KR20220068420A - The oxygen generation module and the manufacturing method thereof using respiration - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oxygen generation module using respiration and a manufacturing method thereof, and more specifically, to an oxygen generation module using respiration and a manufacturing method thereof, such that oxygen is generated and controlled by using CO_2 and H_2O generated during respiration, KO_2, Ca(OH)_2, LiOH, porous silica filled in a cartridge, and the like. To this end, the oxygen generation module of the present invention includes: a suction hole for sucking air or exhalation from the outside; a first cartridge mounted with a carbon dioxide adsorption bed filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent for adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in the air or exhalation; a second cartridge installed at the rear end of the first cartridge and mounted with a moisture control bed filled with a moisture regulator for controlling moisture; a third cartridge installed at the rear end of the second cartridge and mounted with an oxygen generation bed filled with peroxide particles for generating oxygen; and an oxygen discharge hole for discharging the oxygen generated in the third cartridge.

Description

The oxygen generation module and the manufacturing method thereof using respiration }

The present invention relates to an oxygen generating module using respiration and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, CO ₂ and H ₂ O generated during respiration and KO ₂ , Ca(OH) ₂ , LiOH, porous silica, etc. It relates to an oxygen generation module using respiration that can generate oxygen and control it, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Oxygen is the most abundant element on Earth and most of it is dissolved in water. A person breathes about 15 kg of air per day, and it requires a very large amount of 250 to 500 liters in terms of volume. Headache is a symptom that occurs when there is a lack of oxygen. Headaches have many causes, but the most common cause is lack of oxygen. The brain uses more than 30% of total oxygen consumption. Therefore, if you are stressed or pay a lot of attention, oxygen consumption increases, and if it becomes difficult to supply it, a headache occurs. In addition, if you consume a lot of energy, you will often yawn to replenish oxygen, and if you lack more oxygen, you may become forgetful or lose your memory and energy. For this oxygen supply, about 2,000 liters of blood go to the brain per day, which is about 400 times the total blood volume. The concentration of oxygen in the air is also important. If the oxygen concentration falls below 20.5%, you may feel a headache. If the oxygen concentration falls below 19-20%, you may experience chest tightness and symptoms such as headache, loss of appetite, and vomiting.

As the use of masks has become compulsory in countries around the world due to the coronavirus pandemic, not only medical staff but also the general public have become obliged to use masks. In addition, as the mask use time increases, research papers have been published that a headache and a lack of oxygen in the brain occur due to an increase in CO ₂ and a lack of oxygen.

May 2020 Headaches Associated With Personal Protective Equipment ?? A Cross-Sectional Study Among Frontline Healthcare Workers During COVID-19.

Oxygen production technology has the following methods. There are physical methods for separating oxygen from air and chemical methods using chemical reactions. Physical methods for separating oxygen from air include cryogenic distillation, membrane separation, and pressure swing adsorption (PSA) methods.

Cryogenic distillation is a method of separating O ₂ , N ₂ , and Ar by liquefying and distilling air. Disadvantages include the need for a large device, and liquid oxygen evaporates over time.

The membrane separation method is a technology that selectively separates O ₂ , N ₂ , and Ar in the air by using the difference in the permeation rates of materials to the hollow fiber membrane using a membrane. Compressed air is injected into the hollow fiber membrane to release oxygen from the hollow fiber membrane Oxygen is released by exhaling into the stomach. This method has a structure that can be used semi-permanently, so it is easy to install and has a wide range of uses. It is a great advantage that it is resistant to moisture and has no reaction with other media, so there is almost no defect repair. It is mainly used for industrial purposes. The disadvantage is that the specific surface area of the membrane must be large for high-speed production, and when the pressure is high, stability problems and a large-capacity compressor are required. In addition, there is a problem in that the oxygen and argon molecules are similar in size, so that the purity of oxygen is lowered.

Pressure swing adsorption method (PSA) is a method of increasing the concentration of oxygen by introducing compressed air into two adsorption towers filled with adsorbents such as zeolite and nanotubes to separate oxygen from air, adsorbing nitrogen and argon, and passing only oxygen. , is currently the most used. However, the raw material used as an adsorbent is weak against moisture, so there is a disadvantage that requires careful attention to prevent moisture.

Chemical oxygen generation technology is a technology that generates oxygen through a chemical reaction, and as oxygen generation sources, superoxide, chloric acid and perchloric acid are mainly used.

Chloric acid and perchloric acid: Chloric acid (LiClO ₃ , NaClO ₃ , KClO ₃ ) and perchloric acid (LiClO ₄ , NaClO ₄ , KClO ₄ ) containing Li, Na, K are put into a cylinder together with iron powder to form a perchloric acid candle or oxygen candle do. When these oxygen candles are ignited, oxygen is generated by the reaction of 2NaClO ₃ -> 2NaCL + 3O ₂ . The generated oxygen is filtered by the filter and transferred to the mask through a hose, where it is inhaled by the user. The solid oxygen candle consists of a lump of sodium chlorate packaged inside an insulated stainless steel housing to control the heat generated when activated. There is a spring-loaded ignition pin ignition method and an induction electric high-temperature electric ignition method. Once ignited, the solid chlorine oxygen generating module cannot extinguish and generally generates oxygen that can be breathed for 10 to 20 minutes. The use of solid oxygen can greatly increase the cost because it must be replaced once used. Furthermore, chemical oxygen candles must be treated with special care as hazardous materials, must be properly packaged for transport, and the ignition must be deactivated.

Superoxide, Superoxide: Potassium superoxide KO ₂ has been used in mines, firefighters, upland mountaineering, submarines and spacecraft. Superoxide (NaO ₂ , Ca(O ₂ ) ₂ ) and peroxide (Li ₂ O ₂ , Na ₂ O ₂ ) may be used instead of KO ₂ , but KO ₂ is mainly used due to reactivity, stability and sample preparation problems. . The package containing KO ₂ connected to the mask generates oxygen by CO ₂ and moisture due to exhalation as the package is opened in an emergency situation requiring oxygen, and the oxygen generated in this way is inhaled by inhalation. At this time, the reaction is abrupt, and the inhaled air is extremely hot and dry, so breathing becomes difficult.

As another method, the oxygen generation method using a catalyst has a very simple structure and generates oxygen of high purity by reacting with water as a catalyst using a bleaching agent to generate oxygen. However, it has the disadvantage of having to change the catalyst every time. In addition, the electrolysis method is the principle of generating oxygen and hydrogen by electrolysis of water. It has a very simple structure and is a method of generating high-purity oxygen. It is the most basic and most publicly available technology, but it is not commercially utilized. It is dangerous because highly explosive hydrogen is generated, and the post-treatment process is complicated because hydrogen must be treated separately.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1585223 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0077724

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose an oxygen generating module.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose an oxygen generating module having a simple structure.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose an oxygen generation module capable of adjusting the reaction time for oxygen generation.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose an oxygen generating module capable of generating oxygen only through a respiration process.

To this end, the oxygen generating module of the present invention includes: an inlet through which air or exhalation is introduced from the outside; a first cartridge mounted with a carbon dioxide adsorption bed filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent for adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in the air or exhaled; a second cartridge installed at the rear end of the first cartridge and mounted with a moisture control bed filled with a moisture control agent for controlling moisture; a third cartridge installed at the rear end of the second cartridge and mounted with an oxygen generating bed filled with peroxide particles for generating oxygen; and an oxygen outlet for discharging oxygen generated in the third cartridge.

The oxygen generating module and its manufacturing method using respiration according to the present invention have an advantage in that oxygen can be generated only by the user's breathing. There are advantages to using it.

In addition, the present invention has the advantage of being able to simply control the oxygen generation time or duration by controlling the length or the filled amount of the cartridge filled with the carbon dioxide adsorbent and the moisture control agent, which are retardants.

1 shows a manufacturing process diagram of an oxygen generating module using respiration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing the structure of an oxygen generating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 shows an example of using an oxygen generating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 shows another example of use of the oxygen generating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a graph showing a change in relative humidity and a delay in oxygen generation according to the thickness of silica gel.
6 is a graph illustrating a change in carbon dioxide concentration and a delay in oxygen generation according to the thickness of lithium hydroxide.
7 is a graph showing the rate of oxygen generation according to the thickness of silica gel and potassium superoxide.
Figure 8 shows another manufacturing process of the oxygen generating module using respiration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The foregoing and further aspects of the present invention will become more apparent through preferred embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, it will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily understand and reproduce through these embodiments of the present invention.

The present invention relates to an oxygen generating module and a manufacturing method using superoxide-based respiration. The present invention is a device capable of inhaling oxygen by oral respiration, and is characterized by a material and structure capable of controlling the CO ₂ adsorbent and moisture so that a rapid reaction can be suppressed and oxygen can be constantly supplied.

[Oxygen Generation Principle]

The principle of oxygen production and CO ₂ adsorption using potassium peroxide (KO ₂ ) is expressed by the following three equations. KO ₂ reacts with water (H ₂ O) in the air to generate KOH and O ₂ , and KOH reacts with carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) in the air to generate K ₂ CO ₂ , KHCO ₃ and H ₂ O. This reaction is repeated until all KO ₂ is consumed.

2KO ₂ + H ₂ O --> 2KOH + 1.5O ₂ + Q

2KOH + CO ₂ --> K ₂ CO ₃ + H ₂ O + Q

KOH + CO ₂ --> KHCO ₃ + Q

Oxygen masks used in emergency situations contain potassium superoxide, KO ₂ . Excess potassium oxide reacts with carbon dioxide and water vapor in the exhaled breath to generate oxygen. At this time, potassium bicarbonate, which is not harmful to the human body, is also produced. When a person exhales, the chemical reaction with potassium superoxide is: 4KO ₂ + 2H ₂ O + 4CO ₂ → 4KHCO ₃ + 3O ₂

If a person wearing an oxygen mask exhales containing 0.70 g of carbon dioxide per minute, the one-hour oxygen mask must contain at least several 68 g of excess potassium oxide. That is, it has the disadvantage that a large amount of potassium oxide is required, so a retardant (control agent) is required.

Thus, 1.1309 g KO ₂ * 60 min = 68 g KO ₂ (per hour)

A person wearing an oxygen mask exhaling 0.702 g of carbon dioxide per minute can produce 1.92 g of oxygen in 5 minutes if the material is sufficient.

So, in 5 minutes, 0.383 g O ₂ * 5 min = 1.92 g O ₂

[CO ₂ adsorption principle]

Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) has been used as a CO ₂ adsorbent, and LiOH reacts with H ₂ O and CO ₂ as follows.

2LiOH + 2H ₂ O --> 2LiOH * H ₂ O

2LiOH*H ₂ O + CO ₂ --> Li ₂ CO3 + 3H ₂ O

LiOH requires water vapor to initiate CO ₂ adsorption, and the water vapor generated in the second reaction can be consumed again in the first reaction. Some water vapor will be present in the Bed to sustain the CO ₂ adsorption.

[Moisture Control Principle]

Silica gel can be used for moisture control. Silica gel releases moisture when the humidity is low, and absorbs moisture when the humidity is high, so that the surrounding humidity can be controlled. The silica gel used is grade 44, 3-8 mesh.

The oxygen generating module and manufacturing method using respiration according to the present invention are as follows. Potassium superoxide (KO ₂ ), granular powder, and LiOH, which are starting materials, are each molded into a cylindrical shape using a uniaxial press, and silica gel is separately placed in a cartridge and arranged. Alternatively, a cylindrical shape formed by uniaxial press by mixing these starting materials together is used.

<Example 1>

After measuring 5 g of potassium peroxide powder (KO ₂ ) and using a uniaxial press to prepare a cylindrical shaped article having a diameter of 12 mm, put it in a cartridge to manufacture an oxygen generating module.

<Example 2>

After measuring and mixing 5 g of potassium peroxide powder (KO ₂ ) and 2 g of adsorbent Ca(OH) ₂ using a uniaxial press, a cylindrical shaped article having a diameter of 12 mm is prepared, and then put into a cartridge to produce an oxygen generating module.

<Example 3>

After measuring and mixing 5 g of potassium peroxide powder (KO ₂ ), 2 g of adsorbent Ca(OH) 2 and ₂ g of silicone resin, using a uniaxial press to prepare a cylindrical shaped body with a diameter of 12 mm, put it in a cartridge and produce an oxygen generating module do.

<Example 4>

In Example 3, each of the silicone resin, the adsorbent, and the potassium peroxide were manufactured in a cylindrical shape and arranged in series to prepare an oxygen generating module.

<Example 5>

An oxygen generating module composed of potassium superoxide and silica gel was manufactured, and the change in relative humidity and oxygen generation delay according to the thickness of the silica gel (1X, 2X, 3X) were shown in FIG. 5 . It can be seen that as the thickness of the silica gel increases, oxygen generation is delayed. In addition, it can be seen that as the thickness of the silica gel increases, the relative humidity decreases.

<Example 6>

An oxygen generation module composed of potassium superoxide and lithium hydroxide was manufactured, and the change in the CO ₂ concentration and the delay in oxygen generation according to the thickness of lithium hydroxide (1X, 2X, 3X) were shown in FIG. 6 . It can be seen that as the thickness of lithium hydroxide increases, oxygen generation is delayed. In addition, it can be seen that as the thickness of the lithium hydroxide increases, the CO ₂ concentration decreases.

<Example 7>

An oxygen generating module composed of potassium superoxide alone and an oxygen generating module composed of lithium hydroxide, silica gel and potassium superoxide were manufactured, and the change in the rate of oxygen generation is shown in FIG. 7 . The oxygen generation rate can be controlled by adding lithium hydroxide and silica gel and adjusting the length. That is, in the case of an oxygen generating module composed of potassium superoxide alone, there is a limit in controlling the rate of oxygen generation, but in the case of an oxygen generating module composed of lithium hydroxide, silica gel and potassium superoxide, the rate of oxygen generation by controlling the length (length) can be adjusted. Accordingly, the present invention proposes an oxygen generating module composed of lithium hydroxide, silica gel and potassium superoxide instead of an oxygen generating module composed of potassium superoxide alone.

1 shows a manufacturing process diagram of an oxygen generating module using respiration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1, the manufacturing process of the oxygen generating module using respiration according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

In particular, FIG. 1 shows a manufacturing process of an oxygen generating module having a multi-stage filling cartridge structure.

The multi-stage filling cartridge is divided into a CO ₂ adsorption bed, an H ₂ O control bed and an oxygen generating bed. Hereinafter, the manufacturing process of each bed will be described.

[Bed for CO ₂ adsorption]

LiOH, which is a CO ₂ adsorption powder, is pulverized and mixed, and then a pulverization/mixing process is performed. After performing the grinding/mixing process, it is molded into granules and filled in the cartridge. In the present invention, the granules filled in the bed for CO ₂ adsorption perform a function of delaying oxygen generation.

In addition, in the present invention, it is possible to use NaOH and Ca(OH) ₂ as the CO ₂ adsorption powder.

[Bed for H ₂ O adjustment]

SiO ₂ , which is a H ₂ O control powder, is pulverized and mixed, and then a pulverization/mixing process is performed. After performing the grinding/mixing process, it is molded into granules and filled in the cartridge. In the present invention, the granules filled in the bed for H ₂ O control perform a function of delaying oxygen generation.

The moisture control bed may be used by mixing hydrophobic resin such as silicone resin and moisture adsorbent particles such as silica gel.

[Oxygen generating bed]

Solid oxygen powder, K ₂ O, is pulverized and mixed, and then a pulverization/mixing process is performed. After performing the grinding/mixing process, it is molded into granules and filled in the cartridge.

Li ₂ O ₂ , Na ₂ O ₂ , NaO ₂ , Ca(O ₂ ) ₂ , etc. may be used as the peroxide, which is a solid oxygen powder, instead of potassium peroxide, and the particle size of the peroxide powder is preferably 200 nm to 50 μm.

The particle size and shape of potassium peroxide is prepared in a granular state using a spray dry method, the particle diameter of the granular state is 0.5 to 25 mm, and the thickness is 0.1 to 10 mm.

The particles used for the CO ₂ adsorption bed, the moisture control bed and the oxygen generating bed may be mixed with a porous material and may be composed of single-phase particles. Each particle used in the bed for CO ₂ adsorption, the bed for moisture control, and the bed for generating oxygen is mixed in dry or wet conditions using an organic solvent such as ethanol. At this time, a device such as a V-mixer for dry type and a ball mill for wet type is used.

The mixed particles are used by filling the cartridge in the case of dry type, or by filling the cartridge in the form of granules. In addition, in the case of wet use, the mixed particles are dried and then filled in a cartridge.

As described above, each particle includes a resin binder or a pore aid to form pores to increase moldability when mixed.

Figure 2 shows an oxygen generation module using respiration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, an oxygen generation module using respiration according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2 .

According to FIG. 2 , the oxygen generating module 200 includes an intake port 202 , a body case 204 , a first cartridge 206 , a second cartridge 208 , a third cartridge 210 , a filter 218 and oxygen and a discharge port 220 . Of course, other configurations other than the above-described configuration are included in the oxygen generating module proposed in the present invention.

The oxygen generating module 200 proposed in the present invention may be configured in a cylindrical or polygonal column shape, and may be implemented in other forms if necessary.

A rubber ring made of silicone is fastened to one side and the other side of the cartridge so that the air inside is not discharged to the outside. That is, the cartridge connection part uses a silicone rubber ring to improve sealing (sealability) during breathing.

The suction port 202 is the air is sucked in from the atmosphere, or the exhalation is sucked. The inlet may be configured in the form of a column or other shape.

The main body case 204 is configured in the form of a column, one side of which is coupled to the suction port 202 , and the other side to which the oxygen discharge port 220 is coupled. A plurality of cartridges 206 , 208 , 210 and a filter 218 are built in the main body case 204 . In detail, the main body case 204 has a first mesh network 212 , a first cartridge 206 , a second mesh network 214 , a second cartridge 208 , and a third mesh network 216 from one side. ), the third cartridge 210 and the filter 218 are built-in.

The first mesh network 212 is built between the suction port 202 and the first cartridge 206, and filters foreign substances contained in the air or exhaled air sucked from the suction port 202.

The first cartridge 206 is equipped with a CO ₂ adsorption bed, and the CO ₂ adsorption bed is filled with granulated granules after a spray-drying process.

The second mesh network 214 is embedded between the first cartridge 206 and the second cartridge 208 and filters foreign substances contained in the air supplied from the first cartridge 206 .

The second cartridge 208 is equipped with a bed for controlling H ₂ O, and the bed for controlling H ₂ O is filled with granules having open pores formed by extruding and firing H ₂ O control powder mixed with pore material.

The third mesh network 216 is embedded between the second cartridge 208 and the third cartridge 210 and filters foreign substances contained in the air supplied from the second cartridge 208 .

The third cartridge 210 is equipped with an oxygen generating bed, and the oxygen generating bed is filled with granulated particles after the spray-drying process.

The filter 218 is formed between the third cartridge 210 and the oxygen outlet 220 , and in particular, is formed at the other end of the main body case 204 . The filter 218 filters the air supplied from the third cartridge 210 . That is, a glass fiber filter capable of removing dust from the granular particles produced after molding is formed in front of the oxygen outlet.

The oxygen discharge port 220 is fastened to the other side of the main body case, and discharges the generated oxygen. The oxygen outlet 220 is formed in a column shape.

3 to 4 are diagrams showing the state of use of the oxygen generating module proposed in the present invention. 3 is a state diagram in which a user directly uses the oxygen generating module, and FIG. 4 is a state diagram in which the oxygen generating module is used by fastening to a mask.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the oxygen generating module is used by a user, and when the user inhales air through an oxygen outlet, air is introduced through the inlet. In the introduced air, oxygen is generated by a plurality of cartridges built into the main body case, and the generated oxygen is inhaled by the user.

The oxygen generating module proposed in FIG. 4 has an inlet and an oxygen outlet connected to a tube, and the tube is connected to a mask. The user breathes while wearing a mask. The tube has a check valve formed therein, and the check valve connected to the inlet has a structure that opens during exhalation and closes during inspiration. The check valve connected to the oxygen outlet has a structure that opens during inhalation and closes during exhalation.

An oxygen generating module connected to this and a tube having a built-in check valve is fastened to the mask, and the user breathes while wearing the mask to inhale oxygen.

8 shows a process of manufacturing an oxygen generating module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

According to FIG. 8, the oxygen generating module constitutes one cartridge, not three cartridges, unlike in FIG. 1, and pulverizes/mixes solid oxygen powder, catalyst and additives in one cartridge to form granular powder. fill up

The solid oxygen powder is KO ₂ powder, the catalyst that functions to increase the amount of oxygen in a short period of time is CuOCl ₂ , and the additive functions for CO ₂ control and humidity control, and for CO ₂ control, Ca(OH) ₂ , LiOH is used as an additive, and silica gel is used as an additive to control humidity.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. .

200: oxygen generation module 202: intake port
204: body case 206: first cartridge
208: second cartridge 210: third cartridge
212: first mesh network 214: second mesh network
216: third mesh network 218: filter
220: oxygen outlet

Claims (9)

an inlet through which air or exhalation is introduced from the outside;
a first cartridge mounted with a carbon dioxide adsorption bed filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent for adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in the air or exhaled;
a second cartridge installed at the rear end of the first cartridge and mounted with a moisture control bed filled with a moisture control agent for controlling moisture;
a third cartridge installed at the rear end of the second cartridge and mounted with an oxygen generating bed filled with peroxide particles for generating oxygen; and
Oxygen generating module comprising an oxygen outlet for discharging oxygen generated in the third cartridge.
According to claim 1, wherein the peroxide is at least one of K ₂ O, Li ₂ O ₂ , Na ₂ O ₂ , NaO ₂ , Ca(O ₂ ) ₂ The carbon dioxide adsorbent is LiOH, NaOH, Ca(OH) ₂ at least one of, and the moisture control agent is an oxygen generating module, characterized in that at least one of a silicone resin and silica gel.
The method of claim 2, wherein the oxygen generating bed is filled with granules for oxygen generation,
Oxygen generating module, characterized in that the diameter of the granule particles for oxygen generation is 0.5 ~ 25 mm, and the thickness is 0.1 ~ 10 mm.
The oxygen generating module according to claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide adsorbent, the moisture control agent, and the peroxide particles are mixed with a porous material.
5. The oxygen generating module according to claim 4, wherein the carbon dioxide adsorbent, the moisture control agent, and the peroxide particles are mixed with a porous material by dry mixing or by wet mixing with an organic solvent.
[6] The oxygen generating module according to claim 5, wherein the particles by dry mixing are molded into granules and filled in the cartridge.
The oxygen generating module according to claim 1, wherein a filter is formed between the third cartridge and the oxygen outlet.
The oxygen generating module according to claim 7, wherein a silicone rubber ring is formed between the two cartridges.
The method of claim 1,
A first tube having a built-in first check valve is connected to the inlet,
A second tube having a built-in second check valve is connected to the oxygen outlet,
Blocking the air flow from the first direction to the second direction by the first check valve,
Oxygen generating module, characterized in that by blocking the air flow from the second direction to the first direction by the second check valve.

Images