KR20220062803A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is a motor which comprises: a shaft; a rotor coupled to the shaft; and a stator disposed to correspond to the rotor. The rotor includes rotor cores and a plurality of magnets coupled to the rotor cores. The rotor cores include a first rotor core and a second rotor core disposed in an axial direction with the first rotor core. The first rotor core includes a first surface that is in contact with the first rotor core and a protrusion disposed on the first surface. The second rotor core includes a second surface that is in contact with the first surface, a first groove disposed in the second surface, and a second groove disposed in a circumferential direction with the first groove, wherein the protrusion is disposed in the second groove. According to the present invention a slip torque between the rotor cores is increased so as to prevent slipping and stabilize the drive of the rotor.

Description

motor {Motor}

The present invention relates to a rotor and a motor including the same.

In general, in a motor, the rotor is rotated by electromagnetic interaction between the rotor and the stator. At this time, the rotor is manufactured by stacking thin plate-shaped rotor plates to form a plurality of rotor cores (pucks, pucks), and press-fitting each rotor core with a shaft.

However, in the related art, when the rotor rotates at a high speed, slip may occur between the rotor cores. Accordingly, there is a problem that the driving of the rotor is unstable and the performance of the motor is deteriorated.

Accordingly, the embodiment is intended to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to increase the slip torque between the contact surfaces of the rotor cores to prevent the rotor cores from slipping and to provide a motor in which the driving of the rotor is stable.

According to an embodiment, a shaft; a rotor coupled to the shaft; and a stator disposed to correspond to the rotor, wherein the rotor includes a rotor core and a plurality of magnets coupled to the rotor core, wherein the rotor core is axially connected to the first rotor core and the first rotor core. a second rotor core disposed, wherein the first rotor core has a first surface in contact with the first rotor core, and includes a protrusion disposed on the first surface, wherein the second rotor core includes the second rotor core It has a second surface in contact with the first surface, and includes a first groove disposed on the second surface and a second groove disposed in a circumferential direction with the first groove, wherein the protrusion comprises a motor disposed in the second groove. can provide

According to the present invention, by increasing the slip torque between the rotor cores, it is possible to prevent the slip phenomenon and to stabilize the driving of the rotor.

In addition, since the skew angle can be adjusted while the plates are stacked, the working efficiency is increased, and since the protrusions are inserted into the grooves or holes to be stacked, the bonding force between the rotor plates is increased.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a view showing a state in which the shaft is coupled to the rotor core;
3 is a view showing a state in which a first rotor core and a second rotor core are stacked;
4 is a plan view of the first rotor core;
5 is a bottom view of the second rotor core;
6 is an exploded perspective view of the first rotor core;
7 and 8 are plan views of a first rotor plate and a second rotor plate,
9 and 10 are bottom views of the first rotor plate and the second rotor plate,
11 and 12 are plan views of the third rotor plate,
12 is a bottom view of the third rotor plate;
13 is a view showing a state in which a plurality of first and third rotor plates are stacked;
14 is a view illustrating a state in which a plurality of first rotor plates, a plurality of second rotor plates, and a third rotor plate are stacked.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The direction parallel to the longitudinal direction (up and down direction) of the shaft is called the axial direction, the direction perpendicular to the axial direction with respect to the shaft is called the radial direction, and the direction along a circle having a radial radius around the shaft is the circumference called the direction.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the motor according to the embodiment may include a shaft 10 , a rotor 20 , a stator 30 , and a housing 40 .

Hereinafter, the term "inside" refers to a direction from the housing 40 toward the shaft 10, which is the center of the motor, and "outside" refers to a direction opposite to the inside, which is a direction from the shaft 10 to the housing 40.

The shaft 10 may be coupled to the rotor 20 . When electromagnetic interaction occurs between the rotor 20 and the stator 30 through the supply of current, the rotor 20 rotates and the shaft 10 rotates in conjunction therewith. The shaft 10 may be formed of a hollow member.

The rotor 20 rotates through electrical interaction with the stator 30 . The rotor 20 may be disposed to correspond to the stator 30 , and may be disposed inside. The rotor 20 may include a rotor core, a plurality of magnets coupled to the rotor core, and a magnet holder disposed outside the magnets. The magnet holder may be a metal can member.

The stator 30 is disposed outside the rotor 20 . The stator 30 may include a stator core 31 , an insulator 32 , and a coil 33 . The insulator 32 is seated on the stator core 31 . The coil 33 is mounted on the insulator 32 . The coil 33 causes an electrical interaction with the magnet of the rotor 20 .

The housing 40 may be disposed outside the stator 30 . The housing 40 may be a cylindrical member with one side open.

2 is a view showing a state in which a shaft is coupled to a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in the rotor 20 according to the present invention, a plurality of rotor cores 21 , 22 , and 23 are stacked. Although the present embodiment illustrates a state in which three rotor cores are stacked, the number of rotor cores may be appropriately adjusted according to design. Each of the rotor cores 21 , 22 , and 23 is formed by stacking a plurality of rotor plates. The rotor plate is formed in the shape of a thin disk. The plurality of rotor plates may be stacked in an axial direction.

The rotor core may include a first rotor core 21 and a second rotor core 22 . The first rotor core 21 may be axially disposed with the second rotor core 22 . The first rotor core 21 and the second rotor core 22 are disposed to rotate at a predetermined angle while being coupled to the shaft 10 . When the first rotor core 21 and the second rotor core 22 are stacked with an angular horseshoe, a cogging torque of the motor is reduced. According to the embodiment, the first rotor core 21 is disposed at one end of the second rotor core 22 , and the first rotor core 21 is clockwise with respect to the second rotor core 22 at a predetermined angle. It can be stacked by rotation. Another first rotor core 23 may be disposed at one end of the second rotor core 21 . Another first rotor core 23 may be stacked by rotating a predetermined angle in a clockwise direction with respect to the second rotor core 22 . Hereinafter, an angle in which the rotor core is rotated and stacked in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction is defined as a skew angle.

3 is a view illustrating a state in which a first rotor core and a second rotor core are stacked.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the second rotor core 22 is disposed on one surface of the first rotor core 21 . The second rotor core 22 has a predetermined skew angle with respect to the first rotor core 21 . In addition, the second rotor core 22 may be fixed to one surface of the first rotor core 21 . To this end, the first rotor core 21 may include a protrusion, and the second rotor core 22 may include a groove in which the protrusion is disposed.

The first rotor core 21 has a first surface 21A in contact with the second rotor core 22 . And, the second rotor core 22 has a second surface 22B in contact with the first surface 21A. In this case, the first rotor core 21 may include a plurality of protrusions 21P disposed on the first surface 21A. The number of protrusions 21P may be the same as the number of poles (number of magnets) of the motor. The plurality of protrusions 21P may be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The plurality of protrusions 21P may be spaced apart from each other at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The second rotor core 22 may include a plurality of first grooves 22G1 disposed on the second surface 22B. The number of the first grooves 22G1 may be the same as the number of the protrusions 21P. The plurality of first grooves 22G1 may be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The plurality of first grooves 22G1 may be spaced apart from each other at the same distance in the circumferential direction. In addition, the second rotor core 22 may include a plurality of second grooves 22G2 disposed on the second surface 22B. The number of first grooves 22G2 may be the same as the number of first grooves 22G1 . The second grooves 22G2 may be disposed between the first grooves 22G1 spaced apart from each other. In this case, the second groove 22G2 may have a greater distance from the first groove 22G1 disposed on the other side than the first groove 22G1 disposed on one side.

4 is a plan view of a first rotor core;

Referring to FIG. 4 , a plurality of protrusions 21P are disposed on the first surface 21A. The protrusion 21P may have a radial length greater than a circumferential width. The radial length of the protrusion 21P may be smaller than the radial length of the rotor cores 21 , 22 , and 23 . According to the embodiment, the ratio of the radial length of the protrusion 21P to the radial length of the rotor cores 21 , 22 , and 23 may be 0.25 to 0.4. A plurality of protrusions 21S may be disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the first rotor core 21 . The protrusions 21S may be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The number of the protrusions 21S may be the same as the number of the magnets 24 . The magnet 24 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the first rotor core 21 partitioned by the protrusion 21S.

)를 가지고 배치될 수 있다. 이때, 제1 가상선(L1)은 서로 다른 두 개의 제2 가상선(L2) 사이에 배치될 수 있다. 그리고, 제1 로터 코어(21)의 축중심(C)에서 돌부(21S)의 폭중심을 지나도록 연장한 가상선을 제5 가상선(L1)이라고 하면, 제2 가상선(L2)과 제5 가상선(L5)은 오버랩될 수 있다.An imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the first rotor core 21 to the width center of the magnet 24 is referred to as a first imaginary line L1 , and the axial center of the first rotor core 21 . In (C), when an imaginary straight line extending through the center of the width of the protrusion 21P is referred to as a second imaginary line L2, the first imaginary line L1 and the second imaginary line L2 are first arranged Angle(

) can be placed with In this case, the first virtual line L1 may be disposed between two different second virtual lines L2 . And, if an imaginary line extending from the axial center C of the first rotor core 21 to passing through the width center of the protrusion 21S is a fifth imaginary line L1, the second imaginary line L2 and the second imaginary line L2 5 virtual lines L5 may overlap.

5 is a bottom view of the second rotor core;

Referring to FIG. 5 , a plurality of first grooves 22G1 and a plurality of second grooves G2 are disposed on the second surface 22B. The second groove 22G2 may be disposed between two different first grooves 22G1 . The first groove 22G1 and the second groove 22G2 may be disposed on the same circumferential line. A plurality of protrusions 22S may be disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the second rotor core 22 . The protrusion 22S of the second rotor core 22 may have the same shape as the protrusion 21S of the first rotor core 21 shown in FIG. 4 except that it is rotated with a predetermined angular deviation from each other. there is.

An imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the second rotor core 22 through the width center of the magnet 24 is referred to as a third imaginary line L3 , and the axial center of the second rotor core 22 . An imaginary straight line extending through the center of width of the second groove 22G2 in (C) is referred to as a fourth imaginary line L4, and the first groove (C) from the axial center (C) of the second rotor core 22 When an imaginary straight line extending through the center of width 22G1 is referred to as a sixth imaginary line L6, the fourth imaginary line L4 is defined between the third imaginary line L3 and the sixth imaginary line L6. can be placed.

)를 가지고 배치되며, 다른 하나의 제3 가상선(L3)과 제3 배치각도(

)를 가지고 배치될 수 있다. 그리고, 제2 배치각도(

)는 도 4에서 도시한 제1 배치각도(

)와 상이할 수 있다. 또한, 제4 가상선(L4)은 제6 가상선(L6)과 제4 배치각도(

)를 가지고 배치될 수 있다. 이때, 제1 배치각도(

)와 제2 배치각도(

)의 차이값은 제4 배치각도(

)와 같을 수 있다. 그리고, 제4 배치각도(

)는 제1 로터 코어(21)와 제2 로터 코어(22)의 스큐 각도(skew angle)와 동일할 수 있다.The fourth virtual line L4 may be disposed between two different third virtual lines L3 . The fourth imaginary line L4 is one third imaginary line L3 and a third arrangement angle (

), and another third virtual line (L3) and a third arrangement angle (

) can be placed with And, the second arrangement angle (

) is the first arrangement angle (

) may be different. In addition, the fourth virtual line L4 is the sixth virtual line L6 and the fourth arrangement angle (

) can be placed with At this time, the first arrangement angle (

) and the second placement angle (

) is the fourth arrangement angle (

) can be the same as And, the fourth arrangement angle (

) may be equal to a skew angle of the first rotor core 21 and the second rotor core 22 .

6 is an exploded perspective view of a first rotor core;

Referring to FIG. 6 , the first rotor core 21 may include a plurality of first rotor plates 210 and third rotor plates 230 . The plurality of first rotor plates 210 may be sequentially stacked, and the third rotor plates 230 may be disposed on one surface of the stacked first rotor plates 210 . In addition, the second rotor core 22 may be disposed on one surface of the third rotor plate 230 . The third rotor plate 230 may be at least one.

7 and 8 are plan views of a first rotor plate and a second rotor plate.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the first rotor plate 210 and the second rotor plate 220 are the same members having the same shape, except that they are rotated with an angular deviation from each other.

The first rotor plate 210 may have a first A surface A1 and a second A surface. The 1A surface A1 of one first rotor plate 210 may contact the 2A surface A2 of another first rotor plate 210 . The first rotor plate 210 may include a 1A protrusion 211 and a 2A protrusion 212 disposed on the first surface A1 . Each of the 1A protrusions 211 and the 2A protrusions 212 may be plural. The plurality of first A protrusions 211 may be spaced apart from each other at the same distance in the circumferential direction. In addition, the 2A protrusion 212 may be disposed between the two spaced apart 1A protrusions 211 . The plurality of second A protrusions 212 may be spaced apart from each other at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

Likewise, the second rotor plate 220 may have a first B surface B1 and a second B surface B2. The 1B surface B1 of one second rotor plate 220 may contact the second surface B2 of another second rotor plate 220 . The second rotor plate 220 may include a 1B protrusion 221 and a 2B protrusion 222 disposed on the 1B surface B1 .

A plurality of holes may be formed in each of the first rotor plate 210 and the second rotor plate 220 . The plurality of holes may be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The plurality of holes may include a first hole H1 and a second hole H2 disposed in a circumferential direction. In this case, the 1A protrusion 211 and the 2A protrusion 212 are disposed between the first hole H1 and the second hole H2 of the first rotor plate 210 , and the 1B protrusion 221 and The 2B protrusion 222 may be disposed between the first hole H1 and the second hole H2 of the second rotor plate 220 .

Hereinafter, the arrangement angle of the virtual lines extending from the axial center C of the first rotor plate 210 to the width centers of the magnet 24 , the 1A protrusion 211 and the 2A protrusion 212 will be described. . Such content will be described with reference to the first rotor plate 210 , and may be equally applied to the second rotor plate 220 .

Referring to FIG. 8 , an imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the first rotor plate 210 to passing through the width center of the magnet 24 is referred to as a 1A imaginary line LA1 , and the first rotor plate An imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the 210 to the width center of the 1A protrusion 211 is referred to as a 2A imaginary line LA2, and the axial center C of the first rotor plate 210 ), when an imaginary straight line extending through the center of the width of the 2A protrusion 212 is referred to as a 3A imaginary line LA3, the 3A imaginary line LA3 is a 1A imaginary line LA1 and 2A imaginary line It may be disposed between the lines LA2. The 3A virtual line LA3 may be disposed closer to the 2A virtual line LA2 than the 1A virtual line LA1 .

9 and 10 are bottom views of the first rotor plate and the second rotor plate.

Referring to FIG. 9 , the first rotor plate 210 may include a 1A groove 213 and a 2A groove 214 disposed on the 2A surface A2 . The 1A grooves 213 and the 2A grooves 214 are plural, respectively. The plurality of 1A grooves 213 may be spaced apart from each other at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Also, the 2A groove 214 may be disposed between the two 1A grooves 213 spaced apart from each other. The plurality of second A grooves 214 may be spaced apart from each other at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. At this time, in the first rotor plate 210 , the 1A groove 213 and the 1A projection 211 are simultaneously formed by punching, and the 2A groove 214 and the 2A projection 212 are simultaneously formed by punching. can be

Likewise, the second rotor plate 220 may include a 1B groove 223 and a 2B groove 224 disposed on the 2B surface B2 . The 1B grooves 223 and the 2B grooves 224 are configured to correspond to the 1A grooves 213 and the 2A grooves 214 , and thus, descriptions thereof will not be repeated.

Hereinafter, an arrangement angle of virtual lines extending from the axial center C of the first rotor plate 210 to the width centers of the magnet 24 , the 1A groove 213 and the 2A groove 214 will be described. . Such content will be described with reference to the first rotor plate 210 , and may be equally applied to the second rotor plate 220 .

Referring to FIG. 10 , an imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the first rotor plate 210 to the width center of the magnet 24 is referred to as a 1B imaginary line LB1 , and the first rotor plate An imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the 210 to the width center of the 1A groove 213 is referred to as a 2B imaginary line LB2 and the axial center C of the first rotor plate 210 . ), when an imaginary straight line extending through the center of the width of the 2A groove 214 is called a 3B imaginary line LB3, the 3B imaginary line LB3 is a 1B imaginary line LB1 and a 2B imaginary line. It may be disposed between the lines LB2. And 3B virtual line LB3 may be arrange|positioned close to 2nd B virtual line LB2 rather than 1B virtual line LB1.

11 and 12 are plan views of the third rotor plate.

Referring to FIG. 11 , the third rotor plate 230 may have a first C surface C1 and a second C surface. The 1C surface C1 may contact the 2B surface B2 of the second rotor plate 220 . In addition, the 2C surface may be opposite to the 1C surface, and may contact the 1A surface A1 of the first rotor plate 210 . The third rotor plate 230 may include a 1C protrusion 231 disposed on the 1C surface C1. In addition, the third rotor plate 230 may include a 1C hole 232 penetrating the first C surface C1 and the second C surface C2 .

Referring to FIG. 12 , an imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the third rotor plate 210 through the width center of the magnet 24 is referred to as a 1C imaginary line LC1 , and the third rotor plate An imaginary straight line extending from the axial center C of the 210 to the width center of the 1C protrusion 231 is called a 2C imaginary line LC2, and the axial center C of the third rotor plate 210 is ), when an imaginary straight line extending through the center of the width of the 1C hole 232 is referred to as a 3C imaginary line LC3, the 3C imaginary line LC3 is the 1C imaginary line LC1 and the 2C imaginary line LC3. It may be disposed between the lines LC2 . In addition, the 3C virtual line LC3 may be disposed closer to the 2C virtual line LC2 than the 1C virtual line LC1 .

13 is a view illustrating a state in which a plurality of first and third rotor plates are stacked.

Referring to FIG. 13 , the first rotor core 21 may be formed by stacking a plurality of first rotor plates 210 and one third rotor plate 230 . The plurality of first rotor plates 210 may be sequentially stacked. In addition, the third rotor plate 230 may be disposed on one surface of the plurality of stacked first rotor plates 210 . In this case, the third protrusion 230S formed on the outer circumferential surface of the third rotor plate 230 may be disposed on the same line in the axial direction as the first protrusion 210S formed on the outer circumferential surface of the first rotor plate 210 . The 1A protrusion 211 may overlap the 1C protrusion 231 in the axial direction. In addition, the 2A protrusion 212 may be disposed in the 1C hole 232 . In this case, the protrusion length in the axial direction of the protrusion 2A 212 may be smaller than the thickness in the axial direction of the third plate 230 . Accordingly, one end of the protrusion 2A 212 may be disposed lower than one surface of the third plate 230 .

14 is a view illustrating a state in which a plurality of first rotor plates, a plurality of second rotor plates, and a third rotor plate are stacked.

Referring to FIG. 14 , the second rotor core 22 may be stacked on one surface of the third rotor plate 230 . In this case, the second rotor core 22 may be formed by stacking a plurality of second rotor plates 220 . In addition, although not shown in the drawings, the second rotor core 22 may include a fourth rotor plate (not shown). A fourth rotor plate (not shown) may be disposed on one surface of the plurality of second rotor plates. The fourth rotor plate may have the same shape as the third rotor plate. In addition, another first rotor core may be disposed on one surface of the fourth rotor plate.

The second rotor plate 220 is disposed to rotate with the third rotor plate 230 with an angular deviation from each other. The second protrusion 220S protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the second rotor plate 220 is displaced from the third protrusion 230S by a predetermined angle. In addition, the 1C protrusion 231 may be disposed in the 2B groove to overlap the 2B protrusion 222 in the axial direction. The first rotor core 21 and the second rotor core 22 may be fixed by coupling the 1C protrusion 231 and the 2B groove.

According to this structure, since the skew angle can be adjusted while stacking the first to third rotor plates, the working efficiency is increased, and since the protrusions are inserted into the grooves or holes to be stacked, the coupling force between the rotor plates is increased. In addition, by increasing the slip torque between the contact surfaces of the rotor core, it is possible to prevent the rotor core from slipping and to stabilize the driving of the rotor.

In the above-described embodiment, the inner rotor type motor has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention is also applicable to an outer rotor type motor. In addition, it can be used in various devices such as vehicles or home appliances.

10: shaft 20: rotor
21, 23: first rotor core 22: second rotor core
24: magnet 30: stator
40: housing 210: first rotor plate
211: 1A projection 212: 2A projection
213: 1A groove 214: 2A groove
220: second rotor plate 221: protrusion 1B
222: 2B projection 223: 1B groove
224: second groove 230: third rotor plate
231: 1C protrusion 232: 1C hole

Claims (14)

shaft;
a rotor coupled to the shaft; and
It includes a stator disposed to correspond to the rotor,
The rotor includes a rotor core and a plurality of magnets coupled to the rotor core,
The rotor core includes a first rotor core and a second rotor core disposed in an axial direction with the first rotor core,
The first rotor core has a first surface in contact with the first rotor core, and includes a protrusion disposed on the first surface,
The second rotor core has a second surface in contact with the first surface, and includes a first groove disposed on the second surface and a second groove disposed in a circumferential direction with the first groove,
The protrusion is disposed in the second groove. According to claim 1,
A first arrangement angle formed by a first imaginary line passing from the axial center of the first rotor core to the width center of the magnet and a second imaginary line passing from the axial center of the first rotor core to the width center of the protrusion is,
A third imaginary line passing from the axial center of the second rotor core through the center of width of the magnet and a fourth imaginary line passing through the center of the width of the second groove from the axial center of the second rotor core are different from a second arrangement angle motor. 3. The method of claim 2,
The first rotor core includes a plurality of first protrusions disposed in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface,
The second imaginary line overlaps with a fifth imaginary line passing through the center of the width of the first protrusion from the axial center of the first rotor core. According to claim 1,
The second rotor core includes a first hole and a second hole spaced apart from the first hole in a circumferential direction,
The first groove and the second groove are disposed between the first hole and the second hole in a circumferential direction. According to claim 1,
The first rotor core includes a plurality of first rotor plates stacked in an axial direction,
The first rotor plate includes a 1A side and a 2A side,
1A projections and 2A projections disposed on the 1A surface,
A motor in which a groove 1A and a groove 2A are formed on the surface 2A. 6. The method of claim 5,
The 1A groove is formed as the 1A protrusion protrudes,
The 2A groove is formed as the 2A protrusion protrudes. 6. The method of claim 5,
The second rotor core includes a plurality of second rotor plates stacked in an axial direction,
The second rotor plate includes a 1B surface and a 2B surface,
1B projections and 2B projections disposed on the 1B surface,
A motor having a 1B groove and a 2B groove disposed on the 2B surface. 8. The method of claim 7,
The 1B groove is formed as the 1B protrusion protrudes,
The 2B groove is formed as the 2B protrusion protrudes. 9. The method of claim 8,
The motor 1A protrusion overlaps the groove 2B of the second rotor core in the axial direction. 10. The method of claim 9,
wherein the first rotor core includes a third rotor plate disposed between the first rotor plate and the second rotor plate. 11. The method of claim 10,
The third rotor plate includes a 1C surface disposed toward the 2B surface and a 2C surface disposed toward the 1A surface,
It includes a 1C projection disposed on the 1C surface,
A motor including a 1C hole penetrating the 1C surface and the 2C surface. 12. The method of claim 11,
The 1B projection is disposed in the 1C hole,
The motor 1C protrusion is disposed in the groove 2B and overlaps the protrusion 2B in an axial direction. According to claim 1,
The protrusion has a radial length greater than a circumferential width. 14. The method of claim 13,
The radial length of the projection is less than the radial length of the rotor core,
A ratio of the radial length of the protrusion to the radial length of the rotor core is 0.25 to 0.4.

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