KR20220059430A - Smoke removal system installed in passage inside building - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smoke removal system installed in a passage inside a building. The smoke removal system, installed in a passage in a building to be opened and closed, comprises: a door case having an intake port and an exhaust port; a door nozzle installed inside the door case to spray water supplied from the outside; and a door body having a negative pressure inductor which passes the water sprayed from the door nozzle, generates negative pressure according to the venturi effect while the water passes to suck gas around the door case through the intake port, mixes the sucked gas with the water, and lowers the same toward the exhaust port. Therefore, the smoke removal system generates negative pressure in case of a fire, sucks smoke and toxic gas therearound, mixes the same with the water, and discharges the mixture, thereby greatly reducing the concentration of the smoke and toxic gas; and can secure greater visibility and provide lighting even in the event of a power outage to ensure prompt evacuation, thereby minimizing human casualties. In addition, the smoke removal system can cool a fire door and a fire shutter to prevent thermal deformation or damage caused by flames, thereby properly maintaining a fire prevention function such as preventing the spread of fire and securing the maximum evacuation time.

Description

Smoke removal system installed in passage inside building}

The present invention relates to a smoke control system installed at various entrances and exits inside a building, and more particularly, by rapidly inhaling smoke and toxic gas generated during a fire and then mixing it with water to remove the smoke, It relates to a ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building that can minimize human casualties by preventing it from spreading, and efficiently remove dust by illuminating emergency lighting and generating negative ions.

In most of the buildings constructed in recent years, various firefighting equipment that meet the standards stipulated in the strengthened building firefighting law are compulsory. These fire-fighting-related facilities include fire-fighting facilities, smoke exhaust facilities, smoke control (control) facilities, alarm facilities, evacuation facilities, fire-fighting water facilities, fire-fighting activity related facilities, and the like.

The basic purpose of firefighting equipment is, of course, to detect a fire early, protect or evacuate people in a building, and to minimize damage to life and property due to fire, such as enabling fire extinguishing activities at the initial stage.

Among the above facilities, the smoke control (control) facility is a type of fire extinguishing facility that detects smoke generated in the initial stage of a fire in a building, discharges the smoke from the fire room (living room), By preventing the spread of smoke, it protects residents from smoke and allows them to evacuate safely, and at the same time controls the smoke so that the fire brigade can extinguish the fire and discharges it to the outside (exhaust smoke/排煙/Fire). Smoke Ventilation).

The casualties caused by fire are more suffocation caused by smoke (toxic gas, soot, soot) spread in the building by the fire stream rather than the direct effect by fire heat. Toxic smoke from fire is fatal because it spreads very quickly.

Toxic gases generated during a fire block the delivery of oxygen in the blood and, if inhaled, have a fatal effect, resulting in death within minutes. Toxic gas contains a large amount of highly toxic components such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen chloride (HCL), and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and excessive coughing, pulmonary edema, heart attack, delirium, corneal blisters, and elevated body temperature. In the event of a fire, it is very important to quickly remove the smoke in order to minimize casualties.

On the other hand, the fire door in the building is for preventing the spread of fire or delaying the ignition, and is installed at the doorway inside the building. For example, when a space separated by a wall is formed inside a building, a fire door is installed at an entrance that can enter the space.

Although the fire door is made of non-combustible materials, it is continuously heated unless the fire is completely extinguished. Eventually, it will be deformed or cracked by the heat and lose its fire protection function at some point. In addition, it is heated by a flame and a person can get burns just by touching the fire door.

There is a need for a technology that effectively removes toxic gases generated in a fire to reduce the concentration of toxic substances indoors to a minimum level for breathing, and cools the fire door so that the fire door does not lose its function.

The present invention was created to solve the above problems, and in the event of a fire, it greatly reduces the concentration of smoke and toxic gas, as well as secures the visible distance, and induces rapid evacuation by providing lighting even in the event of a power failure, thereby reducing human casualties. An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building that can be minimized.

In addition, the present invention cools the fire door and the fire shutter to prevent thermal deformation or damage caused by the flame, thereby stably preventing the spread of fire and ensuring the maximum evacuation time. Another object is to provide a ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building.

As a means of solving the problems for achieving the above object, the ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building according to the present invention is installed so as to be able to open and close in the entrance passage in a building, and includes: a door case having an intake port and an exhaust port; a door nozzle installed inside the door case and spraying water supplied from the outside; The water sprayed from the door nozzle passes through, and while the water passes, it creates a negative pressure according to the venturi effect, sucks in the gas around the door case through the intake port, mixes the inhaled gas with water, and lowers the negative pressure to the outlet side. A door body including a derivative is provided.

In addition, as a means of solving the problems for achieving the above object, the ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building of the present invention is fixed to the entrance passage in the building to open and close the door for entrance and exit, and has an intake port and an exhaust port. frame case; a frame nozzle installed inside the frame case and spraying water supplied from the outside; A negative pressure inductor that passes the water sprayed from the frame nozzle and creates a negative pressure according to the venturi effect while the water passes, sucks in the gas around the frame case through the intake, mixes the inhaled gas with water, and descends toward the outlet. It has a door frame provided with.

And, the door for entry and exit, and a door case having an intake port and an exhaust port; a door nozzle built into the door case and spraying water supplied from the outside; A venturi body that allows water sprayed from the door nozzle to pass through, creates a negative pressure according to the venturi effect while the water passes through, draws in gas around the door case through the intake port, mixes the inhaled gas with water, and descends toward the outlet side. It consists of a door body having a.

In addition, the door body and the door frame are provided with a first sealing seal and a second sealing seal providing a path through which water can be supplied to the door nozzle by interworking with each other when the door body is closed.

In addition, the door case and the frame case, the first and second installation holes for installing the first and second sealing seals are respectively formed, the first sealing seal; A fixing ring that takes the shape of a ring and is fitted into the first seal installation hole, and an elastic blocking piece that is integrally formed on the inner circumferential surface of the fixing ring and that normally waits in a closed state and opens apart by water pressure when water pressure is applied; , the second sealing seal; It has a fixed ring that takes the shape of a ring and is fitted into the second seal installation hole, and an elastic cut-off piece that is integrally formed with the inner circumferential surface of the fixed ring and is normally closed and opened by water pressure when water pressure is applied.

In addition, as a means of solving the problem for achieving the above object, the ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building of the present invention has an intake port and an exhaust port, and a door case having a plurality of through-type receiving holes at the upper end, installed inside the door case A door equipped with a negative pressure inductor that passes the water ejected downward through the receiving hole, creates a negative pressure according to the venturi effect, draws in gas around the door case through the intake port, mixes the inhaled gas with water, and guides it toward the outlet side. a body; A frame case supporting the door body so as to be able to open and close, having an intake port and an exhaust port, and having a jet passage corresponding to the receiving hole one-to-one when the door body is closed, is installed inside the frame case and provides water supplied from the outside A door frame having a nozzle for allowing water to pass through a negative pressure inducing body through a receiving hole by spraying it through a jetting passage is included.

In addition, sealing caps that are separated and removed by the pressure of water when water is sprayed are mounted on the receiving hole and the jetting passage, respectively.

And, as a means of solving the problem for achieving the above object, the ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building according to the present invention includes: a mixing housing installed above a fire shutter in a building and having an intake port and an exhaust port; a plurality of nozzles built into the mixing housing and spraying water supplied from the outside; It is installed on the lower side of the nozzle and allows the water sprayed from the nozzle to pass through. During the passage of water, a negative pressure according to the venturi effect is generated to inhale the gas around the mixing housing through the intake port, and the inhaled gas is mixed with water. It is provided with a negative pressure inducing conductor for discharging.

In addition, the negative pressure conductor; It has a spray passage whose inner diameter is expanded along the flow direction of water, and a plurality of intake passages that are opened in the lateral direction of the spray passage and allow the negative pressure formed in the spray passage to act to the outside.

In addition, a mixing spacer that collides with the sprayed water and mixes the water with the gas is further installed inside the door case.

In addition, a small hydroelectric generator for generating electricity by receiving the kinetic energy of water supplied in the event of a fire; an emergency lighting unit operated by receiving power from a small hydro generator; An anion generator for collecting and removing positively charged particles in the gas by outputting negative ions is further included.

The ventilation system of the present invention, which is installed in an entrance passageway in a building as described above, forms a negative pressure in the event of a fire, inhales surrounding smoke and toxic gas, and then mixes it with water and discharges it, thereby greatly reducing the concentration of smoke and toxic gas. , it is possible to minimize the loss of life by inducing quick evacuation by securing the visible distance and providing lighting even in the event of a power outage.

In addition, by cooling the fire door and fire shutter to prevent thermal deformation or damage caused by the flame, the fire protection function such as preventing the spread of fire and securing the maximum evacuation time is properly maintained.

In particular, when applied to the access passage of a toilet in a building, once heat or gas is prevented from flowing into the toilet, incidentally, if the ventilation fan is switched to an air supply fan, the toilet can be used as an emergency evacuation space. .

1A is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passageway in a building according to the present invention.
1B is a view for explaining an example of use of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passageway in a building according to the present invention.
2A and 2B are perspective views illustrating an external configuration of a fire door of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
3A and 3B are exploded perspective views of the door body shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
4A and 4B are side cross-sectional views of the door body shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
5 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a modified example of the door body of FIG. 2A.
6 and 11 are side views schematically showing the configuration of various negative pressure inductors that can be applied to the door body of FIG. 2 .
12 is a view showing a modified example of a fire door applied to the indoor access passage installation type ventilation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a view for explaining the operation of the high sealing seal and the moving hermetic seal shown in FIG. 12 .
14 is a view showing another modified example of the fire door in the ventilation system installed in the entrance passageway in the building according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
15 is a perspective view illustrating the exterior of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passageway in a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
16 is a diagram schematically illustrating an internal configuration of the case shown in FIG. 15 .
17 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the multi-stage negative pressure inductor of FIG. 16 .
18 is a view showing a modified example of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, one embodiment according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building of the present invention is applied to a fire door or a fire shutter installed in an entrance passage in a building. In other words, the fire door itself has a smoke control ability, so it not only absorbs smoke and toxic gas generated during a fire at a fast rate, mixes it with water and discharges it, but also prevents the fire door or fire shutter from being deformed or heated by the temperature of the flame. to prevent it from performing its function stably.

In this description, the term 'inside a building entrance passage' means a passage in which an accessible door or shutter is installed.

Smoke and toxic gas generated during fire are absorbed and removed by mixing with water by the action of negative pressure according to the venturi principle. As mentioned above, since the fire door itself has the smoke control ability, it prevents the spread of smoke to the set smoke removal zone, fire room (living room), evacuation route corridors, stairs, etc. can be minimized

Among the high-temperature smoke and toxic gases generated during fire, gaseous and liquid particulate toxic gases are removed and cooled by dissolution and dilution in water, and solid particulate soot, soot, ultrafine dust, Fine dust, etc. is removed by physical adsorption.

The present invention is a subway station, underground facility and underground parking lot, various multi-use facilities, smoke control of tunnels, industrial solid particulate-based ultra-fine various dust removal [粉塵除去], military gas and liquid particulate-based, solid particulate System, various chemical and toxic gas detoxification equipment [除毒], commercial and hospital, agricultural-livestock sterilization [殺菌] and quarantine [防疫] equipment, gas and liquid particulate-based odor components are adsorbed and removed [吸着除去 of 惡臭成分] It can be applied in various fields such as

For convenience, smoke and gas are used interchangeably in the present invention. Smoke and gas mean the same thing.

1A is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passageway in a building according to the present invention.

As shown, the overall structure of the ventilation system of the present invention includes a fire detector 11, a control unit 12, a valve 13, a small hydro generator 15, an emergency lighting unit 16, an anion generator 17, and a smoke control system. device 20 .

The fire detector 11 is installed in various places inside the building to detect a fire, and when a fire occurs, the detected content is transmitted to the control unit 12 .

The control unit 12 controls the valve 13 while notifying people inside the building that a fire has occurred in various ways. That is, by opening the valve 13 , water for firefighting is supplied to the smoke control device 20 .

The small hydro generator 15 receives the kinetic energy of firefighting water (hereinafter, water) directed to the smoke control device 20 through the valve 13 and operates to produce electric power. Even if the entire building is cut off by a fire, electricity can be produced as long as water is supplied.

The power produced by the small hydro generator 15 is supplied to various power demanders, and in particular is applied to the emergency lighting unit 16 and the negative ion generator 17 .

The emergency lighting unit 16 irradiates light into the room as an LED lamp. A person in need can find an evacuation route by looking at the light of the emergency lighting unit 16 .

The negative ion generator 17 serves to collect and remove smoke, toxic gas, ultrafine dust, soot, soot, etc., floating with a positive charge. In other words, it binds to and sinks fine particles having a positive charge.

In addition, the smoke control device 20 includes a fire door 20A and a fire shutter 20B. The smoke control device 20 absorbs pyrotechnic heat, smoke and toxic gas, ultrafine dust, soot, soot, etc. concentrated in the upper layer of the fire site, and mixes it with water to lower the concentration of toxic substances, and furthermore, the fire door Prevents physical deformation or damage by cooling the fire shutter itself.

1B is a diagram for reference for explaining a situation when the ventilation system according to the present embodiment is applied to the entrance of a toilet in a building. When the ventilation system of this embodiment is applied to the toilet, it is possible to evacuate for almost an hour or more.

In a situation in which a fire occurs in a building, but it is difficult to evacuate quickly outside the building, people are evacuated to a separate evacuation space or toilet in the building. When a person evacuated to the bathroom presses the emergency operation bell, the control unit 12 is activated to automatically execute the ventilation operation according to the above-mentioned process. At this time, the ventilation fan in the bathroom may be converted to an air supply fan to receive oxygen from the outside. The toilet can be used as an emergency shelter. As such, the reason that the toilet can be designated as a separate evacuation space is to secure more golden time in a situation where rapid evacuation is difficult.

2A is a perspective view showing the external configuration of the fire door 20A in the ventilation system installed in the entrance passageway installed in the building according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a perspective view showing the external configuration of the fire door 20A when used as an evacuation shelter.

3 is an exploded perspective view of the door body 30 shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the door body.

As shown, the fire door 20A in the ventilation system 10 according to the first embodiment has a door body 30 and a door frame 50 . The door body 30 is, so to speak, a door leaf opened or closed by the user. In addition, the door frame 50 is a door frame that supports the door body 30 to be opened and closed.

The door body 30 has a door case 31, a door water supply pipe 35a, a door nozzle 35c, and a negative pressure inducing body 35e.

The door case 31 takes the shape of a square plate like a general door and includes a handle 33 . The door case 31 is made of an iron plate and provides a negative pressure space 31a therein. The negative pressure space 31a is a space in which the negative pressure formed by the negative pressure conductor 35e is maintained, and is also a mixing space in which smoke and water are mixed.

An intake port 31c is formed at an upper end of the front plate 31b of the door case 31 , and an exhaust port 31g is provided at a lower end of the rear plate 31f. The intake port 31c is a passage for guiding smoke generated during a fire into the negative pressure space 31a. The outlet 31g is a passage through which the smoke cooled in the negative pressure space 31a and the mixture of water and smoke are discharged.

The front side is the side facing the space where the fire occurred, and the rear side is the space where the fire does not spread.

In addition, although the intake port 31c is formed at the upper end of the front side in FIG. 3 and the discharge port 31g is located at the lower end of the rear side, according to an embodiment, the intake port 31c can be applied to both the front and rear upper ends. Similarly, the outlet (31g) may be formed in both the front and rear lower ends.

The door water supply pipe 35a is a horizontal pipe that guides water supplied from the outside to the inside of the door case 31 . The door water supply pipe (35a) is located at the rear of the intake port (31c). In addition, the door nozzle 35c serves to vertically eject the water introduced through the door water supply pipe 35a. The number of applications of the door nozzles 35c may vary.

The negative pressure inducing body 35e is formed by bending two iron plates in a round shape and arranging them to face the bent portions, and takes a shape with a constricted central portion. Water sprayed from the door nozzle 35c passes through the negative pressure conductor 35e and is accelerated to generate negative pressure according to the venturi effect. Since the venturi effect is general, a description thereof will be omitted.

The negative pressure formed by the negative pressure inducing body 35e acts to the outside of the door case 31 to attract surrounding smoke. Smoke around the fire door 20A is sucked into the door case 31 through the intake port 31c. The inhaled smoke descends in a mixed state with water and is discharged through the outlet 31g.

That is, smoke or toxic gas dust, fine dust, soot, soot, various unburned combustible gases, heat, etc. generated during a fire are mixed with water inside the door case 31, and the liquid particulate toxic gas is dissolved in water. It is removed by dissolution and dilution, and solid particulate-based soot, soot, ultrafine dust, and dust are removed by physical adsorption. For reference, the water-soluble poisonous gases hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) generated during fire are almost infinitely soluble in water, and hydrogen chloride (HCl) is very soluble in water, phosgene (COCl2), sulfurous acid gas (SO2) , nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), etc. are easily soluble in water.

A plurality of mixing spacers 36 are installed under the negative pressure inducing body 35e. The mixing spacer 36 serves to reinforce the strength of the door body 30 and colliding with the descending mixture of water and smoke to perform more active mixing, and to uniformly mix the water with the smoke. In other words, toxic substances are effectively mixed with water and removed by physical adsorption, dilution, and dissolution. The number of mixing spacers 36 may be variously changed, and may be arranged irregularly as shown in FIG. 14 .

5 is a side cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the door body of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 5 , it can be seen that the inlet 31c and the outlet 31g are formed on both surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the door case 31 . Since the intake and exhaust flow cross-sectional areas are expanded, more smoke can be treated.

6 to 11 are side views schematically showing the configuration of various negative pressure inducing bodies 35e that can be applied to the door body of FIG. 2 .

The negative pressure conductor 35e shown in FIG. 6A has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape and is fixed to the inward surfaces of the front plate 31b and the rear plate 31f. In addition, the door nozzle (35c) is located above the space between the negative pressure inducing body (35e).

The negative pressure conductor 35e of FIG. 6b is fixed to the inward surface of the front plate 31b. Also, the door nozzle 35c sprays water in an oblique direction. The sprayed water passes between the negative pressure conductor 35e and the rear plate 31f and is discharged to the lower side.

The negative pressure conductor 35e of FIG. 6c is fixed to the inward surface of the front plate 31b as in FIG. 7 . Also, the door nozzle 35c is disposed close to the rear plate 31f and discharges water vertically downward.

7A to 7C are views showing a negative pressure inducing body 35e having another structure.

The negative pressure conductor 35e shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C is characterized in that the door water supply pipe 35a is directly connected to the negative pressure conductor 35e, and the door nozzle 35c is installed in the negative pressure conductor 35e itself. have The water supplied through the door water supply pipe 35a fills the inside of the negative pressure inducing body 35e and then is ejected through the door nozzle 35c.

Water sprayed from the door nozzle (35c) rapidly turns into water vapor according to the high heat of smoke and toxic gas, and its volume at 1 atm, 100°C is approximately 1700 times, at 260°C, 2400 times, and at 650°C, 4200 times. Abnormally vaporizes and expands.

If the volume of the fluid passing through the inside of the flow field increases instantaneously, the flow rate tends to become faster. Therefore, the high-speed fluid, that is, the mixed fluid in which water vapor, gas, and water are complexly mixed, generates a venturi effect, and the negative pressure space 31a ) rapidly lowers the internal pressure to further amplify the suction power. As a result, high-speed fluid injection is made from the negative pressure conductor 35e due to vaporization and expansion of the mixed fluid (fluid in a state in which smoke and water are mixed), thereby greatly amplifying the suction power to suck in smoke and toxic gas.

8 is a view showing a negative pressure inductor 35e to which a reflector 35f and a support plate 35g are applied. The reflector 35f is a member installed under the negative pressure conductor 35e, and collides with the water and smoke mixture that has passed through the negative pressure conductor 35e. After the water and smoke collide with the reflector 35f, they escape to both ends in the width direction of the reflector 35f, and are accelerated once again. Accelerated means creating a negative pressure.

The support plate 35g is a plate-shaped member having a plurality of nozzle mounting holes 35k. The door nozzle (35c) is mounted on the nozzle installation port (35k). In addition, an intake port 35h is provided at a lower portion in the width direction of the support plate 35g. The intake port 35h is a passage through which smoke pulled by negative pressure is sucked in.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 9 , a gutter 35m may be further installed under the negative pressure inducing body 35e. The gutter (35m) is a water tray that receives the water passing through the negative pressure inducing body (35e) and guides it to the vertical pipe (35n). The vertical pipe 35n is a pipe for guiding water mixed with smoke to a vertical lower portion and discharging it to the outside.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10 , only one negative pressure conductor 35e may be applied. This was explained through FIGS. 6B and 6C. 11 is a view in which a gutter 35m and a vertical pipe 35n are installed under the negative pressure conductor 35e of FIG. 10 .

On the other hand, the door frame 50 is to support the opening and closing of the door for entry and exit in a state fixed to the entrance passage in the building. The door for entry and exit may be a general fire door or the door body 30 of the type shown in FIG. 3 .

The door frame 50 included in the ventilation apparatus 20 of the first embodiment has ventilation and cooling capabilities similarly to the door body 30 .

The door frame 50 has a frame case 51 , a frame pipe 53 , a frame nozzle 52 , and a negative pressure inducing body 55 .

The frame case 51 is, so to speak, a door frame having a rectangular shape. In the frame case 51, the above-described door or door body 30 is installed so as to be able to open and close.

The frame case 51 is made of an iron plate, and has a negative pressure space 51a as shown in FIG. 12 . The negative pressure space (51a) is a space in which the negative pressure formed by the negative pressure inducing body (55) is maintained. In addition, an intake port 51e is formed at the front upper end of the frame case 51 . The intake port 51e is a passage through which surrounding smoke flows into the negative pressure space 51a. In addition, an outlet (not shown) is formed at the lower rear end of the frame case 51 . The outlet is the passage through which the mixture of water and smoke exits.

The frame pipe 53 is a pipe for guiding water supplied from the outside to the inside of the frame case 51 , and is connected to the frame nozzle 52 . Water supplied through the frame pipe 53 is ejected downward through the frame nozzle 52 .

The negative pressure inducing element 55 passes the water sprayed through the frame nozzle 52 and forms a negative pressure according to the venturi effect. The negative pressure formed by the negative pressure inducing body 55 extends to the outside of the frame case 51 and pulls the smoke around the intake port 51e into the negative pressure space 51a.

Smoke flowing into the frame case 51 is removed through the same process as in the door body 30 and then discharged to the outside.

12 is a view showing a modified example of the fire door 20A included in the ventilation system installed in the entrance passageway in the building according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a view for explaining the operation of the high sealing seal and the moving hermetic seal shown in FIG. 12 .

The fire door 20A of FIG. 12 has a characteristic in which the door body 30 and the door frame 50 are combined. That is, the door frame 50 having the ventilation capability is coupled to the door body 30 having the ventilation capability.

Hereinafter, the same reference numerals as the above reference numerals indicate the same members having the same functions.

As shown, a support shaft 31h is formed in the door case 31 , and a shaft insertion hole 51c into which the support shaft 31h is fitted is provided in the frame case 51 .

The support shaft 31h is a rotation shaft of the door body 30 and is located at the upper end and lower end of the door case 31 . In FIG. 12, only the upper end side support shaft 31h is shown. It is natural that the upper and lower support shafts are located on the same central axis. The shaft insertion hole 51c is a hole for receiving the support shaft 31h. By inserting the support shaft 31h into the shaft insertion hole 51c, rotational movement of the door body 30 is possible.

In addition, a branch pipe 53c is installed inside the frame case 51 . The branch pipe 53c is a pipe connected to the frame pipe 53 and has a second sealing seal 54 at an end thereof. The branch pipe 53c is a guide pipe for guiding a portion of the water supplied through the frame pipe 53 to the door water supply pipe 35a.

On the other hand, the door body 30 and the door frame 50 interlock with each other in the closed state of the door body to provide a path through which the water in the branch pipe 53c can flow to the door water supply pipe 35a. A seal 32 and a second hermetic seal 54 are provided.

The first and second sealing seals 32 and 54 are elastic members made of heat-resistant rubber and have the same shape. The first sealing seal 32 is fixed to the end of the door water supply pipe 35a. In addition, the second sealing seal 54 is fixed to the end of the branch pipe 53c.

The first sealing seal 32 has a fixing ring 32a and an elastic blocking piece 32c. The fixing ring 32a is a ring-shaped member having a predetermined diameter, and is fitted into the first seal installation hole 31m of the door case 31 . The first seal installation hole 31m is a through hole for installing the fixing ring 32a.

The elastic cut-off piece (32c) is integrally formed on the inner circumferential surface of the fixed ring and is normally opened in a closed state by water pressure when water pressure is applied, as shown in FIG. Since the door water supply pipe (35a) is blocked by the first sealing seal (32), foreign substances cannot penetrate into the door water supply pipe (35a).

The second sealing seal 54 is composed of a fixed ring 54a of a certain diameter and a resilient cut-off piece 54c. The fixing ring 54a is coupled to the second seal installation hole 51m formed in the frame case 51 so as to be detachably fitted. The second seal installation hole 51m is a through hole provided for installing the fixing ring 54a.

In addition, the elastic blocking piece 54c is integrally formed on the inner circumferential surface of the fixing ring 54a and normally waits in a closed state and is opened by water pressure when water pressure is applied, as shown in FIG. 13c . The branch pipe 53c is blocked by the second sealing seal 54 so that foreign substances do not penetrate.

13A shows a state in which the door body 30 is opened, wherein the first sealing seal 32 and the second sealing seal 54 are spaced apart from each other. The first sealing seal 32 seals and protects the door water supply pipe 35a, and the second sealing seal 54 seals and protects the branch pipe 53c.

When the door body 30 is closed in the above state, the first sealing seal 32 moves to the second sealing seal 54 side, and is in close contact with each other as shown in FIG. 13B . The fixing ring of the fixing ring 32a of the first sealing seal and the fixing ring of the fixing ring 54a of the second sealing seal are in close contact with each other and constitute one conduit.

In this state, when a fire occurs and water is supplied, some of the water flows in the direction of the arrow F, pushes the elastic blocking pieces 32c and 54c to open them, and then moves to the door water supply pipe 35a. The elastic cut-off piece (32c, 54c) will be opened by water pressure. The elastic blocking pieces (32c, 54c) have elastic recovery properties and are restored to their initial positions when the water pressure is removed.

14 is a view showing another modified example of the fire door 20A in the ventilation system installed in the entrance passageway in the building according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The fire door 20A shown in Fig. 14 includes a door body 30 that can be opened and closed, and a door frame 50 that supports the door body.

The door body 30 has a door case 31 and a negative pressure inducing body 58, as described above. Of course, the intake port 31c and the discharge port 31g are formed at upper and lower ends of the front and rear surfaces of the door case 31 .

In particular, a plurality of through-type receiving holes 31k are formed at regular intervals at the upper end of the door case 31 . The receiving hole 31k is a through-type hole through which water sprayed from the frame nozzle 52 passes downward, and is closed with a sealing cap 57 . The sealing cap 57 is separated from the receiving hole 31k under the pressure of water sprayed from the frame nozzle 52 .

The negative pressure inducing element 58 is a member having a substantially hexagonal shape, and is disposed on the left and right sides of the lower portion of each receiving hole 31k. The jetted water passing through the receiving hole 31k passes between the negative pressure conductors 58 . Of course, while the jetted water passes through the negative pressure conductor 58, a negative pressure is formed according to the venturi effect.

A plurality of mixing spacers 36 are irregularly fixed to the lower portion of the negative pressure inducing body 58 . A description of the mixing spacer 36 has been dealt with above.

In addition, a frame pipe 53 is horizontally piped inside the door frame 50 , and a plurality of frame nozzles 52 are provided in the frame pipe 53 . The frame nozzle 52 serves to downwardly spray the water supplied through the frame pipe 53 .

In addition, a plurality of ejection passages (51g) are formed in the door frame (50). The ejection passage 51g is a through-type hole disposed corresponding to the upper portion of the receiving hole 31k and is blocked by the sealing cap 56 . The inner diameter of the ejection passage 51g is relatively smaller than the inner diameter of the receiving hole 31k. The sealing cap 56 is separated from the jet passage 51g by the pressure of the jet water sprayed from the frame nozzle 52, and then falls to the lower part together with the other sealing cap 57.

In the fire door 20A having the above configuration, when water is supplied through the frame pipe 53, the water passes through the ejection passage 51g and the receiving hole 31k, and then the negative pressure inductor inside the door case 31 ( 58) to form a negative pressure.

15 is a perspective view illustrating an external appearance of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passageway in a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a diagram schematically illustrating an internal configuration of the case shown in FIG. 15 . In addition, FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the multi-stage negative pressure inductor of FIG. 16 .

The smoke control device 20 of the smoke control system 10 according to the second embodiment is installed above the fire shutter 20B.

As is known, the fire shutter is installed in an unavoidable case where it is impossible to install a fire-resistant wall or a first-class fire door on the fire dividing line. The fire shutter is equipped with an opening/closing device (not shown) that can open and close the fire shutter by electric or manual operation, a smoke detector, and a detector.

The smoke control device 20 includes a mixing housing 61 , a frame pipe 53 , a plurality of nozzles 52 , and a negative pressure inducing body 63 .

The mixing housing 61 has a substantially hexahedral shape, and has an intake port 61a on the front surface and an exhaust port 61c on the bottom surface. The intake port 61a is a passage through which external smoke flows into the mixing housing 61 when a negative pressure is generated by the negative pressure inducing body 63 . \

In addition, the outlet (61c) is a hole through which the water mixed with the smoke falls out. The discharge port 61c is positioned so as to be as close to the fire shutter 20B as possible so that the fire shutter 20B is cooled by water.

The negative pressure inducing body 63 passes the water discharged from the nozzle 62 and ejects it, and has an internal configuration shown in FIG. 17 .

As shown in FIG. 17 , a spray tube 63b and a plurality of intake passages 63c are formed inside the negative pressure inducing body 63 . The injection passage 63b is a straight passage whose inner diameter is expanded along the flow direction of water. Further, the intake passage 63c is a hole that is opened in the lateral direction of the injection passage and allows the negative pressure formed in the injection passage to act to the outside.

18 is a view showing a modified example of a ventilation system installed in an entrance passage in a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, the negative pressure inducing body 63 is installed horizontally, and the intake port 61a is formed on the bottom surface of the mixing housing 61 . In addition, the discharge port 61c is opened by the fire shutter 20B in an inclined state.

When water is supplied through the frame pipe 53, the water passes through the nozzle 62 and the negative pressure inductor 63, collides with the induction slope 61e, and then flows down while riding the fire shutter 20B. At the same time, the external smoke passes upward through the intake port 61a, flows into the negative pressure inducing body 63, and is mixed with water.

As mentioned above, although the present invention has been described in detail through specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible by those of ordinary skill within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

10: Smoke control system 11: Fire detector 12: Control unit
13: valve 15: small hydro generator 16: emergency lighting
17: negative ion generator 20: smoke control device 20A: fire door
20B: Fire shutter 30: Door body 31: Door case
31a: negative pressure space 31b: front panel 31c: intake port
31f: Rear plate 31g: Outlet 31h: Support shaft
31k: receiving hole 31m: first seal installation hole 32: first sealing seal
32a: retaining ring 32c: elastic cut piece 33: handle
35a: door water supply pipe 35c: door nozzle 35e: negative pressure inductor
35f: Deflector 35g: Support plate 35h: Intake port
35k: Nozzle installation hole 35m: Gutter 36: Mixing spacer
50: door frame 51: frame case 51a: sound pressure space
51c: shaft insertion hole 51e: intake port 51g: ejection passage
51m: 2nd seal installation hole 52: Frame nozzle 53: Frame pipe
53c: branch tube 54: second sealing seal 54a: fixing ring
54c: elastic cutoff piece 55: negative pressure conductor 56, 57: sealing cap
58: negative pressure inductor 61: mixing housing 61a: intake port
61c: outlet 61e: induction slope 62: nozzle
63: negative pressure inductor 63b: injection passage 63c: intake passage

Claims (11)

It is installed so that it can be opened and closed in the entrance passage in the building,
a door case having an intake port and an exhaust port;
a door nozzle installed inside the door case and spraying water supplied from the outside;
The water sprayed from the door nozzle passes through, and while the water passes, it creates a negative pressure according to the venturi effect, sucks in the gas around the door case through the intake port, mixes the inhaled gas with water, and lowers it toward the outlet side. A door body including a derivative is provided,
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. It is to support the opening and closing of the entrance door in a state of being fixed to the entrance passage in the building,
a frame case having an intake port and an exhaust port;
a frame nozzle installed inside the frame case and spraying water supplied from the outside;
A negative pressure inductor that passes the water sprayed from the frame nozzle, creates a negative pressure according to the venturi effect while the water passes, sucks in the gas around the frame case through the intake, mixes the inhaled gas with water, and descends toward the outlet. having a door frame with
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. 3. The method of claim 2,
The entrance door is
a door case having an intake port and an exhaust port;
a door nozzle built into the door case and spraying water supplied from the outside;
A venturi body that passes water sprayed from the door nozzle through, creates negative pressure according to the venturi effect while the water passes, draws in gas around the door case through the intake port, mixes the inhaled gas with water, and descends toward the outlet side. Consisting of a door body having a
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. 4. The method of claim 3,
The door body and the door frame are provided with a first sealing seal and a second sealing seal to provide a path through which water can be supplied to the door nozzle by interworking with the door body in a closed state,
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. 5. The method of claim 4,
In the door case and the frame case, first and second installation holes in which the first and second sealing seals are installed are respectively formed,
The first hermetic seal;
A fixing ring that takes the shape of a ring and is fitted into the first seal installation hole, and an elastic blocking piece that is integrally formed on the inner circumferential surface of the fixing ring and that normally waits in a closed state and opens apart by water pressure when water pressure is applied; ,
a second hermetic seal;
A fixing ring that takes the shape of a ring and is fitted into the second seal installation hole, and an elastic blocking piece that is integrally formed on the inner circumferential surface of the fixing ring and normally waits in a closed state and opens open by water pressure when water pressure is applied;
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. A door case having an intake and an exhaust port and having a plurality of through-type receiving holes at the upper end, installed inside the door case, passing water that is ejected downward through the receiving hole, and forming a negative pressure according to the venturi effect, a door body having a negative pressure inducing element for inhaling gas through an intake port and mixing the intake gas with water to guide the gas toward the exhaust port;
A frame case that supports the door body so as to be able to open and close, which has an intake port and an exhaust port, and has a jet passage corresponding to the receiving hole one-to-one when the door body is closed, is installed inside the frame case and provides water supplied from the outside A door frame equipped with a nozzle for spraying water to a jet passage and allowing water to pass through a negative pressure inductor through a receiving hole is included.
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. 7. The method of claim 6,
In the receiving hole and the ejection passage, sealing caps that are separated and removed under the pressure of water when water is sprayed are mounted, respectively,
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. a mixing housing installed on the entrance and exit passages in the building and above the fire shutter and having an inlet and an outlet;
a plurality of nozzles built into the mixing housing and spraying water supplied from the outside;
It is installed on the lower side of the nozzle and allows the water sprayed from the nozzle to pass through. During the passage of water, a negative pressure according to the venturi effect is generated to inhale the gas around the mixing housing through the intake port, and the inhaled gas is mixed with water. provided with a negative pressure conductor to discharge,
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. 9. The method of claim 8,
The negative pressure conductor;
A spray passage whose inner diameter is expanded along the flow direction of water,
Having a plurality of intake passages that are open in the lateral direction of the injection passage and allow the negative pressure formed in the injection passage to act to the outside,
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. 8. The method of any one of claims 1 or 3 to 7,
A mixing spacer that collides with the sprayed water and mixes the water with the gas is further installed inside the door case,
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A small hydroelectric generator that generates electricity by receiving the kinetic energy of water supplied in case of a fire;
an emergency lighting unit operated by receiving power from a small hydro generator;
The negative ion generator is further included to collect and remove positively charged particles in the gas by outputting negative ions.
A ventilation system installed in the entrance passage in the building.

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