KR20220058640A - 텍스쳐화된 표면 층을 갖는 pcbn계 물질을 갖는 마찰 교반 용접 공구 인서트 - Google Patents
텍스쳐화된 표면 층을 갖는 pcbn계 물질을 갖는 마찰 교반 용접 공구 인서트 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/355—Texturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
- B23K26/3584—Increasing rugosity, e.g. roughening
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
도 1은, 마찰 교반 용접 공구의 부분적인 측면도를 도시하는 것이다.
도 2는, 도 1의 공구, 공구 홀더, 및 상기 공구를 상기 공구 홀더에 고정하는 고정 칼라(locking collar)를 포함하는 공구 어셈블리의 측면도이다.
도 3은, 주요 상을 보여주는 공구 인서트 물질의 X-선 회절 궤적이다.
도 4는, 도 3의 X-선 회절 궤적의 확대도이다.
도 5는, 500배 배율에서의 공구 인서트 미세구조의 주사 전자 현미경(SEM)의 현미경 사진이다.
도 6은, 1000배 배율에서의 공구 인서트 미세구조의 SEM 현미경 사진이다.
도 7은, 유사한 cBN 그레인들 간의 거리가 어떻게 측정되었는지에 대한 개략도이다.
도 8은, 공구 물질의 cBN 그레인 크기 분포를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 9는, 공구 인서트 물질의 cBN 그레인들 간의 거리를 최근접 거리(d)(μm)로서 도시하는 그래프이다.
도 10은, 공구 인서트 미세구조와 비교하기 위해, 공지된 TiN/Al PCBN 물질의 미세구조를 2000배 배율로 도시하는 SEM 현미경 사진이다.
도 11은, 도 10의 TiN/Al PCBN 물질의 cBN 그레인 크기 분포를 도시하는 그래프이다.
도 12는, TiN/Al PCBN 물질의 cBN 그레인들 간의 거리를 최근접 거리(d)(μm))로서 도시하는 그래프이다.
도 13은, 15,000배 배율에서의 공구 인서트 미세구조 내의 cBN 그레인의 SEM 현미경 사진이다.
도 14는, cBN 그레인을 적어도 부분적으로 커버리지하는 반응 층을 나타내는, 도 13의 SEM 현미경 사진의 처리된 사본이다.
도 15는, 반응 층의 두께를 계산할 목적으로 추출된, 반응 층만을 나타내는, 도 13의 SEM 현미경 사진의 처리된 사본이다.
도 16은, 반응 층의 두께 분포를 도시하는 그래프이다.
도 17은, 누프(Knoop) 경도 압흔(indentation)의 1000배 배율에서의 처리된 SEM 현미경 사진이다.
도 18은, 소결된 PCBN 물질을 제조하는 예시적인 방법을 도시하는 흐름도이다.
도 19는, 추가적인 임의적 하위-단계를 갖는 도 18의 예시적인 방법을 도시하는 흐름도이다.
도 20은, 소결된 물질에서 cBN 그레인의 그레인 선명도를 나타내는 그래프이다.
도 21은, 도 1의 마찰 교반 용접 공구 인서트 상의 3개의 다른 위치에서의 표면 깊이의 변화를 도시하는 편집 이미지이다.
도 22는, 공구 인서트의 위에서 본 평면도, 및 특히, 공구 인서트의 성형 동안 레이저 삭마에 의해 수득된 표면 형상을 도시하는 이미지이다.
도 23은, 공구 인서트의 위에서 본 평면도, 및 역시, 공구 인서트의 성형 동안 레이저 삭마에 의해 수득된 표면 형상을 도시하는 추가의 이미지이다.
Claims (19)
- 광학 현미경 또는 주사 전자 현미경에 의해 결정된 텍스쳐화된(textured) 표면 층을 갖는 다결정질 입방정 질화붕소(PCBN) 복합체 물질을 포함하는 마찰 교반 용접 공구 인서트(friction stir welding tool insert)로서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층은 사전-정의된 반복 패턴을 포함하는, 공구 인서트. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 공구 인서트가 교반 핀 및 숄더(shoulder)를 포함하고,
상기 교반 핀이 둥근 정점(apex)으로부터 상기 숄더까지 연장되는, 공구 인서트. - 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이, 절두형(truncated) 피라미드, 직육면체, 틈새(crevice), 릿지(ridge), 및 홈(groove) 중 하나로부터 선택된 복수의 표면 특징부(feature)를 포함하는, 공구 인서트. - 제3항에 있어서,
상기 복수의 표면 특징부가, 특징적인 반복 거리를 국부적으로 나타내는, 공구 인서트. - 제3항 또는 제4항에 있어서,
상기 복수의 표면 특징부가 균일한 크기를 갖는, 공구 인서트. - 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 상기 공구 인서트의 코어와 균질한, 공구 인서트. - 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이, 사용 시 공구의 기계적 회전 축과 정렬된 방향으로 0.5 내지 50 μm의 특징적인 수직 진폭을 갖는, 공구 인서트. - 제7항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 약 40 μm의 진폭을 갖는, 공구 인서트. - 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층의 커버리지(coverage)가 상기 공구 인서트의 전체 표면에 걸쳐 연장되는, 공구 인서트. - 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 상기 공구 인서트 상의 사전-결정된 대역에만 제공된, 공구 인서트. - 제10항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 상기 공구 인서트의 작업면에 제공된, 공구 인서트. - 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,
제2항에 따른 경우, 상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이, 상기 교반 핀이 상기 숄더와 합쳐지는 영역에 제공된, 공구 인서트. - 제10항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
제2항에 따른 경우, 상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이, 상기 숄더의 반경의 3분의 1에 반경 방향으로 위치된 제1 경계와 상기 숄더의 반경의 3분의 2에 반경 방향으로 위치된 제2 경계 사이에서 연장되는 영역에 제공된, 공구 인서트. - 제13항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 상기 제1 경계와 상기 제2 경계 사이의 표면에 걸쳐 적어도 부분적으로 연장되는, 공구 인서트. - 제13항 또는 제14항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 상기 제1 경계와 상기 제2 경계 사이의 표면 전체에 걸쳐 연장되는, 공구 인서트. - 제1항 내지 제15항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 0.5 내지 5 μm의 표면 거칠기(Sa)를 갖는, 공구 인서트. - 제16항에 있어서,
상기 텍스쳐화된 표면 층이 1 내지 2 μm의 표면 거칠기(Sa)를 갖는, 공구 인서트. - 제1항 내지 제17항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 PCBN 복합체 물질이, 텅스텐-레늄 매트릭스를 포함하는 매트릭스 물질에 분산된 입방정 질화붕소(cBN) 입자를 포함하는, 공구 인서트. - 제18항에 있어서,
상기 PCBN 복합체 물질이, 상기 매트릭스 물질 내의 cBN 입자를 적어도 부분적으로 코팅하는 알루미늄 화합물을 포함하는, 공구 인서트.
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GBGB1918891.1A GB201918891D0 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Friction stir welding using a PCBN-based tool |
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PCT/EP2020/087346 WO2021123398A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-12-19 | Friction stir welding tool insert with a pcbn-based material having a textured surface layer |
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GB201918891D0 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-05 | Element Six Uk Ltd | Friction stir welding using a PCBN-based tool |
GB201918892D0 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-05 | Element Six Uk Ltd | Friction stir welding using a PCBN-based tool containing superalloys |
JP7596088B2 (ja) * | 2020-07-09 | 2024-12-09 | 株式会社Uacj | 摩擦攪拌点接合装置及び摩擦攪拌点接合方法 |
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