KR20220057698A - Integrated renewal water free biofloc aquaculture system - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, a non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system comprises: an aquaculture water tank formed to breed fish and formed to supply air and oxygen to breeding water; and a microbial activating tank individually connected to an inlet side and an outlet side of the aquaculture water tank to circulate the breeding water to be supplied to the aquaculture water tank in a closed loop and formed to decompose ammonia, excretion, and other organic residues, which are generated during an aquaculture process of the fish by activating germs, supply biofloc, which can be converted into feed for fish, to the breeding water, and stabilize water quality.

Description

Non-return type biofloc aquaculture system {INTEGRATED RENEWAL WATER FREE BIOFLOC AQUACULTURE SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system.

Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms such as fish and molluscs, and activities such as regular release, feeding, and protection from pirates are involved in the rearing process to increase production. Overfishing of aquatic resources for population growth and food supply, environmental pollution, and habitat destruction can no longer be solved by catching fisheries alone, and raising fisheries is emerging as an alternative. In addition to the basic role of supplying food resources, aquaculture is increasingly important because it can preserve the natural environment, form and maintain local communities, and obtain external economic effects.

Aquaculture methods vary greatly depending on the target organism, location, and environmental conditions, and aquaculture technology also varies accordingly. Flow-through culture is an aquaculture method that allows water to flow into the pond, and has the advantage of increasing the breeding density, but has a problem in that the amount of water used is significantly higher than other methods. Circulation filtration aquaculture is a method that circulates water in a tank and continues to use it. It can be cultured even in places with little water and can increase production per unit area. On the other hand, there is a disadvantage in that there are many facilities such as water treatment equipment for filtration and reuse of breeding water, and operation expenses such as electricity are high. Despite these advantages, in the circulation filtration method, it is difficult to control the water quality stably due to an increase in toxic ammonia and an increase in toxic organic matter such as excrement, residual feed, and carcasses, making it difficult to exclude the amount of water returned and discharged water. .

* Related prior literature

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1837549 (registered on March 6, 2018)

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1883172 (Registered on July 24, 2018)

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-074761 (published on May 21, 2020)

An object of the present invention is to provide a water-free biofloc aquaculture system capable of sustainable, high-density, no-return aquaculture by enabling microbial activity and stable water quality management in implementing aquaculture systems using bioflocs.

Another object related to the present invention is to install a microbial activation tank, activate the bacteria of biofloc contained in the breeding water of the aquaculture tank, and remove organic solids so that the water quality of the breeding water can be stably managed.

Another object related to the present invention is to increase the efficiency of water quality management by providing a means for removing organic solids between the microbial activation tanks in multiple stages.

A non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system related to the present invention includes: a culture tank configured to breed fish, and to supply air and oxygen to breeding water; And it is connected to the inlet side and the outlet side of the aquaculture tank, respectively, is provided to circulate the breeding water to be supplied to the aquaculture tank, and ammonia, excrement and other organic residues generated in the process of fish farming are activated by bacteria. It may include a microbial activation tank, which is formed to be decomposed and convertible biofloc into the fish feed to the breeding water and to stabilize the water quality.

As an example related to the present invention, the microbial activation tank may include: a first microbial activation tank connected to the water outlet side of the aquaculture tank and formed to primarily activate microorganisms; and a second microbial activation tank connected to the first microbial activation tank and configured to secondaryly activate the breeding water that has passed through the first microbial activation tank.

As an example related to the present invention, the second microbial activation tank is formed to have a low water level with respect to the first microbial activation tank, and the breeding water overflows at the connection part between the first microbial activation tank and the second microbial activation tank can be formed.

As an example related to the present invention, the water-free biofloc aquaculture system further includes a biosponge disposed in the connection part and formed to filter organic solids contained in breeding water overflowing from the first microbial activation tank. may include

As an example related to the present invention, the water-free biofloc aquaculture system may further include a receiving unit capable of accommodating the biosponge.

As an example related to the present invention, the first microbial activation tank and the second microbial activation tank may be formed to be divided by a partition wall, and the accommodating part may be formed in a box shape parallel to the partition wall.

As an example related to the present invention, the biosponge may be formed to be filled to a height of 1/2 in the receiving part.

As an example related to the present invention, the water-free biofloc aquaculture system is connected to the water outlet side of the microbial activation tank, receives the breeding water that has passed through the microbial activation tank to grow plants, and the breeding water is the aquaculture tank It can be formed to be supplied to.

As an example related to the present invention, the water-free biofloc aquaculture system further includes an acidity control unit installed in the first microbial active tank and configured to adjust the pH (pH) of the breeding water in the first microbial active tank. can do.

As an example related to the present invention, the aquaculture tank includes: a tank body formed to store breeding water; a first pump installed to create a water flow of the breeding water within the tank body; an oxygen generator configured to generate oxygen; an oxygen dissolving unit connected to the water outlet side of the first pump and configured to dissolve oxygen supplied from the oxygen generator; and an air ring formed to diffuse air bubbles along the circumferential direction at the lower center of the water tank body to prevent sedimentation of solids due to a decrease in the speed of the vortex flow of the breeding water.

As an example related to the present invention, the non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system includes: a second pump installed in the first microbial activation tank and formed to create a water flow; a first oxygen supply unit connected to the oxygen generator to supply oxygen to the first microbial activation tank; and a second oxygen supply unit connected to the oxygen generator to supply oxygen to the second microbial activation tank.

According to the non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system related to the present invention, a microbial activation tank is provided separately from the aquaculture tank so that breeding water can circulate between the microbial activation tank and the aquaculture tank. By removing nitrogen compounds and solids, such as ammonia and nitrite, which are toxic to aquaculture organisms, stable water quality management is possible, and aquaculture productivity can be further improved.

According to another example related to the present invention, it is possible to adjust the strength of the moving breeding water by additionally installing a valve at the coupling portion.

According to another example related to the present invention, microbial activity and stable water quality can be managed by stepping the microbial activation tank into the first microbial activation tank and the second microbial activation tank.

According to another example related to the present invention, since the water level of the second microbial activation tank is lower than that of the first microbial activation tank, and organic solids contained in the overflowing breeding water can be removed using a bio-sponge, the water quality can be further improved It can be managed stably.

According to another example related to the present invention, by installing a plant cultivation unit on the water outlet side of the microbial activation tank and supplying breeding water having a high oxygen content and nitrogen source through the microbial activation tank to grow plants, eco-friendly breeding water It is possible to purify and reduce toxicity and reduce the nutrient cost for plant cultivation, making it possible to implement an aquaponics system that efficiently produces fish and plants at the same time.

1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system related to the present invention.
2 is a view schematically showing the assembly of the first pump 233 is equipped with an oxygen dissolving unit 352 in relation to the present invention.
3 is a view schematically showing a microbial activation tank 300 related to the present invention.
4 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a combination of an aquaponics system as another example of a non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system related to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system related to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the water-free biofloc aquaculture system 100 related to the present invention includes a culture tank 200 in which fish, etc., which are to be cultured, are reared, and a microbial activity that stabilizes the water quality of the breeding water contained in the aquaculture tank 200 . including the jaw 300 . The breeding water is configured to circulate between the aquaculture tank 200 and the microbial activation tank 300 in a closed loop form. To this end, the water source side 201 and the water outlet side 202 of the aquaculture tank 200 are respectively connected to the water outlet side 301 and the water source side 302 of the microbial activation tank 300 . It is configured such that the breeding water passes through the microbial activation tank 300 to activate the microorganisms and flow back into the aquaculture tank 200 for the generation and subsequent maintenance of biofloc to be added to the breeding water of the aquaculture tank 200 . In this way, the method of separately configuring and circulating the microbial activation tank 300 for the aquaculture tank 200 is different from generating the biofloc in the beginning and inputting it to the aquaculture tank once or intermittently manually.

The aquaculture tank 200 has a tank body 210 formed to store breeding water. The tank body 210 may have a substantially circular shape to facilitate circulation of breeding water. At the bottom of the water tank body 210, a plurality of air stones 220 capable of generating air bubbles may be disposed along the circumferential direction.

A first pump 240 may be disposed on one side of the aquaculture tank 200 so that the breeding water can make a forced water flow in the tank body 210 . Accordingly, the breeding water forms a circular water flow along the tank body 210 . The biofloc aquaculture system is designed to enable high-density, no-exchange breeding by proliferating microorganisms. However, for microbial activity and stable water quality management, a high level of dissolved oxygen (9mg/ℓ) is supplied and continuous water flow is maintained to prevent anaerobic deposition. It is important to generate This anaerobic deposition of organic matter increases the concentration of ammonia and nitrite, making it difficult to manage water quality for rearing aquaculture organisms. Cultured organisms cause respiratory distress, loss of equilibrium, convulsions, failure of osmotic and ion control, and hypersensitivity reactions due to the concentration of ammonia and nitrous acid. To solve this, an air ring 230, an oxygen dissolving unit 252, etc. may be provided.

The air ring 230 is formed in a ring type to prevent organic solids from precipitating in the low flow velocity region of the center of the circulating water flow generated by the first pump 240 . A blower 231 may be provided on one side of the aquaculture tank 200 to continuously supply air to the air ring 230 . The air ring 230 is in the form of a sponge with many micropores, and the generated micro air bubbles rise while supplying oxygen to the breeding water and rise at the same time to create an upward water flow. In this process, organic matter or plaque moves along the water flow again without being deposited or aggregated on the bottom.

2 is a view schematically showing the assembly of the first pump 233 is equipped with an oxygen dissolving unit 352 in relation to the present invention. The biofloc aquaculture system mainly uses heterotrophic microorganisms to decompose residual feed and excrement (protein and organic matter) of aquaculture organisms. At this time, since a large amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) is required for microbial activity and mass growth, it is preferable that a high concentration of dissolved oxygen be supplied for stable water quality maintenance in the biofloc aquaculture system. Accordingly, the amount of dissolved oxygen can be maximized by using the oxygen dissolver 352 in addition to the high-purity oxygen supplied from the oxygen generator 251 . Since organic matter and plaque generated in the biofloc aquaculture system should be continuously floated without being deposited, a separate device for generating water flow is required. As the biofloc breeding water absorbed by the first pump 233 through the inlet 236 passes through the oxygen dissolver 352, finely broken oxygen droplets with higher purity permeate into the water, and into the water tank through the outlet 237 As it is input, a water flow is generated at the same time, so that the biofloc breeding water continuously rotates and floats repeatedly.

3 schematically shows a microbial activation tank 300 related to the present invention. The microbial activation tank 300 is connected to the aquaculture tank 200 by pipes 205 and 206 . In the biofloc breeding water flowing from the biofloc aquaculture tank to the microbial activation tank 300, the amount of solid matter (total suspended matter) composed of organic matter and plaque increases. Since a large amount of solid matter is a factor that hinders the respiration and growth of aquaculture organisms, it is important to reduce the amount of solid matter and to activate microorganisms that will decompose it. For this purpose, the microbial activation tank 300 is connected to the inlet side and the outlet side of the aquaculture tank 200, respectively, and is provided to circulate the breeding water to be supplied to the aquaculture tank 200, and ammonia generated in the process of aquaculture of fish , feces and other organic residues are decomposed by activating bacteria, and biofloc that can be converted into fish feed is supplied to breeding water and plays a role in stabilizing the water quality.

According to FIG. 3 , the microbial activation tank 300 is formed in a multi-step form. That is, the microbial activation tank 300 is connected to the first microbial activation tank 310, which is connected to the outlet side of the aquaculture tank 200 to primarily activate microorganisms, and the first microbial activation tank 310 to supply breeding water. It may include a second microbial activation tank 320 formed to be capable of secondary activation. In addition, in some cases, it may have three or more stages of microbial activation tank.

A second pump 305 may be disposed inside the first microbial activation tank 310 to create a water flow for breeding water. The first microbial activation tank 310 has a relatively large amount of solid matter, so strong aeration is required, and for this purpose, an air stone 330 and a ceramic oxygen stone 341 may be provided. The second microbial activation tank 320 may also be provided with an air stone 330 and a ceramic oxygen stone 342 for aeration.

As a method for further reducing the reduced solids in the first microbial activation tank 310 , the breeding water may be moved from the first microbial activation tank 310 to the second microbial activation tank 320 with a difference in water level. To this end, the first microbial activation tank 310 and the second microbial activation tank 320 are formed to be divided by a partition wall 350, and the first microbial activation tank 300 and the second microbial activation tank 300 ) is configured so that the breeding water overflows in the connection part 365 between them. The connection part 365 may be provided with a bio-sponge 360 for filtering organic solids contained in the breeding water overflowing from the first microbial activation tank 310 . In order to place the biosponge 360 , a box-shaped accommodating part 361 parallel to the partition wall 350 may be separately formed. The biosponge 360 may be configured to be filled to a height of 1/2 in the receiving part 360 . The moved biofloc breeding water is moved back to the biofloc aquaculture tank 200 through the underwater motor of the second microbial activation tank 320 or by a water level difference, thereby operating the circulation system.

In general, when cultured organisms are raised, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the water increases and the acidity (pH) decreases. Low pH reduces the activity of very important microorganisms in the biofloc, so it is necessary to maintain the pH 7 ~ 8 range. To raise the pH, sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate) can be mainly used, but when sodium bicarbonate is added, the water quality changes rapidly. Accordingly, if sodium bicarbonate is added to the first microbial activation tank 310, the water quality of the second microbial activation tank 320 may be more stabilized. In this way, in the first microbial activation tank 310 to detect and control the acidity, an acidity control unit 380 for adjusting the pH of the breeding water may be separately provided.

4 is another example (100') of the non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system related to the present invention, and schematically shows a combination of an aquaponics system.

In this example, it is connected to the water outlet side 301 of the microbial activation tank 300 , and receives breeding water that has passed through the microbial activation tank 300 to grow plants, and the breeding water is transferred to the aquaculture tank 200 through the recovery pipe 406 . ), which is formed so as to be supplied to the plant, shows that the aquaponics system is implemented by being provided with the plant cultivation unit 400 . The plant cultivation unit 400 may include a cultivation table in which a space is formed so that biofloc breeding water can be stored from an inlet pipe connected to the exit side 301 of the microbial activation tank 300 . One or more oxygen supply devices 420 may be installed inside the culture bed. A valve may be installed in the breeding water pipe 205 and the return pipe 406 to control the inflow and outflow amounts.

The cultivation table may be formed in a structure in which cultivation distributions can be fixed during conventional hydroponics. Cultivated plants, seedlings, and seeds are planted after filling with filler. As a filler, artificial soil such as rock wool, cocopeat, perlite, etc., sponge or Styrofoam, which are generally used for hydroponics, can be used. can be partially filtered. The cultivation area may be formed of a material such as mangji with good permeability so that the cultivated water can sufficiently reach the cultivated plants.

In the case of hydroponics using breeding water in the existing circulation filtration system, it is impossible to directly supply breeding water as cultivation water, and it was provided after adjusting the nutrient solution concentration. As breeding water containing nutrients necessary for fermentation, high dissolved oxygen, and plant cultivation through the tank 300, a series of fertilization (nutrient liquefaction) processes are not required.

In addition, organic matter such as ammonia generated as sludge in the breeding water flowing into the plant cultivation unit 400 provides nitrogen, which is a nutrient necessary for plant cultivation, so that the plant absorbs organic substances before use as breeding water. There is a possible effect.

In this way, it is possible to activate microorganisms and remove solids naturally while going through the microbial activation tank 300, and to recycle organic matter into biofloc to remove sludge and organic matter, to ferment BFT breeding water, and to grow plants. It is possible to reduce the risk of diseases from the outside by circulating the breeding water in a closed circuit, to reduce heating costs by minimizing the inflow of groundwater, and to prevent environmental problems because there is no discharge water. Reduction of toxicity risk during fish breeding by removing ammonia and nitrite nitrogen from fish breeding through plant cultivation. there are advantages to

The configuration and method of the described embodiments are not limited to the water exchange-free biofloc aquaculture system related to the present invention. The above embodiments may be configured by selectively combining all or part of each of the embodiments so that various modifications can be made.

100: no water exchange type biofloc aquaculture system
200: Aquaculture tank 201: Intake side
202: outlet side 205, 206: breeding water pipe
210: tank body 220: air stone
230: air ring 231: blower
233: air connection pipe 240: first pump
251: oxygen generator 252: oxygen dissolving unit
253: oxygen connector 300: microorganism activation tank
301: exit side 302: intake side
305: second pump 310: first microbial activation tank
320: second microbial activation tank 330: air stone
341, 342: oxygen stone 350: partition wall
360: bio sponge 361: receiving part
365: connection unit 380: acidity control unit
400: plant cultivation unit

Claims (11)

Formed to be able to breed fish, the aquaculture tank formed to supply air and oxygen to the breeding water; and
It is connected to the inlet side and the outlet side of the aquaculture tank, respectively, and is provided to circulate the breeding water to be supplied to the aquaculture tank, and ammonia, excrement and other organic residues generated in the process of fish farming are activated by bacteria. A non-water exchange type biofloc aquaculture system, comprising a microbial activation tank, which is formed to supply biofloc that can be decomposed and converted into food of the fish to the breeding water and stabilize the water quality.
According to claim 1,
The microbial activation tank,
a first microbial activation tank connected to the water outlet side of the aquaculture tank and formed to primarily activate microorganisms; and
Connected to the first microbial activation tank, and comprising a second microbial activation tank formed to be capable of secondary activation of the breeding water passed through the first microbial activation tank, no water exchange type biofloc aquaculture system.
3. The method of claim 2,
The second microbial activation tank is formed to have a low water level with respect to the first microbial activation tank,
A non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system formed so that the breeding water can overflow at the connection part between the first microbial activation tank and the second microbial activation tank.
4. The method of claim 3,
The non-exchange type biofloc aquaculture system, which is disposed on the connection part and further comprises a biosponge formed to filter organic solids contained in the breeding water overflowing from the first microbial activation tank.
5. The method of claim 4,
A non-return type biofloc aquaculture system, further comprising a accommodating part capable of accommodating the bio-sponge.
6. The method of claim 5,
The first microbial activation tank and the second microbial activation tank are formed to be divided by a partition wall,
The receiving part is formed in the form of a box parallel to the partition wall, a non-return type biofloc aquaculture system.
7. The method of claim 6,
The biosponge is formed to be filled to a height of 1/2 in the receiving part, a non-return type biofloc aquaculture system.
According to claim 1,
It is connected to the water outlet side of the microbial activation tank, and receives the breeding water that has passed through the microbial activation tank to grow plants and the breeding water further includes a plant cultivation unit configured to be supplied to the aquaculture tank. Biofloc aquaculture system.
3. The method of claim 2,
Installed in the first microbial activation tank, and further comprising an acidity control unit formed to control the acidity (pH) of the breeding water of the first microbial activation tank, no water exchange type biofloc aquaculture system.
3. The method of claim 2,
The aquaculture tank is
A tank body formed to store breeding water;
a first pump installed to create a water flow of the breeding water within the tank body;
an oxygen generator configured to generate oxygen;
an oxygen dissolving unit connected to the water outlet side of the first pump and configured to dissolve oxygen supplied from the oxygen generator; and
A non-return type biofloc aquaculture system, including an air ring, formed to diffuse air bubbles along the circumferential direction in the lower center of the tank body to prevent sedimentation of solids due to a decrease in the speed of the vortex flow of the breeding water.
11. The method of claim 10,
a second pump installed in the first microbial activation tank and formed to create a water flow;
a first oxygen supply unit connected to the oxygen generator to supply oxygen to the first microbial activation tank; and
and a second oxygen supply unit connected to the oxygen generator to supply oxygen to the second microbial activation tank.

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