KR20220020622A - Smoke control system and the control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smoke control apparatus and a control method thereof. In accordance with the present invention, in case of a fire, an air supply damper of every floor is opened, and an exhaust damper of every floor is closed while only an exhaust damper of the floor where the fire occurs is opened to discharge introduced air in an indoor area to the outside, wherein the exhaust damper of the fire occurrence floor is formed to be automatically opened and closed by differential pressure between the indoor area and an ancillary room, and, thus, when the differential pressure between the indoor area and the ancillary room is greater than a set value, the exhaust damper is closed to lower the differential pressure to enable a fire door of the ancillary room to be easily opened at anytime such that safe evacuation or a firefighting activity can be performed. In particular, in accordance with the present invention, since the differential pressure between the indoor area and the ancillary room is controlled to be maintained at 20-80Pa, anyone can easily open the fire door of the ancillary room and can safely escape or perform a firefighting activity through stairs connected with the ancillary room.

Description

Smoke control device and control method thereof

The present invention relates to a smoke control control device and a control method therefor, and more particularly, when a fire occurs, the air supply damper on the entire floor is opened, and the exhaust damper opens only the fire floor and the air supply damper is opened, so that the As it is a method of discharging air, by comparing the differential pressure between the annex and the interior with a preset setting value, the exhaust damper is controlled to open and close. It allows evacuees to safely evacuate to the smoke control area through ancillary rooms, or firefighters can easily enter the fire floor to extinguish the fire.

In general, smoke control facilities refer to facilities installed in the control area determined by the fire safety standards for smoke control facilities in accordance with the 「Fire Prevention, Installation, Maintenance, and Safety Management of Fire Protection Act」 (abbreviated “Fire Protection Facility Act”). Such a smoke control facility, as shown in the following (Patent Document 1) to (Patent Document 3), controls the internal pressure of the annex installed between the stairs and the interior to block the toxic gas generated indoors from flowing into the annex. say

(Patent Document 1) Korean Patent No. 10-2113241

When controlling the differential pressure damper and smoke damper installed in each smoke control room, the differential pressure damper on all floors is opened and the smoke damper on the fire floor is opened. activity can be done In addition, by manually controlling the controller for firefighting activities, only the differential pressure damper and the smoke damper in the smoke control annex of the fire floor are open, so that outdoor air can be intensively supplied to the fire floor so that firefighting activities can be carried out safely. In addition, by adding a temperature sensor and fine dust sensor to the smoke control room and using it as a ventilation system in normal times, you can check the temperature and fine dust concentration of the smoke control room in real time to create a comfortable indoor environment, and if there is no fire, It is possible to increase the maintenance effect of ventilation facilities that become idle facilities.

(Patent Document 2) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0088239

It relates to a ventilation system, in a ventilation system for supplying outdoor air to an air control area of a building having an indoor area, an air control area and an evacuation area inside, a ventilation fan guiding outdoor air to the air control area, and outdoor air by a ventilation fan It includes a blower for blowing air, a damper for controlling the flow of outside air through the ventilation path, and a control unit for controlling the blower and the damper. In the event of a fire, the control unit controls the blower and the smoke control damper to increase the air pressure (Pd) between the air pressure of the indoor area of the indoor area and the air pressure of the air control area of the control area to a preset standard differential pressure (Pds) of the control area to supply outdoor air to the control area. When the air differential pressure (Pd) is lower than the preset minimum ventilation standard differential pressure (Pdm), the output of the blower is increased to increase the air differential pressure (Pd) to the minimum ventilation standard differential pressure (Pdm), and the air differential pressure (Pd) is When the air differential pressure (Pd) rises to the minimum ventilation standard differential pressure (Pdm) and exceeds the minimum ventilation standard differential pressure (Pdm), the blower operates at a preset minimum output to reduce the air differential pressure (Pd) to the minimum ventilation standard differential pressure (Pdm) ) and then increase the output of the blower again to increase the air differential pressure (Pd) up to the smoke control standard differential pressure (Pds).

(Patent Document 3) Korean Patent No. 10-1920894

The smoke control system integrated control system includes: a fire detection facility for detecting a fire; a state detection unit for detecting the state of the front room; Ventilation facilities for ventilation in all rooms; a local control unit for controlling the ventilation system; When a fire is detected by the fire detection facility, it receives information on whether the ventilation facility is in operation from the local control unit of the ventilation facility, and when it does not operate, it includes a fire receiver that directly controls the operation of the smoke control facility that has not been operated do. Accordingly, it is possible to analyze the fire and maintain the differential pressure and the smoke-proof wind speed on the floor that is actually needed through priority control by the control area grade.

However, the existing ventilation equipment has the following problems.

(1) Existing smoke control equipment installs supply air dampers in annexed rooms and exhaust dampers indoors. When a fire occurs, all air supply dampers are opened and only the exhaust dampers of the fire floor are opened at the same time. At this time, the exhaust damper leaks through the fire door, etc. of the inlet air supplied to the annex through the supply air damper, or the inlet air filled in the ancillary room as the fire door is opened. .

(2) Accordingly, when the fire door is closed, differential pressure occurs in the annex and indoors. If the pressure difference is greater than the legal standard for opening the fire door, the fire door cannot be opened.

(3) This may lead to fatal accidents because the evacuee cannot open the fire door and cannot use the stairs when trying to evacuate through the stairs from the inside through the annex.

(4) In addition, when firefighters try to enter the floor where the fire occurred through the annex to extinguish the fire, if the differential pressure is too great, it is necessary to open the fire door by applying strong force to it. Therefore, it may be difficult to extinguish the fire because the fire door cannot be opened.

(5) Therefore, it may take a long time to enter the interior of the fire floor, so it may take a long time to extinguish the fire, or it may be impossible to rescue the evacuees who failed to evacuate from the fire floor.

As a result, the problem with the existing method is that as the pressure difference between the annex and the interior is maintained above the legal standard by supplying and exhausting the fire floor at the same time, it is impossible to open the fire door from the indoor to the annex, making evacuation impossible. There was always a very big problem that led to the

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2113241 (Registration Date: 2020.05.19) Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0088239 (published date: 2020.07.22) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1920894 (Registration Date: 2018.11.15)

The present invention takes this point into consideration, and when a fire occurs, the supply air dampers of all floors are opened, and only the exhaust dampers of the fire floor are opened among the exhaust dampers in the closed state to discharge the inflow air from the indoor to the outdoors, but this fire By configuring the exhaust damper on the floor to be automatically opened and closed by the differential pressure between the indoor and the annex, if the differential pressure is greater than the set value, the exhaust damper on the fire floor is closed to reduce the differential pressure and easily open the fire door of the annex to safely evacuate or prevent firefighting activities. An object of the present invention is to provide a smoke control device and a control method therefor.

In particular, the present invention is a smoke control device that allows anyone to easily open the fire door of the annex and safely escape through the stairs connected to the annex or engage in firefighting activities by controlling the differential pressure between the indoor and the annex to maintain 20 to 80 Pa, and Another object is to provide the control method.

In order to achieve this object, the ventilation control device according to the present invention includes a ventilation system 100 that is installed in a building and supplies air to each annex (A) using a supply damper 110; and indoors (I) of each floor Exhaust for evacuating indoor smoke using an exhaust damper 210 operating as a differential pressure sensor 211 that detects the difference between the pressure (a) in the annex of the annex (A) and the pressure (b) in the indoor (I) facility 200; and a controller for controlling the supply air damper 110 and the exhaust damper 210; when a fire occurs, the controller forcibly opens all the air supply dampers 110 installed on each floor, and all at the same time Among the closed exhaust dampers 210, if the differential pressure ab detected by the differential pressure sensor 211 of the exhaust damper 210 of the floor on which the fire occurred is greater than the set value c, the exhaust damper 210 remains closed, and on the contrary, the differential pressure ab If it is smaller than this set value (c), it is characterized in that the exhaust damper 210 of the fire layer is forcibly controlled to open.

At this time, the set value (c) is characterized in that it is configured to be arbitrarily adjustable between 20 ~ 80Pa.

On the other hand, in the ventilation control method according to the present invention, the ventilation system 100 is installed in a building to supply air to each annex (A) by using the air supply damper 110, and is installed in the indoor (I) of each floor, but the annex room Control the exhaust facility that exhausts indoor smoke using the exhaust damper 210 operating as a differential pressure sensor 211 that detects the difference between the pressure (a) in the annex of (A) and the indoor pressure (b) in the room (I) In the smoke control method; when a fire occurs, all of the supply air dampers 110 installed on each floor are forcibly opened; Only the damper 210 is opened and closed, but if the differential pressure ab detected by the differential pressure sensor 211 of the fire floor is greater than the preset setting value c, the exhaust damper 210 of the fire floor is closed, and on the contrary, the differential pressure ( If ab) is smaller than the preset set value (c), it is characterized in that the exhaust damper 210 of the fire floor is controlled to open.

The smoke control apparatus and the control method thereof according to the present invention have the following effects.

(1) On the floor where a fire occurs, if the pressure differential between the indoor and the annex is greater than the set value, the exhaust damper is closed to lower the differential pressure, so that the fire door of the annex can be easily opened and closed.

(2) Therefore, evacuees on the floor where the fire occurred can open the fire door and quickly pass through the annex and evacuate through the stairs to reduce casualties.

(3) Also, when a firefighter enters the fire floor through the fire door, the fire door can be easily opened if the pressure differential between the indoor and the annex is within the set value. Accordingly, firefighters can easily and quickly enter the fire floor and extinguish the fire.

(4) Meanwhile, since the set value compared with the differential pressure between the annex and the interior can be arbitrarily adjusted, the pressure that can open the fire door of the annex can be arbitrarily adjusted and used conveniently.

[FIG. 1] is a front view showing a building in which a smoke control device according to the present invention is constructed.
[Figure 2] is a schematic diagram for showing the configuration of the smoke control device according to the present invention.
[FIG. 3] is an enlarged view showing a part of the plane of one floor (third floor) in a building in which the smoke control device according to the present invention is installed.
[Figure 4] is a flow chart for explaining the smoke control method according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and the inventor may properly define the concept of the term in order to best describe his invention. According to the principle that can be, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, since the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all the technical spirit of the present invention, various equivalents that can be substituted for them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be variations and examples.

[Configuration of smoke control device]

The smoke control apparatus according to the present invention includes a ventilation system 100 , an exhaust system 200 , and a controller, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 .

In particular, when a fire occurs, the controller forcibly opens all of the supply air dampers 110 constituting the smoke control facility 100 and configures the exhaust facility 200 and includes all of the exhaust dampers 210 that are in a closed state. By controlling the opening and closing of only the exhaust damper 210 on the floor, the differential pressure ab between the annexed room (A) and the indoor (I) is compared with the preset value (c) so that the differential pressure (ab) is the set value (c). ), close the exhaust damper 210, and conversely, if the differential pressure ab is less than the set value c, open the exhaust damper 210 to easily open the fire door constructed in the annex (A) to use it as an evacuation passage or fire brigade. This is to make it easier for people to enter the fire floor.

Hereinafter, such a configuration will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, it is assumed that the fire occurred on the "3rd floor" as the fire floor, and the reference number "A" denotes the annex that leads from the fire floor to the stairs, "I" denotes the interior showing the corridor adjoining the annex as an example, and "inlet air" is the air flowing into the room from the control area, and represents the air leaking according to the differential pressure and the air flowing in according to the opening of the door, respectively.

go. smoke control equipment

The ventilation facility 100 is, as in [FIG. 1] to [FIG. 3], indoor ( It is installed in the annex (A) constructed between I) and the ventilation area.

At this time, the ventilation system 100 is equipped with a supply air damper 110 in the annex A of each floor as shown in Figs. ) is connected to the air supply pipe 120 to supply the bet through. In particular, the air supply damper 110 is always in a closed state, and when a fire occurs, it is forcibly opened under the control of a controller to be described later.

That is, the smoke control facility 100 does not operate with the supply air dampers 110 of all floors closed when there is no fire, and when a fire occurs in the building as shown in [Fig. Controlled, the air supply dampers 110 of all floors are forcibly opened and the inside of the annex (A) of each floor is maintained at a preset pressure so that harmful gases or gases are introduced from the indoor (I) side to the annexed room (A) side. block that

me. exhaust equipment

The exhaust facility 200 has a configuration similar to the above-described ventilation facility 100, but has a difference in its operation, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 . That is, the exhaust facility 200 is equipped with an exhaust damper 210 in an indoor (I) such as a corridor of each floor, and the inflow air of the indoor (I) is transferred to the exhaust pipe 220 to which the exhaust damper 210 is connected. It is configured so that it can be discharged outdoors through the At this time, one end of the exhaust pipe 220 is preferably mounted on the roof side of the building, which is the upper part of the exhaust pipe 220 , to discharge the inflow air from the indoor I to the outside of the building.

In particular, the exhaust damper 210 is provided with a differential pressure sensor 211 for detecting the differential pressure (a-b) between the indoor (I) and the annexed room (A), as shown in FIG. 3 . Here, "a" represents the pressure of the auxiliary chamber inside the auxiliary room (A), and "b" represents the indoor pressure inside the room (I), respectively.

At this time, when a fire occurs, the exhaust damper 210 is controlled by a controller to be described later and is always closed when a fire does not occur. Only the damper 210 is opened to discharge the mouth air from the prison (I) to the outdoors.

The exhaust damper 210 opened as described above is controlled by a controller to be described later and opens and closes according to the signal of the differential pressure sensor 211 to adjust the differential pressure so that the fire door of the annex A can be easily opened and closed. The opening/closing action will be described together with a controller to be described later.

all. controller

The controller controls the above-described supply air damper 110 and exhaust damper 210, as in [Fig. 3] and [Fig. 4], so that the differential pressure ab between the indoor (I) and the annexed room (A) is too large. The fire door of the annex (A) can be opened easily so that evacuees can easily evacuate or firefighters can easily enter the fire floor to extinguish the fire.

Such a controller operates as follows when a fire occurs, as shown in FIG. 4 .

(1) Supply air damper Wow Exhaust damper control

When the controller recognizes that a fire has occurred, it forcibly opens all the air supply dampers installed in the annex on each floor and supplies the bet to the annex to reach the set pressure to prevent the smoke or harmful gas generated from the fire from flowing into the annex. it blocks

At the same time, the controller forcibly opens only the exhaust damper of the floor where the fire has occurred among the exhaust dampers that are always closed when there is no fire, so that the inflow air from the indoor can be discharged to the outdoors.

(2) on the fire floor exhaust damper with of open/close control

The controller receives a signal from the differential pressure sensor 211 and opens and closes and controls the exhaust damper 210 of the fire floor, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 . Whether to open or close at this time is determined by comparing the differential pressure a-b detected by the differential pressure sensor 211 with a preset value c, which is a pressure preset in the controller. Here, "a" represents the pressure of the auxiliary chamber inside the auxiliary room, and "b" represents the indoor pressure inside the room, respectively.

That is, the controller opens the exhaust damper 210 of the fire layer when the differential pressure ab is less than the set value c, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , to discharge the indoor air to the outdoors. Conversely, if the differential pressure (ab) is greater than the set value (c), the exhaust damper 210 of the fire floor is closed to prevent the inflow of air from the indoor from being exhausted to the outdoors, thereby lowering the differential pressure (ab) to the annex (A) The fire door of the

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the set value (c) is preferably configured so that any one value in the range of 20 to 80 Pa can be selected and used. This generally maintains the pressure (a) of the annex of the annex to about 110 Pa to 130 Pa, so that the fire door can be easily opened even with a weak force, and an appropriate differential pressure can be set and used in consideration of the weight and size of the fire door. It is desirable to control it so that

As described above, the present invention prevents the fire door of the annex room from being opened due to the differential pressure between the indoor and the annex room by controlling the exhaust damper on the floor where the fire has occurred to be selectively opened and closed. It is possible to quickly evacuate through the evacuation system or to extinguish the fire by quickly and easily entering when firefighters enter the fire floor.

In particular, the present invention configures the differential pressure to be adjusted so that the fire door can be opened by controlling the opening and closing of the facility exhaust damper on the fire floor. This makes it easy to enter and extinguish the fire.

[Smoke control method]

The present invention includes a method for controlling a smoke control device made as described above.

100: smoke control equipment
110: supply air damper
200: exhaust equipment
210: exhaust damper
211: differential pressure sensor

Claims (3)

Ventilation facility 100 installed in a building to supply air to each annex (A) by using a supply air damper 110; installed in the indoor (I) of each floor, but with an exhaust facility 200 that exhausts indoor smoke using an exhaust damper 210 that operates as a differential pressure sensor 211 that detects a difference in indoor pressure (b) of (I); and a controller for controlling the supply air damper 110 and the exhaust damper 210;
In the event of a fire, the controller
The differential pressure (ab) detected by the differential pressure sensor 211 by the exhaust damper 210 on the floor where the fire occurred among the exhaust dampers 210 that are all forcibly opened and all closed at the same time. If it is greater than this set value (c), it is kept in a closed state, and on the contrary, when the differential pressure (ab) is less than the set value (c), the exhaust damper 210 of the fire floor is forcibly controlled to open. Device.
In claim 1,
The set value (c) is,
Smoke control device, characterized in that it is configured to be arbitrarily adjustable between 20 ~ 80Pa.
A ventilation system 100 that is installed in a building and supplies air to each annex (A) by using the air supply damper 110, and is installed in the indoor (I) of each floor, but the pressure (a) and the indoor In the ventilation control method of controlling an exhaust facility that exhausts indoor smoke using an exhaust damper 210 that operates as a differential pressure sensor 211 that detects a difference in indoor pressure (b) of (I),
When a fire occurs, the air supply dampers 110 installed on each floor are forcibly opened,
Among the exhaust dampers 210 of all floors that were closed at the same time, only the exhaust damper 210 installed on the floor where the fire occurred is opened and closed, but the differential pressure ab detected by the differential pressure sensor 211 of the fire floor is the preset value. If it is greater than (c), the exhaust damper 210 of the fire floor is closed, and on the contrary, when the differential pressure ab is less than a preset value (c), the exhaust damper 210 of the fire floor is controlled to open. a smoke control method.

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