KR20210144067A - Lighing apparatus and lamp including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a lighting apparatus comprises: a substrate; a light emitting element disposed on the substrate; a reflective member disposed on the substrate; a resin layer disposed on the reflective member; and an electrochromic layer disposed on the resin layer. The electrochromic layer includes a first electrochromic pattern disposed on a region vertically overlapped with the light emitting element. A planar area of the first electrochromic pattern may be larger than that of the light emitting element.

Description

A lighting device and a lamp comprising the same

The embodiment relates to a lighting device and a lamp including the same.

Lighting is a device that can supply light or control the amount of light and is used in various fields. For example, the lighting device may be applied to various fields such as vehicles and buildings to illuminate the interior or exterior.

In particular, in recent years, a light emitting device has been used as a light source for lighting. Such a light emitting device, for example, a light emitting diode (LED), has advantages such as low power consumption and semi-permanent lifespan compared to conventional light sources such as fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps, fast response speed, safety, environmental friendliness, and the like. These light emitting diodes are being applied to various optical assemblies such as various display devices, indoor lights, or outdoor lights.

In general, lamps of various colors and shapes are applied to vehicles, and recently, lamps employing light emitting diodes as light sources for vehicles have been proposed. For example, light emitting diodes are being applied to vehicle headlights, tail lights, turn signals, and the like. However, such a light emitting diode has a problem in that the emission angle of the emitted light is relatively small. For this reason, when the light emitting diode is used as a vehicle lamp, there is a demand for increasing the light emitting area of the lamp.

In addition, when the lamp includes the light emitting diode, there is a problem in that a hot spot is formed by the light emitted from the light emitting diode. In this case, when the surface light source is implemented using the lamp, there is a problem in that the uniformity characteristic of the light emitting surface is deteriorated.

In addition, in general, when the light emitting diode is applied to a vehicle lamp, there is a problem that the light emitting diode is visually recognized from the outside. For example, when the vehicle lamp is on, it may not be recognized by the light emitted from the light source, but when the lamp is off, the light emitting diode is visible from the outside, so that the esthetic and design freedom of the lamp There is a problem that the characteristics are deteriorated.

Accordingly, there is a need for a new lighting device and lamp capable of solving the above-mentioned problems.

Embodiments are intended to provide a lighting device and a lamp having improved luminous intensity.

In addition, the embodiment intends to provide a lighting device and lamp capable of implementing a uniform line light source and a surface light source.

In addition, the embodiment intends to provide a lighting device and a lamp capable of improving design freedom and aesthetics.

A lighting device according to an embodiment includes a substrate, a light emitting device disposed on the substrate, a reflective member disposed on the substrate, a resin layer disposed on the reflective member, and an electrochromic layer disposed on the resin layer, , the electrochromic layer may include a first color-changing pattern disposed in a region overlapping with the light-emitting device in a vertical direction, and a planar area of the first color-changing pattern may be greater than a planar area of the light-emitting device.

Also, a planar area of the first discoloration pattern may be 1.1 times to 2.5 times a planar area of the light emitting device.

Also, the first discoloration pattern may have any one planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval shapes.

In addition, a plurality of light emitting devices may be disposed on the substrate, and the number of the first discoloration patterns may be the same as the number of the light emitting devices.

In addition, a horizontal width of the first discoloration pattern may be smaller than an interval between centers of the adjacent light emitting devices.

The electrochromic layer may include a second color-changing pattern spaced apart from the first color-changing pattern, and the second color-changing pattern may be disposed in an area that does not vertically overlap with the light emitting device.

Also, a planar area of the second discoloration pattern may be smaller than a planar area of the first discoloration pattern.

In addition, the electrochromic layer may include an electrochromic device (EC), a liquid crystal device (LC), a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), and a suspended particle device (SPD). ), an electrophoretic device (EPD), a thermochromic device (TC), and a MEMS micro blind device.

In addition, the electrochromic layer includes a first electrode disposed on the resin layer, a second electrode disposed on the first electrode, and a first electrochromic material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, , the first electrochromic material layer may include the first color-changing pattern.

In addition, the electrochromic layer may further include a second electrochromic material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and the second electrochromic material layer may be disposed to surround the periphery of the first electrochromic material layer. can

The lighting device and the lamp according to the embodiment may have improved light characteristics. In detail, the lighting device and the lamp may include a light emitting device, a reflective member, a resin layer, and an electrochromic layer to minimize loss of light emitted from the light emitting device in the process of being emitted to the outside. Accordingly, the embodiment may implement a uniform line light source and a surface light source.

In addition, the lighting device and the lamp according to the embodiment may prevent a hot spot from being formed by the light emitted from the light emitting device. In detail, in the lighting device, a color-changing baton may be disposed in a region in which relatively strong luminance appears among the light emitted from the light emitting device. Accordingly, the lighting device and the lamp control the light transmittance and/or the color of the discoloration pattern to prevent a hot spot where light is concentrated in the region from being formed.

In addition, the lighting device and the lamp according to the embodiment may have various light transmittances and may have various colors by a current applied to the electrochromic layer. In detail, the electrochromic layer may change to a color corresponding to or similar to a cover member of a lamp to which the lighting device is applied by a current applied to the electrochromic layer. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize the visible or visible of the lighting device from the outside, it is possible to provide a hidden (hidden) effect. In addition, the lighting device and the lamp according to the embodiment may implement patterns such as Hangul, alphabets, numbers, figures, and characters by controlling transmittance and color of at least one of the plurality of discoloration patterns. Accordingly, the lighting device and the lamp according to the embodiment may improve aesthetics and design freedom.

1 is a top view of a lighting device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section AA′ of FIG. 1 .
3 is a top view of a reflective member according to an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is another cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section AA′ of FIG. 1 .
5 is another top view of the lighting device according to the embodiment.
6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section BB′ of FIG. 5 .
FIG. 7 is another cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section BB′ of FIG. 5 .
8 is another top view of a lighting device according to an embodiment.
9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section CC′ of FIG. 8 .
10 is another top view of a lighting device according to an embodiment.
11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section DD′ of FIG. 10 .
12 to 14 are experimental data for Examples and Comparative Examples.
15 to 17 are diagrams illustrating examples in which a lamp including a lighting device according to an embodiment is applied to a vehicle.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical spirit of the present invention is not limited to some embodiments described, but may be implemented in various different forms, and within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention, one or more of the components between the embodiments are selectively combined , can be used as a substitute. In addition, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of the present invention may be generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, unless specifically defined and described. It may be interpreted as a meaning, and generally used terms such as terms defined in advance may be interpreted in consideration of the contextual meaning of the related art. In addition, the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the present specification, the singular form may also include the plural form unless otherwise specified in the phrase, and when it is described as "at least one (or more than one) of A and (and) B, C", it is combined with A, B, C It can contain one or more of all possible combinations. In addition, in describing the components of the embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used. These terms are only used to distinguish the component from other components, and the essence, order, or order of the component is not determined by the term. And, when it is described that a component is 'connected', 'coupled' or 'connected' to another component, the component is not only directly connected, coupled or connected to the other component, but also with the component It may also include a case of 'connected', 'coupled' or 'connected' due to another element between the other elements. In addition, when it is described as being formed or disposed on "above (above) or below (below)" of each component, the top (above) or bottom (below) is one as well as when two components are in direct contact with each other. Also includes a case in which another component as described above is formed or disposed between two components. In addition, when expressed as “upper (upper) or lower (lower)”, a meaning of not only an upper direction but also a lower direction based on one component may be included.

The lighting device according to the present invention can be applied to various lamp devices that require lighting, such as a vehicle lamp, a home optical assembly, and an industrial optical assembly. For example, when applied to a vehicle lamp, a head lamp, a side mirror lamp, a side maker light, a fog lamp, a tail lamp, a brake lamp, a daytime running lamp, a vehicle interior lighting, a door scar, the rear Applicable to combination lamps, backup lamps, etc. In addition, when applied to a vehicle lamp, it is applicable to a rear side assist system (BSD) disposed on a side mirror or an a-pillar. In addition, the optical assembly of the present invention can be applied to indoor and outdoor advertising devices, display devices, and various train fields. would be applicable.

In addition, before the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the first direction may mean the x-axis direction shown in the drawings, the second direction may be a different direction from the first direction. For example, the second direction may mean a y-axis direction shown in the drawing in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Also, the horizontal direction may mean first and second directions, and the vertical direction may mean a direction perpendicular to at least one of the first and second directions. For example, the horizontal direction may mean the x-axis and y-axis directions of the drawing, and the vertical direction may be a z-axis direction of the drawing and a direction perpendicular to the x-axis and y-axis directions.

FIG. 1 is a top view of a lighting device according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along AA′ of FIG. 1 , and FIG. 3 is a top view of a reflective member according to the embodiment.

1 to 3 , the lighting device 1000 according to the embodiment includes a substrate 100 , a light emitting device 200 , a reflective member 300 , a resin layer 400 , and an electrochromic layer 500 . can do.

The lighting device 1000 may emit the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 as a surface light source. The lighting device 1000 may be defined as a light emitting cell, a lighting module, or a light source module. The lighting device 1000 may include one light emitting cell or a plurality of light emitting cells on the substrate 100 .

The substrate 100 may include a printed circuit board (PCB). The substrate 100 may include, for example, at least one of a resin-based printed circuit board (PCB), a metal core PCB, a flexible PCB, a ceramic PCB, and an FR-4 substrate. . When the substrate 100 is disposed as a metal core PCB having a metal layer disposed on the bottom, the heat dissipation efficiency of the light emitting device 200 may be improved. In addition, the substrate 100 may include a light-transmitting material. In detail, the substrate 100 may include a material through which light is transmitted through the upper and lower surfaces. The substrate 100 may include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyimide (PI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and poly carbonate (PC).

The substrate 100 may be electrically connected to the light emitting device 200 . The substrate 100 may include a wiring layer (not shown) thereon, and the wiring layer may be electrically connected to the light emitting device 200 . When a plurality of the light emitting devices 200 are arranged on the substrate 100 , the plurality of light emitting devices 200 may be connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel by the wiring layer. The substrate 100 may function as a base member or a support member disposed under the light emitting device 200 and the resin layer 400 .

The light emitting device 200 may be disposed on the substrate 100 . The light emitting device 200 is a device including a light emitting diode (LED), and may include a package in which a light emitting chip is packaged. The light emitting chip may emit at least one of visible light such as blue, red, green, and yellow, ultraviolet (UV), and infrared light, and the light emitting device 200 may emit visible light such as white, blue, red, yellow, and green. At least one of light rays, ultraviolet rays, and infrared rays may be emitted. The light emitting device 200 may be of a top view type in which the light emitting surface faces upward. That is, the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 may be perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate 100 .

In addition, the light emitting device 200 is an LED chip emitting light on at least five sides and may be disposed on the substrate 100 in the form of a flip chip. Alternatively, the light emitting device 200 may be a horizontal chip or a vertical chip. In the horizontal chip, two different electrodes may be disposed in a horizontal direction, and in the vertical chip, two different electrodes may be disposed in a vertical direction. Since the light emitting device 200 is connected to another chip or wiring pattern with a wire in the case of the horizontal chip or the vertical chip, the thickness of the module may be increased due to the height of the wire, and the pad space for bonding the wire is reduced. may be needed

The light emitting device 200 may be electrically connected to the substrate 100 . For example, the light emitting device 200 may be electrically connected to a pad (not shown) of the substrate 100 by a conductive bonding member (not shown) with the substrate 100 . The conductive bonding member may be a solder material or a metal material.

The thickness of the light emitting device 200 may be about 3 mm or less. In detail, the thickness of the light emitting device 200 may be about 0.1 mm to about 2.5 mm. In addition, the length in the first direction of the light emitting device 200 may be different from or equal to the length in the second direction.

A plurality of the light emitting devices 200 may be disposed on the substrate 100 . For example, the plurality of light emitting devices 200 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (x-axis direction) and extend in the first direction. Also, the plurality of light emitting devices 200 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (y-axis direction) and extend in the second direction. For example, the plurality of light emitting devices 200 may be spaced apart from each other by a first interval P1 . In detail, the light emitting devices 200 spaced apart from each other in the first direction may be spaced apart from each other by the first gap P1 . In addition, the light emitting devices 200 spaced apart from each other in the second direction may be spaced apart from each other by the first gap P1 . Here, the first interval P1 may be an interval between centers of the adjacent light emitting devices 200 .

The first gap P1 may be about 2 mm or more. In detail, the first gap P1 may be about 2 mm to about 8 mm. When the first gap P1 is less than about 2 mm, the distance between the light emitting devices 200 is too close, and the uniformity of light emitted through the upper surface of the resin layer 400 may be reduced. That is, when the first interval P1 is less than about 2 mm, a hot spot phenomenon may occur on the upper surface of the resin layer 400, and thus the uniformity characteristic may be deteriorated when implementing a line light source or a surface light source. In addition, when the first gap P1 exceeds about 8 mm, the distance between the light emitting devices 200 is too far away, so that the uniformity of light emitted through the upper surface of the resin layer 400 may be reduced. That is, when the first interval P1 exceeds about 8 mm, a dark portion may be formed in the upper surface area of the resin layer 400 that is relatively far from the light emitting device 200 , and thus the light uniformity is lowered. can be

The plurality of light emitting devices 200 may be arranged in at least one column in the first direction and at least one column in the second direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the plurality of light emitting devices 200 may be arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns in a shape of 3×3 and may be spaced apart from each other. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the plurality of light emitting devices 200 may be arranged in one or a plurality of rows in the first and second directions.

The light emitting device 200 may include an emitting surface (not shown) from which light is emitted. The emission surface may be disposed on the upper surface of the light emitting device 200 . Here, the upper surface of the light emitting device 200 may be a surface facing the upper surface of the resin layer 400 and the electrochromic layer 500 to be described later. The light emitting device 200 may emit light of the highest intensity in a third direction (vertical direction, z-axis direction). The exit surface may be a vertical plane, or may include a concave surface or a convex surface.

The light emitted through the emitting surface may travel toward the upper surface of the resin layer 400 , for example, in the direction of the electrochromic layer 500 . In addition, a portion of the emitted light may be reflected by the reflective member 300 and proceed toward the upper surface of the resin layer 400 .

The reflective member 300 may be disposed on the substrate 100 . In detail, the reflective member 300 may be disposed between the substrate 100 and the resin layer 400 .

The reflective member 300 may be provided in the form of a film having a metal material or a non-metal material. The reflective member 300 may be adhered to the upper surface of the substrate 100 . The reflective member 300 may have an area smaller than an area of the top surface of the substrate 100 . The reflective member 300 may be spaced apart from the edge of the substrate 100 , and the resin layer 400 may be attached to the substrate 100 in the spaced area. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the edge portion of the reflective member 300 from peeling off.

The reflective member 300 may include an opening 310 in which a lower portion of the light emitting device 200 is disposed. A portion to which the upper surface of the substrate 100 is exposed and the lower portion of the light emitting device 200 is bonded may be disposed in the opening 310 of the reflective member 300 . The size of the opening 310 may be the same as or larger than the size of the light emitting device 200 , but is not limited thereto. The reflective member 300 may be in contact with the upper surface of the substrate 100 or may be adhered between the resin layer 400 and the substrate 100 , but is not limited thereto. Here, the reflective member 300 may be omitted when a highly reflective material is coated on the upper surface of the substrate 100 .

The reflective member 300 may be formed to have a thickness smaller than that of the light emitting device 200 . The thickness of the reflective member 300 may include a range of 0.2 mm±0.02 mm. A lower portion of the light emitting device 200 may pass through the opening 310 of the reflective member 300 and an upper portion of the light emitting device 200 may protrude. The emission surface of the light emitting device 200 may be provided in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the reflective member 300 .

The reflective member 300 may include a metallic material or a non-metallic material. The metallic material may include a metal such as aluminum, silver, or gold. The non-metallic material may include a plastic material or a resin material. The plastic material is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polybiphenyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyamide, polyacetal, polyphenylene. It may be any one selected from the group consisting of ether, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, liquid crystal polymer, fluororesin, copolymers thereof, and mixtures thereof. For the resin material, a reflective material, for example, TiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , or SiO ₂ may be added in silicon or epoxy. The reflective member 300 may be implemented as a single layer or multiple layers, and light reflection efficiency may be improved by such a layer structure. The reflective member 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention reflects incident light, thereby increasing the amount of light so that the light is emitted with a uniform distribution.

2 and 3 , the reflective member 300 may include an adhesive layer (not shown), a reflective layer (not shown), and a plurality of dots 330 .

The adhesive layer may attach the reflective member 300 to the upper surface of the substrate 100 . The adhesive layer is a transparent material, and may be an adhesive such as UV adhesive, silicone, or epoxy.

The reflective layer may include a plurality of reflective agents (not shown) inside the resin material. The reflector may be a bubble such as air, or a medium having the same refractive index as air. A resin material of the reflective layer may be a material such as silicone or epoxy, and the reflective agent may be formed by injecting air bubbles into the resin material. The reflective layer may reflect the light incident by the plurality of reflectors or refract it in a different direction. The thickness of the reflective layer may be 80% or more of the thickness of the reflective member 300 .

The plurality of dots 330 may be disposed to protrude on the upper surface of the reflective member 300 . For example, the plurality of dots 330 may be disposed on the upper surface of the reflective layer to protrude from the upper surface. The plurality of dots 330 may be spaced apart from the light emitting device 200 and may be disposed to surround the circumference of the light emitting device 200 .

The plurality of dots 330 may be formed on the reflective layer by printing. The plurality of dots 330 may include reflective ink. The plurality of dots 330 may be printed with a material including any one _{of TiO 2} , CaCO ₃ , BaSO ₄ , Al ₂ O _{3 , Silicon, and PS.} A planar shape of each of the plurality of dots 330 may be one selected from a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon. In addition, each of the plurality of dots 330 may have a hemispherical side cross-section or a polygonal shape. The material of the plurality of dots 330 may be white.

The dot pattern density of the plurality of dots 330 may increase as the distance from the light emitting device 200 increases. For example, the dot pattern density per unit area may increase as the distance from the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 increases in the horizontal direction. In addition, the sizes of the plurality of dots 330 may change as they move away from the light emitting device 200 . For example, the horizontal width of the plurality of dots 330 may increase as the distance from the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 in the horizontal direction increases.

That is, the plurality of dots 330 are disposed on a movement path of light emitted from the light emitting device 200 and/or light emitted from the light emitting device 200 and reflected in other components to improve light reflectance and It is possible to reduce light loss and improve the luminance of the surface light source.

The resin layer 400 may be disposed on the substrate 100 . The resin layer 400 may face the substrate 100 . The resin layer 400 may be disposed on the entire or partial area of the upper surface of the substrate 100 . The area of the lower surface of the resin layer 400 may be the same as or smaller than the area of the upper surface of the substrate 100 .

The resin layer 400 may be formed of a transparent material. The resin layer 400 may include a resin material such as silicone or epoxy. The resin layer 400 may include a thermosetting resin material, for example, may selectively include PC, OPS, PMMA, PVC, and the like. The resin layer 400 may be formed of glass, but is not limited thereto. For example, the main material of the resin layer 400 may be a resin material having a urethane acrylate oligomer as a main material. For example, a mixture of urethane acrylate oligomer, which is a synthetic oligomer, and a polymer type, which is polyacrylic, may be used. Of course, the low-boiling dilution type reactive monomer may further include a mixed monomer such as IBOA (isobornyl acrylate), HPA (Hydroxylpropyl acrylate, 2-HEA (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate), etc.), and as an additive, a photoinitiator (eg, 1 -hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl-ketone, etc.) or antioxidants may be mixed.

Since the resin layer 400 is provided as a layer for guiding light as a resin, it may be provided with a thinner thickness than in the case of glass and may be provided as a flexible plate. The resin layer 400 may emit the point light source emitted from the light emitting device 200 in the form of a line light source or a surface light source.

The upper surface of the resin layer 400 may emit light by diffusing the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 . For example, beads (not shown) may be included in the resin layer 400 , and the beads may diffuse and reflect incident light to increase the amount of light. The beads may be arranged in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3% based on the weight of the resin layer 400 . The bead is made of any one selected from silicon, silica, glass bubble, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), urethane, Zn, Zr, Al ₂ O ₃ , and acryl. may be, and the particle diameter of the beads may be in the range of about 1 μm to about 20 μm, but is not limited thereto.

Since the resin layer 400 is disposed on the light emitting device 200 , it is possible to protect the light emitting device 200 and reduce loss of light emitted from the light emitting device 200 . The light emitting device 200 may be buried under the resin layer 400 .

The resin layer 400 may be in contact with the surface of the light emitting device 200 and may be in contact with the exit surface of the light emitting device 200 . A portion of the resin layer 400 may be disposed in the opening 310 of the reflective member 300 . A portion of the resin layer 400 may be in contact with the upper surface of the substrate 100 through the opening 310 of the reflective member 300 . Accordingly, a portion of the resin layer 400 is in contact with the substrate 100 , thereby fixing the reflective member 300 between the resin layer 400 and the substrate 100 .

The resin layer 400 may be formed to have a thickness greater than that of the light emitting device 200 . For example, the thickness of the resin layer 400 may be about 1 mm or more. In detail, the resin layer 400 may have a thickness of about 1 mm to about 10 mm. When the thickness of the resin layer 400 is less than about 1 mm, the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 may not be effectively guided. Accordingly, it may be difficult for the uniform lighting device 1000 to implement a uniform surface light source. In addition, when the thickness of the resin layer 400 is less than about 1 mm, it may be difficult to effectively protect the light emitting device 200 , and adhesion between the substrate 100 and the reflective member 300 may be low. In addition, when the thickness of the resin layer 400 exceeds about 10 mm, light loss may occur due to an increase in the movement path of the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 , and the luminance of the surface light source may be reduced. Accordingly, the thickness of the resin layer 400 preferably satisfies the above-described range.

In addition, the vertical height from the upper surface of the resin layer 400 to the upper surface of the light emitting device 200 may be greater than the thickness of the light emitting device 200 . For example, the height from the upper surface of the resin layer 400 to the upper surface of the light emitting device 200 may be about 3 to about 15 times the thickness of the light emitting device 200 . The thickness of the resin layer 400 and the thickness of the light emitting device 200 satisfies the above-described ranges in order to effectively guide the point light source emitted from the light emitting device 200 and emit it in the form of a line light source or a surface light source. desirable.

The electrochromic layer 500 may be disposed on the resin layer 400 . The electrochromic layer 500 may face the resin layer 400 . The electrochromic layer 500 may be disposed on the entire or partial area of the upper surface of the resin layer 400 . A lower surface area of the electrochromic layer 500 may be the same as or smaller than an upper surface area of the resin layer 400 .

The electrochromic layer 500 may be formed to have a thickness smaller than that of the resin layer 400 . In detail, the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 is about 1/25 to about 1/ of the thickness of the resin layer 400 in order to effectively control the transmittance of light emitted from the resin layer 400 and prevent light loss. It can be 5.

For example, the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 may be about 1 mm or less. In detail, the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 may be about 50 μm to about 800 μm. When the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 does not satisfy the above-described range, it may be difficult to effectively control the transmittance of light emitted from the light emitting device 200 . For example, when the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 is thinner than the above-described range, most of the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 may pass through the electrochromic layer 500 . Also, when the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 is thicker than the above-described range, most of the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 may not pass through the electrochromic layer 500 . Accordingly, when the lighting device 1000 emits surface light, the uniformity characteristic of the light emitting surface may be deteriorated.

Preferably, the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 may be about 150 μm to about 450 μm in order to effectively control light transmittance and minimize light loss. When the thickness of the electrochromic layer 500 satisfies the above-described range, the lighting device 1000 may effectively control the transmittance of emitted light and minimize the decrease in luminance of the surface light source.

The electrochromic layer 500 may include an electrode 550 and an electrochromic material layer 510 .

The electrode 550 may include a first electrode 551 and a second electrode 552 . The first electrode 551 may be disposed on the resin layer 400 . The first electrode 551 may include a conductive material. For example, the first electrode 551 may include aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), or titanium (Ti). and at least one of an alloy thereof, carbon, and a conductive polymer. In addition, the first electrode 551 may be formed of a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), indium aluminum zinc oxide (IAZO), or indium gallium zinc (IGZO). oxide), indium gallium tin oxide (IGTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), and gallium zinc oxide (GZO).

The first electrode 551 may be electrically connected to the electrochromic material layer 510 . For example, the first electrode 551 may be formed on one surface of a transparent substrate (not shown) such as a glass substrate, silicon, resin, airgel, or the like. In detail, the first electrode 551 may be formed on the upper surface of the substrate facing the electrochromic material layer 510 . In addition, the first electrode 551 may be directly formed on the upper surface of the resin layer 400 to be electrically connected to the electrochromic material layer 510 . In this case, the transparent substrate may be omitted.

The second electrode 552 may be disposed on the first electrode 551 . The second electrode 552 may include a conductive material. For example, the second electrode 552 may include aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), or titanium (Ti). and at least one of an alloy thereof, carbon, and a conductive polymer. In addition, the first electrode 551 may be formed of a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), indium aluminum zinc oxide (IAZO), or indium gallium zinc (IGZO). oxide), indium gallium tin oxide (IGTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), and gallium zinc oxide (GZO).

The second electrode 552 may be electrically connected to the electrochromic material layer 510 . For example, the second electrode 552 may be formed on one surface of a transparent substrate (not shown) such as a glass substrate, silicone, resin, airgel, or the like. In detail, the second electrode 552 may be formed on the upper surface of the substrate facing the electrochromic material layer 510 . In addition, the second electrode 552 may be directly formed on the lower surface of a separate substrate (not shown) disposed on the electrochromic layer 500 to be electrically connected to the electrochromic material layer 510, In this case, the transparent substrate may be omitted.

The electrochromic material layer 510 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 . The electrochromic material layer 510 may include a material whose light transmittance or color is changed by an applied current. For example, the electrochromic material layer 510 may include an electrochromic (EC), a liquid crystal (LC), a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), or a dispersed particle alignment type device. It may include at least one of a suspended particle device (SPD), an electrophoretic device (EPD), a thermochromic device (TC), and a MEMS micro blind device.

The electrochromic material layer 510 may include a first color changing pattern 511 . The first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed in a region corresponding to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed in a region overlapping the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction. In more detail, the center of the first discoloration pattern 511 may overlap the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction. Also, when viewed from the top, the first discoloration pattern 511 may have one planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval shapes.

A plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be provided. For example, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be provided in plurality corresponding to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be provided in the same number as the light emitting device 200 , and may be arranged in one-to-one matching with the light emitting device 200 .

The plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be spaced apart from each other. The plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other in the first direction and extend in the first direction. In addition, the plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other in the second direction and extend in the second direction. In this case, the plurality of adjacent first discoloration patterns 511 may be spaced apart from each other by a second interval P2 . In detail, the first discoloration patterns 511 spaced apart from each other in the first direction may be spaced apart from each other by the second gap P2 . Also, the first discoloration patterns 511 spaced apart from each other in the second direction may be spaced apart from each other by a second gap P2 . Here, the second interval P2 may be the shortest interval between adjacent first discoloration patterns 511 .

The second interval P2 may be smaller than the first interval P1 . For example, the second interval P2 may be about 0.4 times to about 0.9 times the first interval P1 . When the second interval P2 is less than about 0.4 times the first interval P1, the plurality of first discoloration patterns compared to the pitch interval of the plurality of light emitting devices 200 (the first interval P1) (511) may be too close. Accordingly, the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 may be lost by the first discoloration pattern 511 . In addition, when the second interval P2 exceeds about 0.9 times the first interval P1, the transmittance or color of the first discoloration pattern 511 is controlled to prevent a hot spot from being formed. The effect it can have may be negligible.

The first discoloration pattern 511 may have a horizontal width. For example, the light emitting device 200 may have a first width d1 defined as a horizontal width, and the first discoloration pattern 511 may have a second width d2 defined as a horizontal width. can have In this case, the second width d2 may be greater than the first width d1. For example, the second width d2 may be about 1.05 to 3 times the first width d1. The second width d2 may be constant. For example, the width of the first discoloration pattern 511 may be constant without changing from the bottom to the top.

Also, the second width d2 may be smaller than the first interval P1 . For example, the second width d2 may be about 0.1 times to about 0.5 times the first interval P1. In detail, the second width d2 may be about 0.12 times to about 0.4 times the first interval P1. When the second width d2 with respect to the first interval P1 does not satisfy the above-described range, the transmittance control effect by the first discoloration pattern 511 may be insignificant.

Accordingly, a planar area of the first discoloration pattern 511 may be greater than a planar area (top area) of the light emitting device 200 . For example, the planar area of the first discoloration pattern 511 may be about 1.1 times to about 2.5 times the planar area of the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the planar area of the first discoloration pattern 511 may be about twice that of the light emitting device 200 .

The plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may have a light transmittance or a color change depending on an applied current. For example, the light transmittance of all of the plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be uniformly changed by an applied current, and all of the plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may have the same color changed. Also, the light transmittance of the plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be individually changed or the color may be changed according to an applied current. That is, the electrochromic layer 500 may individually control the light transmittance and/or color of each of the plurality of first color-changing patterns 511 .

The electrochromic material layer 510 may include a light-transmitting layer 580 . The light-transmitting layer 580 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 .

The light-transmitting layer 580 may be a layer that transmits light emitted upward through the upper surface of the resin layer 400 . The light-transmitting layer 580 is transparent and may include a material capable of transmitting light emitted from the light-emitting device 200 . For example, the light-transmitting layer 580 may include a resin material such as silicone or epoxy. In addition, the light-transmitting layer 580 may include a thermosetting resin material, for example, may selectively include PC, OPS, PMMA, PVC, and the like. In addition, the light-transmitting layer 580 may include glass, but is not limited thereto.

The light-transmitting layer 580 may have a height corresponding to the first discoloration pattern 511 . In detail, the light-transmitting layer 580 may have the same height as the first discoloration pattern 511 , and may provide a space in which the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 are spaced apart from each other.

In addition, the light-transmitting layer 580 may be disposed to surround the circumference of the first discoloration pattern 511 . That is, the light-transmitting layer 580 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 to fill an area where the first discoloration pattern 511 is not disposed. That is, the light-transmitting layer 580 surrounds the periphery of the plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 and can be fixed so that the first discoloration patterns 511 are disposed at a set position, and the first discoloration patterns 511 are formed. can protect

That is, the lighting apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment may control the transmittance and/or color of the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 by using the electrochromic layer 500 . In detail, the electrochromic layer 500 may control the light transmittance and/or the color of the first color-changing pattern 511 by an applied current. That is, in the embodiment, the first discoloration pattern 511 is disposed in a region showing relatively strong luminance among the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 , and transmittance or color of the first discoloration pattern 511 is controlled. Thus, it is possible to prevent a hot spot phenomenon from occurring in the region. Accordingly, the lighting apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment may provide a uniform line light source or a surface light source.

FIG. 4 is another cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section AA′ of FIG. 1 . In the description using FIG. 4 , descriptions of the same and similar components as those of the above-described lighting device are omitted, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same and similar components.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the lighting device 1000 may further include a diffusion layer 610 . The diffusion layer 610 may be disposed on the electrochromic layer 500 . The diffusion layer 610 may be disposed on the second electrode 552 .

The material of the diffusion layer 610 may be a light-transmitting material. The diffusion layer 610 may include at least one of a polyester (PET) film, a poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) material, or a polycarbonate (PC). The diffusion layer 610 may be provided as a film made of a resin material such as silicone or epoxy. The diffusion layer 610 may include a single layer or multiple layers.

The diffusion layer 610 may diffuse the light emitted through the resin layer 400 . The diffusion layer 610 may diffuse light emitted through the electrochromic layer 500 . In addition, since a specific color may not be mixed when the luminous intensity of light is high, the diffusion layer 610 may diffuse and mix the lights.

The thickness of the diffusion layer 610 may be about 25 μm or more. For example, the thickness of the diffusion layer 610 may be about 25 μm to about 250 μm. In detail, the thickness of the diffusion layer 610 may be about 100 μm to about 250 μm. The diffusion layer 610 may have the above-described thickness range and provide incident light as a uniform surface light source.

The diffusion layer 610 may include at least one or two or more of a diffusion agent such as beads, a phosphor, and ink particles. The phosphor may include, for example, at least one of a red phosphor, an amber phosphor, a yellow phosphor, a green phosphor, and a white phosphor. The ink particles may include at least one of metal ink, UV ink, and curing ink. The size of the ink particles may be smaller than the size of the phosphor. The surface color of the ink particles may be any one of green, red, yellow, and blue. The ink types are PVC (Poly vinyl chloride) ink, PC (Polycarbonate) ink, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer) ink, UV resin ink, epoxy ink, silicone ink, PP (polypropylene) ink, water-based ink, plastic ink, PMMA It can be selectively applied among (poly methyl methacrylate) ink and PS (Polystyrene) ink. The ink particles may include at least one of metal ink, UV ink, and curing ink.

5 is another top view of the lighting device according to the embodiment, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B' of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is another cross-sectional view taken along line B-B' of FIG. 5 . In the description using FIGS. 5 to 7 , descriptions of the same and similar components as those of the above-described lighting device are omitted, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same and similar components.

5 and 6 , the electrochromic layer 500 may be disposed on the resin layer 400 . The electrochromic layer 500 may be disposed on the entire or partial area of the upper surface of the resin layer 400 . A lower surface area of the electrochromic layer 500 may be the same as or smaller than an upper surface area of the resin layer 400 .

The electrochromic layer 500 may include a first electrode 551 , a second electrode 552 , and an electrochromic material layer 510 . The electrochromic material layer 510 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 .

The electrochromic material layer 510 may include a plurality of color-changing patterns. For example, the electrochromic material layer 510 may include a first color-changing pattern 511 , a second color-changing pattern 512 , and a third color-changing pattern 513 .

The first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed in a region corresponding to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed in a region overlapping the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction. In more detail, the center of the first discoloration pattern 511 may overlap the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction. Also, when viewed from the top, the first discoloration pattern 511 may have one planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval shapes.

A plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be provided. For example, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be provided in plurality corresponding to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be provided in the same number as the light emitting device 200 , and may be arranged in one-to-one matching with the light emitting device 200 .

The second discoloration pattern 512 may be spaced apart from the first discoloration pattern 511 in a horizontal direction. The second discoloration pattern 512 may be disposed in an area that does not correspond to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the second discoloration pattern 512 may be disposed in an area that does not vertically overlap with the light emitting device 200 . The second discoloration pattern 512 may be disposed in a peripheral area of the first discoloration pattern 511 . Also, the second discoloration pattern 512 may have a planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval when viewed from above.

A plurality of second discoloration patterns 512 may be provided. For example, the second discoloration pattern 512 may be provided in greater number than the light emitting device 200 and the first discoloration pattern 511 .

The plurality of second discoloration patterns 512 may be spaced apart from each other. The plurality of second discoloration patterns 512 may be spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction. For example, a plurality of second discoloration patterns 512 disposed adjacent to one first discoloration pattern 511 may be spaced apart from each other along a circumference of a concentric circle shape from the center of the first discoloration pattern 511. have.

The second discoloration pattern 512 may have a horizontal width. For example, the second discoloration pattern 512 may have a third width d3 defined as a horizontal width. In this case, the third width d3 may be smaller than the second width d2. For example, the third width d3 may be less than about 80% of the second width d2. Also, the third width d3 may be less than or equal to the first width d1. Also, the third width d3 may be constant. For example, the second discoloration pattern 512 may have a constant width without changing from the bottom to the top.

Accordingly, a planar area of the second discoloration pattern 512 may be smaller than that of the first discoloration pattern 511 . In addition, a planar area of the second discoloration pattern 512 may be smaller than or equal to a planar area of the light emitting device 200 .

The second discoloration pattern 512 may have a light transmittance or a color change depending on an applied current. For example, all of the plurality of second discoloration patterns 512 may have the same light transmittance, and all of them may have the same color change depending on the applied current. In addition, light transmittance or color of the plurality of second discoloration patterns 512 may be individually changed by an applied current. That is, the electrochromic layer 500 may individually control the light transmittance and/or color of each of the plurality of second color-changing patterns 512 .

The third discoloration pattern 513 may be horizontally spaced apart from the first discoloration pattern 511 and the second discoloration pattern 512 . The third discoloration pattern 513 may be disposed in an area that does not correspond to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the third discoloration pattern 513 may be disposed in an area that does not vertically overlap with the light emitting device 200 . In addition, the third discoloration pattern 513 may have one planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval when viewed from above.

A plurality of third discoloration patterns 513 may be provided. For example, the number of the third discoloration patterns 513 may be greater than or equal to that of the second discoloration patterns 512 .

The plurality of third discoloration patterns 513 may be spaced apart from each other. The plurality of third discoloration patterns 513 may be spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction. For example, a plurality of third discoloration patterns 513 disposed adjacent to one first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other along a circumference of a concentric circle shape from the center of the first discoloration pattern 511 . have. In this case, the virtual concentric circles formed by the third discoloration pattern 513 may be larger than the virtual concentric circles formed by the second discoloration pattern 512 . That is, the third discoloration pattern 513 may be disposed to surround the circumference of the second discoloration pattern 512 .

The third discoloration pattern 513 may have a horizontal width. For example, the third discoloration pattern 513 may have a fourth width d4 defined as a horizontal width. In this case, the fourth width d4 may be smaller than the third width d3. For example, the fourth width d4 may be less than about 80% of the third width d3. Also, the fourth width d4 may be smaller than the first width d1. Also, the fourth width d4 may be constant. For example, the third discoloration pattern 513 may have a constant width without changing from the bottom to the top.

Accordingly, a planar area of the third discoloration pattern 513 may be smaller than that of the second discoloration pattern 512 . Also, a planar area of the third discoloration pattern 513 may be smaller than a planar area of the light emitting device 200 .

The third discoloration pattern 513 may have a light transmittance or a color change depending on an applied current. For example, all of the plurality of third discoloration patterns 513 may have the same light transmittance according to an applied current, and all of the third discoloration patterns 513 may have the same color change. In addition, light transmittance or color of the plurality of third discoloration patterns 513 may be individually changed by an applied current. That is, the electrochromic layer 500 may individually control the light transmittance and/or color of each of the plurality of third color-changing patterns 513 .

In addition, different current strengths may be applied to each of the first to third discoloration patterns 511 , 512 , and 513 . Accordingly, the light transmittance and/or color of each of the first to third discoloration patterns 511 , 512 , and 513 may be different from each other. For example, as the distance from the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 increases, the light emitted by the light emitting device 200 may gradually weaken, so that the first to third discoloration patterns 511, 512, and 513 For the uniformity of the lighting device 1000, the light transmittance by the light transmittance should be increased as the distance from the light emitting device 200 increases. Therefore, the light transmittance of the third discoloration pattern 513 may be greater than that of the second discoloration pattern 513 , and the light transmittance of the second discoloration pattern 513 is greater than the light transmittance of the first discoloration pattern 511 . can be large

Also, referring to FIG. 7 , the widths of the second discoloration pattern 512 and the third discoloration pattern 513 may vary.

For example, the second discoloration pattern 512 may have a third width d3 that is a maximum value on a lower surface facing the first electrode 551 , and may be formed between the second electrode 552 and the second electrode 552 on the lower surface. It may gradually decrease as it goes in the direction of the facing upper surface. In this case, the upper width of the second discoloration pattern 512 may be about 0.2 times to about 0.9 times the lower width. The change in width of the second discoloration pattern 512 preferably satisfies the above-described range in order to minimize light loss due to the second discoloration pattern 512 and to emit light uniformly in the upper direction.

In addition, the third discoloration pattern 513 may have a fourth width d4 that is a maximum value on a lower surface facing the first electrode 551 , and may have a fourth width d4 facing the second electrode 552 on the lower surface. It may gradually decrease toward the upper surface direction. In this case, the upper width of the third discoloration pattern 513 may be about 0.2 to about 0.9 times the lower width. The change in the width of the third discoloration pattern 513 preferably satisfies the above-described range in order to minimize light loss due to the third discoloration pattern 513 and to emit light uniformly in the upper direction.

In addition, the electrochromic material layer 510 may further include a light-transmitting layer 580 . The light-transmitting layer 580 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 . The light-transmitting layer 580 may be disposed to surround the first discoloration pattern 511 , the second discoloration pattern 512 , and the third discoloration pattern 513 . That is, the light-transmitting layer 580 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 to fill an area where the discoloration patterns 511 , 512 , and 513 are not disposed.

That is, the electrochromic layer 500 according to the embodiment includes a plurality of color-changing patterns, and the density of the plurality of color-changing patterns may change as the distance from the light emitting device 200 increases. For example, the horizontal width of each of the plurality of discoloration patterns 511 , 512 , and 513 may change as the distance from the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 increases. In detail, the width d3 of the second discoloration pattern 512 may be smaller than the width d2 of the first discoloration pattern 511 , and the width d4 of the third discoloration pattern 513 may be 2 It may be smaller than the width d3 of the discoloration pattern 512 .

In this case, the total sum of the areas occupied by each of the first to third discoloration patterns 511 , 512 , and 513 within the same area may decrease as the distance from the optical axis increases. In detail, the total sum of the areas occupied by the second discoloration pattern 512 within the same area may be smaller than the total sum of the areas occupied by the first discoloration pattern 511 , and the total area occupied by the third discoloration pattern 513 . The total sum of the areas may be smaller than the total sum of the areas occupied by the second discoloration pattern 512 .

Accordingly, the lighting apparatus 1000 may prevent a hot spot from being formed by the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 and may emit light more uniformly in the upper direction.

8 is another top view of the lighting device according to the embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C' of FIG. 8 . In the description using FIGS. 8 and 9 , descriptions of the same and similar components as those of the above-described lighting device are omitted, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same and similar components.

8 and 9 , the electrochromic layer 500 includes a first electrode 551 , a second electrode 552 , and a first electrochromic material layer 510 and a second electrochromic material layer 520 . may include. Here, the first electrochromic material layer 510 may be the aforementioned electrochromic material layer 510 .

The first electrochromic material layer 510 may include a first color-changing pattern 511 . The first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed in a region corresponding to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed in a region overlapping the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction. In more detail, the center of the first discoloration pattern 511 may overlap the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction. Also, when viewed from the top, the first discoloration pattern 511 may have one planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval shapes.

The second electrochromic material layer 520 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 . The second electrochromic material layer 520 may be disposed to surround the circumference of the first electrochromic material layer 510 .

The second electrochromic material layer 520 may have a height corresponding to the first electrochromic material layer 510 . In detail, the second electrochromic material layer 520 may have the same height as the first electrochromic material layer 510 .

That is, the second electrochromic material layer 520 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 to fill an area where the first electrochromic material layer 510 is not disposed. have. In this case, a separator for separating the two components may be disposed between the first electrochromic material layer 510 and the second electrochromic material layer 520 . In addition, when the second electrochromic material layer 520 is disposed to surround the first electrochromic material layer 510 as described above, the above-described light transmitting layer 580 may be omitted.

The second electrochromic material layer 520 may include a material whose light transmittance or color is changed by an applied current. For example, the electrochromic material layers 510 and 520 may include an electrochromic (EC), a liquid crystal (LC), a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), and dispersed particle orientation. It may include at least one of a suspended particle device (SPD), an electrophoretic device (EPD), a thermochromic device (TC), and a MEMS micro blind device. In this case, the second electrochromic material layer 520 may include the same or different material from the first electrochromic material layer 510 .

That is, the lighting apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment may control the transmittance and/or color of the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 by using the electrochromic layer 500 . In detail, the light transmittance and/or color of each of the first electrochromic material layer 510 and the second electrochromic material layer 520 may be controlled by an applied current. Accordingly, the lighting apparatus 1000 may prevent a hot spot from being formed and may provide a uniform line light source or a surface light source.

Also, different current intensities may be applied to the electrochromic material layers 510 and 520 . Accordingly, the light transmittance and/or color of each of the electrochromic material layers 510 and 520 may be different from each other. For example, as the distance from the optical axis of the light emitting device 200 is increased, the light emitted by the light emitting device 200 may gradually weaken, so that the light transmittance of the electrochromic material layers 510 and 520 is determined by the lighting device. For the uniformity of (1000), the distance from the light emitting device 200 should be increased. Therefore, the light transmittance of the second color-changing material layer 520 may be greater than the light transmittance of the first color-changing material layer 510 .

10 is another top view of the lighting device according to the embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D′ of FIG. 10 . In the description using FIGS. 10 and 11 , descriptions of the same and similar components as those of the above-described lighting device are omitted, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same and similar components.

10 and 11 , the light emitting device 200 may be disposed on the substrate 100 . The light emitting device 200 is a device including a light emitting diode (LED), and may include a package in which a light emitting chip is packaged. The light emitting chip may emit at least one of blue, red, green, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared light, and the light emitting device 200 may emit at least one of white, blue, red, and green visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light. can emit light. The light emitting device 200 may be of a side view type in which a bottom portion is electrically connected to the substrate 200 .

The light emitting device 200 may include an emitting surface 281 from which light is emitted. The emission surface 281 of the light emitting device 200 may be disposed on at least one side of the light emitting device 200 rather than the upper surface. For example, the emission surface 281 may be a surface adjacent to the substrate 100 among the side surfaces of the light emitting device 200 , for example, a side adjacent to the upper surface of the substrate 100 . The emission surface 281 is disposed on a side surface between the bottom surface and the top surface of the light emitting device 200, and may emit light of the highest intensity in the first direction. The emission surface 281 of the light emitting device 200 may be a surface adjacent to the reflective member 300 or a surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate 100 and the upper surface of the reflective member 300 . In addition, the exit surface 281 may form a third direction (z-axis direction) or perpendicular to the top surface of the substrate 100 . The exit surface 281 may be a vertical plane, or may include a concave surface or a convex surface.

The light emitting device 200 may emit light in a first direction. The light emitted through the emission surface 281 of the light emitting device 200 may travel in a direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate 100 . In addition, the emitted light may be reflected by the reflective member 300 or may travel toward the upper surface of the resin layer 400 .

The electrochromic layer 500 may be disposed on the resin layer 400 . The electrochromic layer 500 may include a first electrode 551 , a second electrode 552 , an electrochromic material layer 510 , and a light-transmitting layer 580 .

The electrochromic material layer 510 may be disposed between the first electrode 551 and the second electrode 552 . The electrochromic material layer 510 may include a first color changing pattern 511 . The first discoloration pattern 511 may have one planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval when viewed from above.

A plurality of first discoloration patterns 511 may be provided. For example, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be provided in plurality corresponding to the light emitting device 200 . In detail, the first discoloration pattern 511 may be provided in the same number as the light emitting device 200 , and may be arranged in one-to-one matching with the light emitting device 200 .

The first discoloration pattern 511 may be disposed to extend along an emission direction of the light emitted from the light emitting device 200 . A portion of the first discoloration pattern 511 may overlap the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction, and the rest may not overlap the light emitting device 200 . For example, the planar area of the first discoloration pattern 511 overlapping the light emitting device 200 may be less than or equal to about 30% of the total plan area of the first discoloration pattern 511 .

Also, the center of the first discoloration pattern 511 may not overlap the light emitting device 200 in a vertical direction. In detail, the center of the first discoloration pattern 511 may be spaced apart from the emission surface 281 of the light emitting device 200 in the optical axis direction of the light emitting device 200 .

12 to 14 are experimental data for Examples and Comparative Examples. 12 to 14 , a higher luminance value may be displayed brighter in the drawing, and a lower luminance value may be displayed darker in the drawing.

Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the present invention will be described in more detail through Examples and Comparative Examples.

comparative example

A plurality of top view type light emitting devices (5 * 5, total of 25) were disposed on a substrate, and a resin layer was disposed thereon to seal the light emitting devices. In this case, the thickness of the light emitting device disposed on the substrate was 0.35 mm, and the thickness of the resin layer was 3.8 mm, thereby manufacturing a lighting device.

Thereafter, the distances between the plurality of light emitting devices were measured at intervals of 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, and 6 mm, and the shape of the beam emitted according to the intervals and the uniformity of light were measured.

Example

A plurality of top view type light emitting devices (5 * 5, total of 25) were disposed on a substrate, and a resin layer was disposed thereon to seal the light emitting devices. In this case, the thickness of the light emitting device disposed on the substrate was 0.35 mm, and the thickness of the resin layer was 3.8 mm.

In addition, an electrochromic layer having a thickness of 200 μm was formed on the resin layer. The electrochromic layer has a circular shape and includes a plurality of first color-changing patterns having a size (width) of 1.2 Φ (mm), and the first color-changing patterns have the same number as the light-emitting element, and the center of the first color-changing pattern is the optical axis of the light-emitting element. It was formed so as to overlap with the lighting device was manufactured.

Thereafter, the distances between the plurality of light emitting devices were spaced at intervals of 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, and 6 mm, respectively, and the luminance (nit), uniformity of light, and beam shape emitted according to each interval were measured.

In this case, the light uniformity in Examples and Comparative Examples was calculated based on Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

Light Uniformity = Minimum luminance value (Min Nit) / Maximum luminance value (Max Nit) * 100

DistanceE(P1) Case Min Nit Max Nit Uniformity 2mm comparative example 38226954 89989857 42.5% Example 38230584 79907296 47.8% 3mm comparative example 46241565 66225234 69.8% Example 46242705 60254407 76.7% 4mm comparative example 46894834 58112625 80.7% Example 46897231 55015901 85.2% 5mm comparative example 44728759 54073431 82.7% Example 44729914 52802344 84.7% 6mm comparative example 41764934 51212874 81.6% Example 41766022 50600482 82.5%

Referring to Table 1 and FIGS. 12 to 14 , in the lighting device 1000, the shorter the distance (the first distance P1 ) between the light emitting devices 200 is, for example, when it is less than about 4 mm, the light uniformity characteristic is lowered. Able to know. In detail, it can be seen that the maximum luminance (Max Nit) has a large value, but the minimum luminance (Min Nit) has a low value, so that the uniformity characteristic is deteriorated. In addition, it can be seen that as the distance between the light emitting devices 200 is shorter, the shape of the beam emitted from the lighting device 1000 is concentrated on the area where the light emitting devices 200 are disposed. That is, it can be seen that as the distance between the light emitting devices 200 is shorter, a hot spot is formed, the light uniformity characteristic is lowered, and a dark part is formed.

In addition, it can be seen that, as the distance between the light emitting devices 200 in the lighting device 1000 is relatively long, for example, when the distance between the light emitting devices 200 is 6 mm or more, the difference in the uniformity characteristics between the comparative example and the embodiment is small. In detail, it can be seen that the difference between the maximum luminance (Max Nit) value and the minimum luminance (Min Nit) value is small. However, as the light emitting devices 200 are spaced apart from each other at relatively large intervals, it can be seen that the overall luminance of the lighting device is lowered. In addition, as the light emitting devices 200 are spaced apart from each other by a large interval as described above, it can be seen that the role of the electrochromic layer 500 is insignificant.

Preferably, as described above, when the width (the second width d2) of the first discoloration pattern 511 is 1.2 mm, the interval between the plurality of light emitting devices 200 (the first interval P1)) may be from about 4 mm to about 5 mm. Accordingly, the lighting apparatus 1000 may prevent a hot spot from being formed and implement a line light source or a planar light source having a light uniformity of about 80% or more.

Therefore, when the distance P1 between the plurality of light emitting devices 200 is 3.2 to 4.25 times the width d2 of the first discoloration pattern 511, the uniformity of the lighting device 1000 is 84. % or more, and in the case of 3.25 times to 3.42 times, the uniformity of the lighting device 1000 may be best as 85% or more.

That is, the lighting device 1000 according to the embodiment controls the distance between the light emitting devices 200 , the interval between the first color-changing patterns 511 , and the planar area of the first color-changing patterns 511 to control the light emitting devices ( 200), it is possible to prevent a hot spot from being formed by the light emitted from it, and it is possible to provide a light source having excellent light uniformity.

15 to 17 are diagrams illustrating examples in which a lamp including a lighting device according to an embodiment is applied to a vehicle. In detail, FIG. 15 is a top view of a vehicle to which a lamp having the lighting device is applied, FIG. 16 is an example in which the lighting device according to the embodiment is disposed in front of the vehicle, and FIG. 17 is the lighting device according to the embodiment of the vehicle. This is an example placed in the rear.

15 to 17 , the lighting apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment may be applied to a vehicle 2000 . One or more lamps may be disposed in at least one of a front, a rear, and a side of the vehicle 2000 .

For example, referring to FIG. 16 , the lamp may be applied to a front lamp 2100 of a vehicle. The front lamp 2100 may include a first cover member 2110 and at least one first lamp module 2120 including the lighting device 1000 . The first lamp module 2120 may be accommodated in the first cover member 2110 .

The front lamp 2100 may provide a plurality of functions by controlling the driving timing of the lighting device 1000 included in the first lamp module 2120 . For example, the front lamp 2100 may provide at least one function of a headlamp, a turn indicator, a daytime running lamp, a high beam, a low beam, and a fog lamp by light emission of the lighting device 1000 . In addition, the front lamp 2100 may provide additional functions such as a welcome light or a celebration effect when the driver opens the vehicle door.

Also, referring to FIG. 17 , the lamp may be applied to a rear lamp 2200 of a vehicle. The rear lamp 2200 may include a second cover member 2210 and at least one second lamp module 2220 including the lighting device 1000 . The second lamp module 2220 may be accommodated in the second cover member 2210 .

The rear lamp 2200 may provide a plurality of functions by controlling the driving timing of the lighting device 1000 included in the second lamp module 2220 . For example, the rear lamp 2200 may provide at least one function of a side light, a brake light, and a turn indicator light by the light emission of the lighting device 1000 .

That is, the lighting device 1000 according to the embodiment is disposed to be accommodated in the first cover member 2110 or the second cover member 2210 , and disposed in at least one of the front, rear, and side of the vehicle 2000 . It can provide various functions.

In this case, the first cover member 2110 and the second cover member 2210 may be cover members constituting an area to which the above-described lamp is applied. For example, the cover members 2110 and 2210 may include a bumper, a fender, a bonnet, a side mirror, a trunk, a front panel, and a rear of a vehicle in which the lamp is disposed. It may be a member that constitutes an area such as a panel and is exposed to the outside. Also, the cover members 2110 and 2210 may be provided in a color corresponding to the vehicle 2000 .

The lighting device 1000 may have various light transmittances due to the current applied to the electrochromic layer 500 and may have various colors. For example, the electrochromic layer 500 may have a color corresponding to or similar to that of the first cover member 2110 or the second cover member 2210 by an applied current. Accordingly, the embodiment can provide a hidden effect that can minimize the visibility of the lighting device 1000 from the outside or the visible. In addition, the embodiment may implement patterns such as Hangul, alphabets, numbers, figures, characters, etc. by controlling the transmittance and color of at least one discoloration pattern. Accordingly, the lighting apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment may improve esthetics and design freedom of the apparatus.

Features, structures, effects, etc. described in the above embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, features, structures, effects, etc. illustrated in each embodiment can be combined or modified for other embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments belong. Accordingly, the contents related to such combinations and modifications should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

In addition, although the embodiment has been described above, it is merely an example and does not limit the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains are exemplified above in a range that does not depart from the essential characteristics of the present embodiment. It can be seen that various modifications and applications that have not been made are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiment can be implemented by modification. And differences related to such modifications and applications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

Board;
a light emitting device disposed on the substrate;
a reflective member disposed on the substrate;
a resin layer disposed on the reflective member; and
and an electrochromic layer disposed on the resin layer;
The electrochromic layer includes a first color change pattern disposed in a region overlapping the light emitting device in a vertical direction,
A planar area of the first discoloration pattern is greater than a planar area of the light emitting device. According to claim 1,
A plan area of the first discoloration pattern is 1.1 times to 2.5 times a plan area of the light emitting device. According to claim 1,
The first discoloration pattern is a lighting device having any one planar shape selected from among polygonal, circular, and oval. According to claim 1,
A plurality of light emitting devices are disposed on the substrate,
The first discoloration pattern is equal to the number of the light emitting devices. 5. The method of claim 4,
A horizontal width of the first discoloration pattern is smaller than an interval between centers of the adjacent light emitting elements. According to claim 1,
The electrochromic layer includes a second color-changing pattern spaced apart from the first color-changing pattern;
The second discoloration pattern is disposed in an area that does not overlap the light emitting device in a vertical direction. 7. The method of claim 6,
A planar area of the second discoloration pattern is smaller than a planar area of the first discoloration pattern. According to claim 1,
The electrochromic layer includes an electrochromic device (EC), a liquid crystal device (LC), a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), a suspended particle device (SPD), A lighting device comprising at least one of an electrophoretic device (EPD), a thermochromic device (TC), and a MEMS micro blind device. According to claim 1,
The electrochromic layer is
a first electrode disposed on the resin layer;
a second electrode disposed on the first electrode; and
a first electrochromic material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes;
The first electrochromic material layer includes the first color-changing pattern. 10. The method of claim 9,
The electrochromic layer further comprises a second electrochromic material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes,
The second electrochromic material layer is disposed to surround the periphery of the first electrochromic material layer.

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