KR20210131478A - Classification System and Method for Recycling Construction Waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste concrete dust, sand, and aggregate classification system which finely pulverizes and classifies waste aggregate generated during a demolition process of a building to recycle the waste aggregate and a method thereof. To this end, the system comprises: a slope on which construction waste is dropped on the upper part and having an inclination angle increases toward the lower part; a plurality of crushing rollers provided at the middle of the slope of the slope and performing rotation and pressing so that the construction waste descending along the slope is crushed; and a sorter including a plurality of layers disposed on one side at the lower end part of the slope with an inclination, opening the vertical upper side of the upper end to input the crushed construction waste therethrough, opening the vertical lower side of the lower end of each layer to discharge the sorted construction waste, and having the lower surface of each layer formed with a predetermined mesh to sort the crushed construction waste by particle size; and a plurality of collection units receiving the construction waste sorted by particle size in the sorter by particle size. Each layer of the sorter is formed of a higher mesh as it is closer to the lower part and the sorter is configured to vibrate at a predetermined frequency. Accordingly, when construction waste is put into the system regardless of size, the construction waste is classified, thereby providing an effect of increasing a worker's efficiency.

Description

Classification System and Method for Recycling Construction Waste

The present invention relates to a construction waste classification system for recycling construction waste, and more particularly, a waste concrete bonsai, sand, and aggregate classification system and method for reusing after crushing and classifying waste aggregate generated during the demolition of a building. is about

Concrete is widely used as a building material, and such concrete is made by mixing aggregates such as sand or gravel with cement and solidifying it. At this time, a lot of construction waste is generated as the concrete structures that make up the building are crushed during demolition work to secure new space by demolishing old buildings, and reconstruction work to repair or rebuild old or deteriorated buildings. Many construction wastes, including waste aggregates, are directly disposed of in landfills.

However, in the case of landfilling construction wastes including waste aggregates as described above, soil and groundwater are contaminated, destroying the natural environment, and it is difficult to secure space for landfill treatment. Accordingly, there was a problem in that resources were used inefficiently.

1 is a flowchart for a process of crushing and separating and classifying a conventional construction waste. As shown in Fig. 1, the collected and transported construction waste is a mixture of waste concrete lumps of irregular sizes and various types of waste. When these waste concrete lumps are put through the vibrating hopper, the sand and aggregate mixed in the waste concrete are sorted through the grizzly process and the cylindrical rotary separator (S10). First crushing is performed (S12) The small crushed construction waste goes through a screen process by size, paper or vinyl is separated by strong wind, and reinforcing bars and metal fittings are separated by a strong permanent magnet. (S14) By this separation process, the waste concrete is eventually discharged to a size of about 25 to 45 mm.

However, such a conventional construction waste classification process has the following problems. First, pure sand could not be obtained in such a process, and there was a limit to reuse as an aggregate because many cement particles were also attached to the surface of the discharged gravel. In addition, in order to recycle the sand for construction, the crushed sand had to be thoroughly washed to remove the cement. In addition, there was a disadvantage in that the process was complicated because the transfer process and the sorting process were not performed in a single process.

Accordingly, there is a need for a highly productive system and method for not only classifying construction waste into concrete bonsai, sand, and fine aggregate through an automated process, but also transporting it at the same time.

Therefore, the present invention was devised to improve the problems presented above. An object of the present invention is to collect and classify waste concrete bonsai, sand, and aggregate by classifying and collecting waste aggregate generated during the demolition process by particle size according to particle size. To provide a system and method for

Hereinafter, specific means for achieving the object of the present invention will be described.

A first object of the present invention, the construction waste is dropped on the upper part, the slope of the inclination angle increases toward the lower end; a plurality of crushing rollers provided in the middle of the slope of the slope, rotating and pressing the construction waste to be crushed along the slope; It is composed of a plurality of layers inclined to one side at the lower end of the ramp, the upper part is opened vertically so that the crushed construction waste is put in, and the lower part of each floor is vertically lower so that the selected construction waste is discharged. a sorter configured to have a predetermined mesh on the lower surface of each layer and sort the crushed construction waste by size; and a plurality of collection units each receiving the construction wastes sorted by particle size in the sorter for each particle size, wherein each layer of the sorter has a higher mesh as it is closer to the bottom, and the sorter has a predetermined frequency This may be achieved by providing a construction waste sorting system configured to vibrate.

The inclined surface of the ramp may be made of a metal material.

The ramp includes: a first ramp on which construction waste is dropped, and the ramp is configured with an inclination of 30 to 35 degrees; and a second ramp configured to extend from the first ramp and configured with an inclination of 45 to 50 degrees, wherein at least one of the crushing rollers may be provided in each of the first ramp and the second ramp.

The ramp includes: a first ramp on which construction waste is dropped, and the ramp is configured with an inclination of 30 to 35 degrees; and a second ramp configured to extend from the first ramp and configured with an inclination of 45 to 50 degrees, wherein the crushing roller is provided on the first ramp and has a diameter of 07 to 15 m. It may include at least one second crushing roller provided on the first crushing roller and the second ramp and having a diameter of 02 to 07 m.

It may further include an electromagnet provided under the first crushing roller to collect the reinforcing bars contained in the construction waste crushed by the first crushing roller.

It may further include a dust collector for suctioning and collecting the construction waste crushed vertically above the slope or vertically above the lower end of the sorter.

The construction waste that is connected to the remaining layers except for the lowermost layer of the sorter is inputted from one side, and the rotating shaft is configured to be inclined at a predetermined angle toward the one side. a cylindrical rotary cylinder having a screw thread and having a cylindrical surface made of a predetermined mesh; and a first collection unit provided in the lower portion of the other side of the rotary tube, and a centrifugal discharge machine including a second collection portion provided in the remainder except for the collection portion in the lower portion of the rotary tube.

It may further include a transfer conveyor provided between the centrifugal ejector and the sorter to transfer the selected construction waste from one side of the sorter to one side of the centrifugal ejector. The second object of the present invention is A dropping step of dropping the construction waste on the top of the first ramp, which is a component of the construction waste classification system according to the present invention; A first crushing step in which the first crushing roller, which is a component of the construction waste classification system, crushes the dropped construction waste. The second crushing roller, which is a component of the construction waste classification system, is crushed by the first crushing roller, and the A second crushing step of crushing the construction waste input to the second ramp, which is a component of the construction waste classification system, a separator, which is a component of the construction waste classification system, crushes the construction waste crushed by the second crushing roller with a diameter of 25 mm a screening step of selecting from less than to more than 5 mm, from less than 5 mm to more than 1 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm; And a centrifugal ejector, which is one component of the construction waste classification system, discharges the construction waste with a diameter of 1 mm or less from the construction waste with a diameter of 25 mm or less to more than 5 mm and 5 mm or less to more than 1 mm. Construction waste classification comprising; This can be achieved by providing a method.

As described above, according to the present invention, there are the following effects.

First, according to the present invention, when the construction waste is put into the system regardless of the size, it is classified, so that the efficiency of the operator is improved.

Second, according to the present invention, since crushing, sorting, and transporting of construction waste is performed at once, there is an effect that the process is shortened and the work load of the operator is reduced.

Third, according to the present invention, since it falls at an optimal angle according to the size of the crushed construction waste, there is an effect that the generation of dust is small, an appropriate load is maintained on the machine, and the transport is performed smoothly.

The following drawings attached to the present specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and serve to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention together with the detailed description of the present invention, so that the present invention is limited only to the matters described in those drawings should not be interpreted as
1 is a flowchart showing a conventional construction waste classification method;
2 is a side view showing a ramp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a plan view showing a crushing roller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a side view showing a selector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a side view showing a centrifugal ejector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a flowchart illustrating a construction waste classification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be described in detail an embodiment in which the present invention can be easily carried out. However, in the detailed description of the principle of operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings for parts having similar functions and functions. Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be connected to another part, it includes not only a case in which it is directly connected, but also a case in which it is indirectly connected with another element interposed therebetween. In addition, the inclusion of a certain component does not exclude other components unless otherwise stated, but means that other components may be further included.

The construction waste classification system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a ramp, a crushing roller, a separator 100, a transfer conveyor, a centrifugal ejector 200, a dust collector, and a collection unit. In the present invention, construction waste 10 of 25 mm to 5 mm is defined as aggregate, construction waste 10 of 5 mm to 1 mm is defined as sand, and construction waste 10 of 1 mm or less is defined as concrete bonsai. These can be automatically and precisely classified by the construction waste classification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

With respect to the ramp, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the ramp according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , it may be composed of a first ramp 1 and a second ramp 3 . The ramp may be configured at a predetermined inclination angle so that the construction waste 10 is dropped on the upper part and falls at an appropriate speed that does not apply a load to the crushing roller. A separator 100 for sorting the crushed construction waste 10 may be provided at the lower portion of the ramp. In addition, for smooth fall and crushing, the inclined surface of the ramp may be made of a metal material. In addition, as the particles of the construction waste 10 gradually become finer as the crushing elapses, it is preferable that the inclination angle of the ramp increases as it falls. The first ramp 1 is defined as a ramp where the dropped construction waste 10 meets for the first time. do. The angle of inclination is preferably configured from 30 degrees to 35 degrees. This is to control the falling speed of the large chunk of construction waste (10). If the inclination angle is less than 30 degrees, it may be difficult to fall, and especially in the case of wetted waste, it may be more difficult to fall. In addition, if the inclination angle exceeds 35 degrees, a large amount of fall occurs, and severe noise may occur at this time. In addition, an excessive load may be applied to the first crushing roller 5 . A first crushing roller 5 may be provided in the middle of the first ramp 1 and primarily crush the construction waste 10 into lumps with a diameter of 25-50 mm or less.

The second ramp 3 is defined as a ramp formed following the first ramp 1 . The angle of inclination is preferably 40 degrees to 50 degrees. This is to give an appropriate falling speed of the small construction waste (10) lump. Falling may be difficult at an inclination angle of less than 40 degrees. Since the particles of the construction waste 10 have become finer, an angle greater than the angle at the first ramp 1 is required for a smooth fall. If the inclination angle exceeds 50 degrees, the falling speed increases and dust may be severely generated. A second crushing roller 7 may be provided at the middle of the second ramp 3 and secondarily crushing the construction waste 10 into lumps with a diameter of 25 mm or less. By providing such a multi-inclined ramp, an appropriate falling speed of the falling construction waste 10 can be implemented.

With respect to the crushing roller, Figure 3 is a plan view showing the crushing roller according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , the crushing roller according to an embodiment of the present invention may be divided into a first crushing roller 5 and a second crushing roller 7 . Each crushing roller may be composed of a cylindrical roller having a plurality of blades or protrusions for effective crushing. The first crushing roller 5 crushes the construction waste 10 into lumps with a diameter of 25-50 mm or less through the first crushing. The second crushing roller 7 secondly crushes the construction waste 10 into lumps with a diameter of 25 mm or less. A funnel substrate for converging the construction waste 10 may be provided in front of each crushing roller. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first crushing roller 5 has a diameter of 07 to 15 m, and the second crushing roller 7 has a diameter of 02 to 07 m.

In addition, a vinyl 9 may be provided on the upper surface of the ramp. The vinyl 9 prevents the cement dust generated when the construction waste 10 is crushed from being discharged into the atmosphere. At this time, the middle of the vinyl 9 may be opened and connected to the dust collector. With this configuration, the vinyl 9 is effective in preventing environmental pollution and recycling cement.

With respect to the separate device 100, FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating a sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the selector 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be composed of three first, second, and third sorting layers 110a, b, and c. Each sorting layer has an inlet 130, which is a duct that opens vertically upward, and the first, second, and third collection ports 120a, b, and c, which are ducts that open vertically down.

can be provided The inlet 130 may be configured to be inclined in the direction of the first, second, and third collection ports 120a, b, and c. The inlet 130 receives the construction waste 10 crushed on the ramp, and the first, second, and third collection ports 120a, b, and c contain the construction waste 10 selected according to the particle size. They are collected separately, and the third collection port 120c is directly connected to the concrete bonsai collection unit, and the first and second collection ports 120a and b are connected to the centrifugal ejector 200 through a transfer conveyor.

The sorter 100 serves to sort, collect and transport the crushed construction waste 10 by particle size through this configuration and connection relationship. In particular, it may be provided with a vibration motor that applies vibration in order to strengthen the selection function. Construction waste 10 having a diameter of 25 mm or less is put into the first screening layer 110a, and the lower surface of the first screening layer 110a may be composed of a plurality of rollers having a mesh having a diameter of 5 mm or less. The construction waste 10 having a diameter of 5 mm or less that has passed through the first screening layer 110a is dropped vertically into the second screening layer 110b, and the lower surface of the second screening layer 110b has a diameter of 1 mm or less. It can be composed of a screen with a mesh of The third sorting layer 110c is configured such that the construction waste 10 having a diameter of 1 mm or less that has passed through the second sorting layer 110b falls vertically down and is put in, and converges to a collection unit. Centrifugal ejector 200 In relation to, Figure 5 is a side view showing a centrifugal ejector according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the centrifugal ejector 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is composed of a mesh having a diameter of 1 mm or less and having a screw thread on the inner surface of the cylinder. An inlet 220 may be provided on one side so that the selected construction waste 10 is put therein. A first collection unit 240a may be provided in the longitudinal direction of the rotary tube 210 so that the construction waste 10 having a diameter of 1 mm or less, selected by centrifugal force, is discharged to the rotary tube 210 . In addition, a second collection unit 240b may be provided on the other side of the rotary tube 210 so that the construction waste 10 with a diameter of 1 mm or more is discharged after being sorted out of the rotary tube 210 . This is to improve the precision of sorting by using centrifugal force because it is difficult to sort by the sorter 100 , such as cement powder strongly attached to sand or aggregate.

Centrifugal ejector 200 may be configured to increase the ejection efficiency by mixing the water with the construction waste (10). As the construction waste 10 rotates together with the polar solvent water, the discharge effect is improved. In this case, the discharged construction waste 10 must undergo a dehydration step, and a microwave dryer or a general dryer may be used.

The dust collector serves to suction and collect concrete bonsai such as cement dust generated from the vinyl 9 , the sorter 100 , the transfer conveyor, and the centrifugal ejector 200 from a vertical position. For this reason, there is an effect of accumulating the concrete bonsai generated in the process of crushing, transporting, discharging, etc. from the construction waste classification system without spilling it. In the sorter 100 , a suction port is provided at the bottom vertically of the first sorting layer 110a , and the centrifugal ejector 200 is provided with a suction port 230 at the top vertically.

In relation to the operation relationship or construction waste classification method of the construction waste classification system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the construction waste classification system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an embodiment of the present invention It shows a flowchart of a construction waste classification method according to an example. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , the construction waste classification system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a ramp, a sorter, a centrifugal ejector, a dust collector, and the like.

First, the construction waste 10 accumulated in the construction waste loading site is dropped on the upper part of the first ramp 1 (dropping step, S100). While falling along the ramp 1, it is crushed to a diameter of 25-50 mm or less by the first crushing roller 5. By this critical angle of inclination, the construction waste 10 can maintain an appropriate falling speed at which the first crushing roller 5 is not overloaded (first crushing step, S200). Construction waste 10 with a diameter of 25 to 50 mm or less reaches the second ramp 3, falls along the second ramp 3 with an inclination angle of 40 to 50 degrees, and is 25 mm in diameter by the second crushing roller 7 crushed below. By this critical angle of inclination, the construction waste 10 can maintain mobility while minimizing dust generation (second crushing step, S300)

The construction waste 10 crushed by the second crushing roller 7 is put into the sorter 100 through the ramp. The construction waste 10 put on the top of the first sorting layer 110a of the sorter 100 is sorted by a plurality of rollers having a diameter of 5mm mesh. The construction waste 10 having a diameter of more than 5 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm passes through the first sorting layer 110a and is put into the first transport conveyor as it is. The construction waste 10 with a diameter of more than 5 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm that is put into the first transfer conveyor is put into the first centrifugal ejector, which is one of the centrifugal ejectors 200 .

The construction waste 10 having a diameter of 5 mm or less passing through a plurality of rollers having a diameter of 5 mm mesh in the first screening layer 110a is input to the second screening layer 110b. The construction waste 10 with a diameter of 5 mm or less is screened by a screen on the lower surface of the second screening layer 110b having a diameter of 1 mm mesh. The construction waste 10 having a diameter of more than 1 mm and less than 5 mm is passed through the second sorting layer 110b and is fed to the second conveying conveyor as it is. The construction waste 10 with a diameter of more than 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm that is put into the second transfer conveyor is put into the second centrifugal ejector, which is one of the centrifugal ejectors 200 .

Construction waste 10 having a diameter of 1 mm or less passing through a screen having a mesh of 1 mm in diameter in the second screening layer 110c is input to the third screening layer 110c. This construction waste 10 with a diameter of 1 mm or less is defined as a concrete bonsai and is accommodated in the concrete bonsai collection unit as it is (identification step, S400)

In the first centrifugal ejector and the second centrifugal ejector, the work of discharging the concrete bonsai strongly embedded in the construction waste 10 with a diameter of more than 5 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm and the construction waste 10 with a diameter of more than 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm is performed, respectively. This is because simply using gravity is insufficient for discharging, and centrifugal force is applied to discharge the concrete bonsai buried in the construction waste 10 . Each centrifugal ejector 200 is provided with a rotary tube 210 having a diameter of 1 mm mesh, and through rotation, the construction waste 10 having a diameter of 1 mm or less, that is, concrete bonsai is discharged and collected. Through this, the construction waste 10 with a diameter of more than 5 mm and less than 25 mm and the construction waste 10 with a diameter of more than 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm can obtain a relatively pure state in which the concrete bonsai is discharged (discharge step, S500)

The relatively pure aggregate (construction waste with a diameter of more than 5 mm and less than 25 mm) and sand (construction waste with a diameter of more than 1 mm and less than 5 mm) in a relatively pure state obtained at this time has the effect of facilitating recycling because cement dust is minimized. That is, the productivity of the construction waste classification system is improved. In addition, there is an effect that all these processes can be configured to be automated. Compared to the conventional construction waste classification system, the process is shortened and economical efficiency and productivity are improved.

The definitions regarding the diameters of the mesh or concrete bonsai, sand, and aggregate used in an embodiment of the present invention are merely examples, and the mesh and the above definitions may be changed as needed within the scope that does not impair the purpose of the present invention.

As described above, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features thereof. Therefore, the above-described embodiments are to be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

1: 1st ramp
3: Second ramp
5: First crushing roller
7: Second crushing roller
9: Vinyl
10: Construction waste
100: selector
110a, b, c: first, second, and third selected layers
120a, b, c: Collection ports 1, 2, 3
130: inlet
200: centrifugal ejector
210: rotating barrel
220: inlet
230: intake
240a,b: Collection ports 4 and 5

Claims (1)

a ramp in which construction waste is dropped on the upper part, and the inclination angle increases toward the lower part;
a plurality of crushing rollers provided in the middle of the slope of the slope, rotating and pressing the construction waste to crush the construction waste descending along the slope;
It consists of a plurality of layers inclined to one side at the lower end of the ramp, the upper part is opened vertically so that the crushed construction waste is put in, and the lower part of each floor is vertically lower so that the selected construction waste is discharged. This is opened, the lower surface of each layer is configured to have a predetermined mesh to sort the crushed construction waste by size
A separator and a plurality of collection units each receiving the construction waste sorted by particle size in the separator for each particle size, wherein each layer of the sorter is composed of a denser mesh as it is closer to the bottom, and the separator is a predetermined A construction waste sorting system configured to vibrate at a frequency.

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