KR20210118928A - Apparatus and method for aquaculture of fish and shellfish - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for aquaculture of fish and shellfish that can efficiently remove fishmeal without using a biological filtration device in a culture apparatus for fish and shellfish, and can culture a large amount of fish and shellfish with a small amount of water. .
The feed water of the fish and shellfish breeding tank 2 is circulated to collect the fish meal in the recess 3 at the bottom of the tank, and this is continuously discarded from the drain pipe to the outside. The specification water of the specification tank 2 is continuously drained from the drain port 13 of the side wall 2A of the specification tank 2 to the screen filtration device 17 in the purification tank 14, filtered, and the purification water tank 14 ), the filtered water is introduced into the carbon dioxide removal device 20, and the same amount of water discharged from the drain 4 at the bottom of the tank is repaired, and the oxygen dissolver 21 contains the required amount of oxygen. , so that water flow in a certain direction is generated in the specification tank 2 by the water injection device 22, water is continuously poured.

Description

Apparatus and method for aquaculture of fish and shellfish

The present invention relates to a fishery culture apparatus and method capable of culturing trout and other fish and shellfish in a small amount and in a large amount without using a biological filter.

A large amount of running water is required to culture fish and shellfish such as trout in a tank. In addition, it is considered a big problem how to efficiently dispose of fish meal excreted in an amount equal to the feeding amount, how to maintain an appropriate oxygen concentration, and how to efficiently cultivate a large amount of fish and shellfish in a small space. .

For example, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a biological filtration device is disposed in the circulation channel of the fish and shellfish culture device and filtered to significantly increase the number of farmed animals per 1 m 3 .

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2018-201489

In the invention in Patent Document 1, since a large-scale biological filtration device is disposed in the circulation channel of the fish and shellfish culture device, the entire fish and shellfish culture device becomes large, increasing the drying cost, and it becomes a large-scale project. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for a fish farming apparatus suitable for small-scale businesses.

If the aquaculture equipment for fish and shellfish is miniaturized by omitting the biofilter, a big problem arises as to how to carry out the nitrification process in water.

As a result of repeated research to respond to this problem, the present invention maintains fresh water quality by omitting the nitrification process by a biological filtration device, excluding fishmeal, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and system for aquaculture of dogs.

In order to solve the said subject, this invention devised the following technical means.

(1) a drain hole formed at the center of the concave shape of the trough of the tank bottom, a drain tube formed outside the side wall drain hole formed on the side wall of the sink tank, and a screen filtration device connected through an upper drain pipe installed in the drain tube In a fish farming apparatus comprising a purified water tank provided with an externally installed watering device, water is supplied so that the water in the water tank is circulated in a certain direction, and the fish meal and remaining food in the water are drained. The cistern floor drain port capable of discharging about 20% of the total amount of drainage and an error of ±10% of the total amount of drainage in a certain period of time is formed by connecting the cistern bottom drain pipe in the basement, and the side wall About 80% of the total amount of drainage at a given time and the amount of water with an error of ±10% from the drain port are drained into the purification tank through the upper drain pipe capable of being discharged, and the floating dust in the water is filtered by the screen filtration device therein. The filtered water collected in the purification tank is sent to the carbon dioxide removal device by pumping a certain amount for a certain period of time to lower the water level in the purification tank, and from the drain tube outside the sidewall drain hole through the upper drain pipe. The water in the upper layer of the dry tank is discharged to the purification tank, and a certain amount of fresh water equal to the water drained from the bottom drain of the tank in the dry tank is supplied and supplied for a certain amount of time from the maintenance device to the carbon dioxide removal device to dissolve oxygen A fish and shellfish aquaculture apparatus configured to continuously inject water in a high oxygen state into which oxygen is contained therein by injecting it into a tank so that a water flow in a certain direction is generated in the specification tank by the water injection device.

(2) A purification tank having a tank bottom drain hole formed in the center of the concave portion of the trough shape of the tank bottom, and a screen filtration device connected through an upper drain pipe installed in a drain tank formed outside the side wall drain hole formed on the side wall of the tank bottom In a fish and shellfish aquaculture apparatus consisting of a water tank, by watering the water in the water tank so that it flows in a certain direction by a watering device installed outside, the fish meal and remaining food in the water tank are collected in the center of the recess in the bottom of the tank, , discharged together with the specification water from the bottom drain port of the bath, and drains the specification water from the upper layer through the upper drainage pipe from the drain tube outside the sidewall drain port of the specification tank to the screen filtration device in the purification tank, The upper drain pipe is removed from the drain pipe outside the side wall drain port by filtering the floating dust in the water, and lowering the water level in the purification tank by sending a certain amount of filtered water collected in the purification tank to the carbon dioxide removal device for a certain period of time. The water in the upper layer of the dry tank is discharged to the purification tank through the A method for culturing fish and shellfish by containing oxygen therein, and continuously pouring this water into the dry tank by the watering device.

(Effects of the Invention)

According to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited.

In the invention described in (1) above, the central part of the bottom surface of the breeding tank is a recess, and the breeding water is circulated in a certain direction, so the heavy fish meal or remaining food in the breeding water gradually gathers in the recess in the center of the breeding tank. .

By discharging from the tank bottom drain in the recess connected to the external tank bottom drain pipe, the fish meal and remaining food collected in the recess are discharged together with the feed water to the outside. It is not necessary to arrange a large-scale biological filtration device in the fishery culture apparatus, and the drying cost of the fishery culture apparatus can be significantly reduced.

In addition, since the sidewall drain port of the dying tank is connected to the purification tank, the fish meal and remaining food floating in the dying water are filtered by the screen filtration device, and the water in the purification tank that has passed through the screen filtration device is discharged from the bottom drain port of the sinking tank. The water quantity equal to the drained quantity is repaired with the repair device, and the water in the dry water tank is always kept constant by passing it through the carbon dioxide removal device and returning it to the dry tank by containing oxygen in a high oxygen state by the oxygen dissolver in the repaired water. . In addition, since sufficient oxygen is supplied and maintained as clear water, there is no need to arrange a large-scale biofilter in the aquaculture apparatus, and thus the drying cost of the aquaculture apparatus for fish and shellfish can be greatly reduced.

In order to return this water to the feeding tank, the water is poured so that a flow in a certain direction is generated in the feeding tank by the watering device. are naturally aggregated in For this reason, it is possible to achieve a specification density several times that of a general overflow method with a much smaller amount of drainage and maintenance than the conventional overflow method, and the cost of fish farming can be reduced.

In the invention described in (2) above, the heavy fish meal and remaining food, etc. in the dry water can be naturally collected in the center of the recess in the center of the dry water tank by circulating the feed water in a certain direction in the feed tank. Since the fish meal or remaining food collected in the recess is discarded together with the feed water discharged from the tank bottom drain of the recess, turbidity of the feed water is unlikely to occur.

The fine floating fish powder in the dry water is filtered by a screen filtration device in the purification tank, and carbon dioxide is removed from this water, and the water equal to the amount drained from the tank bottom drain of the dry water tank is repaired by the water maintenance device, and carbon dioxide is removed. It passes through the removal device, contains oxygen in a high oxygen state by the oxygen dissolver, and returns this water to the water tank so that it flows in a certain direction by the water injection device, so the water is always maintained like clear water, While circulation occurs in the inside, the specification fishery is healthy.

Compared with the conventional discharge method, the amount of wastewater is small, and it can be made several times the specified amount by the same amount of water in the breeding tank, so that the cost of fish farming can be significantly reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a top view which shows an example of the aquaculture apparatus of the seafood by this invention.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line II-II in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line III-III in Fig. 1;
4 is a plan view in which the opening and closing cover of the tank bottom drain and the pier are added in the specification tank of FIG. 1 .
FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 4 .

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, the specification tank 2 in the fish and shellfish culture apparatus 1 of the present invention is inclined downward from the peripheral end toward the center of the bottom surface of the specification tank 2, which is substantially circular in plan view. is a concave portion 3 in the shape of a mortar.

A side wall drain port 13 is formed on one end side of the side wall 2A of the specification tank 2, and a drain pipe 2B is provided on the outer side thereof. A purification water tank 14 for filtering the waste water from the specification tank 2 is disposed on the opposite side thereof, and the valve 15A is installed so as to reach the bottom upper surface of the purification water tank 14 from the bottom surface of the drain tank 2B. The provided upper drain pipe 15 is disposed.

A pump 19 is installed outside the purification tank 14, and the pumping pipe 19A pumps the filtered water in the purification tank 14 to a carbon dioxide removal device 20, a controller (not shown) A certain amount of water is supplied every predetermined time by the , and accordingly, when the water level in the purification tank 14 goes down, the drainage from the sidewall drain 13 enters the purification tank 14 due to the difference in water level. A screen filtration device 17 is disposed in the purification water tank 14 to filter fish meal and other fine dust in the waste water flowing out from the drain tube 2B.

Fresh water from the maintenance device 18 disposed on the lateral side of the carbon dioxide removal device 20 is repaired in an equivalent amount from the tank bottom drain 4 to be described later, and is sent to the oxygen dissolver 21, and the water supply device The water in the specification tank 2 flows in a certain direction by the pouring water discharged from 22 in one direction.

The diameter of the specification tank 2 is appropriately set according to the type or quantity of the specification fishery products. The depth of water in the fish tank 2 is appropriately set depending on the type of fish and the quantity of fish and shellfish.

For example, water depth: diameter is based on 1:3 to 1:5, and the central portion of the concave portion 3 is deeper by about 20 to 50 cm.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a tank bottom drain 4 is formed in the center of the recess 3 , and a tank bottom drain pipe 6 connected to an external reservoir 5 is provided on the lower surface of the tank bottom drain 4 . connection is installed. The opening and closing stopper 7 by manual and automatic control as shown in FIG. 5 may be attached to the said tank bottom drain pipe 6 . It has a diameter that makes it possible to drain about 20% of the total amount of drainage from the specification group 2 and an error of ±10% within a certain period of time.

There are two methods for this drainage.

(1) One of them releases the opening/closing plug 7 shown in FIG. 5 after releasing the specification fishery products into the specification tank 2, and for a certain period of time, for example, 24 hours, about 20% of the total amount of drainage, error ± To set the diameter of the tank bottom drain (4) so that 10% of the water can be discharged.

In this case, the reservoir 5 and the tank bottom drain pipe 6 are set to an appropriate drop for the low-end tank 2 , and all water is not drained from the low-end tank 2 so as to maintain a constant water level.

As a result, heavy fish meal and remaining food, etc., which diffuse in the feed water circulating in the sinking tank 2, gradually collect in the center of the recess 3 at the bottom of the tank, and are discharged from the drain hole 4 at the bottom of the tank. Since the drained water is disposed of from the tank bottom drain (4) to the external reservoir (5) through the tank bottom drain pipe (6) below, the fish meal, etc. that collects in the recess (3) is collected as soon as it is collected through the tank bottom drain (4). ) will be discarded.

Since the amount of specification water to be discarded by this discharge is about 20% of the total displacement and ±10% of the error, it is finished at one-fifth of that of a general overflow. By draining from the tank bottom drain 4 formed in the recess 3, for example, about 70 to 80% of the fish meal in the sink 2 can be discharged, so the tank 2 is kept clean. can keep it

(2) As another drainage method, when a certain amount of fishmeal is collected in the recess 3, the opening/closing stopper 7 of the tank bottom drain 4 is automatically opened every predetermined time, for example, every 3 hours, and the collected fishmeal is is discarded from the bath bottom drain (4) in a short time. However, this does not change the amount of discarded water, so when considering management aspects, it is more practical to discharge.

The upper part of the screw rod (8) for opening and closing installed vertically from the opening and closing stopper (7) of the bottom drain port (4) is supported by the fixing part (11) of the pier (10) supported horizontally by the post (9). The opening and closing stopper 7 can be opened and closed by rotating the handle 8A at the upper end of the screw rod 8, but an electric gear of automatic control is arranged in the fixing part 11, and automatic opening and closing is performed. can do. The structure and opening/closing method of this opening/closing stopper 7 are arbitrary.

In addition, around the opening and closing stopper 7, a protection net 12 is provided long so that fish and fish do not enter.

In FIG. 1, the side wall drain port 13 is formed in the right place of 2 A of side walls of the specification tank 2, and the drain pipe 2B is formed as shown in FIG.

The punching metal 16 is provided long inside the side wall drain port 13 in the said side wall 2A so that a fish may not come out. An upper drain pipe 15 connected upwardly from the bottom surface of the purification water tank 14 is fixed to the lower surface of the drain tube 2B, and a valve 15A can be mounted for maintenance.

The upper drain pipe 15 has a diameter such that about 80% of the total amount of drainage and the amount of water with an error of ±10% are drained for a certain period of time, for example, 24 hours.

The dry water can filter fish meal, etc. in the dry water by the screen filtration device 17 .

Fine fish powder, etc. included in the water in the water tank 2 is filtered by the screen filtration device 17 , and the filtered water is collected in the purification tank 14 .

Fish meal or the like adhering to the surface of the screen filtration device 17 is automatically peeled off and recovered by a peeling tool (not shown) as the screen filtration device 17 rotates.

From the side wall drain 13 formed in the side wall 2A, fine suspended matter such as fish meal in the feed tank 2 can be discharged together with the feed water, and the tank bottom drain 4 of the recess 3 and Together, for a certain period of time, it is possible to replace the entire amount of the specification water to make it clean water.

By setting the micrometer mesh size of the screen filtration device 17 to 60 μm to 90 μm, the filtered specification water becomes almost transparent like clear water.

The filtered water filtered by the screen filtration device 17 is pumped up by the pumping pump 19 installed in the purification tank 14, and passed through the carbon dioxide removal device 20, such as While this discharged carbon dioxide is removed and the pH is adjusted, an equivalent amount of water discharged from the tank bottom drain 4 by the water maintenance device 18 is supplied to dilute ammonia.

The pH adjustment, for example, receives a signal from a sensor installed in the water tank, controls the on/off of the power supply of the blower installed in the carbon dioxide removal device 20 according to the pH value, and adjusts the amount of carbon dioxide exhaust to achieve the desired value. Adjust to pH.

After the water sent to the oxygen dissolver 21 contains oxygen in a saturated state, a flow rate in a certain direction into the specification tank 2 by the water injection device 22 is, for example, about 15 cm/s to 20 cm/s. It is continuously watered so that the circulation of The continuously poured water circulates along the side wall 2A surface of the specification tank 2 .

The number of discharge pipes of the watering device 22 may be one or a plurality, and by arranging a plurality of discharge tubes horizontally or vertically in a direction as along the sidewall 2A surface of the specification tank 2, the specification tank 2 ) to generate a constant flow in the same direction.

Water in the purification tank 14 passes through the pump 19, the carbon dioxide removal device 20, and the oxygen dissolver 21, and flows in a certain direction to the specification tank 2 by the water injection device 22. As the water is watered in such a way that it is watered in such a way that the feed water gets dirty by feeding, the feed water in the feed tank 2 is continuously replaced even if it gets dirty by fine fish meal, etc. As it does not change, the influence of contamination is unlikely to occur.

With this fish and shellfish culture device 1, even small fish such as trout who like cold, clear water can actively decline to live in clear flowing water, and it uses more water than the conventional complete circulation type breeding tank, but the general overflow Compared to the specification group in the formula, the quantity is much smaller, and the specification quantity is 5 or 6 times per cubic meter of specification water.

In addition, since it does not require a large-scale biofiltration device, it is possible to carry out high-efficiency aquaculture on a small scale even in places with poor terrain, which can greatly contribute to the fishery industry.

In addition, a general automatic feeding device is arranged in the specification tank 2 . If necessary, blinds or a roof may be installed on the specification group 02, or the specification group 2 may be installed indoors. If the water flow circulates in a certain direction, the water tank 2 may have a polygonal shape rather than a circular shape.

The specification of fishery products is not limited to trout and the like, and seawater or similar water can be used to breed seafood.

(industrial applicability)

According to the present invention, fishmeal and the like can be efficiently disposed of in the breeding tank without installing a large-scale biological filtering device in the aquaculture apparatus. It can be widely used.

1: Aquaculture equipment for fish and shellfish 2: Saengjoo
2A: side wall 2B: drain trough
3: recess 4: jaw bottom drain
5: Reservoir 6: Tank bottom drain pipe
7: opening and closing stopper 8: screw rod
8A: Handle 9: Shoring
10: Pier 11: Fixed part
12: protective net 13: sidewall drain hole
14: purification tank 15: upper drain pipe
15A: valve 16: punched metal
17: screen filtration device 18: maintenance device
19: pumping pump 20: carbon dioxide removal device
21: oxygen dissolver 22: watering device

Claims (2)

A purification tank having a tank bottom drain hole formed in the center of the trough-shaped recess of the tank bottom, a drain tube formed outside of the side wall drain hole formed on the side wall of the sink tank, and a screen filtration device connected through an upper drain pipe installed in the drain tank In the fish and shellfish aquaculture apparatus comprising a water tank, the water in the water tank is supplied with a watering device installed outside to circulate in a certain direction, and the fish meal and the remaining food in the water tank are fed into the tank bottom recessed part. It is assembled in the central part, and the tank bottom drain capable of discharging about 20% of the total drainage amount and an error of ±10% in a certain time is connected to the underground tank bottom drain pipe, and formed from the side wall drain hole at a certain time About 80% of the total amount of drainage and the amount of error ±10% are drained into the purification tank through the upper drain pipe, and the floating dust in the water is filtered by the screen filtration device therein to the purification tank. The collected filtered water is pumped for a certain amount of time to the carbon dioxide removal device by pumping a certain amount to lower the water level in the purification tank, so that the water in the upper layer of the water tank from the drain tank outside the side wall drain hole through the upper drain pipe. is discharged to the purification tank, and a certain amount of fresh water equal to the water drained from the tank bottom drain of the specification tank is supplied from the maintenance device to the carbon dioxide removal device for a certain period of time and supplied to the oxygen dissolver, and the A fish and shellfish culture apparatus, characterized in that it is configured to continuously inject water in a high oxygen state containing oxygen therein so that a water flow in a certain direction is generated in the specification tank by the water injection device. A purifying tank having a tank bottom drain hole formed in the center of the trough-shaped recess of the tank bottom, and a purifying tank equipped with a screen filtration device connected through an upper drain pipe installed in a drain tank formed outside the side wall drain hole formed on the side wall of the tank bottom In the fish and shellfish aquaculture apparatus, by pouring water in the dry tank so that it flows in a certain direction with a watering device installed outside, the fish meal and remaining food in the feed water are collected in the center of the tank bottom recess, Discharging together with the draining water from the bottom drain, and draining the upper layer of the draining water from the drain tube outside the side wall drain of the sinking tank through the upper drain pipe to the screen filtration device in the purification tank, floating in the water Filtering the dust and sending a certain amount of filtered water collected in the purification tank to a carbon dioxide removal device for a certain period of time to lower the water level in the purification tank, from the drain tank outside the sidewall drain hole through the upper drain pipe. The water in the upper layer of the tank is discharged into the purification tank, and fresh water equal to the amount of water drained from the bottom drain of the tank in the specification tank is supplied to the carbon dioxide removal device by the maintenance device, and the oxygen dissolver is injected into the oxygen dissolver A method for culturing fish and shellfish by containing oxygen and continuously pouring this water into the dry tank by the watering device.

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