KR20210113984A - Magnetic Flooring System Adhesive Composition - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid adhesive coating composition that cures to solid form used for non-permanent attachment of interior flooring or wall coverings to substrate flooring or wall surfaces, respectively, comprises an iron or other paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic component. polymers, which when cured permanently adhere to the substrate, then also provide a low tack adhesive surface of magnetic attraction and thereon certain types of carpet, linoleum, vinyl, wallpaper and other types of self-backing A magnetized floor or wall covering including a covered covering may be subsequently installed.
The combined low tack adhesive and self-adhesive qualities of the cured composition of the present invention remain in place during normal use while allowing the self-backed flooring or wall covering to adhere sufficiently well to the surface of the cured adhesive composition. while retaining the ability for the covering to be subsequently removed, repositioned or replaced without damaging the respective covering, adhesive coating composition layer or substrate.

Description

Magnetic Flooring System Adhesive Composition

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to magnetic and adhesive coating compositions used for adhering interior flooring and wall coverings to substrate surfaces, in particular magnetic backings usually in the form of tiles or rolls such as certain types of linoleum, vinyl, carpet and wallpaper. It relates to a flexible covering provided with a magnetic backing.

Modern interior hard floor coverings have developed from slate, stone, ceramic, clay and other types of tiles, and cementitious liquids and pastes that are loosely or firmly laid out or grouted, dried or set to solid form on soil or clay substrates. placed on or attached to a wood or cementitious substrate using These early types of rigid floors are still in common use. Although modern floor adhesives still include these aforementioned types, there has generally been a shift towards using polymers, alone or in combination with cementitious materials, to attach rigid floor coverings to individual substrate floors. Rigid composite laminate flooring systems have also become quite popular in recent years and are a modern example of rigidly placed interlocking pieces that are not typically bonded to a substrate flooring with an adhesive.

Various types of rigid floor coverings are important, but less important than before. Flexible floor coverings currently form a significant portion of the flooring market. Rigid wall coverings have developed similarly to floor coverings, and ceramic tiles, often used in kitchens and bathrooms, are a common modern example of rigid wall covering systems.

Initial interior flexible floor coverings that can be rolled or bent include animal hides, mats or carpets made from plants, animal fur and other fabrics such as wool, fibrous materials, and fabrics made from various woven and nonwoven types. There is a wide range of carpet types and styles that have developed along different paths in different parts of the world. Carpet, linoleum, vinyl and flexible laminate floors, now often made of synthetic polymers, have evolved from earlier types.

The internal flexible floor covering is loosely placed or attached to the substrate using nails, nails, screws, and/or other types of mechanical fasteners. They may also be attached to the substrate with or without mechanical fasteners, using liquid or paste adhesives that dry or otherwise cure into a rigid or flexible (elastomeric) bonding layer. Cementitious liquids and pastes are not generally used to attach flexible floor coverings to their respective substrates. Currently, flexible floor coverings using adhesives often include non-cementitious adhesive polymers in combination with mechanical fasteners. In the case of carpeting and some other floor types, various underlays, such as flexible foam sheets, may be between the carpet and the substrate floor and are often sandwiched therebetween.

Many of the flexible floor coverings described above may also be used as wall coverings. However, the most common type of interior wall covering is paint, and wallpaper is also a very important type. Currently used wall substrates include stone, brick, concrete, concrete masonry blocks and wood boards and panels, as well as some of the earlier types of plaster, but modern interior wall systems are mostly made up of smooth joints and are made of paint, wallpaper, or other types of walls. Manufactured using gypsum wallboard ready to receive one or more coatings of the covering.

Various types of paints, varnishes and other finishes are applied as liquids with brushes, rollers or sprayers and then dried or otherwise cured into a solid finish coat. Wallpaper is usually attached using a non-cementitious liquid adhesive that similarly dries or cures in solid form. Wallpaper is often installed using starch-based adhesives. Vinyl peel-and-stick wallpaper is available, but less common than conventional wallpaper requiring a separate adhesive layer.

In the case of interior floors and walls, flexible coverings are still often used on top of rigid or flexible coverings. For example, bearskin can be hung on a painted wall, or laid loosely on top of a mat or carpet, which, in the example of an additional layer, is that the mat or carpet is masonry tile grouted and cementitious compound used. to be installed on a stone tile floor that is attached to a wood or concrete floor substrate.

Flexible coverings are typically delivered and installed from rolls, packages of flat strips or bundles or boxes of tiles.

Paints and other types of coating compounds that are applied as a liquid and dried or cured to a solid and permanently attached to the wall are also used on floor substrates, although not as common as those used for walls. In the case of floors, the most common case of painting or coating floors using liquid application is the commercial and industrial flooring sector, usually on concrete or steel flooring substrates. The ship floor, commonly referred to as the deck, is covered in this way.

From the above discussion it can be seen that it is often desired to have a floor or wall covering that is not permanently attached to the respective floor or wall substrate, except in the case of paint that is generally relatively easily recoated without the need to remove the original paint covering. it is very clear This is particularly desirable for many flexible applications. The hope of non-permanent adhesion is less common for rigid flooring types, but replaces damaged floor tiles without having to engage in difficult and expensive removal and replacement procedures that damage or destroy the coverings, adhesive layers and/or substrates that are normally removed. There are those who prefer to be able to change the rigid floor tiles that can change the style or sometimes change the style.

Floor and wall adhesives are generally considered permanent, meaning that they are used only once to secure the covering on the respective substrate. When the old covering is removed and a new covering is installed, the adhesive layer is destroyed and must be replaced. The covering is also usually destroyed and replaced with a new covering. Such removal and replacement does not normally occur in the case of paint. When paint is used as a covering, the existing paint covering simply has one or more additional paint layers applied on top of the existing paint. This occurs in some situations but is not common with other types of flooring or wall coverings. For example, wallpaper may adhere another layer on top of an existing one, but this is not considered the best approach. Although more expensive and difficult, a better practice is to peel off the old wallpaper and adhesive layer and then apply the new wallpaper and new adhesive. Non-permanent adhesives are generally not very effective for use with carpets and other floor or wall coverings because they tend to degrade over time and/or with repeated use.

In the case of wall-to-wall carpet installation, especially in the case of large area installations, it is often desirable to adhere the carpet. When installing vinyl tiles, as is the case with most types of tile flooring, whether flexible or rigid type, it is generally considered a requirement that the tile be bonded to the substrate using an adhesive. Due to the large area often involved, these adhesives need to be cost effective on a per unit area basis. When replacement of the adhesive layer is necessary, the cost is usually not considered prohibitive.

Self-adhesive systems for attaching wall and floor coverings to respective wall and floor substrates have recently gained acceptance in a limited market. They tend to be rather expensive compared to conventional adhesives. However, the advantage of being able to remove, relocate and/or replace the covering without damaging the covering, the substrate or the magnetically attractive layer of the substrate has turned out to be a significant advantage.

A liquid adhesive coating composition that cures to solid form used for non-permanent attachment of interior flooring or wall coverings to substrate flooring or wall surfaces, respectively, comprises an iron or other paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic component. polymers, which, when cured, permanently adhere to the substrate, then also provide a low tack adhesive surface of magnetic attraction and thereon certain types of carpet, linoleum, vinyl, wallpaper and other types of self-backing A magnetized floor or wall covering including a covered covering may be subsequently installed. The combined low tack adhesive and magnetic attraction qualities of the cured composition of the present invention remain in place during normal use while allowing the self-backed flooring or wall covering to adhere sufficiently well to the surface of the cured adhesive composition. while retaining the ability for the covering to be subsequently removed, repositioned or replaced without damaging the respective covering, cured adhesive coating composition or substrate.

The combined magnetic attraction and low tack adhesive effect of a repositionable floor or wall covering installed on each substrate coated with the composition of the present invention, as further described in the detailed description herein, is characterized by magnetic attraction and non-permanent properties. can be changed by changing one or both of the chemical adhesion modalities.

The compositions of the present invention include embodiments in which the adhesive compound is cured to the form of an elastomeric foam, and the foam is produced by a secondary chemical reaction when the composition is cured from a liquid to a solid form. The elastomeric foam also has magnetic attraction and low tack adhesive qualities combined with additional cushioning and acoustic dampening qualities.

The compositions of the present invention include embodiments in which the adhesive composition cures at ambient or elevated temperature. Exemplary embodiments can be made in roll or sheet form, as well as adhesive compounds applied to the substrate floors or walls as a liquid, placed on the substrate flooring or walls, and subsequently heated to apply these to the respective substrates. bonding adhesive compounds.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a composition comprising magnetic and/or magnetisable particles plasticized by a polyurethane and derived from a mixture of components, said composition comprising:

(a) a first component comprising from about 5% to about 20% by weight of the composition of a polymerizable isocyanate; and

(b) as a second component:

glycerides; and

the second component comprising magnetic and/or magnetisable particles in the range of from about 50% to about 90% by weight of the second component, the balance being glycerides.

According to some embodiments, the mixture of ingredients may contain about 11% by weight isocyanate, the balance being substantially the same, eg, containing equal amounts of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles and glyceride.

According to some embodiments, the glycerides may be derived from one or more starting materials of agricultural origin.

According to some embodiments, the glyceride may be castor oil.

According to some embodiments, the isocyanate may be a mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polymethane polyphenyl isocyanate. According to some embodiments, the MDI may provide from about 30% to 60% by weight of the mixture.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be selected from the group consisting of paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic materials. According to some embodiments, the particles are iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, dysprosium, iron-nickel alloy (permalloy), iron (II,III) oxide (magnetite), iron (III) oxide (hematite), ferrosilicon , mixed iron oxides, mixed iron oxides with other metal oxides from the transition element group such as iron-nickel oxides, or combinations thereof. According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may include iron in the form of ferrosilicon containing at least 50% by weight iron.

According to some embodiments, the composition may further comprise a pigment. According to some embodiments, the pigment may provide 2% by weight of the first component.

According to some embodiments, the composition may further comprise a desiccant. According to some embodiments, the desiccant may provide about 1% by weight of the first component. According to some embodiments, the desiccant may be a synthetic zeolite.

According to some embodiments, the composition may further comprise an accelerator to accelerate curing. According to some embodiments, the accelerator may include an organometallic compound. According to some embodiments, the organometallic compound may include dioctyltindilaurate (DOTL). According to some embodiments, the accelerator may include a tertiary amine. According to some embodiments, the tertiary amine may include dimethylethanolamine (DMEA).

According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a composition comprising iron plasticized by a polyurethane and derived from a mixture of the following components:

(a) a first component comprising from about 5% to about 20% by weight of a polymerizable isocyanate; and

(b) a second component comprising a mixture of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles with a glyceride containing in the range of from about 50% to about 90% by weight of the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, the balance being glycerides.

According to a further third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising:

(a) a first component comprising a polymerizable isocyanate; and

(b) a second component comprising a mixture of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles and a glyceride.

According to another fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising:

(a) adhesives; and

(b) magnetic and/or magnetisable particles incorporated into the adhesive, having a minimum diameter greater than 100 nm.

According to some embodiments, the particles may provide from about 30% to about 80% by weight of the total composition. According to some embodiments, the particles may provide about 67% by weight of the total composition.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may include an ambient temperature cured adhesive.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may include a moisture cured adhesive.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a polymer-based adhesive.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a hot melt cured adhesive.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a tacky adhesive.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a single component adhesive. According to some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a two-component adhesive.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise polyurethane.

According to some embodiments, the adhesive may include an elastomer.

According to some embodiments, the particles are iron-based particles, said iron-based particles comprising at least 90 wt% iron (Fe), preferably at least 95 wt% iron, preferably 99 wt% iron.

According to some embodiments, the iron-containing ferrosilicon particles comprise 15% to 50% by weight silicon (Si). The particles may be 85% iron containing ferrosilicon.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cured composition, wherein the composition is derived from a mixture comprising the following components:

(a) a first component comprising a polymerizable isocyanate;

(b) a second component comprising a glyceride, and

(c) magnetic and magnetisable particles admixed in at least one of the first component and the second component;

wherein the polymerizable isocyanate provides from about 10 weight percent to about 45 weight percent cured composition and the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles provide a total cured composition ranging from about 30 weight percent to about 80 weight percent.

According to some embodiments, the glyceride may include castor oil. According to some embodiments, the castor oil could be modified to include between about 1% and 2% by weight pigment. According to some embodiments, the castor oil could be modified to include about 0.5% to 1% by weight desiccant. According to some embodiments, the castor oil could be modified to include about 0.01% to 1% by weight blowing agent. According to some embodiments, castor oil may be modified to include at least one of an emulsifier and a surfactant. According to some embodiments, the castor oil could be modified to include at least a small amount of a hardener.

According to some embodiments, magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be added to the resulting mixture of the first and second components while the resulting mixture of the first and second components is still in a liquid state. have.

According to some embodiments, magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be added to the second component prior to mixing the resulting mixture with the first component.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be in the form of granules, or may be in the form of a powder, flakes or fillers or combinations thereof.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be granular or powdered, and may have an average diameter of from about 10 nm to about 500 micrometers. According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may have an average diameter greater than 100 nm and less than about 500 micrometers.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may include iron.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may include iron and/or ferrosilicon having a total iron content of at least about 80% by weight.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may comprise steel or iron particles encapsulated in a corrosion resistant coating comprising at least about 80 weight percent iron.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be selected from the group consisting of paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic materials. According to some embodiments, the particles are iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, dysprosium, iron-nickel alloy (permalloy), iron (II,III) oxide (magnetite), iron (III) oxide (hematite), ferrosilicon , mixed iron oxides, mixed iron oxides with other metal oxides from the transition element group such as iron-nickel oxides, and combinations thereof.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an article of manufacture comprising a cured composition derived from a mixture comprising the following components:

(a) a first component comprising from about 5% to about 20% by weight of a polymerizable isocyanate; and

(b) a second component comprising magnetic and/or magnetisable particles and a glyceride, wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are present in the second component in a range from about 50% to about 90% by weight, the balance being glycerides. , the second component.

According to some embodiments, the article may be in the form of an elastomeric adhesive. According to some embodiments, the article may be in the form of a floor or wall covering. According to some embodiments, the article may be in the form of an English adhesive coating. According to some embodiments, the article may be in the form of a non-permanent adhesive coating permanently bonded to a substrate.

According to some embodiments, the composition may comprise:

about 177 parts by weight of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles;

about 69 parts by weight of castor oil;

about 30 parts by weight of an isocyanate;

about 1 part by weight of zeolite.

According to some embodiments, the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may include iron and/or 85% iron-containing ferrosilicon.

According to some embodiments, the glyceride may include castor oil.

The cured composition according to the fifth aspect of the present invention and/or the article of manufacture according to the sixth aspect can be obtained by curing the composition according to the first, second, third or fourth aspect of the present invention. have.

Certain terminology is used herein for convenience only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term includes words specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof, and words of similar meaning. The embodiments set forth below are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. These embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its application and practical use, and to enable those skilled in the art to best utilize the invention.

Reference herein to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, or separate or alternative embodiments are necessarily mutually exclusive with respect to other embodiments. it is not The same applies to the term "implementation".

As used herein, the term “exemplary” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or description. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Instead, use of the word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

Also, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or”. That is, unless otherwise specified or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, X adopts A; X adopts B; or if X employs both A and B, then "X employs A or B" is satisfied under any of the foregoing cases. Also, the articles "a" and "an", as used in this application and the appended claims, are generally to be construed as meaning "one or more" unless specified to be in the singular or clear from the context.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, each numerical value and range is to be construed as being an approximation, as if the terms "about" or "approximately" preceded the value of the value or range.

The steps of the exemplary methods described herein are not necessarily performed in the order described, and it should be understood that the order of steps of such methods is merely exemplary. Likewise, additional steps may be included in these methods, and certain steps may be omitted or combined in methods according to various embodiments of the invention.

Elements in the following method claims, if present, are recited in the specific sequence with the corresponding labeling, if present, but unless the claim otherwise implies a specific sequence for implementing some or all of these elements, these elements must be embodied in that specific sequence. It is not intended to be limited to being

Unless otherwise indicated, when based on percentages (%) of components in a composition, it is to be understood as being based on weight percentages, i.e., the weight of the component as a percentage relative to the total weight of the composition present in the particle moment. .

The prior art makes elastomeric adhesives including silicone, latex and other types of rubber-based adhesives, elastomeric polyurethanes, and the like.

It would be rather cumbersome and exhaustive to attempt to exhaustively list or describe the many suitable ones that can be usefully combined with magnetic and/or magnetisable particles in any amount of detail. A desirable approach taken to make this task more manageable is to focus on some desirable attributes and narrow it down to the currently most desirable.

In its broadest scope, the compositions of the present invention include polymeric adhesives having magnetic and/or magnetisable particles dispersed throughout, which permanently adhere to a substrate as the adhesive cures to solid form. The cured composition has a relatively high elasticity and the exposed surface of the cured composition has a low tack adhesive quality.

Exemplary elastomeric adhesive coating compositions of the present invention may comprise a single component or a two-component component (also referred to as a two-part composition or a two-part composition) having magnetic and/or magnetisable particles included in one or both of the components. ), or alternatively may be added to the field and mixed into one of the ingredients prior to mixing in the other ingredient, or further alternatively, the two ingredients may be first mixed together and then added and mixed in the field. can

Exemplary embodiments of the elastomeric adhesive coating composition include mixing the components together at a minimum, less than about 250 cPs kinematic viscosity at about 25 degrees Celsius or about 77 degrees Fahrenheit (prior to adding the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles). It has a sufficiently low viscosity in both components so that the maximum amount of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles can be included in the composition of the present invention, while maintaining the necessary effort. The mixing of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles can be performed using a simple hand tool such as an electric drill with a stirring stick or mixing paddle. It is not and should not be necessary to mix the composition for field application using an industrial paint shaker or other bulky or expensive equipment.

Exemplary embodiments of the composition do not rely on atmospheric moisture for curing, although moisture cured adhesives may be used within the scope of the present invention. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention also include liquid or solid single component adhesives having magnetic and/or magnetisable particles incorporated into the adhesive. Single-part solvent-based, latex and acrylic liquid compositions are less preferred than two-component liquid compositions, despite the convenience of not having to mix the two-component liquid compositions in precise proportions, although such adhesives are still within the scope of the present invention.

Exemplary embodiments include in an adhesive that can be made in solid form, such as a roll or sheet, placed on a substrate floor or walls, and subsequently heated or pressed to bond them to the respective substrate floor or walls. non-liquid or solid adhesive compounds, which are adhesive compounds having magnetic and/or magnetisable particles formed therein. These adhesives may be hot melt type adhesives and may each have a tacky adhesive aspect. Hot melt adhesives are solid, have good strength at temperatures below about 50 degrees Celsius (about 120 degrees Fahrenheit), and typically melt at temperatures above about 200 degrees Celsius (about 400 degrees Fahrenheit). These adhesives begin to re-solidify at temperatures below about 150 degrees Celsius (about 300 degrees Fahrenheit).

Moisture cure, single component adhesives are generally slow cure and do not have a mechanism to control the cure rate during the application process. The curing rate also depends on the ambient temperature and humidity. Air dried adhesives generally contain a solvent to control the curing process. Thus, for these air-dried adhesives, the cure rate is temperature and humidity dependent. While two-component adhesives are contemplated as preferred adhesive components of the present invention, single-component adhesives, including those described above, are intended to be covered by the present invention, wherein the two-component adhesives are substituted for the two-component adhesives detailed below.

Removal of solvents generally considered undesirable, especially for indoor applications, is becoming a more important consideration for environmental reasons. Latex, vinyl and acrylic adhesives, once cured, tend to have poorer life and less moisture resistance than exemplary two-component systems, but are quite popular. The magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be pre-mixed with these ingredients or blended into compositions within the field.

Minimizing costs, as is common in commercial products on the market, is a key motive. Conversely, it is advantageous to maximize the shelf life or shelf life of the unmixed ingredients to at least 1 year, preferably 10 years or more. Unmixed components of exemplary embodiments of the invention are expected to have a long shelf life or shelf life.

Another motivation is to move towards using renewable ingredients and to have a composition that can be produced in the most sustainable way possible.

Benefits include LEEDS™ certification, which has become important in recent years for residential and commercial building businesses.

The open time, working time, or pot life, defined as the time after mixing that the mixed composition can be applied before the composition has cured to the extent that the composition is no longer workable, is typically within about 24 hours of full cure (of final hardness). up to at least about 90%) in the range of 10 to 30 minutes. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention may optionally include the use of curing additives used to set both the cure rate, open time and time to full cure.

Packaged quantities can be maintained in the range of 2 to 15 liters (0.5 to 4 US gallons) mixed amounts for each packaged two part "unit", having a unit weight of 45 kg including magnetic and/or magnetisable particles. (100 pounds), it is kept below the maximum weight that a person can safely handle for all manual applications. This maximum weight includes the addition of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles. A notable exception would be large spray application systems where the ingredients may be packaged in bulk.

Two-component urethane (polyurethane) adhesives are well known and widely used as structural adhesives. Polyurethane adhesives are often selected based on their superior flexibility, bond strength, impact and impact resistance, durability, chemical inertness and other desirable properties, in general, compared to other classes of adhesives. Such adhesives generally consist of two components, one component comprising an isocyanate-terminated compound having at least two reactive isocyanate groups and a second component a hydroxyl-terminated compound having at least two reactive hydroxyl groups. includes

The majority of prior art adhesives, including these aforementioned adhesives, are permanent adhesives, meaning that once applied and cured, the adhesive cannot be reused. Attempts to relocate an article adhered with a permanent adhesive generally results in damage or destruction of the adhesive, often damaging the adhered article.

A tacky adhesive is an adhesive that bonds when pressure is applied to adhere to the adhesive. No solvents, water or heat are required to activate the adhesive. Most tacky adhesives are also of the permanent type, but this class of adhesives includes many non-permanent adhesives that remain sufficiently adhesive to allow an article, such as an adhesive tape strip, to be reapplied or repositioned. These non-permanent or repositionable adhesives form a relatively small subset of the general category of adhesives.

Some adhesives are intended to exhibit different adhesion properties at different times. For example, certain compositions can partially cure at room temperature under atmospheric conditions in a fast manner to provide a partially cured composition within minutes, which is similar to the properties of tacky adhesives with good tack, shear and peel strength. It is known in the art to exhibit properties. The development of overall strength occurs over a longer time frame in these adhesives. Blocked isocyanate obtained by reacting a poly(alkylene oxide) polyol and a diol or triol with a diisocyanate in an equivalent ratio of two isocyanate groups per hydroxyl group, and then capping the remaining isocyanate groups with a phenolic blocking agent such as phenol When a composition comprising a prepolymer is mixed with a polyamine, a flexible, structurally adhesive composition is obtained that exhibits a long open time with good adhesion and peel strength prior to sufficient gelation or curing.

An exemplary tacky adhesive comprises the reaction of at least one alkyl acrylate liquid polymer containing both terminal and random hydroxyl functionality, and at least one prepolymer of polyester glycol or polyalkylene ether glycol with an excess of aromatic diisocyanate. includes products. Such adhesives have desirable properties including good rolled ball adhesion, peel adhesion and shear adhesion. However, these adhesives tend to be permanent adhesives.

Repositionable or non-permanent adhesives of interest include exemplary adhesives comprising tacky, elastomeric copolymer hollow or solid microspheres and macromonomer-containing binder copolymers. These adhesives may further comprise at least one acrylate ester. These microsphere type repositionable adhesives tend to be rather expensive compared to other tacky adhesives known in the art.

Combining magnetic and/or magnetisable particles with any such adhesive yields interesting and useful embodiments of the present invention, but prepared from two-component polyurethane adhesives having more desirable properties previously described herein. There are also other embodiments that tend to be less costly. Specific examples of exemplary embodiments of the present invention are provided below in terms of chemical composition, desirable and/or advantageous properties and related properties, among others.

Example 1

In the two part combination, low tack polyurethane adhesive coating compound of the present invention, the first component of the adhesive of the present invention is a polymerizable isocyanate, which comprises any of the isocyanates known in the polyurethane art for polymerization with hydroxyl containing compounds. include Exemplary isocyanates are those containing 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) alone or in combination with its 2,2'-isomer, 2,4'-isomer and/or polymethane polyphenyl isocyanate. In an exemplary embodiment, the MDI comprises from about 30% to about 60% by weight of the combination. The product currently manufactured by Dow Chemical, called PAPI-27™, is an exemplary polymerizable isocyanate. Such isocyanate combinations are often referred to in the art as "polymeric MDI". It is also commonly classified as the aromatic type, as opposed to the various aliphatic types known in the art, which are usually more expensive but have some desirable properties such as much less color change when exposed to ultraviolet light.

The second component of this two-part combination, low tack polyurethane adhesive coating compound comprises a specific class of polyols known as glycerides or acylglycerols, which are esters formed between glycerol and one or more fatty acids. Glycerides are commonly found in vegetable oils and animal fats. Glycerides can also in some cases be produced synthetically from various starting materials. In exemplary embodiments, the glyceride may be a vegetable oil. In other poetic embodiments, the glyceride may be castor oil. Castor oil, a natural and renewable product, is a fatty acid triglyceride containing an average of 2.7 secondary OH-groups per molecule, the fatty acid being primary ricinoleic acid. Such polyols or glycerides comprising some preferred modifications as detailed below will be referred to herein as "modified castor oil".

An Example 1 mixture of a first component and a second component, prior to including magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, wherein the first component is the polymeric MDI described above and the second component is the modified castor described in the preceding and subsequent paragraphs. In the case of oil, the ratio of the second component to the first component is 70:30 parts by weight or 3:1 parts by volume. This is an intentionally derived set of ratios, since round number ratios are more easily measured by fields, especially volumes, than fractional ratios. Standard mixing pails used in the coatings and painting trade often come with pre-printed markings indicating, for example, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 volume ratios.

A 3:1 volume ratio is determined in a mixture in which these particles are pre-blended with the second component at the factory, mixed with the second component on the field, or mixed with a mixture of the first component and the second component (more on this later in this description). This is preferred because there is a sufficient liquid volume in the second component (modified castor oil in this Example 1) to accommodate a significant amount of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles (as will be explained). However, there may be a wide range of ratios, substantially in the range of 1:1 to 4:1 (by volume), and they need not be in round or integer increments, notwithstanding the stated preference. Prepolymerizing a portion of castor oil or other ingredients into the first component may include adding varying amounts of active or passive ingredients to either or both the first component or the second component, including adding varying amounts of active or passive ingredients to a specific volume and There are techniques that can be used to adjust two component formulations to meet/or weight ratios. Since many two-component formulations need to be designed with specific ratios to match the equipment design typically set to a specific volumetric ratio, there are many methods known in the art, the most common ratios being 1:1, 1.5:1, 2 :1, 3:1 and 4:1 parts by volume or PBV.

The magnetic and/or magnetisable particles used in the composition of the present invention are preferably added to the castor oil component of Example 1 for a number of reasons. First, it is considered good not to add anything to the isocyanate component because the isocyanate component is much more reactive and easily contaminated than the castor oil component. The isocyanate component is typically packaged with a nitrogen blanket in a sealed container, and the non-reactive nitrogen displaces any moisture or oxygen in the atmosphere. Second, the castor oil component, which is primarily an oil, is easier to mix with the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, resulting in a smoother and more easily agitated mixture. Manipulating the composition with a relatively large oil component makes it relatively easy to obtain all the necessary magnetic and/or magnetisable particles required to be incorporated into the adhesive coating compound of the present invention without increasing the viscosity too much. Third, mixing magnetic and/or magnetisable particles into the second component does not initiate any chemical reaction. This is advantageous in that the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles can take as much time as necessary to mix them until they are well dispersed without using any of the working time (pot life). When the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are subsequently added to the mixture of the first and second components, the time it takes for the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles to mix and dispense is such that the mixture of the first and second components As soon as they come into contact with each other they start to react, thus reducing the remaining working time. It takes relatively little time to mix the first component after the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles have already been dispersed in the second component.

The price and availability of castor oil has historically proven to be somewhat volatile. Therefore, a ring-opening product of an epoxidized fatty acid ester having an aliphatic alcohol having a functional group of 1 to 10 can be used. Renewable starting materials are: epoxidized soybean oil with epoxide numbers 5.8 to 6.5, epoxidized sunflower seed oil with epoxide numbers 5.6 to 6.6, epoxidized linseed oil with epoxide numbers 8.2 to 8.6 and epoxide number 6.3 to 6.7 phosphorus epoxidized train oils. Epoxidized triglycerides can be fully ring-opened or even partially ring-opened with polyhydric or monohydric alcohols. Partial ring opening results in the formation of modified triglycerides containing average epoxide and hydroxyl groups and also other groups. This subgroup of ring-opening products of epoxidized triglycerides includes compounds that are readily available and can be produced in a wide range of modifications.

Various epoxidized triglycerides of agricultural origin, ie various epoxidized triglycerides of vegetable or animal origin, can be used as starting materials for preparing ring-opening products, the main requirement being that a significant proportion of epoxide groups should be present. For example, epoxidized triglycerides containing from about 2% to about 10% by weight of epoxide oxygen are suitable. Products having an epoxide oxygen content of from about 3% to about 5% by weight are particularly suitable for certain applications. This epoxide oxygen content can be controlled by starting from a triglyceride with a relatively low iodine number and undergoing thorough epoxidation, or by starting from a triglyceride with a high iodine number and reacting only partially to form an epoxide.

Another group of products suitable for adhesive application are based on epoxidized triglycerides having an epoxide oxygen content of from about 4% to about 8.5%. Such products may also be prepared from the following fats and oils (in increasing order of initial iodine number): tallow, palm oil, lard, castor oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil and cottonseed oil.

Starting with raw castor oil, often classified as raw No. 1, some relatively simple modifications are made to the raw oil, sometimes after any residual solids have been filtered, resulting in a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention. This modification may include the optional addition of pigments such as titanium dioxide (white) and black iron oxide in an amount of about 2% by weight. Graphite oxide has magnetic properties although it is quite low in a small amount (2%). The oil must be free of moisture, which is heated to remove excess moisture, and a desiccant, for example a desiccant, which is a synthetic zeolite in an amount of about 1% by weight, or both, is added and heated to this addition. can be achieved by

In certain exemplary embodiments, a blowing or blowing agent may be included. These blowing or blowing agents react with the isocyanate to produce carbon dioxide. A small amount of water or alcohol may be added. Various blowing agents can be used alone or in combination to produce different qualities and amounts of foam during curing. Thus, cell size and structure (closed cell, open cell, size distribution, etc.) can be affected.

Surfactants and/or emulsifiers may also be used to modify castor oil.

A plasticizer, such as a plasticizing oil, may optionally be added. Solvents may also be used. Although various of the preferred magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are conductive, conductive materials may be added. Metallic and/or non-metallic flakes may be added for visual effect. Materials that resist the effects of ultraviolet light and antioxidants may also be included.

Additional materials such as abrasives, carbonate or boron components or other fire resistance enhancing additives may be included. Additives for higher absorbency, strength-enhancing cellulose or glass fibers as various fillers may also be used. Toxin and antibacterial additives may be added to prevent bacterial growth or other forms of contamination.

Although the Example 1 composition of the present invention will cure to at least about 90% of its final hardness in about 24-36 hours at ambient temperature, in exemplary embodiments, an accelerator may be added to the composition to speed curing in various cases. . These accelerators include tertiary amines such as dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) or organometallic compounds such as dibutyltindilaurate (DBTL) or dioctyltindilaurate (DOTL). The various accelerators may be used alone or in combination to achieve different cure rates at different parts of the cure cycle. Such accelerators may also be selected to bias or desirably cure different aspects at different rates. For example, it is possible to accelerate the primary curing without accelerating the secondary foaming reaction and vice versa.

Exemplary magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are selected from paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials, in particular iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, dysprosium, iron-nickel alloy (permalloy), iron (II, III) ) oxide (magnetite), iron (III) oxide (hematite), ferrosilicon, mixed iron oxide, mixed iron oxide with other metal oxides from the transition element group such as iron-nickel oxide, and combinations thereof selected from the group consisting of

The magnetic or magnetisable particles are granular or in the form of a powder, flakes, fillings, or combinations thereof. Preferred particles are granular or in powder form and have an average diameter of from about 100 nm to 1000 micrometers, in particular from about 1 micrometer to about 350 micrometers. Lower limiting diameters greater than about 100 nm are chosen to account for viscosity limitations, improved magnetic properties, and current cost.

A sufficient density of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles in the cured adhesive coating composition of the present invention to meet the minimum magnetic attraction requirements for floor or wall coverings as particles less than 100 nm tend to increase the viscosity too quickly. It becomes difficult to mix sufficiently to achieve It is also well known that for many magnetic and/or magnetisable materials, coarser particles with a larger granule size generally provide the advantage of using a larger particle size, increased permeability. While this trend may change, the current trend tends to decrease cost for larger particle sizes.

Exemplary magnetic or magnetisable particles include steel or iron having an iron content as high as about 99% by weight, such as steel and iron powder used in powder metallurgy and powder forging applications. However, these particles are highly susceptible to rust corrosion despite the ability of the polymer composition of the present invention to be dispersed to encapsulate them.

For certain applications, particularly where high or potentially high levels of moisture are of concern, silica comprising at least about 80% by weight iron, despite the typically higher associated costs compared to powdered or granular iron or steel. Alternatively, magnetic and/or magnetisable particles composed of steel or iron particles encapsulated in other corrosion resistant coatings may be used.

Magnetic ferrosilicon is somewhat corrosion resistant. Magnetic ferrosilicon is generally produced in arc furnaces, and typical grades contain from about 15% to about 50% silicon. Silicon inhibits the oxidation of iron, so the particles will not rust. An alternative form of magnetic ferrosilicon is the atomized form into a more spherical form than conventional milled and graded versions. These atomized versions tend to mix more readily in the polymer. It may be advantageous to keep the iron content of the ferrosilicon relatively high, with certain preferred grades comprising about 85% iron (about 15% silicon).

When using these above exemplary iron-based magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, the polymer typically comprises about ¼ to ½ of the total weight of the composition, whereas the iron-based magnetic and/or magnetisable particles comprise of the weight of the composition of the present invention. The remaining ½ to ¾ are represented. In the embodiment of Example 1, the iron-based magnetic and/or magnetisable particles comprise iron and/or 85% iron grade ferrosilicon, representing about two-thirds of the weight of the composition.

The composition of the present invention is a combination of magnetic attraction superimposed on or in combination with a low tack adhesive effect with surprisingly improved shear-resistance adhesive effect, in the horizontal plane in the case of floors and in the vertical plane in the case of vertical surfaces such as walls. To provide an adhesive floor or wall surface with an adhesive effect. In the case of floors, tensile adhesion is a measure of the vertical pull force.

The description below is based on measurements made in the case of floor applications, but the description also applies to walls.

A method for determining vertical (tensile) adhesion to a floor is performed by measuring the force per unit area required to vertically pull (separate) a magnetic floor covering from a cured surface of the composition of the present invention. This is a commonly known measurement in the coating or covering art as a measure of pull strength. To determine the horizontal (shear) adhesion to the floor covering in the present case, horizontally (until there is a visible horizontal shift or shift) the magnetic floor covering from the cured surface coating comprising the adhesive composition of the present invention. The force per unit area required to pull it is measured. This shear measurement is particularly important for flexible floor coverings. Carpets, tiles, rolled vinyl, etc. tend to shift and wrinkle, clump, pop up and overlap or otherwise migrate in an undesirable manner when insufficient shear adhesion is present. Although pull strength is often measured and compared, shear strength is a less commonly measured property, but may generally be more important. For an extreme embodiment that illustrates the importance of high shear strength versus pulling strength, a load-carrying forklift is much more likely to lift the floor covering than to have it shift horizontally when braking or rapidly accelerating. little. A less dramatic but more common problem is that, in the case of a large floating population, the carpet may shift horizontally in small increments with each passer-by. This cumulative shift result can result in relatively large horizontal shifts. Carpets are often pre-stretched at the edges to be securely fastened upon installation, allowing the carpet to remain oriented so that any such small incremental shifts caused by traffic or other reasons recur after passers-by or other movement, respectively. Where there is relatively high shear resistance, such as when using floor coverings with various embodiments of the adhesive coating composition of the present invention, there is little or no need to pre-stretch the floor covering.

For tensile pull strength testing, a 2 inch x 2 inch (50.8 mm x 50.8 mm) square piece of porcelain floor tiles may be used. For shear testing, an 18 inch x 18 inch (457 mm x 457 mm) square piece of porcelain floor tiles may be used. Floor tiles for this test include samples of flexible floor tiles of an increasingly popular type commonly known as "LVT" or "expensive vinyl tiles" with a magnetic backing. This 2 inch by 2 inch piece of self-backed LVT has a mass of 15 g, and exerts about 0.15 Newtons (about 0.03 pound-force) downward due to that mass. The larger 18 inch by 18 inch square self-backed LVT has a mass of 1.42 kg and exerts about 14 N (about 3 pound-force) downwards due to its mass. The LVTs are each about 3 mm (0.125 inch or 1/8 inch) thick.

Tensile and shear measurements made on various embodiments of the compositions of the present invention can be compared to cured epoxy, polyurea, polyurethane, polyaspart and/or other coatings that do not have any adhesive tack.

comparative example

Comparative Example (Non-Tacky) Composition Containing Magnetic and/or Magnetizable Particles Comprising About 85% Ferrosilicon Cyclone 60 Atomized Ferrosilicon 15% Atomized Ferrosilicon Available from M&M Alloys (hereinafter referred to as "Comparative Example") ) was used to produce a polyaspart (polyurea) two part aspartate-ester polyurea (AE-PUREA) composition, in which the ratio of Part A to Part B is 1.35:1 parts by volume or 100 :79 parts by weight, a typical batch contains about 4.5 kg (about 10 pounds) ferrosilicon mixed in about 2.35 liters of AE-PUREA. Prior art reference tack free porcelain and/or magnetisable floor coatings were prepared by curing this comparative composition to a thickness of about 0.5 mm (0.020 inches). This cured comparative composition has a final hardness greater than about Shore D55.

Example 2

An alternative embodiment of the porcelain and/or magnetisable adhesive coating composition of the present invention, which is the more narrowly specified illustrative example of Example 1, hereinafter referred to as Example 2, contains about 85% of the same as used in the comparative example. 177 parts by weight of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles in the form of atomized ferrosilicon, containing iron; 70 parts by weight of modified castor oil; and 30 parts by weight of polymeric MDI, and cured to a thickness of about 0.5 mm (about 0.020 inch). This cured Example 2 composition has a final hardness greater than about Shore D45.

The vertical tensile and horizontal shear tests performed on this Example 2 cured composition are compared to the same tests performed on the Comparative Example cured composition. The test results show a disproportionately high shear enhancement compared to the normal tensile pull test results. The particle density per unit area, as well as the type and amount of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, were approximately the same for both.

Some vertical pull test results are about 120 g (about 1.2 newtons or about 0.26 pound-force) for the embodiment of Example 2 and about 90 g (about 0.9 N or about 0.2 pounds) for the comparative example (5 for both) measured in minutes). Example 2 The vertical pull test result was calculated, and it was found to be 33% higher than the result of the comparative example. The difference in the vertical pull test results is due to the additional low tack adhesion because the magnetic attraction is approximately equal in both.

For further comparison, Comparative Example and Example 2, when installed without intervening magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, contain 0 g (0 Newtons or 0 lb-force) and 20 g (about 0.2 Newtons or about 0.05 lbs.), respectively. -force) of the tensile pull strength test results were provided. This difference is entirely due to the adhesive adhesion properties of Example 2, which are completely absent in Comparative Examples.

The horizontal shear test results are approximately 10 kg (about 98 newtons or about 22 pound-force) for Example 2 and about 7 kg (about 69 newtons or about 15 pounds) for the comparative example, measured in less than 30 seconds, respectively, The result is 50% different. The horizontal shear test was also performed at 5 minutes, resulting in about 15 kg (about 147 newtons or about 33 pounds) for Example 2 and about 11 kg (about 108 newtons or about 24 pounds) for the comparative example, 40% got a difference It is also noteworthy that magnetic attraction increases with time due to the nature of magnetic materials. Magnetic materials tend to align magnetically when subjected to a strong magnetic field, making them more magnetically attractive.

Although the low tack adhesive properties increase the tensile pull by about 30% to 40% compared to the non-tack comparative example, the corresponding horizontal shear resistance increases by about 40% to 50%. While not intending or wishing to be bound by any particular theory, these unexpectedly disproportionately high shear test results show that the magnetic attraction holds the floor covering down for the adhesive compound of the present invention and increases the frictional resistance as part of the magnetic attraction. This is a desirable result that appears to be caused by This indicates that the hardness of the preferred compositions of the present invention (below shore 045) is usually higher than that of the harder low tack comparative magnetic coating compositions, which appear to have higher hardness values (above shore D50, more typically about shore D60 to shore D85). This may be because it is lower than The added quality of the softer material, low tack adhesive, is that it pulls the floor covering down and somehow "digs in" harder to the cured adhesive, compared to harder prior art coating materials. seems to be able to This self-pulling effect is also used to prevent contaminants and other contaminants from getting under the covering during normal use and contaminating the system, preventing prematurely reducing or eliminating the low tack adhesive effect. As mentioned earlier, low tack adhesives generally result in poor floor covering because such adhesives are too easily contaminated and lose their adhesive quality too easily. Magnetic attraction is not significantly affected by contaminants or other contaminants between the covering and the self-adhesive coating layer.

Additionally, relative ductility can aid in shear resistance by causing localized imperfections (bumps or raised portions of the adhesive coating layer) to slightly flatten and/or compress, thereby providing actual physical contact between the covering and the adhesive coating layer. It increases the area more than would occur with a harder, less compressible coating. Even if the contact area is slightly increased, the low tack adhesive quality will be more effective.

For further comparison, Comparative Example and Example 2, when installed without intervening magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, contain 0 kg (0 Newtons or 0 lb-force) and 2 kg (about 20 Newtons or about 5 lbs.), respectively. -force) gave a horizontal shear strength test result of less than. This difference is entirely due to the adhesive adhesion properties of Example 2, which are completely absent in Comparative Examples. It is interesting to note that the low tack adhesive properties upon isolation (no magnetic attraction behavior) are somewhat smaller than expected. This appears to be consistent with the above theory that tiles detach or "pop" more easily from the adhesive coating without magnetic attraction, since there is no constant magnetic force that increases friction between the LVT covering and the adhesive coating during testing. The low tack adhesive aspect performs very poorly on isolation as it does when operating with the magnetic attraction aspect. This was an unexpected result. The two effects were simply expected to add up, not multiplying as the measurements indicated.

An approximately 2.5 liter mixture of the embodiment of Example 2 and a comparable amount of comparative example contain iron powder having a median particle size in the range of about 1 to 100 microns (about 99% in the sample used with a maximum particle size of about 250 microns). iron) or atomized ferrosilicon (about 85% iron in the sample used with a maximum particle size of about 150 micrometers) each on average smaller but still having a median particle size in the same range of about 1 to 100 micrometers. It can easily have about 4.5 kg (about 10 pounds) that mix readily at temperature. This can be done mechanically using a drill with a mixing paddle, by other mechanical means, or manually using simple wood, plastic or metal stirring sticks requiring mixing times of up to a few minutes. At a coverage rate of about 6.5 square meters or about 70 square feet, such an amount is about 0.5 mm (or about 0.020 inches or about 20 mils) having sufficient magnetic attraction between the floor covering and the cured adhesive coating composition coated substrate floor or wall. A thick adhesive coating is provided. The practical minimum limiting magnetic attraction using the horizontal shear strength test procedure above is about 10 kg (about 98 Newtons or about 22 lb-force) when tested about 5 minutes after initiation of the test. Attempts to stir with a similar amount of magnetite iron oxide powder (Huntsman-Davis Colors - 860 Synthetic Iron Oxide Black™) with a mostly particle size of 0.20 micrometers or 200 nm were unsuccessful because the viscosity increased too much, too quickly. Only about half of that amount, or about 2.5 kg (about 5 pounds), could all be easily manually stirred at ambient temperature. This is generally found to be less than a satisfactory amount of magnetic and/or magnetisable magnetite iron oxide particles, since these concentrations generally do not provide sufficient magnetic attraction to hold the floor tiles in place. In this case, the horizontal shear test result was measured at about 5 kg (about 49 Newtons or about 11 pound-force). However, making a sheet version of the adhesive composition of the present invention using mechanical mixing of an elevated temperature and high viscosity paste version can be achieved by mixing significantly drier magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, such as the magnetite iron oxide particles described in this example, into the mixture. It makes it possible to intervene in Similarly, the density of other magnetic and/or magnetisable particles in the various compositions of the present invention may be increased through such means.

Another feature of the present invention is that, while optimizing cost aspects, both the combined total and relative amounts of adhesion caused by magnetic attraction and low tack adhesives meet the specific needs of a particular application (net effective adhesion). ) can be modified and adjusted to achieve

Changing the low tack adhesive properties is effected, for example, in the case of Example 2, by slightly increasing the ratio of the second component to the first component from about 70:30 parts by weight to 72:28 parts by weight, resulting in a slightly softer and slightly softer adhesive property. Since it gives a tacky result, it is quite inexpensive. Going the other way by changing the ratio to 68:32 will yield a harder and less tacky result. The magnetic attraction behavior can be altered by increasing the amount of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles used in the composition by mixing more in the composition and/or by increasing the installed thickness. Although generally expensive, another option is to choose a magnetic and/or magnetisable material with greater magnetic properties. Increasing the relative amount or quality of magnetic material tends to be costly. Magnetic attraction can also be increased by enhancing the magnetic properties of the magnetic backing of a carpet, tile or other floor or wall covering through one or more of a variety of known means, and is also more costly than changing the adhesive coating composition formulation. tends to cost a lot.

Exemplary embodiments of the composition have good self-leveling properties when used in flooring applications and sag resistance when used in wall applications. The adhesive properties are such that the person installing the floor covering cannot walk on the surface of the cured composition without sticking to the shoe to such an extent that the person installing the floor covering cannot move freely enough to install the floor covering, without the use of spiked shoes or other special footwear. low enough

An exemplary thickness for an exemplary embodiment of the cured composition is approximately 0.50 mm (about 0.020 inch), and the thickness ranges from about 0.20 mm to about 8 mm (about 0.008 inch to about 0.30 inch). Good self-leveling properties in the case of flooring applications for exemplary embodiments of the composition allow the composition to fill cracks, voids, dips and low spots in incomplete flooring substrates. Substrates may include, but are not limited to, concrete and/or other cementitious materials, wood, composites, and metallic materials.

The field test according to the embodiment of Example 2 compared to the Comparative Example showed improved filling of voids and the like due to the better self-leveling properties associated with the Comparative Example Example. Low spots or voids are highly undesirable under LVT floor tiles and other floor coverings such as bumps, raised areas and/or ridges. These high spots are generally removed mechanically using a grinder and/or other means known in the art. Use where there are voids under the floor covering, such as LVT, cracks and imperfections begin in the tile, especially in high-traffic areas. This failure is a major problem in applications such as supermarket floors where various trolleys and other wheeled devices carrying loads are frequently used. Wheels (as well as shoe heels) tend to cause these depressions or voids under the floor tiles to reveal themselves through deformation of the tiles. These deformations often cause tiles to fail. This problem is reduced or eliminated by removing any bumps prior to application of the adhesive coating composition and by allowing the adhesive composition of the present invention to flow into and fill any such voids prior to installing the floor covering. There is no limit to the maximum thickness of such a voided composition, but it is typically about 1 cm (½ inch) or less in depth. Although the compositions of the present invention also satisfactorily fulfill this function, it is common practice to prefill and level such floors by choosing from a large number of commercially available compounds.

Primers and/or sealants may be used with the self-adhesive coating composition of the present invention. Although these primers and/or sealants are generally installed and cured on a substrate prior to application of the composition, there are a few that do not need to be fully cured prior to application of the composition. Such primers and sealants improve adhesion of the composition to the substrate and/or block excess moisture from migrating through the substrate and prevent deterioration of the performance of the composition and/or covering applied to the cured composition. used to do Various embodiments of the present invention may be formulated to have different water vapor transmission rates and water vapor transmission properties as needed for various applications. For example, in some circumstances it may be desirable to have a high water vapor permeability to allow free movement of moisture, and in other circumstances it may be desirable to completely seal the surface so that little or no moisture can migrate. In some cases, it may also be desirable to formulate compositions to seal and prevent the migration of radon and/or other toxic gases.

Foaming the adhesive coating composition of the present invention not only provides sound and vibration damping, but also provides greater cushioning under floor or wall coverings. This can be important in areas such as auditoriums or hotels, where acoustic properties are an important part. For example, hotel corridors and guest rooms often use carpeting rather than vinyl floors, resulting in less noise from footsteps and other sources of sound and/or vibration passing between floors and/or walls.

A liquid coating such as paint, clear varnish, or sealant can also be used on top of the composition, although the low tack adhesive effect is reduced if there is another coating used on top before the self-backing flooring or wall covering is installed. have. If the top coating is too thick, the magnetic attraction can also be reduced, creating a greater distance between the respective magnetic attraction surfaces.

There may be cases where there is a local demand for an increase in adhesive strength, such as at the edges or corners of a tile floor. It is helpful in this regard to provide a greater density per unit area of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles at the edge by installing the composition thicker. This can also be achieved by applying some additional adhesive of a different type on top of the cured composition prior to placing the self-backed floor (or wall) covering. If it is undesirable to use a permanent adhesive for this purpose, a suitable repositionable adhesive such as those sold by 3M identified as Repositionable 75 Spray Adhesive™ may be used. This product is packaged in an aerosol spray can, and about 10% by weight of a synthetic elastomer with various solvents and propellants (acetone 30-40%, heptane isomer 20-30%, isobutene 20-30%, propane 7-13%) include This product is readily spray applied to the surface of the cured composition of the present invention.

The composition of the present invention can also be used as part of the flooring or wall covering itself, applied and cured to the underside of conventional (non-self-backed) floor tiles, for example in a factory or field. Such tiles or coverings can be magnetized using known methods while providing improvements over prior art self-backed tiles due to the additional low tack adhesive properties inherent in adhesive coating compositions. When installed on a substrate having a cured layer of the adhesive coating composition of the present invention, this low tack magnetic covering provides substantially increased low tack adhesive behavior due to the low tack adhesive behavior from each respective surface it comes into contact with. will add or double the shear adhesive strength.

Specific examples of compositions, composition components, uses, systems, methods, and devices have been described herein for purposes of illustration.

This is just an example. The techniques provided herein may be applied to systems other than the example systems described above. Many changes, modifications, additions, omissions, and substitutions are possible within the practice of the present invention. The invention provides by replacing features, elements and/or actions with equivalent features, elements and/or actions; by mixing and matching features, elements and/or actions from different embodiments as described herein with features, elements and/or actions of another technology; and/or modifications to the disclosed embodiments apparent to those skilled in the art, including variations obtained by omitting combining features, elements and/or actions from the described embodiments.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in its preferred form, the specific embodiments thereof as disclosed herein are not to be considered in a limiting sense, as many modifications are possible. The subject matter of the present invention includes all novel and nonobvious combinations and sub-combinations of the various elements, features, functions and/or characteristics disclosed herein. Features of different claims or aspects described above and below may be combined with features of other claims or aspects described above and below. No single feature, function, element or characteristic of the disclosed embodiments is essential. The following claims define certain combinations and sub-combinations that are considered novel and non-obvious. Other combinations and sub-combinations of features, functions, elements and/or characteristics may be claimed through amendment of the present claims or presentation of new claims upon such application or related application. These claims are also considered to be included within the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of whether they are broader, narrower or equivalent to the original claims. The present invention also encompasses all applications and all embodiments which, based on the expert's knowledge and optionally simple routine testing, will be readily understood by a practitioner upon reading the application. Additionally, the various embodiments described above may be combined to provide other embodiments.

Accordingly, all claims set forth below are intended to be construed to include all such modifications, permutations, additions, omissions and sub-combinations as may reasonably be inferred. The scope of the claims is not to be limited by the preferred embodiments presented in the examples, but should be construed as broadly consistent with the description as a whole.

Claims (60)

A composition comprising magnetic and/or magnetisable particles plasticized by a polyurethane and derived from a mixture of the following components.
(a) a first component comprising from about 5% to about 20% by weight of a polymerizable isocyanate of the composition, and
(b) as a second component,
- glycerides, and
• a second component comprising from about 50% to about 90% by weight of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles of the second component, the balance being glycerides. The method of claim 1,
wherein the mixture of ingredients contains about 11% by weight of an isocyanate, the balance containing substantially equal amounts by weight of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles and glycerides. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein the glycerides are derived from one or more starting materials of agricultural origin. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
wherein the glyceride is castor oil. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
wherein the isocyanate is a mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polymethane polyphenyl isocyanate. 6. The method of claim 5,
wherein the MDI provides from about 30% to 60% by weight of the mixture. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are selected from the group consisting of paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic materials. 8. The method of claim 7,
The particles include iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, dysprosium, iron-nickel alloy (permalloy), iron (II,III) oxide (magnetite), iron (III) oxide (hematite), ferrosilicon, mixed iron oxides , iron oxides mixed with other metal oxides from the transition element group, such as iron-nickel oxides, or combinations thereof. 9. The method of claim 8,
The composition comprising iron in the form of ferrosilicon, wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles contain at least 50% by weight of iron. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The composition further comprises a pigment. 11. The method of claim 10,
wherein the pigment provides about 2% by weight of the first component. 12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The composition further comprises a desiccant. 13. The method of claim 12,
wherein the desiccant provides about 1% by weight of the first component. 14. The method according to claim 12 or 13,
wherein the desiccant is a synthetic zeolite. 15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
wherein the composition further comprises an accelerator to accelerate curing. 16. The method of claim 15,
wherein the accelerator comprises an organometallic compound. 16. The method of claim 14 or 15,
wherein the organometallic compound comprises dioctyltindilaurate (DOTL). 16. The method of claim 15,
wherein the accelerator comprises a tertiary amine. 17. The method of claim 16,
wherein the tertiary amine comprises dimethylethanolamine (DMEA). A composition comprising iron plasticized by polyurethane and derived from a mixture of the following components:
(a) a first component comprising from about 5% to about 20% by weight of a polymerizable isocyanate, and
(b) a second component comprising a mixture of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles with glyceride containing from about 50% to about 90% by weight of the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles, the balance being glycerides. (a) a first component comprising a polymerizable isocyanate, and
(b) a second component comprising a mixture of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles and a glyceride
A composition comprising (a) an adhesive, and
(b) magnetic and/or magnetisable particles incorporated into the adhesive, having a minimum diameter greater than 100 nm
A composition comprising 23. The method of claim 22,
wherein the particles provide from about 30% to about 80% by weight of the total composition. 24. The method of claim 23,
wherein the particles provide about 67% by weight of the total composition. 25. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24,
wherein the adhesive comprises an ambient temperature cured adhesive. 26. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 25,
wherein the adhesive comprises a moisture cured adhesive. 27. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26,
wherein the adhesive comprises a polymer-based adhesive. 28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 27,
wherein the adhesive comprises a hot melt cured adhesive. 29. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 28,
wherein the adhesive comprises a tacky adhesive. 30. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 29,
wherein the adhesive comprises a single component adhesive. 30. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 29,
wherein the adhesive comprises a two component adhesive. 30. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 29,
wherein the adhesive comprises polyurethane. 33. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 32,
wherein the adhesive comprises an elastomer. 34. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 33,
wherein the particles are iron-based particles, wherein the iron-based particles comprise at least 90% by weight iron (Fe). 34. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 33,
wherein the particles are iron-containing ferrosilicon particles, wherein the iron-containing ferrosilicon particles comprise 15% to 50% by weight of silicon (Si). (a) a first component comprising a polymerizable isocyanate;
(b) a second component comprising a glyceride, and
(c) magnetic and magnetisable particles admixed in at least one of the first component and the second component
A cured composition derived from a mixture comprising:
wherein the polymerizable isocyanate provides from about 10% to about 45% by weight of the cured composition and the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles provide from about 30% to about 80% by weight of the total composition. 37. The method of claim 36,
wherein the glyceride comprises castor oil. 38. The method of claim 37,
wherein the castor oil is modified by including from about 1% to 2% by weight of a pigment. 39. The method of claim 37 or 38,
wherein the castor oil is modified by including from about 0.5% to 1% by weight of a desiccant. 40. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 39,
wherein the castor oil is modified by including from about 0.01% to 1% by weight of a blowing agent. 41. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 40,
wherein the castor oil is modified by including at least one of an emulsifier and a surfactant. 42. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 41,
wherein the castor oil is modified by including a curing agent. 43. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 42,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are added to the resulting mixture of the first component and the second component while the resulting mixture of the first component and the second component is still in a liquid state. 43. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 42,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are added to the second component prior to mixing the resulting mixture with the first component. 45. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 44,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are in the form of granules, powders, flakes or fillers or combinations thereof. 46. The method of claim 45,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles may be in granular or powdered form and have an average diameter of from about 10 nm to about 500 micrometers. 47. The method of claim 46,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles have an average diameter greater than 100 nm and less than about 500 micrometers. 48. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 47,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles comprise iron. 49. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 48,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles comprise iron and/or ferrosilicon having a total iron content of at least about 80% by weight. 50. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 49,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles comprise steel or iron particles encapsulated in a corrosion resistant coating comprising at least about 80 weight percent iron. 51. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 50,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are selected from the group consisting of paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic materials. 52. The method of claim 51,
The particles include iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, dysprosium, iron-nickel alloy (permalloy), iron (II,III) oxide (magnetite), iron (III) oxide (hematite), ferrosilicon, mixed iron oxides , iron oxides mixed with other metal oxides from the transition element group, such as iron-nickel oxides, and combinations thereof. (a) a first component comprising from about 5% to about 20% by weight of a polymerizable isocyanate, and
(b) a second component comprising magnetic and/or magnetisable particles and a glyceride, wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles are present in the second component in an amount from about 50% to about 90% by weight, the balance being glyceride phosphorus, the second component
An article of manufacture comprising a cured composition derived from a mixture comprising 54. The method of claim 53,
An article of manufacture in the form of an elastomeric adhesive. 55. The method of claim 53 or 54,
An article of manufacture in the form of a floor or wall covering. 56. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 55,
An article of manufacture in the form of a permanent adhesive coating. 57. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 56,
An article of manufacture in the form of a non-permanent adhesive coating permanently bonded to a substrate. 58. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 57,
The composition is
about 177 parts by weight of magnetic and/or magnetisable particles,
about 69 parts by weight of castor oil,
about 30 parts by weight of an isocyanate,
about 1 part by weight of zeolite
An article of manufacture comprising 59. The method of claim 58,
wherein the magnetic and/or magnetisable particles comprise iron and/or 85% iron-containing ferrosilicon. 60. The method according to any one of claims 53 to 59,
wherein the glyceride comprises castor oil.