KR20210109915A - Absorption Heat Pump by using forward osmotic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump system using a forward osmotic separator, which is capable of circulating an inducing solution circulating in a vaporizer and the forward osmotic separator and a feed solution circulating in an absorber and the forward osmotic separator through different flow paths from each other, moving refrigerants included in the inducing solution and the feed solution, respectively, in accordance with a difference in the osmotic pressure and the refrigerant steam pressure, consuming no energy for regeneration, and improving energy efficiency. In addition, the present invention is capable of having a refrigerant compressor between the vaporizer and the absorber, improving a refrigerant vaporizing speed in the vaporizer, and being operable even at a lower vaporizing temperature. In addition, the present invention is capable of having a feed solution tank and an inducing solution tank, storing a high-concentration feed solution and a low-concentration inducing solution, respectively, at a time zone with a low cooling load or a low energy cost, sufficiently securing the volume of the feed solution and the inducing solution while making the size of the forward osmotic separator compact, reducing the cost, and improving energy efficiency.

Description

Absorption Heat Pump by using forward osmotic separator}

The present invention relates to an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator, and more particularly, by using a forward osmosis separator to regenerate an absorbent solution in which a refrigerant and an absorbent are mixed, thereby reducing thermal energy required for regeneration and improving efficiency. It relates to an absorption type heat pump system using an osmotic separator.

In general, an absorption type heat pump includes an absorber that absorbs a refrigerant by an absorbent, a regenerator that regenerates the refrigerant by heating the absorbed refrigerant, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant, and heat exchange between the refrigerant and process water to evaporate the refrigerant and process water contains an evaporator for cooling.

However, since the conventional absorption heat pump requires a large amount of heat source to regenerate the absorbent in the regenerator, although it uses relatively low thermal energy compared to electric power, heat consumption is large in the process of heating the absorbent solution. There is a problem of low efficiency.

Korean Patent No. 10-0522650

An object of the present invention relates to an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator capable of further improving efficiency.

In the absorption type heat pump system using the forward osmosis separator according to the present invention, a feed solution channel through which a feed solution in which a refrigerant and an absorbent are mixed passes, and a draw solution having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution pass through and a forward osmosis membrane provided between the feed solution channel and the draw solution channel to move the refrigerant included in the feed solution to the draw solution channel by the difference in osmotic pressure between the draw solution and the feed solution. Including, a forward osmosis separator for discharging a feed concentrated solution having a lower concentration of the refrigerant in the feed solution channel, and discharging a draw diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant in the draw solution channel; An evaporator for generating the draw concentrated solution in which the draw diluent solution is introduced from the draw solution channel, and the refrigerant contained in the draw diluent solution is evaporated through heat exchange between the draw diluent solution and the process water, and the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered; ; The feed concentrated solution is introduced from the feed solution channel, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is introduced by the difference in refrigerant vapor pressure with the evaporator and absorbed in the feed concentrated solution, the feed diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant an absorber to generate; a first draw solution flow path connecting the outlet of the draw solution channel and the evaporator to guide the draw dilute solution generated in the draw solution channel to the evaporator; and a first feed solution channel for guiding the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel to the absorber by connecting the outlet of the feed solution channel and the absorber.

It further includes a second draw solution flow path that connects the outlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the draw solution channel to guide the draw concentrated solution generated in the evaporator to the draw solution channel.

It further includes a draw solution pump installed in the second draw solution flow path to pump the draw concentrated solution to the draw solution channel.

It further includes a second feed solution passage connecting the outlet of the absorber and the inlet of the feed solution channel to guide the feed dilute solution generated in the absorber to the feed solution channel.

It is installed in the second feed solution flow path, further comprising a feed solution pump for pumping the feed dilute solution to the feed solution channel.

As the draw solution, an aqueous NaCl solution is used.

The feed solution uses a propylene glycol (Propylene Glycol) aqueous solution.

a refrigerant passage connecting the evaporator and the absorber; and a refrigerant compressor installed in the refrigerant passage to compress the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant passage to increase the pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the absorber from the refrigerant vapor pressure of the feed diluted solution in the absorber.

It further includes a draw solution tank installed in the first draw solution flow path to temporarily store the draw diluted solution generated in the draw solution channel.

It further includes a draw solution valve installed in the first draw solution flow path to control the draw dilute solution flowing from the draw solution tank to the evaporator.

It further includes a second draw solution flow path that connects the evaporator and the draw solution tank to guide the draw concentrated solution generated in the evaporator to the draw solution tank.

By connecting the inlet of the draw solution tank and the draw solution channel, the draw solution stored in the draw solution tank, the draw concentrated solution and the draw dilute solution are mixed, and having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution, is transferred to the draw solution channel It further includes a third draw solution flow path guiding to.

It is installed in the first feed solution flow path, further comprising a feed solution tank for temporarily storing the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel.

It is installed in the first feed solution flow path, further comprising a feed solution valve for controlling the feed concentrated solution flowing into the absorber from the feed solution tank.

It further includes a second feed solution flow path that connects the absorber and the draw solution tank to guide the feed dilute solution generated in the absorber to the feed solution tank.

By connecting the feed solution tank and the inlet of the feed solution channel, the feed solution is stored in the feed solution tank and the feed dilute solution and the feed concentrated solution are mixed and the osmotic pressure is lower than that of the draw solution to the feed solution channel. Absorption heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a third feed solution flow path to guide.

An absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to another aspect of the present invention includes a feed solution channel through which a feed solution mixed with a refrigerant and an absorbent passes, and a draw solution having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution. ) through a draw solution channel, and is provided between the feed solution channel and the draw solution channel to move the refrigerant included in the feed solution to the draw solution channel by the osmotic pressure difference between the draw solution and the feed solution a forward osmosis separator including a forward osmosis membrane, the feed solution channel for discharging a feed concentrated solution having a lower concentration of the refrigerant, and discharging a draw dilute solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant in the draw solution channel; An evaporator for generating the draw concentrated solution in which the draw diluent solution is introduced from the draw solution channel, and the refrigerant contained in the draw diluent solution is evaporated through heat exchange between the draw diluent solution and the process water, and the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered; ; The feed concentrated solution is introduced from the feed solution channel, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is introduced by the difference in refrigerant vapor pressure with the evaporator and absorbed in the feed concentrated solution, the feed diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant an absorber to generate; a first draw solution flow path connecting the outlet of the draw solution channel and the evaporator to guide the draw dilute solution generated in the draw solution channel to the evaporator; a first feed solution flow path connecting the outlet of the feed solution channel and the absorber to guide the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel to the absorber; a draw solution tank installed in the first draw solution flow path to temporarily store the draw diluted solution generated in the draw solution channel; It is installed in the first feed solution channel, and includes a feed solution tank for temporarily storing the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel.

The draw solution uses an aqueous NaCl solution, and the feed solution uses an aqueous propylene glycol solution.

An absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to another aspect of the present invention includes a feed solution channel through which a feed solution mixed with a refrigerant and an absorbent passes, and a draw solution having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution. solution) through a draw solution channel, and is provided between the feed solution channel and the draw solution channel to move the refrigerant included in the feed solution to the draw solution channel by the osmotic pressure difference between the draw solution and the feed solution. a forward osmosis separator for discharging a feed concentrated solution having a lower concentration of the refrigerant in the feed solution channel, and discharging a draw diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant in the draw solution channel; An evaporator for generating the draw concentrated solution in which the draw diluent solution is introduced from the draw solution channel, and the refrigerant contained in the draw diluent solution is evaporated through heat exchange between the draw diluent solution and the process water, and the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered; ; The feed concentrated solution is introduced from the feed solution channel, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is introduced by the difference in refrigerant vapor pressure with the evaporator and absorbed in the feed concentrated solution, the feed diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant an absorber to generate; a first draw solution flow path connecting the outlet of the draw solution channel and the evaporator to guide the draw dilute solution generated in the draw solution channel to the evaporator; a first feed solution flow path connecting the outlet of the feed solution channel and the absorber to guide the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel to the absorber; a refrigerant passage connecting the evaporator and the absorber; a refrigerant compressor installed in the refrigerant passage to compress the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant passage to increase the pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the absorber from the refrigerant vapor pressure of the feed diluted solution in the absorber; a draw solution tank installed in the first draw solution flow path to temporarily store the draw diluted solution generated in the draw solution channel; a draw solution valve installed in the first draw solution flow path to control the draw dilute solution flowing from the draw solution tank to the evaporator; a feed solution tank that is installed in the first feed solution flow path and temporarily stores the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel; and a feed solution valve installed in the first feed solution flow path to control the feed concentrated solution flowing from the feed solution tank to the absorber.

The draw solution uses an aqueous NaCl solution, and the feed solution uses an aqueous propylene glycol solution.

The absorption type pit pump system using the forward osmosis separator according to the present invention circulates a draw solution circulating between an evaporator and a forward osmosis separator and a feed solution circulating between the absorber and the forward osmosis separator through different flow paths, the draw solution and the Refrigerants each contained in the feed solution are configured to move according to the difference in osmotic pressure and the difference in refrigerant vapor pressure, so that energy efficiency can be improved because there is no energy consumption for regeneration.

In addition, by providing a refrigerant compressor between the evaporator and the absorber, there is an advantage in that the refrigerant evaporation rate in the evaporator is improved and operation is possible even at a lower evaporation temperature.

In addition, by providing a feed solution tank and a draw solution tank, the feed solution and the feed solution while compacting the size of the forward osmosis separator by storing a high concentration feed solution and a low concentration draw solution respectively in a time period when the cooling load is low or energy cost is low Since the capacity of the draw solution can be sufficiently secured, cost can be reduced and energy efficiency can be improved.

1 is a block diagram of an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a graph showing a comparison of the change in refrigerant vapor pressure of the absorber when the refrigerant compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied.
4 is a block diagram of an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an absorption type heat pump system 100 using a forward osmosis separator according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an evaporator 10 , an absorber 20 , a forward osmosis separator 30 , and a first draw solution. A flow path 11 , a second draw solution flow path 12 , a first feed solution flow path 21 , a second feed solution flow path 22 , a refrigerant flow path 40 , a draw solution pump 50 , and a feed solution pump 60 . ) is included.

In the absorption heat pump system 100 , a draw solution and a feed solution are configured to circulate through different flow paths without mixing with each other. The draw solution circulates through the draw solution channel 31 of the evaporator 10 and the forward osmosis separator 30 . The feed solution circulates through the absorber 20 and the feed solution channel 32 of the forward osmosis separator 30 .

The draw solution and the feed solution use the same refrigerant, and in this embodiment, the refrigerant is water. However, the solvent of the draw solution is not limited thereto, and ethanol or dimethyl ether (DME) may be used.

The draw solution is a solution for inducing and separating the refrigerant from the feed solution by the difference in osmotic pressure with the feed solution in the forward osmosis separator 30 . Therefore, as the draw solution, a solution having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution should be used. The draw solution is described as an example using a 2M NaCl aqueous solution. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a solution in which a salt such as _{LiCl, NaCl, CaCl 2} , HCOOK, or MgSO _{4 is dissolved may be used as the draw solution.}

Hereinafter, the draw solution will be described by dividing it into a draw weak solution and a draw strong solution according to a change in the concentration of the refrigerant.

The feed solution is an absorbent solution in which a refrigerant and an absorbent are mixed. As the feed solution, a solution having a lower osmotic pressure than the draw solution should be used. The feed solution, the refrigerant uses water, and the absorbent uses a polymer-based or organic water miscible solvent (organic water miscible solvent). In this embodiment, the feed solution will be described as an example of using a 90wt% aqueous solution of propylene glycol (Propylene Glycol).

Hereinafter, the feed solution will be described by dividing it into a feed weak solution and a feed strong solution according to a change in the concentration of the refrigerant.

The evaporator 10 has an inlet connected to the outlet of the forward osmosis separator 30 and a first draw solution passage 11, and an outlet is connected to the inlet of the forward osmosis separator 30 and a second draw solution passage 12 ) is connected to

The evaporator 10 evaporates some of the refrigerant of the induced dilute solution introduced from the forward osmosis separator 30 and is cooled due to latent heat of evaporation. The temperature of the evaporator 10 is about 5 ℃.

The evaporator 10 evaporates a portion of the refrigerant from the induction dilute solution introduced from the forward osmosis separator 30 to make the induction concentrated solution having a preset first osmotic pressure or higher.

In this embodiment, the osmotic pressure of the induction concentrated solution will be described as an example in the range of about 250 bar to 300 bar.

The evaporator 10 is provided with a process water flow path 15 through which process water for heat exchange with the draw-diluted solution passes.

The first draw solution flow path 11 connects the outlet of the draw solution channel 31 of the forward osmosis separator 30 and the inlet of the evaporator 10 to generate the draw solution channel 31 . It is a flow path for guiding the draw-diluted solution to the evaporator.

A draw solution valve 13 for controlling the flow of the draw solution is installed in the first draw solution flow path 11 . The draw solution valve 13 may be opened and closed and an opening rate may be controlled by a control unit (not shown) that controls the absorption heat pump system.

The second draw solution flow path 12 connects the outlet of the evaporator 10 and the inlet of the draw solution channel 31 so that the draw solution generated in the evaporator 10 is transferred to the draw solution channel ( 31) is the flow path leading to the entrance.

The draw solution pump 50 is installed in the second draw solution flow path 12 . The draw solution pump 50 pumps the draw concentrated solution to the draw solution channel.

The absorber 20, the inlet is connected to the outlet of the forward osmosis separator 30 and the first feed solution flow passage 21, the outlet is the inlet of the forward osmosis separator 30 and the second feed solution flow passage 22 ) is connected to

The absorber 20 absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 10 in a feed concentrated solution including an absorbent, and generates heat of absorption. The absorber 20 is cooled with cooling water supplied from the outside to maintain a constant temperature. The temperature of the absorber 20 is about 32°C.

The absorber 20 absorbs the refrigerant vapor introduced from the evaporator 10 into the feed concentrated solution introduced from the forward osmosis separator 30, and the feed diluted solution of a second osmotic pressure lower than the first osmotic pressure create

In this embodiment, the osmotic pressure of the feed dilute solution is described as an example of about 150bar to 200bar.

The absorber 20 is provided with a cooling water passage 25 through which the cooling water passes.

The first feed solution flow path 21 connects the outlet of the feed solution channel 32 of the forward osmosis separator 30 and the inlet of the absorber 20, and is generated in the feed solution channel 32 . It is a flow path for guiding the feed concentrated solution to the absorber.

A feed solution valve 23 for controlling the flow of the feed solution is installed in the second feed solution flow path 21 . The feed solution valve 23 may be opened and closed and an opening rate may be controlled by a control unit (not shown) that controls the absorption heat pump system.

The second feed solution flow path 22 connects the outlet of the absorber 20 and the inlet of the feed solution channel 21 to transfer the feed diluted solution generated in the absorber 20 to the feed solution channel. This is the Euro leading to the entrance.

The feed solution pump 60 is installed in the second feed solution flow path 22 . The feed solution pump 60 pumps the feed dilute solution to the feed solution channel 32 .

The forward osmosis separator 30 includes the draw solution channel 31 , the feed solution channel 32 , and a forward osmosis separation membrane 33 .

The draw solution channel 31 is a channel through which the draw concentrated solution generated in the evaporator 10 passes.

The feed solution channel 32 is a channel through which the feed diluted solution generated in the absorber 20 passes.

The forward osmosis membrane (33) is provided between the draw solution channel (31) and the feed solution channel (32), and the draw solution and the concentrate solution passing through the draw solution channel (31) and the The refrigerant contained in the feed diluted solution is moved to the draw solution channel 31 by the difference in osmotic pressure of the feed diluted solution passing through the feed solution channel 32 .

The forward osmosis separator 30 serves as a regenerator for regenerating the feed solution corresponding to the absorbent solution by separating the refrigerant from the feed dilute solution through a forward osmosis process. The forward osmosis process does not require additional power because the solvent moves from a low osmotic pressure to a high place. The forward osmosis process is possible in a pressure condition below atmospheric pressure, is possible in atmospheric pressure, it is possible in a pressurized condition.

Since the osmotic pressure of the induced concentrated solution is higher than that of the feed diluted solution, the refrigerant contained in the feed diluted solution is moved to the induced concentrated solution through the forward osmosis membrane 33 .

The refrigerant passage 40 is a passage connecting an upper portion of the evaporator 10 and an upper portion of the absorber 20 .

The refrigerant passage 40 is a passage through which the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 10 moves to the absorber 20 . Due to a difference in refrigerant vapor pressure between the evaporator 10 and the absorber 20 , the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 10 may move toward the absorber 20 through the refrigerant passage 40 .

The operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described as follows.

In this embodiment, the draw solution uses a 2M NaCl aqueous solution, and the feed solution is described as using a 90wt% aqueous solution of propylene glycol (Propylene Glycol). The draw solution has a refrigerant vapor pressure of 0.5 to 0.7 kPa at about 5° C., and an osmotic pressure of 250 to 300 bar. The feed solution has a refrigerant vapor pressure of 0.2 to 0.4 kPa at about 40° C., and an osmotic pressure of 150 to 200 bar.

The induced dilute solution is introduced from the forward osmosis separator 30 into the evaporator 10 . In the evaporator 10 , the refrigerant included in the draw-diluted solution is evaporated through heat exchange between the draw-diluted solution and the process water. Accordingly, in the evaporator 10 , an induced concentrated solution in which the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered is generated.

The draw concentrated solution generated in the evaporator 10 is introduced into the forward osmosis separator 30 through the second draw solution passage 12 .

The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 10 flows into the absorber 20 through the refrigerant passage 40 , and the feed concentrated solution flows from the forward osmosis separator 30 .

At this time, due to the difference between the refrigerant vapor pressure in the evaporator 10 and the refrigerant vapor pressure in the absorber 20 , the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 10 may move to the absorber 20 . The vapor pressure of the draw solution in the temperature range in which the evaporator 10 operates should be higher than the vapor pressure of the feed solution in the temperature range in which the absorber 20 operates. That is, since the refrigerant vapor pressure in the evaporator is higher than the refrigerant vapor pressure in the absorber 20 , refrigerant evaporation occurs in the evaporator 10 , and the evaporated refrigerant vapor moves to the absorber 20 , and the absorber 20 ), refrigerant absorption occurs.

In the absorber 20, the refrigerant vapor is absorbed into the feed concentrated solution, and the feed diluted solution having an increased concentration of the refrigerant is generated.

The feed diluted solution generated in the absorber 20 is introduced into the forward osmosis separator 30 through the second feed solution passage 22 .

The induced concentrated solution generated in the evaporator 10 and the feed diluted solution generated in the absorber 20 are respectively introduced into the forward osmosis separator 30 .

The draw solution channel 31 of the forward osmosis separator 30 flows into the draw solution channel 31 from the evaporator 10, and the feed solution channel 32 feeds the diluent solution from the absorber 20 into the feed solution channel 32. this is imported

In the forward osmosis separator 30 , a forward osmosis process in which refrigerant movement occurs due to a difference in osmotic pressure between the feed solution and the draw solution is performed.

Due to the difference in osmotic pressure between the feed dilute solution and the draw concentrated solution, the refrigerant contained in the feed dilute solution in the feed solution channel 32 moves to the draw solution channel 31 through the forward osmosis membrane 33 do.

Therefore, the feed dilute solution introduced into the feed solution channel 32 is deprived of a refrigerant, and is regenerated as the feed concentrated solution.

In addition, the draw concentrated solution introduced into the draw solution channel 31 absorbs the refrigerant to become the draw dilute solution.

Through the regeneration process as described above, the feed solution and the draw solution are discharged to the evaporator 10 and the absorber 20, respectively, after restoring the initial concentration and vapor pressure conditions.

Since the forward osmosis process as described above is a phenomenon in which the solvent moves from a low osmotic pressure to a high place, it does not require additional power, so energy efficiency can be improved. The forward osmosis process has the advantage of being able to operate under a pressure condition of atmospheric pressure or less, it is also possible at atmospheric pressure, and is equally applicable even under a pressurized condition.

In addition, the draw solution uses a solution in which salts such as _{LiCl, NaCl, CaCl 2} , HCOOK, MgSO ₄ , MgCl _{2 are dissolved.} beneficial for improving the performance of As the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator 10 and is cooled due to the latent heat of evaporation and then flows into the draw solution channel 31, there is an advantage in that the temperature is low and the osmotic pressure is sufficiently high.

In addition, the feed solution uses a polymer-based or organic water miscible solvent as an absorbent for absorbing water, which is a refrigerant, so that when the temperature increases, the binding force holding water molecules is lowered, thereby reducing the osmotic pressure. Therefore, it is advantageous to improve the performance of the system. That is, since the absorber 20 generates absorption heat and is cooled by external cooling water to maintain a temperature of about 32 degrees, the temperature of the solution flowing into the feed solution channel 32 is high and the osmotic pressure is low. can

2 is a block diagram of an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of the change in refrigerant vapor pressure of the absorber when the refrigerant compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in the absorption type heat pump system 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a refrigerant compressor 210 is connected to the refrigerant passage 40 connecting the evaporator 10 and the absorber 20 . It is different from the first embodiment in that it is installed, and the rest of the configuration and operation other than the refrigerant compressor 210 are similar to those of the first embodiment.

The refrigerant compressor 210 is installed in the refrigerant passage 40 and compresses the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant passage 40 .

The refrigerant compressor 210 increases the refrigerant pressure before flowing into the absorber 20 from the refrigerant vapor pressure of the feed diluted solution in the absorber 20 .

FIG. 3A shows a pressure change of the refrigerant between the evaporator 10 and the absorber 20 when the refrigerant compressor 210 is not present.

Referring to Figure 3a, the absorber from the evaporator 10 by the refrigerant vapor pressure difference (△ P) of the refrigerant vapor pressure (P ₁₀₎ and the refrigerant vapor pressure (P ₂₀₎ in the absorber 20 from the evaporator 10 ( 20), the refrigerant vapor moves.

Meanwhile, FIG. 3B shows a refrigerant pressure change when the refrigerant vapor pressure P ₁₀ in the evaporator 10 is higher than the refrigerant vapor pressure P ₂₀ in the absorber 20 and the refrigerant compressor 210 is installed.

Referring to FIG. 3B , when the refrigerant compressor 210 pressurizes the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 10 , the discharge-side pressure P _comp,out discharged from the refrigerant compressor 210 is the pressure of the evaporator 10 . It can be seen that the refrigerant vapor pressure (P _{10 ) is higher than that.}

Since the difference (ΔP ₂ ) between the discharge side pressure (P _comp,out ) of the refrigerant compressor 210 and the refrigerant vapor pressure (P ₂₀ ) of the absorber is greater than the existing refrigerant vapor pressure difference (ΔP), the refrigerant movement speed can increase

In addition, a larger than conventional refrigerant vapor pressure difference (△ P), the difference (△ P ₁₎ of the refrigerant vapor pressure (P ₁₀₎ and the suction-side pressure (P _{comp, in)} of the refrigerant compressor (210) of the evaporator (10) Therefore, the refrigerant evaporation rate in the evaporator 10 may be increased.

Meanwhile, FIG. 3C shows a refrigerant pressure change when the refrigerant vapor pressure P ₁₀ ′ in the evaporator 10 is lower than the refrigerant vapor pressure P ₂₀ ′ in the absorber 20 and the refrigerant compressor 210 is installed.

When the refrigerant vapor pressure P ₁₀ ′ in the evaporator 10 is lower than the refrigerant vapor pressure P ₂₀ ′ in the absorber 20 , without the refrigerant compressor 210 , refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant movement do not occur.

On the other hand, even if the refrigerant vapor pressure P _{10 ′ in the evaporator 10 is lower than the refrigerant vapor pressure P 20} ′ in the absorber 20 , when the refrigerant compressor 210 is installed, the refrigerant vapor pressure of the evaporator 10 . Since the difference (ΔP ₁ ') between (P ₁₀ ') and the suction side pressure (P _comp,in ) of the refrigerant compressor 210 occurs, the refrigerant evaporator is possible in the evaporator 10 , so that the lower evaporator temperature and pressure It has the advantage of being able to operate under conditions. That is, as the refrigerant compressor 210 lowers the pressure on the outlet side of the evaporator 10 , it is possible to create conditions for the refrigerant to evaporate inside the evaporator 10 .

In addition, since the difference (ΔP ₂ ') between the discharge side pressure (P _comp,out ) of the refrigerant compressor 210 and the refrigerant vapor pressure (P ₂₀ ) of the absorber occurs, the refrigerant vapor pressure (P _{10) in the evaporator 10} ') is lower than the refrigerant vapor pressure (P ₂₀ ') in the absorber 20, refrigerant movement may occur.

The difference in vapor pressure between the evaporator 10 and the absorber 20 due to the refrigerant compressor 210 should not exceed 10, and is preferably 4 or less.

4 is a block diagram of an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the absorption heat pump system 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention further includes a draw solution tank 310 and a feed solution tank 320 , the evaporator 10 and the induction A flow path connecting the solution tank 310 and the forward osmosis separator 30 includes first, second, and third draw solution flow paths 311 , 312 , 313 , and the absorber 20 and the feed solution tank It is different from the first embodiment in that the flow path connecting the 320 and the forward osmosis separator 30 includes the first, second, and third feed solution flow paths 321, 322, and 323, and the rest Since the configuration and operation are similar to those of the first embodiment, different configurations will be described in detail, and the same reference numerals will be used for similar configurations, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

The first draw solution flow path 311 is a flow path connecting the outlet of the draw solution channel 31 of the forward osmosis separator 30 and the inlet of the evaporator 10 .

The draw solution tank 310 is installed on the first draw solution flow path 311 , and is a storage for temporarily storing the draw diluted solution flowing from the draw solution channel 31 into the evaporator 10 .

A draw solution valve 314 and a first draw solution pump 315 are installed in the first draw solution flow path 311 .

The draw solution valve 314 is installed between the draw solution tank 310 and the evaporator 10 in the first draw solution flow path 311 , and in the draw solution tank 310 , the evaporator 10 . It is a valve that controls the induction dilute solution flowing into the furnace. That is, the control unit (not shown) can increase the storage rate in the draw solution tank 310 by reducing or blocking the opening rate of the draw solution valve 314 during a time period when the cooling load is low or the energy cost is low. have.

The first draw solution pump 315 is a pump for pumping the draw concentrated solution generated in the evaporator 10 to the draw solution tank 310 .

The second draw solution flow path 312 is a flow path connecting the outlet of the evaporator 10 and the draw solution tank 310 . The second draw solution flow path 312 guides the draw concentrated solution generated in the evaporator 10 to the draw solution tank 310 .

The third draw solution flow path 313 is a flow path connecting the draw solution tank 310 and the forward osmosis separator 30 . The third draw solution flow path 313 connects the draw solution tank 310 and the inlet of the draw solution channel 31, is stored in the draw solution tank 310, and is stored in the draw solution tank 310 and the draw concentrated solution and the draw solution channel 31 It is a flow path for guiding the draw solution mixed with the solution to the draw solution channel 31 . The draw solution passing through the third draw solution flow path 313 is a solution having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution.

A second draw solution pump 316 is installed in the third draw solution flow path 313 to guide the draw solution stored in the draw solution tank 310 to the draw solution channel 31 .

The first feed solution flow path 321 is a flow path connecting the outlet of the feed solution channel 32 of the forward osmosis separator 30 and the inlet of the absorber 20 .

The feed solution tank 320 is installed on the first feed solution flow path 321 , and is a storage for temporarily storing the feed concentrated solution flowing into the absorber 20 from the feed solution channel 32 .

A feed solution valve 324 and a first feed solution pump 325 are installed in the first feed solution flow path 321 .

The feed solution valve 324 is installed between the feed solution tank 320 and the absorber 20 in the first feed solution flow path 321, and the absorber 20 in the feed solution tank 320. It is a valve for controlling the feed concentrated solution flowing into the. That is, the control unit (not shown) reduces or blocks the opening rate of the feed solution valve 324 during a time period when the cooling load is low or the energy cost is low, thereby increasing the storage rate in the feed solution tank 320. have.

The first feed solution pump 325 is a pump for pumping the feed dilute solution generated in the absorber 20 to the feed solution tank 320 .

The second feed solution flow path 322 is a flow path connecting the outlet of the absorber 20 and the feed solution tank 320 . The second feed solution flow path 322 guides the feed diluted solution generated in the absorber 20 to the feed solution tank 320 .

The third feed solution flow path 323 is a flow path connecting the feed solution tank 320 and the forward osmosis separator 30 . The third feed solution flow path 323 is stored in the feed solution tank 320 by connecting the feed solution tank 320 and the inlet of the feed solution channel 32, and the feed concentrated solution and the feed solution. It is a flow path for guiding the feed solution mixed with the solution to the feed solution channel (32). The feed solution passing through the third feed solution passage 323 is a solution having a lower osmotic pressure than the draw solution.

A second feed solution pump 326 for pumping the feed solution stored in the feed solution tank 320 to the feed solution channel 32 is installed in the third feed solution flow path 323 .

The absorption heat pump 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention configured as described above includes the draw solution tank 310 and the feed solution tank 320, so that the cooling load is small or the energy cost is low. Since it is possible to prepare and store a feed solution of the highest concentration in the maximum, and to prepare and store a draw solution of the lowest concentration as much as possible, it is possible to improve energy efficiency.

In addition, by having a tank capable of storing the feed solution and the draw solution, respectively, even if there is a limit in the regeneration capacity due to the limitation of the refrigerant flow rate passing through the forward osmosis separator 30, the size of the forward osmosis separator 30 However, it is possible to secure sufficient capacity of the feed solution and the draw solution without increasing the capacity.

Therefore, since the forward osmosis separator 30 can be made compact, the use of an expensive separation membrane can be minimized, thereby reducing costs.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, which are merely exemplary, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Accordingly, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

10: evaporator 11: first draw solution flow path
12: second draw solution flow path 20: absorber
21: first feed solution flow path 22: second feed solution flow path
30: forward osmosis separator 31: draw solution channel
32: feed solution channel 33: forward osmosis membrane
210: refrigerant compressor 310: draw solution tank
320: feed solution tank

Claims (20)

A feed solution channel through which a feed solution in which a refrigerant and an absorbent are mixed passes, a draw solution channel through which a draw solution having an osmotic pressure higher than that of the feed solution passes, and the feed solution channel and the draw solution channel A forward osmosis separation membrane provided between the feed solution to move the refrigerant included in the feed solution to the draw solution channel by the difference in osmotic pressure between the draw solution and the feed solution, wherein the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered in the feed solution channel a forward osmosis separator for discharging a feed concentrated solution, and discharging a draw dilute solution having an increased concentration of the refrigerant in the draw solution channel;
An evaporator for generating the draw concentrated solution in which the draw diluent solution is introduced from the draw solution channel, and the refrigerant contained in the draw diluent solution is evaporated through heat exchange between the draw diluent solution and the process water, and the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered; ;
The feed concentrated solution is introduced from the feed solution channel, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is introduced by the difference in refrigerant vapor pressure with the evaporator and absorbed in the feed concentrated solution, the feed diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant an absorber to generate;
a first draw solution flow path connecting the outlet of the draw solution channel and the evaporator to guide the draw dilute solution generated in the draw solution channel to the evaporator;
An absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator including a first feed solution passage for guiding the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel to the absorber by connecting the outlet of the feed solution channel and the absorber. The method according to claim 1,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a second draw solution flow path connecting the outlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the draw solution channel to guide the draw solution generated in the evaporator to the draw solution channel. 3. The method according to claim 2,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a draw solution pump installed in the second draw solution flow path to pump the draw solution to the draw solution channel. The method according to claim 1,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a second feed solution flow path connecting the outlet of the absorber and the inlet of the feed solution channel to guide the feed dilute solution generated in the absorber to the feed solution channel. 5. The method according to claim 4,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a feed solution pump installed in the second feed solution flow path to pump the feed dilute solution to the feed solution channel. The method according to claim 1,
The draw solution is an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator using an aqueous NaCl solution. The method according to claim 1,
The feed solution is an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator using an aqueous solution of propylene glycol (Propylene Glycol). The method according to claim 1,
a refrigerant passage connecting the evaporator and the absorber;
Forward osmosis pressure further comprising a refrigerant compressor installed in the refrigerant passage to compress the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant passage to increase the pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the absorber than the refrigerant vapor pressure of the feed diluted solution in the absorber Absorption type heat pump system using separator. The method according to claim 1,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a draw solution tank installed in the first draw solution flow path and temporarily storing the draw dilute solution generated in the draw solution channel. 10. The method of claim 9,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a draw solution valve installed in the first draw solution flow path to control the draw dilute solution flowing from the draw solution tank to the evaporator. 10. The method of claim 9,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a second draw solution flow path that connects the evaporator and the draw solution tank to guide the draw solution generated in the evaporator to the draw solution tank. 12. The method of claim 11,
By connecting the inlet of the draw solution tank and the draw solution channel, the draw solution stored in the draw solution tank, the draw concentrated solution and the draw dilute solution are mixed, and having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution, is transferred to the draw solution channel Absorption heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a third draw solution flow path guiding to. The method according to claim 1,
Absorption-type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a feed solution tank installed in the first feed solution flow path and temporarily storing the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel. 14. The method of claim 13,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a feed solution valve installed in the first feed solution flow path to control the feed concentrated solution flowing from the feed solution tank to the absorber. 14. The method of claim 13,
The absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a second feed solution flow path connecting the absorber and the draw solution tank to guide the feed dilute solution generated in the absorber to the feed solution tank. 16. The method of claim 15,
By connecting the feed solution tank and the inlet of the feed solution channel, the feed solution is stored in the feed solution tank and the feed dilute solution and the feed concentrated solution are mixed and the osmotic pressure is lower than that of the draw solution to the feed solution channel. Absorption heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator further comprising a third feed solution flow path to guide. A feed solution channel through which a feed solution in which a refrigerant and absorbent are mixed passes, a draw solution channel through which a draw solution having an osmotic pressure higher than that of the feed solution passes, and the feed solution channel and the draw solution channel A forward osmosis separation membrane provided between the feed solution to move the refrigerant included in the feed solution to the draw solution channel by the difference in osmotic pressure between the draw solution and the feed solution, wherein the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered in the feed solution channel a forward osmosis separator for discharging a feed concentrated solution, and discharging a draw dilute solution having an increased concentration of the refrigerant in the draw solution channel;
An evaporator for generating the draw concentrated solution in which the draw diluent solution is introduced from the draw solution channel, and the refrigerant contained in the draw diluent solution is evaporated through heat exchange between the draw diluent solution and the process water, and the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered; ;
The feed concentrated solution is introduced from the feed solution channel, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is introduced by the difference in refrigerant vapor pressure with the evaporator and absorbed in the feed concentrated solution, the feed diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant an absorber to generate;
a first draw solution flow path connecting the outlet of the draw solution channel and the evaporator to guide the draw dilute solution generated in the draw solution channel to the evaporator;
a first feed solution flow path connecting the outlet of the feed solution channel and the absorber to guide the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel to the absorber;
a draw solution tank installed in the first draw solution flow path to temporarily store the draw diluted solution generated in the draw solution channel;
Absorption-type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator including a feed solution tank installed in the first feed solution flow path and temporarily storing the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel. 18. The method of claim 17,
The draw solution is an aqueous NaCl solution,
The feed solution is an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator using an aqueous solution of propylene glycol (Propylene Glycol). A feed solution channel through which a feed solution in which a refrigerant and absorbent are mixed passes, a draw solution channel through which a draw solution having an osmotic pressure higher than that of the feed solution passes, and the feed solution channel and the draw solution channel A forward osmosis separation membrane provided between the feed solution to move the refrigerant included in the feed solution to the draw solution channel by the difference in osmotic pressure between the draw solution and the feed solution, wherein the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered in the feed solution channel a forward osmosis separator for discharging a feed concentrated solution, and discharging a draw dilute solution having an increased concentration of the refrigerant in the draw solution channel;
An evaporator for generating the draw concentrated solution in which the draw diluent solution is introduced from the draw solution channel, and the refrigerant contained in the draw diluent solution is evaporated through heat exchange between the draw diluent solution and the process water, and the concentration of the refrigerant is lowered; ;
The feed concentrated solution is introduced from the feed solution channel, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is introduced by the difference in refrigerant vapor pressure with the evaporator and absorbed in the feed concentrated solution, the feed diluted solution having a higher concentration of the refrigerant an absorber to generate;
a first draw solution flow path connecting the outlet of the draw solution channel and the evaporator to guide the draw dilute solution generated in the draw solution channel to the evaporator;
a first feed solution flow path connecting the outlet of the feed solution channel and the absorber to guide the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel to the absorber;
a refrigerant passage connecting the evaporator and the absorber;
a refrigerant compressor installed in the refrigerant passage to compress the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant passage to increase the pressure of the refrigerant before flowing into the absorber from the refrigerant vapor pressure of the feed diluted solution in the absorber;
a draw solution tank installed in the first draw solution flow path to temporarily store the draw diluted solution generated in the draw solution channel;
a draw solution valve installed in the first draw solution flow path to control the draw dilute solution flowing from the draw solution tank to the evaporator;
a feed solution tank that is installed in the first feed solution flow path and temporarily stores the feed concentrated solution generated in the feed solution channel;
An absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator, which is installed in the first feed solution flow path and includes a feed solution valve for controlling the feed concentrated solution flowing from the feed solution tank to the absorber. 20. The method of claim 19,
The draw solution is an aqueous NaCl solution,
The feed solution is an absorption type heat pump system using a forward osmosis separator using an aqueous solution of propylene glycol (Propylene Glycol).

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