KR20210087130A - Water hammer swivelling ground drill and ground drilling method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an excavation apparatus and an excavation method, which drill rocky ground for the purpose of pile foundation construction or the like. The excavation apparatus comprises a rotary plate (30) with a plurality of water hammers (42) mounted thereon, a center plate (20) with a hollow shaft (21), etc. An excavation hole is drilled by operating the water hammers (42) while the hollow shaft (21) of the excavation apparatus is coupled to a center pile (10) inserted into the ground to be drilled in advance. Through the present invention, when drilling a large-diameter excavation hole in the rock ground, the straightness and precision of the excavation hole are improved, and construction stability is secured. Employed equipment can be simplified and reduced in size, and the emission of pollutants such as exhaust gas and fine dust can be minimized. Underground water pollution and environmental pollution caused by lubricant for hammer operation can be prevented through the application of the water hammers (42).

Description

WATER HAMMER SWIVELLING GROUND DRILL AND GROUND DRILLING METHOD USING THE SAME

The present invention is an excavator and an excavation method for drilling rocky ground for the purpose of pile foundation construction, etc., and a rotating plate 30 equipped with a plurality of water hammers 42 and a hollow shaft 21 formed at a center The excavator is composed of a plate 20, etc., and as the water hammer 42 is operated in a state in which the hollow shaft 21 of the excavator is coupled to the central pipe 10 penetrated in advance into the ground to be drilled, the excavation hole is drilled. will become

In the construction industry, ground drilling is the formation of an excavation hole in a direction perpendicular or close to perpendicular to the ground for the purpose of construction of pile foundation, drilling, drilling, and earth wall construction for underground structure construction. However, depending on the required depth, various equipment and methods are applied.

Among these types of ground drilling, ground drilling for the construction of pile foundations can be said to be representative, and pile foundations have the bearing capacity of the tip and the frictional force of the circumferential surface, and the load of the structure above the pile or the negative pressure of the underground structure due to groundwater.壓), so the ground drilling for pile foundation usually requires a depth of excavation greater than or equal to the bedrock layer.

In other words, it can be said that excavation is required for most rocky ground in the construction industry, but rocky ground, which has significantly higher hardness and excavation resistance than that of earthen ground, causes considerable difficulties in excavation work. In the case of large-diameter excavation, not only high performance and output are required for the mobilized equipment, but also direct work such as operation and management of equipment, as well as indirect work such as power supply and establishment of auxiliary facilities, requires considerable manpower and cost.

1 illustrates the operation situation of a typical conventional large-diameter rocky ground excavation equipment, as shown, a large-diameter air hammer is mounted on a large self-propelled pile driver to excavate rocky ground. The excavation situation was exemplified for the exposed case, but in the case where the rocky ground is located under the soil layer, excavation of the soil layer through a large-diameter auger or clamshell, etc. and penetration of the casing for maintaining the hollow wall is preceded. , the drilling of the rocky ground proceeds.

In the conventional large-diameter rocky ground excavation as in FIG. 1, it is necessary to mobilize a hammer having a diameter that matches the diameter of the excavation hole, which causes various problems as follows.

First of all, when a large-diameter hammer is applied, not only the weight and output of the hammer itself, but also the scale of the ground equipment that drives and adjusts the hammer inevitably increases. It takes

In particular, in the conventional large-diameter excavation as shown in FIG. 1 , it is very difficult to adjust the direction and posture of the excavation once excavation is started, and it is also very difficult to restore or correct the construction error when it occurs.

Therefore, after the first drilling of a small-diameter excavation hole, large-diameter main excavation is performed, or a small central tube body is penetrated in advance and this is used as a derivative of large-diameter main excavation equipment. 2008-41610 has been developed.

The prior art, Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2008-41610 discloses that after small-diameter primary drilling, a device in which a number of small-diameter hammers are combined to perform large-diameter main excavation, compared to the traditional excavation method of applying a large-diameter single hammer, It was possible to dramatically improve straightness, precision, and construction stability, but there were bound to be limitations in simplification and miniaturization of equipment.

That is, in Korean Patent Publication No. 2008-41610, although the excavation apparatus for performing large-diameter main excavation was composed of a combination of a number of small-diameter hammers, a large-scale device was needed to put these small-diameter hammer combinations into the ground and rotate them. , that role had no choice but to be performed by a normal large file driver.

Therefore, the prior art in which a number of small hammers are applied in combination could not expect any other effects other than securing the straightness and precision of the large-diameter main excavation hole, and the simplification and miniaturization effect of equipment during main excavation could not be expected at all.

In particular, the conventional hammer combination excavation apparatus including Patent Publication No. 2008-41610 basically requires a large-diameter pile driver for main excavation, as well as a separate mobilization of a small excavator for performing the primary excavation. And there was a rather disadvantageous problem in terms of on-site management.

In addition, the transport and operation of the large pile driver itself requires enormous power, and the operation of the large-diameter hammer requires a high-output air compressor operated by an internal combustion engine, so serious pollutants such as soot and fine dust are generated throughout the construction process. There was a problem with large amounts of discharge.

In view of the above-described problems, the present invention was devised to enable work without the mobilization of large pile drivers and high-output air compressors, etc., in performing large-diameter main excavation through an excavation device in which a plurality of small-diameter hammers are combined. The central plate 20 on which the hollow shaft 21 is formed is provided with a driving unit 25 having a main driving gear 27 mounted thereon, and a driven gear 37 meshing with the main driving gear 27 is formed on the rotating plate 30. The hollow shaft 21 is freely rotatably coupled to the central portion of the rotating plate 30, and a plurality of water hammers 42 radially arranged around the hollow shaft 21 are installed, and the hollow shaft 21 is provided. A central tube 10 is coupled to the central tube 10 and the hollow shaft 21, respectively, the release portion 11 and the restraining portion 22 are formed, these release portion 11 and the restraining portion 22 The rotation of the center plate 20 is suppressed as the are coupled to each other, but the lifting activity is guaranteed.

In addition, in the ground excavation method using the water hammer revolving excavator, the step of penetrating the center pipe 10 into the ground, the steps of coupling the hammer revolving excavator to the upper end of the center pipe 10, and the center pipe A step of drilling a large-diameter excavation hole by rotating the rotating plate 30 and operating a water hammer 42 while lowering the hammer slewing type excavator in a state in which the hammer revolving excavator is coupled to (10), and hammer revolving excavation; When the device reaches the target depth, it is a ground excavation method using a water hammer turning type excavator, characterized in that it consists of a step of withdrawing the hammer turning type excavator and the central pipe 10 to the ground.

Through the present invention, in the drilling of a large-diameter excavation hole for a rocky ground, the straightness and precision of the excavation hole are improved, construction stability is secured, and the mobilization equipment is simplified and miniaturized, and pollutants such as soot and fine dust are discharged can be minimized, and through the application of the water hammer 42, it is possible to prevent environmental contamination such as groundwater contamination due to the lubricating oil for hammer operation.

In particular, in performing large-diameter main excavation after small-diameter primary drilling, it is possible to perform work only with a general crane without the mobilization of a large pile driver and a high-power internal combustion engine air compressor, thus dramatically reducing the cost of mobilizing and operating equipment. can save

In addition, since the water hammer 42 is applied as the main excavation equipment, it is possible to exclude the high-output internal combustion engine air compressor, and thus it is possible to significantly reduce pollutants such as soot and fine dust generated during the work process, thereby reducing the surrounding construction area. It can minimize inconvenience to residents and prevent environmental pollution.

1 is an explanatory view of a conventional large-diameter excavation hole drilling method;
2 is a perspective view of the present invention;
3 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention;
4 is a representative cross-sectional view of the present invention;
5 is an explanatory view of the construction process of the present invention;
6 is a perspective view of a modified embodiment of the present invention;
7 is a bottom perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention in which a housing is formed;
Fig. 8 is a representative cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 7;
9 is an explanatory diagram of a construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

The detailed configuration and execution process of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, Figure 2 shows the appearance of the operating state of the apparatus of the present invention, as shown, the hammer slewing type excavator of the present invention is composed of a plurality of water hammers 42 driven by water pressure fed at high pressure However, it operates while descending by its own weight in a state coupled to the central pipe (10).

In particular, unlike the prior art that is driven by being connected to a large pile driver on the ground and a rod or a casing, the hammer turning type excavator of the present invention is a device in which a wire is connected and supported simply as shown in FIG. 2 . As such, it can be operated even with relatively simple equipment such as a crane.

3 and 4 show the detailed configuration and internal structure of the apparatus of the present invention, in the hammer revolving excavator of the present invention, the center plate 20 with the hollow shaft 21 formed therein, the center plate 20 rotates freely It is composed of a rotating plate 30 coupled to be possible, a water hammer 42 mounted to a plurality of the rotating plate 30 , and a central tube 10 coupled to the hollow shaft 21 of the central plate 20 .

In the configuration of the device of the present invention, the central plate 20 is a configuration in which rotation is inhibited but elevation is allowed, and a hollow shaft 21 is formed in the planar center of the central plate 20, and the main driving gear 27 A driving unit 25 such as a motor equipped with is installed.

The hollow shaft 21 is, as in its dictionary meaning, an open center and a shaft having a tubular structure as a whole, and the central tube 10 inside the hollow shaft 21 suppresses rotation. Doedoe axial sliding (sliding) is coupled to be guaranteed, and to the outside of the hollow shaft 21, a rotating plate 30 to be described later is coupled to be freely rotatable.

The rotating plate 30 is configured to be rotated around the central tube 10 in a plan view, and as shown in FIG. 3 , a driven gear 37 meshed with the main driven gear 27 is located in the planar center of the rotating plate 30 . 4 , the hollow shaft 21 is coupled to the center of the rotating plate 30 so as to be freely rotatable through a bearing or the like.

That is, as in FIGS. 3 and 4 , at the center of the driven gear 37 formed in the center of the rotating plate 30 , the hollow shaft 21 protruding to the lower side of the central plate 20 is freely rotatable, and , The main gear 27 meshed with the driven gear 37 is driven by the driving unit 25 installed on the center plate 20, and as the driving unit 25 is operated and the main gear 27 is rotated, the driven The gear 37 and the rotating plate 30 are rotated about the hollow shaft 21 of the central plate 20 as a central axis.

In addition, as in FIGS. 3 and 4 , a plurality of water hammers 42 arranged in a plane radially with respect to the hollow shaft 21 are installed on the rotating plate 30 , and the rotating plate 30 is installed as described above. As it rotates, the water hammer 42 installed on the rotating plate 30 also rotates about the hollow shaft 21 , which is the rotating shaft of the rotating plate 30 .

As such, when the rotating plate 30 and the water hammer 42 rotate and pivot about the hollow shaft 21 of the central plate 20, the central plate 20 needs to be fixed without being rotated, which is This is performed by the central tube 10 coupled to the inside of the hollow shaft 21 of the plate 20 .

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the central tube 10 is coupled to the hollow shaft 21, and the central tube 10 and the hollow shaft 21 are each formed with a release portion 11 and a restraining portion 22 inside. Thus, the rotation of the center plate 20 is suppressed as the release portion 11 and the restraining portion 22 are coupled to each other, but as shown in FIG. 2 , the lifting activity of the entire device including the center plate 20 is guaranteed. will be.

In the illustrated embodiment, a protrusion is formed in the central tube 10 as the deformed portion 11 , and a concave portion of a shape coincident with the deformed portion 11 is formed as a restraining portion 22 in the hollow shaft 21 . However, conversely, a concave portion may be formed in the central tube 10 and a protrusion may be formed in the hollow shaft 21 .

In addition, as in FIGS. 3 and 4 , a driven gear 37 having a larger diameter compared to the main driving gear 27 is applied to achieve a reduction ratio, whereby a small motor or the like is applied as the driving unit 25 and the rotating plate 30 and the water hammer 42 can be rotated smoothly, and as shown in the same figure, a counterweight 29 is installed on the driving unit 25 and the center plate 20 of the plane symmetric point to facilitate smooth operation of the device of the present invention. Ensure lift operation.

On the other hand, although not shown in the drawing, the water supply pipe for driving the water hammer 42 mounted on the rotating plate 30 needs to be connected to the ground, and the connection of the water supply pipe despite the rotating operation of the rotating plate 30 To enable this, a swivel may be installed in the connection part of the center plate 20 and the rotary plate 30 or the connection part of the crane.

5 is a step-by-step view of the performance of the ground excavation method using the hammer turning type excavator of the present invention. As shown, the method of the present invention starts with the step of penetrating the center pipe 10 into the ground.

The central pipe 10 of the present invention is a small-diameter pipe body with a significantly reduced diameter compared to an excavation hole formed during main excavation later, and as shown in FIG. 5, it can be easily and quickly penetrated into the ground by a small crawler drill, etc. .

In particular, as illustrated in the drawing, the central pipe 10 is equipped with a small-diameter central hammer 41 at the lower end of the central pipe 10 to serve as a driving rod of the central hammer 41 for excavating rocky ground. may be combined.

When the central pipe 10 penetrates the target depth, a step of coupling the hammer turning type excavator to the upper end of the central pipe 10 is performed.

As described above, the hammer turning type excavator of the present invention can be supported and operated by simply connecting a crane without a large pile driver, and as illustrated in FIG. 5 , the present invention device to the crane is simply bound with a wire It is coupled to the central tube 10 in one state.

Then, as the main excavation operation, the rotating plate 30 is rotated while the hammer turning type excavator is lowered while the hammer turning type excavator is coupled to the central pipe 10 and the water hammer 42 is operated to dig a large-diameter excavation hole. A step of drilling is performed.

Then, when the hammer turning type excavator reaches the target depth, the step of withdrawing the hammer turning type excavator and the central pipe 10 to the ground is performed, thereby completing the method of the present invention.

As such, in the present invention, it is possible to stably excavate a large-diameter excavation hole with only a small crawler drill and a general crane without the mobilization of a large pile driver and a high-power air compressor, thereby dramatically reducing construction costs, as well as soot and fine dust It can significantly reduce the emission of pollutants such as

On the other hand, FIG. 6 is an embodiment in which the water hammer 42 is expanded compared to the embodiment of FIG. 2 described above, and the water hammer 42 may be increased or decreased or the specifications of the water hammer 42 may be changed according to the scale or ground characteristics of the planned excavation hole.

7 and 8 show an embodiment in which the housing 23 surrounding the water hammer 42 is configured. As shown in the figure, the housing 23 has a center plate 20 in a circular shape. In the expanded state, it has a cylindrical shape joined to the outer side of the center plate 20, and the housing 23 has a water hammer 42 upper part, a main gear 27 and a driven gear 37, etc. built in, these operating configurations will protect

As such, in the present invention, without the mobilization of a large pile driver, it is possible to drill a large-diameter excavator with a simple measure of connecting and supporting the excavator of the present invention to a crane, and large-diameter excavators for various sites where it is difficult for a large pile driver to access perforation is possible

That is, even at a site where the work area is extremely narrow and direct access is difficult, such as a steep slope, a fill slope, or between an earth wall and an existing structure, as shown in FIG. 9, the excavator of the present invention connected to the crane located on the upper ground is lowered and put in In this way, easy construction is possible.

In addition, contrary to the case of FIG. 9, when it is difficult to access the upper ground of a rapidly changing area such as a slope or an earth wall, by supporting the excavator of the present invention that is put into the upper ground by a crane located on the lower ground, the upper ground excavator is also It can be easily drilled.

10: central tube
11: release part
20: center plate
21: hollow shaft
22: deterrence
23: housing
25: drive unit
27: main gear
29: counterweight
30: rotating plate
37: driven gear
42 : water hammer
41: central hammer

Claims (2)

The central plate 20 in which the hollow shaft 21 is formed in the center is provided with a driving unit 25 equipped with a main driving gear 27;
The hollow shaft 21 is freely rotatably coupled to the central portion of the rotating plate 30 on which the driven gear 37 meshing with the main driving gear 27 is formed;
A plurality of water hammers 42 radially arranged around the hollow shaft 21 are installed on the rotating plate 30;
The central tube 10 is coupled to the hollow shaft 21, and the central tube 10 and the hollow shaft 21 are formed with a release portion 11 and a restraining portion 22, respectively, and these release portions 11 and The rotation of the center plate 20 is suppressed as the restraining parts 22 are coupled to each other, but the lifting activity is guaranteed.
In the ground excavation method using the water hammer turning type excavator of claim 1,
penetrating the central pipe 10 into the ground;
Coupling the hammer turning type excavator to the upper end of the central pipe 10;
Drilling a large-diameter excavation hole by rotating the rotating plate 30 and operating the water hammer 42 while lowering the hammer rotating excavator in a state in which the hammer rotating excavator is coupled to the central pipe 10;
Ground excavation method using a water hammer slewing type excavator, characterized in that the step of withdrawing the hammer slewing type excavator and the central pipe (10) to the ground when the hammer slewing type excavator reaches the target depth.

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