KR20210027569A - Hybrid pultrusion composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hybrid drawn composite material in a triple layer composed of a metal member, a glass fiber layer, and a carbon fiber layer, wherein the metal member, the glass fiber layer formed on the outer surface of the metal member, and the carbon fiber layer formed on the outer surface of the glass fiber layer are integrally manufactured through pultrusion. The triple layered material can be used as a frame for construction purposes by complementing the parts that are not satisfied by each single material.

Description

Hybrid drawing composite material{HYBRID PULTRUSION COMPOSITE MATERIAL}

The present invention relates to a hybrid drawn composite material using a combination of a metal and a fiber-reinforced composite material, and more specifically, to a triple hybrid drawn composite material consisting of metal, glass fiber and carbon fiber used as construction materials such as beams and frames. About.

In conventional industrial fields such as construction and industry, various types of reinforcing bars or frames are used to withstand the influence of external forces and loads structurally. As such a building material, a beam-shaped frame is widely used, and in particular, it is widely used as a support material, reinforcement material, etc. in buildings.

In the case of frames currently used in industrial fields such as construction and industry, high mechanical properties are required, and since various special properties are required in some cases, metal materials are manufactured using various methods and additionally processed on the produced metal materials. Special metal materials are used.

In the case of such a metal frame, the weight of the frame itself is large, and additional processes and costs are required to manufacture a frame to satisfy various special requirements, but there is a limit to improving the special required properties even through an additional process.

In order to solve this problem, for example, in the case of a building material frame, a technology for applying reinforced plastic to the building material frame has been developed. Accordingly, carbon fiber, glass fiber, or a material composed of carbon fiber and glass fiber is applied to the frame, but the manufacturing cost is higher than that of general metals, and the fiber-reinforced plastic itself is extremely low elongation, which prevents external forces such as impact. Failure to withstand and breakage occurs. For example, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0163628 discloses a method of reinforcing a reinforced concrete structure, which is a building material, by adding reinforcing fibers, but this is simply a form of reinforcing a reinforced concrete surface with reinforcing fibers. It is only used as, but does not solve the above-described problem.

Due to such problems, it is difficult to convert the construction material frame from a conventional metal material to a composite material, that is, a carbon fiber reinforced composite material, a glass fiber reinforced composite material, or a carbon fiber and glass fiber reinforced composite material.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0163628

The present invention was conceived to meet the above requirements and to solve the conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to use the existing metal material as it is, and the surface of the metal material is a composite material formed of glass fiber and carbon fiber, or It is to provide a composite frame.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid frame composed of a triple structure of metal, glass fiber and carbon fiber, not a metal frame, carbon fiber frame, glass fiber frame, carbon fiber and glass fiber reinforced frame, which are conventional methods, thereby providing excellent mechanical strength. And it is possible to reduce the weight compared to the existing, to provide a more stable and excellent composite material.

The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments.

The above object is achieved by a hybrid pultrusion composite material comprising a metal member, a glass fiber layer formed on the outer surface of the metal member, and a carbon fiber layer formed on the outer surface of the glass fiber layer as a composite material integrally manufactured through pultrusion molding. .

Preferably, the metal member may be in the shape of a square beam.

Preferably, the metal member may have a shape in which a hollow is formed in the longitudinal direction.

Preferably, the shape of the cross-section in the thickness direction of the metal member is an n-angled shape, and n may be 3 to 12.

Preferably, the thickness of the metal member may be 30mm to 60mm.

Preferably, the thickness of the glass fiber layer may be 15mm to 30mm.

Preferably, the thickness of the carbon fiber layer may be 45mm to 90mm.

Preferably, the thickness ratio of the metal member, the glass fiber layer and the carbon fiber layer may be 1.9 to 2.2: 0.8 to 1.3: 2.8 to 3.2.

Preferably, the arrangement direction between the fibers of the glass fiber layer and the fibers of the carbon fiber layer may be formed to form a predetermined angle to each other.

Preferably, the carbon fiber layer may include carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric and a matrix resin.

Preferably, the matrix resin may include at least one functional group of a phenyl group, an epoxy group, and an ether group.

Preferably, the carbon fiber layer may include 65 to 100 parts by weight of the matrix resin based on 100 parts by weight of carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric.

Preferably, the carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric may include at least one material among carbon black and CNT.

Preferably, the carbon fiber layer may further include a rubber material.

Preferably, the glass fiber layer may include glass fibers and a matrix resin.

Preferably, the matrix resin may include at least one functional group of a phenyl group, an epoxy group, and an ether group.

Preferably, the glass fiber layer may include 65 to 100 parts by weight of the matrix resin based on 100 parts by weight of the glass fiber.

Preferably, the glass fiber may include at least one or more of a glass bead and a milled glass fiber.

Preferably, the glass fiber layer may further include a rubber material.

Preferably, the density of the glass fibers included in the glass fiber layer may be 2.5 to 2.8 g/cm ³ , and the density of the carbon fibers included in the carbon fiber layer may be 1.6 to 1.9 g/cm 3.

In addition, the above object is achieved by a composite material frame for construction purposes formed using the hybrid drawn composite material described above.

The hybrid drawn composite material according to the present invention is manufactured by pultrusion molding three different materials of metal, glass fiber, and carbon fiber, so that when manufacturing frames, etc., the advantages of each material are utilized and the disadvantages are compensated for the composite material. Can provide.

In addition, since the hybrid drawn composite material according to the present invention is not composed of only reinforcing fibers, but contains a metal material like a frame such as a beam used in the past, it can sufficiently replace the conventional frame and can be used in the actual field. When replacing the metal frame of the resistance can be lowered. In this way, when replacing the conventional metal frame, since the problem part is minimized, the utilization of the molded product can be increased.

In addition, since the hybrid drawn composite material according to the present invention uses three kinds of composite materials, the weight of the material can be reduced, and when used as a skeleton of a building, it can produce its own seismic effect against earthquakes caused by natural disasters. There is an advantage.

However, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

1A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1B is a cross-sectional view in the thickness direction of the hybrid drawn composite material shown in FIG. 1A.
2 is a cross-sectional view in the thickness direction of a hybrid drawn composite material according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments of the present invention and drawings. These examples are only illustratively presented to explain the present invention in more detail, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples. .

In the drawings, the thicknesses are enlarged in order to clearly express various layers and regions. Like reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification. When a part of a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is said to be "on" another part, this includes not only the case where the other part is "directly above", but also the case where there is another part in the middle. Conversely, when one part is "directly above" another part, it means that there is no other part in the middle.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control. Also, although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, suitable methods and materials are described herein. In addition, the shape or size of the components may be exaggerated than they actually are. In addition, when it is thought that the description of the related known technology may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the description of the known technology is omitted.

1A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the hybrid drawn composite material shown in FIG. 1A in the thickness direction.

1A and 1B, the hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a metal member 10, a glass fiber layer 20, and a carbon fiber layer 30.

The hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention is a triple hybrid drawn composite material of metal, glass fiber and carbon fiber, and a metal member 10 supporting the entire structure as a main material and serving as a skeleton is located in the center. , The surface of the metal member 10 is surrounded by a glass fiber layer 20, surrounds the outer surface of the glass fiber layer 20, and a carbon fiber layer 30 is formed.

The metal member 10 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B has a square beam shape. However, this is only an example, and the shape of the metal member 10 is not limited to a rectangular beam shape, and may have various polygonal shapes. Preferably, when the metal member 10 has a polygonal shape such as a square beam (□-beam), the shape of the cross section in the thickness direction of the metal member 10 is an n-angled shape, where n may be 3 to 12 have.

The thickness of the metal member 10 is preferably 30mm to 60mm. When the thickness of the metal member 10 is less than 30mm, the thickness is thin and thus mechanical strength cannot be satisfied, and thus it may be broken when used, and when the thickness is more than 60mm, manufacturing cost is unnecessarily increased due to the excessive thickness.

The metal member 10 located at the center maintains the skeleton in the same way as the material used for the existing construction frame, and in particular, serves to withstand the load and external force by using the elongation and yield strength of the metal material.

The type of metal forming the metal member 10 is not particularly limited, and ferrous metals and nonferrous metals used as a construction material metal frame or beam may be used. However, in consideration of cost and workability, carbon steel widely used as a building material can be used.

The glass fiber layer 20 is located between the inner metal member 10 and the outermost carbon fiber layer 30, and is formed in a form that completely surrounds the outer surface of the metal member 10. In this way, the glass fiber layer 20 located between the inner metal member 10 and the outermost carbon fiber layer 30 prevents problems that may occur between the metal member 10 and the carbon fiber layer 30, It complements the disadvantages of metal materials and carbon fibers. In particular, when the metal member 10 and the carbon fiber layer 30 are in direct contact, galvanic corrosion may occur due to a potential difference, so that the glass fiber layer 20 is positioned as an insulator between the metal member 10 and the carbon fiber layer. (30) To prevent galvanic corrosion between. In addition, the glass fiber layer 20 mitigates the difference in elongation between the metal member 10 and the carbon fiber layer 20 to prevent breakage due to the difference in elongation.

The thickness of the glass fiber layer 20, that is, the thickness of the glass fiber layer 20 surrounding the metal member 10 is preferably 15 mm to 30 mm. At this time, if the thickness of the glass fiber layer 20 is less than 15 mm, the desired physical properties may not be satisfied, and damage and cracks may occur during use.If the thickness of the glass fiber layer 20 is more than 30 mm, the expensive glass fiber layer is wasted due to the thickness beyond the need, so manufacturing cost is unnecessary Will increase.

The glass fiber layer 20 includes a glass fiber and a matrix resin impregnated with the glass fiber. Preferably, the glass fiber layer 20 may include 65 to 100 parts by weight of the matrix resin based on 100 parts by weight of the glass fiber.

In this case, the glass fiber may include at least one of glass beads and milled glass fibers.

The matrix resin of the glass fiber layer 20 preferably contains at least one functional group of a phenyl group, an epoxy group, and an ether group. As the matrix resin of the glass fiber layer 20, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resin and polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin or polybutylene resin, polyoxymethylene resin, poly Amide resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, styrene acrylonitrile copolymer resin, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer resin, acrylate styrene acrylonitrile copolymer resin, polymethylene methacrylate resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyphenylene sulfide Resins, polyphenylene ether resins, polyimide resins, polyamideimide resins, polyetherimide resins, polysulfone resins, polyethersulfone resins, polyetherketone resins, polyetheretherketone resins, etc. can be used. In particular, polypropylene Resins, polyolefin resins, polyamide resins, and polycarbonate resins may be preferably used. Moreover, these copolymers, modified products, and resins obtained by blending two or more types can also be used.

In addition, the matrix resin of the glass fiber layer 20 may further include a rubber material to improve impact resistance.

In addition, it is preferable that the density of the glass fibers contained in the glass fiber layer 20 is 2.5 to 2.8 ^{g/cm 3.} When the density of the glass fiber is ^{less than 2.5 g/cm 3,} the elongation of the glass fiber is usually increased, so that when an external force is generated, it can absorb the impact to reduce cracking and damage, but mechanical properties such as strength are lowered. In addition, when the density ^{of the glass fiber exceeds 2.8 g/cm 3} , the elastic modulus of the glass fiber increases and the elongation decreases, so that when an external force is generated, it is not able to withstand external forces such as impact and breaks occurs.

In addition, the glass fibers used in the glass fiber layer 20 may be various types of glass fibers such as E-glass and H-glass.

The carbon fiber layer 30 is located at the outermost part of the composite material in a form surrounding the outer surface of the glass fiber layer 20, and withstands various forces received from the outside. In addition, a specific pattern can be designed on the carbon fiber layer 30 to give a visual effect, and through a specific pattern, vibrations caused by natural disasters, etc. can be absorbed, and a great effect can be seen in seismic design.

The thickness of the carbon fiber layer 30 is preferably 45mm to 90mm. When the thickness of the carbon fiber layer 30 is less than 45mm, the mechanical strength and hardness of the carbon fiber are insufficient, so that it is easily damaged by external force, and when the thickness of the carbon fiber layer 30 is more than 90mm, the manufacturing cost increases.

In addition, the carbon fiber layer 30 may be formed by impregnating a carbon fiber or a carbon fiber fabric with a matrix resin. Preferably, the carbon fiber layer 30 may include 65 to 100 parts by weight of the matrix resin based on 100 parts by weight of the carbon fiber.

At this time, the carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric preferably includes at least one of carbon black and carbon nanotubes (CNT).

In addition, the matrix resin of the carbon fiber layer 30 preferably includes at least one functional group of a phenyl group, an epoxy group, and an ether group. As the matrix resin of the carbon fiber layer 30, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resins and polybutylene terephthalate resins, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins and polybutylene resins, polyoxymethylene resins, poly Amide resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, styrene acrylonitrile copolymer resin, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer resin, acrylate styrene acrylonitrile copolymer resin, polymethylene methacrylate resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyphenylene sulfide Resins, polyphenylene ether resins, polyimide resins, polyamideimide resins, polyetherimide resins, polysulfone resins, polyethersulfone resins, polyetherketone resins, polyetheretherketone resins, etc. can be used. In particular, polypropylene Resins, polyolefin resins, polyamide resins, and polycarbonate resins may be preferably used. Moreover, these copolymers, modified products, and resins obtained by blending two or more types can also be used.

In addition, the matrix resin of the carbon fiber layer 30 may further include a rubber material to improve impact resistance.

In addition, it is preferable that the density of the carbon fibers included in the carbon fiber layer 30 is 1.6 to 1.9 g/cm ^3. If the density of the carbon fiber is ^{less than 1.6g/cm 3,} the elongation of the carbon fiber is usually increased, so cracking and damage due to external force can be reduced, but a problem of lowering the elastic modulus may occur. In addition, when the density ^{of the carbon fiber exceeds 1.9 g/cm 3} , the elastic modulus of the carbon fiber increases and the elongation decreases, causing cracks and breakages due to the elongation when an external force is generated, and a hybrid drawn composite material due to the increase in the weight of the carbon fiber. Will increase the weight.

In addition, the carbon fibers included in the carbon fiber layer 30 may be both PAN-based and pitch-based carbon fibers.

The thickness ratio of the metal member 10 located in the center, the glass fiber layer 20 surrounding the metal member 10, and the carbon fiber layer 30 surrounding the glass fiber layer 20 is 1.9 to 2.2: 0.8 to 1.3: 2.8 to 3.2. It is preferable, and it is more preferable that it is 2:1:3. When the thickness ratio between the metal member, the glass fiber layer, and the carbon fiber layer does not satisfy the above range, the mechanical strength required for the construction material frame cannot be secured.

The hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention has the fiber arrangement direction of the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30 laminated on the outer surface of the metal member 10 in order to improve problems such as impact or warping. It may be formed to have a vertical, horizontal or predetermined angle. For example, when the hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention is used as a frame at a construction site, the fiber arrangement direction of the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30 in consideration of the type and direction of the applied external force. It may be arranged in the same length direction as the metal member 10, or may be arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the metal member 10.

In particular, in order to effectively respond to external forces applied in various directions, the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30 may be arranged to have different predetermined angles. In this case, the fiber arrangement between the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30 may be arranged to have 40 to 50°. In this way, when the arrangement direction of the fibers constituting the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30 is arranged at an angle of 40 to 50°, the hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention is impacted by various external forces. And the strength corresponding to the distortion may be stronger.

As described above, in the hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention, the metal member 10 is located in the center of the interior, the glass fiber layer 20 is present on the surface of the metal member 10, and the glass fiber layer 20 Since the carbon fiber layer 30 is a triple drawing structure existing on the outermost surface, other materials can compensate for the disadvantages of each material. According to such characteristics, preferably, the hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention is used as a temporary/building frame member, and can replace a conventional frame and a square beam.

The hybrid drawn composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention may be manufactured by laminating the metal member 10, the glass fiber layer 20, and the carbon fiber layer 30, but various construction methods may be used, but successively having the same cross-sectional shape. It is preferable in terms of material properties and cost to be integrally manufactured through pultrusion that can manufacture products. In addition, in the case of using carbon fiber fabrics and glass fiber fabrics in the form of carbon fibers and glass fibers, it is desirable to further improve the entrance of the mold for pultrusion molding, and also other molding at the beginning of the pultrusion molding process. It is desirable to produce through.

As described above, in order to arrange the fibers constituting the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30 to be different from each other in order to effectively endure various external forces in the present invention, it is necessary to change the angle of the laminated material. Since this must be completed before the material enters the mold, a jig (JIG), which is an auxiliary device capable of changing the arranged angle of the fabric or fibers constituting the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30, is used before reaching the mold entrance. It is desirable to install.

In particular, when a carbon fiber fabric and a glass fiber fabric are used instead of carbon fiber and glass fiber, it is difficult to construct a mold and a manufacturing apparatus as in the case of using carbon fiber and glass fiber. When the glass fiber layer 20 and the carbon fiber layer 30 are arranged to have an angle of 40 to 50°, the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are supplied to the mold so as to have the above angle and can be arranged at a predetermined angle. Carbon fiber fabric and glass fiber fabric have a problem that it is difficult to supply the mold to have different angles due to the characteristics of the fabric structure. Therefore, to allow the carbon fiber fabric and the glass fiber fabric to be arranged to have the above angles in different directions from each other, an auxiliary device such as a jig that allows the two to have a predetermined angle before reaching the mold entrance is provided at the entrance portion of the mold. In addition, it is desirable to fabricate a hybrid drawn composite material. Through this, the hybrid drawn composite material according to the present invention can have a stronger strength corresponding to impact and distortion caused by an external force.

As described above, the carbon fiber layer 30 uses the high stiffness and high strength of the carbon fiber to endure the force finally transmitted from the outside from the outermost shell. At this time, by giving a pattern to the exterior of the carbon fiber layer 30, it is possible to have a luxurious visual image. In order to put a predetermined pattern on the carbon fiber layer 30 as described above, it is possible to combine the drawing and filament winding method, the drawing and the braiding method, the drawing and the sheet winding method, and the like. In addition to the installation, it is advisable to install suitable devices for each.

2 is a cross-sectional view in the thickness direction of a hybrid drawn composite material according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the hybrid drawn composite material according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a hollow metal member 11, and a hollow is formed therein in the longitudinal direction. That is, the hollow metal member 11 has a polygonal pipe shape. While the metal member 10 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B has a shape filled with metal, the hollow metal member 11 of FIG. 2 has a shape in which the internal space is emptied. By forming the hollow inside the hollow metal member 11 in this way, it is possible to reduce the weight of the hollow metal member 11, which occupies the largest proportion of the total weight. In addition, manufacturing cost can be reduced by reducing the amount of metal material used for the hollow metal member 11. In particular, in the case of the hollow metal member 11, since it is possible to use a beam in the form of an empty square pipe, which is generally used in the current construction site, it has the advantage of easy processing. At this time, the width of the hollow of the hollow metal member 11 can be freely adjusted according to the required strength and expected external force.

The present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but these are only exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various modifications and other equivalent embodiments are possible therefrom. There will be. Accordingly, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

10: metal member 20: glass fiber layer
30: carbon fiber layer 11: hollow metal member

Claims (17)

As a composite material that is integrally manufactured through pultrusion molding,
Metal member;
A glass fiber layer formed on the outer surface of the metal member; And
A carbon fiber layer formed on the outer surface of the glass fiber layer;
Containing, hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
The metal member is a square beam shape, hybrid drawing composite material. The method of claim 1,
The metal member has a hollow formed therein in the longitudinal direction, the hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
The shape of the cross-section in the thickness direction of the metal member is an n-shaped, n is 3 to 12, the hybrid drawing composite material. The method of claim 1,
The thickness of the metal member is 30mm to 60mm, a hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
The thickness of the glass fiber layer is 15mm to 30mm, hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
The thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 45mm to 90mm, hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
The thickness ratio of the metal member, the glass fiber layer and the carbon fiber layer is 1.9 to 2.2: 0.8 to 1.3: 2.8 to 3.2 hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
A hybrid drawing composite material in which an arrangement direction between the fibers of the glass fiber layer and the fibers of the carbon fiber layer forms a predetermined angle with each other. The method of claim 1,
The carbon fiber layer includes carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric and a matrix resin,
The matrix resin comprises at least one functional group of a phenyl group, an epoxy group and an ether group, a hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 10,
The carbon fiber layer comprises 65 to 100 parts by weight of a matrix resin based on 100 parts by weight of carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric, a hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 10,
The carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric includes at least one material among carbon black and CNT,
The carbon fiber layer further comprises a material of a rubber material, hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
The glass fiber layer comprises glass fiber and a matrix resin,
The matrix resin comprises at least one functional group of a phenyl group, an epoxy group and an ether group, a hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 13,
The glass fiber layer comprises 65 to 100 parts by weight of the matrix resin based on 100 parts by weight of the glass fiber, hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 13,
The glass fiber includes at least one or more of a glass bead and a milled glass fiber,
The glass fiber layer further comprises a material of a rubber material, hybrid drawn composite material. The method of claim 1,
The density of the glass fibers contained in the glass fiber layer is 2.5 to 2.8 g/cm3,
The density of the carbon fibers contained in the carbon fiber layer is 1.6 ~ 1.9 g / cm ³ , a hybrid drawn composite material. A composite material frame for construction purposes formed using the hybrid drawn composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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