KR20210020993A - Device for checking the bearing capacity of piles of offshore foundation buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The device 26 for checking the bearing capacity of the first pile 22a of the marine foundation building includes a body 28, a first connection means for connecting the body 28 to a reference element, and the body 28 as a first. A second connection means for connecting to the piles 22a, and means 34 for applying a load to the first piles 22a in a direction parallel to the axis of the first piles 22a. The device further comprises measuring means for measuring the displacement of the first pile 22a.

Description

Device for checking the bearing capacity of piles of offshore foundation buildings

The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore foundation structures, in particular offshore foundation structures intended to support offshore wind turbines. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for checking the bearing capacity of the piles of such offshore foundation buildings.

Offshore devices such as offshore wind turbines generally rest on offshore foundation structures including structures and foundation piles. Marine foundation structures are fixed to the sea floor by foundation piles embedded into the sea floor. The upper end of the foundation pile is optionally attached to the structure through a pile sleeve.

Traditionally, foundation piles are driven into the seabed by a so-called impact drive technique, which includes applying large loads to the foundation piles so that they are lodged for a short period of time, for example in less than 1 second, and repeating the steps of applying these loads. When the foundation pile is inserted, a dynamic test method is implemented. According to the dynamic test method, the step of applying a load with a hammer is repeated continuously while monitoring the acceleration and deformation of the pile. By matching the modeled pile behavior during the hammer stroke with the recorded signal (so-called signal matching method), the pile bearing capacity can be recalculated based on the monitored data. The main drawback of dynamic testing is that it produces significant noise or significant vibrations that can be harmful to the wildlife surrounding the offshore infrastructure and offshore equipment. In addition, the correlations or safety factors used with dynamic testing methods are generally larger than those for static testing, increasing the pile bearing capacity that must be measured through dynamic testing, increasing the pile diameter and thus increasing the material cost. .

In order to avoid this drawback, various improved methods of driving piles into the seabed have been proposed. Nevertheless, with these methods it is not possible to ascertain whether or not the piles are stuck with the necessary support. Currently, the only way to check the bearing capacity of the foundation pile embedded by this improved method is to implement the dynamic test method after inserting the pile. Therefore, there is a need to check the bearing capacity of the foundation pile without the need to implement a dynamic test method.

The present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.

More specifically, the present invention aims to be able to confirm the bearing capacity of the foundation pile of the marine foundation building in a way that more respects the surrounding wild animals.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the body, a first connection means for connecting the body to the reference element, a second connection means for connecting the body to the first pile, the first pile in a direction parallel to the axis of the first pile. A device is proposed for verifying the installation of a first pile of an offshore foundation building, comprising means for applying a load to the pile.

According to one of the general characteristics, the device further comprises measuring means for measuring the displacement of the first pile.

Thanks to this arrangement, the insertion of the first pile can be confirmed without implementing a dynamic test technique. More specifically, the first connecting means and the second connecting means allow a means for applying a lighter load under static conditions compared to the dynamic test. Thus, the occurrence of noise or vibration is significantly reduced.

Preferably, the device is suitable for checking the bearing capacity of the first pile.

The first pile is any one of piles of an offshore foundation building. It may be the first installed or any of the following.

In one embodiment, the first connecting means comprises a contact surface intended to lie against the front surface of the reference element.

According to another embodiment, the second connection means comprise a contact surface intended to lie against the front surface of the first pile.

In a specific embodiment, the first connection means are intended to fasten the body to an adapter or structure of an offshore foundation building.

In one embodiment, the first connecting means is configured to connect the body to the second pile of the offshore foundation building.

Preferably, the first connecting means and the second connecting means are substantially identical.

In another specific embodiment, the first connecting means comprises first fastening means for securing the second pile of the offshore foundation building to the body.

Preferably, the first fixing means are further configured to fix at least a third pile of the offshore foundation building to the body.

In one embodiment, the first fixing means are configured to grip the second pile.

This design of the first connecting means makes it possible to use the structure, adapter or second pile, as the case may be, as a counterweight for the applied load. This avoids the use of cumbersome ballast weights. This is particularly advantageous for subsea equipment because of the more important buoyancy of ballast weights in sea water.

In a further embodiment, the second connecting means comprises second fastening means for fastening the first pile to the body.

Preferably, the second fixing means are configured to grip the first pile.

In a particular embodiment, at least one of the first fixing means and the second fixing means comprises at least two clamping chucks movable in the radial direction.

In another embodiment, the means for applying the load is configured to apply the load in a manner that tends to push the first pile into the seabed.

In a further embodiment, the means for applying the load comprises a cylinder and a piston.

Preferably, the measuring means can measure the displacement of the piston relative to the cylinder directly.

This design provides a simple and compact solution for applying a load and determining whether the first pile has been moved.

In another embodiment, the measuring means may measure the displacement of the first pile relative to the body.

This configuration prevents measurement offset due to the elasticity of the means for applying the load.

In a further embodiment, at least one of the first connecting means, the second connecting means and the means for applying a load is actuated by hydraulic energy and/or electrical energy.

This energy is particularly desirable for subsea equipment, as it makes it possible to have remote power generating units, for example on ships. The device itself becomes more compact.

According to another aspect of the invention, an adapter for an offshore foundation includes a cylindrical sleeve for receiving piles of the offshore foundation, and the device described above.

In a specific embodiment, the cylindrical sleeve is designed to receive piles having a radially circular cross section with a diameter in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 m, preferably 0.6 m to 1.5 m.

This diameter can limit the load exerted by the means for applying the load of the device.

In addition, at least two cylindrical sleeves each intended to receive piles of offshore foundation structures, forming an adapter together, can be envisaged.

Such adapters can increase the number of foundation piles to reduce the diameter of each pile without jeopardizing the combined bearing capacity and reliability of attaching the offshore foundation structure to the seabed.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method for testing the installation of a first pile of an offshore foundation building, preferably an offshore foundation building intended to support an offshore wind turbine, is proposed, wherein the body is connected to a reference element. Arranging the above-described device on the offshore foundation building as possible, connecting the body to the first pile, applying a load to the first pile in a direction parallel to the axis of the first pile, measuring the load, and And measuring the displacement of the first pile.

The invention and its advantages will be better understood by studying the detailed description of specific embodiments provided by way of a non-limiting example and illustrated by the accompanying drawings as follows.

1 shows a side view of an offshore foundation building including an adapter according to an aspect of the invention.
Figure 2 shows a three-dimensional view of the adapter of Figure 1;
3 shows a cross-sectional view of the adapter of FIGS. 1 and 2 equipped with a device according to an aspect of the invention.
4 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a first connecting means for connecting the device of FIG. 3.
5 shows a detailed side view of a means for applying a load to the device of FIG. 3.
6 is a detailed side view of a connecting means for connecting a variant embodiment of the device of FIG. 3.

Referring to Fig. 1, an offshore foundation building 2 is schematically shown. The offshore foundation building 2 is laid on the seabed 3 and is aimed at supporting offshore devices (not shown), in particular offshore wind turbines. Nevertheless, the offshore foundation building 2 can also be used to support other types of offshore devices such as offshore hydrocarbon platforms.

), 벡터(

) 및 벡터(

)로 구성된다.An orthogonal direct vector base 4 attached to the offshore foundation building 2 is defined. Base(4) is a vector(

), vector(

) And vector(

).

)는 수직으로 위쪽으로 향한다고 가정한다는 것이 이해될 것이다.In this application, the terms "low", "below", and "up" are referred to for the base 4 when the offshore foundation building 2 is generally installed on a horizontal seabed, ie, vector (

It will be understood that) is assumed to be directed vertically upwards.

It will be understood that the word "cylindrical" is, according to its general definition, that a cylindrical surface is a surface consisting of all points of all lines passing through a fixed planar curve in a plane parallel to a given line and not parallel to a given line.

The marine foundation building 2 comprises a structure 6. The structure 6 comprises four main legs 8 and only two legs 8 are visible in the side view of FIG. 1. The structure 6 also includes a plurality of braces 10. The brace 10 mechanically connects the leg 8 and the other leg 8. In the side view of FIG. 1, only four braces 10 can be seen.

In the illustrated embodiment, the structure 6 is a jacket. However, without departing from the scope of the invention, it would be possible to have structures with other designs, for example tripods.

The offshore foundation building 2 includes an adapter 12 for each main leg 8. That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the offshore foundation building 2 includes four adapters 12, of which only two can be seen in the side view of FIG. The adapter 12 is intended to form a mechanical connection between the structure 6 and the foundation piles 22, 22a (see Fig. 3). The foundation piles 22, 22a have an axis through which they extend and are cylindrical with respect to the direction of the axis. The foundation piles 22, 22a also have a radially circular cross section with a _{diameter d 22.} In the following description, unless otherwise indicated, the words "radial direction" and "axial direction" will be understood to refer to the axis of rotation of the piles 22 or 22a. For clarity of the drawing, piles are not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. For each main leg 8, an adapter 12 is attached to the lower end of the main leg 8. In the illustrated embodiment, the adapter 12 is welded to the leg 8 before the offshore foundation 2 is launched at sea.

)의 방향에 대해 원통형이다. 슬리브(16)는 모두 슬리브(14)의 축에 대해 원에 위치된다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 주변 슬리브(16)의 다른 기하학적 배열이 예상될 수 있다. 슬리브(14) 및 슬리브(16)는 반경 방향 원형 단면을 갖는다. 반경 방향 단면의 직경(d₁₆)은 모든 슬리브(16)에 대해 실질적으로 동일하다. 슬리브(14)의 반경 방향 단면의 직경(d₁₄)은 직경(d₁₆)의 약 2 배이다. 보다 구체적으로, 직경(d₁₆)은 어댑터(12)가 0.6 m 내지 1.5 m 범위 내의 직경(d₂₂)을 갖는 말뚝을 수용하도록 구성되도록 선택된다. 직경(d₁₆)은 이 경우 0.6 m 내지 1.8 m 범위 내에 있다.Referring to FIG. 2, the adapter 12 includes a central sleeve 14 and five peripheral sleeves 16. Nevertheless, a different number of peripheral sleeves 16 can be expected, for example six peripheral sleeves. Sleeves 14 and 16 are vector (

) Is cylindrical in the direction of. The sleeves 16 are all positioned in a circle with respect to the axis of the sleeve 14. Nevertheless, other geometric arrangements of the peripheral sleeve 16 can be expected. Sleeve 14 and sleeve 16 have a radially circular cross section. _{The diameter d 16} of the radial cross section is substantially the same for all sleeves 16. _{The diameter d 14} of the radial section of the sleeve 14 is about twice the diameter d _16. More specifically, the diameter d ₁₆ is selected such that the adapter 12 is configured to receive a pile having _{a diameter d 22 in the range of 0.6 m to 1.5 m.} The diameter d ₁₆ is in this case in the range of 0.6 m to 1.8 m.

Each adapter 12 includes a metal sub-frame 18. The metal sub-frame 18 includes a plurality of metal hollow sections (not referenced) and metal plates (not referenced). For each adapter 12, a metal sub-frame 18 aims to connect the sleeve 14, the sleeve 16 and the mating part for attaching the adapter 12 to the lower end of the main leg 8. do.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, each sleeve 16 includes an upper portion 20. For each sleeve 16, the portion 20 is truncated conical with respect to the axis of the peripheral sleeve 16. More specifically, portion 20 extends vertically between a circular lower end having a _{diameter d 20d} and an upper circular end having a _{diameter d 20u.} Diameter (d _20d ) is equal to diameter (d ₁₆ ), and diameter (d _20u ) is greater than diameter (d _{20d ).} Preferably, the angle of the truncated conical shape of the portion 20 is in the range of 40° to 55°. The truncated conical shape of the part 20 helps to insert the foundation piles 22, 22a into the sleeve 16 to fix the offshore foundation structure 2 to the seabed 3.

)에 수직인 디스크를 형성한다. 부분(23)은 부분(23)과 슬리브(16) 사이의 연결의 강성을 증가시키도록 의도된 복수의, 예를 들어 8 개의 수직 직립부(25)를 포함한다.3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane III-III of FIG. 1. As can be seen in FIG. 3, each peripheral sleeve 16 includes an enlarged portion 23 at the bottom. More specifically, the portion 23 comprises a lower front surface 24 intended to lie on the seabed 3. The surface 24 is a vector (

) To form a disk perpendicular to it. The portion 23 comprises a plurality of, for example eight vertical uprights 25 intended to increase the rigidity of the connection between the portion 23 and the sleeve 16.

The offshore foundation building 2 comprises a device 26. The device 26 is intended to check the bearing capacity of the piles 22, 22a after insertion. The device 26 is not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for better clarity of the drawing.

)에 수직이다. 도 2의 실시예에서, 몸체(28)는 5 개의 말뚝(22, 22a)을 수용하도록 위치된 5 개의 관통 구멍(참조되지 않음)을 포함한다. 몸체(28)는 주변 슬리브(16)의 부분(20)의 상부 단부에 축 방향으로 놓인다.The device 26 comprises a body 28. Body 28 is substantially flat, vector (

) Is perpendicular to In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the body 28 comprises five through holes (not referenced) positioned to receive five piles 22, 22a. The body 28 rests axially at the upper end of the portion 20 of the peripheral sleeve 16.

For each pile 22, 22a to be identified, the device 26 comprises a sub-assembly 27. In the illustrated embodiment, the sub-assembly 27 is the same. Therefore, only the sub-assembly 27 associated with the pile 22a will be described in detail in the following description. Unless otherwise indicated, it will be appreciated that the description below regarding the subassembly 27 associated with the pile 22a also applies to the subassembly associated with the pile 22. The number of piles to be identified may be less than the total number of piles to be installed.

)의 방향에 있는 말뚝(22a)의 축 방향에 대해 원통형이다. 칼라(30)는 평면(IV-IV)을 따른 단면도인 도 4에서도 볼 수 있다. 슬리브(16)뿐만 아니라, 칼라(30)도 0.6 m 내지 1.5 m 범위 내의 직경(d₂₂)을 갖는 말뚝(22a)을 수용하도록 구성된다. 보다 구체적으로, 칼라(30)는 반경 방향 원형 단면을 갖는 원통형 표면에 의해 반경 방향 내측으로 한정된다. 칼라(30)의 반경 방향 원형 단면은 직경(d_22a)보다 큰 직경(d₃₀)을 갖는다:The sub-assembly 27 includes a collar 30 radially surrounding the pile 22a. The collar 30 is a vector (

It is cylindrical with respect to the axial direction of the pile (22a) in the direction of ). The collar 30 can also be seen in FIG. 4 which is a cross-sectional view along the plane IV-IV. In addition to the sleeve 16, the collar 30 is also configured to receive a pile 22a having _{a diameter d 22 in the range of 0.6 m to 1.5 m.} More specifically, the collar 30 is defined radially inwardly by a cylindrical surface having a radially circular cross section. The radially circular cross section of the collar 30 has a diameter _{d 30} greater than the diameter _{d 22a} :

d ₂₂ <d ₃₀ <1.5 x _{d 22}

The collar 30 includes three radially movable clamping chucks 32. The chuck 32 is shown in detail in the radial cross-sectional view of FIG. 4. The chuck 32 is provided for centering and gripping the pile 22a against the collar 30. To do this, the chuck 32 is regularly spread over the inner circumference of the collar 30. The chuck 32 may move radially inward to hold the pile 22a. In this way, connection means are provided for mechanically connecting the body 28 to the pile 22a.

The sub-assembly 27 includes a pair of hydraulic actuators 34. The actuator 34 is shown in detail in FIG. 5. Each actuator 34 includes a cylinder 36 attached to a body 28 and a piston 38 attached to a collar 30. In the illustrated embodiment, each actuator 34 is capable of applying an axial downward load within the range of 3.75 Mega Newtons to 30 Mega Newtons. With this actuator, an axial load in the range of 7.5 mega Newtons to 60 mega Newtons can be applied to the pile 22a.

In the illustrated embodiment, the chuck 32 and the hydraulic actuator 34 are hydraulically connected with a hydraulic power generating unit (not shown) arranged on a ship near the offshore foundation structure. Hydraulic connections can be provided by hydraulic ducts (not shown). Nevertheless, it is possible to use other energies, for example electrical energy, to actuate the chuck 32 and/or actuator 34.

Sub-assembly 27 further includes displacement sensors 40 and 41 (there are two in the illustrated embodiment). Sensors 40, 41 are provided to measure whether the pile 22a is moving. The sensor 40 is attached to the body 28. The sensor 40 can directly measure the axial displacement of the pile 22a, and can compare the measured displacement with a predefined threshold value according to standard EAP/ASTM D1143. The sensor 41 is attached to the cylinder 36. The sensor 41 may also be mounted in a recess of the cylinder 36 (not shown). The sensor 41 can directly measure the displacement of the piston 38 and can compare the measured displacement with a predefined threshold. For example, the sensors 40 and 41 may include an end of a stroke sensor.

In the illustrated embodiment, two displacement sensors are provided in each sub-assembly 27. This makes it possible to perform redundant metering to increase the reliability of detection of the displacement of the pile 22a. Nevertheless, only one of two sensors 40 and 41 per sub-assembly 27 or more than two sensors 40 and 41 can be expected without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In the illustrated embodiment, the connecting means for connecting the piles 22, 22a to the body 28 are the same for all piles 22 and 22a. In particular, the connecting means for connecting the piles 22a to be tested is the same as the connecting means for connecting the piles 22 to be tested. This is particularly advantageous since it is not necessary to displace the device 26 each time another pile 22, 22a has to be tested.

Thus, the body 28 is connected to a reference element, ie at least two piles 22 different from the pile 22a to be tested in the illustrated embodiment. Nevertheless, it is also possible to use a single pile 22 different from the pile 22a to be tested, or other reference elements such as adapters 12 or structures 6. In addition, if the reference element comprises at least one pile 22 different from the pile 22a to be tested, the pile 22 is optionally swaged to attach to the adapter 12 or the structure 6, for example. It can be fixed by (swaging) or grouting (grouting).

In a variant embodiment, a connecting means for connecting the piles 22a, different from the connecting means for connecting the piles 22, may be expected. For example, the connection means for connecting the piles 22a may include a contact surface (not shown) in axial contact with the upper end of the piles 22a. In another variant embodiment, the connecting means for connecting the pile 22 comprises a contact surface 50 in axial contact with the upper end of the pile 22, and the subassembly 27 associated with the pipe 22a The actuator 34 of the is intended to apply an axial, upward load.

In a further embodiment, the body 28 is not connected to the pile 22 but is connected to the adapter 12 or part of the structure 6. For example, the device 26 comprises means for fastening the body 28 to the upper portion 20 of the sleeve 16.

)에 평행하다. 로드(43)는 디스크(42)에 대해 근위에 원통형 부분(44)을 포함하고, 디스크(42)에 대해 원위에 테이퍼진 부분(46)을 포함한다. 부분(44)은 직경(d₂₂)보다 약간 작은 직경(d₄₄)을 갖는 반경 방향 원형 단면을 갖는다:In FIG. 6, a connecting means for connecting is shown which can be used as a variant of the clamping chuck 32. The connecting means of FIG. 6 are intended to attach the device 26 to the inner surface of the piles 22, 22a. In this variant, the collar 30 is replaced with a disk 42 having the same outer diameter and the same axial thickness as the collar 30. The disk 42 can be mechanically connected to the body 28 via the same actuator 34 (not shown in FIG. 6). The rod 43 extends from the disk 42 in a direction perpendicular to the disk 42. In the illustrated embodiment, this direction is a vector (

) Is parallel to The rod 43 includes a cylindrical portion 44 proximal to the disk 42 and a portion 46 tapered distal to the disk 42. Portion 44 has a radially circular cross section with a _{diameter d 44} slightly less than the _{diameter d 22:}

d ₂₂ x 0.8 <d ₄₄ <d ₂₂

Portion 46 is defined radially, outwardly, by a tapered surface forming a conical frustum about the axis of portion 44. The portion 46 extends between an upper end having a larger diameter d _46u substantially equal to the diameter d ₄₄ and a lower end having a smaller diameter d _46d.

As can be seen in FIG. 6, portion 44 includes eight radially movable pads 48. The pad 48 is operated by hydraulic force supplied by the hydraulic power generating unit.

With this arrangement, the rod 43 can be accommodated in the piles 22, 22a. Then, the pad 48 is moved radially and outwardly to apply pressure to the inner cylindrical surfaces of the piles 22 and 22a. This clamps the rod 43 to the piles 22, 22a.

These connecting means can also be used to secure the body 28 to the sleeve 14. In this case, it is no longer necessary to provide a connecting means for connecting the piles 22, and the compactness of the device 26 can be significantly improved.

By means of the device 26, the following verification method can be implemented. The verification method is implemented after inserting the foundation piles 22 and 22a of the offshore foundation building 2 into the seabed 3. Driving the foundation piles 22 and 22a can be carried out by any suitable method known in the art, preferably by a method other than the percussion drive technique.

As a first step, one of the piles 22, 22a is selected as the pile to be tested. For illustrative purposes, the pile 22a will be selected as the pile to be tested.

Second, the device 26 is placed on the adapter 12 in the position shown in FIG. 3.

Third, the pile 22 and the body 28 are connected together. To do this, the chuck 32 of the sub-assembly 27 associated with the pile 22 is moved radially inward to mechanically connect the pile 22 to the body 28.

After that, the piles 22a and the body 28 are connected together. To do this, the chuck 32 of the sub-assembly 27 associated with the pile 22a is moved radially inward to mechanically connect the pile 22a to the body 28.

Thereafter, an axial downward load corresponding to the required supporting force of the pile 22a is applied by the actuator 34 of the subassembly 27 associated with the pile 22a. The load is measured and recorded. On the other hand, the sensors 40 and 41 monitor the displacement of the pile 22a with respect to the body 28 and the displacement of the piston 38 with respect to the cylinder 36, respectively. If one of these displacements is greater than the corresponding predefined threshold, then the pile 22a is considered improperly installed.

In the illustrated embodiment, when at least one of the displacements measured by the sensors 40 and 41 exceeds a corresponding predefined threshold, the displacement of the pile is considered to be detected. Nevertheless, the displacement of the pile can be expected to be detected only when the two displacements measured by the sensors 40 and 41 exceed the corresponding predefined threshold.

Thereafter, the first step is repeated by selecting another pile 22 to be tested. The following steps are repeated. When all the piles 22, 22a of the adapter 12 are tested, the device 26 is displaced to the other adapter 12, and the verification method is repeated for the piles of the other adapter 12. The verification method is completed when the number of piles in the offshore foundation building defined in standard EAP/ASTM D1143 is verified.

The apparatus 26 and method described in detail above make it possible to check whether the foundation piles 22 and 22a are properly installed without applying a large load in a short time. In this way, the occurrence of significant noise or vibration is prevented.

Claims (22)

Body 28, a first connecting means for connecting the body 28 to a reference element, a second connecting means for connecting the body 28 to a first pile 22a, the first pile 22a A device (26) for confirming the installation of the first pile (22a) of the offshore foundation building (2), comprising means (34) for applying a load to the first pile (22a) in a direction parallel to the axis of In,
Measurement means for measuring the displacement of the first pile (22a)
Device, characterized in that it further comprises. The method of claim 1,
The device (26) is one suitable for checking the bearing capacity of the first pile (22a). The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the first connecting means comprises a contact surface intended to lie against a front surface of the reference element. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the second connecting means comprises a contact surface intended to lie against the front surface of the first pile. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The device, wherein the first connecting means is intended to fasten the body to an adapter or structure of the offshore foundation building. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The device, wherein the first connecting means is configured to connect the body (28) to a second pile (22) of the marine foundation building. The method of claim 6,
Wherein the first connecting means and the second connecting means are substantially the same. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The device, wherein the first connecting means comprises first fastening means for fixing the second pile (22) of the marine foundation structure to the body (28). The method of claim 8,
The device, wherein the first fastening means is further configured to fix at least a third pile (22) of the marine foundation structure to the body (28). The method of claim 8 or 9,
The device, wherein the first fastening means is configured to grip the second pile (22). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The device, wherein the second connecting means comprises a second fixing means for fixing the first pile to the body (28). The method of claim 11,
Wherein the second fastening means is configured to grip the first pile. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12,
The device, wherein at least one of the first fixing means and the second fixing means comprises at least two clamping chuck (32) movable in a radial direction. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
The device, wherein the means (34) for applying the load are configured to apply the load in a manner that tends to push the first pile (22a) into the seabed (3). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
The device, wherein the means (34) for applying the load comprises a cylinder (36) and a piston (38). The method of claim 15,
The device, wherein the measuring means (41) are capable of directly measuring the displacement of the piston (38) relative to the cylinder (36). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
The device, wherein the measuring means (40) is capable of measuring the displacement of the first pile (22a) relative to the body (28). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
The device, wherein at least one of the first connection means, the second connection means and the means for applying the load (34) is actuated by hydraulic energy and/or electrical energy. As an adapter (12) for offshore foundation buildings (2),
Cylindrical sleeve 16 for accommodating the piles 22a and 22 of the marine foundation building 2, and
Device (26) according to any one of the preceding claims
Containing, adapter. The method of claim 19,
The adapter, wherein the cylindrical sleeve (16) is designed to receive piles (22a, 22) having a radially circular cross section with a _{diameter (d 22) in the range of 0.6 m to 1.5 m.} The method of claim 19 or 20,
At least two cylindrical sleeves (16) intended to receive piles (22a, 22) of the offshore foundation building (2) respectively
Containing, adapter. As a method of checking the bearing capacity of the offshore foundation building 2, preferably the first pile 22a of the offshore foundation building intended to support an offshore wind turbine,
Arranging the device (26) according to any one of claims 1 to 18 on the marine foundation (2) so that the body (28) is connected to the reference element,
Connecting the body 28 to the first pile 22a,
Applying a load to the first pile (22a) in a direction parallel to the axis of the first pile (22a),
Measuring the load, and
Measuring the displacement of the first pile (22a)
Containing, method.

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