KR20200131772A - Artificial leather, automobile seat cover manufactured therefrom and method for preparing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an artificial leather, a vehicle seat cover manufactured therefrom, and a manufacturing method thereof and, specifically, to an artificial leather, a vehicle seat cover manufactured therefrom, and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the artificial leather includes a back layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer, or a binder layer, and absorption power measured by WVTR (20% humidity, 38°C and 30 minutes) is 1 to 3. According to the present invention, provided are the artificial leather having excellent emotional quality and excellent naturalness, the vehicle seat cover manufactured therefrom, and the manufacturing method thereof.

Description

Artificial leather, automobile seat cover manufactured therefrom, and manufacturing method thereof {ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, AUTOMOBILE SEAT COVER MANUFACTURED THEREFROM AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to artificial leather, an automobile seat cover manufactured therefrom, and a manufacturing method thereof, and specifically, to an artificial leather having excellent emotional quality and excellent naturalness, an automobile seat cover manufactured therefrom, and a manufacturing method thereof. About.

In general, the interior of a vehicle is recognized as a second residential space, and recently, functional seats are in the spotlight for comfortable and comfortable driving in such an interior space of a vehicle.

Artificial leather, such as natural leather, polyvinyl chloride, and polyurethane, is widely used as a material for such automobile seats. Although artificial leather has the advantage of being inexpensive compared to natural leather, it is a natural sensibility and functional to maintain a comfortable state while driving. There is a problem that the physical properties are significantly lower than that of natural leather.

KR 10-1582573 B (announcement date: 2016.01.05)

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an artificial leather having excellent emotional quality and excellent naturalness, a car seat cover including the same, and a manufacturing method thereof.

The above and other objects of the present invention can be achieved by the present invention described below, 1) suggesting a way to differentiate the emotional quality of leather for automobile seats using user experience analysis, 2) automobile seats through an emotional engineering approach It was derived through grasping the tactile sensibility structure of dragon leather, and 3) optimizing the sensibility quality of leather for automobile seats and predicting the sensibility quality of the next product. Specifically, the above 1) user experience-based differentiation and 2) sensibility Through the evaluation, 3) was derived by establishing an optimal design support and analysis system for improving the emotional quality of leather for automobile seats. Here, the factors of 1) user experience-based differentiation are user survey and experience analysis, design support plan that considers user needs, and evaluation plan using the derived use scenario, and visual quality, tactile quality, functionality, etc. 2) The elements of the above-mentioned sensibility evaluation are the derivation of detailed sensibility and related design elements that form a sense of luxury, grasping the tactile sensibility structure of leather for automobile seats through evaluation of existing competitors and natural products, and sensibility quality. It was the establishment of the emotional quality evaluation system through modeling and the concreteization of the emotional quality optimization plan.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer, and WVTR (humidity 20%, 38° C. and 30 minutes) Characterized in that the absorption power measured as 1 to 3 Provide artificial leather.

In addition, the present invention is an artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer, or a binder layer, and the embossing angle measured using sharpness leica DCM 3D is 65 to 135°. Artificial leather characterized in that it can be provided.

In addition, the present invention is an artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer, and satisfies the N value defined by Equations 1 and 2 below. Can provide artificial leather.

Leatherette.

[Equation 1]

3.5 ≤ N

[Equation 2]

N = 3.277 + 1.911*ln(T) + 1.021*ln(S)-0.371*√A-0.458*ln(D) + 2.230*√F

(Where * is the multiplication, ln is the natural log, √ is the square root, T is the thickness of the artificial leather, S is the ductility of the artificial leather, A is the emboss angle of the artificial leather, D is the emboss depth of the artificial leather, and F is the absorption power of artificial leather.)

In addition, the present invention is an artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer, and a softness of 4.15 to 5.10 mm. Can provide.

In addition, the present invention provides an artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer, and has an emboss depth of 65 to 135 µm. I can.

In addition, the present invention provides a car seat cover comprising the artificial leather.

In addition, the present invention is a method of manufacturing an artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer, the step of forming an intermediate layer by forming the intermediate layer on the back layer or the surface layer, and the prepared intermediate layer and the remaining back layer Or combining a surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer, or a binder layer, and the artificial leather has an absorption capacity of 1 to 3 measured by WVTR (humidity 20%, 38° C. and 30 minutes). It provides a method of manufacturing artificial leather, characterized in that.

According to the present invention, there is an effect of providing an artificial leather having excellent functional properties and emotional quality for maintaining a comfortable state, and particularly excellent in naturalness, a car seat cover including the same, and a manufacturing method thereof.

1 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a laminated structure of an embodiment of an artificial leather including a foam layer according to the present invention.
2 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a method for manufacturing artificial leather according to the present invention.
3 is a photograph of the surface (emboss) of the artificial leather of the present invention.
4 to 5 are photographs showing the result values of sharpness leica DCM 3D and 3D printer, respectively, in which the emboss angle and the emboss depth are measured.
6 is a diagram schematically showing a method of measuring a difference in gloss on the surface appearance of artificial leather.

Hereinafter, the artificial leather of the present invention, an automobile seat cover manufactured therefrom, and a manufacturing method thereof will be described in detail.

As a result of continuous research to develop artificial leather having excellent emotional quality and particularly excellent naturalness, the present inventors have found certain parameters that have an important influence on the emotional quality of artificial leather, and this includes the back layer, the intermediate layer and the surface layer. In the case of applying to artificial leather for automobile seat covers, it is confirmed that it has excellent emotional quality such as naturalness and excellent mechanical properties such as anti-wrinkle in accordance with the optimal design of the emotional model according to the user experience analysis and emotional evaluation developed by itself. Based on this, the present invention was completed by further focusing on research.

The artificial leather of the present invention is an artificial leather including a back layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer, and the absorption power measured by WVTR (humidity 20%, 38° C. and 30 minutes) It is characterized in that it is 1 to 3.

The absorption power may be preferably 1.55 to 2.03, more preferably 1.6 to 2, more preferably 1.6 to 2, and within this range, naturalness such as natural leather has an excellent effect.

The artificial leather preferably has an embossing angle measured by sharpness leica DCM 3D of 65 to 135°, more preferably 70 to 130°, most preferably 80 to 120°, and within this range Tactilely, the naturalness like natural leather has an excellent effect.

The'sharpness leica DCM 3D' may be referred to as'CLSM Leica DCM 3D'.

The artificial leather may preferably satisfy the N value defined by Equations 1 and 2 below, and in this case, tactilely, there is an excellent effect of naturalness such as natural leather.

[Equation 1]

3.5 ≤ N

[Equation 2]

N = 3.277 + 1.911*ln(T) + 1.021*ln(S)-0.371*√A-0.458*ln(D) + 2.230*√F

(Where * is the multiplication, ln is the natural log, √ is the square root, T is the thickness of the artificial leather, S is the ductility of the artificial leather, A is the emboss angle of the artificial leather, D is the emboss depth of the artificial leather, and F is the absorption power of artificial leather.)

The N preferably satisfies 3.5 ≤ N, more preferably 4 ≤ N, a specific example satisfies 3.5 ≤ N ≤ 6, a preferred example 4.5 ≤ N ≤ 6, and a more preferred example 4.5 ≤ N ≤ 5.5 , Within this range, the naturalness like natural leather has an excellent effect.

The artificial leather may preferably have a softness of 4.15 to 5.10 mm, more preferably 4.2 to 5 mm, and most preferably 4.3 to 5 mm, and within this range tactile natural leather There is an excellent effect of naturalness such as.

The artificial leather may preferably have an emboss depth of 65 to 135 µm, more preferably 70 to 130 µm, most preferably 80 to 120 µm, and within this range, tactilely such as natural leather. There is an excellent effect of naturalness.

Hereinafter, each component constituting the artificial leather of the present invention will be divided and described in detail as follows.

Back layer

The back layer is not particularly limited when it is made of a fabric commonly used for the back layer in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, but a specific example may be a circular knitted fabric impregnated with a thermoplastic resin, a nonwoven fabric, or a knit (knitted). . In the case of using a circular knitted fabric impregnated with the back layer as described above, there is an effect of providing an artificial leather having a firmness suitable for a covering process, and a bursting strength that is easy to deploy an airbag while being inexpensive.

The thermoplastic resin is contained preferably in the back layer to within 130 to 600 g / m ^2, more preferably 200 to 700g / m ^2, more preferably 250 to 600g / m ^2, most preferably from 300 to 500g / m ² , and within this range, the artificial leather for automotive interior materials has excellent workability during the covering process, while preventing wrinkles after the covering process, enabling easy deployment of airbags, and achieving excellent durability.

The back layer preferably has a thickness of 0.4 to 1.08 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.55 to 0.9 mm, most preferably 0.6 to 0.7 mm, and within this range It is possible to maintain moldability while preventing a cost increase while preventing a decrease in mechanical properties such as strength.

Specifically, when the thickness of the back layer is less than 0.4 mm, the durability of the artificial leather decreases, and when the thickness of the back layer exceeds 1.08 mm, the cost increases and it may be difficult to maintain formability.

In the present description, the thickness of the back layer can be measured by cutting the artificial leather vertically and then measuring the thickness of the back layer in the cut section using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). After cutting vertically, a vertical line is drawn at five equally spaced points on the top of the back layer, and the distances to the bottom of the back layer meeting the vertical line are measured, respectively, and then the average value can be obtained.

The fabric may be, for example, a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, and a circular knit fabric.

The nonwoven fabric refers to a fabric in which the fiber aggregate is bonded to each other by chemical or mechanical action or suitable moisture and heat treatment.

The woven fabric refers to a fabric in which two yarns are entangled in the horizontal and vertical directions, and refers to a fabric in which a yarn in a vertical direction, that is, a warp yarn, and a yarn in a horizontal direction, that is, a weft yarn, are intertwined.

The knitted fabric refers to a fabric woven by successively woven with one or two or more yarns, and can be divided into circular knitted fabrics and warp knitted fabrics, and the circular knitted fabric is a fabric woven by yarns being woven in a weft direction, A warp knitted fabric is a fabric woven by yarns being threaded in a warp direction.

As a specific embodiment of the fabric for forming the back layer 10 in the present invention, it is preferable to use a circular knitted fabric having an excellent elongation compared to the warp knitted fabric among knitted fabrics having excellent elongation.

The knitted fabric may be formed by using a yarn having a thickness of 120 to 170 denier, preferably 130 to 160 denier, for example, and has excellent strength within this range.

The fabric may be made of, for example, one or more selected from natural fibers, regenerated fibers and synthetic fibers, preferably polyester fibers having excellent elongation.

The natural fiber may be, for example, cotton fiber, hemp fiber, wool fiber, silk fiber or wool fiber, and the regenerated fiber may be rayon fiber or cupra fiber, and the synthetic fiber is polyester fiber, nylon fiber, polyolefin It may be fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyamide fiber, polyurethane fiber or polyvinylidene chloride fiber.

The impregnation has a shape retention that can withstand repeated stretching and contraction, and is intended to impart an appropriate degree of strength to the covering process.Specifically, after impregnating the fabric in an impregnating solution containing a thermoplastic resin, it is solidified in an aqueous solution of dimethylformamide and It may be to perform a washing process in water.

The impregnation solution may be an acrylic solution, a polyurethane solution, or a polyvinyl chloride plastisol, and preferably a polyvinyl chloride plastisol.

The polyvinyl chloride plastisol may be formed by stirring at room temperature, for example, 70 to 130 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of a curing agent based on 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl chloride resin.

As a specific example, the polyvinyl chloride resin may be a mixed resin comprising 60 to 90% by weight of a vinyl chloride homopolymer and 10 to 40% by weight of a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.

The vinyl chloride homopolymer is, for example, a paste polyvinyl chloride resin prepared by emulsion polymerization, and may be contained in 60 to 90% by weight, preferably 65 to 85% by weight in the mixed resin, and within this range There is an advantage in that the peeling strength of the layer and the foam layer is excellent, and there is no plastic odor.

The copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate is a resin that imparts excellent adhesion to the back layer of a woven or nonwoven fabric. The content of vinyl acetate in the copolymer is, for example, 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight. It may be included, and the adhesive strength is excellent within this range, so that the peel strength of the back layer and the foam layer is excellent, and hydrolysis resistance is excellent.

In addition, the copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate may be included in, for example, 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 15 to 35% by weight in the mixed resin, within this range, the peel strength of the back layer and the foam layer, etc. Is excellent, and has excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties.

The plasticizer contained in the impregnation solution may be, for example, one or more selected from a phthalate plasticizer, a terephthalate plasticizer, a benzoate plasticizer, a citrate plasticizer, a phosphate plasticizer and an adipate plasticizer, and preferably eco-friendly. And terephthalate plasticizers with excellent heat resistance can be used. As the terephthalate-based plasticizer, for example, dioctyl terephthalate may be used, but is not limited thereto.

The plasticizer may be included in an example of 70 to 130 parts by weight, preferably 80 to 120 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed resin, and within this range, the viscosity of the impregnating solution is good, so that the processability is excellent, and the plasticizer's transfer resistance This is excellent and there is an effect of excellent adhesion.

The curing agent contained in the impregnation solution may be preferably a low-temperature curing type curing agent to increase energy efficiency and productivity, and for example, a block isocyanate curing agent in which some or all of the isocyanate groups are blocked with a blocking agent may be used.

The blocking agent is, for example, phenol, ε-caprolactam, methyl ethyl ketone oxime, 1,2-pyrazole, and diethyl malonate. (diethyl malonate), diisopropylamine, triazole, imidazole, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole may be at least one selected from the group consisting of (3,5-dimethylpyrazole) .

Specifically, the block isocyanate curing agent blocks the isocyanate group so that the isocyanate group (-NCO) does not react with the hydroxyl group (-OH) or the amino group (-NH) at room temperature, and when it reaches a certain temperature range, the blocking agent dissociates (- The reactivity of NCO) increases and the curing reaction proceeds.

The dissociation temperature of the curing agent may be, for example, 100° C. or higher, and preferably 110 to 130° C.

The curing agent may be included in an example of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed resin, and the crosslinking degree is excellent within this range, so that the peel strength of the back layer and the foam layer is excellent. , Unreacted curing agent does not remain as an impurity, so it has excellent usability.

The impregnating solution may optionally further contain one or more other additives selected from the group consisting of a stabilizer, a filler, a pigment, a viscosity reducing agent, and a dispersing agent, and the content thereof does not affect the physical properties of the impregnating solution. There are no ramen restrictions.

The viscosity of the impregnating solution may be 80 to 140 seconds, preferably 100 to 120 seconds at 25°C in terms of ?猪?(Zahn cup, #3 cup) viscosity, and within this range, the impregnation solution does not flow down. The coating efficiency is excellent, and the impregnation solution is well dispersed, so that it is well impregnated into the back layer of a woven or nonwoven fabric, so that stable processability can be secured.

The thickness of the coating layer formed on the back layer 11 may be, for example, 1 to 10 μm, preferably 2 to 5 μm, and within this range, the peel strength of the back layer and the foam layer is excellent, and The microhardness of the leather is low, so it has an excellent touch. Here, the thickness of the coating layer means the thickness including the impregnation solution impregnated into the back layer.

When a coating layer is formed on one side of the back layer, the peel strength of the back layer and the foam layer may be 2.5 to 6 kgf/30 mm, preferably 2.5 to 5.5 kgf/30 mm, and within this range, the back layer and The peeling strength of the foam layer and the like is excellent, and the microhardness is low, and the touch feeling is excellent.

In addition, the back layer may have a thickness of 0.4 to 0.7 mm, for example, and has an advantage in that the material cost is reduced while having excellent mechanical strength within this range.

In another specific embodiment, the impregnation solution may be a polyurethane solution containing 200 to 400 parts by weight of a solvent, and preferably 220 to 290 parts by weight, in 100 parts by weight of a polyurethane resin.

The solvent may be preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide, methylethylketone, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide, and ethyl acetate.

The polyurethane solution may optionally further contain other additives such as a flame retardant, a dispersant, or a pigment, and specific types and contents thereof are not limited.

The dimethylformamide aqueous solution may be, for example, 2 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 8% by weight of dimethylformamide; And 90 to 98% by weight of water, and preferably 92 to 97% by weight.

When the circular knitted fabric impregnated with the polyurethane solution is used, the back layer can withstand repeated expansion and contraction of the artificial leather to prevent quality deterioration, while maintaining a soft touch and feeling of filling, and a stiffness and bursting strength suitable for the covering process. .

In addition, the back layer may optionally use a circular knitted fabric with brushed on one or both sides, and in this case, there is an effect of excellent adhesion and sensitivity.

More specifically, for example, the back layer may be impregnated with a circular knitted fabric having brushed on at least one selected from among a surface that is in contact with a pore layer or a binder layer to be described later, and a rear surface in contact with an automobile seat.

Middle floor

The intermediate layer may include, for example, a foam layer, a pore layer, or a binder layer.

The intermediate layer preferably includes fine pores having a cell size of 50 to 240 µm, or includes hollow fine particles having a particle size of 30 to 120 µm, and is soft within this range. ) Has one effect.

The thickness ratio of the back layer and the intermediate layer may preferably be 0.5 to 1.5:1, and there is a soft effect within this range.

In addition, an adhesive layer may be further included between the intermediate layer and the surface layer, and in this case, there is an effect of excellent abrasion property or lifting durability required for the sheet.

Hereinafter, a foam layer, a pore layer, or a binder layer included in the intermediate layer will be divided and described in detail.

(1) foam layer

The foam layer of the present invention is to impart soft properties and cushioning feeling to artificial leather, and for example, may include 60 to 120 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 5 to 15 parts by weight of a foaming agent based on 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl chloride resin.

Specifically, the polyvinyl chloride resin may be a straight polyvinyl chloride resin formed by suspension polymerization capable of securing an excellent cushioning feeling, high elongation, and excellent durability at the same time.

The degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl chloride resin may be, for example, 900 to 1200, and preferably 950 to 1150. Within this range, durability is excellent, and the hardness of the foam layer is not high, so that the cushioning feeling is improved.

In addition, the foam layer of the present invention is, for example, 5 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate in order to further impart adhesion to the back layer. To 15 parts by weight may be further included, and there is an excellent effect of peeling strength with the back layer within the above range.

The content of vinyl acetate in the copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate may be, for example, 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight.

Alternatively, the foam layer of the present invention is optionally a polyvinyl chloride resin, a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) resin, a polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) resin, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) resin, a chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) resin , Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resin, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) resin, polyvinyl butyrate (PVB) resin, polyethylene (PE) resin and polypropylene (PP) resin mixed resin containing more than one selected from the group consisting of Can be

The plasticizer may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of a phthalate plasticizer, a terephthalate plasticizer, and an epoxy plasticizer.

The phthalate plasticizer is a plasticizer having very good compatibility with the polyvinyl chloride resin.For example, 1 selected from the group consisting of dibutylphthalate, diethylhexylphthalate, diisononylphthalate, diisodecylphthalate and butylbenzylphthalate. Although it may be a species, preferably, diisodecylphthalate, which is a low volatility plasticizer, may be used.

The terephthalate-based plasticizer may be an eco-friendly plasticizer, for example, dioctyl terephthalate, but is not limited thereto.

The epoxy plasticizer is an epoxidized double bond of an unsaturated fatty acid glycerol ester with hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid. For example, epoxidized soybean oil or epoxidized linseed oil may be used, but is not limited thereto.

The plasticizer may be, for example, 60 to 120 parts by weight, preferably 70 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin. Within this range, the plasticizer has excellent processability and ductility while also having low microhardness, and Since no bleeding occurs, excellent ductility can be implemented.

The foaming agent is not particularly limited as long as it can form fine bubbles that impart the necessary elasticity and thickness to the foaming layer, for example, azodicarbonamide (ADCA), p,p'-oxybisbenzenesulfonyl hydra. It may be a chemical blowing agent such as zide (p,p'-Oxybis (benzenesulfonyl hydrazide)), p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide, or sodium bicarbonate.

The foaming agent may be used in an example 5 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, and within this range, the ductility and cushioning feeling of artificial leather is excellent, and the foam layer The foam cells of the are suitably produced, so there is an advantage of excellent surface properties and durability.

The foam layer may further include at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat stabilizer, a flame retardant, and a filler for controlling melt strength and physical properties, for example.

에서 발포된 후, 일례로 100 내지 500%, 바람직하게는 150 내지 300%의 발포율을 가질 수 있고, 이 범위 내에서 볼륨감, 쿠션감 및 부드러운 표면 감촉을 확보할 수 있으며, 미소경도가 낮아 쿠션감이 뛰어나고, 적당한 양으로 발포되어 인조가죽의 내구성 및 강도 등의 물성이 뛰어난 효과가 있다.The foam layer is 220 to 230

After being foamed in, for example, it may have a foaming rate of 100 to 500%, preferably 150 to 300%, and within this range, a volume feeling, a cushioning feeling, and a soft surface texture can be ensured, and the microhardness is low. It has excellent cushioning and foaming in an appropriate amount, so it has excellent properties such as durability and strength of artificial leather.

The foam cell formed in the foam layer may be, for example, a spherical foam cell. The spherical foam cell is an expression that contrasts with the shape of a foam cell that is crushed by external pressure or has a sharp shape, and does not necessarily mean a geometrically perfect spherical shape, and is usually referred to as a spherical shape for each foam cell. It should be understood as a concept that encompasses all levels that can be included. Therefore, in the present specification, it should be understood that the shape of the spherical foam cell is not deformed by a physical external force, and maintains the spherical shape during formation.

In addition, the foamed cells may be included as an example of 10 to 30 per unit area of 1 mm ² on the side or flat section of the foam layer, preferably 15 to 20, and within this range, ductility and cushioning are good, It has excellent properties such as durability and surface texture.

The number of foam cells is determined by cutting the artificial leather in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction, and then measuring the number of foam cells formed in a unit area of 1 mm ^{2 on} the side or flat section of the foam layer using an optical microscope.

In addition, the average diameter of the foam cell may be, for example, 120 to 250㎛, preferably 135 to 200㎛. The average diameter refers to the average value of the diameters that one foaming cell can have. More specifically, if the foaming cell is geometrically spherical, it means the average of the diameters, and if the foaming cell is of a shape other than the geometrical spherical shape, the long axis and the short axis When classified as, it means the average length of the long axis.

The average diameter of the foam cells satisfies the above range, and by maintaining a spherical shape, the artificial leather can secure high ductility and workability, and can exhibit an excellent cushioning feeling.

The average diameter of the foam cells is measured using a scale bar of an optical microscope after cutting the artificial leather in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction, and then measuring the average diameter of the foam cells formed in a unit area of 1 mm ^{2 on} the side or flat surface of the foam layer. I did.

The foam layer may have a specific gravity of 0.7 to 0.9 as an example, and preferably 0.7 to 0.8, and has excellent durability, ductility and cushioning feeling within this range.

In a preferred embodiment, the foam layer has a structure in which the spherical foam cells are not deformed by external pressure, and the foam cells are included in a specific gravity of 10 to 30 per unit area of 1 mm2 of the side or flat section of the foam layer. Since it can have all of the characteristics of 0.7 to 0.9, the artificial leather can realize a remarkably improved cushioning feeling and a soft surface texture.

In addition, the foam layer has a thickness of, for example, 0.4 to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.4 to 0.7 mm, and has excellent cushioning feeling within this range, and low material cost is consumed, thereby having excellent economic effects.

(2) pore layer

The pore layer has uniform pores in the layer to prevent the transfer of irregularities to automobile interior materials, especially automobile seat covers, as well as sensibility such as soft touch and volume to artificial leather, strength suitable for covering process, and airbag It serves to impart rupture strength for development, etc., and as a specific example to be formed including a pore layer composition comprising 20 to 50 parts by weight of a solvent and 2.5 to 5 parts by weight of a pore control agent based on 100 parts by weight of a polyurethane resin. I can.

More specifically, the pore layer may be formed by coating the pore layer composition on the top of the back layer and then coagulating in an aqueous dimethylformamide solution and washing with water.

The dimethylformamide aqueous solution is, for example, 2 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 8% by weight of dimethylformamide; And 90 to 98% by weight of water, and preferably 92 to 97% by weight.

Polyurethane resin (A)

The polyurethane resin, for example, can be prepared by reacting a polyol with a diisocyanate and a chain extender.

In the present description, a polyol refers to a compound having two or more hydroxy groups, and may be one or more selected from the group consisting of polyether polyol, polyester polyol, and polycarbonate polyol, for example.

The polyether polyol may be, for example, a polyol having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, and a specific example is derived by reacting an alkyl diol or glycol with an alkylene oxide having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably ethylene oxide or propylene oxide. It may have been.

The polyester polyol may be formed by, for example, esterifying one or more glycols with one or more dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof.

The glycol may be, for example, one or more selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin, and the dicarboxylic acid may be one or more selected from adipic acid, phthalic acid, and maleic acid.

In addition, the polyester polyol may be formed by ring-opening polymerization using a lactone or a derivative thereof with a small amount of diol, triol, or amine as an initiator. As a specific example, it may be polycaprolactone (PCL) synthesized by ring-opening polymerization using diethylene glycol as an initiator in ε-caprolactone (CL).

The polycarbonate polyol may be derived from the reaction of glycol and carbonate as an example, and includes 100 parts by weight of polyester polyol, 100 to 150 parts by weight of polyether polyol, and 110 to 200 parts by weight of polycarbonate polyol. It may be a mixture, and while implementing excellent mechanical properties within the above range, hydrolysis resistance and chemical resistance are excellent.

The diisocyanate is not particularly limited if it is generally used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and specific examples 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), xylene diisocyanate (XDI), 1,5- Aromatic diisocyanates having a benzene ring such as naphthalene diisocyanate; Aliphatic diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and propylene diisocyanate; And alicyclic diisocyanates such as 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI); and at least one selected from the group consisting of , Preferably, one selected from the group consisting of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dicyclohexyl methane diisocyanate (H12MDI) It can be more than that.

The chain extender is not particularly limited if it is generally used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, but a preferred example may be a low molecular weight diol compound or a diamine compound having an even number of repeating units which are advantageous for increasing crystallinity.

The chain extender is preferably ethylene glycol (EG), diethylene glycol (DEG), propylene glycol (PG), 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD), 1,6-hexanediol (1,6 -HD), methylpentanediol and isophoronediamine (IPDA) may be one or more selected from the group consisting of.

In addition, the chain extender may be used in 1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyol.

Solvent (B)

The solvent may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and ethyl acetate.

In addition, the solvent may be, for example, 20 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 45 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane resin (A), within this range, pores suitable for uniform pore formation and excellent coating properties There is an effect of having the viscosity of the layer composition.

Pore control agent (C)

The pore control agent is for forming uniform pores in the pore layer, and may be at least one selected from the group consisting of an anion-based pore control agent and a non-ion-based pore control agent, and preferably Accordingly, a nonionic pore control agent having excellent stability may be used, and more preferably, a polysiloxane modified with polyether may be used. At this time, since the pore control agent is composed of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail, various structures of micelles or liquid crystal structures can be achieved through self-assembly in an aqueous solution.

Specific examples of the anionic pore control agent include fatty acids (salts) such as oleic acid, palmitic acid, sodium oleate, potassium palmitate, and triethanolamine oleate; Carboxylic acids (salts) containing hydroxyl groups such as hydroxyacetic acid, potassium hydroxyacetate, lactic acid and potassium lactate salts; Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether acetic acid (salt) such as polyoxyethylene tridecyl ether acetic acid (sodium salt); Salts of carboxyl group polysubstituted aromatic compounds such as potassium trimellitate and potassium pyromellitate; Alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (salt) such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (sodium salt); Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfonic acid (salt) such as polyoxyethylene 2-ethylhexyl ether sulfonic acid (potassium salt); Amidesulfonic acids (salts) of higher fatty acids such as stearoylmethyltaurine (sodium), lauroylmethyltaurine (sodium), myristoylmethyltaurine N (sodium), and palmitoylmethyltaurine (sodium); N-acylsarcosinic acid (salt) such as lauroylsarcosinic acid (sodium); Alkylphosphonic acids (salts) such as octylphosphonate (potassium salt); Aromatic phosphonic acids (salts) such as phenylphosphonate (potassium salt); Alkyl phosphonic acid alkyl phosphoric acid ester (salt), such as 2-ethylhexylphosphonate mono 2-ethylhexyl ester (potassium salt); Nitrogen-containing alkylphospho acids (salts) such as aminoethylphosphonic acid (dietanolamine salt); Alkyl sulfuric acid esters (salts) such as 2-ethylhexyl sulfate (sodium salt); Polyoxyalkylene sulfate (salt) such as polyoxyethylene 2-ethylhexyl ether sulfate (sodium salt); Alkyl phosphate esters (salts) such as lauryl phosphate (potassium salt), cetyl phosphate (potassium salt), and stearyl phosphate (dietanolamine salt); Polyoxyalkylene alkyl (alkenyl) ether phosphate (salt) such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether phosphate (potassium salt) and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether phosphate (triethanolamine salt); Polyoxyalkylene alkylphenyl ether phosphate (salt) such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether phosphate (potassium salt) and polyoxyethylene dodecylphenyl ether phosphate (potassium salt); Long-chain N-acylglutamic acid such as sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate, sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, etc., sodium monosodium N-lauroyl glutamate, and disodium N-stearoyl-L-glutamate Salt; may be one or more selected from the group consisting of.

Specific examples of the nonionic pore control agent include polyoxyalkylene linear alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene hexyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl ether, polyoxyethylene decyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, and polyoxyethylene cetyl ether; Polyoxyalkylene branched primary alkyl ethers such as polyoxyetherene 2-ethylhexyl ether, polyoxyethylene isocetyl ether, and polyoxyethylene isostearyl ether; Polyoxyalkyl, such as polyoxyethylene 1-hexylhexyl ether, polyoxyethylene 1-octylhexyl ether, polyoxyethylene 1-hexyloctyl ether, polyoxyethylene 1-pentylheptyl ether, and polyoxyethylene 1-heptylpentyl ether Ren branched secondary alkyl ether; Polyoxyalkylene alkenyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; Polyoxyalkylene alkylphenyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, and polyoxyethylene dodecylphenyl ether; Polyoxy, such as polyoxyethylene tristyrylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene distyrylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styrylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene tribenzylphenyl, polyoxyethylenedibenzylphenyl ether, and polyoxyethylene benzylphenyl ether Alkylenealkylarylphenyl ether; Polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monomyristolate, polyoxyethylene dilaurate, polyoxyethylene diolate, polyoxyethylene dimyristolate, Polyoxyalkylene fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene distearate; Sorbitan esters such as sorbitan monopalmitate and sorbitan monooleate; Polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate; Glycerin fatty acid esters such as glycerin monostearate, glycerin monolaurate, and glycerin monopalmitate; Polyoxyalkylenesorbitol fatty acid ester; Sucrose fatty acid ester; Polyoxyalkylene castor oil ethers such as polyoxyethylene castor oil ether; Polyoxyalkylene hydrogenated castor oil ethers such as polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil ether; Polyoxyalkylene alkylamino ethers such as polyoxyethylene lauryl amino ether and polyoxyethylene stearyl amino ether; Oxyethylene-oxypropylene block or random copolymer; Terminal alkyl ether products of oxyethylene-oxypropylene blocks or random copolymers; Terminal sucrose ether products of oxyethylene-oxypropylene blocks or random copolymers; It may be one or more selected from the group consisting of.

The pore control agent may be used in an amount of 2.5 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 4.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane resin (A) as an example, and within this range, pores are uniformly and sufficiently formed in the pore layer. , Since the contact rate of the pores to the top of the back layer is high, the ductility and volume of artificial leather are high, and the stiffness is not too high, so workability does not decrease during processes such as formability or covering, and after the process is completed Wrinkles do not occur on the curved surface, and the rupture strength is adequate, so it is easy to deploy an airbag, and has excellent surface properties such as abrasion resistance and bending friction resistance.

The pore layer composition may optionally further include other additives such as a flame retardant, a dispersant, and a pigment, and the type and content thereof are not limited.

Meanwhile, pores in the present description mean at least 50 μm in size, and those with a size less than 50 μm are excluded from pores. Specifically, the pores may have a size of 50 to 240 µm, preferably 60 to 180 µm, more preferably 70 to 150 µm, and prevent the transfer of irregularities of automobile interior materials within the above range, the soft touch of artificial leather, Sensibility and softness such as volume can be realized.

In the present invention, the size of the pores means the average length of the diameter that one pore can have, and if the pores are spherical, it means the average of the diameters, and if the pores have a shape other than the spherical shape, the average length of the major axis It may mean that.

In addition, the pores may be open cells having an open shape, or may be closed cells.

The pores may be included as an example of 5 to 20, preferably 7 to 15, more preferably 9 to 13 in a cross-sectional area of 0.15 mm ² of the pore layer, and prevents the transfer of irregularities of the vehicle interior within the above range In addition, it is possible to impart excellent sensibility, such as soft touch and volume, to artificial leather.

In addition, the pores may be open cells in which 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more of the pores contained in the cross-sectional area of 0.15 mm ² of the pore layer are open, for example, , Within the above range, it is possible to prevent uneven transfer of automobile interior materials, and to impart excellent sensibility such as soft touch and volume to artificial leather.

The size of the pores, the number of pores, and the ratio of pores in an open shape are the cross-sectional area of 0.15 mm ² of the pore layer in the section cut using a scanning electron microscope after cutting the artificial leather vertically (width: 0.5 mm, length: 0.3mm) can be measured.

The pore layer may have a contact rate of pores at the top of the back layer, for example, 50% to 80%, preferably 55% to 75%, more preferably 60% to 70%, and within this range Emotional quality such as ductility and volume is excellent, and the porosity is uniform and stiffness is adequate, so it has good workability in processes such as formability and covering, and wrinkles do not occur on the artificial leather of the curved surface after the process is completed. It is easy to deploy airbags due to its moderate bursting strength, and has excellent surface properties such as abrasion resistance and bending friction resistance.

In the present description, the contact rate of pores refers to the ratio of contact between the open pores at the bottom of the pore layer and the upper end of the back layer.

The contact rate of the pores at the top of the back layer is the width of the top of the back layer of the vertical cut surface and the width of the open pores at the bottom of the pore layer contacting the top of the back layer using a scanning electron microscope after cutting the artificial leather vertically. It can be measured and calculated based on Equation 3 below.

<Equation 3>

Pore contact rate (%) = T1/T2 x 100

T1: width of open pores contacting the top of the back layer

T2: the width of the top of the backing layer of the vertical section

The pore layer may have a thickness of, for example, 0.2 to 0.5mm, preferably 0.2 to 0.4mm, more preferably 0.25 to 0.35mm, and prevents the transfer of irregularities of the automobile interior material within the above range, and artificial leather It is possible to impart easy bursting strength, such as strength and airbag deployment, suitable for the covering process of the product, and has the effect of imparting soft touch, filling, ductility and volume to artificial leather.

In the present description, the thickness of the pore layer is determined by vertically cutting the artificial leather for automobile interior materials, and then drawing a vertical line from the cut section using a scanning electron microscope at 5 equally spaced points at the top of the pore layer to the bottom of the pore layer. The distance of can be measured and obtained from the average value of these.

In the present description, five points of equal intervals may mean five points of equal intervals excluding both ends when the whole is divided into six unless otherwise defined.

(3) Binder layer

The binder layer includes a binder resin to impart excellent adhesion between the back layer and the surface layer, and includes hollow microparticles to reduce thermal conductivity, thereby improving the cooling feeling of the artificial leather surface.

The binder layer preferably includes a binder resin, hollow microparticles, and a crosslinking agent, or may be formed from a binder composition further including an aqueous solvent or an organic solvent as a dispersion medium, if necessary.

The binder resin is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of polyurethane resin, polyamide resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, ethylene ethyl acetate resin, styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, polyester resin, ethylene-acrylic copolymer, and polyolefin resin. May be, and preferably polyurethane.

The polyurethane resin is composed of, for example, polyester polyurethane, polyether polyurethane, polycarbonate polyurethane, polyacetal polyurethane, polyacrylate polyurethane, polyester amide polyurethane, polythioether polyurethane and polyolefin polyurethane. It may be one or more selected from the group, preferably polyether polyurethane or polycarbonate polyurethane, and in this case, there is an effect of excellent hydrolysis resistance and heat resistance.

The hollow microparticles include a vacuum layer or an air layer therein, and have an effect of imparting a more excellent cooling feeling to the surface of the artificial leather by blocking heat transmitted from automobile parts by lowering the thermal conductivity of the artificial leather.

The shape of the hollow microparticles is not particularly limited, and for example, may be one or more selected from the group consisting of a plate shape (including a scale shape), a spherical shape, a needle shape, a rod shape, and a fiber shape, In a preferred embodiment, it may have a spherical shape.

When the hollow microparticles have a spherical shape, the surface area is minimized and the contact area between the particles is reduced. Therefore, since the thermal conductivity is low and the surface is in a spherical shape with a smooth surface, radiation is minimized by reflection to effectively block heat transfer, thereby exhibiting excellent thermal insulation effect. I can.

The hollow microparticles may have a particle size of, for example, 30 to 120 μm, preferably 40 to 100 μm, and if the particle size is less than the above range, the specific gravity or average true density of the hollow microparticles increases, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity. The cooling sensation may be insignificant to the artificial leather, and when the above range is exceeded, the dispersibility of the hollow fine particles decreases, and it may be difficult to ensure uniformity of the layer.

In the present description, the particle size may mean a diameter when the hollow microparticles have a spherical shape, and when the hollow microparticles have a shape other than the spherical shape, it may mean the length of the long axis when divided into a long axis and a short axis.

The particle size of the hollow fine particles can be measured using a particle size analyzer (S3500, Microtrac).

In addition, the hollow microparticles may have a thermal conductivity of preferably 0.02 to 0.10 W/m·K, more preferably 0.03 to 0.08 W/m·K at 20-23° C., for example 21° C., and within this range It can give artificial leather an excellent cooling feeling.

In addition, the hollow microparticles may be used in an example 5 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 7 to 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin, and if it is less than the above range, imparting a cooling feeling to artificial leather may be insignificant. If the above range is exceeded, workability may decrease and adhesion of the binder layer may decrease.

Specific examples of the hollow microparticles may include ceramic powder or glass bubbles, but are not limited thereto, and any microparticles having a single or a plurality of hollows formed therein may be used.

The ceramic powder may preferably be a powder containing aluminum silicate, and in particular, the melting point may be 1700 to 2300°C, and the compressive strength of the film may be 2800 to 3500 N/cm 2, and in this case, the effect of excellent durability is have.

The ceramic powder preferably has an apparent density of 0.5 to 1.0 g/cm ³ , preferably 0.7 to 0.9 g/cm ³ , and has excellent productivity and thermal insulation properties within the above range.

The density can be measured using the apparent density test of ASTM D 1895.

The glass bubble may contain at least 90% by weight or more, preferably 94% by weight or more, more preferably 97% by weight or more, of soda-lime-borosilicate glass, for example.

The soda-lime-borosilicate glass is a specific example of 50 to 90% by weight of SiO ₂ , 2 to 20% by weight of alkali metal oxide, 1 to 30% by weight of divalent metal oxide, 1 to 30% by weight of B ₂ O ₃ , and 0.005 to 1.5% by weight of sulfur or sulfur oxide may be included.

In another example, the soda-lime-borosilicate glass is 70 to 80% by weight of SiO ₂ , 3 to 8% by weight of Na ₂ O, 8 to 15% by weight of CaO, 2 to 6% by weight of B ₂ O ₃ , And 0.125 to 1.5% by weight of SO ₃ .

The glass bubbles may have an average ture density of 0.08 to 0.25 g/cc, preferably 0.10 to 0.20 g/cc, and if it is less than the above range, the dispersibility of hollow microparticles in the binder layer is lowered. There may be a problem in productivity, and when the above range is exceeded, the volume of the vacuum layer or the air layer decreases, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity, so that the artificial leather may have insignificant cooling feeling.

In the present description, the average true density means a quotient obtained by dividing the mass of a sample of hollow microparticles by the true volume of the hollow microparticles of that mass measured by a gas pycnometer. Specifically, the average true density is based on ASTM D2840-69 (Average True Particle Density of Hollow Microspheres) using a pycnometer (as a specific example, AccuPcy 1330 of Micromeristics). Can be measured.

The cross-linking agent may be an isocyanate-based cross-linking agent, a carbodiimide-based cross-linking agent, or an aziridine-based cross-linking agent, but is not limited thereto.

The crosslinking agent may be used in an example 1 to 25 parts by weight, 10 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 15 to 20 parts by weight, and another example 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin. It can be used in 6 parts by weight, and within this range, there is an effect excellent in water resistance and solvent resistance.

The aqueous solvent may be water, alcohol, or a mixture of water and alcohol, for example.

The organic solvent may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethyl acetate.

The aqueous solvent or organic solvent may be used in an example of 20 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 25 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin, and within the above range, there is an excellent coating property on the surface layer described later. .

As an embodiment, the binder composition may include 100 parts by weight of a polyurethane resin, 20 to 60 parts by weight of an organic solvent, 10 to 25 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent, and 5 to 20 parts by weight of hollow microparticles.

The binder layer may further include a near-infrared non-absorbing pigment as an example, and the near-infrared non-absorbing pigment may be a pigment that preferably reflects a wavelength of 350 to 2500 nm, more preferably 400 to 1500 nm, more preferably 700 It is a pigment that reflects a wavelength of 1100 nm, and in this case, it improves the cooling feeling by lowering the temperature change rate and thermal conductivity of the surface of the artificial leather by increasing the average reflectance of the artificial leather, and also reflecting the wavelength of the visible light transmitted through the surface layer to the upper part. It has the effect of imparting excellent colorability to the artificial leather by allowing it to be absorbed by the surface layer of.

Specifically, the binder layer is a binder containing 1 to 10 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent, 5 to 20 parts by weight of hollow microparticles, and 5 to 20 parts by weight of the pigment in a total 100 parts by weight of a binder resin alone or a total of 100 parts by weight of a binder resin and a solvent. It can be formed using a composition.

The subject may preferably be an aliphatic (Aliphatic) polyurethane resin dispersed in an aqueous solvent, and in this case, there is an effect of excellent weather resistance without discoloration and aging due to ultraviolet rays.

In the subject matter, the content of the binder resin (based on solid content) may be, for example, 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, and within the above range, there is an effect of imparting excellent adhesion to the surface layer and the back layer. .

The near-infrared non-absorbing pigment has an average reflectance for the wavelength of, for example, 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and its upper limit is not limited, but is 100% or less, preferably, for example It may be 98% or less, more preferably 95% or less.

The near-infrared non-absorbing pigment is, for example, an inorganic pigment, and may preferably have a liquid form in the binder composition, and in this case, there is an effect of excellent dispersibility.

The inorganic pigment may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, metal sulfates, metal sulfides, metal fluorides, metal silicates and metal carbonates, preferably titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, sulfuric acid. It may be one or more selected from the group consisting of barium, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, talc, and the like, preferably titanium oxide, and in this case, it is readily available and has an advantage of excellent reflectance.

The titanium oxide may be used, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a rutile type (Rutile Structure) and an anatase type (Anatase Structure), and is preferably a rutile type, and in this case, there is an advantage of excellent weather resistance and hiding power. .

The near-infrared non-absorbing pigment may be used in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 6 to 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin. Within this range, the surface of artificial leather is not degraded without lowering the adhesive strength of the binder layer. There are excellent advantages such as cooling feeling of

The binder layer may have an average reflectance of 55% or more, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more at a wavelength of 350 to 2500 nm, 400 to 1500 nm, or 700 to 1100 nm, for example, and the upper limit thereof is not limited. For example, it may be 90% or less, preferably 87% or less, and more preferably 85% or less, and within this range, the artificial leather has excellent coloring properties and lowers the temperature change rate and thermal conductivity of the artificial leather surface. There are excellent effects such as the cooling feeling of the surface.

The binder layer may have a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm, preferably 0.2 to 0.8 mm, for example, and has excellent adhesion between the back layer and the surface layer within the above range, and has an effect of imparting a cooling feeling to the surface of artificial leather. .

Surface layer

( 1) Polyvinyl chloride-based surface layer

The surface layer of the present invention is for securing surface smoothness and realizing color, and may include 60 to 120 parts by weight of a plasticizer and a pigment based on 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin as a preferred embodiment.

It is preferable that the polyvinyl chloride resin contained in the surface layer has a higher degree of polymerization than the polyvinyl chloride resin used in the foam layer or the like to prevent the surface layer from bursting during the foam molding step or embossing step described later.

Specifically, the polyvinyl chloride resin included in the surface layer may be a straight polyvinyl chloride resin formed by suspension polymerization.

The polyvinyl chloride resin may have a degree of polymerization of, for example, 1250 to 3000, preferably 1250 to 2000, and within this range there is no fear of the surface layer bursting during the foaming molding step or the embossing step to be described later, and the surface texture and ductility are It has an excellent advantage.

In the present description, the degree of polymerization is not particularly limited unless otherwise defined by a measurement method commonly used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

In addition, the surface layer may further include at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat stabilizer, a flame retardant, and a filler to control melt strength and physical properties.

Plasticizers, heat stabilizers, flame retardants, fillers, etc. contained in the surface layer may be the same as the foam layer.

The thickness of the surface layer may be, for example, 100 to 300 μm, preferably 120 to 200 μm, and has excellent surface smoothness and processability within this range, and the amount of pigment added to realize color is small, and the thickness is appropriate. As a result, material cost is saved, and the cushioning feeling of artificial leather is excellent.

(2) polyurethane-based surface layer

The surface layer implements a texture similar to that of natural leather, and is formed including a polyurethane resin and a pigment as an example, and in one embodiment, 10 to 60 parts by weight of a solvent and a pigment (hereinafter, ' It may be formed using a surface layer composition containing 10 to 40 parts by weight of the first pigment'), and in another embodiment, a wavelength of 700 to 2500 nm is reflected in a total of 100 parts by weight of the main body including a polyurethane resin and a solvent, or A surface layer composition comprising 10 to 30 parts by weight of a permeable pigment (hereinafter, referred to as a'second pigment') and 1 to 10 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent may be applied and dried on the top of the release paper to form.

The polyurethane resin is composed of, for example, polyester polyurethane, polyether polyurethane, polycarbonate polyurethane, polyacetal polyurethane, polyacrylate polyurethane, polyester amide polyurethane, polythioether polyurethane and polyolefin polyurethane. It may be one or more polyurethane resins selected from the group, and is preferably a polycarbonate polyurethane resin, and in this case, there is an advantage of excellent hydrolysis resistance and heat resistance.

The solvent may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide, methylethylketone, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide, and ethyl acetate.

In addition, the solvent may be used in an example of 10 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 55 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane resin, and there is an effect of excellent coating properties within the above range.

The first pigment may be used commonly used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and the content is not limited, but for example, 5 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane resin Can be used as wealth.

The surface layer may optionally contain one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a UV inhibitor, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, a slip agent, an antistatic agent, a dispersant, and a surfactant. It is not very limited to the extent that it does not affect.

The surface layer may have a thickness of, for example, 0.01 to 0.3mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.1mm, and has an advantage of having excellent elongation while implementing a texture similar to that of natural leather within the above range.

The subject is preferably a polyurethane resin dispersed in a solvent, and an aliphatic polyurethane resin is preferable as the polyurethane resin at this time, and in this case, there is an effect of excellent weather resistance without discoloration and aging due to ultraviolet rays. .

The aliphatic polyurethane resin may be prepared, for example, by reacting an aliphatic diisocyanate with a polyol and a chain extender.

The aliphatic diisocyanate is, for example, isophorone diisocyanate, 1,6 hexamethylene diisocyanate, 4,4-dicyclomethane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexyl It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of diisocyanate, decane-1,10-diisocyanate, and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate.

The polyol may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of polyether polyol, polyester polyol, and polycarbonate polyol.

The polyether polyol is prepared by reacting a diol or polyol having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, specific examples are alkyl diols or glycols; and an alkylene oxide having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, specific examples are ethylene oxide or propylene oxide; I can.

The polyester polyol is, for example, prepared by esterifying one or more glycols with one or more dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, or using a small amount of diol, triol, or amine in lactone or a derivative thereof as an initiator for ring-opening polymerization. It can be manufactured.

As another example, the polyol may be a polyester-polycarbonate polyol, which is a reaction product of a polyester polyol and a polycarbonate polyol, and in this case, hydrolysis stability and oxidation stability are excellent.

The glycol may be, for example, one or more selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin, and the dicarboxylic acid may be, for example, one or more selected from adipic acid, phthalic acid, and maleic acid.

The polycarbonate polyol may be prepared by reacting an alkane diol and a carbonate compound, for example.

The chain extender may be, for example, an aliphatic straight chain and branched diol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the chain, and specific examples include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5 -Pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydroquinonebis-(hydroxyethyl) ether, cyclohexylenediol, cyclohexanol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol , Ethanolamine and N-methyldiethanolamine may be one or more selected from the group consisting of.

The content of the polyurethane resin (solid content) in the subject may be, for example, 20 to 50% by weight, preferably 30 to 45% by weight, and the effect of imparting excellent anti-aging and scratch resistance to artificial leather within the above range. There is.

The aqueous solvent may be water, alcohol, or a mixture of water and alcohol, and the alcohol may be at least one selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol.

The second pigment has an average transmittance at a wavelength of 700 to 2500 nm, preferably 700 to 1500 nm, more preferably 700 to 1100 nm, for example, 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 75% or more. And, the lower limit thereof is not limited, but for example, it may be 95% or less, preferably 90% or less, more preferably 88% or less, and in this case, a binder containing a near-infrared non-absorbing pigment in the surface layer transmits a part of the near-infrared ray After the near-infrared ray is reflected by the layer, the reflected near-infrared ray is transmitted through the surface layer again to emit it to the outside, and the surface layer directly reflects some near-infrared ray, so that the cooling feeling of the artificial leather surface is excellent.

In another example, the second pigment has an average absorption and/or reflectance of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 400 to 700 nm wavelength, depending on color, for example 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% It may be more than, it is possible to implement excellent colorability within the above range.

The second pigment may be, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of a black pigment, a brown pigment, a white pigment, and a beige pigment, and each of them follows the definition of the present invention in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. If it is generally used, it is not particularly limited.

The black pigment may have an average absorption rate at a wavelength of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 400 to 700 nm, for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more.

The brown pigment may have an average absorption rate at a wavelength of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 500 to 700 nm, for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more.

The white pigment may have an average reflectance of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 400 to 700 nm, for example, at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, and more preferably at least 95%.

The beige pigment may have an average reflectance of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 500 to 700 nm, for example, of 50% or more, preferably 60% or more, and more preferably 65% or more.

Unless otherwise defined, the average transmittance, average reflectance, and average absorption rate of the pigment in this description are filled with the pigment in a transparent polyethylene bag, and then within the wavelength range using a spectrometer (Shimadzu, SolidSpec-3700) according to ASTM E 903. The transmittance or reflectance of each wavelength may be measured and averaged (average transmittance, average reflectance), and the average absorbance may be calculated from the average transmittance and the average reflectance using Equation 4 below.

<Equation 4>

Average absorption (%) = 100-(average reflectance + average transmittance)

The second pigment may be, for example, an organic pigment, preferably a liquid organic pigment, and in this case, it has excellent dispersibility and excellent colorability in the surface layer composition.

In the present description, the liquid phase means that it is in a liquid state at room temperature, more specifically at 23°C unless otherwise defined.

The organic pigments are, for example, azo-based, anthraquinone-based, phthalocyanine-based, perinone-based, perylene-based, indigo-based, thioindigo-based, dioxadine-based, quinacridone-based, isoindolinone-based, isoindoline-based, diketopyro It may be one or more selected from the group consisting of lopyrrole, azomethine, and azomethine azo.

As another example, the second pigment may be a complex pigment in which a white pigment is coated with one or more pigments selected from the group of organic pigments, and in this case, a dispersion of an organic pigment and a powder or dispersion of a white pigment are mixed and dried. It can be manufactured.

The white pigment may be one or more selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, alumina, silica, clay, activated clay, hydrous silicic acid, silicic anhydride, aluminum powder, stainless powder, and plastic pigment. have.

In addition, the second commercially available pigments include TFL's Roda cool series (black, blue, brown, dark green, light ochre, etc.), BASF's Paliogen series (Black L 0086, Black S 0084, Black EH 0788, etc.) and Sicopal series (Black K 0090 Black K 0095, Black L 00095, Browm K 2595, Brown K 2795, Brown K 2795FG, etc.) are exemplified.

The second pigment, for example, may be included in an amount of 10 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane resin, and within this range, excellent coloring properties are implemented and dispersibility in the surface layer composition. It is excellent and has excellent effects such as cooling feeling on the surface of artificial leather.

The crosslinking agent may be isocyanate-based, carbodiimide-based, aziridine-based, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

The crosslinking agent may be included in 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane resin as an example, and has excellent effects in water resistance, solvent resistance and durability within the above range.

The surface layer has an average transmittance of, for example, 700 to 2500 nm, preferably 700 to 1500 nm, more preferably 700 to 1100 nm, for example 60 to 85%, preferably 65 to 80%, more preferably 70 to It may be 75%, and within the above range, there is an excellent effect of cooling the surface of the artificial leather.

The surface layer may have an average reflectance at a wavelength of 700 to 2500 nm, preferably 700 to 1500 nm, more preferably 700 to 1100 nm for example, for example 15% or more, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 25% or more. The upper limit thereof is not limited, but may be 40% or less, preferably 35% or less, more preferably 30% or less, for example, and the cooling feeling of the artificial leather surface within the above range is excellent.

In addition, the surface layer may have an average absorption rate and/or an average reflectance at a wavelength of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 400 to 700 nm, for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, There is an effect excellent in colorability within this range.

The surface layer may be black, brown, white or beige depending on the color, for example, and each of them is specifically limited if it is classified in the technical field to which the present invention belongs as long as it follows the definition of the present invention. It doesn't.

The black-based surface layer may have an average absorption rate at a wavelength of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 400 to 700 nm, for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more.

The brown-based surface layer may have an average absorption rate at a wavelength of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 500 to 700 nm, for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more.

The white-based surface layer may have an average reflectance of, for example, 350 to 700 nm, preferably 400 to 700 nm, for example 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more.

The beige-based surface layer may have an average reflectance at a wavelength of 350 to 700 nm, preferably 500 to 700 nm, for example, 50% or more, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 65% or more.

The average transmittance, average reflectance, and average absorption of the surface layer are obtained by using a spectrometer (Shimadzu's SolidSpec-3700) in accordance with ASTM E 903 after fabricating the surface layer into a specimen of 150 mm x 150 mm. After measuring the reflectance, it may be an average value (average transmittance, average reflectance), and the average absorption rate can be obtained from the average transmittance and average reflectance.

Specifically, the average reflectance may be a value obtained by measuring the reflectance of each wavelength and converting it to a relative reflectance based on Equation 5 below, compared to an aluminum mirror, and then an average thereof. In this case, the reflectance of the aluminum mirror was assumed to be 100% at the wavelength of the entire region. For reference, the transmittance is the same even when converted into a relative transmittance.

<Equation 5>

Relative reflectance (%) = reflectance measured at wavelength X (aluminum mirror reflectance at the same wavelength/100)

In addition, the average absorption rate can be obtained by Equation 6 below.

<Equation 6>

Average absorption (%) = 100-(average reflectance + average transmittance)

The surface layer may have a thickness of, for example, 0.01 to 0.08 mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.07 mm, and within this range, the color of the surface layer is clear and the cooling feeling is excellent.

Surface treatment layer

The surface treatment layer serves to improve functions such as light resistance, hydrolysis resistance, and chemical resistance of artificial leather, and may be formed by coating a surface treatment agent on the surface layer, and the surface treatment agent is a dispersion medium of a solvent. Depending on the nature (aqueous or oily), it can be classified as an aqueous surface treatment agent or an oily surface treatment agent.

In a specific embodiment, the surface treatment agent is 100 parts by weight of a polyurethane resin, 1 to 30 parts by weight of a curing agent, preferably 1 to 25 parts by weight; 1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 25 parts by weight of an aqueous solvent; And 1 to 15 parts by weight of a silicone compound or 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight.

The polyurethane resin may preferably be a polycarbonate-based polyurethane resin.

The curing agent is not particularly limited if it is a curing agent commonly used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, but preferably may be a compound containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an aziridine group, an isocyanate group, and a carbodiimide group in the molecule. have.

The silicone compound may preferably be a polysiloxane, more preferably a liquid polysiloxane or a bead polysiloxane at room temperature, more preferably a liquid polysiloxane at room temperature, and in this case, there is an advantage of excellent surface texture. .

The aqueous solvent may be water, alcohol, or a mixture of water and alcohol, for example.

The oily solvent is not particularly limited if it is an oily solvent commonly used in the technical field of the present invention, and preferably dimethylformamide, methylethylketone, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide and acetic acid It may be one or more selected from the group consisting of ethyl.

The surface treatment layer may have a thickness of 4 to 30 μm, preferably 4 to 25 μm, more preferably 10 to 20 μm or 4 to 10 μm, for example, and wear resistance while maintaining an appropriate cost within the above range, It has excellent light resistance, hydrolysis resistance and chemical resistance.

Emboss

The embo of the present invention is formed by adsorption molding on the top of the surface layer and/or the surface treatment layer by using a vacuum, and more specifically, may mean an unevenness formed on the top of the artificial leather.

The difference between the thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the valley and the crest of the emboss may be less than 5 μm or 3 μm or less, for example, or the thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the valley of the emboss The ratio of the thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the floor of the floor (that is, the thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the floor χ the thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the valley) may be, for example, 0.7 to 1, preferably 0.8 to 1 In addition, within the above range, the difference in gloss between the surface treatment layer formed on the valley and the floor is small, so that the surface does not look mottled, so there is an effect of providing an artificial leather having an excellent appearance.

The region in which the difference in thickness or the ratio of the thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the valley and the floor of the emboss satisfies the above range may be, for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more of the entire surface of the artificial leather.

In the present invention, the valley of the embo refers to a concave and concave portion of an unevenness with reference to FIG. By part, it means the highest point. The thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the valleys 19a and the floors 19b of the emboss 19 may be measured using a high magnification optical microscope after cutting the artificial leather in a vertical direction.

Adhesive layer

The present invention may optionally further include an adhesive layer between the back layer and the intermediate layer, and this adhesive layer includes all the contents described in the binder layer.

The adhesive layer may preferably not include the hollow microparticles described in the configuration of the binder layer.

Each layer described above may optionally further include at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a UV inhibitor, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, a slip agent, an antistatic agent, a dispersant, and a surfactant, and their content and type. Is not limited to the extent that does not affect the present invention.

Car seat cover

The automobile seat cover of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the artificial leather, and in this case, it has excellent functional properties and sensibility quality for maintaining a comfortable state, and particularly has an excellent naturalness.

Manufacturing method of artificial leather

The artificial leather manufacturing method of the present invention is a method of manufacturing an artificial leather including a back layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer, the step of forming an intermediate layer by forming the intermediate layer on the back layer or the surface layer, and the manufactured intermediate layer Including the step of combining the remaining back layer or surface layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer, and the artificial leather has an absorption power measured by WVTR (humidity 20%, 38° C. and 30 minutes) It is characterized in that it is 3 to 3, and in this case, it is possible to manufacture artificial leather having excellent functional properties and emotional quality, especially naturalness, for maintaining a comfortable state.

The artificial leather manufacturing method may include a release paper removing step of selectively removing the release paper.

In addition, the artificial leather manufacturing method may further include a step of forming a surface treatment layer of selectively forming a surface treatment layer on the surface layer.

In addition, the artificial leather manufacturing method may further include an embossing step of adsorbing and molding the emboss on the upper surface layer and/or the surface treatment layer selectively using a vacuum.

On the other hand, referring to Figure 2 as a specific embodiment, the artificial leather manufacturing method includes a back layer preparation step (S1) of first preparing a back layer of woven or nonwoven fabric; A pre-foaming layer or a pre-foaming layer or a foaming layer, and a surface layer forming step (S3) of molding the pre-foaming layer or the foaming layer and the surface layer, respectively; A back layer stacking step (S5) of stacking the back layer on the bottom surface of the pre-foaming layer or the foam layer; A surface layer lamination step (S7) of laminating the surface layer on the pre-foaming layer or the foam layer on which the back layer is formed; A surface treatment layer forming step (S9) of forming a surface treatment layer by coating an aqueous surface treatment agent on the surface layer; Infrared irradiation step (S11) of irradiating infrared rays on the upper surface treatment layer; It may include an embossing step (S13) of adsorbing and molding embossing using a vacuum on the surface layer and the surface treatment layer heated through the infrared irradiation.

The embossed artificial leather may preferably have a microhardness of 45 to 59.

Hereinafter, the method for manufacturing the artificial leather of the present invention will be described in detail step by step, but the content overlapping with the above will be omitted.

(1) Back layer formation step

The step of forming the back layer may be, for example, a step of impregnating a knitted fabric or a woven fabric with an impregnation solution.

Specifically, in the step of forming the back layer, a knitted fabric or a woven fabric is impregnated with an impregnation solution (for example, a polyurethane solution), and then the polyurethane resin is coagulated in an aqueous dimethylformamide solution and washed with water. It may be a step of impregnating the inside with a predetermined amount, and in this case, the artificial leather has a sensibility such as a soft texture and a feeling of filling, and has shape retention that can withstand repeated stretching and contraction, and has an effect of maintaining an elongation suitable for a covering method.

The step of forming the back layer may further include a buffing process step of forming a brush on one or both sides of the knitted or woven fabric, optionally before impregnating the knitted or woven fabric with the impregnation solution, and in this case, adhesiveness and There is an effect with excellent sensitivity.

Since the knitted fabric, the woven fabric, the impregnating solution and the dimethylformamide aqueous solution have been described above, a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

(2) Intermediate layer formation step

The intermediate layer forming step is a step of forming the foam layer, the pore layer, or the binder layer, and all the above-described contents are shared, and therefore, the contents overlapping with the above-described contents are omitted.

(a) foam layer formation step

The foaming layer forming step may be, for example, a step of extrusion molding or calendering the prefoaming layer.

의 캘린더롤을 통과시키는 캘린더링 공정일 수 있다.The extrusion molding may be, for example, a T-die extrusion process using a T-die extruder after melting the composition for producing a foam layer constituting the pre-foam layer in an extruder, and the calendering molding is performed by forming the pre-foam layer as an example. 160 to 170 after kneading the composition for producing the foam layer constituting in a mixer

It may be a calendering process passing through a calender roll of.

The pre-foaming layer is produced in a sheet shape through extrusion molding or calendering, and then foamed to form a foaming layer, and the pre-foaming layer has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.35 mm, preferably 0.25 to 0.3 mm. I can.

In addition, the pre-foaming layer may be manufactured in a sheet shape through extrusion molding or calendering, for example, and then passed through an oven at 220 to 260° C., and then foaming is completed to complete the foam layer.

Since the composition for preparing the foam layer is the same as the composition of the foam layer described above, duplicate descriptions will be omitted.

(b) Pore layer formation step

The step of forming a pore layer may be a step of forming a pore layer on the back layer.

As a specific example, in the step of forming the pore layer, after coating the pore layer composition on the top of the back layer, a wet coating layer in which micropores are uniformly formed through coagulation in an aqueous dimethylformamide solution and washing in water is first formed, and this It may be a step of drying to form a pore layer.

In the present invention, the wet coating layer refers to a layer in which fine pores are formed after the pore layer composition is thinly applied on the top of the back layer, immersed in an aqueous dimethylformamide solution to solidify, and then washed with water.

Since the detailed description of the pore layer composition is the same as described above, duplicate descriptions will be omitted.

Meanwhile, since the step of forming the pore layer is independent of the step of forming the surface layer, it can be performed by changing the previous and subsequent steps.

(c) forming a binder layer

The forming of the binder layer may be a step of forming a binder layer by applying and drying a binder layer composition on an upper surface layer.

, 바람직하게는 110 내지 130

에서, 일례로 1 내지 5분, 바람직하게는 2 내지 4분 동안 수행될 수 있으며, 이 범위 내에서 바인더층 조성물이 반건조 상태가 되어 접착력이 우수한 효과가 있다. The drying is for example 100 to 140

, Preferably 110 to 130

In, for example, it may be carried out for 1 to 5 minutes, preferably 2 to 4 minutes, and within this range, the binder layer composition is in a semi-dried state, so that adhesion is excellent.

The binder layer may optionally further include a step of forming a second binder layer after the step of forming the binder layer, and in this case, the adhesive strength is excellent.

The second binder layer may, for example, be the same as the composition of the binder layer, and preferably may not contain hollow microparticles.

(3) Surface layer formation step

The surface layer forming step may be a step of forming a surface layer by applying and drying the surface layer composition on the top of the release paper.

For example, the release paper may have an embossed pattern, and in this case, the appearance quality of the artificial leather is excellent.

In the present description, the coating may be performed by one method selected from bar coating, knife coating, roll coating, slit coating, screen printing, or spray coating, for example, but is not limited thereto.

The drying may be performed at, for example, 100 to 140°C, preferably 110 to 135°C, for 1 to 5 minutes, preferably 2 to 4 minutes.

Since the surface layer composition and the like are the same as those of the surface layer described above, overlapping descriptions are omitted.

(4) Consolidation stage

The combining step is a step of bonding separately formed layers, and is a step of combining the intermediate laminate and the back layer or the surface layer, and as a specific example, bonding the intermediate laminate and the surface layer including the foam layer and the back layer, the back side It may be a step of bonding the intermediate laminate including the layer and the pore layer and the surface layer formed on the release paper, or bonding the intermediate laminate including the release paper, the surface layer and the binder layer and the back layer, and the laminated body It may sequentially include a release paper, a surface layer, an intermediate layer and a back layer.

(a) step of combining the intermediate laminate including the foam layer and the surface layer

The step of combining the intermediate layered body and the surface layer may be, for example, a step of plying the surface layer on the top of the foam layer in which the back layer is laminated, and in this case, the back layer has excellent mechanical strength, so that the physical properties of each layer are held during the process. For this reason, there is an advantage of suppressing the occurrence of bubbles or curling during heat bonding. The plywood is not particularly limited if it is a plywood method commonly used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, but a specific example may be a thermal plywood.

In addition, when the pre-foaming layer is used in the combining step, the back layer is formed by passing the pre-foaming layer through an oven at 220 to 230°C and foaming after the combining step; Foam layer; Artificial leather in which the surface layer is laminated can be formed. In the present description, the prefoaming layer refers to a layer from after the composition for producing a foaming layer is applied to a state before the foaming is completed.

(b) step of combining the intermediate layered product including the pore layer and the surface layer

The step of combining the intermediate laminate and the surface layer is, for example, a step of combining the pore layer of the intermediate laminate and the surface layer separately formed to be bonded, and as a specific example, the pore layer of the intermediate laminate and the separately formed surface layer are stacked in contact and stacked at 60 to 95°C. It may be a step of aging for 40 to 60 hours, preferably 45 to 55 hours at a temperature of preferably 70 to 90°C, and adhesion and drying efficiency are excellent within this range.

The step of combining the intermediate layered body and the surface layer may optionally further include a step of forming an adhesive layer by applying and drying an adhesive to the surface layer before the step of combining so that the surface layer and the pore layer are well bonded, and in this case, artificial Leather has excellent durability. Drying at this time may be performed at 70 to 120°C, preferably 75 to 110°C, for example 30 seconds to 5 minutes, preferably 1 minute to 3 minutes.

(c) step of combining the intermediate laminate including the binder layer and the back layer

The step of combining the intermediate layered body and the back layer is a step of combining the back layer to be bonded to the binder layer of the intermediate layered body, as an example, and a specific example is 90 to 140° C. after laminating the back layer on the binder layer of the intermediate layered body, It may be a step of drying the binder layer at the same time as bonding the back layer to the binder layer by drying at 100 to 130° C. for 1 to 5 minutes, preferably 2 to 4 minutes.

The step of combining the intermediate layered body and the back layer may optionally further include an adhesive layer forming step of forming an adhesive layer by applying and drying an adhesive on the binder layer prior to the combining step so that the binder layer and the back layer are well bonded, In this case, there is an advantage of excellent durability of the artificial leather.

(5) Release paper removal step

The step of removing the release paper is a step of selectively peeling the release paper located on one side of the surface layer when the release paper is present, the back layer from the bottom to the top through the step; Middle layer; And the artificial leather according to the present invention including the surface layer is completed.

(6) Surface treatment layer formation step

The step of forming the surface treatment layer may be, for example, a step of applying and drying a surface treatment agent on the surface layer.

The surface treatment layer may be applied in a single layer or in multiple layers of two or more layers, for example.

When applied in a single layer, the aqueous surface treatment agent described above may be applied, and when applied in multiple layers, a composition other than the silicone compound from the aqueous surface treatment agent described above may be applied as a base, and the above-described composition may be applied on the top of the base. An aqueous surface treatment agent such as one may be applied.

The drying may be performed at 110 to 150°C, preferably at 130 to 150°C for 80 to 120 seconds, for example, and within this range, all aqueous solvents evaporate so that whitening of the artificial leather surface due to uncured does not occur. In addition, it has excellent surface properties, good heat resistance, and low risk of discoloration.

The whitening phenomenon refers to a white defect in the shape of a white dot that appears in the middle of the surface of the artificial leather after applying the aqueous surface treatment agent.

Since the detailed description of the surface treatment agent is the same as described above, duplicate descriptions are omitted.

(7) Emboss formation step

The embossing step of the present invention may include, for example, irradiating infrared rays at 150 to 180°C for 5 to 15 seconds, preferably 10 to 15 seconds on the surface on which the surface layer or the surface treatment layer is formed, and within this range There is an advantage in that the surface is appropriately softened in, and the emboss is well formed while maintaining the surface shape.

The infrared irradiation step may be, for example, a process speed of 10 to 20 m/min, preferably 12 to 15 m/min, and specifically, irradiation of infrared rays for 10 to 15 seconds when the process speed is 12 to 15 m/min. I can.

In addition, the emboss forming step of the present invention may include the step of adsorbing the emboss using a vacuum.

The embossing adsorption molding step may be performed under a vacuum pressure of 0.02 to 0.08 Mpa, preferably 0.04 to 0.07 Mpa, for example, and has excellent cushioning feeling and excellent surface conditions and physical properties within this range.

In addition, the embossing adsorption molding step may be performed at a temperature of 150 to 190°C, preferably 160 to 180°C, for example, and within this range, the number or shape of embossing is excellent, and the surface condition and physical properties of the artificial leather It has an excellent effect.

The artificial leather manufacturing method of the present invention may be selectively performed in-line until the embossing step.

In the present description, the inline is not particularly limited in the case of an inline process commonly used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

In addition, in the artificial leather manufacturing method of the present invention, a surface treatment layer may be formed by selectively applying a surface treatment agent to the surface treatment layer after the emboss formation step, not before the emboss formation step, thereby completing the production of the artificial leather.

The artificial leather of the present invention has a texture similar to that of natural leather and a soft touch, and has an excellent effect of peeling strength and cushioning at the same time.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment is presented to aid the understanding of the present invention, but the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible within the scope and spirit of the present invention, It is natural that such modifications and modifications fall within the appended claims.

[Example]

<Example 1>

(1) back layer

Including 100 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 3 parts by weight of a curing agent based on 100 parts by weight of a mixed resin consisting of 75% by weight of the paste vinyl chloride homopolymer and 25% by weight of a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate (the content of vinyl acetate is 6% by weight). Fully agitate the coating composition at room temperature to make ?猪? A coating solution was prepared at 25° C. for 110 seconds with viscosity (Zahn cup, #3 cup).

One side of a woven fabric containing cotton and polyester in a weight ratio of 35:65 was coated to a thickness of 3㎛ by gravure coating method using the coating solution prepared above, and then gelled by applying heat at a temperature of 130℃ to make the thickness. A 0.6mm back layer was prepared.

(2) prefoaming layer

Copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate (the content of vinyl acetate is 3% by weight) 10 parts by weight, 85 parts by weight of plasticizer, 6 parts by weight of foaming agent, 2 parts by weight of heat stabilizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of straight polyvinyl chloride resin with a degree of polymerization of 1000 After kneading the composition for producing a foam layer including parts, the raw material in a dough state was passed through a calender roll having a thickness of 160-170° C. to prepare a pre-foam layer 13a having a thickness of 0.3 mm.

(3) surface layer

After kneading the composition for surface layer preparation including 95 parts by weight of plasticizer, 2 parts by weight of pigment, and 2 parts by weight of heat stabilizer per 100 parts by weight of straight polyvinyl chloride with a degree of polymerization of 1300, the raw materials in a dough state are passed through a calender roll of 160-170°C. A surface layer having a thickness of 150 μm (meaning a skin layer in FIG. 2 below) was prepared.

Subsequently, the back layer 11 coated on the bottom of the pre-foam layer 13a was thermally laminated, and then the surface layer 15 was thermally laminated on the top of the pre-foam layer 13a on which the back layer 11 was stacked. .

Then, the back layer 11; A pre-foaming layer 13a; A back layer 11 by passing the semi-finished product on which the surface layer 15 is stacked through an oven at 220° C. to foam the pre-foaming layer 13a; Foam layer 13b'; A semi-finished product in which the surface layer 15 was laminated was prepared.

(4) Surface treatment layer

After gravure coating an aqueous surface treatment agent containing 5 parts by weight of a curing agent, 20 parts by weight of an aqueous solvent, and 5 parts by weight of a silicone compound based on 100 parts by weight of a polycarbonate-based polyurethane resin on the surface layer 15, it was dried at 140°C. The surface treatment layer 17 having a thickness of 15 μm was formed by evaporating the aqueous solvent.

Then, the back layer 11 from the bottom to the top; Foam layer 13b'; Surface layer 15; The surface of the semi-finished product on which the surface treatment layer 17 was formed was irradiated with infrared rays at 150-180°C for 14 seconds and heated to about 170°C.

(5) embossing

The artificial leather according to the present invention was manufactured by adsorbing and molding the emboss 19 on the surface of the surface layer 15 and the surface treatment layer 17 under a vacuum pressure of 0.06 MPa.

Example 2

In Example 1, a PU coating (oil-based PU or PUD) dry thickness of 40 μm was used as the release paper, and a PU-impregnated nonwoven fabric was used as the back layer, and pores were formed on the release paper through a capsule-type foaming agent or wet coating. After forming a layer (PU or PUD), a PU or PUD adhesive (adhesive layer) was applied and the artificial leather according to the present invention was manufactured through the same process as in Example 1, except that it was applied with the back layer. Here, PU means polyurethane and PUD means water-dispersible polyurethane.

Example 3

The artificial leather according to the present invention was manufactured through the same process as in Example 2, except that 80-160 μm release paper was used in Example 2.

Comparative Example 1

In Example 2, an artificial leather was manufactured through the same process as in Example 2, except that the pore layer was removed or a non-impregnated nonwoven fabric was used.

Comparative Example 2

In Example 2, an artificial leather was manufactured through the same process as in Example 2, except that the thickness or amount of the pore layer was too large or the thickness of the back layer exceeded 1 mm.

[Test Example]

The properties of the artificial leather prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were measured by the following method, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

(1) Elongation: A tensile tester (Instron) was used, and a mark (I) of 100 mm was drawn on the specimen of Fig. 3, and the elongation at the break of the specimen by pulling it by the tester and pulling it at 200 mm/min is obtained from the following equation It was calculated according to.

[Equation 1]

L= (L1-L0)/L0 X 100

(However, L: elongation (%), L0: distance between gages before test, L1: distance between gages when the skin or air bubbles break after the test)

(2) Tensile strength: A tensile tester (Instron) was used, and a mark (I) of 100 mm was drawn on the specimen in FIG. 3, and then the maximum weight was obtained when the specimen was broken by pulling it by a tester and pulling it at 200 mm/min. .

(3) Whether to prevent uneven transfer: After completing the covering process of the automobile interior material with the artificial leather, the presence/absence of uneven transfer was visually checked.

When the uneven transfer is entirely, X, when there is partial uneven transfer, △, and when there is no uneven transfer, it is marked with ○.

(4) Wrinkle occurrence prevention: After completing the covering process of the automobile interior material with the artificial leather, the presence/absence of wrinkle occurrence was visually checked.

When wrinkles occur entirely, X, when wrinkles partially occur, △, and when wrinkles do not occur, are indicated by ○.

(5) Sensibility: After completing the covering process of the interior material of the automobile with the artificial leather, the soft texture and filling feeling were directly touched by artificial leather experts to confirm.

When the sensitivity is excellent, ○, when the sensitivity is flat, is indicated by △, and when the sensitivity is not good, it is indicated by X.

(6) Softness: After preparing an artificial leather specimen with a pie (ð) of 100 mm using a softness measuring device (SDL Atlas, ST300D) at a temperature of 23±2℃ and a relative humidity of 50±5%, It was measured by pressing the ST300D device and reading the value that the scale moved for 15 seconds.

(7) Amount of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Generated: An artificial leather specimen (width and length 4cm x 9cm) was put in a 3L bag, sealed, and heated in an oven at 65°C for 2 hours. Thereafter, the specimen was taken out of the bag and allowed to stand in a laboratory at 25° C. for 30 minutes, and then volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the specimen were collected, and the amount of generation thereof was measured by gas chromatography (GC).

(8) Thickness of each layer constituting artificial leather: The thickness of each layer constituting artificial leather is a cross section cut at 300x magnification using a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi Corporation, SU8010) after cutting the artificial leather vertically. The thickness of each layer was measured using a photograph taken.

Among them, the surface treatment layer, skin layer, and adhesive layer with relatively uniform thickness show similar values even when measuring the thickness of any part, so a vertical line is drawn at an arbitrary point on the top of each layer and the bottom of each layer meets the vertical line. The measured value of the distance to was taken as the thickness of the layer.

On the other hand, the thickness of the back layer is determined by drawing a vertical line at five arbitrary points on the top of the back layer and measuring the distance to the lower end of the back layer meeting the vertical line, respectively, and then calculating the average value of them as the thickness of the back layer. The thickness of the layer was determined as the thickness of the pore layer by obtaining an average value of the sum of the thicknesses of the non-porous portion and the pore portion at any five points on the top of the pore layer.

In addition, the thickness ratio was calculated from the thickness of the back layer and the pore layer.

(9) Thickness of the non-porous portion and the pore portion in the pore layer: After cutting the artificial leather vertically, the pore portion using a photograph of the cross section cut at 300 magnification using a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi Corporation, SU8010) And the thickness of the non-porous portion was measured.

Specifically, after cutting the artificial leather for automobile interior material vertically, draw a vertical line passing through the lowest point of the pore located at the lowest among the pores of the pore portion at an arbitrary point on the upper end of the pore layer, and then the upper end of the pore layer. The distance to the lowest point of the pores was measured at to determine the thickness of the pores.

In addition, after cutting the artificial leather for automobile interior material vertically, draw a vertical line passing through the lowest point of the pore located at the bottom of the pore of the pore at an arbitrary point on the top of the pore layer, and then the pore at the lowest point of the pore. The distance to the lower end of the layer was measured to obtain the thickness of the non-porous portion.

In addition, the thickness ratio was calculated from the thickness of the non-porous portion and the pore portion.

(10) Measurement of impregnation amount of polyurethane resin in the back layer: After dissolving the polyurethane resin in the back layer by impregnating the back layer with dimethylformamide, the dimethylformamide was evaporated to reduce the weight of the back layer (g/ m2) was measured and used as the amount of impregnation of the polyurethane resin in the back layer.

(11) Temperature change rate of the surface of artificial leather: After fabricating the artificial leather for automobile interior material as a specimen of 150mm x 150mm horizontally and vertically, a light source (GE Lighting Korea, LTd, Q500T3) having an intensity of 500W was applied to the specimen by 20cm. After irradiation at a distance of 180 minutes, it was calculated through the change in the surface temperature of the specimen using a thermal imaging camera.

Temperature change rate = (Surface temperature of specimen after irradiation (℃)-Surface temperature of specimen before irradiation (℃))/Unit time (180 minutes)

The surface temperature of the specimen before irradiation with the light source was 26°C.

(12) Thermal conductivity: After making the artificial leather for automobile interior material into a specimen having a width of 150 mm x 150 mm, according to ASTM C 518, a heat flow meter (EKO Instruments, HC-074) was used. The thermal conductivity was measured.

(13) Peeling strength of the rear layer and the surface layer: Prepare a specimen of the artificial leather for automobile interior materials with a width of 30 mm and a length of 150 mm, sample 5 pieces in each of the horizontal and vertical directions, and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) on the side of the rear layer. After impregnating a solvent such as the back, the surface layer and the back layer are forcibly separated by 50 mm in length parallel to the short side, taking care not to apply stress to the surface layer.

After peeling, leave the specimen in the room for at least 2 hours to sufficiently volatilize the solvent, and then fix the peeled surface layer and the back layer to the clamps of the tensile tester, respectively, and use the average value of the maximum load when peeling 50 mm at 200 mm/min. Seek.

(14) Post-heat cutoff rate: After making the artificial leather for automobile interior material into a specimen of 150mm X 150mm horizontally and vertically, the specimen was placed on a hot plate (DAIHAN SCIENTIFIC, HP-20D) fixed at 70°C with the surface facing upward. After placing, the contact thermometer was fixed to the center of the artificial leather surface, and the temperature after 1 hour was recorded, and was calculated using the following equation.

After-heat cut-off rate (%) = (T0-T1)/T0 X 100

T0: hot plate temperature

T1: artificial leather surface temperature after 1 hour

(15) Average transmittance: The surface layer, the binder layer, and the artificial leather for automobile interior materials were each prepared into a specimen having a width of 150 mm x 150 mm, and then using a spectrometer (Shimadzu's SolidSpec-3700) according to ASTM E 903. After measuring the transmittance of each wavelength within a specific wavelength range, the average value thereof was calculated.

(16) Average reflectance: The surface layer, the binder layer, and the artificial leather for automobile interior materials were each prepared as a specimen having a width and length of 150 mm x 150 mm, and then using a spectrometer (Shimadzu Corporation SolidSpec-3700) according to ASTM E 903. The reflectance of each wavelength was measured within a specific wavelength range and converted into a relative reflectance based on the following equation compared to an aluminum mirror, and then the average value thereof was calculated. In this case, the reflectance of the aluminum mirror is assumed to be 100% in the entire wavelength range.

Relative reflectance (%) = reflectance of the specimen measured at wavelength X (aluminum mirror reflectance at the same wavelength/100)

(17) Average absorption rate (%): It was calculated|required by the following formula using the average reflectance and average transmittance.

Average absorption (%) = 100-(average reflectance + average transmittance)

(18) Contact rate of pores at the top of the back layer: After cutting the artificial leather vertically, the width of the top of the back layer of the vertical cut surface and the width of the open pores at the bottom of the pore layer contacting the top of the back layer using a scanning electron microscope Each can be measured and calculated based on Equation 1 below.

<Equation 1>

Pore contact rate (%) = T1/T2 x 100

T1: width of open pores contacting the top of the back layer

T2: the width of the top of the backing layer of the vertical section

(19) Strength: Take 5 artificial leather specimens of 25mm in width and 200mm in length in the horizontal and vertical directions, and align the short side on the horizontal bar with the scale base line (A) according to GMW3390, and then the direction of the 45° slope Make it slide at a speed of about 600mm/min with the scale and read the position (B) of the other end when one end of the test piece contacts the inclined surface. The stiffness was expressed as the moving distance (scale of point B) (mm), and five specimens were measured in both length and width, and the average value was obtained.

(20) Bursting strength: Take 3 pieces of artificial leather specimens 100 mm wide and 100 mm long in the horizontal and vertical directions, and mount the film face down on a burst tester (MULLEN type burst strength tester) according to MS 300-32. Apply pressure. The bursting strength was expressed as the pressure at which the rubber diaphragm broke through the test piece, and the result was obtained as the average value of three specimens.

(21) Microhardness: Microhardness is measured immediately after the needle contacts the artificial leather at a press-in speed of 1mm/s in the peak hold mode using a microhardness meter (Asker Micro Durometer, model name: MD-1 CAPA). The maximum value was measured when the load holding time was 1 s.

(22) The degree of bursting of the surface layer: After foaming the semi-finished product, the degree of bursting of the surface layer was visually confirmed.

(◎ burst, ○ partially burst, X marked as not burst.)

(23) Surface appearance: 1) After cutting the artificial leather in a vertical direction, the thickness of the surface treatment layer formed on the valleys and floors of the emboss is measured using a high magnification optical microscope.

2) For the surface appearance, a panel was composed of 10 evaluators, and the difference in gloss of the emboss (19) was visually recognized for the artificial leather specimen. It is defined as having a difference and it is described as X (deterioration in appearance), and if less than 5 people answered that there is a difference in gloss, it is defined as no difference in gloss, and this is indicated as ○ (excellent appearance).

Specifically, in the artificial leather specimen, the method of measuring whether the gloss difference between the valley and the floor of the emboss 19 is measured is to place the light (light source), the artificial leather specimen, and the evaluator's eyes at a right angle. In this case, the artificial leather specimen and the evaluator Put the eyes on the same line.

Thereafter, the artificial leather specimen is repeatedly tilted at 30-60° based on the incident light of light, and the visibility of the gloss difference is measured based on the valley portion of the emboss 19 (see FIG. 6 below).

At this time, when measuring the gloss difference, the distance between the artificial leather specimen and the evaluator's eyes was 30 cm or less.

(○ The thickness of the surface treatment layer was uniformly formed to show an excellent appearance.

X Surface treatment layer thickness was not uniform, so the surface looked mottled.)

(24) Absorption power: The weight of the fabric was measured using Equation 7 below after leaving for 30 minutes under conditions of 20% humidity and 38°C using a thermo-hygrostat using a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) method.

[Equation 7]

(25) Embossing angle: As shown in FIG. 4, it was measured using sharpness leica DCM 3D.

(26) Emboss depth: As shown in FIG. 5, it was measured using a 3D printer (Topo color systems).

division Example Comparative example One 2 3 One 2 Middle floor Binder layer Pore layer Pore layer Pore layer Pore layer absorptivity 0.5 2 1.9 0.05 4 Embossing angle 3 3 2 220 220 Embo depth 95 80 100 4.2 4.1 ductility 3 4.2 4.2 1.4 1.4 thickness 1.2 1.4 1.41

As shown in Table 1 above, it was confirmed that the artificial leather (Examples 1 to 3) according to the present invention conforms to the emotional quality data and is a natural fabric for customers to feel.

On the other hand, artificial leather (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) outside the scope of the present invention was found to be significantly pushed out of priority due to poor natural feel when looking at the preferences of customers and ordinary people.

In conclusion, it was confirmed that tactile naturalness like natural leather in artificial leather had a great influence in the order of absorption power, embossing angle, thickness, softness, and embossing depth of artificial leather.

1: artificial leather 11: back layer
12: intermediate layer 13b, 13b': foam layer
13a: prefoaming layer 14: pore layer
15: surface layer 16: adhesive layer
17: surface treatment layer 15: binder layer
19: embo 19a: embo's goal
19b: embossed floor

Claims (16)

An artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer,
The intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer,
Characterized in that the absorption power measured by WVTR (humidity 20%, 38°C and 30 minutes) is 1 to 3
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The artificial leather is characterized in that the embossing angle measured using sharpness leica DCM 3D is 65 to 135°
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The artificial leather is characterized in that it satisfies the N value defined by the following equations 1 and 2
Leatherette.
[Equation 1]
3.5 ≤ N
[Equation 2]
N = 3.277 + 1.911*ln(T) + 1.021*ln(S)-0.371*√A-0.458*ln(D) + 2.230*√F
(Where * is the multiplication, ln is the natural log, √ is the square root, T is the thickness of the artificial leather, S is the ductility of the artificial leather, A is the emboss angle of the artificial leather, D is the emboss depth of the artificial leather, and F is the absorption power of artificial leather.) The method of claim 1,
The back layer is characterized in that the circular knitted fabric impregnated with a thermoplastic resin
Leatherette. The method of claim 4,
The thermoplastic resin is characterized in that contained in 130 to 600 g / m ² in the back layer
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The back layer is characterized in that the thickness is 0.4 to 1.08 mm
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The intermediate layer includes foam cells having an average diameter of 50 to 250 μm, or micropores having a cell size of 50 to 240 μm, or including hollow microparticles having a particle size of 30 to 120 μm. Characterized by
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The thickness ratio of the back layer and the intermediate layer is 0.5 to 1.5:1, characterized in that
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
Characterized in that it further comprises an adhesive layer between the intermediate layer and the surface layer
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
Characterized in that the surface treatment layer is formed on the surface layer
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The surface layer is characterized in that it comprises a near-infrared non-absorbing pigment
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The artificial leather is characterized in that the thickness is 1.34 to 1.73 mm
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The artificial leather is characterized in that the softness (softness) is 4.15 to 5.10 mm
Leatherette. The method of claim 1,
The artificial leather is characterized in that the embossing depth is 65 to 135 ㎛
Leatherette. It characterized in that it comprises the artificial leather of claim 1 to 14
Car seat cover. A method for manufacturing artificial leather comprising a back layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer,
Forming the intermediate layer on the back layer or the surface layer to prepare an intermediate laminate, and a step of combining the produced intermediate laminate and the remaining back or surface layer,
The intermediate layer includes a foam layer, a pore layer or a binder layer,
The artificial leather is characterized in that the absorption power measured by WVTR (humidity 20%, 38 ℃ and 30 minutes) is 1 to 3
Manufacturing method of artificial leather.

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