KR20200099666A - device for measuring dust by different particle size in chimney - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to provide a means capable of finding, improving and managing a problem that an existing chimney dust measuring apparatus or system cannot measure dust by particle size. In order to use a collision type particle size separating device in chimney dust measurement, the present invention provides a chimney exhaust gas particle size separating device with a pipe expansion part (300), wherein an area ratio of a gas inlet (310) to an expansion pipe (330) is 1:1 to 1:50 to reduce the velocity of exhaust gas discharged from a chimney within a flow velocity range of the collision type particle size separating device. With this configuration, the present invention provides a means to measure and manage the amount of fine dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney by applying the particle size separating device to a chimney dust measuring device according to the above configuration, thereby providing the means capable of protecting global environment and the health of the people.

Description

Device for measuring dust by different particle size in chimney}

The present invention relates to a chimney dust measurement technology. In more detail, it relates to a technique of analyzing and measuring the dust in the chimney by particle size.

Prior art prior to the present invention discloses a technique in which the length and size are reduced by improving the structure. A power supply unit supplying a predetermined level of power; A CPU for emitting a control signal according to a pre-installed program; It detects and measures pollutants discharged to the chimney.

A sensor unit; A driving unit having a driving motor generating rotational force, an air blower for inhaling pollutants discharged from the chimney, and a heating line for maintaining the air blower and the CPU at room temperature; A switch unit comprising a lower pressure sensor for measuring a predetermined pressure and a high pressure sensor for measuring a pressure higher than the lower pressure sensor, and connected to the air blower through a hose connector; A body functioning as a framework for receiving and fixing the power supply unit, CPU, sensor unit, driving unit, and switch unit; A technology including a filter box installed outside the body, connected to the heating line through the air blower, and filtering pollutants for which dust measurement has been completed is disclosed.

Another prior art is that the flow rate of gas discharged from the chimney is not constant by installing a flow meter inside the chimney and inside the measurement cell, measuring and comparing each flow rate, and adjusting the air supply flow rate. It is possible to adjust the flow rate to increase the accuracy of the measurement data by removing the difference between the actual flow rate of the chimney and the flow rate of the measurement cell by maintaining a constant air flow rate to the measurement cell so that the concentration of dust contained in the exhaust gas can be measured at the flow rate. A technique for wet dust measurement systems is presented.

Registered Patent Publication 10-0776223 Registered Patent Publication 10-0823947

An object of the present invention is to provide a means for improving and managing a problem in which the existing chimney dust measuring apparatus or system cannot measure dust by particle size. An attempt was made to solve the problem that a measuring device for measuring dust in the air by particle diameter cannot measure the dust in the chimney by particle diameter.

The present invention provides the following means to solve the above problems.

In order to measure the exhaust gas of the chimney by particle size, the area ratio of the gas inlet 310 and the expansion pipe 330 is 1:1 in order to reduce the velocity of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney within the flow velocity range of the collision type particle size separation device. It provides an exhaust gas particle size separation device of the chimney having an expansion unit 300, characterized in that ~ 1:50.

In addition, in order to measure the exhaust gas of the chimney by particle size, the area ratio of the gas inlet 310 and the expansion pipe 330 to reduce the velocity of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney within the flow velocity range of the collision type particle size separation device 1:1 to 1:50 expansion unit 300; And

Characterized in that the rear end of the expansion unit 300 includes a measurement gas branch pipe 350 connected to the collision type particle diameter separation unit 215 and a discharge partial branch pipe 340 for discharging exhaust gas not used for measurement It provides a particle size separation device for the exhaust gas of the chimney.

In addition, in the flue gas particle diameter measuring apparatus of the present invention, a pressure difference between the measuring pipe 430 measuring the dynamic pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the front end of the flue gas discharge portion and the measuring pipe 440 measuring the static pressure is used. The exhaust gas flow rate sensor unit for measuring the flow rate and the exhaust gas inlet 310 for measuring the dust of the chimney by particle diameter, and a pressure sensor connected between the exhaust gas inlet and the expansion unit 300 and the rear end of the expansion unit The measurement gas branch pipe 350 through which the exhaust gas moves in a predetermined amount and the discharge partial branch pipe 340 for discharging excess exhaust gas not used for measurement back to the chimney; And the rear end of the measurement gas branch pipe 350 is connected to the particle size separation and dust measurement device 210 for each particle size, and the rear end of the particle size dust measurement device 210 is connected to the air discharge unit 240 and Air supply nozzle 1 230 and pneumatic pressure on the exhaust gas pipe connected to the air outlet 240 in order to constantly adjust the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the measurement gas branch pipe 350 by adjusting the amount. A pump 1 220 is provided, and the discharge portion branch pipe 340 is connected to the gas discharge part 320 by a pipe, and includes the pipe air supply nozzle 2 370 and the air supply pump 2 360 , A chimney, characterized in that the flow rate of the exhaust gas in the chimney calculated through the dynamic pressure measurement tube 430 and the static pressure measurement tube 440 and the inflow rate of the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas inlet 310 are the same Provides an exhaust gas particle size measuring device.

In addition, the gas inlet 310 is provided with a heating unit outside the pipe to which the gas inlet is connected to reduce the influence of the moisture of the inflowing exhaust gas, so that moisture and dust contained in the exhaust gas can be removed from the gas inlet. It provides a particle size measuring device for flue gas, characterized in that it does not stick to the connected pipe.

The present invention provides a means to measure and manage the amount of fine dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney by applying the particle size separation device to the dust measurement device of the chimney according to the above configuration, thereby providing a means to manage the global environment and the health of the people. It provided a means to keep it.

1 shows the gravimetric method and the beta line method among methods of measuring dust.
2 shows a method of measuring dust using the light scattering method.
3 is a schematic diagram of a collision type particle size separation unit applied to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a simulation for explaining the operation of the particle size separation plate of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage particle size separator used in the present invention.
6 is a conceptual diagram of a dust measuring device installed in a conventional chimney.
7 is a view for explaining a pipe expansion unit used in the present invention.
8 is a view in which the expansion pipe used in the present invention, the measurement gas discharge part, and the branch part for branching the discharge gas are combined.
9 is a conceptual configuration diagram of the entire system of the present invention.

A lot of dust floats in the air we breathe. Among these, ultrafine dust (PM-2.5) is often generated when fossil fuels such as coal or petroleum are burned, or when gas is discharged from factories and automobiles, and dust with a diameter of 10㎛ or less is called fine dust (PM-10). The main constituents are yellow sand, which is sand dust, and scattered dust blown by the wind.

The dust having a diameter of 2.5㎛ or less is called ultrafine dust (PM-2.5), and

The diameter of is only about 1/20 of the thickness of a hair, but it is known to be more harmful than fine dust.

The method of measuring ultrafine dust (PM-2.5) can be measured by the gravimetric method, the beta ray method, and the light scattering method. The gravimetric method is a method of directly measuring the weight of the collected fine dust with a scale, and the beta ray method is a method of measuring the concentration by the amount of beta rays absorbed by the fine dust.

Although the gravimetric method is accurate, it has the disadvantage that it takes a long time because it collects dust and measures the weight at a constant temperature and humidity before and after measurement. In addition, the beta-line method can be measured quickly, but has a disadvantage of inferior precision. The light scattering method counts particles generated by colliding with a particle in the air and a laser beam, and an error may occur when two particles fall at the same time or cover the laser beam.

An object of the present invention is to improve a measuring apparatus for continuously measuring ultrafine dust or fine dust generated from a chimney of a factory by using a beta ray method or a light scattering method among the above-described methods of measuring ultrafine dust or fine dust.

The conventional technique for measuring dust in a chimney does not distinguish between fine dust and ultrafine dust, and measures and monitors the total amount of dust. In this technique, the total amount of dust is measured using a beta ray by passing the dust in the gas discharged from the chimney through a filter without separating the particles by size, or directly to the chimney or discharged from the chimney. A part of the gas is introduced into a separate discharge pipe to emit light, and the scattered light generated when the laser light collides with dust particles is measured.

However, considering that public health is deteriorating due to the influence of fine dust, it is necessary to measure and regulate the amount of fine dust and ultrafine dust contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney.

In areas where air flow is low, such as the atmosphere, a certain amount of air can be continuously supplied to the ultrafine dust or fine dust meter without changing the air velocity and volume by using a pump. After separating into 10 μm (fine dust) and 2.5 μm (ultrafine dust), each amount could be measured.

However, an improvement in the present invention is to measure the dust discharged from a chimney that discharges exhaust gas from a factory or a power plant for each particle size of the dust.

As described above, measuring dust in the atmosphere is relatively very easy because the flow of the atmosphere is weak. In general, the exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney at a speed of 10 m/s, and the speed is changed according to the operating condition of the plant or power plant, and the change range is also very large compared to the change in the speed of air in the atmosphere.

As shown in Fig. 3, dust particles collide with the impact plate (shock plate) at a constant speed, so that large particles (heavy ones) hit the partition wall of the impact plate and remain on the impact plate, and small dust particles collide with the impact plate. It bounces up and exits above the impact plate and moves downward, and only dust having a certain particle diameter moves downward and separates. Referring to FIG. 4, it can be seen that particles of a certain size or less escape from the impact plate (impact plate) by the flow of dust particles and air. Therefore, the flow of air is very important in the impact plate type particle size separation device. Therefore, all impact plate type particle size separation devices have a fixed flow rate per minute.

Therefore, in order to use an impact-type particle size separation device capable of classifying dust by particle size for measuring the dust of a chimney, it is important to supply a flow rate suitable for the flow rate per minute of the impact-type particle size separation device.

However, unlike measuring dust particles in the atmosphere, in order to measure dust particles contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney, the particle diameter of the impact plate method is irrespective of the discharge pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney that changes over time. The hourly supply of exhaust gas supplied to the separation device should be kept constant.

In addition, the concentration of particles contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney does not change, and must be supplied to the impact plate type particle size separation device.

In general, when measuring the total dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney, the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney is simply controlled equally to the pressure of the measurement gas flow path and the pressure of the chimney from which the exhaust gas is discharged. The concentration of dust in the water could be measured.

However, the present invention has to undergo a process of separating the dust contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney according to the size thereof. In general, the system as shown in FIG. 7 for measuring the dust of the chimney regardless of the size of the dust particles There is a difference.

The system of Fig. 7 measures the pressure of the chimney at the front end of the discharge part of the chimney, and the pressure of the sample gas flowing into the dust meter is measured to keep the two constant, and the amount of dust contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney is light scattered. It is measured by method or beta ray measurement method.

The present invention is to further improve the invention described in FIG. 7 to measure the amount of dust for each particle size, and to solve the problem, including the following configuration.

In order to use the collision type particle size analyzer shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the minute flow rate set for each particle size analyzer specification must be accurately matched. As described above, when measuring dust particles in the atmosphere, a suction type air pump provided at the outlet side of the flow through the collision type input analyzer is provided to adjust the inflow amount of air flowing into the collision type particle size analyzer.

By the way, the present invention is to measure the dust contained in the exhaust gas of the chimney, the movement speed of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney is generally 5 to 15 m/s.

In addition, the speed of gas flowing into the collision type particle size dispenser is set to 16.67 l/min, and some specially set to 5 l/min for small measuring devices.

As an example, when the diameter of the sampling pipe is 2.54 cm (1 inch) and the average flow velocity of the exhaust gas is 10 m/s, the flow rate is about 303.87 litter/min. Is calculated as When the exhaust gas flow rate is 5 m/s, about 152 litter/min. And, when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is 15 m/s, it is calculated as about 456 litter/min.

Therefore, there is a big difference from 16.67 litter/min. required by a commonly used collision type particle size analyzer, making it difficult to directly connect and use. In addition, it is difficult to use directly due to the high flow rate.

An object of the present invention is to provide a chimney dust measuring device having an expansion pipe having an area ratio of 1:1 to 1:50 according to the flow velocity of the chimney in order to solve the above problems.

Fig. 8 shows the configuration of the expansion pipe used in the present invention. With this configuration, by lowering the flow rate and flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney, the impact-type particle size analyzer is installed to measure the amount of dust for each particle size.

As another example, the system can be configured with a sampling pipe diameter of 1.27 cm (0.5 inch).

The overall measurement system including the chimney dust measurement and particle size analyzer for each dust size of the present invention will be described as follows.

As shown in FIG. 9, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in the chimney introduced from the front end of the gas discharge part of the chimney is measured. This measures the flow velocity in the chimney by using a pressure difference between the measuring pipe 430 measuring dynamic pressure and the measuring pipe 440 measuring static pressure.

In addition, the sample gas for measuring the dust of the chimney by particle size is introduced into the gas inlet 310 and is measured by differential pressure using a venturi tube and pressure sensors 420 and 420.

The pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney is lowered in the expansion and gas separation unit 300 so that the exhaust gas can be supplied to the particle size separation and particle size dust measuring device 210 at a constant flow rate.

For this purpose, the front end of the expansion pipe and the gas separation unit 300 is connected to the gas inlet, and the rear end discharges the measurement gas branch pipe 350 through which the exhaust gas moves in a certain amount and the exhaust gas not used for measurement back to the chimney. It consists of a discharge portion branch pipe 340.

The rear end of the measuring gas branch pipe 350 is connected to the particle size separation and particle size-specific dust measuring device 210, and the rear end of the particle size-specific dust measuring device 210 is connected to the air blowing unit 240, and the amount of air discharged The air supply nozzle 1 230 and the pneumatic pump 1 220 on the exhaust gas pipe connected to the air blowing unit 240 in order to adjust the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the measurement gas branch pipe 350. ) Is provided.

In addition, the discharge sub-branch pipe 340 is connected to the gas discharge unit 320 by a pipe, and includes an air supply nozzle 2 370 and an air supply pump 2 360 on the pipe, and exhaust gas discharged to the 320 The dynamic pressure of the chimney is controlled to be the same as the pressure measured by the dynamic pressure measurement sensor.

The pneumatic pumps 1 and 2, the chimney dynamic pressure measurement sensor, the chimney flow measurement sensor, the differential pressure measurement 1 and 2, and the particle size separation and particle size dust measurement devices are measured and controlled by the controller 400 and the measurement result can be transmitted to the outside. Of course, it is possible to control by providing a separate controller and transmit only the measurement result.

In particular, the expansion part should be designed according to the flow rate of the chimney and the flow rate per minute of the collision type particle size separation device used, and preferably, the flow rate per minute of the collision type particle size separation device is higher at the maximum exhaust gas velocity discharged from the chimney. Small is better for control. That is, in order to control the flow rate passing through the collision type particle size separation device by adjusting the amount of air supplied to the pneumatic pump 1 and the air supply nozzle 1 provided at the rear end of the particle size separation unit 200 of the present invention, the flow rate of the expansion unit This is because it can be controlled only when the flow rate is smaller than the use flow rate of the collision type particle size separation device. To this end, the size of the expansion part may be changed, and in some cases, a design in which the size of the gas inlet must be adjusted will also be required.

A feature of the present invention is to measure the amount of dust contained in the exhaust gas by particle diameter in real time, by maintaining the pressure of the dust measuring device in the same way as the pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney. In order to sample the dust measurement sample without a change in concentration, the pressure of the dust measurement flow path is maintained equal to the pressure of the chimney so that the exhaust gas can be sampled at the same pressure as the pressure of the chimney.

Another feature of the present invention is that a fluid having a constant flow rate and a flow rate must always pass through the collision-type particle diameter meter, so it has a configuration that controls it, and the exhaust gas of a relatively high pressure compared to the atmosphere, such as a chimney, is sampled. Therefore, it was possible to use a collision type particle size separator by adding a configuration such as an expansion part to lower the pressure thereof. In addition, the gas inlet pipe, the expansion pipe, the measuring gas branch pipe 350 and the discharge part branch pipe so that dust contained in the exhaust gas does not accumulate inside the gas inlet pipe, the expansion pipe, the measurement gas branch pipe 350 and the discharge part branch pipe. It features a low friction coating inside. The low friction coating may be a ceramic coating. In addition, when the expansion pipe is heated from the outside, water vapor is not generated on the inner wall of the expansion pipe, and adhesion of dust or the like due to the generation of water vapor can be prevented. To this end, a planar heating element is provided on the outside of the expansion part to maintain the temperature of the inner wall of the expansion part around 100°C, thereby configuring a system capable of measuring more precise fine dust.

In addition, in order to prevent contamination of the collision-type particle size measuring device of the present invention in abnormal operation conditions such as cleaning of a chimney or inspection of equipment, a scattered light-type dust measuring device (not shown) is provided in the gas inlet 310, and the gas inlet is provided. A gas inlet plug (not shown) may be further provided. By doing this, it is possible to protect the equipment so that it can accurately measure by blocking abnormal dust entering the measuring device in the presence of abnormally large amounts of dust.

The configuration of this invention is as follows.

In order to measure the exhaust gas of the chimney by particle size, the area ratio of the gas inlet 310 and the expansion pipe 330 is 1: in order to reduce the velocity of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney within the flow velocity range of the collision type particle size separation device. It provides an exhaust gas particle size separation device of a chimney having an expansion unit 300, characterized in that 1 ~ 1:50.

In addition, in order to measure the exhaust gas of the chimney by particle size, the area ratio of the gas inlet 310 and the expansion pipe 330 to reduce the velocity of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney within the flow velocity range of the collision type particle size separation device 1:1 to 1:50 expansion unit 300; And

Characterized in that the rear end of the expansion unit 300 includes a measurement gas branch pipe 350 connected to the collision type particle diameter separation unit 215 and a discharge partial branch pipe 340 for discharging exhaust gas not used for measurement It provides a particle size separation device for the exhaust gas of the chimney.

In addition, in the flue gas particle size measuring apparatus of the present invention, a chimney dynamic pressure measurement tube 430 and a chimney static pressure measurement tube 440 for measuring the flow rate using the pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the front end of the gas discharge part of the chimney And an exhaust gas inlet 310 for measuring the dust of the chimney by particle diameter, a pressure sensor connected between the exhaust gas inlet and the expansion unit 300, and a measurement gas in which exhaust gas moves in a certain amount to the rear end of the expansion unit A branch pipe 350 and a discharge partial branch pipe 340 for discharging excess exhaust gas not used for measurement back to the chimney; And the rear end of the measurement gas branch pipe 350 is connected to the particle size separation and dust measurement device 210 for each particle size, and the rear end of the particle size dust measurement device 210 is connected to the air discharge unit 240 and Air supply nozzle 1 230 and pneumatic pressure on the exhaust gas pipe connected to the air outlet 240 in order to constantly adjust the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the measurement gas branch pipe 350 by adjusting the amount. Pump 1 (220) is provided, and the discharge portion branch pipe (340) is connected to the gas discharge unit (320) by a pipe, and includes an air supply nozzle (370) and an air supply pump (360) above the pipe. Thus, it provides a flue gas particle diameter measuring apparatus, characterized in that the control so that the velocity of the exhaust gas in the chimney and the flow velocity flowing into the gas inlet 310 are the same.

In addition, the gas inlet 310 is provided with a heating unit outside the pipe to which the gas inlet is connected to reduce the influence of the moisture of the inflowing exhaust gas, so that moisture and dust contained in the exhaust gas can be removed from the gas inlet. It provides a particle size measuring device for flue gas, characterized in that it does not stick to the connected pipe.

200: particle diameter measurement unit
210: particle size separation and particle size measurement device
220: pneumatic pump 1
230: air supply nozzle 1
240: air outlet
300: Expansion and gas separation unit
310: gas inlet
320: gas discharge unit
330: expansion pipe
340: discharge part branch pipe
350: measuring gas branch pipe
360: pneumatic pump 2
370: Air supply nozzle 2
400: controller
410: differential pressure measurement 1
420: differential pressure measurement 2
430: chimney dynamic pressure measuring tube
440: chimney static pressure measuring tube

Claims (4)

In order to measure the exhaust gas of the chimney by particle size, the area ratio of the gas inlet 310 and the expansion pipe 330 is 1:1 in order to reduce the velocity of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney within the flow velocity range of the collision type particle size separation device. To 1:50 exhaust gas particle size separation device of the chimney provided with an expansion portion (300), characterized in that. In order to measure the exhaust gas of the chimney by particle size, the area ratio of the gas inlet 310 and the expansion pipe 330 is 1: in order to reduce the velocity of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney within the flow velocity range of the collision type particle size separation device. Expansion unit 300 of 1 to 1:50; And
Characterized in that the rear end of the expansion unit 300 includes a measurement gas branch pipe 350 connected to the collision type particle diameter separation unit 215 and a discharge partial branch pipe 340 for discharging exhaust gas not used for measurement The particle size separation device of the exhaust gas of the chimney. In the flue gas particle diameter measurement device,
Between the flue gas flow rate sensor unit and the chimney, the flue gas flow rate sensor unit measures the flow rate by using a pressure difference between the measurement tube 430 measuring the dynamic pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the front end of the gas discharge unit of the chimney and the measurement tube 440 measuring the static pressure. An exhaust gas inlet 310 for measuring dust by particle size, and a pressure sensor connected between the exhaust gas inlet and the expansion part 300, and
A measurement gas branch pipe 350 through which the exhaust gas moves in a predetermined amount at the rear end of the expansion part and a discharge partial branch pipe 340 which discharges excess exhaust gas not used for measurement back to the chimney; And the rear end of the measurement gas branch pipe 350 is connected to the particle size separation and dust measurement device 210 for each particle size, and the rear end of the particle size dust measurement device 210 is connected to the air discharge unit 240 and Air supply nozzle 1 230 and pneumatic pressure on the exhaust gas pipe connected to the air outlet 240 in order to constantly adjust the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the measurement gas branch pipe 350 by adjusting the amount. Pump 1 (220) is provided,
The discharge sub-branch pipe 340 is connected to the gas discharge part 320 by a pipe, and includes an air supply nozzle 2 370 and an air supply pump 2 360 in the upper part of the pipe. A flue gas particle diameter measuring device, characterized in that controlling the flow velocity flowing into the gas inlet 310 to be the same. The method of claim 3,
The gas inlet 310 is provided with a heating unit outside the pipe to which the gas inlet is connected to reduce the influence of the moisture of the inflowing exhaust gas, so that moisture and dust contained in the exhaust gas are connected to the gas inlet. Chimney exhaust gas particle size measurement device, characterized in that to prevent sticking to.

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