KR20200082270A - A feedstuff additive including amino-acid using butchery blood for pig - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed additive for pigs comprising high purity amino acids obtained from slaughter waste blood. The present invention includes amorphous amino acids obtained by fermenting waste blood and converting proteins contained in the waste blood into amino acids, thereby promoting growth of pigs and enhancing immune function.

Description

Pig feed additive containing high purity amino acids obtained from slaughtered lung blood {A FEEDSTUFF ADDITIVE INCLUDING AMINO-ACID USING BUTCHERY BLOOD FOR PIG}

The present invention relates to a pig feed additive comprising high-purity amino acids capable of promoting pig growth and enhancing immune function.

In the past, domestic eating habits were based on grain and vegetarian diets, but meat consumption has been increasing due to the westernization of eating habits in recent years. Accordingly, the number of animals slaughtered was about 1,041,850 cows in 2014 and about 15,686,440 pigs in 2014, an increase of 1.8 times in cattle and 1.07 times in pigs compared to 10 years ago. In general, beef and pork are used as food for lean meats such as sirloin and tenderloin, and by-products including internal organs such as liver, lungs, salt pain, large intestine, and makchang, and leather is used industrially.

However, blood produced during the slaughter process is manufactured in some order or order, but most of it is being discarded. Blood that is bleeded during the slaughter process is treated as waste water, causing many economic losses due to the treatment of many waste water. The average amount of bleeding per animal is 15 L of cows and 3 L of pigs, and the total annual bleeding amount is about 6 tons, which is regarded as one of the main factors deteriorating the water quality (Stampf, G. et al., Experimental production of tablets from lyophilized lactobact, a preparation containing cultures of various Lactobacillus strains, Acta Pharm.Hung,, 56, P3-7, 1986).

As consumption of meat increases due to changes in eating habits, and the amount of slaughter increases, the amount of blood generated during slaughter also increases, so it is judged that the economic and environmental problems caused by these lung blood will become more serious.

Meanwhile, the composition of animal blood contains minerals such as 75-80% moisture, 13-17% protein, iron and potassium, and livestock blood is divided into plasma and blood cells, and albumin (albumin) and globulin (globulin) ) Is present in 6 to 8%, and the blood cell contains more than 28% of protein, mainly composed of globin, so that the blood itself is a high concentration protein solution (Park, HK et al., The past and present of meat utilization, In, The Science and Utilization of Meat, Swon-Jin Publishers, Seoul, P24-25, 1994). In order to utilize the protein of the discarded blood, several studies such as protein feed manufacturing method and separation and purification for blood material development have been conducted.However, in Korea, commercialization and industrial utilization are insignificant, and the utilization method of waste blood generated during the slaughter process Development and commercialization studies are urgently required (Hald-Christensen, V. et al., Method for preparing a food material from blood., US patent 4,262,022, 1979).

Protein (Protein) is a component of the body, largely divided into animal protein and vegetable protein according to the source, animal protein has fish and meat, and vegetable protein includes legumes and grains. Plant proteins have incomplete protein foods due to the presence of restricted amino acids such as lysine and methionine, but animal protein contains all the essential amino acids, so it is nutritionally superior. In the case of protein, it takes 3~4 hours to decompose and absorb through the stomach and small intestine as an amino acid that is a component of protein in the metabolic process, but when directly ingested in the form of amino acid, which is the form of the final metabolite, it is absorbed within 30 minutes. With the advantage of being used quickly, the amount of amino acids used for oral or parenteral use is increasing.

Methods for preparing amino acids from proteins for the development of amino acid agents include chemical decomposition methods using strong acids or strong alkalis, and enzymatic decomposition methods hydrolyzed with natural degrading enzymes separated from microorganisms. In the case of the chemical decomposition method, there is a problem in that amino acid functions such as free amino acid and residual ion chelation, destruction of the cyclic amino acid proline are insufficient, and salt occurs during the decomposition process, but the amino acid can be produced by enzymatic decomposition. In this case, the conversion rate to amino acids is high, and it has the advantage of maximizing the function of amino acids by preserving the intrinsic active function of each type of amino acid. Also, it is recently used in the development and production of amino acid agents in an eco-friendly way without using acids and alkalis. . In Korea, research and development have been conducted such as a method of separating amino acid/oligopeptide by participating in proteolytic enzymes from animal clotting blood, and a method of recovering immune proteins that produce large quantities of immunoglobulin from livestock blood. Research and development on the efficient use of generated blood is insufficient (Chang KH et al., Production of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides from Bovine Blood Plasma Proteins, Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng, 14(5), P600- 605, 1999).

Therefore, it is required to increase blood amino acid content and study industrial utilization plan using eco-friendly processing method for efficient utilization of blood.

As a prior art using animal blood, a method for preparing liquid fertilizer using animal blood has been disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1264876, and a high-quality amino acid solution is used using a slaughtered animal's lung blood treatment system and slaughtered animal's lung blood. The production method was disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0935020. In addition, a high concentration amino acid composition using animal lung blood and a method of manufacturing the same have been disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1390516.

Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-1264876 Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-0935020 Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-1390516

It is an object of the present invention to provide a pig feed additive comprising high-purity amino acids capable of promoting pig growth and enhancing immune function.

The pig feed additive of the present invention for achieving the above object may include an amorphous amino acid that fertilizes waste blood and converts the protein contained in the blood into amino acids.

The feed additive may include (A) converting the protein contained in the lung blood into amino acids by fermenting the waste blood with a fermentation agent; (B) evaporating the amino acid contained in the fermented lung blood into an amorphous lump having a plurality of pores by spraying hot steam to the fermented lung blood; (C) separating residual moisture from the boiled amorphous amino acid mass; And (D) drying the mass of the amorphous amino acid from which the moisture has been removed using hot air and microwaves.

The feed additive may be contained in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by weight.

The pig may be weaned pig or raised pig.

The pig feed additive of the present invention promotes the growth of pigs and improves the immune function by using high-concentration amino acids obtained from high-quality protein in lung blood generated after slaughtering livestock.

In addition, the present invention has an excellent effect that can reduce the burden of water pollution and treatment costs due to livestock waste.

The present invention relates to a pig feed additive comprising high-purity amino acids capable of promoting pig growth and enhancing immune function.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The pig feed additive of the present invention contains high purity amino acids obtained from slaughtered lung blood.

Specifically, the pig feed additive of the present invention comprises the steps of (A) converting the protein contained in the lung blood into amino acids by fermenting the waste blood with a fermentation agent; (B) evaporating the amino acid contained in the fermented lung blood into an amorphous lump having a plurality of pores by spraying hot steam to the fermented lung blood; (C) separating residual moisture from the boiled amorphous amino acid mass; And (D) drying the mass of the amorphous amino acid from which the moisture has been removed using hot air and microwaves.

First, in step (A), the waste blood is fermented with a fermentation agent to convert the protein contained in the blood into amino acids.

Proteins contained in the lung blood are amino acids by collecting the lung blood generated when slaughtering animals such as pigs and cows and stirring at 30 to 40 rpm while adding a fermenting agent and heating at 50 to 60° C. for 1 to 3 hours. Switch to

The fermentation agent is not particularly limited as long as it can convert amino acids into proteins in the lung blood, but may preferably be a protease.

In addition, the fermentation agent is contained in 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of lung blood. If the content of the fermentation agent is less than the lower limit, proteins in the lung blood may not be able to convert amino acids, and if it exceeds the upper limit, a large amount of other substances besides the amino acid may be generated.

In addition, when the heating temperature and time are out of the above range, proteins in the lung blood may not be able to convert amino acids, and the amount of condensate in the lung blood is increased in the steaming step, and the residual moisture is separated in the subsequent dehydration step. Can not reduce the load due to dehydration.

Next, in step (B), the fermented lung blood is sprayed with high-temperature steam to vaporize the amino acids contained in the fermented lung blood into an amorphous lump having a plurality of pores.

In the steaming step, by directly spraying the fermented waste blood with steam at 75 to 95° C. for 2 to 5 hours while stirring at 5 to 10 rpm at 60° C., where the lung blood fermented in the fermentation step starts to solidify into coagulation blood, the All the amino acids contained in the fermented lung blood are boiled to agglomerate in an irregular lump form. The boiled amorphous amino acid masses have the shape of crushed stone with large pores so that residual moisture contained therein can escape, have a good water content of about 85%, and then use a natural dehydration method such as a slant screen in the dehydration step. The residual moisture can be easily separated through.

Particularly, in the steaming step of the present invention, the particle size of the amorphous amino acid masses steamed by the stirring speed or the like is determined, and conditions such as the stirring speed are very important because the dehydration efficiency varies significantly depending on the particle size of the amorphous amino acid masses.

Next, in step (C), residual moisture is separated from the boiled amorphous amino acid mass.

The boiled amorphous amino acid lump has a particle size of about 10 to 100 mm through primary dehydration dehydrated using a sieve plate, and has a water content of 55% to 65% through secondary dehydration dehydrated using a screw press. . When the water content is satisfied, the amorphous amino acid lump can be produced in granular or pellet form in the form of granules during molding.

The dehydrated amorphous amino acid mass may be press-molded in a granular or pelletized granular state. The shaped granular amino acids have a diameter of 1 to 5 mm.

Next, in step (D), the lump of amorphous amino acid from which the moisture is removed is dried using hot air and microwaves.

The amorphous amino acid mass from which the moisture is removed is subjected to primary drying to dry the surface through hot air drying, followed by secondary drying to dry the interior through microwaves. The microwave is preferably a frequency of 3 to 300 GHz and a wavelength of 1 to 100 mm so that sterilization can be performed while drying the inside of the amorphous amino acid mass.

The amorphous amino acid mass irradiated with microwaves is heated to 120 to 135°C from the inside of the volume heating characteristics of microwaves, and as internal moisture evaporates, cracks are formed on the dried surface due to the evaporation pressure of internal moisture. As the evaporated water vapor escapes, sterilization and drying are simultaneously performed.

It is preferable that the moisture content of the amorphous amino acid mass dried in the drying step is maintained at 12% or less.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment is provided to help the understanding of the present invention, but the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible within the scope and technical scope of the present invention. It is no wonder that such variations and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Example 1. Preparation of feed additives

100 parts by weight of the lung blood was stirred at 40 rpm, and 2 parts by weight of protease was added, followed by heating at 55° C. for 2 hours, followed by stirring the fermented waste blood at 60° C. at 8 rpm for 90° C. steam for 4 hours. Direct spray to steam. After dehydrating the boiled amorphous amino acid mass so that the water content becomes 55%, hot air drying is performed at 70° C. for 1 hour, and then the water content is less than 12% through a microwave having a frequency of 150 GHz and a wavelength of 60 mm. Dry as much as possible to prepare feed additives.

The components of the feed additives prepared according to Example 1 are shown in Table 1 below.

Ingredients % Amino acid %
Moisture
3.79
Glutamine
8.875
Crude protein
93.37
Glycine
3.787
Ether extract
0.84
Alanine
6.602
Crude fiber
0.39
Valine
6.483
Gross energy(kcal /kg)
5374.0
Isoleucine
0.835
Calcium (mg/kg)
406.63
Leucine
11.654
Phosphorous (mg/kg)
1676.12
Tyrosine
2.100
Cysteine
1.041
Phenylalanine
6.219
Methionine
0.458
Lysine
7.313
Aspartate
10.576
Histamine
5.703
Threonine
3.407
Arginine
3.809
Serine
4.565
Proline
2.674

< Test example >

Weaning money

Weaned pigs were adjusted for 5 days in a breeding facility where temperature and humidity were controlled, and then breeding was conducted for 4 weeks. The test design was a test sphere in which the feed additives of Example 1 were added at 0.1% by weight, 0.5% by weight, and 1% by weight to the general commercial feed, and 4 animals were raised for each treatment.

The test feed was fed in a fixed amount in the form of powder, and the water was adjusted to be free to eat using an automatic water dispenser. The total lighting time was adjusted to be 17 hours per day. The experimental animal was approved by Hankyung University for animal care management and procedures.

-A total of three groups of reason pigs-

Group 1: Feed + 0.1% by weight of feed additive of Example 1

Group 2: Feed + 0.5% by weight of feed additive of Example 1

Group 3: Feed + 1% by weight of feed additive of Example 1

Test Example 1. Biochemical analysis using weaned pig serum

After completion of the test, blood samples were collected, and the plasma samples were centrifuged at 5000 xg at 4°C for 15 minutes, and then stored at -70°C until further analysis was performed.

Measure plasma biochemical parameters according to AOAC (1990), such as glucose, total cholesterol, total bilirubin, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), urea nitrogen (BUN), and pyraluminate transaminase glutamate (GPT). To evaluate the immune function of broilers.

Plasma biochemical levels were evaluated using an automated biochemical analyzer, Spotchem EZ SP-4430.

division Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Normal range Glucose 125±41.6 114±11.1 99±7.2 85-150mg/dl Total cholesterol 92.67±8.1 94.67±15.6 100±9.2 28-48mg/dl BUN 6.67±1.52 5.66±0.57 5±0.0 10-30mg/dl Total bilirubin 0.36±0.1 0.5±0.3 0.76±0.37 0-10mg/dl GOT 40.67±9.8ab 28.33±5.7a 73±19.9b 32-84U/l GPT 38.67±7.8 33±9.0 46.33±7.8 31-58I/I

As shown in Table 2 above, the first to third groups fed sample additives prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention were glucose, total bilirubin, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), pyruvate glutamate It was confirmed that the range required by sant aminase (GPT) was satisfied.

Test Example 2. Confirmation of immune function according to the period of feeding of weaned pigs

Plasma was obtained in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and plasma level inflammation markers (IgA (CSBE11232Ch), IL-6 (CSB-E08549Ch), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α (CSBE11231Ch) and interferon (IFN)γ( CSB-E08550Ch) and muscle development indicator insulin (IGF-1) (CSB-E09867Ch) were evaluated by ELISA kit (Cusabio Biotech Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China). In addition, IgG (LS-F4752) was purchased from LifeSpan BioSciences, Inc., Seattle, WA, USA.

Week Treatment IgG (g/ml) IgA
(ng/ml) IL-2 (pg/ml) IL-6
(pg/ml) IFN
(pg/ml) TNF (pg/ml) IGF-1 (ng/ml) 2 Group 1 0.2±0.3 7.24±0.2b 6.26±0.2b 1±0.0 65.65 ±2.6b 2.02±0.7 1.13±0.5b Group 2 0.21±0.2 6.82±0.4ab 5.38±0.3ab 1±0.0 63.57±4.8b 2.33±0.5 0.82±0.5s Group 3 0.18±0.4 6.27±0.5a 5.24±0.7a 1±0.0 35.81±8.43a 1.99±0.3 1.23±0.0s

Week Treatment IgG (g/ml) IgA
(ng/ml) IL-2 (pg/ml) IL-6
(pg/ml) IFN
(pg/ml) TNF (pg/ml) 4 Group 1 4.59±0.1 7.16±0.8b 5.5±0.3 29.41±3.7b 4.87±0.5 1.14±0.4a Group 2 4.52±0.4 6.53±0.5ab 5.38±0.3 21.3±6.4ab 4.77±0.4 1.28±0.1b Group 3 0.54±0.5 6.4±0.3a 5.25±0.2 14.37±2.9a 4.58±0.1 1.28±0.1b

As shown in Tables 3 and 4 above, the first to third groups fed the sample additives prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention continuously increased the IgG and IFN-γ, and IgA And TNFα was similar, and IL-2 and IL-6 were confirmed to decrease.

Test Example 3. Measurement of weaning pig growth

The growth of weaned pigs was confirmed after the test was completed.

Division (kg) Initial weight Final weight Average Daily Gain Average Daily Feed Intake Feed efficiency (gain/feed) Group 1 8.75±0.4 26.15±1.0 0.65±0.03 ^ab 1.11±0.005 0.58±0.022 ^a Group 2 8.76±0.7 26.3±2.5 0.63±0.6 ^a 1.09±0.028 0.59±0.051 ^ab Group 3 9±0.5 28.25±1.5 0.71±0.4 ^b 1.07±0.52 0.66±0.047 ^b

As shown in Table 5 above, the first to third groups fed the sample additives prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention were confirmed to have gained weight, and the third group was confirmed to have the best feed efficiency. .

Test Example 4. Physiological examination of weaned pig

After the test was completed, a physiological examination of weaned piglets was performed.

division Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Remarks Respiratory No abnormality detected No Rapid or exaggerated breathing sound, coughing, open mouth breathing. No ocular or nasal discharges Neurological No abnormality detected Neurological signs like in-coordination, ataxia, tremor were not observed Musculoskeletal No abnormality detected No signs of lameness, swelling or distention of joints and digits. Digestive No abnormality detected Signs of digestive disorder like diarrhea, dysentery or feces with abnormal odor /color were not detected Integumentary No Abnormality detected No signs of pruritus, skin discoloration or lesions in skin and hoof.

As shown in Table 6 above, it was confirmed that the first to third groups fed the sample additives prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention had no abnormalities in the respiratory system, neurology, musculoskeletal system, digestive system, and integument.

Upbringing money

The breeding money was adapted for 5 days in a breeding facility where temperature and humidity were controlled, and then a breeding test was conducted for 6 weeks. The test design was a control group (CON) fed with a general commercial feed and a test additive in which the feed additive of Example 1 was added at 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, and 0.5 wt% to the general commercial feed, and four were raised for each treatment.

The test feed was fed in a fixed amount in the form of powder, and the water was adjusted to be free to eat using an automatic water dispenser. The total lighting time was adjusted to be 17 hours per day. The experimental animal was approved by Hankyung University for animal care management and procedures.

-Four groups of foster money-

Group 4: feed

Group 5: feed + 0.1% by weight of feed additive of Example 1

Group 6: Feed + 0.5% by weight of feed additive of Example 1

Group 7: Feed + 1% by weight of feed additive of Example 1

Test Example 5. Biochemical analysis using broth pig serum

It was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1.

division
Group 4
Group 5
Group 6
District 7 Normal range* Glucose 105.00±4.03b 107.00±9.93b 99.00±7.70b 9.25±3.7a 85-150mg/dl Total cholesterol 108.00±5.71a 121.25±2.98b 111.00±7.95a 107.25±3.3a 28-48mg/dl BUN 11.20±0.83b 11.40±1.51b 11.20±0.83b 9.40±0.54a 10-30mg/dl Total bilirubin 0.37±0.20 0.22±0.95 0.40±0.35 0.44±0.34 0-10mg/dl GOT 30.25±9.94 29.25±6.13 28.25±9.14 37.33±5.03 32-84U/l GPT 39.00±5.35 36.50±4.50 32.66±3.21 35.25±3.30 31-58I/I

As shown in Table 7 above, the fifth to seventh groups fed sample additives prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention were glucose, urea nitrogen (BUN), total bilirubin, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase ( GOT), it was confirmed that it satisfies the range required by pyruvate glutamate (GPT).

Test Example 6. Confirmation of the immune function of the growing pig

It was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 2.

division IFN (pg/ml) IGF
(ng/ml) IgG (g/ml) IL-6 (pg/ml) TNF
(ng/ml) Group 4 0.13±0.001 0.013±0.001 0.20±0.041 0.15±0.004a 0.14±0.013 Group 5 0.13±0.004 0.014±0.001 0.21±0.041 0.15±0.011a 0.14±0.007 Group 6 0.13±0.003 0.018±0.009 0.19±0.012 0.15±0.004a 0.14±0.007 District 7 0.13±0.001 0.017±0.005 0.20±0.024 0.18±0.005b 0.14±0.016

As shown in Table 8 above, it was confirmed that the Groups 5 to 7 fed the sample additives prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention had increased IGF compared to the 4th group. In addition, it was confirmed that IFN-γ, IL-6 and TNFα were similar in all of the fourth to seventh groups.

Test Example 7. Measurement of growth of upbringing money

It was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 3.

division Initial weight (kg) Final weight (kg) Weight gain
(kg) Average Daily Gain
(kg) Average Daily Feed Intake (kg) Feed efficiency (gain/feed) Group 4 26.92±1.71 47.00±3.25 20.07±1.83a 1.00±0.091a 2.20±0.14a 0.436±0.015a Group 5 26.50±2.77 47.25±3.94 20.75±1.63b 1.03±0.081b 2.22±0.07a 0.459±0.036ab Group 6 27.14±4.20 48.64±6.70 21.50±3.71bc 1.075±0.180bc 2.25±0.14a 0.461±0.028ab District 7 26.85±4.52 50.92±7.04 24.07±3.03c 1.020±0.150c 2.55±0.17b 0.472±0.017b

As shown in Table 9 above, the fifth to seventh groups fed the sample additives prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention had significantly increased weight compared to the fourth group, and confirmed that the feed efficiency was the best. .

Test Example 8. Physiological examination of upbringing money

It was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 4 above.

division Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 District 7 Remarks Respiratory No abnormality detected No Rapid or exaggerated breathing sound, coughing, open mouth breathing. No ocular or nasal discharges Neurological No abnormality detected Neurological signs like in-coordination, ataxia, tremor were not observed Musculoskeletal No abnormality detected No signs of lameness, swelling or distention of joints and digits. Digestive No abnormality detected digestive disorder like diarrhea, dysentery or feces with abnormal odor/color were not detected Integumentary No abnormality detected No signs of pruritus, skin discoloration or lesions in skin and hoof.

As shown in Table 9 above, all of the 5th to 7th groups and the 4th group of the control group fed the sample additive prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention had no abnormalities in the respiratory system, neurology, musculoskeletal system, digestive system and integument. Was confirmed.

Claims (1)

Pig feed additive comprising an amorphous amino acid that fertilizes the lung blood and converts the protein contained in the lung blood into amino acids.