KR20200077794A - Panel with phase change material and cooling and heating system using it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a PCM panel and a building cooling and heating system using the same and, more specifically, to a PCM panel and a building cooling and heating system using the same, which can reduce cooling and heating costs for a building by using latent heat of a phase change material, and can implement effective cooling and heating while preventing solidification of the phase change material due to a sudden rise or drop in temperature. The PCM panel according to the present invention comprises: a PCM absorbing member in which a control line receiving groove is formed in a panel-shaped body and a PCM material is embedded; a sealing sheet accommodating and sealing the PCM absorbing member; a PCM control line installed on the sealing sheet to be inserted into the control line receiving groove; and an insulation sheet having the PCM control line seated on an upper surface thereof, and coupled to the sealing sheet.

Description

PMS panel and building air-conditioning and cooling system{PANEL WITH PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL AND COOLING AND HEATING SYSTEM USING IT}

The present invention relates to a PCM panel and a heating and cooling system for a building using the same, and more specifically, it is possible to reduce the heating and cooling cost of the building by using latent heat of the phase change material, and to solidify the phase change material according to a sudden drop in temperature. It relates to a PCM panel that can implement effective air conditioning and heating while preventing the air conditioning and cooling system of buildings using the same.

In modern society, energy use is rapidly increasing, and research on various insulation materials to solve both energy and environmental problems at the same time is being conducted due to exhaustion of fossil energy and environmental pollution caused by the use of fossil energy.

Insulating materials such as mineral wool and polyurethane have traditionally been used as insulation materials to save energy in buildings. Recently, VIP (Vacuum Insulation Panel) and aerogels have attracted attention, and VIM (Vacuum Insulation Material) and DIM (Dynamic Insulation Material) ) Etc. are being studied.

In recent years, research has been conducted using a new heat transfer medium having a high heat capacity in order to maximize energy efficiency, and in particular, research on a latent heat storage method using a phase change material has been conducted.

A phase change material (PCM) refers to a material capable of absorbing or releasing a lot of heat as the phase changes from solid to liquid, or from liquid to gas, or vice versa, without temperature change at a specific temperature. By applying the panel filled with these phase change materials to the walls, ceilings, and floors of buildings, it is possible to alleviate rapid changes in room temperature by the heat storage function that absorbs the thermal changes in the room due to latent heat of the phase change materials. Savings can be achieved.

The latent heat storage method, which is a method of storing thermal energy using latent heat, can store a large amount of heat per unit volume or per unit weight.

However, in the heat storage method using latent heat, the phase change material usually has a melting temperature of -40°C to 80°C, and it is difficult to apply to real life by molding processing due to the outflow of the phase change material due to liquefaction according to the temperature change. have.

Recently, PCM panels in the form of panels containing phase change materials have been developed, and a method of installing them on the roof or exterior walls of buildings has been attempted.However, in areas such as Korea where the temperature drops rapidly during the winter, phase change materials are solidified to prevent The function cannot be performed, but rather, the heating efficiency is reduced as the cool air is discharged into the room, so that practical application is impossible.

Accordingly, there is a need to develop a PCM panel capable of realizing effective air conditioning and heating while preventing solidification of phase change materials even in winter, and a heating and cooling system of a building using the same.

Japanese Patent JP6093021B "Latent heat storage floor structure" Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0084419 "Heat exchange system for buildings that use latent heat and solar heat of phase change materials"

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, it is possible to reduce the cooling and heating cost of the building by using the latent heat of the phase change material, and to implement effective heating and cooling while preventing solidification of the phase change material due to the sudden drop in temperature. The aim is to provide a heating and cooling system for a PCM panel and a building using the same.

In order to achieve the above object, the PCM panel according to the present invention includes a PCM absorbing member in which the control line accommodation groove is formed in the panel-shaped body and the PCM material is embedded in the PCM panel; A sealing sheet for receiving and sealing the PCM absorbing member; A PCM control line installed on the sealing sheet to be inserted into the control line receiving groove; And it characterized in that it comprises an insulating sheet that is seated on the upper PCM control line and coupled to the sealing sheet.

In order to achieve the above object, the PCM panel according to the present invention includes a PCM absorbing member in which the control line accommodation groove is formed in the panel-shaped body and the PCM material is embedded in the PCM panel; A sealing sheet for receiving and sealing the PCM absorbing member; A PCM control line installed on the sealing sheet to be inserted into the control line receiving groove; An insulating sheet on which an upper PCM control line is seated and coupled to the sealing sheet; And when the temperature of the PCM absorbing member is heated to a specific temperature or more, characterized in that it comprises an air layer forming member that is operated to form an air layer for insulation between the insulating sheet.

The air layer forming member may be composed of a circular ring having an expansion piece by a shape memory material inserted into the PCM control line and transformed at a specific transformation temperature.

The PCM control lines are arranged in a wave-shaped structure, and adjacent PCM control lines may be connected to each other by a connection connector coupled to both ends.

On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, the air conditioning and cooling system of a building using a PCM panel according to the present invention, In the air conditioning and heating system of a building using a PCM panel, a PMM panel installed in the building; An indoor temperature detection sensor disposed in the interior of the building; A PCM temperature sensor disposed on the PCM panel; An air-conditioning module including piping connected to the PCM control line; And it characterized in that it comprises a PCM control unit for controlling the air conditioning module according to the detection signal applied from the indoor temperature sensor and the PCM temperature sensor.

The air conditioning module is an air conditioner that generates cold air and warm air, a supply side pipe connected to flow fluid supplied from the air conditioner and disposed inside the building, a recovery side pipe connected to the supply side pipe, and a fluid to be recovered, the PCM control line PCM supply-side piping connected to supply fluid to the inlet side of the, PCM recovery-side piping connected to the outlet side of the PCM control line to recover fluid, the first control valve connected between the supply-side piping and the PCM supply-side piping, And a second control valve connected between the recovery-side piping and the PCM recovery-side piping.

In addition, the air conditioning module is provided with an auxiliary air conditioner connected to the PCM recovery side piping, a third control valve connected to the inlet to control the flow of fluid flowing into the auxiliary air conditioner, and the flow of fluid discharged from the auxiliary air conditioner. It may be configured to further include a fourth control valve to control.

In addition, the heating and cooling system of the building using the PCM panel according to the present invention is a solar cell module installed in the building; And it may be configured to include a battery unit for storing the electrical energy generated from the solar cell module.

According to the PCM panel according to the present invention and the heating and cooling system of a building using the same, it is possible to alleviate rapid changes in indoor temperature by a heat storage function that absorbs thermal changes in the room by latent heat of the phase change material, thereby reducing the energy cost of the building. In addition, it is possible to implement effective cooling and heating while preventing solidification of the phase change material due to a sudden drop in temperature in connection with the heating and cooling module provided in the building.

1 is a perspective view showing a PCM panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a PCM panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining a modification of the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
5A and 5B are cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of a modification of the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 6 is a schematic schematic diagram for explaining the heating and cooling system of a building using a PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention,
7A and 7B are schematic schematic diagrams for explaining the operation of a heating and cooling system of a building using a PCM panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings FIGS. 1 to 7B, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same components in FIGS. 1 to 7B. On the other hand, the drawings and detailed descriptions of the structures and actions and effects thereon, which are easily understood by those skilled in the art from the general technology in each drawing, are briefly or omitted and are mainly focused on parts related to the present invention.

1 is a perspective view showing a PCM panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a PCM panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view showing the PCM panel.

1 to 3, the PC panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention (p) is formed in a plate-like structure to be installed on the ceiling or outer wall of a building, PCM absorbing member (1), sealing sheet ( 2), PCM control line (3) and insulation sheet (4).

3, the PCM absorbing member 1 has a control line accommodating groove 12 formed in a panel-shaped body as shown in FIG. 3, and a PCM material (not shown, not shown as it permeates and absorbs the PCM absorbing member) is incorporated. As a component to be made, if the liquid phase change material (hereinafter referred to as'PCM') is formed of a material that can easily penetrate, it can be formed in various ways, such as a fiber web, but in this embodiment, the PCM control line (3) It is composed of a synthetic resin foam foamed in the form of a sponge to form the groove.

For example, the synthetic resin foam is formed of a floral foam widely used as a flower arrangement foam. As is well known, this floral foam is made of a phenol-formaldehyde (PF) or urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin, a surfactant, a wetting agent, a blowing agent and the like.

PCM absorbs the transferred heat and releases the absorbed heat again when the outside temperature or the indoor temperature falls below the reference temperature for phase change, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency of the building and reducing the heating load of the building in winter. do.

In addition, PCM prevents the internal temperature of the building from being drastically lowered and effectively maintains the internal (indoor) temperature by emitting heat absorbed in the evening when the temperature is relatively low due to no irradiation of winter or sunlight. .

Here, the reference temperature of the phase change means the temperature at the time when the PCM is phase-changed. For example, if the temperature is phase change at 20°C, it means that the phase change reference temperature is 20°C, and such a PCM can set the phase change reference temperature to various temperatures by adopting any one of various known phase change materials.

The control line accommodating groove 12 may be variously formed according to the arrangement form of the PCM control line 3, but is embodied in a zigzag wave form in this embodiment.

Meanwhile, the sealing sheet 2 is a sealing member for receiving the PCM absorbing member 1 including PCM, and is formed of synthetic resin film paper. For example, the sealing sheet 2 is formed of a synthetic resin film paper to form a receiving space to fit the shape of the PCM absorbing member 1, the lower sheet portion 21 and the PCM absorbing member 1 is accommodated lower seat portion 21 ) Is attached to the upper opening of the upper seat portion (22). At this time, the lower sheet portion 21 of the sealing sheet 2 is formed with a receiving protrusion 23 having a shape corresponding to the control line receiving groove 12 of the PCM absorbing member 1.

The PCM control line 3 is a component installed on the sealing sheet 2 so as to be inserted into the control line accommodating groove 12 in a state seated on the upper surface of the insulating sheet 1, and is composed of a synthetic resin hose.

Then, the PCM control line 3 is inserted into the control line accommodating groove 12 and arranged in a wave-like structure, and adjacent PCM control lines 3 are connected to each other by a connecting connector 5 coupled to both ends. .

The insulating sheet 4 is a planar body on which the PCM control line 3 is seated on the upper surface and is bonded to the sealing sheet 2 in a manner such as adhesion, and without limitation, a member of a planar structure formed of a material having excellent insulating properties is selected. Can be configured.

4A and 4B are views for explaining a modification of the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4A is an exploded perspective view, and FIG. 4B is an air layer forming member provided in the PCM panel. It is a perspective view showing the shape before and after deformation. 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of a modified example of the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and are enlarged cross-sectional views of a part.

4A to 5B, the PCM panel according to a modified example of the present invention includes a PCM absorbing member 1 and a PCM absorbing member in which a control line accommodating groove 12 is formed in a panel-shaped body and PCM material is embedded therein. (1) The sealing sheet (2) to be accommodated and sealed, the PCM control line (3) installed in the sealing sheet (2) to be inserted into the control line receiving groove, and the PCM control line (3) seated on the upper surface and sealing sheet (2) provided with a heat insulating sheet (4) coupled to, but the temperature of the PCM absorbing member (1) is heated to a temperature above the reference temperature to control the heat insulating air layer (6) between the heat insulating sheet (4) is formed The air layer forming member 7 is further configured.

The air layer forming member 7 pushes the insulating sheet 4 downward as shown in FIG. 5B when the temperature of the PCM absorbing member 1 is heated to a reference temperature or higher, and the bottom and insulating sheets of the sealing sheet 2 (4) If it can perform the function of forming the air layer 6 for insulation between the upper surfaces, it can be formed in various structures without particular limitation.

For example, the air layer forming member 7 is formed of a shape memory material that is transformed at a specific transformation temperature, and is installed at regular intervals in the PCM control line 3.

Preferably, the air layer forming member 7 is formed of a strip-shaped thin plate of a well-known shape memory alloy or shape memory resin material, and is formed of a circular ring 71 having an expansion piece 72. At this time, the transformation temperature of the air layer forming member 7 is preferably manufactured using a shape memory alloy formed to expand in the range of 20°C to 30°C in consideration of the summer season temperature in Korea.

Briefly explaining the operation of the PCM panel according to the above-described modification of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5A, the air layer forming member 7 installed at regular intervals in the PCM control line 3 is not in the transformation temperature range. In this case, since there is no change in shape, the top surface of the insulating sheet 4 is kept in close contact with the bottom surface of the sealing sheet 2. In this state, when the temperature of the PCM absorbing member 1 is heated to the transformation temperature, as shown in FIG. 5B, the air layer forming member 7 expands, so that the circular ring 71 expands as a whole, thereby expanding the expansion piece 72. Therefore, the upper surface of the heat insulating sheet 4 is pushed to form the air layer 6 for heat insulation between the bottom surface of the sealing sheet 2 and the top surface of the heat insulating sheet 4.

The thermal insulation properties of the air layer 6 for thermal insulation perform better thermal insulation than any thermal insulation material, as is well known in the thermal insulation field, thereby preventing the heat from being conducted downward and reducing the increase in indoor temperature in summer. It will work.

The accompanying drawings and FIG. 6 are schematic schematic diagrams for explaining a heating and cooling system of a building using a PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 7A and 7B are PCM panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the heating and cooling system of a building using the.

6 to 7B, the air conditioning and heating system of a building using the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention is disposed at the ceiling or the exterior wall of the building, and the indoor temperature of the building is arranged in the interior of the building. Indoor and air temperature sensing sensor 81, PCM temperature sensor (82) disposed in contact with it to detect the temperature of the PCM panel (p), PCM control line (3) and air conditioning module including piping connected to ( 9), and the interior temperature of the building is composed of a PCM control unit 86 that controls the outside air and the state of the PCM panel.

The air-conditioning module 9 is provided with an air-conditioning unit 91 that generates cold and warm air. Here, the air-conditioning module may be installed with various air-conditioning means such as air-conditioning and air-conditioning, but this embodiment typically generates cold and hot water. It can be composed of a boiler. At this time, the boiler is provided with a heating device (not shown) that generates hot water by heating the water, and a cooling device (not shown) such as a cooler that cools the water to generate cold water. A pump (not shown) is provided.

The piping constituting the air conditioning module 9 is disposed inside the building so that the fluid supplied from the air conditioning unit flows, and is connected to the supply-side piping 92 and the supply-side piping 92 to perform the heating function. (93), connected to the inlet side of the PCM control line (3), the PCM supply-side piping (94) for supplying fluid to the interior of the PCM panel, and the outlet side of the PCM control line (3) to recover fluid The PCM recovery side piping 95 is provided.

In addition, the piping includes a first control valve 96 connected between the supply-side piping 92 and the PCM supply-side piping 94, and a second control valve connected between the recovery-side piping 93 and the PCM recovery-side piping 95. (97) is provided.

In addition, the air conditioning module 9 is a secondary control air conditioner (91a) connected to the PCM recovery side pipe (95), a third control valve (98) connected to the inlet to control the flow of fluid flowing into the secondary air conditioner (91a) , And a fourth control valve 99 is provided to control the flow of fluid discharged from the auxiliary air conditioner 91a. Here, the auxiliary air conditioner 91a is commonly referred to as a radiator, and is composed of a heat radiator that emits cold air and warm air.

And, the first to fourth control valves (96,97,98,99) are composed of a three-way valve (3-way valve) having three flow directions of fluid, and this three-way valve is a fluid inside It is composed of a valve body provided with an opening and closing portion made of a ball, a disc, etc. to open and close the flow of the valve, and an electric valve provided with a valve actuator that applies rotational force to the opening and closing portion of the valve body.

On the other hand, the heating and cooling system of the building using the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to the electric energy generated from the solar cell module 83 and the solar cell module 83 installed on the outer or outer wall of the building. A battery unit 84 for storing is configured.

The PCM control unit 86 is a configuration that controls the heating and cooling module 9 according to the detection signals applied from the indoor temperature sensor 81 and the PCM temperature sensor 82, a microcomputer performing a control operation, and a desired indoor temperature. The input unit (not shown) for inputting various input signals such as setting, power on/off operation, outdoor and indoor temperatures detected by the indoor temperature sensor 81 and the PCM temperature sensor 82, the desired temperature, etc. A display unit (not shown) for displaying the display is provided.

In addition, the PCM control unit 86 controls the solar cell module 83 and the battery unit 84, and performs a control operation to control the operation of the air conditioner 91 using the power stored in the battery unit 84. have.

Hereinafter, the operation of the heating and cooling system of the building using the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described.

In the heating and cooling system of a building using a PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the basic insulation effect as seen in the well-known technology applied in the construction field by blocking the heat flow of the PCM panel (p) installed on the ceiling To perform. At this time, the PCM panel (p) can alleviate rapid changes in indoor temperature by a heat storage function that absorbs thermal changes in the room by latent heat of the phase change material, thereby achieving energy savings in buildings.

Particularly, in the case of the summer season when the temperature outside the room is high, the indoor/heating system of the building using the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention detects the indoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 81 and the PCM temperature sensor 82. If it is higher than the temperature detected from the PCM control unit 86 under the control of the air conditioner 91 by operating the circulation pump provided to circulate the water to circulate the cooling mode can be implemented.

In this cooling mode, the first control valve 96 and the second control valve 97 are operated so that the flow direction of the fluid continues to the PCM supply-side piping 94, the PCM control line 3, and the PCM recovery-side piping 95. The fluid to be flowed is converted to a cold state by obtaining cold air through heat exchange with the PCM panel p while passing through the PCM control line 3. At this time, when the fluid is cooled, the third control valve 98 and the fourth control valve 98 are operated so that the flow direction passes through the auxiliary air conditioner 91a, as shown by the thick solid line in FIG. 7A. ) Releases cold air into the indoor space to reduce the indoor temperature.

Meanwhile, in the winter season, the PCM control unit 86 controls the opening and closing operation of the first and second control valves 96 and 97 as shown by the thick solid line in FIG. 7B to supply hot water generated from the air conditioning and heating unit 91 to the supply side piping ( 92) and main heating to perform floor heating through the recovery-side piping 93. In the main heating process, when the indoor temperature is lower than the temperature detected by the PCM temperature sensor 82, the flow direction of the fluid continues to the PCM supply-side piping 94, the PCM control line 3, and the PCM recovery-side piping 95. It is possible to perform a heating mode to cause the loss.

In the process of performing the heating mode, when the temperature of the PCM panel is lower than the phase change temperature due to the sudden drop in the outside temperature, the PCM panel is solidified into a solid state, and in the cold weather, it is impossible to perform the function. As shown by the thick solid line, the solidification temperature of the PCM panel p is determined according to the detection signal applied from the PCM temperature sensor 82 to operate the air conditioning module 9 to turn the hot water into the PCM control line 3. By supplying the PCM, which is in a solidified state or is intended to proceed to a solidified state, induces a phase change to a liquid state, the phenomenon that the PCM panel cannot perform its function or the cold air is released into the room due to the solidification of the PCM panel is unknown. Can be prevented. Here, the PCM control unit 86 may detect or predict the solidification of the PCM panel p through detection signals sensed by the outdoor temperature sensor 85 and the PCM temperature sensor 82 installed outside the building.

In addition, the heating and cooling system of the building using the PCM panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the electric energy generated from the solar cell module 83 during the operation of the above-described cooling mode and heating mode to the battery unit 84 Since it can be stored and used, it has the advantage of reducing heating and cooling costs.

What has been described above is only one embodiment for implementing the air conditioning and cooling system of the PCM panel according to the present invention and a building using the same, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, as claimed in the following claims. Likewise, any person having ordinary knowledge in the field to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention will have the technical spirit of the present invention to the extent that various changes can be implemented.

The terms used in the above embodiments are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "include" or "have" are intended to indicate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts or combinations thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features. It should be understood that the existence or addition possibilities of fields or numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof are not excluded in advance.

p: PCM panel 1: PCM absorbing member
12: Control line receiving groove 2: Sealing sheet
3: PCM control line 4: Insulation sheet
5: Connection connector 6: Air layer for insulation
7: Air layer forming member 81: Indoor temperature sensor
82: PCM temperature sensor 83: solar cell module
84: battery unit 85: outdoor temperature sensor
86: PCM control unit 9: cooling and heating module
91: air conditioner 91a: auxiliary air conditioner
92: Supply side piping 93: Recovery side piping
94: PCM supply side piping 95: PCM recovery side piping
96: first control valve 97: second control valve
98: third control valve 99: fourth control valve

Claims (4)

In the PCM panel,
A control line accommodating groove is formed in the panel-shaped body and a PCM absorbing member in which PCM material is embedded;
A sealing sheet for receiving and sealing the PCM absorbing member;
A PCM control line installed on the sealing sheet to be inserted into the control line receiving groove; And
And a PCM control line seated on the top surface and a heat insulating sheet coupled to the sealing sheet.
In the PCM panel,
A control line accommodating groove is formed in the panel-shaped body and a PCM absorbing member in which PCM material is embedded;
A sealing sheet for receiving and sealing the PCM absorbing member;
A PCM control line installed on the sealing sheet to be inserted into the control line receiving groove;
An insulating sheet on which an upper PCM control line is seated and coupled to the sealing sheet; And
When the temperature of the PCM absorbing member is heated to a specific temperature or more, a PCM panel comprising an air layer forming member that is operated to form an air layer for insulation between the insulating sheet.
In the building air-conditioning system using PCM panels,
The PCM panel of claim 1 or 2 installed in a building;
An indoor temperature detection sensor disposed in the interior of the building;
A PCM temperature sensor disposed on the PCM panel;
An air-conditioning module including piping connected to the PCM control line; And
And a PCM control unit for controlling the air conditioning module according to the detection signals applied from the indoor temperature sensor and the PCM temperature sensor.
According to claim 3,
The air-conditioning module is a cooling and heating unit that generates cold and warm air, a supply-side piping connected to flow fluid supplied from the air-conditioner and disposed inside the building, a recovery-side piping connected to the supply-side piping, and fluid is recovered, and the PCM control line PCM supply-side piping connected to supply fluid to the inlet side of the, PCM recovery-side piping connected to the outlet side of the PCM control line to recover fluid, the first control valve connected between the supply-side piping and the PCM supply-side piping, And a second control valve connected between the recovery-side piping and the PCM recovery-side piping,
Auxiliary air conditioner connected to the PCM recovery side piping, a third control valve connected to the inlet to control the flow of fluid flowing into the auxiliary air conditioner, and a fourth control valve to control the flow of fluid discharged from the auxiliary air conditioner Heating and cooling system of a building using a PCM panel, characterized in that it comprises a.

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