KR20200070458A - Controller for hoist capable of multi speed control and hoist including the same controller - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a controller of a hoist capable of multistage speed control, and a hoist including the controller. The controller of a hoist, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a raising button capable of adjusting the degree of push; a lowering button capable of adjusting the degree of push; a raising switch disposed below the raising button to immediately operate when the raising button is pushed; a lowering switch disposed below the lowering button to immediately operate when the lowering button is pushed; a magnet body operatively connected with both the raising and lowering buttons, and disposed to lower when the raising button or the lowering button is pushed; and a hall sensor disposed corresponding to the magnet body to sense the degree of lowering of the magnet body due to the push of the raising button or the lowering button. When the raising switch is operated by the raising button, a motor starts a raising operation, wherein the raising operation speed of the motor varies since a variable frequency value of a digital pulse applied to the motor is adjusted according to an output voltage which varies depending on an increase and a decrease in magnetic flux density detected by the hall sensor. When the lowering switch is operated by the lowering button, the motor starts a lowering operation, wherein the lowering operation speed of the motor varies since the variable frequency value of the digital pulse applied to the motor is adjusted according to the output voltage which varies depending on the increase and the decrease in the magnetic flux density detected by the hall sensor.

Description

A controller of a hoist capable of multi-stage speed control and a hoist including such a controller CONTROLLER FOR HOIST CAPABLE OF MULTI SPEED CONTROL AND HOIST INCLUDING THE SAME CONTROLLER}

The present invention relates to a multi-speed controllable hoist controller and a hoist comprising such a controller.

In general, hoists are equipment used to transport cargo in warehouses, railway stations, mold factories, foundries, etc., and to disassemble or assemble them in factories.A device that lifts or raises heavy objects through motor operation and then transports them to a desired location. to be.

The hoist is composed of a prime mover, a gear reduction device, a brake, and the like, and a hook is installed at the end of a load chain to lift or raise the cargo, and then moves horizontally (left and right) to move to a desired position. Typically, the hoist can be largely divided into an electric hoist, an air hoist, or the like.

Electric hoists are compact electric motors, planetary gear-type reduction gears, electromagnetic brakes for holding cargo, and load brakes that regulate the speed when unloading cargo. As a hoisting machine, it is attached to the end of a jib or used to carry cargo up and down while traveling with a rail on the lower flange of an I (I) beam, and moves the electric motor by manipulating a rope in the ground There are a method of moving a button, a method of remote control, and the like.

Air hoists are mainly used in places such as coal mines and chemical plants to prevent the risk of gas explosion.

In addition, the hoist can be divided into many types according to the structure of the place and machine used, such as the electric hoist, air hoist, a low-head type used in a place with a low ceiling, and a double-rail type running on two rails.

Among the hoist types described above, the electric hoist can be divided into a hoist using a relay switch and a hoist using an inverter. Of these, the hoist using a relay switch generated a control signal using a relay switch when generating a control signal according to the operator's ascent and descent operation, so the equipment could not be downsized, and the life of the equipment was relatively short, so the material cost and labor cost were relatively short. It took a lot of time, and the wiring was complicated, so it was difficult to make it compact and lightweight, and it consumed a lot of power, and there was a problem in that noise such as electromagnetic waves was severely generated.

In order to solve the above-described problems of the relay type hoist, an electric hoist using an inverter driving motor driven by an inverter built into the body has appeared.

Unlike the relay-type hoist, the electric hoist using the inverter-driven motor generates a signal according to the operator's button operation through a contactless interface element and transmits it to the inverter to control the motor driving, so it can be compared with the relay-type conventional hoist. When the life is semi-permanent, it is possible to reduce the size and weight, and it can be placed close to the inverter to prevent malfunction due to noise. In addition, since wiring is simple, material and labor costs are reduced, so cost can be reduced, electricity can be saved, and A/S is easy through block blocking of parts, and the input and output are completely separated to protect the inverter from abnormal voltages. It has the effect.

The inverter interface controller of the prior art was capable of two-speed control of a motor (induction motor). For example, it could rotate at a rate of 1,000 RPM and 1,500 RPM. In the controller that controls this, only a switch for 2-speed control was implemented. This prior art inverter interface control scheme is illustrated in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the pressed state of the controller (the controller of the hoist is also referred to as a teaching pendant, and in FIG. 1, the controller is indicated as a teaching pendant) is pressed only in three stages of neutral, first speed and second speed. It was possible. The three stages thus determined are connected to the inverter control terminal block so that the inverter can change the speed to only three states: neutral (motor stop state), 1st stage (1/2 speed of rated speed) and 2nd stage (rated speed). Did.

An object of the present invention is to provide a controller of a hoist capable of multi-stage speed control in both the rising and falling of the hoist in an electric hoist using an inverter drive motor.

In addition, the present invention aims to provide a hoist comprising the controller.

The representative configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows.

The present invention relates to a hoist controller. The controller of the hoist according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a rising button capable of adjusting a pressing degree; A down button capable of adjusting the degree of pressing; A lift switch disposed under the lift button to operate immediately when the lift button is pressed; A lower switch disposed under the lower button so as to operate immediately when the lower button is pressed; A magnet body operatively connected to both the rising button and the falling button and disposed to descend upon a pressing operation of the rising button or the falling button; It includes a hall sensor disposed in correspondence with the magnet body to detect the degree of descending by being pressed by the rising button or the down button of the magnet body. When the lift switch is operated by the lift button, the motor starts the lift operation, and at this time, the variable frequency value of the digital pulse applied to the motor according to the output voltage changed according to the increase or decrease in the magnetic flux density sensed by the hall sensor By adjusting, the motor's rising operating speed is variable. When the lowering switch is operated by the lowering button, the motor starts lowering operation, and at this time, the variable frequency value of the digital pulse applied to the motor according to the output voltage changed according to the increase or decrease in the magnetic flux density sensed by the hall sensor is By adjusting, the speed at which the motor moves down is variable.

In addition, an additional configuration may be further included in the controller of the hoist according to the present invention or a hoist including such a controller.

According to the present invention, in an electric hoist using an inverter drive motor, a controller of a hoist capable of multi-stage speed control in both rising and falling of the hoist may be provided.

Further, according to the present invention, a hoist including the controller may be provided.

1 is a view showing a conventional inverter interface control method.
2 is a view for explaining the functions of the inverter and the peripheral function in the inverter-type hoist using a general-purpose inverter.
3 is a view showing a state of an inverter-type hoist using a general-purpose inverter.
4 is a view showing the concept of a hoist including an inverter-integrated board.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a circuit diagram of an inverter-type hoist using a general-purpose inverter and a circuit diagram of a hoist including an inverter-integrated board.
6 is a view showing a contrast between a hoist using an inverter-integrated board and a general-purpose inverter.
7 is a view showing a controller of a multi-stage speed control capable hoist according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a view showing an internal state including the substrate of the controller.
FIG. 9 is a view showing the internal structure associated with the up button and down button for pressing the substrate shown in FIG. 8.
10 is a view showing the magnet body.
11 is a view showing a control method by the controller described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that they can be easily carried out by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

In order to clearly describe the present invention, parts not related to the present invention are omitted, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same components throughout the specification. In addition, since the size of each component shown in the drawings is arbitrarily shown for convenience of description, the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is shown.

That is, the specific shapes, structures, and characteristics described in the specification may be implemented by changing from one embodiment to another embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the position or arrangement of individual components may also be considered. It should be understood that it can be changed without departing from the scope. Therefore, the following detailed description is not intended to be done in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention should be taken to cover the scope claimed by the claims of the claims and all equivalents thereto.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5, a plurality of types of inverter-type hoists will be described.

First, Figure 2 is a view for explaining the functions of the inverter and the peripheral function unit in the inverter-type hoist using a general-purpose inverter. The inverter is a function unit that controls the motor at a desired speed by varying the voltage and frequency using the VVVF (Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) method. A transformer is a function unit that converts an input voltage to, for example, AC 110V and uses it as a control power source. The interface is a functional part that acts as a medium (electronic relay) for controlling the inverter with, for example, AC 110V. The push button is a function unit that functions as a push button switch for manipulating the hoist. The function portion marked CT converts the current ratio. The load limiter is a function unit that receives a change in current according to the load from the CT and controls the hoisting operation. The magnetic contactor is a functional unit that performs a function of supplying voltage to a rectifier and is controlled by an inverter. The rectifier is a function unit that converts AC voltage to DC voltage. The brake is a function unit that performs a solenoid-type motor brake function operated by direct current. The functional unit indicated by M is a three-phase squirrel cage induction motor, which is a functional unit that generates the driving force of the hoist. Power (Power) is a three-phase and single-phase input voltage is a functional unit that performs the power supply function of the hoist. It should be understood that the functions of the peripheral function units including the inverter in the inverter type hoist as described above are well known in the art at the time of filing the present invention, and can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art without additional explanation.

3 is a view showing a state of an inverter-type hoist using a general-purpose inverter. Referring to FIG. 3, a state of a hoist in which a general-purpose inverter is used as an inverter function unit can be grasped more specifically.

The concept of the hoist including the inverter-integrated board according to FIG. 4 should be understood in comparison with the above-described embodiment of FIG. 3. Referring to FIG. 4, it will be clearly understood that the inverter function unit and the peripheral function units of the inverter function unit described in FIG. 2 can be integrated into one board. Specifically, according to the embodiment of FIG. 4, one inverter function, an interface function, a transformer function, a CT function, a load limiter function, a rectifier function, and a magnetic contactor function described in FIG. 2 It is possible to integrate on board. In addition, a radio control function may be added. This is indicated as “Bluetooth” in FIG. 4. The radio control function unit may be implemented as a function unit that replaces the function of the push button function unit described in the embodiment of FIG. 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the point to be clearly understood is not a general-purpose inverter, but an inverter function required for driving a hoist, that is, a function unit for controlling a motor at a desired speed (eg, FIG. 11 for controlling the speed of the motor in multiple stages) Control function as shown in) is integrated into one board together with other function. 3, characteristics of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 can be clearly understood. That is, wiring between each functional unit is unnecessary, and a terminal crimp or terminal tightening process may be omitted. As a result, the manual process is greatly omitted, so labor costs can be saved, production time is shortened, and various causes of defects occurring in the assembly process such as wiring defects, terminal crimp defects, and terminal terminal tightening defects are basically eliminated. Can be.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a circuit diagram of an inverter-type hoist using a general-purpose inverter and a circuit diagram of a hoist including an inverter-integrated board. In the hoist including the inverter-integrated board, unlike the general-purpose inverter-type hoist shown on the left side of FIG. 5, electrical functional units including an inverter function unit for driving the hoist are integrated in one board. More specifically, the hoist including the inverter-integrated board according to the embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention reduces the weight of the inverter and rapidly supplies supply energy applied instantaneously in a short time so that the initial driving can be efficiently performed. Was developed. Here, the integrated inverter capacity was tested with two examples of input voltages AC200 to 240V and AC 380 to 460V, and was developed with a single-phase and three-phase each of 3.7KW (5HP) or more and a continuous drive time of 60 minutes or more. The AC/DC rectifier for the inverter is for converting commercial AC power into a motor-driven DC voltage of a hoist including an inverter-integrated board, and was developed to supply a stable drive voltage regardless of the fluctuation characteristics of the inverter. In relation to the three-phase IGBT inverter circuit, a circuit composed of an IGBT switching element that controls the motor to rotate below 2,000 RPM has been developed. Furthermore, the hoist including the inverter-integrated board may include a plurality of dedicated special functions. For example, it may include a load limiter function for overload blocking, a wired/wireless remote control function, a brake power output, a count count for use, a Bluetooth communication control function, and a display function for monitoring the operation status. The functions performed by the individual functional units shown in FIG. 5 are as follows. First, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) is an integrated circuit that converts analog signals into digital signals and processes them at high speed. SMPS (Swiching Mode Power Supply) is a power supply that converts AC power into DC power by using switching transistors. A magnetic contactor (MAGNETIC CONTACTOR) is a device that performs a function of supplying voltage to a rectifier (RECTIFIER). A rectifier (RECTIFIER) is a device that converts AC voltage to DC voltage. SOFT START is a device that smoothly drives the motor. The brake unit (BRAKE UNIT) is a device that consumes the regenerative power of the motor generated by inertia or gravity. An inverter is a device that converts DC into AC of a desired frequency and voltage. Gate drive (GATE DRIVE) is a device that controls the inverter and the brake unit by turning on by turning a small current through the DSP. The load sensor (LOAD SENSOR) is a device that senses the change in current according to the weight. The input/output interface (I/O INTERFACE) is an input/output connector with an external device. Serial interface (SERIAL INTERFACE) is a device that sets or changes the inverter using RS232 as a serial interface. Bluetooth (BLUETOOTH) is a wireless interface device that connects wirelessly with mobile devices. The internal and external display displays various information such as hoist usage time, current, and voltage. BRAKE is a solenoid-type motor brake operated by direct current. The one indicated by M is a single-phase, three-phase squirrel cage induction motor, and the one indicated by single-phase and three-phase indicates single-phase and three-phase input voltages.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for contrasting a hoist including an inverter-integrated board and a hoist using a general-purpose inverter, and is a diagram clearly showing technical characteristics of both. Referring to FIG. 6, various calculations required for efficient hoist driving are performed through a user terminal including features due to the inverter-integrated board and features and computation functions that can be wirelessly connected to the user terminal through a wireless connection interface such as Bluetooth to the inverter-integrated board. The features that can be performed will be intuitively understood.

7 is a view showing a controller 10 of a hoist capable of multi-stage speed control according to an embodiment of the present invention. The controller 10 of the embodiment of FIG. 7 is a method of using a push button among the control methods described above. Among the control methods described above, there is also a wireless control method using a connection such as Bluetooth without using a push button. The controller 10 of the hoist according to the present invention is limited to a method of using a push button except for the radio control method, and the controller 10 of a method using a push button will be described below. The push button controller 10 can be applied to both the hoist including the inverter-integrated board and the hoist using a general-purpose inverter.

7 shows the appearance of the push button type controller 10. The controller 10 has been illustrated as having three buttons in total. An up button 11, a down button 12, and an on-off button 13 of the hoist may be provided to the controller 10.

FIG. 8 is a view showing the internal appearance of the controller 10 including the substrate 20. The substrate 20 is provided with a rising switch 21, a falling switch 12, and a hall sensor 23. The Hall sensor 23 is a sensor that detects the direction and magnitude of a magnetic field by using a Hall effect in which a voltage is generated in a direction perpendicular to the current and the magnetic field when a magnetic field is applied to a conductor through which the current flows.

FIG. 9 shows the internal structure associated with the rising button 11 and the falling button 12 for pressing the substrate 20 shown in FIG. 8. Below the rising button 11 and the falling button 12, a push transmission unit is provided to transmit the pressing operation of each button to the switches 21 and 22 of the substrate 20, and a push transmission corresponding to the rising button 11 is provided. The unit is a push button press transmission unit 31, and a push transfer unit corresponding to the drop button 12 is a drop button press transmission unit 32. A magnet body guide 14 is installed between each push transmission part. The magnet body 40 is provided to be raised or lowered along the magnet body guide 14. The spring 50 is connected to the magnet body 14. As shown in FIG. 9, the rising button 11 and the falling button 12 are each connected to one end of the magnet body 40. Therefore, when the rising button 11 or the falling button 12 is pressed, the magnet body 40 is pressed together and moves downward along the magnet body guide 14.

Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9 together, the rising button 11 and the falling button 12 interact with the rising switch 11 and the falling switch 12 and the hall sensor 23 provided on the substrate 20. Explain the structure.

When the rising button 11 is pressed, the rising button pressing transmission unit 31 is pressed together. The descending upward button press transmission unit 31 operates the upward switch 21 provided on the substrate 20, and the device recognizes that the upward movement of the hoist is indicated by the controller 10. At this time, the magnet body 40 is pressed together. The magnet body 40 moves downward while pressing the spring 50 along the magnet body guide 14. The degree of downward movement of the magnet body 40 is detected by the hall sensor 23. When the lift button 11 is pressed even a little, the lift switch 21 is operated, and in this state, the degree to which the lift button 11 is pressed can be adjusted. The magnet body 40 is lowered according to the pressed degree of the lift button 11. The movement degree is controlled, and the hall sensor 23 senses the downward movement degree of the magnet body 40.

The same is true when the down button 12 is pressed. When the lower button 12 is pressed, the lower button press transmission unit 32 is pressed together. The descending lower button push transmission unit 32 operates the lowering switch 22 provided on the substrate 20, and the device recognizes that the lowering operation of the hoist is instructed by the controller 10. At this time, the magnet body 40 is pressed together. The magnet body 40 moves downward while pressing the spring 50 along the magnet body guide 14. The degree of downward movement of the magnet body 40 is detected by the hall sensor 23. When the lower button 12 is pressed even a little, the lower switch 22 is operated, and the degree to which the lower button 12 is pressed is adjustable in this state. The lower side of the magnet body 40 is adjusted according to the pressed degree of the lower button 12. The movement degree is controlled, and the hall sensor 23 senses the downward movement degree of the magnet body 40.

10, a specific structure of the magnet body 40 is exemplarily shown.

The magnet body 40 accommodates a permanent magnet 42 that applies magnetic force to the hall sensor 23. A portion in which the permanent magnet 42 is accommodated is provided with a spring coupling portion 41 through which the spring is fitted. On both sides of the magnet body 40, guide inserts 43 may be provided to guide the vertical movement of the magnet body 40 along the magnet body guide 14 described above.

11 illustrates a control method by the controller 10 described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output voltage output from the hall sensor 23 may be changed in proportion to the degree to which the up button 11 or down button 12 is pressed by the user, and the output voltage may be changed. Accordingly, the frequency of the signal applied to the motor is variable, so that the speed of the corresponding motor can be varied.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as the up button 11 or down button 12 is pressed by the user, the magnetic flux density of the hall sensor 23 increases and is proportional to the increased magnetic flux density. Thus, the output voltage output from the hall sensor 23 may be increased. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, by increasing the frequency of the signal applied to the motor in proportion to the increased output voltage above, the speed of the corresponding motor can be controlled to increase. For example, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) or the like may be used to make the frequency variable in proportion to the output voltage as described above.

More specifically, the distance between the magnet body 40 and the hall sensor 23 varies depending on the degree of depressing of the hoist controller 10 button. The fluctuating distance applies a different magnetic flux density to the upper end of the hall sensor 23 positioned perpendicular to the magnet body 40. The interval is inversely related to the magnetic flux density, and the Hall sensor 23 outputs a voltage proportional to the magnetic flux density through the Hall element and the amplifier. The Hall sensor voltage thus output is input to a voltage controlled oscillator composed of two op amps and a transistor. The voltage-controlled oscillator outputs a digital pulse whose frequency is proportional to the depressed degree of the hoist controller 10 button, and the digital pulse having a variable frequency is input as an inverter command signal. Here, when the depressed degree of the controller 10 button is large, the digital pulse output 　 frequency value of the voltage-controlled oscillator is increased, and when the depressed degree is small, the digital pulse output 　 frequency value of the voltage-controlled oscillator is reduced. The range of change in the frequency value of the voltage-controlled oscillator is determined as an analog range, and a multi-step speed command signal can be used compared to a digital method, and the hoist motor is controlled in multiple stages according to the degree of pressing of the hoist controller 10 button.

For another example, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the upward button 11 in the opposite direction to the direction pressed by the action of the spring 50 as the released button from the user is released (release) from the user or The position of the lower button 12 can be restored. According to an embodiment of the present invention, in this case, the magnetic flux density of the hall sensor 23 is reduced, and the output voltage output from the hall sensor 23 may be reduced in proportion to the reduced magnetic flux density. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, by controlling the frequency of the signal applied to the motor in proportion to the output voltage that is reduced above, the speed of the corresponding motor may be controlled to decrease.

In the above, the present invention has been described by specific matters such as specific components and limited embodiments and drawings, but this is provided only to help a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments , Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications and variations from these descriptions.

Therefore, the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and should not be determined, and all claims that are equally or equivalently modified as well as the claims below will fall within the scope of the spirit of the present invention. Would say

10: controller
11: rising button
12: Down button
13: On-off button
14: magnet body guide
20: substrate
21: lift switch
22: Down switch
23: Hall sensor
31: upward button press transmission
32: Down button press transmission
40: magnet body
41: spring coupling
42: guide insert
50: spring

Claims (4)

Hoist's controller,
A rise button that can adjust the pressing degree,
Down button to adjust the degree of pressing,
A lift switch disposed under the lift button to immediately operate when the lift button is pressed;
A lower switch disposed under the lower button so as to operate immediately when the lower button is pressed,
A magnet body operatively connected to both the rising button and the falling button, and disposed to descend when the rising button or the falling button is pressed;
And a hall sensor disposed in correspondence with the magnet body to sense the degree of descending by being pressed by the up button or the down button of the magnet body,
When the lift switch is operated by the lift button, the motor starts the lift operation, and at this time, the variable frequency value of the digital pulse applied to the motor according to the output voltage depending on the increase or decrease in the magnetic flux density sensed by the hall sensor By adjusting, the motor's rising operating speed is variable,
When the lowering switch is operated by the lowering button, the motor starts lowering, and at this time, the variable frequency value of the digital pulse applied to the motor according to the output voltage that changes according to the increase or decrease in the magnetic flux density sensed by the hall sensor By adjusting, the motor's descending operating speed is variable,
Hoist controller.
According to claim 1,
The voltage of the output Hall sensor is input to a voltage-controlled oscillator and digital pulses of variable frequency proportional to the degree of depressing of the controller button are output
Hoist controller.
According to claim 2, The magnet body is guided by a magnet body guide ascending or descending, the magnet body is connected to the spring when the pressing of the rising button or the lower button is released, the magnet body and the rising button connected thereto And returning the down button to the original position,
Hoist controller.
A hoist comprising the controller according to claim 1.

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