KR20200064314A - Hybrid ship - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a hybrid ship which manages the temperature of a battery system so that the temperature of the battery system is above a predetermined temperature. The hybrid ship comprises: a fuel cell which produces first power used to operate the ship; a battery which stores second power used to operate the ship; a propulsion unit which propels the ship according to an operation plan of the ship by using at least one of the first power and the second power; and a temperature management device which monitors the temperature of the battery, generates thermal energy by operating the fuel cell when the battery temperature is lower than a reference value, and increases the temperature of the battery by supplying the thermal energy to the battery.

Description

Hybrid ship {Hybrid ship}

The present invention relates to a ship. More specifically, it relates to a ship having a hybrid power generation system.

A fuel cell refers to a battery that converts chemical energy generated by oxidation of fuel (eg, hydrogen, natural gas, etc.) into electrical energy. Since these fuel cells rarely emit air pollutants, they are spotlighted as environmentally friendly energy.

When a fuel cell system is used as a power source for a ship, it is possible to reduce pollutants even in the ocean, and energy saving effect due to high thermal efficiency can be obtained. So today, countries around the world are spurring the development of ships that use fuel cell systems as eco-friendly vessels.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0049845 (Publication date: 2017.05.11.)

In the case of a ship using a fuel cell system as a power source, in order to use it as a power source in an emergency, a battery system that can be charged with electricity produced by the fuel cell system may be provided, and may be constructed as a hybrid ship.

However, when the temperature of the battery system decreases, discharge may occur and the life of the battery system may rapidly decrease. Therefore, maintaining the temperature of the battery system at an image temperature at all times may help extend the life of the battery system.

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a hybrid ship that manages the temperature of the battery system so that the temperature of the battery system is above a certain temperature.

The problems of the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

An aspect of the hybrid ship of the present invention for achieving the above object is a fuel cell for producing a first power used to operate the ship, and a second power used to operate the ship. A power unit having a battery to store and supplying at least one of the first power and the second power to a load equipment provided on board; A distribution unit that delivers at least one of the first power and the second power to the load equipment; A propulsion unit that propels the ship according to the operation plan of the ship, using at least one of the first power and the second power; And a temperature management device that monitors the temperature of the battery to generate thermal energy by operating the fuel cell when the temperature of the battery is lower than a reference value, and increases the temperature of the battery by supplying the thermal energy to the battery. Included, the load equipment is provided with control equipment for controlling the power unit.

When generating the thermal energy, the temperature management device may operate the fuel cell in a mode for producing BOP power.

The temperature management device monitors the temperature of the fuel cell, when the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the reference value, operates the fuel cell to prevent freezing of water accumulated in the fuel cell, or to prevent a heater. It is possible to prevent freezing of water accumulated in the fuel cell by heating the fuel cell.

The temperature management device may control the temperature of the fuel cell to rise above the reference value, and then remove water accumulated in the fuel cell.

The control equipment may include at least one of a battery management system, an energy management system, and a power management system.

Details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a hybrid ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a detailed view specifically showing the internal configuration of a hybrid ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 are exemplary views showing the operating states of the power unit and the power distribution unit during normal operation.
5 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a hybrid ship according to another embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a block diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of a temperature management device provided in a hybrid ship.
7 is a flowchart schematically showing a method of operating a temperature management device provided in a hybrid ship.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them will be clarified with reference to embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, and only the embodiments allow the publication of the present invention to be complete, and common knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains It is provided to completely inform the person having the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. The same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout the specification.

Elements or layers referred to as "on" or "on" of another device or layer are not only directly above the other device or layer, but also when intervening another layer or other device in the middle. All inclusive. On the other hand, when a device is referred to as “directly on” or “directly above”, it indicates that no other device or layer is interposed therebetween.

The spatially relative terms “below”, “beneath”, “lower”, “above”, “upper”, etc., are as shown in the figure. It can be used to easily describe the correlation of a device or components with other devices or components. The spatially relative terms should be understood as terms including different directions of the device in use or operation in addition to the directions shown in the drawings. For example, if the element shown in the figure is flipped over, the element described as "below" or "beneath" the other element may be placed "above" the other element. Accordingly, the exemplary term “below” can include both the directions below and above. The device can also be oriented in other directions, so that spatially relative terms can be interpreted according to the orientation.

Although the first, second, etc. are used to describe various elements, components and/or sections, it goes without saying that these elements, components and/or sections are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component or section from another element, component or section. Therefore, it goes without saying that the first element, first component or first section mentioned below may be a second element, second component or second section within the technical spirit of the present invention.

The terminology used herein is for describing the embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. In the present specification, the singular form also includes the plural form unless otherwise specified in the phrase. As used herein, "comprises" and/or "comprising" refers to the components, steps, operations and/or elements mentioned above, the presence of one or more other components, steps, operations and/or elements. Or do not exclude additions.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the present specification may be used as meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. In addition, terms defined in the commonly used dictionary are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless specifically defined.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components are assigned the same reference numbers regardless of the reference numerals and overlapped therewith. The description will be omitted.

1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a hybrid ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, a hybrid ship (hybrid ship) 10 refers to a ship that uses a plurality of power generation systems as a power source. For example, the hybrid ship 10 may use a fuel cell system and a battery system as power sources. However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The hybrid ship 10 may further use a solar system as a power source in addition to a fuel cell system and a battery system.

According to FIG. 1, the hybrid ship 10 includes a hull 100, a fuel tank 200, a power unit 300, a power distribution unit 400, a propulsion unit 500, load equipment 600 and a control unit 800 It may be configured to include.

The fuel tank 200 is provided inside the hull 100 and serves to store fuel used to supply propulsion power to the hull 100. The fuel stored in the fuel tank 200 may be liquid fuel (eg, liquefied natural gas (LNG)), but the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The fuel stored in the fuel tank 200 may be gaseous fuel (eg, hydrogen).

A plurality of fuel tanks 200 may be provided in the hybrid vessel 10. When a plurality of fuel tanks 200 are provided in the hybrid ship 10, some may store liquid fuel (eg, liquefied natural gas), and some may store gaseous fuel (eg, hydrogen). . However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

The power unit 300 serves to supply power to the propulsion unit 500, the load equipment 600, and the control unit 800. The power unit 300 may produce or store power for this purpose, and supply the produced or stored power to the propulsion unit 500, the load equipment 600, and the control unit 800.

The power unit 300 may include a fuel cell system and a battery system in this embodiment. The fuel cell system may produce first power by using a boil off gas (BOG) generated in the fuel tank 200, and the first power may be propelled unit 500, load equipment 600, and control unit (800). However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The fuel cell system may also produce first power using hydrogen stored in a separate tank (or fuel tank 200).

The battery system stores the second power, and may supply the second power to the propulsion unit 500, the load equipment 600, and the control unit 800. The battery system may store electric power produced by the fuel cell system as second electric power, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

The power distribution unit 400 serves to transfer power supplied by the power unit 300 to the propulsion unit 500, the load equipment 600, and the control unit 800. The power distribution unit 400 may include a wiring, a switch, and a converter for this purpose.

The propulsion unit 500 serves to generate propulsion power with electric power supplied by the electric power unit 300. The hull 100 is able to sail at sea with the propulsion force of the propulsion unit 500.

The load equipment 600 is provided so that it can be connected to various equipment for maintaining the ship on a regular basis. The load equipment 600 may be implemented as a device including an outlet type. In the above, various equipment for maintaining the ship is equipment necessary for ship operation, such as a pump for drainage equipment, a pump for fuel supply, a blower, an air conditioning device, a light fixture, a GPS receiver, a radar device, a ship automatic identification device, a magnetic compass, This may include wireless facilities, ship location transmitters, and the like.

The load equipment 600 may supply DC equipment, AC power, etc. to the equipment so that maintenance on board can be achieved. At this time, the load equipment 600 may supply 12V DC, 24V DC, etc. to the equipment with DC power, and 220V AC with AC power to the equipment.

The load equipment 600 may include control equipment (not shown) for controlling the power unit 300. The load equipment 600 may include a battery management system, an energy management system, and a power management system as control equipment.

The control unit 800 serves to detect a power transmission disturbance factor and control switches provided in the power unit 300 and the power distribution unit 400.

The control unit 800 may be included in the load equipment 600, and may be provided separately from the load equipment 600. When provided separately from the load equipment 600, the control unit 800 may receive power through the power unit 300 or may receive separate power.

Hereinafter, a detailed configuration of the power unit 300, the power distribution unit 400, the propulsion unit 500, and the load equipment 600 will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

2 is a detailed view specifically showing the internal configuration of a hybrid ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to FIG. 2, the power unit 300 includes a first battery 311, a second battery 312, a first fuel cell 321, a second fuel cell 322, and a first DC/DC converter 331 , A second DC/DC converter 332, a third DC/DC converter 333, and a fourth DC/DC converter 334.

In the example of FIG. 2, two battery systems such as a first battery 311 and a second battery 312 are illustrated as being built on the hybrid ship 10, but the number of battery systems in this embodiment is not limited thereto. .

Similarly, although two fuel cell systems, such as a first fuel cell 321 and a second fuel cell 322, are shown to be built on the hybrid ship 10, the number of fuel cell systems in this embodiment is not limited to this. Does not.

The first battery 311 and the second battery 312 store second power and transfer the stored second power to the power distribution unit 400. The second power of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 is transferred to the power distribution unit 400 after voltage conversion by the first DC/DC converter 331 and the third DC/DC converter 333, respectively. Can be.

The first battery 311 and the second battery 312 may be charged using first power supplied from the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322. However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The first battery 311 and the second battery 312 may also be charged using power supplied through separate paths.

The first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 may produce first power with vaporized gas generated in the fuel tank 200, and serve to transfer the generated first power to the power distribution unit 400 can do. As described above, the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 may also produce first power using hydrogen stored in separate tanks.

The first power of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 is converted to a power distribution unit 400 after voltage conversion by the second DC/DC converter 332 and the fourth DC/DC converter 334. Can be delivered.

The power distribution unit 400 may include a power distribution panel (DC main SWBD) 410 and a first DC/AC converter 421.

The switchboard 410 serves to supply power to the propulsion unit 500 and the load equipment 600 when the electric power of the electric power unit 300 flows in. A plurality of switchboards 410 may be provided in the hybrid ship 10, and may be configured to be interconnected through a switch.

The first DC/AC converter 421 serves to convert DC power supplied from the power unit 300 into AC power. The first DC/AC converter 421 may convert DC power supplied from the power unit 300 into AC power. The load equipment 600 may convert and use AC power supplied from the first DC/AC converter 421 according to itself.

The propulsion unit 500 may include two propulsion motors (AC motor; 510, 520) and two DC/AC converters (511, 521). The number of thrust motors and DC/AC converters provided in the thruster 500 may be one or three or more.

The second DC/AC converter 511 and the third DC/AC converter 521 convert DC power supplied through the switchboard 410 into AC power. In addition, the propulsion motors 510 and 520 serve to generate propulsion power using AC power supplied from the second DC/AC converter 511 and the third DC/AC converter 521.

The load equipment 600 may perform an operation for maintaining the ship. Various equipments using different electric powers may be provided in the ship. For example, the first load equipment 610, the second load equipment 620, and the third load equipment 630 are DC 12V (12V DC), DC 24V (24V DC), and AC 220V (220V AC), respectively. It may be equipment used. In order to convert AC power supplied from the power distribution unit 400 into DC power, AC/DC converters 611 and 621 may be connected to the first load equipment 610 and the second load equipment 620.

3 and 4 are exemplary views showing the operating states of the power unit and the power distribution unit during normal operation.

3 and 4, power of the power unit 300 may be supplied to the propulsion unit 500 and the load equipment 600 through the power distribution unit 400.

The distribution unit 400 may be provided with a fourth switch SW4 and a fifth switch SW5 on both sides centering on the distribution switch 411 of the switch panel 410, as illustrated in FIG. 3. Power may be supplied to the load equipment 600 through SW4, and power may be supplied to the load equipment 600 through the fifth switch SW5 as illustrated in FIG. 4.

The fourth switch SW4 and the fifth switch SW5 form an interlock relationship. Therefore, when the fourth switch SW4 is closed, the fifth switch SW5 is opened. Conversely, when the fourth switch SW4 is in the open state, the fifth switch SW5 is in the closed state.

For efficient operation and maintenance, only the power of the first battery 311 and the first fuel cell 321 is loaded equipment according to the operation of the power distribution switch 411, the fourth switch SW4, and the fifth switch SW5. It can be supplied to the (600), or only the power of the second battery 312 and the second fuel cell 322 can be supplied to the load equipment (600). However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto. It is also possible to supply all of the power of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, the first fuel cell 321, and the second fuel cell 322 to the load equipment 600.

1 to 4, the hybrid ship 10 using the fuel cell system and the battery system as a power generation system has been described.

As the battery system cools down, the battery life may rapidly decrease as the discharge occurs. Therefore, maintaining the temperature of the battery system at an image temperature at all times may help extend the life of the battery system.

Meanwhile, water generated when the fuel cell system is operated may be accumulated inside the fuel cell system. When the temperature of the fuel cell system decreases, the standing water can freeze, destroying or plugging the piping.

In this embodiment, the hybrid ship 10 may include an apparatus for managing the temperature of the battery system and the temperature of the fuel cell system so that the temperature of the battery system and the temperature of the fuel cell system are equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. This will be described below.

5 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a hybrid ship according to another embodiment of the present invention.

According to FIG. 5, the hybrid ship 10 includes a hull 100, a fuel tank 200, a power unit 300, a power distribution unit 400, a propulsion unit 500, load equipment 600, and a control unit 800 And it may be configured to include a temperature management device 900.

The temperature management device 900 performs a function of managing the temperature of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 provided in the battery system, that is, the power unit 300 to be above a certain temperature. To this end, the temperature management apparatus 900 may be configured to include a measurement unit 910, a comparison unit 920 and a temperature maintenance control unit 930 as shown in FIG.

6 is a block diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of a temperature management device provided in a hybrid ship. 6 will be described below.

Referring to (a) of FIG. 6, the measurement unit 910 performs a function of measuring temperatures of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 every predetermined time. The measurement unit 910 is implemented as a thermometer and attached to a first battery 311, a second battery 312, or the like, or a battery room equipped with a first battery 311, a second battery 312, and the like ).

The comparison unit 920 performs a function of comparing the temperature and the reference value of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 measured by the measurement unit 910. The comparison unit 920 may determine whether the temperatures of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 are equal to or greater than a reference value (for example, an image of 3 degrees) through the comparison. The comparator 920 is implemented as a microcontroller (MCU) (or microprocessor (MCU)) that receives and processes measured values from a thermometer, and may be installed in a control room of the hybrid ship 10.

The measurement unit 910 and the comparison unit 920 may be integrated into one device. In this case, the temperature management device 900 may include a monitoring unit 940 instead of the measurement unit 910 and the comparison unit 920, as shown in FIG. 6(b).

The monitoring unit 940 measures the temperature of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like to determine whether the temperature of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, etc. is greater than or equal to a reference value To perform. The monitoring unit 940 may be implemented as a battery management system (BMS) or an energy management system (EMS).

When the temperature maintenance control unit 930 determines that the temperatures of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 are less than the reference value, the temperatures of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 are greater than or equal to the reference value. It performs the function of controlling as much as possible.

When it is determined that the temperature of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 is less than the reference value, the temperature maintenance control unit 930 operates the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like. It generates heat energy and supplies this heat energy to a battery room in which the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like are installed, so that the temperatures of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like are It can be controlled to be above the reference value.

When the temperature of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like is to be increased, the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like are required in the lowest load mode, that is, to operate the fuel cell. Thermal energy can be produced while operating in a mode of producing BOP (Balance Of Plant) power. At this time, the heat energy generated by the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, etc. is supplied to the battery room, such that the temperature of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, etc. falls below zero Can be prevented.

Meanwhile, in the present exemplary embodiment, a heater is installed in a battery room in which the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like are installed, and the heater is operated to activate the first battery 311 and the second battery ( It is also possible to increase the temperature of 312).

Meanwhile, the temperature management device 900 also performs a function of managing the temperature of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 provided in the fuel cell system, that is, the power unit 300 to be equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. Can be.

When the temperature management device 900 is configured as illustrated in FIG. 6A, each configuration may perform the following functions.

The measurement unit 910 performs a function of measuring temperatures of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 every predetermined time.

The comparison unit 920 compares the temperature and the reference value of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 measured by the measurement unit 910, and thus, the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel. It performs a function of determining whether or not the temperature of the battery 322 is equal to or greater than a reference value.

When the temperature maintaining control unit 930 determines that the temperatures of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 are less than the reference value, the temperature of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 is determined. It performs the function of controlling so that it is higher than the reference value.

When it is determined that the temperature of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 is less than a reference value, the temperature maintenance control unit 930 applies the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like. It can be operated. When the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like are operated, heat energy is generated by itself, and it becomes possible to increase the temperature of the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like. Can be.

Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, a heater is installed in a room in which the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like are installed, and the heater is operated to activate the first fuel cell 321 and the second. It is also possible to increase the temperature of the fuel cell 322 and the like.

When the temperature management device 900 is configured as illustrated in FIG. 6B, each configuration may perform the following functions.

The monitoring unit 940 measures the temperature of the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like, and the temperature of the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, etc. It performs the function of determining whether or not it is higher than the reference value.

When the temperature maintaining control unit 930 determines that the temperatures of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 are less than the reference value, the temperature of the first fuel cell 321 and the second fuel cell 322 is determined. It performs the function of controlling so that it is higher than the reference value.

Meanwhile, as described above, inside the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like, water generated when power is generated may be accumulated. Water accumulated in the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, or the like is frozen when the temperatures of the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like become freezing, thereby destroying the piping or It can be plugged.

In this embodiment, by forming an outlet on one side of the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, the temperature of the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, etc. After raising to this extent, it is also possible to detach the stopper blocking the outlet so that water is discharged to the outside.

Next, a method of operating the temperature management device 900 will be described. 7 is a flowchart schematically showing a method of operating a temperature management device provided in a hybrid ship.

Hereinafter, a case in which the temperature of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like is managed will be described, but in the case of managing the temperature of the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, etc. Of course, the same method can be applied.

First, the measurement unit 910 measures the temperature of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like every predetermined time (S1010).

Thereafter, the comparison unit 920 compares the temperature and the reference value of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 to determine whether the temperature of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 is greater than or equal to the reference value. It is determined whether or not (S1020).

If it is determined that the temperatures of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 are greater than or equal to the reference value, the temperature maintenance control unit 930 does not perform any function.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the temperatures of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 are less than the reference value, the temperature maintenance control unit 930 has the temperature of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312 equal to or greater than the reference value. To this end, the temperature of the first battery 311, the second battery 312, and the like is increased (S1030). The temperature maintenance control unit 930 operates the first fuel cell 321, the second fuel cell 322, and the like to operate the BOP power production mode, and generates heat energy generated at this time by the first battery 311 and the second battery 312. ) May be supplied to a battery room in which the lamps are installed to increase the temperatures of the first battery 311 and the second battery 312.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the above and the accompanying drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can implement the present invention in other specific forms without changing its technical spirit or essential features. You will understand that there is. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.

10: hybrid ship 100: hull
200: fuel tank 300: power unit
311, 312: battery 321, 322: fuel cell
331, 332, 333, 334: DC/DC converter 400: power distribution unit
410: switchboard 421: DC/AC converter
500: propulsion unit 510, 520: propulsion motor
600: load equipment 611, 621: AC/DC converter
800: control unit 900: temperature management device
910: measuring unit 920: comparison unit
930: temperature maintenance control unit 940: monitoring unit

Claims (5)

It has a fuel cell for producing a first power used to operate the ship, and a battery for storing the second power used to operate the ship, the load equipment provided on board the load and the first power A power unit supplying at least one of the second powers;
A distribution unit that delivers at least one of the first power and the second power to the load equipment;
A propulsion unit for propagating the ship according to the operation plan of the ship, using at least one of the first power and the second power; And
And a temperature management device for monitoring the temperature of the battery, operating the fuel cell to generate thermal energy when the temperature of the battery is lower than a reference value, and increasing the temperature of the battery by supplying the thermal energy to the battery And
The load equipment is a hybrid ship equipped with control equipment for controlling the power unit. According to claim 1,
When the temperature management device generates the thermal energy, the hybrid ship operates the fuel cell in a mode for producing BOP power. According to claim 1,
The temperature management device monitors the temperature of the fuel cell, and when the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the reference value, the fuel cell is operated to prevent freezing of water accumulated in the fuel cell or a heater. A hybrid ship that prevents freezing of water accumulated in the fuel cell by heating the fuel cell. The method of claim 3,
The temperature management device is to increase the temperature of the fuel cell above the reference value, and then control the hybrid vessel to control water to be removed inside the fuel cell. According to claim 1,
The control equipment is a hybrid ship comprising at least one of a battery management system (Battery Management System), energy management system (Energy Management System) and power management system (Power Management System).

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