KR20200060842A - Flame Piloting Baffle and Gas Heater and Natural Gas Supply Apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a flame piloting baffle of a gas burner of a gas heater which is a natural gas supply apparatus and, more specifically, to a gas heater comprising a flame piloting baffle capable of suppressing formation of soot during combustion. According to the present invention, the gas heater comprising a flame piloting baffle, which is a gas heater for heating natural gas by combustion heat, comprises: a combustion chamber which burns a gas fuel to generate flames; a fuel supply pipe which supplies the gas fuel to the combustion chamber; a spray nozzle which is installed at an end of the fuel supply pipe and sprays gas fuel; and a flame piloting baffle which has the fuel supply pipe passing therethrough, is installed on the back of the spray nozzle, and protects the generated flames. The flame piloting baffle may include: a diffuser hole which is installed so that air for combustion is introduced into the combustion chamber while forming a vortex; and an orifice hole which is installed so that the air for combustion is introduced into the combustion chamber while forming laminar flow.

Description

Flame heater, gas heater and natural gas supply equipment including flame plate {Flame Piloting Baffle and Gas Heater and Natural Gas Supply Apparatus}

The present invention relates to a gas heater including a flame-retardant plate capable of suppressing generation of soot during combustion in a gas burner flame-retardant plate of a gas heater which is a natural gas supply facility.

Natural gas is transported by LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) carriers and stored at an on-board take-off base, and is supplied to local management stations at a pressure of about 70 kg/cm ² through a piping network.

The natural gas supplied from the production base to the regional supply control station is high pressure, so when supplying it to the gas demand, it is supplied under reduced pressure. As it passes through the gas filter and the static pressure equipment, it is decompressed to a pressure of about 8.5 to 20 kg/cm ² and is supplied to the city gas and power plants, which are the gas demands, through the metering equipment.

At this time, it is supplied under reduced pressure using a Joule-Thomson valve at an appropriate pressure. In this decompression process, a temperature drop of about 0.5°C occurs every 1 kg/cm ² decompression by the Joule-Thomson effect. Therefore, freezing occurs due to low temperature embrittlement in the piping, the constant pressure machine, and the downstream instrument, resulting in a problem that gas supply stability and safety of the gas supply line are deteriorated.

In order to prevent this, before decompressing the high pressure natural gas, preheating is performed so that the temperature of the natural gas does not drop below 0°C even after decompression using a gas heater.

In general, the combustion chamber of the gas heater is formed in a cylindrical tube shape, and a combustion device is installed on one side. An injection nozzle is installed at the end of the fuel supply pipe 40 inserted in the radial direction of the combustion chamber. In the fuel supply pipe, a conical flame plate is installed behind the injection nozzle. When the LNG fuel flows through the fuel supply pipe and is discharged through the injection nozzle, it is configured to ignite the ignition device provided inside the injection nozzle to make combustion. LNG can be preheated by the combustion heat generated at this time.

At this time, a blower is installed to force the combustion air to increase the amount of heat generated through more active combustion. Since the flame is placed in the high-speed air stream by the blower, the flame-retardant plate blocks the effect of the high-speed air flow so that the flame can be maintained in a stable settling state.

The above-described gas heater has a problem that not only the incomplete combustion amount is largely lowered in combustion efficiency, but also the unburned fuel amount is increased, thereby increasing the fuel consumption amount.

In addition, the above-mentioned flame-retardant plate has a problem in that the configuration efficiency of the device is deteriorated in that it blocks the influence of the high-speed airflow and simply functions to maintain the flame-fixing state.

In order to solve this, the flame is formed over a wide area of the combustion chamber, radially forming a slit in the inside of the flame plate to form turbulence to promote combustion, and improve the straightness of the combustion air to improve the length of the flame By increasing the, it has been proposed a method that allows heating by direct contact of the flame to the inner portion that does not reach the existing flame.

However, in this way, when the air for combustion forms a turbulent flow, in the process of mixing the fuel and the combustion air in a vortex form, the vortex phenomenon affects the injection nozzle, so that the combustion residue soot accumulates in the injection nozzle. Was found.

When soot accumulates in the injection nozzle, initial spark ignition for ignition is not smooth, but rather incomplete combustion occurs, harmful gases are generated, and combustion efficiency is lowered. In addition, the gas heater is a main facility of the natural gas supply facility, and if the gas heater is not properly operated, it will interfere with the stabilization of the natural gas supply operation.

Therefore, the present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems, and a gas heater including a flame-retaining plate which improves a part of the air flow type so that a vortex phenomenon occurring in a gas burner during combustion does not affect an end portion of a fuel supply unit is natural. We want to provide gas supply facilities.

According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the gas heater for heating the natural gas by the heat of combustion, Combustion chamber for generating a flame by burning gas fuel; A fuel supply pipe supplying gas fuel to the combustion chamber; An injection nozzle installed at an end of the fuel supply pipe to inject gas fuel; And the fuel supply pipe is passed through and is installed on the rear of the injection nozzle and the flame-retardant plate to protect the generated flame; Including, but, the flame-retardant plate, the diffuser is installed so that the combustion air flows into the combustion chamber while forming a vortex hall; And an orifice hole installed so that the combustion air flows into the combustion chamber while forming a laminar flow. A gas heater including a flame plate is provided.

Preferably, the orifice hole may be inclined toward the fuel supply pipe.

Preferably, the orifice hole may be located closer to the fuel supply pipe than the diffuser hole.

Preferably, the orifice hole may be installed at equal intervals in a circumferential direction larger than the outer diameter of the fuel supply pipe.

Preferably, the air flowing into the combustion chamber may form a laminar flow as it approaches the fuel supply pipe, and may form a vortex as it moves away from the fuel supply pipe.

According to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the flame retardant plate is installed in the combustion device to protect the flame by blocking the cross-section of the combustion chamber, the central portion of the fuel supply pipe hole is installed to pass through the fuel supply pipe; An orifice hole installed at a position farther away from the fuel supply pipe hole in a circumferential direction and passing air through laminar flow; And a diffuser hole installed at a position distal to the circumferential direction than the position where the orifice hole is installed and allowing air to pass through while turning.

Preferably, the orifice hole, the spray plate is inclined injection angle so that the air passing through toward the fuel supply pipe hole side.

Preferably, the orifice hole may be installed to be inclined 5° toward the fuel supply pipe hole side.

According to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a pressure reducing valve for reducing the high pressure of natural gas to a pressure required by the gas demand; And a gas heater installed upstream of the pressure reducing valve and preheating the high pressure natural gas before decompression so that the natural gas after decompression does not have low temperature embrittlement, wherein the gas heater is flamed using natural gas as a fuel. And a combustion chamber generating combustion heat to be supplied to the natural gas to be reduced. A fuel supply pipe supplying natural gas fuel into the combustion chamber; And a fuel supply pipe hole through which the fuel supply pipe passes, and a flame plate through which a through hole for supplying air for combustion into the combustion chamber is formed, wherein the through hole includes the combustion air along the outer wall of the fuel supply pipe. An orifice hole to be introduced straight into the combustion chamber; And a diffuser hole that allows the combustion air to flow into the combustion chamber while flowing, to prevent incomplete combustion in the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the orifice hole is formed to be inclined toward the fuel supply pipe, and the soot of the fuel supply pipe can be removed by air flowing straight toward the fuel supply pipe through the orifice hole.

The gas heater including the stain plate according to the present invention, by installing a plurality of orifice holes in the circumferential direction larger than the outer diameter of the fuel supply portion to the stain plate, it is possible to prevent the generation of soot on the stain plate and remove soot .

In this way, by removing the soot of the flame retardant plate, it is possible to secure the health of the worker, such as preventing the inhalation of carcinogens, and to significantly reduce the number of periodic inspections of the gas heater.

In addition, by installing the orifice hole at a slight inclination inside the fuel supply portion, laminarization of gas passing through the orifice hole can not only remove soot, but also improve the flame retardant function.

In addition, by removing the vortex of the fuel supply unit, it is possible to improve incomplete combustion and improve combustion efficiency by removing factors that interfere with the mixed gas of combustion air and fuel.

In addition, it is possible to smoothly ignite the initial flame for ignition and to stably operate the natural gas supply facility.

1 is a partially sectional view schematically showing a gas heater.
FIG. 2 is a partial perspective schematic diagram briefly showing a heat exchanger of the gas heater illustrated in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a burner head of the gas heater illustrated in FIG. 1.
4 is a front view schematically showing a stain plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a side view schematically showing a burner head provided with a stain plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the operational advantages of the present invention and the objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the contents described in the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, when adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible even though they are displayed on different drawings. In addition, the following examples may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, a gas heater and a natural gas supply facility including a flame retardant plate according to embodiments of the present invention will be described.

The gas heater 1 of the present embodiment is a natural gas supply facility, which receives high-pressure natural gas from an LNG carrier, and before decompressing the high-pressure natural gas to a pressure required by the gas demand, the temperature of the natural gas after decompression. It may be a means for preheating to a temperature that is, for example, 0° C. or higher, so as not to cause damage to pipes, devices, instruments, and the like at a later stage by low temperature brittleness.

Natural gas supply equipment, the gas heater (1); A pressure-reducing valve (not shown) installed downstream of the gas heater 1 and decompressing the high-pressure natural gas preheated by the gas heater 1 to a pressure required by a gas demander; And a static pressure facility (not shown) that supplies natural gas to each gas demand source, such as each city gas.

The pressure-reducing valve may be a Joule-Thomson valve, adiabaticly expand high-pressure natural gas, and while passing through the Joule-Thomson valve, the high-pressure natural gas may have a lower pressure and a lower temperature due to the Joule-Thomson effect. have.

The gas heater 1, as shown in Figure 1, includes a body forming an internal space; a heat exchanger 10 in the upper portion inside the body; a combustion chamber 20 in the lower portion; and a heat exchanger. Water (bath, water) can be accommodated.

The heat exchange unit 10 is a means for heating natural gas, and the combustion chamber 20 is equipped with a combustion device (gas burner) to form a flame by burning gaseous fuel, LNG fuel in this embodiment, thereby exchanging combustion heat by heat exchanger 10 ).

The heat exchange unit 10 includes a tube bundle 11 through which natural gas passing through a gas filter is distributed and introduced by a distributor and supplied to a pressure reducing valve.

The combustion chamber 20 includes a fire tube, a smoke tube for heating the heat exchange water, and a gas burner 60 for generating a flame in the combustion tube; and a blower 30 for supplying air to the gas burner 60; Includes.

The combustion tube is composed of a fire tube in which a flame F is generated and a smoke tube through which combustion gas generated by combustion flows.

That is, the heat exchange water can obtain heat through the fire tube and heat by the combustion gas transferred through the smoke tube.

In addition, the gas burner 60, the fuel supply pipe 40 for supplying gas fuel; An injection nozzle 45 installed at an end of the fuel supply pipe 40 to inject gas fuel into a fire tube; It is installed on the rear of the injection nozzle 45, and the flame plate (50) to maintain the production of the flame (F).

Combustion is supplied to the combustion chamber 20 through the fuel supply pipe 40, and when injected through the injection nozzle 45, the ignition device provided inside the injection nozzle 45 is ignited to perform combustion.

Referring to FIG. 3, the fuel supply pipe 40 may be positioned on the inner circumferential surface of the combustion chamber 20 by penetrating through the flame-retardant plate 50.

A plurality of injection nozzles 45 may be installed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction adjacent to the inner surface of the combustion chamber 20 at the end of the fuel supply pipe 40.

The flame retardant plate 50 is formed to have a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 20, and may be installed inside the combustion chamber 20, and blocks the cross section of the combustion chamber 20.

However, an amount of air sufficient for combustion passes through a plurality of holes formed in the body of the flame retardant plate 50.

Hereinafter, the stabilizing plate 50 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The flame retardant plate 50 according to this embodiment may be applied to the gas heater 1 described above.

The flame retardant plate 50 is provided in a circumferential direction in an adjacent portion centered on the fuel supply pipe hole 41 through which the fuel supply pipe 40 passes, and a plurality of diffuser holes 52 through which air passes; and a plurality of orifices Hole 51; is formed.

Referring to FIG. 4, the diffuser hole 52 of the present embodiment may be formed such that the incision line is lifted upward with respect to a plane formed by the retaining plate, that is, toward the combustion chamber. Since the incision line is lifted upward, a hole is formed between the body of the flame retardant plate 50.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the diffuser hole 52 may be formed in a slit shape.

The air blown from the blower 30 passes through the diffusion plate 50 through the diffuser hole 52 and flows into the combustion chamber 20.

At this time, when the air passes through the diffuser hole 52, the turning force is applied in the circumferential direction while moving along the bottom surface of the upper lifting portion.

In addition, the diffuser hole 52 is provided so that the air flow can form a vortex while passing through the flame retardant plate 50 by differentiating the left and right directions of the plurality of upper lifting portions.

Accordingly, since fuel particles injected through the injection nozzle 45 can be uniformly mixed throughout the combustion chamber 20 space, more vigorous combustion is possible and combustion efficiency can be improved.

The air passing through the plurality of diffuser holes 52 forms a vortex, and is mixed with the fuel gas introduced through the injection nozzle 45 by a vortex phenomenon, so that the flame F is a radius in the combustion chamber 20 It can be formed throughout the directional area.

In addition, referring to FIG. 5, the orifice hole 51 of this embodiment may be a plurality of through holes formed at a position closer to the fuel supply pipe 40 than the diffuser hole 52.

The orifice hole 51 may be circular, as shown in FIG. 5.

In addition, the cross-sectional area of the diffuser hole 52 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the orifice hole 51, and the amount of air introduced while forming a vortex through the diffuser hole 52 has a straightness through the orifice hole 51 and forms a laminar flow. While more than the amount of air entering.

Further, the plurality of orifice holes 51 may be formed on the fuel supply pipe 40 side rather than the circumferential direction in which the diffuser hole 52 is formed while being slightly circumferentially larger than the outer diameter of the fuel supply pipe 40.

The position where the orifice hole 51 is formed may be a position corresponding to about 110% of the outer diameter of the fuel supply pipe 40.

In addition, the orifice hole 51 may be formed to be inclined toward the fuel supply pipe 40 side, that is, the injection angle toward the injection nozzle 45 side, as shown in FIG. 5.

That is, the air flowing through the orifice hole 51 flows along the outer wall of the fuel supply pipe 40 to form laminar flow.

Therefore, the air flowing into the combustion chamber 20 through the orifice hole 51 and the diffuser hole 52 forms laminar flow in the fuel supply pipe 40 side and turbulence or vortex in the remaining space.

As shown in FIG. 5, the closer the fuel supply pipe 40 is to the side in the combustion chamber 20, the air flow is laminar, and the farther it is from the fuel supply pipe 40, the air flow is vortex.

According to this embodiment, the orifice hole 51 may be inclined about 5° in the direction of the injection nozzle 45.

If only the diffuser hole 52 forming the flow of air as a vortex is formed, the vortex formed by air introduced through the diffuser hole 52 affects the end of the fuel supply pipe 4, that is, the vicinity of the injection nozzle 45 Given, the soot is formed in the injection nozzle 45, and soot accumulates, causing problems such as ignition not occurring or incomplete combustion.

However, according to the present embodiment, a plurality of through holes inclined toward the fuel supply pipe 40 side, that is, the orifice hole 51 is installed at a position closer to the fuel supply pipe 40 than the diffuser hole 52, thereby providing fuel. By mixing the fuel and air due to the vortex phenomenon at the injection nozzle 45 side, which is the end of the supply pipe 40, the air introduced through the orifice hole 51 forms laminar flow along the fuel supply pipe 40, Incomplete combustion occurs at the fuel supply pipe 40 and the injection nozzle 45 side, soot is prevented, and the stabilization function is improved.

As described above, the embodiments according to the present invention have been reviewed, and the fact that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments described above are those with ordinary knowledge in the art. It is self-evident. Therefore, the above-described embodiments are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the above description and may be changed within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

1: gas heater
10: heat exchanger
11: tube bundle
20: combustion chamber
30: blower
40: fuel supply pipe
45: spray nozzle
50: stain plate
41: fuel supply pipe hall
51: Orifice Hall
52: diffuser hole
60: gas burner
F: Flame

Claims (10)

In the gas heater for heating the natural gas by the heat of combustion,
A combustion chamber that burns gaseous fuel to produce a flame;
A fuel supply pipe supplying gas fuel to the combustion chamber;
An injection nozzle installed at an end of the fuel supply pipe to inject gas fuel; And
The fuel supply pipe passes and is installed on the rear side of the injection nozzle and the flame plate to protect the generated flame;
In the stain plate,
A diffuser hole installed so that combustion air flows into the combustion chamber while forming a vortex; And
The orifice hole is installed so that the combustion air flows into the combustion chamber while forming a laminar flow. The method according to claim 1,
The orifice hole, the gas heater including a flame plate, inclined toward the fuel supply pipe. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The orifice hole is located closer to the fuel supply pipe than the diffuser hole, the gas heater including a flame plate. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The orifice hole is installed at equal intervals in a circumferential direction larger than the outer diameter of the fuel supply pipe, the gas heater including a flame plate. The method according to claim 1,
The air flowing into the combustion chamber,
Laminar flow is formed closer to the fuel supply pipe,
A gas heater including a retainer plate that forms a vortex as it moves away from the fuel supply pipe. In the flame retardant plate installed in the combustion device to protect the flame by blocking the cross section of the combustion chamber,
A fuel supply pipe hole installed through the fuel supply pipe to the central portion;
An orifice hole installed at a position farther away from the fuel supply pipe hole in a circumferential direction and passing air through laminar flow; And
It is installed in a position farther away from the orifice hole is installed in the circumferential direction and the diffuser hole to allow the air to pass through the turning; including, stain plate. The method according to claim 6,
The orifice hole, the spray plate is inclined injection angle so that the air passing through toward the fuel supply pipe hole side. The method according to claim 7,
The orifice hole is installed so as to be inclined 5° toward the fuel supply pipe hole. A pressure reducing valve for reducing the high pressure natural gas to a pressure required by a gas demand source; And
It is installed upstream of the pressure-reducing valve, the gas heater to preheat the high-pressure natural gas before decompression, so that the natural gas after decompression does not have low temperature embrittlement;
The gas heater,
A combustion chamber generating a flame using natural gas as fuel, and generating combustion heat to supply the natural gas to be reduced;
A fuel supply pipe supplying natural gas fuel into the combustion chamber; And
It includes; a fuel supply pipe hole through which the fuel supply pipe passes, and a stain plate through which a through hole for supplying air for combustion into the combustion chamber is formed;
The through hole,
An orifice hole through which the combustion air flows straight into the combustion chamber along the outer wall of the fuel supply pipe; And
Diffuser hole to allow the combustion air to flow into the combustion chamber while turning; including,
Natural gas supply facility to prevent incomplete combustion in the combustion chamber. The method according to claim 9,
The orifice hole is formed to be inclined toward the fuel supply pipe,
Natural gas supply facility for removing the soot of the fuel supply pipe by air flowing straight toward the fuel supply pipe through the orifice hole.

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