KR20200047293A - Distributed antenna system and operating method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of processing an uplink Ethernet packet of an aggregation node included in a distributed antenna system comprises the steps of: receiving a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets; summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets; and transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet in the uplink direction.

Description

DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEM AND OPERATING METHOD THEREOF}

The technical idea of the present invention relates to a distributed antenna system and a method of operating the distributed antenna system, and specifically, to a distributed antenna system using Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN).

Distributed antenna system (Distributed Antenna System) is an antenna system used to solve the problem of high traffic capacity in an indoor environment or a predetermined area by spatially dispersing a plurality of antennas.

The distributed antenna system is installed in buildings, tunnels, subways, etc. to provide communication services even in areas where base transceiver signals are difficult to reach, and it is also smooth in stadiums, large facilities, and places with high demand for services. Used for service provision.

As described above, the distributed antenna system is a system for compensating for limited output and coverage of a base station, and is widely used to solve a service shadow area.

Recently, as the communication service has been developed mainly for data communication, the distributed antenna system has been developed in a form of not only expanding the communication service area, but also providing various services.

The distributed antenna system requires accurate time synchronization because a plurality of physically separated antennas provide communication services. For such time synchronization, clock synchronization is performed by receiving GPS radio waves or a time division multiplexing-based network transmission technology is used.

However, such a synchronization method can be used only in a limited environment, and there is a problem in that a construction cost for time synchronization is high.

In addition, since the time synchronization method used in the distributed antenna system provides only some technical elements for time synchronization, there is a limitation that cannot solve new requirements such as interworking between heterogeneity and big data delivery required in the next-generation network environment. .

An object of the present invention is to provide a distributed antenna system using a distributed antenna system and a method of operating the distributed antenna system using Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN).

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an optimized uplink summing apparatus and method in a distributed antenna system using TSN.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a distributed antenna system that can efficiently cope with temporal and spatial traffic fluctuations.

In addition, the present invention has an object to provide a distributed antenna system synchronized with high precision, and to provide various services.

In addition, the present invention has an object to efficiently use bandwidth and minimize delay by summing uplink packets using an Ethernet frame.

The uplink Ethernet packet described in the present invention may mean an uplink Ethernet packet transmitted from a terminal to a source such as a base station.

Also, the uplink Ethernet packet may refer to packets according to a digitized, framed radio signal stream using Ethernet technology.

And the radio signal stream can be mapped to a flow. Therefore, the aforementioned uplink Ethernet packets may be referred to as uplink flows.

Therefore, in the following description, it will be described as an uplink Ethernet packet, but means one of an uplink radio signal stream, an uplink stream, an uplink Ethernet stream, an uplink Ethernet frame, an uplink frame, an uplink Ethernet flow, and an uplink flow. can do.

An uplink Ethernet packet processing method of an aggregation node included in a distributed antenna system according to an aspect of the present invention, comprising: receiving a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets; Summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets; And transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet in the uplink direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the sum of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is determined based on at least one of latency and bandwidth related to transmission of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets. The method may further include the step of summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and based on the determination result, summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets.

According to an exemplary embodiment, a summation delay generated according to summation of at least a portion of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, a pass delay generated according to transmission of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and the received plurality of ups And determining whether to add at least a portion of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on information on at least one of a change in bandwidth according to a summation of at least some of the link Ethernet packets.

According to an exemplary embodiment, in the multi-level transmission tree of the distributed antenna system, considering the level at which the aggregation node is located, determining whether to sum the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets. Including, summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets may include summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on the determination result.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets includes receiving control signals for summation and summation operations of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and the received control. The method may include summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets according to a signal.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets includes weighting each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and the plurality of uplinks including the assigned weights And summing the Ethernet packets.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the step of transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet in the uplink direction includes allocating a flow for the summed uplink Ethernet packet, and the summed uplink Ethernet packet is assigned to the allocated And transmitting in a flow.

According to an exemplary embodiment, summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets includes summing only a portion of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and uplinking the summed uplink Ethernet packets. Transmitting in the direction may include transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet in which only a part is summed and the remaining uplink Ethernet packets in the uplink direction among the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets. .

According to an exemplary embodiment, the summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets includes analyzing a header of each of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and based on the analyzed header, The method may include extracting a flow of each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, scheduling the extracted flows, and summing the plurality of Ethernet packets based on the scheduling.

A sub-system of a distributed antenna system according to another aspect of the inventive concept includes an uplink summing module that receives a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets and sums the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets; And a switch for transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet in the uplink direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the uplink summing module is based on at least one of latency and bandwidth associated with transmission of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and the plurality of received uplink Ethernet It may be determined whether packets are summed, and the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets may be summed based on the determination result.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the uplink summing module includes a summing delay occurring according to the summation of at least some of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, a pass delay occurring according to transmission of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and Based on information on at least one of the bandwidth change according to the summation of at least some of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, it may be determined whether to sum up at least some of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the uplink summation module considers the level at which the switch receiving the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is located in the multi-level transmission tree of the distributed antenna system, and the received plurality of It is possible to determine whether the uplink Ethernet packets are summed.

According to an exemplary embodiment, a control signal for the summation and summation operation of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is received, and the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets are summed according to the received control signal. You can.

According to an exemplary embodiment, further comprising a network controller, wherein the network controller is based on at least one of latency and bandwidth associated with transmission of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, the uplink The summing module may determine whether to sum the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and control the uplink summing module according to the determination result.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the network controller may control the switch to allocate each flow of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets and transmit each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets to the assigned flow.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the uplink summing module may assign a weight to each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and sum the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets including the assigned weight.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the switch may receive a flow allocated for the summed uplink Ethernet packet from a network controller, and transmit the summed uplink Ethernet packet to the allocated flow.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the uplink summing module sums only a portion of the plurality of received uplink Ethernet packets, and the switch sums up only a portion of the summed uplink Ethernet packets and the received plurality of ups. The remaining unlinked uplink Ethernet packets of the link Ethernet packets may be transmitted in the uplink direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the uplink summing module analyzes the headers of each of the plurality of received uplink Ethernet packets, and based on the analyzed headers, flows of each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets. And extracting, scheduling the extracted flows, and summing the plurality of Ethernet packets based on the scheduling.

The distributed antenna system and the service method of the distributed antenna system according to the embodiments of the inventive concept may provide a distributed antenna system using Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN).

In addition, the present invention can provide an optimized uplink summing apparatus and method in a distributed antenna system using TSN.

In addition, the present invention can provide a distributed antenna system that can efficiently cope with temporal and spatial traffic fluctuations.

In addition, the present invention can provide a distributed antenna system synchronized with high precision, and can provide various services.

In addition, the present invention can efficiently use bandwidth and minimize delay by summing uplink packets using an Ethernet frame.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to better understand the drawings cited in the detailed description of the present invention, a brief description of each drawing is provided.
1 is a conceptual diagram for a distributed antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an exemplary diagram of a distributed antenna system including a TSN switch according to various embodiments of the present invention.
3 is an exemplary view of a configuration of a distributed antenna system including a TSN switch according to various embodiments of the present invention.
4 is an exemplary diagram of a distributed antenna system including a control interface configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.
5 is a block diagram of a main unit configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.
6 is a block diagram of a framer configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.
7 is a conceptual diagram of a main unit according to various embodiments of the present invention.
8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a remote unit according to various embodiments of the present invention.
9 is a conceptual diagram of a remote unit according to various embodiments of the present invention.
10 is a block diagram illustrating a TSN switch configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.
11 is a block diagram of an uplink summing module configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.
12 is a conceptual diagram for uplink summation according to various embodiments of the present invention.
13 is a conceptual diagram for weight distribution according to various embodiments of the present invention.
14 is a conceptual diagram for the configuration of an uplink summing engine according to various embodiments of the present invention.
15 is a conceptual diagram for delay in an uplink summing module according to various embodiments of the present invention.
16 is an exemplary diagram for uplink summation according to various embodiments of the present invention.
17 is an exemplary diagram for uplink delivery according to various embodiments of the present invention.
18 is a conceptual diagram for uplink transmission at multiple levels in a distributed antenna system according to various embodiments of the present invention.
19 is a conceptual diagram for uplink summation control of a TSN controller according to various embodiments of the present invention.

The technical idea of the present invention can be applied to various changes and can have various embodiments, and specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

In describing the technical spirit of the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. In addition, the numbers (for example, first, second, etc.) used in the description process of the present specification are only identification symbols for distinguishing one component from other components.

Further, in this specification, when one component is referred to as "connected" or "connected" with another component, the one component may be directly connected to the other component, or may be directly connected, but in particular, It should be understood that, as long as there is no objection to the contrary, it may or may be connected via another component in the middle.

In addition, terms such as "~ unit", "~ group", "~ ruler", and "~ module" described in the present specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which is a processor or microprocessor. Processor (Micro Processer), Micro Controller (Micro Controller), CPU (Central Processing Unit), GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), APU (Accelerate Processor Unit), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or the like, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software or software.

Accordingly, the configurations described herein can be implemented by instructions executed by a processor.

In addition, it is intended to clarify that the division of the constituent parts in this specification is only classified according to main functions of each constituent part. That is, two or more components to be described below may be combined into one component, or one component may be divided into two or more for each subdivided function. In addition, each of the components to be described below may additionally perform some or all of the functions of other components in addition to the main functions in charge of the components, and some of the main functions of each of the components are different. Needless to say, it may also be carried out in a dedicated manner.

The uplink Ethernet packet described in the present invention may mean an uplink Ethernet packet transmitted from a terminal to a source such as a base station.

Also, the uplink Ethernet packet may refer to packets according to a digitized, framed radio signal stream using Ethernet technology.

And the radio signal stream can be mapped to a flow. Therefore, the aforementioned uplink Ethernet packets may be referred to as uplink flows.

Therefore, in the following description, it will be described as an uplink Ethernet packet, but means one of an uplink radio signal stream, an uplink stream, an uplink Ethernet stream, an uplink Ethernet frame, an uplink frame, an uplink Ethernet flow, and an uplink flow. can do.

In addition, the above-described contents may be applied to the downlink Ethernet packet as well as the uplink Ethernet packet.

Accordingly, the downlink Ethernet packet may refer to an Ethernet packet of downlink transmission transmitted from a source such as a base station to a terminal.

Further, the downlink Ethernet packet may refer to packets according to a digitized, framed radio signal stream using Ethernet technology.

And the radio signal stream can be mapped to a flow. Therefore, the aforementioned downlink Ethernet packets may be referred to as downlink flows.

Therefore, in the following description, it will be described as a downlink Ethernet packet, but means one of a downlink radio signal stream, a downlink stream, a downlink Ethernet stream, a downlink Ethernet frame, a downlink frame, a downlink Ethernet flow, and a downlink flow. can do.

As described above, the uplink Ethernet packet and the downlink Ethernet packet described in the present invention may be expressed in various terms as described above.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a conceptual diagram for a distributed antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the distributed antenna system 10 may include a point of interest (POI) 30, a main unit 100, a hub unit 200, and a remote unit 300. Here, the POI 30 and the main unit 100 may be referred to as a head end, and the main unit 100 may also be referred to as a head end.

The POI 30 may be connected to each of the plurality of sources 1a to 1b, and may receive a base station signal (BTS signal) corresponding to the downlink from the plurality of connected sources 1a to 1b. In addition, the POI 30 may transmit the processed base station signal to the main unit 100. Here, the number of the plurality of sources can be variously applied.

The POI 30 may perform signal processing so that the signals transmitted from the sources 1a to 1b can be processed by the distributed antenna system 10, and the terminal signals received and processed by the distributed antenna system 10 are source 1a. Signal can be processed so that it can be transmitted to ~ 1b).

For example, the POI 30 can attenuate a high power level base station signal and convert it to a level suitable for the distributed antenna system 10, and downlink and uplink the base station signals transmitted from the sources 1a to 1b. Can be separated by. In addition, the POI 30 may attenuate terminal signals processed by the distributed antenna system 10 to be suitable for the sources 1a to 1b.

Here, the POI 30 may be referred to as a signal matching device.

Meanwhile, the POI 30 may not be included in the distributed antenna system 10 according to the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) described later or the use of the Ethernet method.

Accordingly, some sources 1n-1 and 1n may be connected to the main unit 100 without going through the POI 30. Here, the sources 1n-1 and 1n that do not pass through the POI 30 may be sources using digital signals of various formats.

For example, the sources 1n-1 and 1n may be sources using data packets formatted according to a standardized telecommunication protocol. In one embodiment, the source (1n-1, 1n) is a public radio interface (CPRI, Common Public Radio Interface), an Ethernet-based public radio interface (eCRPI, Ethernet-based Common Public Radio Interface), an open radio equipment interface (ORI, It may be a source using at least one of Open Radio Equipment Interface (OBSAI), and Open Base Station Standard Initiative (OBSAI) protocol.

The main unit 100 may be connected to the POI 30, the hub unit 200, and a plurality of remote units 300 through a communication medium. Here, the communication medium may include an optical fiber, a coaxial cable, or an ethernet cable.

The main unit 100 may transmit the received base station signal to the hub unit 200 and the remote unit 300.

For example, the main unit 100 may convert the RF signal into a digital signal, and distribute the converted digital signal to the hub unit 200 and the remote unit 300.

Specifically, the main unit 100 may distribute the converted digital signal so that the received RF signal or data packet is transmitted to the remote unit 300 corresponding to an area to be output.

Here, the digital signal may include an Ethernet frame-based signal.

The main unit 100 may be connected to other main units, and may transmit or receive base station signals or terminal signals with other connected main units. Here, the base station signal may mean a downlink signal, and the terminal signal may mean an uplink signal.

The main unit 100 may distribute or redistribute capacity for communication services. Here, the capacity may mean a service capacity.

In addition, the main unit 100 may distribute or redistribute capacity for each service channel.

Further, the main unit 100 may support both a frequency division duplex scheme and a time division duplex scheme. For example, the main unit 100 may receive an FDD carrier and a TDD carrier. Here, the carrier may include data according to the service signal, and may also mean a service signal.

The main unit 100 may also be referred to as a Distribution & Aggregation Unit (DAU). Also, the main unit 100 may be referred to as a head-end unit.

The main unit 100 may include a TSN switch 400 to be described later. Alternatively, the main unit 100 may operate by being connected to the TSN switch 400 corresponding to the main unit 100.

The main unit 100 may have a form in which a plurality of main units are connected to each other. Accordingly, one main unit may be connected to other main units. And the other main unit connected to one main unit can be said to be an extended main unit. In addition, the main unit may be connected to another main unit through the extended main unit.

The hub unit 200 may be connected to the main unit 100 and the remote unit 300. For example, the hub unit 200 may be connected to the main unit 100 and a plurality of remote units 300 through a communication medium. In addition, the hub unit 200 may be connected to the main unit 100 and a plurality of remote units 300 through an Ethernet cable. Here, the communication medium may include an optical fiber, a coaxial cable, or an ethernet cable.

The hub unit 200 may be connected between the main unit 100 and the remote unit 300 to expand the connection capacity of the remote unit 300 of the main unit 100. For example, the hub unit 200 may be connected to the main unit 100, and may be connected to the first to sixth remote units 300a to 300f in various topology forms. For example, the hub unit 200 may be connected to the first to fourth remote units 300a to 300c in a star structure, and the fourth to fifth remote units 300d to 300e may be cascaded. Can be connected to the structure. Accordingly, the main unit 100 may be directly connected to the seventh to nth remote units 300g to 300n, and may be connected to the first to sixth remote units 300a to 300f through the hub unit 200. have. The hub unit 200 may be connected to a remote unit in various topology types in addition to the exemplary structure described above. For example, the hub unit 200 may be connected to a plurality of remote units in the form of a star, bus, ring, mesh, tree, or the like.

In another embodiment, the distribution antenna system 10 may be configured as a topology in which the remote unit 300 is connected to the main unit 100 through the hub unit 200.

The hub unit 200 may transmit a signal between the connected main unit 100 and the remote unit 300. In addition, the hub unit 200 may convert the format of the transmitted signal in the signal transmission process.

For example, the hub unit 200 may convert a digital signal transmitted from the main unit 100 to an Ethernet format and transmit data converted to an Ethernet format to the remote unit 300. In addition, the hub unit 200 may convert an Ethernet format signal transmitted from the remote unit 300 into a digital signal and transmit it to the main unit 100.

The hub unit 200 may supply power to the remote unit 300. For example, the hub unit 200 may supply power to the connected remote unit 300 through Power of Ethernet (PoE).

The hub unit 200 may monitor the current for each of the plurality of connected remote units 300, and automatically cut off power according to the monitoring.

The hub unit 200 may include a TSN switch 400 to be described later, and the hub unit 200 may be a TSN switch 400.

Accordingly, the TSN switch 400 to be described later may perform the operation or function of the hub unit 200 described above.

In addition, the hub unit 200 may include a plurality of TSN switches 400 in a hierarchical structure. Accordingly, a plurality of TSN switches 400 can perform the function of the hub unit 200.

The remote unit 300 may be connected to the main unit 100, and may be connected to the main unit 100 through the hub unit 200.

The remote unit 300 may output a signal transmitted from the main unit 100 through an antenna, and may transmit a terminal signal received through the antenna to the main unit 100.

The remote unit 300 may be divided into high power and low power according to the output.

The low power remote unit may be referred to as a low power radio node, and the high power remote unit may be referred to as a high power radio node.

The remote unit 300 may include an integrated antenna, and may be connected to an external antenna through an external antenna port.

In addition, the remote unit 300 may include or be connected to a plurality of directional antennas, and transmit signals to a specific area or a specific sector, and receive signals from a specific area or a specific sector.

For example, the remote unit 300 may include at least one sector antenna or be connected to the sector antenna.

Also, the remote unit 300 may include or be connected to an omnidirectional antenna and a directional antenna.

The remote unit 300 may selectively operate only some of the built-in antenna and the external antenna.

The remote unit 300 may function as an extended remote unit 300 that expands the connection between other remote units and the main unit 100 or the hub unit 200. Accordingly, another remote unit may be connected to the main unit 100 or the hub unit 200 through the extended remote unit 300.

In addition, a plurality of remote units connected through the extended remote unit 300 may be configured in various topologies. For example, a plurality of remote units connected through the extended remote unit 300 are configured in various forms such as a star, a bus, a ring, a mesh, a tree, and the like. Can be.

A network management system (NMS) 50 may manage a network including the distributed antenna system 10.

For example, the NMS 50 may monitor and control the components included in the distributed antenna system 10, for example, the status and operation of one node.

The NMS 50 may include at least one of a centralized network setting module 60, a centralized user setting module 70, and a TSN controller 500, which will be described later.

The above description of the distributed antenna system 10 is an example for explanation, and may be variously configured according to a designer's or user's selection. Therefore, it may be implemented as an analog processing configuration in addition to the above-described digital processing configuration, or may be implemented by mixing the digital processing configuration and the analog processing configuration.

In addition, the distributed antenna system 10 may further include a configuration to include or include configurations to be described later.

The distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention may perform time-based synchronization of components in the distributed antenna system 10 using Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN).

Here, TSN refers to an upgraded function of standard Ethernet, particularly the IEEE 802.1 standard.

TSN can provide a method of time synchronization of devices using packet transmission over Ethernet, the ability to use time coordinated to schedule periodic packet transmission, and a set of standard parameters for the configuration of all network elements.

Accordingly, the distributed antenna system 10 of the present invention can operate the TSN Ethernet-based to use the time synchronization element of the TSN. Here, TSN synchronization may be provided through the IEEE 802.1AS standard.

IEEE 802.1AS is an IEEE 1588 profile that provides a common concept of time across all nodes in the IEEE 802.1AS subnet.

Synchronization of multiple devices uses packet-based communication, can be synchronized over long distances without the effect of signal propagation delays, and I / O synchronization is less than 1 μs on devices using IEEE 1588 profiles, but can range from tens to hundreds of nanoseconds depending on system configuration The range can be greatly reduced.

 The IEEE 802.1AS profile compensates for the cable length between devices, so you can focus on the pros and cons of each topology for a specific application or create a hybrid topology that best suits your application's needs.

Here, the hybrid topology may mean a form of forming an entire network by combining two or more topologies. Accordingly, the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention may be configured as a network in which two or more topologies are combined.

Accordingly, the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention can operate on the basis of TSN to use the above-described advantages.

Referring to FIG. 2, a distributed antenna system including a TSN switch will be described.

2 is an exemplary diagram of a distributed antenna system including a TSN switch according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, a head end and a hub of the distributed antenna system 10 may include a TSN switch.

For example, the main unit 100 and the first TSN switch 400a may constitute a head end, and the second TSN switch 400b, the third TSN switch 400c, and the fourth TSN switch The 400d may constitute a hub.

In addition, each of the second TSN switch 400b, the third TSN switch 400c, and the fourth TSN switch 400d constituting the hub may be connected to the remote units 300a to 300i.

The TSN switch 400 may operate based on Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN). Accordingly, the TSN switch 400 may perform an operation for time synchronization using TSN.

On the other hand, in addition to the above-described TSN switch 400, the components included in the distributed antenna system 10, the main unit 100, the hub 200, the remote unit 300, etc. can all implement the TSN function, TSN It may support only some of the features. For example, the main unit 100, the hub 200, the remote unit 300, etc. implement the above-described TSN function, or some functions of the TSN, for example, time synchronization, packet preemption, TAS (Time-Aware Shaper) function can be implemented.

Therefore, the main unit 100, the hub 200, and the remote unit 300 may be TSN equipment. In the following description, for ease of description, descriptions of TSN functions such as the main unit 100, the hub 200, and the remote unit 300 may be omitted.

In addition, the TSN switch 400 can switch not only time synchronization using TSN, but also transmitted packets. Accordingly, the TSN switches can switch uplink packets and downlink packets. Here, the uplink packet and the downlink packet may mean an uplink Ethernet packet and a downlink Ethernet packet, and are the same hereinafter.

For example, TSN switches can be switched to transmit downlink packets to the node to reach, for example a remote unit.

In addition, the TSN switches may switch to transmit the uplink packet to a node to reach, for example, the main unit, and sum up the uplink packets in the transmission process.

In addition, the TSN switches may receive control information on the operation of each TSN switch from the TSN controller 500. And TSN switches can operate based on the received control information.

For example, the TSN switches receive control information on the flow of each uplink packet / downlink packet and the summation of the downlink packets, etc., from the TSN controller 500, and operate based on the received control information. You can.

The TSN controller 500 may have overall information on the inside of the network, and thus may have a global view. In addition, the TSN controller 500 may control the internal components of the network based on the overall information on the inside of the network and the overall viewpoint. Here, the inside of the network may mean the inside of the network constituting the distributed antenna system 10.

Specifically, the TSN controller 500 can know overall information inside the network, such as the configuration of nodes in the network, the connection configuration between nodes, the logical connection configuration, the state of each node, and the state of each flow. In addition, the TSN controller 500 may control not only TSN switches but also a configuration related to the TSN function in the distributed antenna system 10 based on the overall information inside the above-described network.

The above-described TSN switch 400 may be a software defined network (SDN) switch, and may include an SDN function. In addition, the TSN controller 500 may be an SDN controller or may include an SDN controller. Thus, the TSN controller 500 may perform the SDN function and may perform a control operation accordingly.

The TSN switch 400 may also be referred to as a switch or a network switch.

The remote unit 300 may be connected to the TSN switch 400 to perform distributed antenna service. Accordingly, the remote unit 300 may transmit a downlink signal or a downlink packet through an antenna, and receive a signal from a terminal (not shown) in coverage and transmit it as an uplink signal.

Further, the remote unit 300 may be configured in a hierarchical structure. For example, the first remote unit 300a connected to the second TSN switch 400b may be connected to the second remote unit 300b. Accordingly, the first remote unit 300a of the upper layer can transmit the downlink signal or the downlink packet to the second remote unit 300b of the lower layer, and the up received from the second remote unit 300b of the lower layer. The link signal or uplink packet may be transmitted to the second TSN switch 400b. Through this hierarchical structure, connection and configuration between remote units can be extended.

The TSN switch 400 having the above-described hierarchical structure may be included in the remote unit 300 or may be connected to the remote unit 300. So, the remote unit 300 can also perform functions or operations related to the TSN switch.

The above-described hierarchical structure should be interpreted as a logical hierarchical structure for describing the present invention. Therefore, a hierarchical structure may not exist in the physical configuration of the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention. For example, the second TSN switch 400b and the seventh remote unit 300g, the eighth remote unit 300h, and the ninth remote unit 300i may be connected.

Although not described above, the main unit 100 may be directly connected to the remote unit 300. For example, the TSN switch 400 connected to the main unit 100 or the TSN switch 400 included in the main unit 100 may be connected to the remote unit 300.

The above-described distributed antenna system 10 may be configured in various forms.

For example, the distributed antenna system 10 may have various network types such as a star, a bus, a ring, a mesh, a tree, and a star structure. It can be composed of. Also, the distributed antenna system 10 may be configured in a complex form including a plurality of network forms.

3 is an exemplary view of a configuration of a distributed antenna system including a TSN switch according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the TSN switches 400a to 400d configured between the main units 100a to 100c and the remote units 300a to 300f may be configured in a hierarchical structure and connected between each TSN switch. You can.

Each of the main units 100a to 100c may be connected to each of the first TSN switch 400a and the second TSN switch 400b, which are TSN switches located in an upper layer. Further, each of the main units 100a to 100c may be directly connected to another main unit.

The upper layer TSN switches 400a and 400b may be connected to the lower layer TSN switches 400c and 400d, respectively.

Each of the third TSN switch 400c and the fourth TSN switch 400d that are TSN switches of the lower layer may be connected to the remote units 300a, 300c, and 300d, and other remote units 300b, 300e connected in a hierarchical structure 300f).

The TSN controller 500 may collect information related to the operation of the TSN switches 400 and transmit control information about the operation.

Here, the information related to the operation of the TSN switches 400 may mean information related to Ethernet packets passing through the TSN switches 400, such as flow, delay, and traffic, and each of the TSN switches 400 It may contain information related to the status of.

Also, information related to the operation of the TSN switches 400 may include information related to a communication state, a network state, and the like in the distributed antenna system 10.

The TSN controller 500 may collect the above-described information using telemetry.

Specifically, the TSN controller 500 is distributed using flow unit information collection (for example, NetFlow), traffic sampling (for example, sFlow), and counter-based network monitoring method (for example, Simple Network Management Protocol). Information related to communication status, network status, and the like in the antenna system 10 may be collected.

In addition, the TSN controller 500 may collect network telemetry in an in-band manner. Here, the in-band method means a method of collecting telemetry data without generating a separate detection packet by inserting telemetry data into existing data traffic. The in-band method adds code that can track the movement path to all the generated data packets, and thus, checks the path of the packet through the corresponding code.

This in-band network telemetry is a network monitoring framework utilizing the P4 programming language, and can collect network status from the data plane without intervention from the control plane. For example, the TSN controller 500 is collectable network status information, switch ID, incoming port-related information (eg, port ID, time stamp), and outgoing port-related information (eg, port ID, timestamp) , Hop delay, link utilization, etc.), buffer related information (eg, queue usage, queue congestion status), and the like.

Accordingly, the TSN controller 500 according to various embodiments of the present invention can collect network telemetry in an in-band manner as well as an existing network monitoring technique, so that detailed network information in packet units in real time Can be collected. Accordingly, the present invention can improve network visibility using the above-described in-band network telemetry.

In addition, the control information for the above-described operation may include switching information for transmitting an uplink packet / downlink packet and summing information for the uplink packet. The switching information for transmitting the uplink packet / downlink packet may include information on the transmission path of the uplink packet / downlink packet.

The TSN controller 500 may perform the same role as the SDN controller. For example, the TSN controller 500 may determine a flow, which is a packet transmission path, and transmit information about the determined transmission path to the TSN switch 400. In addition, the TSN controller 500 determines the transmission path and uplink packet summation of each uplink packet / downlink packet based on network state and topology information in the distributed antenna system 10, and switches the determination result to the TSN switch 400. Thus, the TSN controller 500 can control the operation of the TSN switch 400 or the uplink summing module 600, which will be described later.

At least one of the TSN switches 400 in the distributed antenna system 10 may include an uplink summation module for summing uplink packets. Also, the main unit 100 or the remote unit 300 in the distributed antenna system 10 may also include an uplink summing module. The uplink summing module will be described later.

Meanwhile, the TSN controller 500 can communicate not only with the TSN switch 400, but also with other components in the distributed antenna system 10, and can transmit and receive control-related information and send and receive control signals.

For example, the TSN controller 500 may communicate with at least one of the main unit 100 and the remote unit 300, transmit and receive information related to control, and send and receive control signals.

In addition, the TSN controller 500 can communicate with the NMS 50 described above, and can exchange information related to control from the NMS 50. And, as described above, the TSN controller 500 may be included in the NMS 50.

The control interface of the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described.

4 is an exemplary diagram of a distributed antenna system including a control interface configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.

4, the distributed antenna system 10 may include a centralized user configuration module (Centralized User Configuration module, 70) and a centralized network configuration module (Centralized Network Configuration module, 60).

The centralized network configuration module 60 may receive communication requirements from the centralized user configuration module 70 and perform network configuration.

For example, the centralized network configuration module 60 may perform delivery path and scheduling of TSN flows.

The centralized network setting module 60 may perform network management based on the above-described telemetry. Specifically, the centralized network setting module 60 is the current state of each of the main unit 100, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 500 tracked by the NMS 50, TSN controller 500, and the like (for example, For example, end-to-end including request-to-request output, throughput, and real-time information on input and output, and a path for all Ethernet frames / data packets from the entire network perspective and processing time at each node. ) Receives real-time information on performance (e.g., throughput, delay, jitter), and performs the above-described network setup, transmission path, and scheduling of flows based on the delivered real-time information can do.

Also, the centralized network setting module 60 may perform configuration of TSN switches 400a and 400b.

The centralized network configuration module 60 may aggregate requests received from the centralized user configuration module 70.

The centralized network configuration module 60 schedules delivery paths (routing) and end-to-end transmissions for each TSN flow for each communication requirement received. , At least one of the calculated scheduling results may be delivered to each TSN switch 400.

The centralized network configuration module 60 may calculate a schedule after receiving a request for all flows from the user and the centralized user configuration module 70.

Here, the centralized network configuration module 60 may be an application executed in a customer premise.

The centralized network configuration module 60 may include a scheduler. Here, the scheduler may be referred to as a TSN scheduler. And the scheduler can perform the above-mentioned schedule calculation. The scheduler may be included in the TSN controller 500 described above.

The centralized user setting module 70 defines a sender and a receiver on a topology tree / map based on a physical topology, and correlation between flow specifications and flows Relationships can be entered.

For example, the centralized user setting module 70 defines the main unit 100 and the remote unit 300 on the topology tree / map, based on the physical topology, Bandwidth, latency, jitter, frame size, and correlation between each flow included in the flow specification may be input.

On the other hand, as described above, for the schedule calculated by the centralized network module 60, a user's confirmation process may be performed, and the schedule calculated after confirmation may be distributed.

The configurations identified here are the ID of each TSN flow, the start and end of transmission window at each hop, and the start and end reception window at each hop. of receive window at each hop), and calculated end-to-end latency computed. In addition, the ID of each TSN flow may include a destination MAC (DMAC), a virtual LAN (VLAN), and a class of service (CoS).

The centralized user configuration module 70 and the centralized network configuration module 60 described above may provide a fully centralized configuration or a partially centralized configuration.

As described above, the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a control interface for the distributed antenna system 10. And the distributed antenna system 10 through the above-described centralized user configuration module 70 and the centralized network configuration module 60, all based on the correlation between information, flow specifications and flows defined on the topology tree / map. After receiving the request for the flows, the schedule can be calculated, and the calculated schedule can be checked and distributed.

In addition, the distributed antenna system 10 may also perform trouble shooting for distributed schedules through the centralized user setting module 70 and the centralized network setting module 60.

Hereinafter, the main unit 100, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400 described above will be described in detail.

5 is a block diagram of a main unit configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the main unit 100 includes an RF module 110, an Ethernet module 115, a converting module 117, an ADC / DAC 120, a framer 130, a resampler 140, and a CPU ( 150), a MAC / PHY 160, a transceiver 170, and a power supply module 190.

The RF module 110 may include a plurality of RF modules.

In an embodiment, each of the plurality of RF modules may receive and transmit RF signals of different bands.

In another embodiment, each of the plurality of RF modules may be connected to different base stations to receive a downlink signal and transmit an uplink signal.

The RF module 110 can attenuate the downlink signal and convert the downlink signal into a digital signal. For example, the RF module 110 may attenuate an RF signal that is a downlink signal and convert it into a digital signal.

The RF module 110 may convert and amplify an uplink signal into an RF signal. For example, the RF module 110 may convert and amplify a digital signal that is an uplink signal into an RF signal.

The RF module 110 may include an Ethernet module 115 to be described later.

The Ethernet module 115 may include a digital signal interface, and may receive a digital signal, for example, an Ethernet packet. In addition, the Ethernet module 115 may transmit Ethernet packets.

Specifically, the Ethernet module 115 may interface to receive a digital signal of a standard such as CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface), OBSAI (Open Baseband Remote Radiohead Interface).

For example, the Ethernet module 115 may interface the digitized radio signal transmitted through Ethernet defined in the Ethernet based Common Public Radio Interface (eCPRI), IEEE 1914. In addition, the Ethernet module 115 may directly receive digital signals transmitted to CRPI and OBSAI and convert them into eCPRI. Conversion is described in the converting module 117.

In addition, the Ethernet module 115 may receive and transmit various Ethernet signals.

The Ethernet module 115 may interface with C-RAN (Centralized Radio Access Networks, Cloud-RAN), RAX (Radio Access eXchange), and integrated All-in-one BTS (BTS) to transmit and receive digital signals. .

The converting module 117 may convert a digital signal of a specific standard received. For example, the converting module 117 may receive a digital signal of a standard such as Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), Open Baseband Remote Radiohead Interface (OBSAI) and convert it into an ethernet based Common Public Radio Interface (eCPRI) standard. .

In addition, the converting module 117 may convert the eCPRI standard into the CPRI and OBSAI standard by inverse transformation.

The converting module 117 may be included in the Ethernet module 115.

Also, the Ethernet module 115 may transmit a digital signal in the uplink direction to the source 1.

The ADC / DAC (Analog to Digital Converter / Digital to Analog Converter, 120) can perform conversion between analog and digital. For example, the ADC / DAC 120 may convert an analog signal into a digital signal, and convert a digital signal into an analog signal.

The framer 130 may be Ethernet framed.

For example, the framer 130 may frame a digital signal, CPRI signal, eCPRI signal, OBSAI signal, etc. transmitted in the downlink direction into a DAS frame.

Here, the DAS frame may refer to a digital frame used in the distributed antenna system 10. The DAS frame may be a dedicated frame type used only in the distributed antenna system 10, or may be a frame type according to various standard standards.

In addition, the framer 130 may de-framing the Ethernet frame. For example, the framer 130 may deframe the DAS frame transmitted in the uplink direction.

The framer 130 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6.

6 is a block diagram of a framer configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the framers 130/330 are DAS / Ethernet framers (131/331), RoE framers (Radio over Ethernet framer, 133/333), eCPRI framers (ethernet based Common Public Radio Interface framer, 135/335) ), And may include at least one of a DAS / Ethernet framer (131/331), a RoE framer (133/333), and an eCPRI framer (135/335).

Accordingly, the framer 130/330 may perform framing / deframing with various types of Ethernet frames.

For example, the framer 130/330 may frame the received packet in the downlink direction into a DAS frame, and may deframe various types of frames in the received uplink direction. Therefore, the framers 130/330 may perform framing / deframing of various types of frames in addition to the above-described types as frames for the distributed antenna system.

The above-described framers 130/330 may be included in the main unit 100 as well as the remote unit 300.

See again FIG. 5.

The resampler 140 may resample the received digital signal. For example, when the digital signal received by the Ethernet module 115 needs to be resampled, the resampler 140 may resample the corresponding digital signal and transmit the resampled digital signal to the framer 130. For example, the resampler 140 may resample the eCPRI standard digital signal and transmit it to the framer 130.

Also, the resampler 140 may resample the digital signal received from the framer 130 in the reverse direction described above.

The central processing unit (CPU) 150 may process various operations related to the operation of the main unit 100.

Also, the CPU 150 may execute instructions related to the functions of the main unit 100.

The MAC / PHY 160 may include a media access controller (MAC) and a physical layer (PHY).

The MAC / PHY 160 may encode the received data or decode the encoded data. In addition, the MAC / PHY 160 may convert signals or data to be suitable for a transmission method.

The transceiver 170 can transmit and receive Ethernet packets. For example, the MAC / PHY 160 exchanges Ethernet packets with at least one of the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400 to which the main unit 100 is connected through the transceiver 170. Can receive

The transceiver 170 may interface between the RF module 110 or the Ethernet module 115 and at least one of the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400.

In addition, the transceiver 170 may support expansion for interfacing with other main units. Accordingly, the main unit 100 may be connected to another main unit through the transceiver 170.

The main unit 100 may aggregate packets received from the RF module 110 or the Ethernet module 115 under the control of the TSN controller 500, the hub unit 200, and the remote unit (300), may be distributed to at least one of the TSN switch (400). For example, the transceiver 170 may be connected to at least one of the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400 through at least one of an optical port and an Ethernet port, and the main unit The 100 may distribute the aggregated packet under the control of the TSN controller 500 to at least one of the connected hub unit 200, remote unit 300, and TSN switch 400.

The main unit 100 may perform noise rejection filtering and rate conversion. For example, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor, not shown) included in the main unit 100 may perform rate conversion, and a filter (not shown) included in the main unit 100 performs noise removal filtering. Can be done.

The main unit 100 may perform band allocation according to signal transmission under the control of the TSN controller 500, and may also perform sectorization. Also, the main unit 100 may operate to perform SISO / MIMO signal routing under the control of the TSN controller 500.

In addition, in addition to the main unit 100, the TSN switch 500 and the remote unit 300 perform operations for the above-described band allocation, sectorization, and SISO / MIMO signal routing under the control of the TSN switch 500. can do.

Specifically, the TSN controller 500 can instruct the main unit 100, the remote unit 300, the TSN switch 500, and the like to change the flow, change the flow tag, and the like for flow division, flow distribution, and the like. Components in the distributed antenna system 10 may be controlled to perform band allocation, sectorization, and SISO / MIMO signal routing.

The power supply module 190 may convert input and output power. For example, the power supply module 190 may convert input and output power from AC (Alternating Current) to DC (Direct Current) or DC to AC.

The configuration according to the operation of the main unit 100 described above will be described with reference to FIG. 7.

7 is a conceptual diagram of a main unit according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, when the main unit 100 receives the downlink signal through the RF module 110, the main unit 100 may frame the downlink signal from the framer 130 through the ADC / DAC 120. The framed Ethernet packet, for example, a DAS frame, may be transmitted to at least one of the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400 through the transceiver 170 via the MAC / PHY 160. .

When the main unit 100 receives a digital signal through the Ethernet module 117, it may transmit it to the framer 130 and frame the received digital signal. For example, when the main unit 100 receives an eCPRI standard digital signal, the main unit 100 may transmit the frame to the framer 130 and frame the DAS frame. The DAS frame may be transmitted to at least one of the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400 through the transceiver 170 via the MAC / PHY 160.

If necessary, the main unit 100 may convert the digital signal received from the converting module 117 and resample it in the resampler 140. For example, when the Ethernet module 115 of the main unit 100 receives a CPRI standard digital signal, the converting module 117 converts it to an eCRPI standard, and if resampling is necessary, it is delivered to the resampler 140 and resampled. can do. In addition, the converted digital signal or the resampled digital signal may be transmitted to the framer 130 and framed into a DAS frame. The DAS frame may be transmitted to at least one of the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400 through the transceiver 170 via the MAC / PHY 160.

In addition, when the uplink packet is received through the transceiver 170, the main unit 100 may deframe the uplink packet in the framer 130 through the MAC / PHY 160. In one embodiment, the deframed packet may be transmitted to the source 1 through the RF module 110 via the ADC / DAC 120. In another embodiment, the deframed packet may be transmitted to the source 1 through the Ethernet module 115. In this case, the deframed packet may be converted in the format in the converting module 117 as necessary.

8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a remote unit according to various embodiments of the present invention.

8, the remote unit 300 includes an RF module 310, an ADC / DAC 320, a framer 330, a CPU 350, a MAC / PHY 360, a transceiver 370, and a power supply module. 390.

The RF module 310 may transmit an RF signal to a terminal (not shown) in coverage and receive an RF signal from the terminal.

The RF module 310 may include a built-in antenna, and may include a duplexer filter or a band pass filter (BPF) filter.

The RF module 310 can amplify and filter the downlink RF signal.

The RF module 310 can filter and amplify the uplink RF signal.

The RF module 310 may select connection and use between an internal antenna and an external antenna port.

In addition, the RF module 310 may include a mechanical connector for selection between an internal antenna and an external antenna port.

The built-in antenna embedded in the RF module 310 may be included in various combinations.

The ADC / DAC (Analog to Digital Converter / Digital to Analog Converter, 320) can perform conversion between analog and digital. For example, the ADC / DAC 320 may convert an analog signal into a digital signal, and convert a digital signal into an analog signal.

The framer 330 can be Ethernet framed and deframed.

The framer 330 has been described above.

The central processing unit (CPU) 350 may process various operations related to the operation of the remote unit 300.

Also, the CPU 350 may execute instructions related to the functions of the remote unit 300.

The MAC / PHY 360 may include a media access controller (MAC) and a physical layer (PHY).

The MAC / PHY 360 may encode the received data or decode the encoded data. In addition, the MAC / PHY 360 may convert signals or data to be suitable for a transmission method.

The MAC / PHY 360 can transmit and receive Ethernet packets. For example, the MAC / PHY 360 exchanges Ethernet packets with at least one of the main unit 100, the hub unit 200, and the TSN switch 400 to which the remote unit 300 is connected through the transceiver 370. Can receive

The transceiver 370 may interface between the RF module 310 and at least one of the main unit 100, the hub unit 200, another remote unit, and the TSN switch 400.

In addition, the transceiver 370 may support expansion for interfacing with other remote units. Accordingly, through the transceiver 370, the remote unit 300 may be connected to another remote unit and function as an extended remote unit.

The remote unit 300 may aggregate signals received from the RF module 110 under the control of the TSN controller 500, and the main unit 100, the hub unit 200, and other remotes The unit may be distributed to at least one of the TSN switch 400.

For example, the transceiver 370 transmits the signal aggregated through at least one of an optical port and an Ethernet port to the main unit 100, the hub unit 200, another remote unit, and the TSN switch 400. It can be connected to at least one of the, and the remote unit 300, the aggregated packet according to the control of the TSN controller 500 is distributed to at least one of the connected main unit 100, hub unit 200, TSN switch 400 can do.

The remote unit 300 may perform noise rejection filtering and rate conversion. For example, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor, not shown) included in the remote unit 300 may perform rate conversion, and a filter (not shown) included in the remote unit 300 performs noise removal filtering. Can be done.

Under the control of the TSN controller 500, the remote unit 300 may perform band allocation according to signal transmission and may perform sectorization.

Also, the remote unit 300 may perform SISO / MIMO signal routing under the control of the TSN controller 500.

Operations according to the control of the TSN controller 500 have been described in the description of the main unit 100, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

The power supply module 390 may convert input and output power. For example, the power supply module 390 may convert input and output power from AC (Alternating Current) to DC (Direct Current) or DC to AC.

The configuration according to the operation of the above-described remote unit 300 will be described with reference to FIG. 7.

9 is a conceptual diagram of a remote unit according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, when the remote unit 300 receives a downlink packet through the transceiver 370, the framer 330 may deframe the downlink packet through the MAC / PHY 360. The deframed packet may be transmitted through the ADC / DAC 320 through the RF module 310 to a terminal (not shown) in coverage.

When the remote unit 300 receives an uplink signal from a terminal (not shown) in coverage through the RF module 310, it may frame the uplink signal in the framer 330 through the ADC / DAC 320. . The framed uplink signal may be transmitted to at least one of the main unit 100, the hub unit 200, a higher level remote unit, and the TSN switch 400 through the transceiver 370 via the MAC / PHY 360. have.

10 is a block diagram illustrating a TSN switch configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10, the TSN switch 400 may include a main switch module 410, a system CPU module 430, a system management module 450 and a power supply module 490.

The main switch module 410 may switch Ethernet packets.

For example, the main switch module 410 may switch each uplink packet / downlink packet to be transmitted according to a flow.

The main switch module 410 may switch flows based on the received schedule information. Here, the schedule information may be received from the scheduler, and may be received from the TSN controller 500.

The system CPU module 430 may control the overall operation of the TSN switch 400.

For example, the system CPU module 430 may perform operations related to TSN synchronization and flow switching related to the TSN switch 400. In addition, the system CPU module 430 may perform an operation for acquiring scheduling information.

The system management module 450 may manage the system of the TSN switch 400.

The system CPU module 430 and the system management module 450 may be configured as one module or a plurality of modules. Accordingly, the system CPU module 430 and the system management module 450 may be configured as an integrated module.

The TSN switch 400 may further include an IO module (Input / Output module, not shown). The IO module can include an input / output port. The IO module may be included in the main switch module 410.

The TSN switch 400 may be connected to other nodes through an IO module.

The TSN switch 400 may further include a fan module for cooling.

The power supply module 490 may supply power to the TSN switch 400.

The power supply module 490 may convert input and output power. For example, the power supply module 390 may convert input and output power from AC (Alternating Current) to DC (Direct Current) or DC to AC.

Meanwhile, at least one of the above-described main unit 100, hub unit 200, remote unit 300, and TSN switch 400 includes an uplink summation module (600) for summing uplink Ethernet packets. It can contain.

The uplink summing module 600 may sum a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets.

The uplink summing module 600 may sum up the uplink Ethernet packets at the provided position and output the summed Ethernet packets. The summed uplink Ethernet packets may be transmitted in the uplink direction.

The uplink summing module 600 will be described with reference to FIG. 11.

11 is a block diagram of an uplink summing module configuration according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 11, the uplink summing module 600 may be implemented in a form including various configurations.

As a first embodiment, referring to FIG. 11 (a), the uplink summing module 600 may include an uplink summing engine (UL Summation Engine) 610.

In a second embodiment, referring to FIG. 11 (b), the uplink summing module 600 may include an uplink summing engine 610 and a PHY / MAC 630.

As a third embodiment, referring to FIG. 11 (c), the uplink summing module 600 may include an uplink summing engine 610, a PHY / MAC 630, and a transceiver 650.

As described above, the uplink summing module 600 may be implemented in various forms depending on the location provided and the connected configuration.

The uplink summing engine 610 may sum a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets.

The uplink summing engine 610 may serve as a payload / worker.

The uplink summation engine 610 may normalize the uplink Ethernet packet and time align. Accordingly, the uplink Ethernet packets summed by the uplink summing engine 610 may be generalized and time adjusted. This will be described later.

The PHY / MAC 630 may include a physical layer (PHY) and a media access controller (MAC).

The PHY / MAC 630 may encode the received data or decode the encoded data.

The PHY / MAC / 630 may convert signals or data to be suitable for a transmission method.

PHY / MAC / 630 may transmit and receive Ethernet packets.

The transceiver 650 can interface with other devices. For example, the transceiver 650 may interface with a TSN switch 400, a remote unit 300, and the like connected to a configuration including the uplink summing module 600.

12 is a conceptual diagram for uplink summation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

12 is an example of uplink summation in the case of a PHY-to-PHY connection.

Referring to FIG. 12, the transceiver 650 of the uplink summing module 600 includes a plurality of uplinks from ports of the TSN switch 500 connected through an optical link or an internal connection. Ethernet packets can be received. Here, the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets may be Ethernet packets transmitted from a plurality of different remote units 300. Specifically, the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets may refer to a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets transmitted from a plurality of remote units requiring summation, and may refer to a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets having different flows. have.

The plurality of uplink Ethernet packets received through the transceiver 650 may be delivered to the uplink summing engine 610 via the PHY / MAC 630.

The uplink summing engine 610 may normalize by assigning a weight to each of a plurality of transmitted uplink Ethernet packets.

Further, the uplink summing engine 610 may time-align a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets.

For example, the uplink summation engine 610 may add sums by assigning different weights Wa (x) and Wb (x) to each of the uplink Ethernet packets, and the sum result Sa (x) Wa (x ) + Sb (x) Wb (x) can be output. In addition, the uplink summing engine 610 may add the same weight to each uplink Ethernet packet.

Where Si (x) is the packetized signal sampled at time t = x, and Wi (x) is the weight of Si (x) at time x (weight of Si (x) at time t = x). And i may belong to a flow summation set.

As such, the uplink summing engine 610 may normalize the uplink Ethernet packets through weighting for each of the uplink Ethernet packets.

The summing according to the weighting of the uplink summing module 600 described above will be described in detail.

First, referring to FIG. 13, the weight distribution for each node of the TSN controller 500 and the uplink summation using the distributed weight will be described.

13 is a conceptual diagram for weight distribution according to various embodiments of the present invention.

The nodes shown in FIG. 13 may be one of the components in the distributed antenna system 10. For example, each of the nodes may be one of the main unit 100, the hub 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 500.

Referring to FIG. 13, the TSN controller 500 may distribute weights for each node in the distributed antenna system 10. For example, the TSN controller 500 may distribute weights to each of the first to ninth nodes. Here, the weights distributed may be the same or may be different. In addition, the TSN controller 500 may dynamically distribute weights to each node.

The TSN controller 500 may assign a weight to each of the nodes on the corresponding flow based on the flows of each of the summed uplink Ethernet packets and nodes passing along the flow. In addition, the TSN controller 500 may distribute weights for uplink summation to each node based on the collected network telemetry.

Based on the above, weighting in the uplink summing module 600 and summing of a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets will be described.

In one embodiment, the uplink summing module 600 may sum a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on weights distributed for each node. For example, the TSN controller 500 may distribute weights for each node, and the uplink summation module 600 corresponding to each node sums a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets using the weights distributed to the corresponding nodes. can do.

In a specific embodiment, the TSN controller 500 may distribute the weight W / n divided by the total weight W to be distributed on one path and the number n of nodes on the path, to the nodes on the path. In addition, the uplink summing module 600 corresponding to the nodes to which the weight W / n is distributed may sum a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets at the corresponding node using the distributed weight W / n.

In another specific embodiment, the TSN controller 500 may distribute the total weight W to be distributed on one path differently to each of the nodes on the path. Here, the sum of weights differently distributed to the respective nodes may be the total weight W.

The uplink summing module 600 corresponding to the nodes to which the weight W / n is distributed may sum a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets at the corresponding node using the distributed weight W / n.

The weights distributed to each node described above may be dynamically distributed.

In addition, the uplink summing module 600 may combine a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets using maximum ratio combining.

For example, each of the uplink summing modules 600 corresponding to each node in the distributed antenna system 10 multiplies appropriate weights for each of a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets to be received or transmitted to the corresponding node, and the weight is multiplied up. Link Ethernet packets can be summed.

The uplink summing engine 610 can time align each of the uplink Ethernet packets.

Specifically, the uplink summing engine 610 may time-align each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets so that time synchronization of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is the same. The uplink summing engine 610 may sort a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on the time stamp of each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets. Thus, the uplink summing engine 610 can arrange uplink Ethernet packets corresponding to the same time stamp. In this case, the uplink summing engine 610 may time-sort each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets using a time stamp having excellent resolution.

For example, the uplink summing engine 610 may time-align the uplink Ethernet packets by assigning a time weight to each of the plurality of received uplink Ethernet packets.

The uplink summing engine 610 may assign time weights differently for each uplink Ethernet packet for time alignment.

The uplink Ethernet packet summed by the uplink summing engine 610 may be delivered to the transceiver 650 through the PHY / MAC 630.

The transceiver 650 may transmit the summed uplink Ethernet packet to the TSN switch 500. Accordingly, the TSN switch 500 may transmit the summed uplink Ethernet packet in the uplink direction.

As a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets are summed and transmitted in the uplink summing module 600, the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention can utilize the Ethernet frame while maximizing bandwidth.

The above-described uplink summing module 600 may be included in the TSN switch 500 or may be included in the remote unit 300.

In one embodiment, the uplink summing module 600 may be a component included in one node. For example, the uplink summing module 600 may be included in the TSN switch 500, thereby reducing transmission delay. Specifically, when the uplink summing module 600 is included in the TSN switch 500, delay between PHYs may be reduced. This may mean delay (②) according to reception and transmission illustrated in FIG. 15.

In another embodiment, the uplink summing module 600 may be an independent configuration that is not included in one node. For example, the uplink summing module 600 may receive uplink Ethernet packets for uplink summing from at least one node, and sum and output at least some of the received uplink Ethernet packets. In this case, the uplink summing module 600 may have a large amount of processing power to sum up a large number and a large amount of uplink Ethernet packets. For example, the uplink summing module 600 having a large capacity of processing may be connected to a plurality of nodes to perform the same function as the main unit 100 described above.

The configuration of the uplink summing engine 610 will be described with reference to FIG. 14.

14 is a conceptual diagram for the configuration of an uplink summing engine according to various embodiments of the present invention.

14 is an example of uplink summation in the case of MAC-to-MAC connection.

Referring to FIG. 14, when the uplink summing engine 610 receives a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets according to the MAC-to-MAC connection from the PHY / MAC 630, each of the plurality of ups is passed through an input arbiter. Header analysis (parsing) of the link Ethernet packet may be performed.

The uplink summing engine 610 may extract a flow matching a lookup from a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets analyzed by header.

The uplink summing engine 610 may classify the extracted flows based on queues.

The uplink summing engine 610 may schedule classified flows and packet-wise summation according to packets. Here, the uplink summing engine 610 may rewrite to sum according to packets. In addition, the uplink summing engine 610 may drop packets based on summation. Here, summation may mean summation of payloads included in a packet.

The uplink summing engine 610 may deliver the summed uplink Ethernet packets according to packets to the PHY / MAC 630 through an output queue. And the summed uplink Ethernet packet may be transmitted to the TSN switch 500 through the PHY / MAC 630.

The above-described configurations of the uplink summing engine 610 may be implemented with a field programmable gate array (FPGA).

The summation of a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets will be described.

The uplink summing module 600 may sum a portion of each of a plurality of flows of the same flow and the same time period based on a flow ID and a time stamp of each queue head of the received plurality of Ethernet packets. For example, the uplink summing module 600 may sum a portion of each stream corresponding to each of the plurality of Ethernet packets. At this time, the uplink summing module 600 may sum a portion of each stream corresponding to each of the plurality of Ethernet packets in consideration of the time difference based on the time stamp. The uplink summing module 600 may sum on a symbol-by-symbol and block-by-block basis, and may sum up the same time based on a window representing a constant time zone.

The uplink summing module 600 may cut a portion of the frame from each of the plurality of Ethernet packets to be summed, and sum the cut portions. For example, the uplink summing module 600 may cut the payloads to be summed in the same time zone, and sum the cut payloads in each target frame of the plurality of Ethernet packets to be summed.

The uplink summing module 600 may cut only a portion of the summing target in the same time zone and sum the cut portions, regardless of the frame unit, when the summing target is composed of only the payload.

For example, the uplink summing module 600 may sum a plurality of Ethernet packets based on a certain window. The uplink summing module 600 may check the time stamp of each of a plurality of Ethernet packets included in one window, and sort Ethernet packets of the same time. In addition, the uplink summing module 600 may remove each Ethernet head of a plurality of Ethernet packets of the same time, and sum only the payload. Accordingly, the present invention removes the Ethernet head containing the same information, generates a summed uplink Ethernet packet combining only the payloads, and can transmit the combined uplink Ethernet packet with the payloads, thereby efficiently using bandwidth. have. In particular, when the size of the payload of the Ethernet packet is smaller than or similar to the Ethernet head, bandwidth efficiency can be greatly improved by deleting unnecessary Ethernet heads.

On the other hand, a plurality of Ethernet packet summation of the uplink summation module 600 may be variously applied according to the Ethernet packet frame structure, etc., as described above, by removing redundant Ethernet heads and summing only the payload, a plurality of Ethernet packets can be summed.

The uplink summing module 600 according to various embodiments of the present invention is at least one of a state of a plurality of received uplink Ethernet packets, a state in which the uplink summing module 600 is located, and a state of the distributed antenna system 10. In consideration of, it may be determined whether to sum at least a part of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and may sum the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets according to the determination.

Specifically, the uplink summing module 600 transmits a plurality of received uplink Ethernet packets without summation at a layer of a node to which the uplink summing module 600 is connected or included, and a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets. In the case of adding and delivering, it may be determined whether it is advantageous in terms of latency and bandwidth.

Here, the layer may mean one layer in a multi-layer structure, or one level in multiple levels. In addition, the node to which the uplink summing module 600 is connected may be referred to as an aggregation node.

For example, the uplink summing module 600 delays and bandwidths in the case of forwarding a plurality of received uplink Ethernet packets without summation and when summing and transmitting a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on network status. You can judge whether it is advantageous from the side.

In one embodiment, the uplink summation module 600 sums uplink Ethernet packets in terms of delay and bandwidth based on various information collected through telemetry as described above, and transmits the summed uplink Ethernet packets or not. You can judge if it is advantageous. Specifically, the uplink summing module 600 is based on information such as communication status, network status, etc. in the distributed antenna system 10 collected from the TSN controller 500, and a plurality of transmitted to the uplink summing module 600 It is possible to determine whether to transmit at least a portion of the uplink Ethernet packets by summing or transmitting without summing.

Meanwhile, the uplink summing module 600 may perform uplink summing under the control of the TSN controller 500 without directly determining uplink summing. For example, the TSN controller 500 determines whether the uplink summation of at least one uplink summation module 600 in the distributed antenna system 10 is based on the network status, and the distributed antenna system ( The uplink summation operation of the at least one uplink summation module 600 in 10) may be controlled.

In general, in a multiple level delivery tree in the distributed antenna system 10, the summation of uplink Ethernet packets delivered in the uplink direction is the last layer of uplink flows in terms of delay. Alternatively, it is advantageous to add at the level, and from the viewpoint of bandwidth, it is advantageous to add for each layer or level that needs to be added.

In particular, in the case of an uplink, since there are relationships of multiple sources to a single destination, from multiple remote units 300 to one main unit 100, multiple flows are mapped to a single flow. (Multiple flows to a single flow mapping) may occur.

Accordingly, in the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the TSN controller 500 and the uplink summing module 600 determines whether to sum up the uplink Ethernet packet and the level to sum up the uplink Ethernet packet. At the determined level, a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets may be summed and transmitted. Here, the level means one level on a delivery tree of multiple levels in the distributed antenna system 10, and may mean the above-described layer.

In addition, the TSN switch 400 connected to the uplink summing module 600 or including the uplink summing module 600 may determine whether to sum up a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets at a corresponding level. For example, the system CPU module 430 of the TSN switch 400 may determine whether to sum uplinks at the corresponding level.

First, the uplink Ethernet packet summing determination of the uplink summing module 600 will be described.

15 is a conceptual diagram for delay in an uplink summing module according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 15, the TSN switch 400 included in the distributed antenna system 10 may be located at one level on a delivery tree of multiple levels. For example, the TSN switch 400 may be located at a level between the main unit 100 and the remote unit 300.

The TSN switch 400 may be connected to the uplink summing module 600 for summing at the corresponding level. The uplink summing module 600 may be included in the TSN switch 400.

The uplink summation module 600 may determine whether summation or summation of a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is performed by considering delays according to the level of the connected TSN switch 400 and the level on the multi-level delivery tree. .

For example, the delay considered by the uplink summing module 600 at the level is a pass delay occurring while passing through the connected TSN switch 400, a receive / transmission delay in the uplink summing module 600, and uplink summing. There may be a summation delay according to the summation operation in the module 600.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 15, at a level where the TSN switch 400 is located, a delay associated with an uplink Ethernet packet is a passing delay that occurs as uplink Ethernet packets delivered at a lower level are transmitted to the TSN switch 400. (①), the delay due to reception and transmission (②), the delay due to the summation in the uplink summation module 600 (③), and the summed signal are transmitted to the uplink summation module 600 and the TSN switch 400 There is a passing delay (④) for passing upwards through. Accordingly, a delay that may occur when summing uplinks at a corresponding level may be ① + ② + ③ + ④. In addition, the delay that may occur when the uplink is delivered without summing uplinks at the corresponding level may be ① + ② or ① + ② + ③.

In consideration of the delay that may occur at each level on the multi-level transmission tree in the distributed antenna system 10 as described above, the TSN controller 500 or the uplink summing module 600 uplinks at each level. It is possible to determine whether Ethernet packets are summed up.

Specifically, the uplink summing module 600 may calculate forward delay and summation delay of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and based on the calculated forwarding delay and summing delay, the received plurality It can be determined whether the sum of the Ethernet uplink signal.

Accordingly, the TSN controller 500 or the uplink summing module 600 determines the summing for the uplink Ethernet packets so as to take full advantage of the bandwidth according to the summation of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets while considering such delay. You can.

Based on the above-described content for uplink summation, uplink transmission will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 16.

16 is an exemplary diagram for uplink summation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

16 is a diagram for an embodiment of uplink summing in a lower level TSN switch according to the determination of the TSN controller 500 or the uplink summing module 600.

Referring to FIG. 16, TSN switches 400-1, 400-2, 400-3 and remote units 300-1, 300 which are some levels in the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention -2, 300-3, 300-4) may be located in units of respective levels.

Each of the lowest level remote units 300-1, 300-2, 300-3, and 300-4 may be connected to each of the upper level TSN switches 400-1, 400-2. In addition, the first TSN switch 400-1 and the second TSN switch 400-2 may be connected to a third TSN switch 400-3 of a higher level.

The first TSN switch 400-1 may receive uplink Ethernet packets UL 1 and UL 2 from each of the first remote unit 300-1 and the second remote unit 300-2. The first TSN switch 400-1 is the first uplink Ethernet packet according to the control of the TSN controller 500 or the determination of the uplink summing module 600 connected to or included in the first TSN switch 400-1. A summed uplink Ethernet packet (UL a) summed with (UL 1) and a second uplink Ethernet packet (UL 2) may be transmitted to a third TSN switch 400-3 of a higher level. Here, the summation of the first uplink Ethernet packet (UL 1) and the second uplink Ethernet packet (UL 2) may be performed by the uplink summation module 600 connected to or included in the first TSN switch 400-1. have.

The second TSN switch 400-2 may receive uplink Ethernet packets UL 3 and UL 4 from each of the third remote unit 300-3 and the fourth remote unit 300-4. The second TSN switch 400-2 is a third uplink Ethernet packet according to the control of the TSN controller 500 or the determination of the uplink summing module 600 connected to or included in the second TSN switch 400-2. A summed uplink Ethernet packet (UL b) in which (UL 3) and a fourth uplink Ethernet packet (UL 4) are added may be transmitted to a third TSN switch 400-3 of a higher level. Here, the summation of the third uplink Ethernet packet (UL 3) and the fourth uplink Ethernet packet (UL 4) may be performed by the uplink summation module 600 connected to or included in the second TSN switch 400-2. have.

As such, the first TSN switch 400-1 and the second TSN switch 400-2 sum up the uplink Ethernet packets, and the summed uplink Ethernet packets are the third TSN switch 400-3 of the higher level. Can be transferred to.

17 is an exemplary diagram for uplink delivery according to various embodiments of the present invention.

17 is a diagram for an embodiment of transmitting an uplink Ethernet packet without uplink summing in a lower level TSN switch according to the determination of the TSN controller 500 or the uplink summing module 600.

Referring to FIG. 17, TSN switches 400-1, 400-2, 400-3 and remote units 300-1, 300 which are some levels in the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention -2, 300-3, 300-4) may be located in units of respective levels.

Each of the lowest level remote units 300-1, 300-2, 300-3, and 300-4 may be connected to each of the upper level TSN switches 400-1, 400-2. The first TSN switch 400-1 and the second TSN switch 400-2 may be connected to a third TSN switch 400-3 of a higher level.

The first TSN switch 400-1 may receive uplink Ethernet packets UL 1 and UL 2 from each of the first remote unit 300-1 and the second remote unit 300-2. The first TSN switch 400-1 is the first uplink Ethernet packet according to the control of the TSN controller 500 or the determination of the uplink summing module 600 connected to or included in the first TSN switch 400-1. (UL 1) and the second uplink Ethernet packet (UL 2) may be summed, and each uplink Ethernet packet (UL 1, UL 2) may be transmitted to the third TSN switch 400-3 at a higher level. .

According to an embodiment, the first uplink Ethernet packet (UL 1) and the second uplink Ethernet packet (UL 2) do not go through the uplink summing module 600 connected to or included in the first TSN switch 400-1. It may be transmitted to the third TSN switch 400-3 at a higher level.

The second TSN switch 400-2 may receive uplink Ethernet packets UL 3 and UL 4 from each of the third remote unit 300-3 and the fourth remote unit 300-4. The second TSN switch 400-2 is the third uplink Ethernet packet according to the control of the TSN controller 500 or the determination of the uplink summing module 600 connected to or included in the second TSN switch 400-2. Without adding up (UL 3) and the fourth uplink Ethernet packet (UL 4), each uplink Ethernet packet (UL 3, UL 4) can be transmitted to the third TSN switch 400-3 at a higher level. .

According to an embodiment, the third uplink Ethernet packet (UL 3) and the fourth uplink Ethernet packet (UL 4) do not go through the uplink summing module 600 connected to or included in the second TSN switch 400-2. It may be transmitted to the third TSN switch 400-3 at a higher level.

Uplink summation at multiple levels will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18.

18 is a conceptual diagram for uplink transmission at multiple levels in a distributed antenna system according to various embodiments of the present invention.

18 may show only some levels of a multi-level transmission tree in the distributed antenna system 10.

Referring to FIG. 18, remote units 300-1 to 300-n may be located at the first level, which is the lowest level, and the second level and the third level, which are upper levels of the first level, and the fourth level and TSN switches 400-1, 400-2, and 400-3 may be located at the fifth level.

TSN switches (400-1, 400-2, 400-3) and remote units (300-1, 300-2, 300-3, 300-4, 300-5) that receive uplink Ethernet packets delivered at lower levels ) May include an uplink summation module 600 at each level or may be connected to the uplink summation module 600, and the uplink Ethernet packet of the lower level and the uplink Ethernet packet of the corresponding level received at each level. You can decide whether to add up.

For example, the fourth remote unit 300-4 of the third level is from the fifth remote unit 300-5 of the second level, and the second uplink Ethernet packet of the fifth remote unit 300-5 ( UL 2) and the nth uplink Ethernet packet (UL 1) of the nth remote unit (300-n), and can receive uplink Ethernet packets (UL 1, UL 2, UL 3) at a third level. You can decide whether to add up. In addition, according to the determination result, the fourth remote unit 300-4 may transmit the summed uplink Ethernet packet or the unsummed uplink Ethernet packet to the fourth level TSN switch 400-2, which is a higher level.

As described above, the distributed antenna system 10 configured in the form of a multi-level delivery tree may determine whether to sum up the uplink Ethernet packets transmitted from the lower level at each level, and to determine the uplink Ethernet packets according to the determination result. It can be summed and transmitted at a higher level, or transmitted at a higher level without summing uplink Ethernet packets. Also, the distributed antenna system 10 may add only a portion of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and transmit the summed uplink Ethernet packet and the remaining uplink Ethernet packets to a higher level.

As described above, in the distributed antenna system according to various embodiments of the present invention, in each level step configured in the form of a multi-level delivery tree, in an uplink summing module included in or connected to a corresponding node or node, uplink Ethernet It is possible to determine whether packets are to be summed, and the uplink Ethernet packets can be summed and transmitted to a higher level according to the determination result.

Referring to FIG. 19, uplink summing according to determination and control of the TSN controller will be described.

19 is a conceptual diagram for uplink summation control of a TSN controller according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 19, the TSN controller 500 of the distributed antenna system 10 can acquire status information from each of the uplink summable nodes and can determine the summation of uplink Ethernet packets at each node. . In addition, the TSN controller 500 may control uplink Ethernet packet aggregation for each node according to the determination result. In addition, the TSN controller 500 can control not only the uplink Ethernet packet summation, but also flow allocation and switching operations. In addition, the TSN controller 500 may acquire status information from a node that is not capable of uplink summation and control the corresponding node.

Referring to FIG. 18, in one embodiment, the TSN controller 500 includes TSN switches 400-1, 400-2, and 400-3 located at each of a plurality of levels and a remote unit of a node capable of uplink summation. Status information may be received from the fields 300-1, 300-2, 300-3, and 300-4.

The TSN controller 500 may determine whether to sum uplinks in each node based on the received information, and control the summation of uplinks of each node based on the determination result.

For example, the TSN controller 500 may determine whether to perform summation at each node in consideration of latency and bandwidth according to summation.

In one embodiment, the TSN controller 500 controls to transmit the uplink Ethernet packet to the upper level without summing at each of the second level and the third level, and in the second TSN switch 400-2 of the fourth level, It can be controlled to sum the received uplink Ethernet packets (UL 1, UL 2, UL 3). Accordingly, the uplink summing module 600 of the second TSN switch 400-2 may sum the received uplink Ethernet packets (UL 1, UL 2, UL 3), and the second TSN switch 400 -2) may transmit the summed uplink Ethernet packet to the third TSN switch 400-3 at a higher level.

As described above, the TSN controller 500 determines the uplink summation at each node composed of multiple levels in the distributed antenna system 10 implemented by TSN / Ethernet, and the uplink summation at each node according to the determination. It can be controlled to perform.

In addition, the TSN controller 500 may control to sum all the uplink Ethernet packets or only a part of all the uplink Ethernet packets when the uplink is summed.

For example, if the TSN controller 500 determines that it is advantageous in terms of bandwidth and delay to sum only some uplink Ethernet packets in the above-described second TSN switch 400-2, the second TSN switch 400-2 It may be controlled to add and transmit only some of the determined uplink Ethernet packets.

In a specific embodiment, the TSN controller 500 is a first uplink Ethernet packet (UL) which is a part of the uplink Ethernet packets (UL 1, UL 2, UL 3) received in the second TSN switch 400-2. 1) and the second uplink Ethernet packet (UL 2) can be summed, and the third uplink Ethernet packet (UL 3) can be controlled to transmit without summing. Accordingly, the uplink summing module 600 of the second TSN switch 400-2 may sum the first and second uplink Ethernet packets (UL 1 and UL 2) which are some of the received uplink Ethernet packets. And the second TSN switch 400-2 connects the summed uplink Ethernet packet (UL 1 + UL 2) and the third uplink Ethernet packet (UL 3) to the third TSN switch 400-3 at a higher level. Can transmit.

The TSN controller 500 according to various embodiments of the present invention may not only determine whether to sum uplinks at nodes of each level, but may also determine the flow of each uplink Ethernet packet.

Accordingly, the TSN controller 500 may determine a flow for each of the main unit 100, the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400 included in the distributed antenna system 10, , It is possible to determine whether the uplink Ethernet packets are summed. In addition, the TSN controller 500 can transmit and control information on the determined flow and summation to each of the main unit 100, the hub unit 200, the remote unit 300, and the TSN switch 400, which are nodes. have.

Thus, the distributed antenna system 10 according to various embodiments of the present invention can determine and allocate a flow, which is a path through which an uplink Ethernet packet is transmitted, by the TSN controller 500 and operate according to the allocated flow The components included in the distributed antenna system 10 can be controlled.

In the above description, the uplink summation target is described as an uplink Ethernet packet or an uplink packet for ease of description, but as described above, the uplink Ethernet packet is transmitted upward from the terminal toward a source such as a base station. It can mean the Ethernet packet.

Also, the uplink Ethernet packet may refer to packets according to a digitized, framed radio signal stream using Ethernet technology.

And the radio signal stream can be mapped to a flow. Therefore, the aforementioned uplink Ethernet packets may be referred to as uplink flows.

Therefore, in the above description, although described as an uplink Ethernet packet, it can be expressed as one of an uplink radio signal stream, an uplink stream, an uplink Ethernet stream, an uplink Ethernet frame, an uplink frame, an uplink Ethernet flow, and an uplink flow. have.

As described above, the distributed antenna system according to various embodiments of the present invention can be synchronized with high precision using TSN and provide various services.

In addition, the present invention provides an optimized uplink summation in a distributed antenna system using an Ethernet frame and TSN, thereby efficiently using bandwidth and minimizing delay. Therefore, the present invention can provide a distributed antenna system capable of efficiently coping with temporal and spatial traffic fluctuations.

As described above, the technical idea of the present invention has been described in detail with various embodiments, but the technical idea of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and has ordinary knowledge in the art within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Various modifications and changes are possible.

1a ~ 1n: BTS 10: distributed antenna system
30: POI 50: NMS
60: Centralized network configuration module
70: centralized user configuration module
100: main unit 110: RF module
115: Ethernet module 117: Converting module
120: ADC / DAC 130: Framer
131/331: DAS / Ethernet framer 133/333: RoE framer
135/335: eCPRI framer 140: resampler
150: CPU 160: MAC / PHY
170: transceiver 190: power supply module
200: hub unit 300: remote unit
310: RF module 320: ADC / DAC
330: Framer 350: CPU
360: MAC / PHY 370: Transceiver
390: power supply module 400: TSN switch
410: main switch module 430: system CPU module
450: System Management Module 490: Power Supply Module
500: TSN controller 600: uplink summing module
610: uplink summing engine 630: PHY / MAC
650 transceiver

Claims (20)

In the uplink Ethernet packet processing method of the aggregation node (aggregation node) included in the distributed antenna system,
Receiving a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets from at least one lower node;
Summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets on a packet-by-packet basis; And
And transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet to an upper node.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 1,
Further comprising the step of determining whether the sum of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, based on at least one of the latency (latency) and bandwidth (bandwidth) associated with the transmission of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
The summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is
And summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on the determination result.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 2,
The step of determining whether the summation is
A summation delay generated according to the summation of at least a portion of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, a pass delay generated according to transmission of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and at least a portion of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets And determining whether to add at least a part of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on information on at least one of a bandwidth change according to summation.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 1,
In the multi-level transmission tree of the distributed antenna system, considering the level at which the aggregation node is located, further comprising determining whether to sum the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
The summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is
And summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on the determination result.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 1,
The summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is
Receiving a control signal for summation and summation operation of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets;
And summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets according to the received control signal.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 1,
The summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is
Weighting each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets;
And summing the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets containing the assigned weight.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 1,
The step of transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet to the upper node is
Allocating a flow for the summed uplink Ethernet packet,
And transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet to the upper node according to the allocated flow.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 1,
The summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is
And adding up only a part of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
The step of transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet to the upper node is
And transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet summing only a part of the summed uplink Ethernet packets among the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets to the upper node.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
According to claim 1,
The summing of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is
Analyzing a header of each of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
Extracting a flow of each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets based on the analyzed header,
Scheduling the extracted flows,
And adding the plurality of Ethernet packets based on the scheduling.
How to handle uplink Ethernet packets.
In the sub-system of the distributed antenna system,
An uplink summing module that receives a plurality of uplink Ethernet packets and sums the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets in packet units; And
And a switch for transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet in the uplink direction.
Subsystem.
The method of claim 10,
The uplink summing module
Based on at least one of latency and bandwidth related to transmission of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, it is determined whether to sum the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
Based on the determination result, summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets
Subsystem.
The method of claim 11,
The uplink summing module
A summation delay generated according to the summation of at least a portion of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, a pass delay generated according to transmission of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, and at least a portion of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets Based on the information on at least one of the bandwidth change according to the summation, it is determined whether to sum up at least a part of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets
Subsystem.
The method of claim 11,
The uplink summing module
In the multi-level transmission tree of the distributed antenna system, considering whether a level of the switch receiving the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is located, determining whether to sum the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets
Subsystem.
The method of claim 10,
The uplink summing module
A control signal for summation and summation operation of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is received,
Summing the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets according to the received control signal
Subsystem.
The method of claim 10,
Further including a network controller,
The network controller
Based on at least one of latency and bandwidth related to transmission of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets, it is determined whether the uplink summing module sums the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
According to the determination result, to control the uplink summing module
Subsystem.
The method of claim 15,
The network controller
Allocate the flow of each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
Controlling the switch to transmit each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets in the assigned flow
Subsystem.
The method of claim 10,
The uplink summing module
Weighting for each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
Summing the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets containing the assigned weight
Subsystem.
The method of claim 10,
The switch
Receiving a flow allocated for the summed uplink Ethernet packet from a network controller,
Transmitting the summed uplink Ethernet packet to the assigned flow
Subsystem.
The method of claim 10,
The uplink summing module
Adding only a part of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
The switch
The summed uplink Ethernet packet summing only a part and the remaining uplink Ethernet packets not summed among the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets are transmitted in the uplink direction.
Subsystem.
The method of claim 10,
The uplink summing module
Analyze the header of each of the received plurality of uplink Ethernet packets,
Based on the analyzed header, the flow of each of the plurality of uplink Ethernet packets is extracted,
Schedule the extracted flows,
Based on the scheduling, summing the plurality of Ethernet packets
Subsystem.

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