KR20200034702A - Apparatus using localized surface plasmon effect based on actuator and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plasmon coupling apparatus based on an actuator which realizes various color changes in a single pixel. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a dynamic pixel of the plasmon coupling apparatus includes: an actuator contracted or expanded by heat or voltage applied from the outside to change the size thereof; a core structure formed on the actuator; and a satellite structure formed on the actuator, and plasmon-coupled to the core structure by a size change of the actuator. An optical length for the plasmon coupling is determined by a preset parameter, and a color is determined by the determined optical length.

Description

Apparatus using local plasmon effect based on actuator and its manufacturing method {APPARATUS USING LOCALIZED SURFACE PLASMON EFFECT BASED ON ACTUATOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to an apparatus using a local plasmon effect based on an actuator and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly, to a color change control technology using a nanostructure based on a local plasmon effect.

In addition, the present invention is derived from the research results of the ICT Masterpiece Talent Cultivation Project (IITP-2017-2017-0-01015) and Personal Research Support Project (Mid-sized Research) (NRF-2016R1A2B2014612) of the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning will be.

The surface plasmon resonance phenomenon is a collective oscillation motion excited by the movement of electrons in the conduction band of the metal surface and the resonance of the incident photons, and is a unique observation observed at the interface between the dielectric and the metal having an enhanced local electromagnetic field. Optical properties.

Metal nanostructures have sensitive optoelectronic properties due to localized surface plasmon resonance and have demonstrated their potential function in electronics, magnetics, optics, and sensing.

In recent years, great attention has been paid to understanding the role of surface plasmon coupling between adjacent nanoscale metal objects, and many pioneering achievements for coupling based on theoretical and experimental means have been reported.

Typically, plasmon nanostructures can induce near field coupling of surface plasmons, resulting in the occurrence of hot spots that are actively used for Surface enhancing Raman scattering (SERS). have.

Korea Patent Publication No. 2012-0000048, "Surface plasmon resonance sensor"

The present invention aims to realize various color conversions in a single pixel by adjusting the optical distance in nano units through an actuator and a plurality of plasmonic nanostructures.

The present invention also aims to improve color reproducibility by arranging a plurality of actuators in at least one of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure.

In addition, the present invention aims to improve the uniformity of color intensity by controlling the voltage of each dynamic pixel based on the calculation result of the color intensity ratio.

The local plasmon resonance phenomenon-based dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention is an actuator that changes in size due to contraction or expansion by a voltage or heat applied from the outside, and a core structure formed on the actuator. And a satellite structure formed on the actuator, which is a plasmon coupling with the core structure by a change in size of the actuator, and the optical length for plasmon coupling is a predetermined parameter. It is determined by (Parameter), and the color is determined by the determined optical distance.

According to one side, the actuator is a piezoelectric film (Piezo film), a piezoelectric wire (Piezo nano-wire), a dielectric elastomer (DEA; Dielectric elastomer), a voltage-reactive hydrogel and a heat-reactive hydrogel (PNIPAM; Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)) ).

According to one side, the core structure and the satellite structure may include at least one of nano particles, nano rods, and nano wires.

According to one side, the satellite structure may have at least one of a core structure, a size, a shape, a material, and a density.

According to one side, the parameter may include at least one of a distance between a core structure and a satellite structure, a size of a core structure or a satellite structure, a shape, and a material.

According to one side, it may further include a dielectric filling the actuator, and the parameter may include a refractive index of the dielectric.

According to one side, the voltage applied from the outside is the ratio of the value of the core structure to the ratio of the piezoelectric coefficient, the target wavelength and the current scattering wavelength, which is the size of the core structure in the coupling coupling decay length of the dimer ( Fitting factor) can be calculated based on the ratio of reflected values.

According to one side, the voltage applied from the outside may be determined by Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

는 이합체의 커플링 감쇠 길이, D는 코어 구조체의 크기, Piezocoefficient는 압전계수,

는 목표 파장,

는 현재의 산란 파장, A는 피팅 인수일 수 있다.here,

Is the coupling damping length of the dimer, D is the size of the core structure, Piezocoefficient is the piezoelectric coefficient,

Is the target wavelength,

Is the current scattering wavelength, A may be a fitting factor.

A plasmon coupling device based on a local plasmon resonance phenomenon according to an embodiment of the present invention is at least one formed on at least one actuator and at least one actuator that changes in size due to contraction or expansion by an applied voltage. At least one satellite structure formed on the at least one core structure and at least one actuator, and a plasmon coupling with at least one core structure by changing the size of the actuator, and at least one satellite structure. It includes at least one electrode (Electrode) connected to at least one end of the actuator and a control unit to determine the optical distance for plasmon coupling by controlling the voltage applied to the at least one actuator through the electrode. And play Optical distance is determined by the group parameter (Parameter) is set for the driven coupling, and the color can be determined by the predetermined optical length.

According to one side, the parameter is at least one of the distance between the at least one core structure and the at least one satellite structure, the size, shape and material of the at least one core structure or the at least one satellite structure. It may include.

According to one side, the plasmon coupling device has an isotropic structure, and the plasmonic coupling device of the isotropic structure has a core structure disposed at one end of at least one actuator, and at least one or more at the other end of the at least one actuator. The electrodes are connected so that at least one actuator can share the core structure.

According to one side, the plasmon coupling device has a mesh structure, and the plasmon coupling device having a mesh structure may be arranged to cross at least one actuator.

According to one side, the plasmon coupling device has an anisotropic structure, and the plasmonic coupling device of the anisotropic structure has a core structure disposed at one end of at least one actuator, and at least one or more at the other end of the at least one actuator. The satellite structures are disposed such that at least one actuator shares a core structure, and at least one satellite structure disposed on at least one actuator sharing a core structure can each have a different size.

According to one side, at least one or more actuators may share the core structure as a common electrode.

According to one side, the controller may calculate the intensity ratio of the color according to the plasmon coupling in the at least one actuator, and control the voltage applied to each of the at least one actuator based on the calculation result.

The method of manufacturing a plasmon coupling structure based on a local plasmon resonance phenomenon according to an embodiment of the present invention is a step of forming an actuator that contracts or expands due to voltage or heat applied from the outside and changes in size, and the surface of the actuator Forming a thiol (-SH; thiol) group and forming a core structure (Core structure) on the surface of an actuator with a thiol (-SH; thiol) group and an actuator with a thiol (-SH; thiol) group The step of forming a satellite structure (Satellite structure) on the surface of the core structure and the satellite structure may be color determined by Plasmon coupling (Plasmon coupling).

According to one side, the satellite structure may have at least one of a core structure, a size, a shape, a material, and a density.

According to one side, the core structure may have a lower density than the satellite structure.

According to one side, the core structure and the satellite structure may be formed using at least one of an inkjet printing method and a roll-to-roll nanoimprinting method.

According to one embodiment, by adjusting the optical distance in nano units through the fusion of an actuator and a plurality of plasmonic nanostructures, various color conversions can be implemented in a single pixel.

According to one embodiment, color reproduction can be improved by arranging a plurality of actuators in at least one of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure.

According to an embodiment, the uniformity of color intensity may be improved by controlling the voltage of each dynamic pixel based on the calculation result of the color intensity ratio.

According to one embodiment, a manufacturing cost can be reduced by manufacturing a dynamic pixel through a printing process and a chemical process.

1 is a diagram illustrating a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of determining an optical distance by a distance between structures in a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2B is a view for explaining an embodiment of determining an optical distance by the size of a structure in a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2C is a view for explaining an embodiment of determining an optical distance by a refractive index of a dielectric in a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4A to 4F are views for explaining an embodiment in which an actuator is arranged in an isotropic structure in a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view for explaining an embodiment of arranging the actuator in a mesh structure in the plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6A to 6C are views for explaining an embodiment in which an actuator is arranged in an anisotropic structure in a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7A to 7B are diagrams for explaining an embodiment of uniformly controlling color intensity in a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8A to 8B are diagrams for describing a method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of this document are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the embodiments and terms used therein are not intended to limit the technology described in this document to specific embodiments, and include various modifications, equivalents, and / or substitutes of the embodiments.

In the following description of various embodiments, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in various embodiments, which may vary according to a user's or operator's intention or practice. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar components.

Singular expressions may include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In this document, expressions such as “A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may include all possible combinations of items listed together.

Expressions such as "first," "second," "first," or "second," can modify the components, regardless of order or importance, to distinguish one component from another component It is used but does not limit the components.

When one (eg, first) component is said to be “connected (functionally or communicatively)” or “connected” to another (eg, second) component, a component is referred to as the other component It may be directly connected to the element, or may be connected through another component (eg, third component).

In this specification, "configured to (or configured) (configured to)", depending on the situation, for example, in hardware or software, "suitable for," "with the ability to", "has been modified to It can be used interchangeably with "made to do," "can do," or "designed to do."

In some situations, the expression "a device configured to" may mean that the device "can" with other devices or parts.

For example, the phrase “processors configured (or set) to perform A, B, and C” means by executing a dedicated processor (eg, an embedded processor) to perform the operation, or one or more software programs stored in the memory device. , It may mean a general-purpose processor (for example, a CPU or an application processor) capable of performing the corresponding operations.

In addition, the term 'or' refers to the inclusive 'inclusive or' rather than the exclusive 'exclusive or'.

That is, unless stated otherwise or unclear from the context, the expression 'x uses a or b' means any of the natural inclusive permutations.

In the above-described specific embodiments, components included in the present invention are expressed in singular or plural according to the specific embodiments presented.

However, the singular or plural expressions are appropriately selected for the situation presented for convenience of explanation, and the above-described embodiments are not limited to the singular or plural components, and even the components expressed in plural are composed of the singular or , Even a component represented by a singular number may be composed of a plurality.

On the other hand, in the description of the invention, specific embodiments have been described, but various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the technical spirit of the various embodiments.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the claims described below but also by the claims and equivalents.

1 is a diagram illustrating a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the dynamic pixel 100 according to an embodiment may implement various color conversions by adjusting an optical distance in nano units through a material capable of physical movement and a plurality of plasmonic nano structures.

To this end, the dynamic pixel 100 may include a core structure (110), a satellite structure (Satellite structure) 120 and an actuator (Actuator) 130.

For example, the dynamic pixel 100 may be provided in a color sensor or a display device.

Also, the plurality of plasmonic nanostructures may include a core structure 110 and a satellite structure 120.

The core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 according to an embodiment may be formed on the actuator 130.

For example, the dynamic pixel 100 may include at least one core structure 110 and a satellite structure 120 on the actuator 130.

According to one side, the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 may include at least one of nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanowires.

In addition, at least one of the satellite structure 120 and the core structure 110 may be different from a size, a shape, a material, and a density.

Meanwhile, the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 may be nanostructures having the same size, shape, material, and density.

Next, the actuator 130 according to an embodiment may be contracted or expanded by a voltage or heat applied from the outside to change its size. In addition, the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 may be Plasmon coupling by changing the size of the actuator 130.

Specifically, the optical length for plasmon coupling of the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 may be adjusted by changing the size of the actuator 130.

For example, the actuator 130 may be connected to an electrode provided on the outside to receive a voltage of a specific size, or may be connected to a heating means provided on the outside to receive heat at a specific temperature.

Meanwhile, the optical distance may be a distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 for the color desired by the user to be expressed in the dynamic pixel 100.

According to one side, the actuator 130 includes a piezo film, a piezo nano-wire, a dielectric elastomer (DEA), a voltage reactive hydrogel, and a thermally reactive hydrogel (PNIPAM; Poly (N) -isopropylacrylamide)).

Specifically, the actuator 130 may be implemented by at least one of a piezoelectric material such as a piezoelectric film and a piezoelectric wire, and contracted or expanded by a voltage applied from the outside.

More specifically, the actuator 130 may use a piezoelectric material having a material displacement of 1-10 nm, and an optical distance for plasmon coupling between the core structure 110 and the nano structure 120 in the range of 1-10 nm It can be adjusted within, and the color of the dynamic pixel 100 can be determined by inducing color conversion according to a change in the optical distance.

For example, the plasmon coupling of a short optical distance causes a large shift of energy (Shift) to move to a long wavelength, and the longer the optical distance, the less the shift (Shift) of energy compared to the basic color of the core structure 110. Can happen.

That is, the actuator 130 contracts or expands according to the magnitude of the voltage applied from the outside to change its size, and the optical distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 may change due to the size change of the actuator. have.

Accordingly, color conversion occurs due to a wavelength change according to a change in the optical distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120, and the color of the dynamic pixel 100 may be finally determined by the generated color conversion.

According to one side, the voltage applied from the outside to the actuator 130 is the ratio of the value of the core structure 110 and the ratio of the piezoelectric coefficient, the target wavelength, and the exponential coupling decay length of the dimer. It may be calculated based on a ratio of values in which a fitting factor is reflected in the current scattering wavelength.

According to one side, the voltage applied from the outside to the actuator 130 is determined by Equation 1 below, so that the color of the dynamic pixel 100 can be determined.

[Equation 1]

는 이합체의 커플링 감쇠 길이, D는 코어 구조체(110)의 크기, Piezocoefficient는 압전계수,

는 목표 파장,

는 현재의 산란 파장, A는 피팅 인수일 수 있다.here,

Is the coupling damping length of the dimer, D is the size of the core structure 110, Piezocoefficient is the piezoelectric coefficient,

Is the target wavelength,

Is the current scattering wavelength, A may be a fitting factor.

For example, D may be the size of the satellite structure 120.

)을 알고, 코어 구조체(110)의 크기(D) 및 현재의 산란 파장(

)에 대한 정보만 있으면 액추에이터(130)로 인가되어야 하는 전압의 크기를 결정할 수 있다. That is, the voltage applied from the outside to the actuator 130 is a target wavelength (

), The size (D) of the core structure 110 and the current scattering wavelength (

), The magnitude of the voltage to be applied to the actuator 130 can be determined.

Specifically, Equation 1 may be derived by calculating a ratio of a target wavelength and a current scattering wavelength and a magnitude change amount according to a voltage applied according to a piezoelectric coefficient.

For example, the ratio of the target wavelength and the current scattering wavelength may be determined by Equation 2 below.

[Equation 2]

는 목표 파장,

는 현재의 산란 파장, A는 피팅 인수, S는 코어 구조체(110) 및 위성 구조체(120) 사이의 거리, D는 코어 구조체(110)의 크기,

는 이합체의 커플링 감쇠 길이일 수 있다.here,

Is the target wavelength,

Is the current scattering wavelength, A is the fitting factor, S is the distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120, D is the size of the core structure 110,

May be the length of the coupling attenuation of the dimer.

For example, the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 may be isomorphic structures. In addition, D may be the size of an isomorphic structure.

It can be seen from the above Equation 2 that the change in wavelength decreases as the distance S between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 increases. That is, it can be seen that the closer the distance S is, the greater the change in the target wavelength compared to the current scattering wavelength.

In addition, in Equation 2, the maximum distance at which plasmon coupling can occur is defined within 200 nm, and when the maximum distance is greater than or equal to the maximum distance, plasmon coupling does not occur and color expression of both the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 occurs.

However, the color of the structure having a large cross-sectional scattering among the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 is strongly visible.

Meanwhile, a change in size of the actuator 130 due to a voltage applied from the outside to the actuator 130 may be changed by a piezoelectric coefficient of the actuator 130.

For example, when the actuator 130 is used as a PVDF material and a voltage of 1 V is applied, the size of the actuator 130 is shown to change by 0.033 nm.

In addition, the size of the actuator 130 is 0.374 nm / 1 V when the material of the actuator 130 is PZT, 0.012 nm / 1 V in the case of ZnO, 0.1 nm / 1 V in the case of BaTiO3, 0.545 nm in the case of PLZT / It was shown to change to the size of 1V.

That is, when a voltage of 15 V is applied to the actuator 130 that changes in micro units, a size change of PVDF = 0.495 nm, PZT = 5.61 nm, ZnO = 0.18 nm, BaTiO3 = 1.5 nm, PLZT = 8.175 nm occurs.

Meanwhile, the minimum response time of the actuator 130 using the following piezoelectric material may be determined by Equation 3 below.

[Equation 3]

은 최소 응답 시간,

는 공진 주파수(Resonant frequency)일 수 있으며, 공진 주파수(

)는 하기의 수학식4에 의하여 결정될 수 있다. here,

Is the minimum response time,

May be a resonant frequency, and the resonant frequency (

) May be determined by Equation 4 below.

[Equation 4]

는 유효질량(Effective mass),

는 액추에이터(130)의 강성(Stiffness) 일 수 있으며, 액추에이터(130)의 강성(

)은 하기의 수학식5에 의하여 결정될 수 있다. here,

Is the effective mass,

May be the stiffness of the actuator 130, and the stiffness of the actuator 130 (

) May be determined by Equation 5 below.

[Equation 5]

은 액추에이터(130)의 길이(Length)일 수 있다. 예를 들어, 액추에이터(130)는 나노 섬유(Nanofiber)일 수 있다. Where E is the elastic modulus, A is the area of the actuator 130,

May be the length (Length) of the actuator 130. For example, the actuator 130 may be nanofibers.

According to one side, the actuator 130 is implemented as at least one of a dielectric elastomer and a voltage-reactive hydrogel, and may be contracted or expanded by a voltage applied from the outside.

Specifically, in the dynamic pixel 100, the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 are implemented by at least one of a dielectric elastomer and a voltage-reactive hydrogel to combine the actuator 130 with which the strain can be adjusted. It can be implemented on a transparent substrate.

More specifically, the dielectric elastomer and the voltage-reactive hydrogel, when a voltage is applied from the outside, electromechanical transduction may occur without an electrochemical reaction.

Accordingly, the dynamic pixel 100 may generate color conversion by adjusting the distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 through the actuator 130 implemented as at least one of the dielectric elastomer and the voltage-reactive hydrogel. have.

According to one side, the actuator 130 may be made of a heat-reactive hydrogel material and contracted or expanded by heat applied from the outside.

Specifically, a heat-reactive hydrogel is a material that has a negative expansion coefficient and contracts when heat is applied. When LCST (Lower critical solution temperature) is applied to the foreign material, the polymers contract and the particles that have already adhered are entangled. As you stick, you can see the effect of the plasmon coupling being made.

Accordingly, the dynamic pixel 100 may generate color conversion by adjusting the distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 through the actuator 130 implemented as a heat-reactive hydrogel.

That is, the present invention implements various color conversions in a single dynamic pixel 100 through the actuator 130 contracted or expanded in response to a voltage or heat applied from the outside, and the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120. You can.

According to one side, the present invention may include at least one actuator, and at least one actuator may be arranged in at least one of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure to implement dynamic pixels.

An embodiment in which at least one actuator is arranged in at least one of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4F, FIGS. 5 and 6A to 6C.

The optical length for plasmon coupling occurring between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 in the dynamic pixel 100 according to an embodiment is determined by a predetermined parameter, and is determined. Color can be determined by the optical distance.

That is, in order to realize a desired color in the dynamic pixel 100, the magnitude of the voltage applied to the actuator 130 from outside or the temperature value of heat may be changed according to a preset parameter.

According to one side, the predetermined parameter is the distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120, the size of the core structure 110 or the satellite structure 120 (Size), shape (shape) and material (material) among It may include at least one.

Specifically, the dynamic pixel 100 is the size, shape, and material of the core structure 110 or the satellite structure 120 in experimental conditions in which the distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120 and the applied voltage are constant. When at least one of the conditions was changed, the wavelength by plasmon coupling was found to be different.

That is, if the dynamic pixel 100 maintains a basic color of the core structure 110 and configures the core structure 110 and at least one shape or material of at least one satellite structure 120 that is a plasmon coupling, various Color change can be implemented.

For example, the basic color may be implemented as blue (B), which is difficult to implement colors.

In addition, the shape of the core structure 110 or the satellite structure 120 may include at least one shape among triangles, squares, pentagons, and spheres, and the material may include at least one substance among gold, silver, and aluminum. have. Meanwhile, each of the at least one material may have a different wavelength control range.

However, the shape and materials of the structure in the present invention are not limited to the shapes and materials described above.

According to one side, the dynamic pixel 100 further includes a dielectric filling the actuator 130, and the preset parameter may include a refractive index of the dielectric.

In other words, the predetermined parameters that can determine the optical distance are the distance between the core structure 110 and the satellite structure 120, the size, shape and material of the core structure 110 or the satellite structure 120, and the refractive index of the dielectric. It may include at least one.

An embodiment in which the optical distance is determined by the distance between structures, the size of the structures, and the refractive index of the dielectric among the preset parameters will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2C.

2A is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of determining an optical distance by a distance between structures in a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the dynamic pixel 210 may include a core structure 211, a satellite structure 212, and an actuator 213.

For example, the core structure 211 and the satellite structure 212 may be nanostructures whose primary color is blue (B).

Meanwhile, the dynamic pixel 210 may include at least one core structure 211 and a satellite structure 212.

Specifically, the wavelength of the dynamic pixel 210 is changed by the plasmon coupling according to the distance between the core structure 211 and the satellite structure 212, and color conversion may occur.

For example, the dynamic pixel 210 may implement a color closer to red (R) as the distance between the core structure 211 and the satellite structure 212 having the primary color blue (B) is narrower, and the distance is reduced. A color closer to green (G) may be realized as the distance is closer to the intermediate distance, and a color closer to blue (B) may be realized as the distance is increased.

That is, the dynamic pixel 210 may determine an optical distance for realizing a desired color according to the distance between the core structure 211 and the satellite structure 212 through experiments.

Meanwhile, the distance between the core structure 211 and the satellite structure 212 may vary depending on the size, shape, and material of the structure.

2B is a view for explaining an embodiment of determining an optical distance by the size of a structure in a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2B, the dynamic pixel 220 may include a core structure 221, a satellite structure 222, and an actuator 223. Meanwhile, the dynamic pixel 220 may include at least one core structure 221 and a satellite structure 222.

Specifically, the plasmon of the nanostructure may change the intensity (Strength) of the vibration (Oscillation) of the free electron according to the size of the nanostructure, and thus the range of the scattered color may be changed.

That is, the dynamic pixel 220 may determine an optical distance for realizing a desired color according to the size of the satellite structure 222 through experiments.

Accordingly, the dynamic pixel 220 may reproduce various colors through plasmon coupling when nano-structures of different sizes having scattered colors are used as the satellite structures 222.

2C is a view for explaining an embodiment of determining an optical distance by a refractive index of a dielectric in a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2C, the dynamic pixel 230 may include a core structure 231, a satellite structure 232, an actuator 233 and a dielectric 234 filling the actuator 233. Meanwhile, the dielectric 234 may embed at least one core structure 231, a satellite structure 232, and an actuator 233.

Specifically, the dynamic pixel 230 may determine the optical distance for realizing a desired color by controlling the refractive index of the dielectric 234.

For example, the dynamic pixel 230 is embedded in the dielectric 234, embedding liquid crystal (LC), electrically driven photonic crystal, use of light sensitive materials, and nonlinear metamaterial ( Non-linear metamaterial) can be applied to optically control the refractive index.

3 is a view showing a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the plasmon coupling device 300 according to an embodiment includes a core structure (310), a satellite structure (320), an actuator (330), and an electrode (340). , And a control unit 350.

Meanwhile, the core structure 310, the satellite structure 320, and the actuator 330 of the plasmon coupling device 300 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 are one embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A to 2C. It may be a core structure, a satellite structure, and an actuator of a dynamic pixel according to an example.

Therefore, among the contents described later with reference to FIG. 3, contents overlapping with the contents described with reference to the dynamic pixels illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2A to 2C will be omitted.

The at least one core structure 310 according to an embodiment may be formed on the at least one actuator 330.

At least one satellite structure 320 according to an embodiment may be formed on at least one actuator 330. Further, the at least one satellite structure 320 may be at least one core structure 310 and a plasmon coupling by changing the size of the actuator 330.

The at least one electrode 340 according to an embodiment may be connected to at least one end of the at least one actuator 330 to apply a voltage.

For example, the electrode 340 may include a top electrode and a bottom electrode. In addition, a plurality of upper electrodes and lower electrodes may be connected to each of the at least one actuator 330.

The actuator 330 according to an embodiment may be contracted or expanded by a voltage applied from at least one electrode 340 to change its size.

The control unit 350 according to an embodiment may determine an optical length for plasmon coupling by controlling a voltage applied to at least one actuator through an electrode.

In the plasmon coupling device 300 according to an embodiment, the optical distance for plasmon coupling is determined by a predetermined parameter, and color can be determined by the determined optical distance.

According to one side, the preset parameter is selected from among the distance between the at least one core structure and the at least one satellite structure, the size, shape and material of the at least one core structure or the at least one satellite structure. It may include at least one.

Meanwhile, the plasmon coupling device 300 may have at least one structure of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure.

Specifically, the plasmon coupling device 300 may be arranged such that at least one actuator 330 has at least one of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure.

An embodiment in which at least one actuator is arranged in at least one of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure in the plasmon coupling device 300 according to an embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4A to 4F, FIGS. 5 and 6A to 6 It will be described in more detail through 6c.

4A to 4F are diagrams for explaining an embodiment in which an actuator is arranged in an isotropic structure in a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 4A, the plasmon coupling device shown at 410 includes a core structure 411, at least one satellite structure 412, at least one actuator 413, 414, and at least one electrode 415. , 416).

According to one side, at 410, the plasmon coupling device may have an isotropic structure.

Also, at 410, the plasmon coupling device is provided with a core structure 411 at one end of at least one actuator 413 to 414, and at least one electrode at the other end of the at least one actuator 413 to 414 ( 415 to 416) may be connected.

That is, at 410, the plasmon coupling device may have at least one actuator 413 to 414 share one core structure 411.

For example, each of the core structure 411 and the plasmon-coupled at least one satellite structure 412 may have the same size, shape, and material. Also, reference numerals 413 and 414 may be one actuator.

More specifically, the plasmon coupling device 410 in which at least one or more actuators 413 to 414 are disposed isotropically has a plasmon coupling with at least one satellite structure 412 having core structures 411 arranged in all directions. Can be.

For example, in 410, the plasmon coupling device may be connected to an electrode 415 that applies a positive voltage to one end of the actuator corresponding to 413, and at one end of the actuator corresponding to 414 An electrode 416 for applying a negative voltage may be disposed.

Accordingly, in the plasmon coupling device 410, dynamic pixels corresponding to a plurality of actuators disposed at horizontal positions around the core structure 411 may output the same color to each other.

Hereinafter, an example of color conversion in an embodiment in which the actuators are arranged in an isotropic structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 4B to 4F.

4B to 4F, the plasmon coupling device shown at reference numerals 420 to 460 includes a core structure 421, at least one satellite structure 422, and a first actuator 423 to a third actuator 425. ).

For example, each of the first actuator 423 to the third actuator 425 may be a plurality of horizontally arranged actuators, such as the actuators 413 and 414 shown in FIG. 4A.

In addition, a description overlapping with the plasmon coupling device shown in reference numeral 410 will be omitted from the description of the plasmonic coupling devices shown in reference numerals 420 to 460 below.

Specifically, at reference numeral 420, the plasmon coupling device applies a voltage (V1) for outputting a red (R) color to the first actuator 423, and outputs a blue (B) color to the second actuator 424. A voltage V3 for applying is applied, and a voltage V2 for outputting a green (G) color may be applied to the third actuator 425.

That is, at 420, the plasmon coupling device outputs a red (R) color from the dynamic pixel corresponding to the first actuator 423 and a blue (B) color from the dynamic pixel corresponding to the second actuator 424. The green (G) color may be output from the dynamic pixel corresponding to the third actuator 425.

Therefore, at 420, the plasmon coupling device can finally output the white color with a combination of red (R), blue (B), and green (G) colors output from each dynamic pixel arranged in an isotropic structure. You can.

Next, at 430, the plasmon coupling device may apply a voltage (V1) for outputting a red (R) color to the first actuator 423 to the third actuator 425.

That is, the red (R) color may be output from each of the dynamic pixels corresponding to the first actuator 423 to the third actuator 425 in the plasmon coupling device at 430.

Therefore, at 430, the plasmon coupling device may finally output the red (R) color output from each dynamic pixel arranged in an isotropic structure.

Next, at 440, the plasmon coupling device applies a voltage (V1) for outputting a red (R) color to the first actuator 423, and the second actuator 424 to the third actuator 425 The voltage V3 for outputting the blue (B) color may be applied.

That is, at 440, the plasmon coupling device outputs a red (R) color from the dynamic pixel corresponding to the first actuator 423, and a dynamic pixel corresponding to the second actuator 424 to the third actuator 425. In, blue (B) color can be output.

Therefore, at 440, the plasmon coupling device finally outputs a magenta (Magenta) color by a combination of red (R), blue (B), and blue (B) colors output from each dynamic pixel arranged in an isotropic structure. You can.

Reference numeral 440 describes an embodiment in which the red color and the blue color are combined in a ratio of '1: 2' to finally output the magenta color, but the ratio of the red color and the blue color combined to final output the magenta color. May be changed by the color intensity of each dynamic pixel outputting a red color or a blue color.

Next, at 450, the plasmon coupling device applies a voltage (V2) for outputting the green (G) color to the first actuator 423, and the second actuator 424 to the third actuator 425 The voltage V3 for outputting the blue (B) color may be applied.

That is, at reference numeral 450, the plasmon coupling device outputs green (G) color from the dynamic pixel corresponding to the first actuator 423, and the dynamic pixel corresponding to the second actuator 424 to the third actuator 425. In, blue (B) color can be output.

Therefore, at reference numeral 450, the plasmon coupling device can finally output a cyan color with a combination of green (G), blue (B), and blue (B) colors output from each dynamic pixel arranged in an isotropic structure. You can.

Reference numeral 450 describes an embodiment in which the green color and the blue color are combined in a ratio of '1: 2' to finally output the cyan color, but the ratio of the green color and the blue color that is combined to finally output the cyan color. May be changed by the color intensity of each dynamic pixel outputting a green color or a blue color.

Next, at 460, the plasmon coupling device applies a voltage (V1) for outputting a red (R) color to the first actuator 423, and the second actuator 424 to the third actuator 425 The voltage V2 for outputting the green (G) color can be applied.

That is, at 460, the plasmon coupling device outputs a red (R) color from the dynamic pixel corresponding to the first actuator 423, and a dynamic pixel corresponding to the second actuator 424 to the third actuator 425. In (G) color can be output.

Accordingly, at 460, the plasmon coupling device will finally output a yellow color with a combination of red (R), green (G), and green (G) colors output from each dynamic pixel arranged in an isotropic structure. You can.

Reference numeral 460 describes an embodiment in which the red color and the green color are combined in a ratio of '1: 2' in order to finally output the yellow color, but the ratio of the red color and the green color combined in order to finally output the yellow color. May be changed by the color intensity of each dynamic pixel outputting a red color or a green color.

5 is a view for explaining an embodiment of arranging the actuator in a mesh structure in the plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, a plasmon coupling device at 500 may include at least one nanostructure 510, at least one actuator 520, and at least one electrode 530, 540.

For example, the at least one nanostructure 510 may be a core structure or a satellite structure. Further, the core structure and the satellite structure may be structures having the same size, shape, and material.

Meanwhile, the at least one electrode 530 and 540 may include at least one vertical electrode 530 and at least one horizontal electrode 540.

According to one side, the plasmon coupling device at 500 has a mesh structure, and at least one actuator 520 may be arranged to intersect.

Specifically, when the voltage is applied only to the horizontal electrode 540 in the plasmon coupling device at 500, the size of the actuator arranged in the horizontal direction changes, and the displacement of the actuator arranged in the vertical direction engaged therewith is horizontal. Direction. Accordingly, the horizontal displacement of the dense nanoparticles is changed, and plasmon coupling between the nanoparticles in the horizontal direction may be performed to perform color conversion.

On the other hand, when the voltage is applied only to the vertical electrode 530 at the reference numeral 500, the plasmon coupling device operates as in the case where the voltage is applied only to the horizontal electrode 540 described above, but since the moving direction is vertical, the plasmon couple between nanoparticles The ring is made in the vertical direction to perform color conversion.

In addition, when the voltage is simultaneously applied through the vertical electrode 530 and the horizontal electrode 540, the plasmon coupling device at reference numeral 500 performs plasmon coupling of nanoparticles in a diagonal direction rather than a single direction to perform color conversion. You can.

6A to 6C are views for explaining an embodiment of arranging an actuator in an anisotropic structure in a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6A to 6C, a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment at 610 to 630 includes a core structure 611, at least one satellite structure 612 to 632, and at least one actuator 613 to 633 ).

According to one side, at 610 to 630, the plasmon coupling device has an anisotropic structure, the core structure 611 is disposed at one end of at least one actuator 613 to 633, and at least one actuator ( At least one satellite structure 612 to 632 may be disposed at the other end of 613 to 633).

That is, at least one or more actuators 613 to 633 may share the core structure 611.

In addition, each of the satellite structures 612 formed on at least one or more actuators 613 to 633 disposed in all directions around the core structure 611 may be formed to have different sizes.

According to one side, at least one or more actuators 613 to 633 at reference numerals 610 to 630 may share the core structure as a common electrode.

In other words, in the plasmon coupling device at 610 to 630, at least one or more actuators 613 to 633 share the core structure 611 as a common electrode.

That is, if 0 V is applied to the core structures 611 disposed on one side of each actuator 613 to 633, and a voltage for plasmon coupling is applied to the other side of each actuator 613 to 633, the core structures ( 611) and each of the satellite structures 612 to 632 may be a plasmon coupling to each other.

For example, the size of each satellite structure 612 to 632 may be designed such that each satellite structure 612 to 632 outputs a color having a specific wavelength through plasmon coupling.

7A to 7B are diagrams for explaining an embodiment of uniformly controlling color intensity in a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7B may be performed by a plasmon coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 3.

Referring to FIGS. 7A to 7B, when color conversion by plasmon coupling between nanostructures occurs as shown in reference numeral 710, the shift of energy of the red (R) color occurs strongly. Intensity can be increased.

According to one side, the control unit 350 of FIG. 3 calculates an intensity ratio of colors according to plasmon coupling in at least one actuator to achieve intensity uniformity according to energy movement, The voltage applied to each of the at least one actuator may be controlled based on the calculation result.

Specifically, the control unit 350 is a combination of plasmon coupling combinations in which red (R) colors may appear, and green (B) and blue (B) colors, in order to realize uniform intensity color in all color implementations ( intensity) ratio.

In addition, the control unit 350 increases the number of dynamic pixels for realizing the green (B) and blue (B) colors as shown in reference numeral 720 according to the calculation result, thereby increasing the uniformity of color intensity (Intensity uniformity). Can be achieved.

That is, by using the present invention, the uniformity of the color intensity can be improved by controlling the voltage of each dynamic pixel based on the calculation result of the color intensity ratio.

8A to 8B are diagrams for describing a method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Therefore, among the methods of manufacturing the dynamic pixels described later with reference to FIGS. 8A to 8B, content overlapping with the contents described through the dynamic pixels illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2A to 2C will be omitted.

According to FIGS. 8A to 8B, a method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment at 810 may contract or expand by an externally applied voltage or heat to form an actuator that changes in size (Actuator) 811. .

Next, in reference numeral 820, a method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment may form a thiol (-SH) group 812 on the surface of the actuator.

Next, in reference numeral 830, a method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment may form a core structure 813 on the surface of the actuator on which the thiol 812 is formed.

Next, in reference numeral 840, a method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel according to an embodiment may form a satellite structure 814 on the surface of the actuator on which the thiol 812 is formed.

According to one side, the satellite structure may have at least one of a core structure, a size, a shape, a material, and a density. Also, the core structure may have a lower density than the satellite structure.

Meanwhile, the color of the core structure and the satellite structure according to an embodiment may be determined by plasmon coupling.

Further, the core structure and the satellite structure may be formed using at least one of an inkjet printing method and a roll-to-roll nanoimprinting method.

Specifically, the method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel can easily form the size and shape of a nanostructure such as a core structure and a satellite structure by a chemical method using an inkjet printing method using a solution or colloidal metal nanoparticle ink. have.

For example, the inkjet printing method first patterns a sacrificial layer, electrospins the actuator material onto the substrate, sprays a relatively large sized controlled core structure ink solution, and then, a satellite structure. The ink solution may be sprayed, and then the process may be performed to remove the sacrificial layer.

According to one side, a method of manufacturing a dynamic pixel may use a roll-to-roll nanoimprinting method using a substrate having a high refractive index or a substrate capable of controlling the refractive index.

That is, the present invention is a roll-to-roll nanoimprinting method using a substrate having a high refractive index, and it is possible to improve light efficiency through high scattering intensity of plasmons. In addition, the roll-to-roll nanoimprinting method using a substrate capable of controlling the refractive index can also control the scattering intensity and maximum energy shift (Peak shift) of plasmons.

According to another embodiment, the dynamic pixel is a dynamic pixel in the form of a thin film by preparing a solution in which a nanostructure based on an actuator and a local plasmon resonance phenomenon are mixed and a thin film in which the actuator and the nanostructure are fused using the prepared solution. It may form.

After all, by using the present invention, various color conversions can be implemented in a single pixel by adjusting the optical distance in nano units through an actuator and a plurality of plasmonic nanostructures.

Further, by arranging a plurality of actuators in at least one of an isotropic structure, a net structure, and an anisotropic structure, color reproducibility can be improved.

Further, by controlling the voltage of each dynamic pixel based on the calculation result of the color intensity ratio, the uniformity of color intensity can be improved.

In addition, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost by manufacturing a dynamic pixel through a printing process and a chemical process.

The device described above may be implemented with hardware components, software components, and / or combinations of hardware components and software components. For example, the devices and components described in the embodiments include, for example, a processor, controller, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), digital signal processor (micro signal processor), microcomputer, field programmable array (FPA), It may be implemented using one or more general purpose computers or special purpose computers, such as a programmable logic unit (PLU), microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may run an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. In addition, the processing device may access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to the execution of the software. For convenience of understanding, a processing device may be described as one being used, but a person having ordinary skill in the art, the processing device may include a plurality of processing elements and / or a plurality of types of processing elements. It can be seen that may include. For example, the processing device may include a plurality of processors or a processor and a controller. In addition, other processing configurations, such as parallel processors, are possible.

The software may include a computer program, code, instruction, or a combination of one or more of these, and configure the processing device to operate as desired, or process independently or collectively You can command the device. Software and / or data may be interpreted by a processing device, or to provide instructions or data to a processing device, of any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage medium or device. , Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in the transmitted signal wave.

The software may be distributed on networked computer systems, and stored or executed in a distributed manner. Software and data may be stored in one or more computer-readable recording media.

The method according to the embodiment may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded on a computer readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, or the like alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the medium may be specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be known and usable by those skilled in computer software. Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes, optical media such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and magnetic media such as floptical disks. -Hardware devices specially configured to store and execute program instructions such as magneto-optical media, and ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc., as well as machine language codes produced by a compiler. The hardware device described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

100: dynamic pixel 110: core structure
120: satellite structure 130: actuator

Claims (15)

An actuator whose size changes due to contraction or expansion by a voltage applied from the outside;
A thiol (-SH) group formed on the actuator;
A core structure formed on the actuator on which the thiol (-SH) group is formed; And
A satellite structure formed on an actuator on which the thiol (-SH) group is formed, and a plasmon coupling with the core structure by a change in size of the actuator;
Including,
The satellite structure is different in size from the core structure,
The optical length for the plasmon coupling is determined by a predetermined parameter, and the color is determined by the determined optical distance,
The parameter includes at least one of a distance between the core structure and the satellite structure, a size, a shape, and a material of the core structure or the satellite structure.
Dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance.
According to claim 1,
The actuator
It includes at least one of a piezo film, a piezo nano-wire, a dielectric elastomer (DEA), and a voltage-reactive hydrogel.
Dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance.
According to claim 1,
The core structure and the satellite structure
It includes at least one of nanoparticles (Nano dot), nanorods (Nano rod) and nanowires (Nano wire)
Dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance.
According to claim 1,
And further comprising a dielectric (dielectric) to fill the actuator,
The parameter includes a refractive index of the dielectric
Dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance.
According to claim 1,
The voltage applied from the outside is the ratio of the value of the core structure to the ratio of the core structure to the exponential coupling decay length of the dimer, and the fitting factor to the target wavelength and the current scattering wavelength. Is calculated based on the ratio of reflected values
Dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance.
The method of claim 5,
The voltage applied from the outside is determined by Equation 1 below.
[Equation 1]

here,

Is the coupling attenuation length of the dimer, D is the size of the core structure, Piezocoefficient is the piezoelectric coefficient,

Is the target wavelength,

Is the current scattering wavelength, A is the fitting factor
Dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance.
At least one actuator whose size changes due to contraction or expansion by the applied voltage;
At least one thiol (-SH) group formed on the at least one actuator;
At least one core structure (Core structure) formed on the at least one thiol (-SH) group formed actuator;
At least one satellite structure formed on the at least one thiol (-SH) group formed actuator, and at least one core structure and Plasmon coupling with the at least one core structure by changing the size of the actuator (Satellite structure);
At least one electrode (Electrode) connected to at least one end of the at least one actuator; And
Control unit for controlling the voltage applied to the at least one actuator through the electrode to determine the optical length for the plasmon coupling
Including,
The satellite structure is different in size from the core structure,
The optical distance for the plasmon coupling is determined by a predetermined parameter, and the color is determined by the determined optical distance,
The parameter may include at least one of a distance between the at least one core structure and the at least one satellite structure, a size, a shape, and a material of the at least one core structure or the at least one satellite structure. Characterized by including one
Plasmon coupling device based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
The method of claim 7,
The plasmon coupling device has an isotropic structure,
In the plasmonic coupling device of the isotropic structure, the core structure is disposed at one end of the at least one actuator, the at least one electrode is connected to the other end of the at least one actuator, and the at least one actuator is the Shared core structure
Plasmon coupling device based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
The method of claim 7,
The plasmon coupling device has a mesh structure,
The plasmon coupling device of the net structure is arranged such that at least one or more actuators intersect
Plasmon coupling device based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
The method of claim 7,
The plasmon coupling device has an anisotropic structure,
In the plasmonic coupling device of the anisotropic structure, the core structure is disposed at one end of the at least one actuator, and the at least one satellite structure is disposed at the other end of the at least one actuator, so that the at least one actuator is The core structure is shared,
The at least one satellite structure disposed on the at least one actuator that shares the core structure has different sizes, respectively.
Plasmon coupling device based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
The method of claim 10,
The at least one actuator
The core structure is shared as a common electrode (Common electrode)
Plasmon coupling device based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
The method of claim 7,
The control unit
Calculating the intensity ratio of the color according to the plasmon coupling in the at least one actuator, and controlling the voltage applied to each of the at least one actuator based on the calculation result
Plasmon coupling device based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
Forming an actuator whose size changes by contracting or expanding by a voltage applied from the outside;
Forming a thiol (-SH) group on the surface of the actuator;
Forming a core structure on a surface of the actuator on which the thiol group is formed; And
Forming a satellite structure on the surface of the actuator on which the thiol group is formed.
Including,
The satellite structure is different in size from the core structure,
The core structure and the satellite structure are color-coded by Plasmon coupling,
The optical distance for the plasmon coupling is determined by a predetermined parameter,
The parameter includes at least one of a distance between the core structure and the satellite structure, a size, a shape, and a material of the core structure or the satellite structure.
Method for manufacturing dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
The method of claim 13,
The core structure has a lower density than the satellite structure
Method for manufacturing dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.
The method of claim 13,
The core structure and the satellite structure
It is formed by using at least one of an inkjet printing method and a roll-to-roll nanoimprinting method.
Method for manufacturing dynamic pixels based on local plasmon resonance phenomenon.

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