KR20200027867A - Decorative Biochar and Manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, the manufacturing method of decorative biochar comprises the following steps: a first step of forming an inside of a chamber under an anaerobic state by supplying nitrogen into a chamber accommodating biomass or vacuuming the inside of the chamber; and a second step of thermally decomposing the biomass with biochar by applying heat so that the inside of the chamber under the anaerobic state becomes in a preset temperature range. The temperature range is in a range that cellulosic components and the hemicellulosic components contained in the biomass are completely, thermally decomposed, while carbon skeletons inside the biomass constituted by lignin components are maintained.

Description

Decorative bio-car and its manufacturing method {Decorative Biochar and Manufacturing method thereof}

The present invention relates to a decorative bio-tea and a method for manufacturing the same, more specifically, by thermally decomposing biomass to control the thermal decomposition temperature in the process of manufacturing bio-tea to minimize pyrolysis of lignin, a component that maintains the skeleton of biomass. Even when small biomass, such as flowers or grass, which are highly utilized as indoor and outdoor decoration props, is manufactured as bio-cars, the appearance of the biomass is maintained firmly, while maintaining the unique functions of bio-cars while improving the aesthetic sense as props for indoor and outdoor decoration. It relates to a decorative bio-tea and its manufacturing method.

In recent years, agricultural and forest by-products have been released in large quantities every year, and only a part of them are incinerated, and most of the by-products are left unattended. Therefore, it is urgent to prepare a method to effectively utilize these waste organic resources.

To this end, recently, technologies for utilizing these agricultural and forest by-products as biochars, which are carbon materials obtained when thermally decomposing under controlled air supply, have been developed. It is disclosed in detail in the following [Document 1].

Due to the nature of the carbon material, these microcars are known to have an antiseptic effect, a filtration effect, a humidity control effect, anion generation effect, and odor removal effect, because microporous pores are distributed in high density inside. Conventionally, it has been mainly used as an agricultural soil conditioner or filter medium for improving soil's water-retaining or holding ability.

In recent years, as the well-being culture has expanded throughout society, various types of decorative interior props using charcoal similar to bio tea have been developed in order to utilize the effective functions of the bio tea described above in an indoor space such as a home or office. Specific examples thereof are disclosed in detail in [Document 2] and [Document 3] below.

However, in the case of decorative interior props using charcoal disclosed in the following [Document 2] and [Document 3], it is difficult to maintain the appearance even by a small external force, so most of the solid material is mixed with powder or particle-shaped charcoal. Since it consists of a form made of charcoal made by cutting a bulky solid wood, which is easy to maintain its appearance or relatively easy to maintain its shape, and stacked or placed in a pot, etc., it has a problem that the aesthetic sense as a decorative accessory is greatly reduced. there was.

[Document 1] Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0117954 (published on Nov. 4, 2010)

[Document 2] Korean Registered Utility Model No. 20-0457410 (announced on December 19, 2011)

[Document 3] Korean Patent Publication No. 2006-0010522 (published Feb. 2, 2006)

The present invention is intended to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention is to control the thermal decomposition temperature in the process of producing bio-car by thermally decomposing biomass, the component of lignin that maintains the skeleton of the biomass. By minimizing thermal decomposition, even when small biomass, such as flowers or grass, which are highly utilized as indoor and outdoor decorative props, is manufactured as bio tea, the appearance of the biomass is maintained firmly, while maintaining the effective functions unique to bio tea while aesthetic as a decorative prop for indoor and outdoor use. It is to provide a decorative bio-tea that can improve persimmons and a method for manufacturing the same.

In order to achieve the object as described above, the method for manufacturing a decorative bio-car according to the present invention, by supplying nitrogen into the chamber containing the biomass (biomass) or vacuuming the inside of the chamber to form the interior of the chamber in an anaerobic state A first step, and a second step of thermally decomposing the biomass into a bio-difference by applying heat so that the inside of the chamber in the anaerobic state becomes a preset temperature range, wherein the temperature range includes the cellulose component and hemicellulose included in the biomass. The component is completely pyrolized, and the carbon skeleton inside the biomass composed of the lignin component is characterized by being within a maintained temperature range.

In addition, the third step of increasing the specific surface area of the biocar while maintaining a state in which the carbon skeleton does not collapse by applying a liquid preservative to the surface of the thermally decomposed biocar, and drying the preservative applied to the surface of the biocar It characterized in that it further comprises a fourth step of increasing the surface hardness of the bio-tea.

In addition, it characterized in that it further comprises the step of applying a paint or pigment to the surface of the thermally decomposed biocar or the surface of the biocar in which the preservative is dried.

In addition, the decorative bio-car according to the present invention includes a bio-car manufactured by the above-described method, and a case made of a transparent material that accommodates the bio-car therein, at least one side of which is capable of flowing outside air. It is characterized in that one opening is formed.

The decorative biocar according to the present invention thermally decomposes biomass to minimize thermal decomposition of lignin, which is a component that maintains the skeleton of biomass by controlling the thermal decomposition temperature in the process of manufacturing biocar, thereby making flowers or grass highly useful as decorative accessories for indoors and outdoors. Even in the case of manufacturing the same small biomass as a biocar, the appearance of the biomass is firmly maintained, thereby maintaining an effective function peculiar to the biocar, while improving the aesthetic sense as an accessory for indoor and outdoor decoration.

Therefore, the decorative bio-car according to the present invention, when manufactured in a stand-type, wall-mounted, chandelier-type flowerpot, lighting, picture frame, etc., significantly improves the aesthetic sense when compared to the existing charcoal ornaments, thereby satisfying consumers' various purchasing needs. It has an advantage.

In addition, the decorative bio-tea according to the present invention increases the effective functions as a bio-tea, such as antibacterial, dehumidifying, and odor removal described above by physical activation by increasing the specific surface area when treating the surface of the bio-tea with a preservative solution. There is an advantage that can further improve the surface hardness of.

1 is a view showing the configuration of a device for manufacturing a decorative bio-tea according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining the operation configuration of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
Figure 3 is a flow chart for explaining a method of manufacturing a decorative bio-tea using the apparatus shown in Figure 1,
Figure 4 is a view showing the degree of thermal decomposition of the main components of the biomass according to the heating temperature of the biomass,
5a and 5b are enlarged photographs of the internal structure of the bio-car prepared by different heating temperatures, respectively.
6A to 6C are views showing different forms of decorative bio-cars prepared according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing the configuration of a device for manufacturing a decorative bio-car according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a block diagram for explaining the operation configuration of the device shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a It is a flow chart for explaining a method of manufacturing a decorative bio-tea using the apparatus shown in 1.

In addition, Figure 4 is a diagram showing the degree of thermal decomposition of the main components of the biomass according to the heating temperature of the biomass, Figures 5a and 5b are enlarged for the internal structure of the bio-car prepared by different heating temperatures, respectively It is a photograph, and FIGS. 6A to 6C are views showing different forms of decorative bio-cars prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.

An apparatus for manufacturing a decorative biochar according to the present invention includes a chamber portion 10, a heater portion 60 for supplying heat to the interior of the chamber portion 10, and an interior portion of the chamber portion 10 It comprises a storage solution supply unit 30 for supplying a storage solution to the.

In addition, the chamber part 10 is, for example, an inner chamber 12 in which biomass is accommodated therein, an outer chamber 11 surrounding the outside of the inner chamber 12, the inner chamber and the outer chamber It consists of a heat insulating layer (13) interposed between.

At this time, the inner chamber 12 may be composed of a metallic material such as stainless steel or a heat-resistant plastic material, and the insulating layer 13 protects the heater unit 60 as described below and maintains the homeostasis of temperature. It is preferably made of a heat-insulating material such as a refractory brick.

In addition, the outer chamber 11 is preferably made of an insulating material to prevent the heat generated in the inner chamber and the insulating layer 13 described above is transmitted to the outside.

In the present embodiment, the case where the chamber part 10 is composed of three layers is described as an example, but is not limited thereto. If necessary, various configurations of a single layer or two layers are provided within a range in which the same function is performed. It may be.

In addition, although not clearly expressed in FIG. 1, the chamber part 10 is more preferably configured as a structure that can be opened and closed externally to facilitate inflow of biomass and outflow of biocar.

At this time, the biomass refers to small biomass such as ornamental flowers such as roses, chrysanthemums, dandelions, tulips, sunflowers, mist flowers, ragweed, silver grass, and orchids, as well as cut oak, pine, bamboo, and rubber trees. It includes all large biomass such as wood.

In addition, the chamber part 10 is installed in the inner 14 of the inner chamber 12 through the outer chamber 11 and the insulating layer 13 from the outside, and the preservation solution is stored in the inner chamber 12 as described later. ) Is further provided with a supply pipe 50 for supplying the inside, and a plurality of nozzle devices 51 for uniformly spraying the preservative liquid supplied to the surface of the bio-car at the end of the supply pipe 50 on the inner chamber 12 side. Is installed.

In addition, the heater unit 60 is for thermally decomposing the biomass accommodated in the inner chamber 12 into a bio-car as described above by transferring heat to the inner chamber 12 as a conventional heating means such as a heating wire. It can be preferably implemented, it is preferably configured to be capable of controlling the amount of heat in order to facilitate temperature control inside the inner chamber 12, as will be described later.

In addition, in this embodiment, the case where the heater unit 60 is installed inside the insulating layer 13 is described as an example, but is not limited thereto, and if necessary, directly to the interior 14 of the inner chamber 12 It may be configured to be installed.

In addition, the preservation solution supply unit 30 is for supplying the preservation solution to the inner chamber 12 so that the preservation solution is coated in the form of a thin film on the surface of the thermally decomposed biocar as described above. The specific surface area of the bio-tea increases as the preservation liquid in contact with the surface of the liquid increases (at this time, the carbon skeleton formed by lignin remains undisintegrated) In addition to being physically activated, the coated preservative is dried, thereby increasing the surface hardness of the biocar, so that the biomass thermally decomposed by the biocar can be more firmly maintained.

At this time, the preservative is intended to increase the surface hardness of the bio-tea from which moisture has been removed, and can be preferably implemented using a conventional preservative that increases the surface hardness of the coating agent.

As an example, the preservative may be composed of a solution in which a functional medium such as an acrylic lake compound or a siloxane compound is mixed with a liquid medium such as water or a water-soluble organic solvent. The water-soluble organic solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, toluene, and acetone. It may be any one, and the functional compound may be methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, dimethyl siloxane, methylphenyl siloxane, diphenyl siloxane, methylphenylmeth It may be at least any one of methoxy siloxane.

In addition, as another example, the preservative may be composed of a solution in which a functional component composed of a synthetic resin of transparent color such as PVC, urethane or epoxy resin, or an enamel such as varnish or lacquer is diluted in an organic solvent such as alcohol or thinner. .

To this end, the preservation liquid supply unit 30 is a preservation liquid storage tank 32 installed on the outside of the chamber portion 10, a preservation liquid supply pipe 31 connecting the preservation liquid storage tank 32 and the supply pipe 50, and the preservation liquid supply pipe ( 31) is installed in the middle of the preservation liquid storage tank 32 is configured to include a preservation liquid supply valve 33 for supplying or blocking the preservation liquid to the inner chamber (12).

At this time, the preservation liquid supply valve 33 may be configured as a mechanical manual valve, but may also be configured as an electronic valve operated by a control operation of the control unit 100 as described later.

In addition, the preservation liquid supply unit 30 may further include a pressurizing device (not shown), such as a compressor for supplying the preservation liquid at a constant pressure, which is the same for the nitrogen supply unit 20 described later.

On the other hand, the thermal decomposition process of the biomass described above is preferably made in an anaerobic condition in which oxygen in the air is blocked. For this, the apparatus for manufacturing a decorative biocar according to the present invention is nitrogen in the interior 14 of the interior chamber 12 It may further include a nitrogen supply unit 20 for supplying or a vacuum pump unit 24 for vacuuming the interior 14 of the inner chamber 12.

At this time, any one of the nitrogen supply unit 20 and the vacuum pump unit 24 may be installed, but both may be installed as in the present embodiment.

In addition, when both are installed as in this embodiment, the inside 14 of the inner chamber 12 is first vacuumed using the vacuum pump part 24, and then nitrogen can be supplied by the nitrogen supply part 20. , If necessary, nitrogen may be supplied to the interior 14 of the inner chamber 12 while the vacuum pump unit 24 is operated.

On the other hand, the nitrogen supply unit 20 is a nitrogen storage tank 22 installed on the outside of the chamber portion 10, nitrogen to connect the nitrogen storage tank 22 with the interior 14 or supply pipe 50 of the interior chamber 12 It comprises a supply pipe 21, and a nitrogen supply valve 23 installed in the middle of the nitrogen supply pipe 21 to supply or block nitrogen from the nitrogen storage tank 22 to the inner chamber 12.

In addition, the vacuum pump unit 24 is configured to be connected to the interior 14 of the inner chamber 12 through the vacuum tube 23.

The apparatus for manufacturing a decorative bio-car according to the present invention configured as described above may be configured manually, in which temperature control or supply of nitrogen gas and a preservative is directly operated by a user, but in this embodiment, the convenience of use is as described below. To this end, the controller 100 is configured to be operated automatically by a control signal.

To this end, the apparatus for manufacturing a decorative bio-car according to the present embodiment includes an input unit 110 into which an operating condition is input by a user, a temperature sensor unit 120 for detecting the internal temperature of the inner chamber 12, and an operating time. Operation of the heater unit 60, the nitrogen supply unit 20, the storage solution supply unit 30, and the vacuum pump unit 24 according to a control algorithm previously stored in the timer unit 130 and the memory unit 140 for measurement It is configured to further include a control unit 100 for controlling the.

Hereinafter, with reference to Figure 3 will be described in detail with respect to a method for manufacturing a decorative bio-tea using the device according to this embodiment configured as described above.

First, when the operation start signal is input through the input unit 110, the control unit 100 controls the operation of the nitrogen supply unit 20 to supply nitrogen to the interior 14 of the inner chamber 12 in which the biomass is accommodated ( S10), in this case, the controller 100 may operate the vacuum pump unit 24 together as necessary.

When the interior 14 of the interior chamber 12 is maintained in an anaerobic state by the step S10, the control unit 100 operates the heater unit 60 to supply heat to the interior 14 of the interior chamber 12 It is done (S20).

In addition, the control unit 100 thermally decomposes the biomass into biocars by driving the heater unit 60 so that the internal chamber 12 reaches a predetermined set temperature (S30), in which case the control unit 100 It is preferable that the temperature of the inner chamber 12 gradually reaches a set temperature over a long period of time so that the biomass can be sufficiently decomposed by low-speed thermal decomposition.

In general, in the case of biomass, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are composed of major components, of which lignin constitutes a polygonal carbon skeleton to perform the function of supporting the appearance of biomass, and cellulose and hemicellulose are lignin. It is composed of a shape that fills the inside of the polygonal carbon skeleton to form.

The degree of thermal decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin varies depending on the heating temperature. In FIG. 4, as an example, the degree of thermal decomposition of each component according to the heating temperature is shown.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the case of lignin, thermal decomposition is first performed at a low temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. than other components, but the degree of thermal decomposition is not large, and thus only a portion of the total content is thermally decomposed even at a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher.

On the other hand, in the case of cellulose and hemicellulose, the thermal decomposition is relatively poor when compared to lignin at a low temperature of 100 to 200 ° C, but the thermal decomposition is rapid from about 300 ° C or higher, so that most of the total content is thermally decomposed at about 350 to 400 ° C. Characteristic.

In order to experimentally confirm the thermal decomposition characteristics according to the temperature of each component of the biomass, in this embodiment, when the rose flower is completely thermally decomposed at a temperature of 700 ° C and when only the cellulose and hemicellulose components are thermally decomposed at 400 ° C The internal structure of the obtained biocar was observed with an electron microscope, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, respectively.

In the case of a rose biocar obtained by thermal decomposition at a temperature of about 700 ° C, as shown in FIG. 5A, it was found that the carbon skeleton inside the biomass was mostly disintegrated by thermally decomposing to a lignin component, and as a result, the appearance of the biocar It was confirmed that the shape of the rose could not be maintained and was easily broken by a small external force.

On the other hand, in the case of rose bio-tea obtained by thermal decomposition at a temperature of about 400 ° C., as shown in FIG. 5B, the thermal decomposition of the lignin component was minimized, indicating that the carbon skeleton inside the biomass was maintained firmly. It was confirmed that the appearance of the bio tea not only maintains the shape of the rose, but also has a hardness that is not easily broken by external force.

In addition, as can be seen in FIG. 5B, even in the case of biodegradation at a temperature of about 400 ° C., micropores formed by the carbon skeleton appear as in FIG. 5A. It was confirmed that not only can the appearance of the mass be maintained, but also the effective function of the bio tea due to the distribution of the micropores described above.

The present invention is to use the difference in thermal decomposition characteristics for each component of the biomass, by controlling the thermal decomposition temperature in the process of manufacturing biocar by thermally decomposing biomass, cellulose and hemicellulose among the components of the biomass are completely thermally decomposed while biomass decomposes. It is a feature of the invention to minimize the thermal decomposition of lignin, which is a component that maintains the carbon skeleton of the biomass, so that even when the biomass is produced as a biocar, the appearance of the biomass can be maintained firmly.

To this end, in this embodiment, as an example, when the biomass is a rose flower, the set temperature is set to a temperature range of 350 to 450 ° C in step S30, but the temperature of the inner chamber 12 is several to tens of degrees Celsius per minute. It was configured to reach the set temperature over 3 hours to 5 hours by rising at a speed of.

At this time, the set temperature in the step S30 is preferably set differently depending on the type of biomass to be thermally decomposed. Specifically, the cellulose component and the hemicellulose component included in the biomass are completely thermally decomposed, and the bio which the lignin component constitutes More preferably, the carbon skeleton inside the mass is set to a temperature range that is maintained.

When the step S30 is completed, the controller 100 determines whether or not the temperature of the inner chamber has reached the preset temperature (S40), and if not, repeats step S30 to repeat the inner chamber in the manner described above. The operation of the heater unit 60 is controlled so that heating of (12) and low-speed thermal decomposition of biomass are performed.

On the other hand, if the internal chamber 12 has reached the set temperature as a result of the determination in step S40, the control unit 100 performs the thermal decomposition of the biomass in a subsequent step (for example, 3 hours to 5 hours). The operation of the heater unit 60 is controlled so that the inner chamber 12 can be maintained at the set temperature (S50).

In addition, when the step S50 is completed, the control unit 100 stops the operation of the heater unit 60 (S60), and controls the operation of the storage solution supply unit 30 so that the storage solution is sprayed on the surface of the biocar ( S70).

In this case, since the supplied preservative is vaporized by the residual heat of the inner chamber 12 in the process of spraying through the nozzle, the surface of the bio-car is almost sprayed in the form of water vapor.

In addition, as described above, the bio-cars produced by the steps S30 to S50 by spraying the preservatives undergo a physical activation process in which the specific surface area is significantly increased, and the preservatives sprayed on the surface of the bio-cars are then dried by residual heat. As the functional component contained in the preservative is coated on the surface of the biocar, the surface hardness of the biocar is further increased (S80).

In this embodiment, as an example, using the preservatives in steps S70 and S80 to physically activate biocar and to further increase the surface hardness of biocar, but is not limited thereto, and if necessary, the S70 and S80 The step may be omitted or may be configured to physically activate biocar using water in step S70 and omit step S80.

The decorative bio-car according to the present embodiment manufactured by the above-described method minimizes the thermal decomposition of lignin, which is a component that maintains the skeleton of the biomass by controlling the thermal decomposition temperature, thereby minimizing the thermal decomposition of indoor and outdoor decorative props. Even when biomass is manufactured as a biocar, the external shape of the biomass is firmly maintained, thereby maintaining an effective function peculiar to biocars while improving the aesthetic sense as an accessory for indoor and outdoor decoration.

In addition, the decorative bio-car according to the present embodiment is a bio-car such as antibacterial, dehumidifying, odor removal, etc. described above by physical activation by increasing the specific surface area when treating the surface of the bio-car by the steps S70 and S80. It has the advantage of increasing the effective functions and at the same time further improving the surface hardness of the biocar.

In the present embodiment, the case where the preservation solution processing in the steps S70 and S80 is performed by spraying through a nozzle inside the chamber part 10 is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. 10) It may be made by using any one of spraying, painting, and dipping methods from the outside.

However, in this case, it is more preferable to perform additional operations such as air blowing after the preservative treatment in order to prevent micropores of the decorative biocar from being blocked by the preservative.

The decorative bio-car according to the present embodiment manufactured by the above-described method may be applied as an accessory for indoor and outdoor decoration as it is, but may be applied as a product stored in a case made of a transparent material such as glass or acrylic, if necessary. Various possible specific examples are shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, respectively.

When the decorative biocar manufactured as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is housed inside the case, air may be flowed to one side of the case so that not only functions as a decorative accessory but also effective functions of the biocar described above can be expressed. It is preferred that an opening or a through hole is formed.

In addition, if necessary, as shown in FIG. 6C, various colors may be applied to each surface of the bio-car in order to further enhance the function as an accessory for interior and exterior decoration, which is spraying a liquid paint or pigment, It is made by applying color to the surface of the biocar using either painting or dipping method, or by mixing paint or pigment in the preservative solution, the color is applied to the surface of the biocar when treating the preservative solution. It can be done in a way.

In addition, the liquid paint or pigment may be applied to the surface of the bio-car prepared in step S50, if necessary, and as described above, when treating the surface of the bio-car before or after the preservative treatment. It can be applied to the surface of the bio-tea.

In addition, the decorative bio-car according to the present invention is manufactured as a stand-type, wall-mounted, chandelier-type flowerpot, lighting, picture frame, etc. because it can exert the effective function of bio-car while maintaining the natural appearance of flowers commonly used for interior decoration. If possible, the aesthetic sense is significantly improved when compared with the existing charcoal ornaments, thereby having the advantage of satisfying the various purchasing needs of consumers.

10: chamber portion 20: nitrogen supply portion
30: storage solution supply unit 60: heater unit
100: control unit

Claims (4)

A first step of forming an inside of the chamber in an anaerobic state by supplying nitrogen into a chamber in which the biomass is accommodated or vacuuming the inside of the chamber; and
A second step of thermally decomposing the biomass into a bio-difference by applying heat so that the inside of the chamber in the anaerobic state becomes a preset temperature range,
The temperature range is a method for manufacturing a decorative bio-car, characterized in that the cellulose component and the hemicellulose component included in the biomass are completely thermally decomposed and the carbon skeleton inside the biomass constituted by the lignin component is maintained. According to claim 1,
A third step of applying a liquid preservative to the surface of the thermally decomposed biocar to increase the specific surface area of the biocar while maintaining a state in which the carbon skeleton does not collapse; and
A method of manufacturing a decorative bio-car, further comprising a fourth step of increasing the surface hardness of the bio-car by drying the preservative applied to the surface of the bio-car. According to claim 2,
The method of manufacturing a decorative bio-car, characterized in that it further comprises the step of applying a paint or pigment to the surface of the bio-degraded bio-car or the surface of the bio-car that has been dried. Bio tea produced by any one of claims 1 to 3; And
It includes a case of a transparent material to accommodate the bio-car therein,
A decorative bio-car characterized in that at least one opening through which external air can flow is formed on one side of the case.

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