KR20200025931A - Multi-stage drying and torrefaction reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to equipment and method for drying and torrefying multistage reverse flow baffle plates for torrefying a biomass, and more specifically, to a biomass torrefaction method using equipment for drying and torrefying multistage baffle plates, which enables the target samples to be unfirmly torrefied by sorting the target samples according to sizes and weights of target samples within the drying and torrefying equipment. A multistage drying and torrefying reactor according to the present invention includes: torrefaction devices in which the biomass is dropped from an upper part thereof to pass through a lower part; and a hot air blower which is formed under the torrefaction device to inject hot air into the upper side, wherein a plurality of the torrefaction devices are formed in such a form that the front and rear portions of the torrefaction device are connected to the torrefaction devices in a state that at least one surface of the torrefaction device is brought into contact with other torrefaction device. The torrefaction devices include: a through-hole which is formed in a upper portion of a surface brought into contact with other torrefaction device, and through which the biomass can pass; a plurality of baffle plates which have a downward slope and are formed in a zigzag shape inside the torrefaction device; and a reflection plate which injecting a suspending biomass into the torrefaction device connected to the back of the reflection plate by hot air in an upper part of one surface of the reflection plate brought into contact with other torrefaction device, wherein the biomass is dried while being dropped in a zigzag shape along the baffle plates in the torrefaction device.

Description

Multi-stage drying and torrefaction reactor

The present invention relates to a reverse flow multiple baffle plate drying and semi-carbonization apparatus and a drying and semi-carbonization method for drying or semi-carbonizing a solid material such as coal or biomass, and more particularly, to size and target a sample inside the apparatus. The present invention relates to drying and semi-carbonization of solid raw materials using multiple baffle plate drying and semi-carbonization apparatuses that can be uniformly dried or semi-carbonized by weight.

In the case of coal used as fuel in power generation, high grade coal such as bituminous coal with high calorific value of 6000 kcal / kg or more is economically difficult to use as a fuel for power generation because of its low amount and high price due to the high utilization rate in the past. This is big. Therefore, the utilization rate of low grade coal, which has low calorific value below 4000 kcal / kg but has a large amount of abundance and low price, is increasing. However, low grade coal has a low degree of carbonization, and thus has a lot of hydrophilic functional groups and voids, and contains a large amount of water, about 30 to 70% of the total weight. This moisture lowers the calorific value of coal, thus increasing the amount of coal consumed for producing a certain amount of electricity and increasing the amount of pollutants generated, thereby increasing the burden on environmental facilities. Therefore, if water is removed through drying before coal utilization, the cost and environmental burden can be reduced through the efficient use of low grade coal.

On the other hand, in order to reduce greenhouse gas such as RPS system, we are working hard to secure timber and biomass supply and resources in developed countries. Waste wood biomass has a high moisture content and low energy density, making it difficult to use as a solid fuel. The moisture contained in the biomass absorbs heat as it is vaporized during the combustion process, thus consuming the heat of the fuel. Increasing the calorific value of fuel per unit weight by removing moisture and semi-carbonization increases the energy density and reduces the amount of use, thereby reducing transportation costs and increasing combustion efficiency. Therefore, in order to utilize wood biomass, semi-carbonization technology by drying and semi-carbonization has been variously developed.

Indonesia and Malaysia have large farm plantations active for the oil palm industry. Oil palm biomass generates approximately 90 million tonnes per year in Indonesia and approximately 50 million tonnes per year in Malaysia, and around 184 million tonnes annually worldwide. Among them, the available waste resources account for about 30%, or 50 million tons, and the market size is about 5.5 trillion dollars when it is carbonized and used as fuel.

In Korea, the amount of waste wood generated is about 2 million tons per year, and most of the waste wood is generated in mountainous areas. The miniaturization of the semi-carburizing device can reduce the cost of the facility, and the modularity has the advantage that the processing can be performed from small to large.

The existing semi-carbonization method does not consider the classification according to the size of the biomass particles, there is a problem that the degree of semi-carbonization is uneven because the rate of descending is changed according to the size and weight of the biomass during the semi-carbonization process.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a semi-carbonization apparatus and a semi-carbonization method that can be semi-carbonized evenly regardless of the size of the biomass target particles.

In the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, a semi-carbonization apparatus through which biomass falls and passes through the lower portion at the top and hot air flowing from the lower portion of the semi-carbonization apparatus to the upper portion is injected. Including a hot air fan, The semi-carbonization device is a plurality of forms in the form of being connected back and forth to at least one face with the other semi-carbonization device, The semi-carbonization device is formed on top of the surface facing the other semi-carbonization device Through-holes that can pass through, a plurality of zigzag blocks formed in a zigzag with a downward gradient therein, and a reflecting plate for injecting biomass suspended by hot air into one of the semi-carburizing devices connected to the rear of the upper surface on the upper side of the surface against other semi-carburizing devices. And, in the semi-carbonization device, the biomass falls in a zigzag along the baffle and is dried. Can be.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of semi-carbonization apparatuses has a floating standard, and the hot air blower may inject hot air at a wind speed according to the floating standard of the semi-carbonization apparatus.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the semi-carbonization device connected to the front and rear of the floating standard, the floating standard of the previous semi-carbonization device may be lower than the floating standard of the subsequent semi-carbonization device.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the speed of the hot air of the front semi-carbonization apparatus may be 4 to 6 m / s, the speed of the hot air of the rear half-shoeing apparatus may be 2 to 4 m / s.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the baffle plate may be formed in a downward gradient of 20 to 80 degrees on the inner wall surface of the semi-carbonization device.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the hot air injected into the semi-carbonization apparatus may be 200 ~ 600 ℃.

According to the present invention, since the biomass hits the obstruction plate and falls, it has a contact time for sufficient heat transfer with the gas stream, and since the rising gas stream forms a turbulent flow with the obstruction plate and contacts the biomass, heat transfer The efficiency is increased.

In addition, in the drying and semi-carbonization apparatus of the present invention, the temperature difference between the biomass and the gas stream is kept constant so that the heat transfer rate is kept constant through the entire drying and semi-carbonization apparatus, and a high pressure gradient is formed in the upper and lower regions of the baffle plate. Pressure difference further promotes anti-carbonization.

The pyrolysis device of the present invention may be classified according to the size and weight of the biomass particles to be uniformly carbonized.

In another effect, the gas gas supplied from the lower side is lowered while the temperature is lowered. As the biomass falls, the gas is heated at the initial and middle stages of contact and is dried by convection. It can be dried and semi-carbonized at the same time as it is thermally decomposed with gas.

On the other hand, the effects of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned effects, various effects may be included within the scope apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description.

Figure 1 is a semi-carbonized biomass by the conventional semi-carbonization device is classified according to the floating properties.
2 is a block diagram of a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an illustration of a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows the air flow rate vector of the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 shows the air flow line of the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a biomass sample classification result of a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the 'multistage drying and semi-carbonization reactor' according to the present invention. The described embodiments are provided to enable those skilled in the art to easily understand the technical spirit of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, matters represented in the accompanying drawings may be different from those actually implemented in the schematic drawings in order to easily explain the embodiments of the present invention.

On the other hand, each component expressed below is only an example for implementing the present invention. Thus, other implementations may be used in other implementations of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In addition, each component may be implemented in purely hardware or software configurations, but may also be implemented in a combination of various hardware and software configurations that perform the same function. In addition, two or more components may be implemented together by one hardware or software.

In addition, the expression "comprising" certain components merely refers to the presence of the components as an 'open' expression, and should not be understood as excluding additional components.

In the present specification, the present invention has been described through biomass, but the present invention is not limited to biomass, but is applicable to all solid raw materials that require drying or semi-carbonization including coal.

In the present specification, the description will be made based on a semi-carbonization method, but the present invention may perform drying according to a difference in temperature and gas in the same manner.

Figure 1 is a semi-carbonized biomass by the conventional semi-carbonization device is classified according to the floating properties.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the conventional semi-carbonization apparatus, the sample to be dried or semi-carbonized supplied from the upper portion of the apparatus is dried and semi-carbonized by falling down through the same flow path regardless of its size or weight.

At this time, when the size or weight of the target sample to be put into the drying and semi-carbonization apparatus is not uniform, the degree of floating along the air flow is different, the time to stay inside the drying and semi-carbonization apparatus may be different.

If the weight is the same, the larger sample will have more drag due to the airflow than the smaller sample, so it will float along the airflow. If the same size, the lighter sample will be less affected by inertia or gravity than the heavy sample. As a result, the floating time may be large, and thus the time for staying inside the semi-carbonization device may vary.

According to this weight and size, the degree of floating or sinking by airflow is called floating.

The small floating sample is more likely to escape from the airflow because it is more likely to overcome the resistance of the airflow and fall to the bottom. However, the larger floating sample does not easily escape from the airflow directed upwards. It may take a relatively long time.

Since the degree of drying or semi-carbonization varies depending on the residence time of the sample in the semi-carbonization apparatus, the degree of drying or semi-carbonization may vary according to the floating property of the sample.

In this case, when a sample having a variety of floating properties is added, not only the quality of the dried or semi-carbonized product becomes uneven, but also the sample that stays in the apparatus for too long may be excessively dried or semi-carbonized in the apparatus, or with other sample particles or walls. Due to repeated collisions, it is broken finely and discharged with airflow, so the yield of the product obtained at the bottom is lowered and the fine particles discharged at the top can adversely affect the rear end device.

2 is a block diagram of a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2, the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a semi-carbonization apparatus 110 and a hot air fan 140.

The semi-carbonization apparatus 110 is a drying and semi-carbonization apparatus that the biomass is dropped in the upper portion, the hot gas is injected in the lower portion to semi-carbonize the biomass. The semi-carbonization device 110 is preferably a columnar column structure, preferably a square column structure in order to secure a long residence time of the biomass. The height or width of the drying and semi-carbonization apparatus can be adjusted according to the particle size, content, throughput, time, etc. of the raw biomass.

The semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may be included in plurality. The plurality of semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may have a form attached to the other semi-carbonization apparatus 110 attached to the front and back. The semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may each have a floating criterion. The semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may set the floating standards, respectively. The semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may inject a biomass having a greater floating property than the floating standard to the semi-carbonization apparatus 110 connected to the back. The semi-carbonization device 110 may be connected from the front to the back in the order in which the floating standards are low. For example, the biomass is injected from the outside into the front half carbonization device 110, and then the half carbonization device 110 connected to the back is bio-higher than the floating standard in the front half carbonization device 110. The mass can be passed over and injected. The semi-carbonization device 110 may include a through hole 111 on the top of the surface connected or coupled with the other semi-carbonization device 110. Through the through-hole 111, the biomass having a large floating property may be introduced into the rear semi-carbonization apparatus 110 by the reflector 130 through the airflow caused by hot air.

The semi-carbonization device 110 may be formed in a zigzag form a plurality of baffle plate 120 having a downward gradient therein.

In the present invention, the biomass may be zigzag and semi-carbonized along the baffle plate 120.

The baffle plate 120 may be formed inside the semi-carbonization device 110, and may have a downward slope at a predetermined angle with respect to the wall surface. The inclination angle of the baffle plate 120 may be 20 to 80 °, preferably 30 to 60 °. When the baffle plate 120 has a downward gradient at the angle, it is possible to optimize the heat transfer efficiency by increasing the drop speed of the biomass and the contact time with the gas stream.

The baffle plate 120 is zigzag formed on the inner wall surface of the semi-carbonization device 110. In the present invention, the biomass falls into the zigzag, where the drop of the zigzag is repeated while the path in which the biomass falls is not moved in a straight line (vertical fall) but is moved from one side of the inner wall of the drying and semi-carbonization apparatus to the opposite side. It shows falling.

 In addition, the blockage plate 120 is formed in a zigzag means that the structure of the downwardly inclined obstruction plate 120 formed on one side and the downwardly inclined obstruction plate 120 formed on the opposite side facing the zigzag exhibits a zigzag shape. . There may be a variety of cases in which the baffle plate exhibits a zigzag structure. As an embodiment of the present invention, a downwardly inclined adjacent block located on an inner wall facing a downwardly inclined baffle plate 120 formed on one side as shown in FIG. It may be installed at a position higher or lower than the plate 120. That is, the baffle plate 120 may exhibit a zigzag structure when the baffle plate 120 is alternately formed to alternate with the adjacent baffle plate 120 positioned on the opposite inner wall.

In the present invention, the number of the obstruction plates 120 is not particularly limited. The baffle plate may be formed in an appropriate number according to the time that the biomass stays in the semi-carbonization device, the biomass throughput amount, the inflow gas gas, and the like. In one embodiment of the present invention, the baffle plate 120 of the semi-carbonization device of the present invention may be provided with about 10 to 30.

The biomass dropped from the top of the semi-carbonization device 110 may be continuously dropped to the adjacent baffle plate 120 located on the inner wall facing the one baffle plate 120. The zig-zag structure of the baffle plate 120 or the zig-zag drop method of the biomass can increase the residence time in the biomass semi-carbonization apparatus 110 and the contact time with the gas.

In the present invention, since the biomass is introduced from the top and the hot air is introduced from the bottom, the temperature difference between the biomass particles and the hot air is constant through the entire semi-carbonization apparatus 110. This increases the semi-carbonization efficiency since the driving force required for pyrolysis is uniformly applied to the entire semi-carbonization apparatus. As seen from the biomass side, as soon as it enters the upper part, convection drying is performed in which water is removed by a gas having a lower temperature than the lower part. In the middle and the lower part, it is semi-carburized by encountering a gas that is hotter than the upper part with water already removed.

The semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may include a reflector plate 130. The reflector 130 may be formed inside the semi-carbonization apparatus 110 and may have an inclination at a predetermined angle with respect to the wall surface. The reflector plate 130 may change the moving path so as to face the semi-carbonization apparatus 110 when the biomass having high floating property rises along the airflow. That is, when the biomass having the floating property is higher than the floating standard within the semi-carbonization apparatus 110, the movement path is changed by the reflecting plate 130 toward the later half-carbonization apparatus 110, and the half of the back It may be injected into the carbonization device 110. The reflective plate 130 may be positioned at the same height as the through hole 111. The reflective plate 130 may be located at a higher position than the through hole 111.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reflector 130 may use a top baffle plate, but may have a different length. The length of the reflector plate 130 may be 50 to 100% of the length of the baffle plate, preferably 60 to 80%, based on a position where the reflector plate 130 is in contact with the through hole 111. If the reflective plate 130 is shorter than this, raw material particles rising from the bottom do not collide, and thus a phenomenon that the raw material particles do not collide with the rear side may occur. If the reflective plate 130 is longer than this, a narrow gap between the reflective plate and the left vertical wall surface may occur. It can interfere with falling smoothly downward.

The semi-carbonization device 110 may include a through hole 111 on the top of the surface connected or coupled with the other semi-carbonization device 110. Through the through-hole 111, the biomass having a large floating property may be introduced into the rear semi-carbonization apparatus 110 by the reflector 130 through the airflow caused by the hot air.

The through hole 111 may start from a point of contact with the reflector. The height of the through-hole 111 may be about 40 to 70%, preferably 50 to 60% of the gap between the obstruction plate having the same inclination direction. If the height of the through hole 111 is greater than this, most of the raw material particles may pass directly to the rear reactor without hitting the vertical wall surface, thereby reducing particle separation effect between the reactors. Particles that are more suspended than the reference can also be difficult to pass to the rear reactor.

The hot air fan 140 may inject hot air into the lower portion of the semi-carbonization device (110). The hot air fan 140 may adjust the speed and temperature of the hot air.

The baffle plate 120 may use a metal having high thermal conductivity. In addition, a material for preventing oxidation by moisture or high temperature may be used or coated. Since the biomass falls while contacting the obstruction plate 120, the moisture of the biomass may be promoted by heat conduction of the metal.

Hot air injected from the bottom of the semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may be a hot gas of 200 ℃ or more. The gas temperature is preferably 200 ~ 600 ℃, more preferably 250 ~ 400 ℃.

The size of the biomass may be 1 to 50mm, preferably 10 to 50mm.

The amount of the gas injected from the bottom of the semi-carbonization device 110 may be 3 ~ 15Nm / kg (gas flow rate / biomass amount), preferably 5 ~ 10Nm / kg.

Falling speed of the biomass may be 1 ~ 5m / s.

The drying and semi-carbonization apparatus may have a residence time of biomass of 30 seconds to 600 seconds, preferably 30 seconds to 300 seconds.

The apparatus can control the residence time of the biomass by adjusting the flow rate and flow rate of the gas injected from the bottom.

The hot air fan 140 is a device that can inject gas into the semi-carbonization apparatus 110 and can be used without limitation. The hot air fan 140 preferably injects gas under a baffle plate installed at the bottom thereof.

The semi-carbonization device 110 may include a collecting unit for recovering the fine powder discharged from the gas discharged to the top. Cyclones, scrubbers, filter bag dust collectors, and the like may be used as the collecting part.

The semi-carbonization apparatus 110 may further include a cooling unit for recovering tar by cooling the gas discharged to the rear end of the collecting unit.

The gas may refer to a gas supplied to the devolatilization gas and hot air that are discharged by the devolatilization of some volatile substances included in the biomass during operation of the semi-carbonization apparatus 110. The hot air may be discharged upward through the semi-carbonization apparatus 110.

Biomass is composed of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and may be decomposed in the order of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin as the temperature increases during pyrolysis. Hemicellulose usually begins to decompose at 200 ° C or higher, and monosaccharides and organic acids (acetic acid, formic acid) may occur.

In the lower portion of the semi-carbonization device 110, since the operation of the hot air is injected at 250 ~ 400 ° C the hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin constituting the biomass is decomposed and the devolatilization is made. The devolatilized material (volatile devolatilization gas) is discharged in the form of bio by-product gas (or combustion gas) or tar.

The gas discharged from the semi-carbonization apparatus 110 includes a devolatilization gas, and after recovery of fine powder, rapid cooling in a cooling unit may yield tar. The tar can be utilized as fuel through steam reforming and the like.

Figure 3 is an illustration of a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a semi-carbonization apparatus 210, a baffle plate 220, a reflector plate 230, and a hot air fan 240.

The semi-carbonization apparatus 210 may discharge biomass through the lower portion of the lowermost obstruction plate 220, and the lowermost obstruction plate 220 may be an outer wall surface of the semi-carbonization apparatus 210. That is, the lowermost end of the semi-carbonization device 210 may be configured in such a way that one side is inclined and the outlet 250 is narrowed. The plurality of semi-carbonization apparatus 210 may have a lower height of the outlet 250 of the semi-carbonization apparatus 210 than the outlet 250 of the preceding semi-carbonization apparatus 210. That is, the semi-carbonization device 210 may be arranged stepwise.

The plurality of semi-carbonization device 210 may have a form attached to the other semi-carbonization device 210 attached to the front and back. The semi-carbonization apparatus 210 may each have a floating criterion. The semi-carbonization apparatus 210 may set the floating standards, respectively. The semi-carbonization apparatus 210 may inject a biomass having a greater floating property than the floating standard to the semi-carbonization apparatus 210 connected to the back side. The semi-carbonization device 210 may be connected from the front to the back in the order in which the floating standards are low. For example, the biomass is injected from the outside into the front half carbonization device 210, and then the half carbonization device 210 connected to the back is bio-higher than the floating standard in the front half carbonization device 210. The mass can be passed over and injected. The semi-carbonization device 210 may include a through hole on an upper surface of the surface connected or coupled with another semi-carbonization device 210. Through the through hole, the biomass having a large floating property may be introduced into the rear semi-carbonization apparatus 210 by the reflector 230 through the air flow caused by the hot air.

The through hole may start from a point of contact with the reflector. The height of the through hole may be about 40 to 70%, preferably 50 to 60% of the gap between the obstruction plate having the same inclination direction. If the through-hole height is larger than this, most of the raw material particles can pass directly to the rear reactor without colliding with the vertical wall surface, thereby reducing particle separation effect between the reactors. Particles can also be difficult to pass to the back reactor.

The semi-carbonization device 210 may be formed in a zigzag form a plurality of baffle plate 220 having a downward gradient therein.

In the present invention, the biomass may be zigzag and semi-carbonized along the baffle plate 220.

The baffle plate 220 may be formed inside the semi-carbonization device 210 and may have a downward slope at a predetermined angle with respect to the wall surface. The inclination angle of the baffle plate 220 may be 20 to 80 °, preferably 30 to 60 °. When the baffle plate 220 has a downward gradient at the angle, it is possible to optimize the heat transfer efficiency by increasing the drop speed of the biomass and the contact time with the gas stream.

The baffle plate 220 is zigzag formed on the inner wall surface of the semi-carbonization device 210. In the present invention, the biomass falls into the zigzag, where the drop of the zigzag is repeated while the path in which the biomass falls is not moved in a straight line (vertical fall) but is moved from one side of the inner wall of the drying and semi-carbonization apparatus to the opposite side. It shows falling.

 In addition, the blockage plate 220 is formed in a zigzag means that the structure of the downwardly inclined obstruction plate 220 formed on one side and the downwardly inclined obstruction plate 220 formed on the opposite side thereof has a zigzag shape. . There may be a variety of cases in which the baffle plate exhibits a zigzag structure. As an embodiment of the present invention, a downwardly inclined adjacent block disposed on an inner wall face of a downwardly inclined baffle plate 220 formed on one side as shown in FIG. It may be installed at a position higher or lower than the plate 220. That is, the blocking plate 220 may exhibit a zigzag structure when the blocking plate 220 is alternately formed to alternate with the adjacent blocking plate 220 positioned on the opposite inner wall.

In the present invention, the number of the obstruction plates 220 is not particularly limited. The baffle plate may be formed in an appropriate number depending on the time for which the biomass stays in the semi-carbonization device, the biomass throughput, the inflow gas temperature or the flow rate. In one embodiment of the present invention, the baffle plate 220 of the semi-carbonization device of the present invention may be provided with about 10 to 30.

The biomass dropped from the top of the semi-carbonization device 210 may be continuously dropped to the adjacent baffle plate 120 located on the inner wall facing the one side baffle plate 220. The zig-zag structure of the baffle plate 220 or the zig-zag fall method of the biomass can increase the residence time in the biomass semi-carbonization device 210 and the contact time of the gas stream.

In the present invention, since the biomass is introduced from the top and the hot air is introduced from the bottom, the temperature difference between the biomass particles and the hot air is constant through the entire semi-carbonization apparatus 210. This increases the semi-carbonization efficiency since the driving force required for the semi-carbonization is constantly applied to the entire semi-carbonization apparatus. As seen from the biomass side, as soon as it enters the upper part, convection drying is performed in which water is removed by a gas stream having a lower temperature than the lower part. In the middle and the lower part, it is semi-carbonized by encountering a hot gas stream higher than the upper part with water already removed.

The semi-carbonization device 210 may include a reflector 230. The reflector 230 may be formed inside the semi-carbonization apparatus 210 and may have an inclination at a predetermined angle with respect to the wall surface. The reflector plate 230 may change the moving path so as to face the semi-carbonization device 210 when the biomass having a high floating property rises along the airflow. That is, when the biomass having the floating property is higher than the floating standard within the semi-carbonization apparatus 210, the movement path is changed by the reflecting plate 230 toward the later half-carbonization apparatus 210, and thus the half of the back It may be injected into the carbonization device 210. The reflector 230 may be positioned at the same height as the through hole. The reflector 230 may be located at a higher position than the through hole.

The hot air fan 240 may inject hot air to the lower portion of the semi-carbonization device (210). The hot air fan 240 may adjust the speed and temperature of the hot air. The hot air may be discharged upward through the semi-carbonization device 210.

The baffle plate 220 may use a metal having high thermal conductivity. In addition, a material for preventing oxidation by moisture or high temperature may be used or coated. Since the biomass falls while contacting the obstruction plate 220, the moisture of the biomass may be promoted by heat conduction of the metal.

The hot air fan 240 may be disposed in a stepped manner in the outlet 250 of each semi-carbonization device 210 to correspond to the semi-carbonization device 210 arranged in a step.

Figure 4 shows the air flow rate vector of the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 shows the air flow line of the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be.

4 and 5, in the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, airflow may flow in a zigzag direction by the baffle plate. The force caused by the airflow is also applied in the zigzag direction as can be seen in the airflow vector. When the force caused by the airflow is applied to the biomass, the biomass sinks or rises according to the floating property of the biomass. Biomass that is less than or equal to the floatation criteria of the semi-carbonization apparatus may be discharged by being semi-carbonized through the semi-carbonization apparatus to the outlet 250, and has a floating property than that of the semi-carbonization apparatus. Large biomass may rise inside the semi-carbonization apparatus and be introduced into the later semi-carbonization apparatus through reflectors and through holes. The latter semi-carbonization device may have a higher floating standard than the preceding semi-carbonization device. Hot air injected into the semi-carbonization device may have a higher wind speed as the floating standard is lower.

6 is a biomass sample classification result of a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 6, the speed of the air flow flowing into the device of each stage may be set differently in consideration of the difference in weight or specific weight of the sample particles introduced. As the number of stages increases from one stage to two stages (or more), the flow rate of the airflow flowing into each stage may be set to be small.

When two kinds of sample particles with the same density but different particle size are introduced into the new device, the particle size is large and relatively heavy particles fall out of the airflow in the first stage (left) apparatus and fall to the bottom of the first stage apparatus by gravity. Due to the small particle diameter, relatively light particles can be swept away by the airflow from the top of the first stage device and moved to the second stage (right) device.

Relatively light particles migrated to the two-stage device may fall out of the airflow at a lower flow rate than the first-stage device and fall to the bottom of the two-stage device.

The semi-carbonization device is capable of automatically classifying samples according to weight or specific weight even when sample particles having different weights or specific gravity are introduced into the device at the same time. Can be obtained

According to one embodiment of the present invention, by increasing the number of stages of the semi-carbonization apparatus, it is possible to subdivide the classification of the sample and to obtain an even drying or semi-carbonization effect even in the weight or specific weight change of the sample.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, reducing the size of each stage according to the ratio of the amount of the sample falling into each stage may not increase the gas flow rate required compared to the existing apparatus.

So far I looked at the center of the preferred embodiment for the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in a modified form without departing from the essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. The scope of the present invention is shown in the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and all differences within the scope will be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims (10)

A semi-carbonization device in which the biomass falls and passes through the lower portion at the upper portion; And
And a hot air fan for injecting hot air from the lower portion of the semi-carbonization device to the upper portion thereof.
The semi-carbonization device is included in plurality in a form in which the other half-carbonization device and at least one face to face and connected back and forth,
The semi-carbonization device,
A through hole through which the biomass formed on an upper surface of the surface facing the other semi-carbonization device can pass therethrough;
A plurality of baffle plates zigzag having a downward gradient therein; And
A reflector for injecting biomass suspended by hot air into one of the semi-carbonization apparatuses connected to the rear of the upper surface of the upper surface of the upper surface of the anti-carbonization apparatus;
Multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor in which the biomass falls in a zigzag along the baffle plate and dried in the semi-carbonization device. The method of claim 1,
The plurality of semi-carbonization device,
Each has a floating standard,
The hot air fan,
Multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that for injecting hot air at a wind speed according to the floating standards of each of the plurality of semi-carbonization apparatus. The method of claim 2,
The floating standards are
The back and forth connected semi-carbonization apparatus is a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that the floatation criteria of the preceding semi-carbonization unit is lower than that of the latter semi-carbonization unit. The method of claim 3,
The speed of the hot air of the front semi-carbonization device is 4 ~ 6m / s, the speed of the hot air of the rear semi-shoeing device is 2 ~ 4m / s, characterized in that the multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor. The method of claim 1,
The baffle plate is a multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that formed in a gradient down to 20 to 80 degrees on the inner wall of the semi-carbonization device. The method of claim 1,
Multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that the temperature of the hot air injected into the semi-carbonization apparatus is 200 ~ 600 ℃. The method of claim 1,
The through hole,
Multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that 40 to 70% of the gap between the obstruction plate having the same inclination direction. The method of claim 7, wherein
The through hole,
Multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that 50 to 60% of the gap between the obstruction plate having the same inclination direction. The method of claim 1,
The reflector is,
Multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that having a length of 50 to 100% of the length of the baffle from the position in contact with the through hole. The method of claim 9,
The reflector is,
Multi-stage drying and semi-carbonization reactor, characterized in that having a length of 60 ~ 80% of the length of the baffle from the position in contact with the through hole.

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