KR20200010404A - Voltage converters, electrical systems comprising such voltage converters and methods of manufacturing such voltage converters - Google Patents

Abstract

The voltage converter 104 comprises: a first heat sink 302; At least one commandable switch 112, 114 having a heat sink surface in thermal contact with the first heat sink 302; And at least one capacitor 124. The voltage converter 104 further has a second heat sink 316, and the heat sink surface 204 of each capacitor 124 is in thermal contact with the second heat sink 316.

Description

Voltage converters, electrical systems comprising such voltage converters and methods of manufacturing such voltage converters

The present invention relates to a voltage converter, an electrical system having such a voltage converter and a method of manufacturing such a voltage converter.

As a voltage converter:

- A first heat sink,

- At least one commandable switch having a heat sink face in thermal contact with the first heat sink;

- It is known to use a voltage converter of the type having at least one capacitor.

In this known voltage converter, the heat sink surface of each capacitor is also in thermal contact with the first heat sink.

It is an object of the present invention to propose a more reliable voltage converter.

To this end, a proposal is for a voltage converter of the type described above, wherein the voltage converter further has a second heat sink, and the heat sink surface of each capacitor is in thermal contact with the second heat sink.

Specifically, the inventors have found that commandable switches generally withstand higher temperatures than capacitors, and thus heat sinks suitable for commandable switches, whereby these capacitors deteriorate resulting in reduced reliability of the voltage converter. Note that-is not necessary for the capacitors.

Due to the present invention, when the first heat sink is at a temperature that is too high for the capacitors, the capacitors are cooled by the second heat sink so that these capacitors are not affected.

Optionally, the voltage converter has a thermally conductive element inserted between the heat sink surface of each capacitor and the second heat sink.

Also optionally, the voltage converter further has, for each capacitor, a thermal insulator inserted between the first heat sink and the capacitor.

Also optionally, the at least one capacitor has a cylindrical shape, the first base of the cylinder forms a circular lower face of the capacitor, and the second base of the cylinder A circular upper face of the capacitor is formed, the lower surface comprising a first terminal and a second terminal of at least one capacitor, and the heat sink surface is the circular upper face.

Also optionally, the voltage converter has an air inlet and an air outlet, which create an airflow from the air inlet to the air outlet where the air intake comes into contact with the second heat sink. Is arranged to.

Also optionally, the second heat sink extends over the first heat sink.

Also optionally, the housing extends above the first heat sink and below the second heat sink, the housing containing a printed circuit board having electrical components designed to control at least one commandable switch.

Also optionally, an intermediate air inlet is arranged such that the intake of air through the air outlet creates airflow between the housing and the first heat sink from the air inlet to the air outlet that is in contact with the housing. .

Also optionally, the plate of the second heat sink has a bottom surface, and fins protrude downward from the bottom surface.

Also optionally, the first heat sink has a plate having a bottom surface and fins protruding downward from the bottom surface of the plate.

Also optionally, the second heat sink extends over the first heat sink such that at least 40%, preferably 60%, and even more preferably 80% of the bottom surface of the second heat sink is the top of the first heat sink. It is on the surface.

Also optionally, the second heat sink has a plate and fins protruding from the plate.

Also optionally, as a voltage converter:

- First and second busbars,

- Having at least one power module, the power module:

- At least a pair of first and second commandable switches, each commandable switch having two main terminals and a control terminal for selectively opening and closing the commandable switch between the two main terminals; The first main terminal of the first commandable switch is connected to a second bus bar, and the second main terminal of the second commandable switch is connected to a second bus bar. Wow,

- For each pair of commandable switches, the third bus bar, as a third bus bar, connects the second main terminal of the first commandable switch and the first main terminal of the second commandable switch to the third bus bar. ,

- For each power module, as a capacitor, it has a first and second terminals connected to at least first and second bus bars, respectively, and has a value of at least 500 microfarads, preferably at least 560 microfarads, and is commandable. Located close enough to the switches, the bus bar, for each pair of commandable switches, starts from the first terminal of the capacitor, successively passes through each of these two commandable switches, and the second terminal of the capacitor A conductive path is defined which terminates at, with the capacitor having an inductance of up to 40 nanohenries, preferably up to 30 nanohenries.

Also proposed is an electrical system:

- Electrical appliance

- An electrical system with a voltage converter according to the invention, connected to an electrical appliance.

Optionally, the electrical device extends under the first heat sink.

Also optionally, the air outlet of the voltage converter is formed through the first heat sink, and the electrical appliance has an upper air inlet, and is configured to suck air through the upper air inlet to create an intake of air through the air outlet of the voltage converter. Have a designed fan.

Also optionally, the electrical device is positioned at a distance from the first heat sink of the voltage converter so as to define a second air inlet between the first heat sink of the voltage converter and the electrical device, wherein the fan of the electrical device is It is designed to suck air through the upper air inlet of the electrical appliance, to create a second airflow from the air inlet to the upper air inlet of the electrical appliance, the second airflow being in contact with the first heat sink.

Also proposed is a method of manufacturing a voltage converter according to the invention:

- The bus bar, for each pair of commandable switches, starts from the first terminal of the capacitor, passes through each of these two commandable switches in succession, terminates at the second terminal of the capacitor, up to 40 nanohenry, Determining, for each power module, the location of the associated capacitor sufficiently close to the commandable switches, so as to define a conductive path having an inductance of up to 30 nanohenrys,

- Manufacturing a voltage converter by placing an associated capacitor at a location determined for each power module.

1 is a circuit diagram of an electrical system having a voltage converter embodying the present invention.
2 is a three dimensional view of a capacitor used in a voltage converter.
3 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a voltage converter and an electrical device connected to the voltage converter.
4 is a cross-sectional view of the voltage converter.
FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3, in which airflows are shown.
6 is a three-dimensional view of the power module of the voltage converter.
FIG. 7 is a view similar to that of FIG. 6 with the capacitor removed and the conductive path shown between the terminals of the capacitor.
8 is a three dimensional view of the bottom heat sink, capacitors and power modules of the voltage converter.
9 is a block diagram illustrating steps of a method of manufacturing a voltage converter.
10 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of a voltage converter.

An electrical system 100 embodying the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 1.

The electrical system 100 is intended to be installed in a motor vehicle, for example.

The electrical system 100 first has an electrical power supply 102 designed to carry a DC voltage U, for example 20V to 100V, for example 48V. The electrical power supply 102 has a battery, for example.

The electrical system 100 further has an electrical device 130 having a plurality of phases (not shown) intended to have respective phase voltages.

The electrical system 100 further has a voltage converter 104 connected between the electrical power source 102 and the electrical device 130 to perform the conversion between the DC voltage U and the phase voltage.

The voltage converter 104 first has a positive busbar 106 and a negative busbar 108 intended to be connected to the electrical power source 102 to receive the DC voltage U. The positive bus bar 106 receives a high potential and the negative bus bar 108 receives a low potential. The voltage converter 104 provides an electrical device 130 to provide their respective phase voltages. It further has at least one power module 110 having one or more phase bus bars 122 intended to be coupled to one or more phases of each.

In the illustrated example, the voltage converter 104 has three power modules 110 each having two phase bus bars 122 connected to the two phases of the electrical device 130.

More precisely, in the illustrated example, the electrical appliance 130 has two three-phase systems each having three phases and intended to be electrically phase offset by 120 ° relative to each other. Preferably, the first phase bus bars 122 of the power modules 110 are each connected to the three phases of the first three phase system, while the second phase bus bars 122 of the power modules 110 are respectively. Are each connected to three phases of a second three-phase system.

Each power module 110 includes, for each phase bus bar 122, a high-side switch 112 connected between the positive bus bar 106 and the phase bus bar 122, It has a low-side switch 114 connected between the phase bus bar 122 and the negative bus bar 108. The switches 112, 114 are thus arranged to form a chopping arm, where the phase bus bar 122 forms a center tap.

Each switch 112, 114 selectively selects the switches 112, 114 between the first and second main terminals 116, 118 and the two main terminals 116, 118 according to a control signal applied thereto. Has a control terminal 120 intended to open and close. The switches 112, 114 preferably have a metal oxide semiconductor field effect with transistors, eg, a gate forming the control terminal 120, and a drain and a source forming the main terminals 116, 118, respectively. Transistors.

In the illustrated example, the switches 112 and 114 are each, for example, in the form of a plate that is substantially rectangular and has an upper surface and a lower surface. The first main terminal 116 extends over the bottom surface, and the second main terminal 118 extends over the top surface. In addition, the bottom surface forms a heat sink surface.

The voltage converter 104, for each power module 110, has a capacitor 124 having a positive terminal 126 and a negative terminal 128 connected to the positive bus bar 106 and the negative bus bar 108, respectively. Has more.

It will be appreciated that positive bus bar 106, negative bus bar 108 and phase bus bar 122 are rigid elements designed to withstand at least 1A of current. They preferably have a thickness of at least 1 mm.

In addition, in the illustrated example, the electrical device 130 has both an alternator and an electric motor function. More precisely, the motor vehicle further has a thermal combustion engine (not shown) with an output shaft to which the electrical appliance 130 is connected via a belt (not shown). The thermal combustion engine is intended to drive the wheels of the motor vehicle through the output shaft. Thus, while operating in the alternator mode, the electrical device supplies electrical energy in the direction of the electrical power source 102 from the rotation of the output shaft. The voltage converter 104 operates as a rectifier. While operating in the electric motor mode, the electric machine drives the output shaft (in addition to or instead of the thermal combustion engine). The voltage converter 104 then operates as an inverter.

The electrical appliance 130 is, for example, located in a transmission, or else in a clutch of an automobile, or else in place of an alternator.

2, each capacitor 124 is large in size. For example, the maximum dimension is at least 15 mm. In general, this maximum dimension is at least 30 mm. For example, each capacitor 124 is generally cylindrical having a radius of 5 to 15 mm and a height of 18 to 40 mm, preferably 20 to 35 mm. Each capacitor 124 further has a value of at least 500 microfarads, preferably at least 560 microfarads. Each capacitor 124 is, for example, a chemical capacitor.

In addition, each capacitor 124 has a circular lower surface 202 on which a central pin forming its first terminal 126 and two peripheral pins forming its second terminal 128 are located. Have

Each capacitor 124 further has a heat sink surface 204 extending above the circular top surface of the capacitor 124 in the described example.

Preferably, at least 50% of the heat dissipated during operation by the capacitor 124, for example at least 75%, is dissipated by the heat sink surface 204, while the heat sink surface 204 is formed by this capacitor ( Extending up to 15%, for example up to 10%, of the entire surface of 124).

In the remaining description, the structure and arrangement of the elements of the voltage converter 104 and the electrical device 130 will be described in more detail with reference to any vertical direction HB, with the letter "H" representing the top and the letter "B" Indicates the bottom.

Referring to FIG. 3, the voltage converter 104 has a bottom heat sink, first having a bottom plate 304 extending substantially horizontally and having a top surface 306 where commandable switches 112, 114 are located. Has 302. Each of these heat sink surfaces, in the example, is in thermal contact with the top surface 306 of the bottom plate 304 through one of the bus bars 106, 108, 122.

The bottom plate 304 is also provided with an air outlet 308, and receiving apertures 310 for receiving the capacitors 124, which are located around the air outlet 308. . Capacitors 124 are oriented perpendicular to their bottom surface 202 directed downward, their terminals 126 and 128 extending directly below bottom plate 304, and their heat sink surface 204 directed upward. do.

The bottom heat sink 302 further has bottom fins 312 extending over the bottom surface 314 of the bottom plate 304.

The voltage converter 104 further has a top heat sink 316 extending a distance therefrom over the bottom heat sink 302.

Top heat sink 316 has a substantially horizontal top plate 318 extending over bottom plate 304 of bottom heat sink 302.

Top plate 318 has top surface 320 in contact with ambient air.

The top heat sink 316 further has top fins 322 protruding downward from the bottom surface 324 of the top plate 318.

The plate 318 further has downwardly directed bosses 326 in which the heat sink surfaces 204 of the capacitors 124 are each in thermal contact. In the illustrated example, the thermally conductive element 328 is inserted between the heat sink surface 204 and the boss 326. The thermally conductive element is, for example, a thermal adhesive.

The voltage converter 104 further has a printed circuit board 336 having electronic components designed to control the commandable switches 112, 114.

The voltage converter 104 further has a housing 330 for receiving a printed circuit board 336 extending between the bottom heat sink 302 and the top heat sink 316.

Housing 330 has a substantially horizontal intermediate plate 332 located between plate 304 of bottom heat sink 302 and plate 318 of top heat sink 316. The printed circuit board 336 extends over the top surface 338 of the intermediate plate 332.

The intermediate plate 332 is provided with apertures 334 for each passage of the capacitors 124.

Top heat sink 316 and housing 330 therebetween define a top lateral air inlet 340 that opens to top fins 322.

The electrical appliance 130 also has a distance therefrom below the bottom heat sink 302 to form an air passage with a bottom lateral air inlet 342 that opens to the bottom fins 312. Is extended.

The electrical appliance 130 has an upper air inlet 344 and a lateral air outlet 346 and is operated by a rotor (not shown) of the electrical appliance 130 and the upper air inlet 344. Has a fan 348 designed to suck air.

Referring to FIG. 4, for each capacitor 124, a receptacle 402, for example made of plastic, surrounding the capacitor 124 and forming a thermal insulator, is formed. Have more)

In particular, the receptacle 402 is formed in the bottom plate 304 to extend into the receiving aperture 310 to receive the capacitor 124 and to be inserted between the bottom heat sink 302 and the capacitor 124. Thus, capacitor 124 is thermally insulated from bottom heat sink 302. Receptacle 402 also extends to top heat sink 316 and passes into passage aperture 334 formed in intermediate plate 332. In the illustrated example, the receptacle 402 extends to the boss 326 associated with the capacitor 124 and is firmly attached to this boss 326 by the adhesive 404. In addition, the bottom of the receptacle 402 extends below the bottom surface 202 of the capacitor 124. Thus, capacitor 124 is insulated from its surroundings except for heat sink surface 204, which is in thermal contact with top heat sink 316. In addition, in the illustrated example, the terminals 126, 128 of the capacitor 124, and portions of the bus bar 106, 108 located at the terminals 126, 128 are embedded below the receptacle 402. .

Cooling of the voltage converter 104 will now be described with reference to FIG. 5.

During operation, the fan 348 of the electrical device 130 sucks air through the upper air inlet 344 of the electrical device 130 and draws air through the side air outlet 346 of the electrical device 130. Discharge.

This air intake creates a first air stream 502 from the top side air inlet 340 to the top heat sink 316, more precisely the air outlet 308, which is in contact with the top fins 322. . This first air stream 502 exhausts heat from the top heat sink 316, thereby cooling the capacitor 124 in thermal contact with the top heat sink 316.

In addition, the air intake through the fan 348 comes from the lower lateral air inlet 342 to contact the bottom heat sink 302, more precisely, the bottom fin 312, the top of the electrical appliance 130. Create a second air stream 504 to the air inlet 344. Thus, the second air stream 504 exhausts heat from the bottom heat sink 302, thereby cooling the commandable switches 112, 114 in thermal contact with the bottom heat sink 302.

The air surrounding the voltage converter 104 is generally at an ambient temperature of about 120 ° C.

Now, the air leaving the electrical device 130 through the side air outlet 346 is heated by a stator of the electrical device 130, so that the air at this side air outlet 346 is, for example, For example, it is the so-called high temperature which is several degrees higher than the ambient temperature which has a value of 125 degreeC.

As the bottom side air inlet 342 is located directly above the side air outlet of the electrical device 130, the second airflow 504 causes hot air to enter the voltage converter 104. This does not pose any problem to cool them because the commandable switches 112 and 114 are able to withstand high temperatures.

Capacitors 124 in that portion endure lower temperatures, which, when cooled by the bottom heat sink 302, cause the risk to be exceeded, which is cooled by the second airflow 504 using hot air. In addition, when the capacitors 124 are disposed in close proximity to the switches 112 and 114, the lower heat sink (s) by the switches 112 and 114, as will be described in more detail in the description of FIGS. 6 to 8. The heat released to 302 makes it even more difficult to use the bottom heat sink 302 to cool the capacitors 124.

For this reason, using the top heat sink 316 makes it possible to cool the capacitors 124. In addition, in the illustrated example, the fact that the upper side air inlet 340 is located higher than the lower side air inlet 342 uses air that is exhausted through the side air outlet 346 of the electrical appliance 130. To avoid cooling the top heat sink 316.

10 shows a second embodiment. Elements common to the embodiment described in FIG. 5 bear the same reference numerals and will not be described again.

In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the housing 330 has intermediate fins 352 extending over the bottom surface of the intermediate plate 332.

Housing 330 forms an intermediate heat sink for printed circuit board 336.

The housing 330 and the bottom heat sink 302 therebetween form an intermediate side air inlet 350. A third intake of air through the air outlet 308 from the air inlet 350 to the air outlet 308, which is in contact with the housing 330, between the housing 330 and the first heat sink 302. To create the airflow 506, the middle side air inlet is arranged.

The third air flow 506 from the intermediate air inlet 350 to the air outlet 308 is in contact with the housing 330, more precisely the fins 352. Thus, the third air stream exhausts heat from the housing 330, thereby cooling the printed circuit board 336.

In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the third airflow 506 is in contact with the intermediate shock 352.

During operation, the fan 348 of the electrical device 130 sucks air through the middle side air inlet 350 and discharges air through the side air outlet 346 of the electrical device 130.

The third airflow 506 has a horizontal overall orientation from the middle side air inlet 350 to the outlet 308, where it takes a vertical overall orientation. The airflow then takes a horizontal overall direction and centrifuge at fan 348 before leaving through side air outlet 346.

The first air stream 502 has a horizontal overall orientation from the upper side air inlet 340 to the passage aperture 334 where it takes an oblique orientation with respect to the outlet 308 and then a vertical overall orientation. The airflow then takes a horizontal overall direction and centrifuge at fan 348 before leaving through side air outlet 346.

 The second air stream 504 has a horizontal overall orientation from the lower side air inlet 342 to the upper air inlet 344, where it takes a vertical orientation. The airflow then takes a horizontal overall direction and centrifuge at fan 348 before leaving through side air outlet 346.

As a variant, the housing 330 does not have a fin 352. Of course, in this variant, the third airflow 506 also exists and has the same characteristics. The airflow 506 comes into contact with the housing 330, thus allowing the housing 330 and the printed circuit board 336 to cool. Thus, the first airflow 502, the second airflow 504, and the third airflow 506 make it possible to cool the capacitors 124, the switches 112 and 114, and the printed circuit board 336, respectively. do.

With reference to FIG. 6, in the illustrated example, the bus bars 106, 108, 122 each have a horizontal, coplanar, planar portion extending right sideways to each other above the bottom plate 304 of the bottom heat sink 302. (6202, 6204, 6206).

Also, in the illustrated example, the first main terminal 116 of each commandable switch 112, 114 extends over at least a portion of its bottom surface, while the second main terminal 118 is of its top surface. Extend over at least a portion.

For each pair of commandable switches 112, 114, the bottom surface of the first switch 112 connects its first main terminal 116 to the first bus bar 106 or the third bus bar 122. Is pressed against one of the planar portion 6202 of the first bus bar 106 and the planar portion 6206 of the third bus bar 122. In the illustrated example, the bottom surface of the first commandable switch 112 is pressed against the planar portion 6202 of the first bus bar 106. In addition, the top surface of the first switch 112 has at least one conductive tab to connect the second main terminal 116 to the first bus bar 106 or the third bus bar 122. Via 6208, a planar portion 6202 of first bus bar 106 and another planar portion 6206 of third bus bar 122 are connected. In the illustrated example, the top surface of the first switch 112 is connected to the planar portion 6206 of the third bus bar 122 via three conductive tabs 6208.

In addition, for each pair of commandable switches 112, 114, the bottom surface of the second commandable switch 114 connects its first main terminal 116 to the second bus bar 108 or the third bus. In order to connect to the bar 122, it is pressed against one of the planar portion 6204 of the second bus bar 108 and the planar portion 6206 of the third bus bar 122. In the illustrated example, the bottom surface of the second switch 114 is pressed against the planar portion 6206 of the third bus bar 122. In addition, the top surface of the second switch 114 connects the at least one conductive tab 6210 to connect the second main terminal 118 to the second bus bar 108 or the third bus bar 122. Through a planar portion 6204 of second bus bar 108 and a planar portion 6206 of third bus bar 122. In the illustrated example, the top surface of the second switch 114 is connected to the planar portion 6204 of the second bus bar 108 via three conductive tabs 6210.

Thus, due to the placement of bus bars 106, 108, 122 extending next to each other rather than being stacked relative to each other, it is possible to define a vertical bulk power module 110.

In addition, the control terminals 120 of the commandable switches 112, 114, in the illustrated example, extend to the upper surface of their control pins and to control pins 6212 connected to electrical components of the printed circuit board 336. Connected.

Referring to FIG. 7, for each power module 110, the associated capacitor 124 is intended to extend along axis 7402, for example, to be centered on this axis 7402. This axis 7402 is preferably vertical. The first bus bar 106 also has a first perforation 7404 intended to receive the pins that form the first terminal 126 of the capacitor 124, and the second bus bar 108 It has two second perforations 7406 which are each intended to receive two lugs forming its second terminal 128. Axis 7402 preferably passes through this aperture 7204.

The bus bars 106, 108, 122 are connected to the first terminal of the capacitor 124 (via the first aperture 7404, shown in FIG. 7) for each pair of commandable switches 112, 114. A second terminal of the capacitor 124 (through one of the two perforations 7406, shown in FIG. 7) successively passing through each of these two commandable switches 112, 114, starting from 126. Define a conductive path 7408 that terminates at. FIG. 7 shows only the conductive path 7408 of one of two pairs of commandable switches 112, 114. Of course, other similar conductive paths exist for the other pair of commandable switches 112, 114.

Axis 7402 and thus capacitor 124 are sufficiently close to commandable switches 112 and 114 such that each conductive path 7408 has an inductance of up to 40 nanohenry, preferably up to 30 nanohenry. Is located. In order to achieve an equally small inductance, the conductive path 7408 preferably has a length of up to 100 mm, more preferably up to 70 mm. In addition, in order to achieve an equally small inductance, each commandable switch 112, 114 is preferably located at a distance of 10 to 30 mm, more preferably 15 to 25 mm from the axis 7402. Thus, the commandable switches 112, 114 are firstly far enough apart to allow the capacitor 124 to be installed from the axis 7402 at the same time, and secondly, each inductive path to exhibit the desired inductance. 7408 is close enough to be relatively short. In the illustrated example, the commandable switches 112 and 114 are trapezoidal 4 with a small base (distance between two upper switches 112) and a large base (distance between two lower switches). Are located at the corners of the dog. The axis 7402 is located less than 10 mm from the middle of the large base. Thus, the switches 112 and 114 surround the capacitor 124, thereby enabling them to be placed in close proximity to the capacitor 124.

Referring to FIG. 8, the capacitors 124 are preferably closer to the air outlet 308 of the voltage converter 104 than to the power modules 110, in particular to the commandable switches 112, 114. Is located. The capacitor 124 is thus centrally located, and the power modules 110 are located around the voltage converter 104.

Due to the position of the capacitors in the center of the voltage converter 104, the capacitors 124 are arranged in the airflow 502, 504 shown in FIG. 5, even though the capacitors are placed as close as possible to the power modules 110, respectively. Does not prevent passing through the power modules 110.

A method 9600 for manufacturing the voltage converter 104 will now be described with reference to FIG. 9.

In step 9602, the position of each capacitor 124 is determined such that this position is sufficiently close to the commandable switches 112, 114 of the associated power module 110, and thus the bus bars 106, 108, 122. For each pair of commandable switches 112, 114, starting from the first terminal 126 of the capacitor 124, successively passing through each of these two commandable switches 112, 114, Terminating at the second terminal 128 of the capacitor 124 defines a conductive path 7408 having an inductance of up to 40 nanohenry, preferably up to 30 nanohenry. This determination can be performed, for example, by computer simulation or empirically.

In step 9604, the voltage converter 104 is manufactured by placing the associated capacitor 124 in the position determined in the previous step for each power module 110.

The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but rather defined by the following claims. Certainly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made.

The air inlets and outlets can in particular have one or more apertures.

Moreover, the terms used in the claims should not be construed as limited to the elements of the embodiments described above, but rather should be understood by those skilled in the art to cover all equivalent elements deduced from the general knowledge thereof. It must be understood.

Claims (16)

As a voltage converter 104,
A first heat sink 302,
At least one commandable switch 112, 114 having a heat sink face in thermal contact with the first heat sink 302,
At least one capacitor 124,
The voltage converter (104) further has a second heat sink (316), wherein the heat sink surface (204) of each capacitor (124) is in thermal contact with the second heat sink (316). The method of claim 1,
A voltage converter (104) having a thermally conductive element (328) inserted between the heat sink surface (204) and the second heat sink (316) of each capacitor (124). The method according to claim 1 or 2,
For each capacitor (124), further having a thermal insulator (402) inserted between the first heat sink (302) and the capacitor (124). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The at least one capacitor 124 has a cylindrical shape, the first base of the cylinder forms a circular bottom surface of the capacitor, the second base of the cylinder forms a circular top surface of the capacitor, and the bottom Surface comprises a first terminal (126) and a second terminal (128) of the at least one capacitor (124), wherein the heat sink surface (204) is the circular top surface. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Air inlet 340 and air outlet 308-The air outlet 308 through which the intake of air through the air outlet 308 comes into contact with the second heat sink 316, from the air inlet 340. And a voltage converter 104, arranged to produce an airflow 502 to. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The second heat sink (316) extends above the first heat sink (302). The method according to claim 6, which is dependent on claim 5,
A housing 330 extends above the first heat sink 302 and below the second heat sink 316, the housing 330 being designed to control at least one commandable switch 112, 114. A printed circuit board 336 having electrical components, and an intermediate air inlet 350 allows suction of air through the air outlet 308 to allow the housing 330 and the first heat sink ( Between 302, being arranged to generate an air flow (506) from the air inlet (350) to the air outlet (308) in contact with the housing (330). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The second heat sink (316) has a plate (318), and fins (322) protruding from the plate (318). The method according to claim 6 or 7, taken together with claim 8,
The plate (318) of the second heat sink (316) has a bottom surface (324), and the fins (322) protrude downward from the bottom surface (324). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The first heat sink 302 has a plate 304 having a bottom surface 314, and fins 312 protruding downward from the bottom surface 314 of the plate 304. ). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
First and second busbars 106, 108,
At least one power module 110, the power module being:
At least a pair of first and second commandable switches 112, 114, each commandable switch 112, 114 having two main terminals 116, 118 and its two main terminals 116, 118 has a control terminal 120 intended to selectively open and close the commandable switches 112, 114, the first main terminal 116 of the first commandable switch 112 being the first The switch, which is connected to a bus bar 106, and the second main terminal 118 of the commandable switch 114 is connected to a second bus bar 108;
For each pair of commandable switches 112, 114, as a third bus bar 122, a second main terminal 118 of the first commandable switch 112 and the second commandable switch 114. The first bus terminal 116) is connected to the third bus bar 122, the third bus bar,
For each power module 110, which is connected as a capacitor 124 to first and second bus bars 106 and 108, each having a value of at least 500 microfarads, preferably at least 560 microfarads, respectively. The first and second terminals 126, 128, and the bus bars 106, 108, 122, for each pair of commandable switches 112, 114, the first of the capacitor 124 Continuing from terminal 126, defines a conductive path 7408 that passes sequentially through each of these two commandable switches 112 and 114 and terminates at the second terminal 128 of the capacitor 124. Positioned so close to the commandable switches 112 and 114 that the conductive path 7408 has the capacitor, having an inductance up to 40 nanohenry, preferably up to 30 nanohenry. Voltage converter. As the electrical system 100,
Electrical appliance 130,
An electrical system comprising a voltage converter (104) according to any of the preceding claims, connected to the electrical appliance (130). The method of claim 12,
The electrical device (130) extends below the first heat sink (302). The method of claim 13,
The voltage converter (104) according to claim 4, wherein an air outlet (308) of the voltage converter (104) is formed through the first heat sink (302); The electrical device 130 has an upper air inlet 344 and draws air through the upper air inlet 344 to create an inlet of air through the air outlet 308 of the voltage converter 104. An electrical system having a fan 348 designed to inhale. The method of claim 14,
The electrical device 130 is configured to define a second air inlet 342 between the first heat sink 302 of the voltage converter 104 and the electrical device 130. Positioned at a distance from the first heat sink 302, and the fan 348 of the electrical device 130 is located from the second air inlet 342 to the upper air inlet 344 of the electrical device 130. ) Is designed to suck air through the upper air inlet 344 of the electrical device 130 to create a second air stream 504, the second air stream 504 being the first heat sink 302. Electrical system, in contact with A method 9600 for manufacturing a voltage converter 104 according to claim 6, wherein
The bus bars 106, 108, 122, for each pair of commandable switches 112, 114, continue from the first terminal 126 of the capacitor 124 and these two commandable switches A conductive path 7408 that passes continuously through each of (112, 114) and terminates at the second terminal 128 of the capacitor 124 and has an inductance of up to 40 nanohenry, preferably up to 30 nanohenry For each power module 110, determining the location of the associated capacitor 124 in close proximity to the commandable switches 112, 114 (9602),
-Manufacturing (9604) the voltage converter (104) by placing the associated capacitor (124) in a position determined for each power module (110).

Images