KR20190143353A - Heat exchanger for exhaust gas cooling in motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) for cooling exhaust gas in a vehicle, capable of providing high cooling efficiency while pressure loss of a gas side is small. According to the present invention, the heat exchanger (1) comprises a heat exchanger housing (2) including an exhaust gas inlet (3a) and an exhaust gas outlet (3b). The housing surrounds and restricts a flowing space for refrigerant and includes a refrigerant inlet opening (9a) and a refrigerant outlet opening (9b). The heat exchanger (1) includes a planar heat exchange element (7) arranged in parallel and forming an exhaust gas flowing channel (11) and the heat exchange element is penetrated by exhaust gas and is circulated with the refrigerant in a refrigerant-flowing channel. In this case, one heat exchange element (7) includes a wall element (7a, 7b) each having inner and outer surfaces. The wall elements (7a, 7b) have ribs (19) on the outer surface and the ribs (19) are each arranged in a refrigerant-flowing channel (12). Moreover, a gap is formed between ribs (19) of heat exchange elements (7) which are aligned and arranged to face each other in the refrigerant-flowing channel (12) and are arranged such that the outer surfaces of the wall elements (7a, 7b) face each other, and one or more guide elements (17, 17a, 17b, 17c) are formed in the gap. The guide elements (17, 17a, 17b, 17c) are arranged to thermally and mechanically connect the ribs (19).

Description

Heat exchanger for cooling exhaust gases in automobiles {HEAT EXCHANGER FOR EXHAUST GAS COOLING IN MOTOR VEHICLES}

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for cooling exhaust gas in an automobile. The heat exchanger is formed with a heat exchanger housing having an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, the heat exchanger housing surrounding and confining the flow space for the coolant, and having an inlet opening and an outlet opening for the coolant. The heat exchanger also has plate-shaped heat exchanger elements arranged in parallel with each other and forming an exhaust-flow channel, which heat flow-through elements are flowed through by the exhaust gas and pass to the coolant in the coolant-flow channel. Circulated by One heat exchanger element has wall elements each having an inner side and an outer side. These wall elements are formed on the outer surface with ribs. The ribs are each arranged inside the coolant-flow channel.

The prior art reveals an in-vehicle exhaust feedback system that reduces nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas in automobiles, in particular in the exhaust gas of diesel powered automobiles, and reduces the use of automobiles powered by gasoline. In a conventional exhaust gas feedback system, cooled or uncooled exhaust gas is mixed with fresh air drawn into the engine.

In the prior art, embodiments of various exhaust-heat exchangers are known. However, as the regulations regarding exhaust gas regulations and usage requirements for automobiles become more and more stringent, the demand for space in the components of the automobile becomes less and less while the demand for cooling increases. These opposite requirements are rarely met by known exhaust-heat exchangers.

For example, it is known to insert perforated or deformed ribs or a plurality of ribs from a sheet into a pipe-shaped sheet housing having a rectangular or oval cross section and to solder with the walls of the pipe. In this case, the ribs are coated by soldering before they are inserted into the pipe, alternatively also solder thin films are used. Pipes arranged inside the exhaust-flow channel and having ribs and having a rectangular cross section are inserted at the ends into end-hole-plates arranged at the exhaust gas inlet region or at the exhaust gas outlet region, respectively. The exhaust gas to be cooled is guided through a pipe with ribs arranged therein, while the coolant circulates through the outer surface of the pipe. A plurality of pipes and end-hole-plates having ribs with a rectangular cross section form the core of the heat exchanger.

Pipes with rectangular or oval cross sections are most often formed as endless laser welded pipes, which must have ribs or rib elements of very high accuracy and specific height dimensions to ensure soldering of the individual elements. Alternatively, after the rib element is inserted into the pipe, the gap between the pipe wall and the rib may be minimized by an additional tool for deforming the pipe, in particular for pushing the wall of the pipe with a rectangular cross section. Can be. Highly accurate elements and methods of manufacturing these elements that enable the soldering of rib elements and pipes only result in high complexity and high cost.

Alternative embodiments of a pipe having a rectangular or elliptical cross section as the heat exchanger element of one core of the heat exchanger have been formed mostly from three different and mutually separated elements. In this case, the first wall element is used as the upper half of the exhaust-flow channel and the second wall element is used as the lower half of the exhaust-flow channel. Between the wall elements, perforated rib elements are arranged. In order to manufacture three different elements, three or more different drilling tools are required, which situation requires high material consumption and incurs high costs.

From WO 2014/040797 A1 a heat exchanger with a plate stack formed from a plurality of plate pairs is revealed. In this publication, a second fluid channel is formed between two plates connected to each other and a first fluid channel is formed between two pairs of plates, respectively. The first fluid channel is surrounded by two second fluid channels. Each second fluid channel is connected to one or more collection pipes. Ribs are arranged inside the second fluid channel, each of which is arranged on the first plate and covered with the second plate.

Exhaust gas feedback-systems were formed with ribbed ribs as intended, since these ribs cause a possible soot, which is preferably possible, especially in motor vehicles powered by diesel. In addition, the corrugated ribs increase the turbulence of the exhaust gas mass flow even in the auto-engine, thereby increasing heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the ribs and into the coolant.

Reliable and good soldering of individual wall elements or pipes and ribs or rib elements is absolutely necessary because first the heat flow received through the ribs or rib elements is directed through the wall element or pipe wall to the coolant and into the coolant. Because it must be delivered. If the rib or rib element is not soldered to the wall element or pipe wall, a gap is formed in which the exhaust gas is supplied, which causes an insulating effect, which makes the heat passage quite difficult.

Furthermore, high pressure is provided to the exhaust and / or coolant, as a result of which a high pressure difference is established between the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe wall. As such, the brazing of the wall element or pipe wall and the rib or rib element prevents the expansion and rupture of the pipe wall.

In order to ensure the connection of a rib or rib element with a wall element or pipe wall over a large area, on the one hand a high degree of accuracy is required, which is related to the extremely small dimensional tolerances of the rib, in particular of the rib height and of the wall element. On the other hand, a great deal of solder is used in the manufacture of known heat exchangers, which leads to high costs in the manufacture of cost-intensive solder pastes. In addition, the soldering process must ensure good connection of the elements, and poor connection reduces stability and increases the risk of cracking.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger for cooling exhaust gas in a motor vehicle having high cooling performance in a state of low gas side pressure loss. The heat exchanger must also save space by its compact structural shape. If the number of individual elements is minimal, the robustness and stability of the heat exchanger can thereby be maximized. Incurred manufacturing costs can also be minimized.

The problem is solved by a subject having the features of the independent patent claim. Improvements are specified in the dependent claims.

The problem is solved by a heat exchanger according to the invention, in particular for cooling exhaust gases in automobiles. Such a heat exchanger has a heat exchanger housing having an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, which heat exchanger housing encloses and restricts the flow space for the coolant and has an inlet opening and an outlet opening for the coolant. The heat exchanger also has plate-shaped heat exchanger elements arranged in parallel with each other and forming an exhaust-flow channel, which heat exchanger elements are perfused by the exhaust gas, in particular the liquid in the coolant-flow channel. Circulated by the coolant. In this case, one heat exchanger element has in particular two or more wall elements each having an inner side and an outer side. Ribs are provided on the outer face of these wall elements, each of which is arranged inside the coolant-flow channel.

According to one concept of the invention, a gap is formed between the ribs of the heat exchanger elements arranged to face each other inside the coolant-flow channel and arranged to face each other with the outer surface of the wall element, the gap being formed. At least one guide element is formed therein. The guide element interconnects the ribs thermally and mechanically.

According to one refinement of the invention, the wall elements are arranged at the same height as the front face running in a plane set perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger elements arranged next to each other are connected to each other in a fluid sealed manner, preferably forming coolant-flow channels at the front.

According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, on the front of the heat exchanger element, there is arranged one side wall element each formed as a hole sheet and having through openings. These through openings each have the shape of the outer contour of the cross section of the heat exchanger element having ribs. In this case, the heat exchanger elements are each arranged through the side wall element and are in fluid sealing connection with the side wall element. The through openings having the shape of the outer contour of the cross section of the heat exchanger element with ribs coincide with the outer contour of the cross section of the heat exchanger element, respectively.

According to another concept of the invention, the wall elements of the heat exchanger elements arranged adjacent to each other are in fluid sealing manner with each other forming coolant-flow channels on a front surface running in a plane set perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It is connected. In this case, one side wall element, each formed as a hole sheet, is arranged on the front of the heat exchanger elements, each of which is arranged in the form of an outer contour of the cross section of the heat exchanger element with ribs. The heat exchanger elements are each arranged through the side wall elements and are in fluid sealing connection with the side wall elements. The through openings having the shape of the outer contour of the cross section of the heat exchanger element with ribs coincide with the outer contour of the cross section of the heat exchanger element, respectively.

Preferably, a gap is formed between the ribs of the heat exchanger elements arranged to face each other inside the coolant-flow channel and arranged to face each other. Inside this gap is preferably arranged one or more guide elements which connect the ribs to each other thermally and mechanically.

Sidewall elements are formed especially from metallic materials.

The ribs of the wall elements are preferably aligned in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger. In this case, the longitudinal direction corresponds to the main flow direction of the coolant or exhaust gas passing through the heat exchanger. The ribs are preferably corrugated in the longitudinal direction.

According to one refinement of the invention, the rib has a first region and a second region, in which case the second region is limited by the first region respectively in the longitudinal direction. The rib is formed in a waveform in the second region, and is formed so as to run parallel to the longitudinal direction in the first region.

Wall elements arranged to face each other with the outer face of neighboring heat exchanger elements are arranged to face each other with the longitudinal edge of the rib. The longitudinal edges of the ribs of the wall elements preferably run parallel to each other.

The ribs preferably have a constant height.

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one guide element is preferably formed as a flat, in particular strip shaped guide sheet from a metallic material. The strip shape can be understood as the shape of a long narrow band-shaped section. Thus, the strip has greater expansion in its length than in its width.

One particular advantage of the present invention is that the at least one guide element is arranged transversely to the rib in the longitudinal extension, in particular transversely to one rib bottom or rib backside and in particular substantially perpendicularly to the rib. Is arranged in a state.

In this case, the transverse alignment with respect to the ribs is in particular so that the angle range between the longitudinal direction of the ribs and the longitudinal extension of the guide element is greater than 0 and less than 180 °, in particular within an angle range of 70 ° to 110 °. It is implemented to be 90 ° and this situation reflects the vertical alignment. In turn, the alignment of the guide elements in an angular form or perpendicular to the ribs also corresponds to an alignment in a particularly orthogonal manner with respect to the main flow direction of the coolant through the heat exchanger.

According to one refinement of the invention, there are at least two guides in the gap formed between the ribs of the heat exchanger elements arranged to face each other within the coolant-flow channel and facing each other with the outer face of the wall element. The elements are arranged and these guide elements are mechanically and thermally connected to one another via one or more fastening elements.

The at least one fastening element is preferably formed as a flat guide sheet having the wall thickness of the guide element, in particular from a metallic material. The guide element and one or more fastening elements are preferably formed integrally from the sheet, for example perforated.

The one or more fastening elements are preferably aligned in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger and arranged with the ribs thermally and mechanically connected to each other.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the guide sheet is formed to exhibit a complete plane and is arranged to extend from the inlet region of the coolant to the outlet region in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger. In this case, the guide sheet can have an expansion in the direction of the width B which is vertically aligned with respect to the longitudinal direction, which expansion corresponds to the expansion of the wall element in substantially the same direction.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the wall elements are in particular formed from sheets with ribs, each formed in particular from a metallic material.

The wall elements are preferably also provided with ribs on the inner face, which are each arranged inside the exhaust-flow channel. In this case, the ribs of the one wall element can have different spacings from one another inside the flow cross section of the exhaust-flow channel and the coolant-flow channel. As a result, the flow cross sections of the exhaust-flow channel and the coolant-flow channel are distributed differently. Thus, the pressure loss of the exhaust gas mass flow is reduced and the thermal efficiency delivered is increased.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the wall elements are identically formed.

The wall elements preferably each have side walls on the side running longitudinally, the side walls extending from the first front side to the second front side. The wall elements of one heat exchanger element are preferably fluidically connected to one another in a longitudinally aligned side facing each other.

The heat exchanger elements are each arranged at the same height with respect to each other in terms of their longitudinally aligned sides.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger-housing is formed with a molded part of the coolant-flow channel in the inlet opening region for the coolant and in the upper and lower surfaces respectively in the outlet opening region. Each of these moldings has a longitudinal extension, which is aligned in an orthogonal manner with respect to the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger and the flow direction of the coolant in the inlet region and in the outlet region. Thus, the coolant preferably flows into or out of the heat exchanger perpendicular to the ribs in the heat exchanger.

The heat exchanger is preferably formed from stainless steel or aluminum. The components of the heat exchanger are preferably soldered or welded together. In particular, when the heat exchanger is applied for the purpose of exhaust gas cooling, stainless steel is used as the material.

The heat exchanger according to the invention is also suitable for the purpose of charging air cooling. In this case, the heat exchanger is arranged in particular in the intake region of the combustion engine and is used to lower the temperature of the combustion air supplied to the engine. Heat is released by the air and transferred to the coolant, for example. In particular, when the heat exchanger is applied for the purpose of charging air cooling, aluminum is used as the material.

The heat exchanger according to the invention with a rib structure, in particular with corrugated ribs, has further various advantages as follows:

-Low gas side pressure loss and high heat output possible,

-Space saving by compact structural shape

-With a minimum number of individual elements, maximum durability and longevity, in which case only a drilling tool is required if the heat exchanger or heat exchanger element is formed from the same wall element,

-The complexity of the assembly in manufacturing is reduced, the failure mechanism due to poor soldering at the connection is minimized,

Wall elements with rib contours have a rigidity high enough to withstand the pressures acting on both sides, ie the internal and external pressures, as a result of which soldering of the rib contours of adjacently arranged wall elements is also omitted. In this case a significant amount of solder paste is saved, and the destruction of the heat exchanger due to insufficient soldering of the rib contour is not achieved,

-The use of materials is less when the deliverable outputs are the same, thus protecting resources;

A low weight of the heat exchanger reduces the weight of the car and the weight of the mass to be moved, this situation saves fuel, reduces carbon dioxide emissions, and

Furthermore, the omission of soldering over a large area and the use of a plurality of different elements is minimized, thereby minimizing manufacturing costs.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following detailed description of the embodiments made with reference to the associated drawings. here:
1 shows an exploded view of heat exchangers each formed as a rib-heat exchanger,
2a shows one wall element in a plan view,
FIG. 2B shows in perspective view one heat exchanger element formed from two wall elements and restricting the exhaust-flow channel;
3 shows in perspective view the core of a heat exchanger constructed from the three wall sections shown in FIG. 2b and having a sidewall element arranged in front;
FIG. 4A shows a perspective side view of a heat exchanger with the core of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3, with the surrounding heat exchanger-housing element, FIG.
4b shows a heat exchanger with a core of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3, with the housing open, in a perspective top view,
FIG. 5a shows in a perspective top view a first embodiment of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 4b, with a guide element and a fixing element, FIG.
5B and 5C show the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 5A in a side cross-sectional view,
6A and 6B show, in perspective plan view, one embodiment of a heat exchanger with a core of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3, each having an open housing and a guide element alternatively formed with respect to FIG. 5A; and
7 schematically shows different rib structures on the exhaust gas side and the coolant side.

In figure 1 an embodiment of a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention formed as a rib-heat exchanger is shown in an exploded view. The heat exchanger 1, to which exhaust gas is supplied on the one hand and coolant on the other hand, has a heat exchanger having a first heat exchanger housing element 2a and a second heat exchanger housing element 2b. With a housing 2, these housing elements limit the volume enclosed by the heat exchanger-housing 2 in the closed state over its entire circumference. An exhaust gas inlet 3a is formed at the first front face of the heat exchanger housing 2 and an exhaust gas outlet 3b is formed at the second front face of the heat exchanger housing 2. Within the regions of the front face formed distal to each other in the longitudinal direction L and having an exhaust gas inlet 3a and an exhaust gas outlet 3b, the volume surrounded by the heat exchanger housing 2 is on one side. Limited by the exhaust gas inlet-adapter 4a and on the other hand by the exhaust gas outlet-adapter 4b, these adapters are each formed with openings 5a, 5b, in particular through openings.

The heat exchanger housing 2 encloses an assembly 6 consisting of a plurality of heat exchanger elements 7 as the core 6 of the heat exchanger 1. The plate-shaped heat exchanger elements 7 stacked up and down in the direction of the height H are formed from the first wall element 7a and the second wall element 7b, respectively, which wall elements are in the longitudinal direction. They are connected to each other in a fluid sealed manner on the side aligned with (L), in particular soldered or welded. The heat exchanger element 7 is formed with a small expansion in the height H direction, an intermediate expansion in the width B direction, and a larger expansion in the longitudinal direction L, in which case the height The expansion in the (H) direction is much smaller than the expansion in the width (B) direction, and the expansion in the width (B) direction is much smaller than the expansion in the longitudinal direction (L).

The wall elements 7a, 7b of the heat exchanger elements 7 coupled to the assembly 6 are arranged at the same height relative to each other at the front. As required and according to the required size of the heat exchanger 1, a certain number of heat exchanger elements 7 formed from two wall elements 7a, 7b are each connected to one another.

The wall elements 7a, 7b, preferably perforated from the sheet, have ribs 19, in particular corrugated ribs 19, on the upper side, that is to say on the upper side and on the lower side, respectively. It is also revealed from the top view of the wall elements 7a, 7b shown in FIG. 2A. The waveform of the ribs 19 relates to the expansion in the longitudinal direction L or the expansion in the width B direction of the individual wall elements 7a, 7b. By forming the ribs 19 on the upper face of the wall elements 7a, 7b, the ribs 19 are likewise formed on the lower face. The ribs 19 which form a rib structure and proceed in the longitudinal direction L and thus in a straight line toward the front face of the wall elements 7a and 7b have a constant height.

The two wall elements 7a, 7b of one heat exchanger element 7 formed as corrugated rib plates or as rib elements always have two rib bottoms on one side and two rib backs on the other. Arranged relative to one another so as to face each other, such a situation is also shown in particular in FIG. 2B. 2b shows a heat exchanger element 7 formed from two wall elements 7a, 7b, which limit the flow channel, in particular the exhaust-flow channel 11, when viewed in a perspective view. . The first wall element 7a and the second wall element 7b forming the plate-shaped heat exchanger elements 7 stacked up and down in the direction of the height H are arranged in the longitudinal direction L. Are fluidly connected to each other.

As such, the wall elements 7a, 7b are arranged so as to face each other with the longitudinal edges of the ribs 19, respectively. The inner faces of the heat exchanger elements 7a, 7b arranged in alignment to face each other form a flow cross section of one exhaust-flow channel 11, respectively. In the height (H) direction, the rib bottoms are arranged to face each other, defining the maximum spacing of the free cross section of the flow channel 11, while the exhaust gases between the rib backsides arranged to face each other. The minimum spacing of the free cross section of the flow channel 11 is formed. The rib back surfaces of the wall elements 7a and 7b are spaced apart from each other and arranged to form a gap.

In the state where the heat exchanger 1 or the core 6 of the heat exchanger 1 is joined from the heat exchanger element 7, the wall elements 7a, 7b of the heat exchanger element 7 arranged next to each other likewise On the other hand, the two ribs on one side and the two ribs on the other side are aligned to face each other. In FIG. 3, the core 6 of the heat exchanger 1, which is constructed from the three heat exchanger elements 7 shown in FIG. 2b and which is arranged on the front side, is shown in perspective. At this time, the outer faces of the heat exchanger elements 7a, 7b arranged to face each other form a flow cross section of the coolant-flow channel 12, respectively. In the height (H) direction, the rib backs are arranged to face each other, defining the maximum spacing of the free cross-section of the coolant-flow channel 12, while the coolant-flow channel between the rib bottoms arranged to face each other. The minimum spacing of the free cross section of (12) is formed. The rib bottoms of the wall elements 7a, 7b are spaced apart from each other and arranged to form a gap.

The ribs 19 are also arranged in parallel with respect to each other, so that the flow cross sections of the gaps formed between the ribs 19 are always constant, and the flow cross sections of the gaps formed adjacently are the same. In this case, the waveforms of the ribs 19 run uniformly with respect to each other, and the ribs 19 of the wall elements 7a and 7b arranged next to each other run in parallel.

According to an alternative embodiment, which is not shown in the figure, the wall elements 7a, 7b are in contact with each other by a rib backside arranged inside the exhaust-flow channel 11, while inside the coolant-flow channel 12. A gap is formed between the arranged rib bottoms. Adjacently arranged wall elements 7a, 7b can be soldered or welded to each other in the rib area in contact with each other.

The heat exchanger elements 7 pass through the side wall elements 13, 14, respectively, preferably at the same height aligned front face, in which case the first front face is inserted inside the first side wall element 13, and the second The front face is inserted inside the second side wall element 14. The side wall elements 13 and 14 formed as hole sheets have through openings 15 and 16, respectively, and in the plane in which these through openings are morphologically set by the width B direction and the height H direction, respectively, By corresponding to the outer contour of the corresponding cross section of the heat exchanger element 7 in the region, each through opening 15, 16 is consequently coincided with the outer contour of the heat exchanger element 7, and each heat exchanger The element 7 can be inserted into the through opening 15, 16 of the side wall element 13, 14 by a fitting. The heat exchanger elements 7 are in fluid sealing connection with the side wall elements 13, 14 in the front region, in particular soldered or welded. The side wall elements 13, 14 are again in fluid sealing connection with the heat exchanger-housing elements 2a, 2b of the heat exchanger-housing 2 at the surrounding edges, in particular soldered or welded. The side wall elements 13, 14 with the wall elements 7 a, 7 b of the heat exchanger elements 7 accommodated in the through openings 15, 16 are heat exchanger-housing elements 2 a, 2 b of the heat exchanger-housing 2. The state arranged for) is also revealed from FIG. 4A. As shown again in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger-housing elements 2a, 2b having sidewall elements 13, 14 arranged in front of the core 6 of the heat exchanger 1 are exhaust gas inlet-adapters. It is connected in fluid sealing manner with 4a or with an exhaust-gas outlet adapter 4b, in particular soldered or welded.

The heat exchanger elements 7 stacked up and down in the direction of height H and forming the core 6 of the heat exchanger 1 are surrounded by heat exchanger-housing elements 2a and 2b, which In this case also a coolant-flow channel 12 is formed between the outer heat exchanger element 7 and the heat exchanger-housing elements 2a, 2b of the core 6, respectively.

During operation of the heat exchanger 1, along the corrugated ribs 19 and thereby exhaust gas-flow channels 11 on the inner side of the wall elements 7a, 7b which are arranged so that the exhaust gases face each other. Through the heat exchanger element (7). On the other hand, along the rib 19 of the wave at the outer face of the wall elements 7a, 7b arranged so that the coolant faces each other and thereby through the coolant-flow channel 12 the heat exchanger element 7 Thus flows. The spacings of the heat exchanger elements 7 arranged next to each other are designed so that they can flow between the heat exchanger elements 7 as coolant in the lateral regions arranged in the longitudinal direction L.

Exhaust gas is introduced into the heat exchanger 1 through the opening 5a of the exhaust inlet-adapter 4a according to FIG. 1, and the heat exchanger element 7 when flowing through the exhaust inlet-adapter 4a. And flows through the heat exchanger 1 in the longitudinal direction L through the exhaust-flow channel 11. Inside the exhaust outlet-adapter 4b, the exhaust gas mass flow distributed to the exhaust-flow channel 11 is mixed again and the heat exchanger housing through the opening 5b of the exhaust outlet-adapter 4b. It is discharged from (2) to the outside.

The coolant enters into the volume surrounded by the heat exchanger-housing 2 and the side wall elements 13, 14 through an inlet opening 9a formed in the heat exchanger-housing element 2a. After entering the heat exchanger 1, the coolant is subdivided into partial mass flows and between the heat exchanger elements 7 or the heat exchanger-housing elements 2a, 2b and the side wall elements 13, respectively arranged next to each other. It is guided through the coolant-flow channel 12 confined by 14) and then mixed and discharged through a discharge opening 9b formed in the heat exchanger housing element 2a. At this time, the coolant flows to the coolant circulation system through the connection part for the coolant, which is not shown in each drawing.

In particular, according to FIG. 2A, the coolant flows in the flow direction 20 into the heat exchanger 1, especially inside the heat exchanger 1 by means of a rib section extending elongated smoothly and flatly in the first region 21 of the rib structure. It flows into the channel 12. The coolant is then guided along the front face of the wall elements 7a, 7b or along the first sidewall element 14 and distributed into gaps formed between the ribs 19, in which case the coolant flow direction 20. Is changed within an angle of 90 °. After flowing through the gap in the second region 22 of the rib structure by the corrugated rib section, the coolant is mixed again, the flow direction 20 is changed anew by 90 °, and another first region of the rib structure. 21 is guided from the heat exchanger 1 to the inside. According to the embodiment of the heat exchanger 1, in particular depending on the arrangement of the outlet openings 9b of the coolant, the coolant is redirected by + 90 ° or −90 ° before exiting from the heat exchanger 1. Alternative embodiments are indicated by arrows in opposite directions, respectively in the discharge direction.

According to an alternative embodiment not shown in the figures, the insertion depth of the rib contour in the height H direction or the rib contour toward the front of the heat exchanger element is constantly reduced on the coolant side and remains unchanged on the exhaust side. do.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, between the outer faces of the wall elements 7a, 7b arranged so as to face each other and thus inside the coolant-flow channel 12, they are connected to one another via a fixing element 18. Guide elements 17 are arranged. In addition, the housing 2 is formed with moldings 23 in the upper and lower surfaces, in the front region or in the side wall elements 13, 14, respectively, a situation like this is also evident from FIG. 4A.

According to FIG. 2A, coolant flows into the heat exchanger element 7 arranged spaced apart from each other in the direction of height H from the longitudinal side or into the coolant-flow channel 12 formed between the gaps. Is also revealed from FIG. 4B. FIG. 4B shows a heat exchanger 1 with a core 6 of the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 3 with the housing 2 open in a perspective top view. However, in further waveforms which proceed substantially in the longitudinal direction L, especially after the flow direction 20 of the coolant is changed by an angle of 90 °, the coolant is mainly rib as the minimum spacing of the heat exchanger elements 7a, 7b. It does not flow through the area of the bottom, but rather flows along the sides of the ribs 19 even between the ribs 19.

The guide element 17, which is preferably formed as a guide sheet and arranged between the heat exchanger elements 7 within the coolant-flow channel 12, causes the coolant to pass the coolant-wall elements 7a, 7b inside the coolant-flow channel 12. Guide along the interior of the intermediate space formed between the ribs (19).

5a to 5c show a first embodiment of the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 4b, with a guide element 17a and a fixing element 18, in a perspective plan view and in a side sectional view. The coolant flowing into the housing 2 through the inlet opening 9a in the flow direction 20 is distributed to the coolant-flow channel 12 and is redirected in the longitudinal direction L. As shown in FIG. On the upper and lower surfaces associated with the arrangement in the height H direction, after the coolant transitions in the flow direction 20 in the longitudinal direction L in the coolant-flow channel 12 formed in the upper and lower surfaces, A molded part 23 is provided in the housing 2 to be guided into the intermediate space formed between the ribs 19 of the wall elements 7a, 7b and to flow along the side wall of the rib 19. The guide element 17a arranged inside the coolant-flow channel 12 between the heat exchanger elements 7 arranged next to each other is such that the coolant flowing through the coolant-flow channel 12 is likewise a wall element 7a. And guides into the intermediate space formed between the ribs 19 of 7b, thereby guiding along the sides of the ribs 19 of the individual wall elements 7a 7b.

The guide elements 17, 17a with the fixing element 18, in addition to guiding the coolant as intended into the intermediate space of the ribs 19 of the coolant-flow channel 12, are also used in the heat exchanger 1. It is also used for stabilization of the core 6. The wall elements 7a, 7b, each of which restricts one exhaust gas-flow channel 11 and are formed as rib elements, are also spaced apart on the exhaust gas side, and are thus arranged to face each other with a gap. The guiding elements 17, 17a and the fixing element 18 are arranged inside the coolant-flow channel 12, so that the wall elements 7a, 7b are wall elements 7a, 7b on the exhaust side and on the coolant side. In order to compensate the pressure acting on, they are at least locally connected to one another. In this case, the ribs 19 substantially aligned in the longitudinal direction L are engaged through the guide elements 17, 17a aligned substantially in the width B direction. By means of the fastening elements 18 arranged in the longitudinal direction L, for example every fourth rib 19 of neighboring heat exchanger elements 7 is connected to one another, this situation is particularly evident from FIG. 5C. .

6a and 6b heat with core 6 of heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 3, with open housing 2 and guide elements 17b, 17c alternatively formed with respect to FIG. 5a. Second and third embodiments of the exchanger 1 are shown in a perspective plan view. The alignment state of the guide elements 17b, 17c formed as the guide sheet depends on the alignment state of the inlet openings 9a and the outlet openings 9b of the coolant, these openings being placed in opposite directions according to FIG. 6A. Can be arranged either on the side wall of the column or on the longitudinal side of the heat exchanger element 7, or on the longitudinal side of the cavity side wall or the heat exchanger element 7 of the housing.

The alignment of the guide element 17b according to FIG. 6a substantially corresponds to the alignment of the guide element 17a of the embodiment of the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 5a, for the inlet opening 9a of the coolant. ) And the discharge opening 9b are also arranged similarly on the side wall lying in the opposite direction of the housing 2 or on the longitudinal side of the heat exchanger element 7. In this case, the flow region of the coolant passing through the coolant-flow channel 12 in the longitudinal direction L has the form of a parallelogram.

The alignment of the guide element 17c according to FIG. 6b is determined according to the alignment of the inlet openings 9a and the outlet openings 9b of the coolant in the cavity side wall of the housing 2 or on the longitudinal side of the heat exchanger element 7. do. In this case, the flow region of the coolant passing through the coolant-flow channel 12 in the longitudinal direction L has a trapezoidal shape.

In the third embodiment as well as in the second embodiment, in the region of the inlet opening 9a in the coolant flow direction 20 and thereby along the second sidewall element 14 the coolant flow cross section becomes smaller, while the coolant The coolant flow cross section becomes larger in the region of the discharge opening 9b in the flow direction 20 and thus along the first sidewall element 13.

Fig. 7 schematically shows the different rib structures on the exhaust gas side and the coolant side.

In the upper view of FIG. 7 the flow channels 11, 12 are subdivided into ribs 19 into the same flow cross sections. The ribs 19 are formed such that the same spacing exists with respect to the flow channels 11 and 12. In the case where the spacings for the flow channels 11, 12 are not equally subdivided according to the bottom view of FIG. 7, the flow cross section of the exhaust gas-side flow cross section, in other words, the flow cross section of the exhaust gas-flow channel 11, can be enlarged. . Thus, at the same time, the flow cross section on the coolant side, that is, the flow cross section of the coolant-flow channel 12 is reduced. Matching the ribs 19 improves the transfer of heat output. The enlargement of the flow cross section of the exhaust gas-flow channel 11 also leads to a reduction of the exhaust gas side pressure loss.

1: heat exchanger
2: heat exchanger housing
2a: first heat exchanger housing element
2b: second heat exchanger-housing element
3a: exhaust gas inlet of the heat exchanger housing (2)
3b: exhaust gas outlet of the heat exchanger housing (2)
4a: exhaust inlet-adapter of heat exchanger housing (2)
4b: exhaust gas outlet adapter of the heat exchanger housing (2)
5a: exhaust gas inlet-adapter opening
5b: exhaust gas outlet-opening of the adapter
6: assembly of heat exchanger elements, core
7: heat exchanger element
7a: first wall element
7b: second wall element
9a: coolant inlet opening
9b: coolant discharge opening
11: exhaust-flow channel, flow channel
12: coolant-flow channel, flow channel
13: first sidewall element
14: second sidewall element
15: through opening of first sidewall element 13
16: through opening of second sidewall element 14
17, 17a, 17b, 17c: guide element
18: fixed element
19: Rib
20: flow direction of the coolant
21: first region of the rib structure
22: second region of the rib structure
23: molded part of the heat exchanger housing elements 2a, 2b
L: longitudinal, length
B: width
H: height

Claims (24)

A heat exchanger housing (2) having an exhaust gas inlet (3a) and an exhaust gas outlet (3b), the housing enclosing and confining the flow space for the coolant, the inlet opening (9a) and the outlet opening for the coolant 9b,
A plate-shaped heat exchanger element 7 arranged in parallel with each other and forming an exhaust gas-flow channel 11, wherein the heat exchanger element is flowed through by the exhaust gas and the coolant-flow channel Circulated by the coolant inside,
One heat exchanger element 7 has wall elements 7a and 7b having an inner side and an outer side, respectively, which wall elements 7a and 7b have ribs 19 on the outer side and the ribs In the heat exchanger 1 for cooling the exhaust gas for an automobile, each arranged inside the coolant-flow channel 12,
A gap is formed between the ribs 19 of the heat exchanger element 7 which are arranged to face each other inside the coolant-flow channel 12 and that the outer faces of the wall elements 7a and 7b face each other. One or more guide elements 17, 17a, 17b, 17c are formed inside the gap, and the guide elements 17, 17a, 17b, 17c allow the ribs 19 to thermally and mechanically interconnect each other. Characterized in the heat exchanger (1). 2. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall elements (7a, 7b) are arranged in alignment with one another in the front running in a plane set perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L). Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger elements (7) arranged next to each other are connected to each other in a fluid sealing manner, forming a coolant-flow channel (12) at the front. 4. The heat exchanger element (7) according to claim 3, wherein on the front face of the heat exchanger element (7), the sidewall elements (13, 14) formed as hole sheets and having through openings (15, 16) each have ribs (19). Arranged one by one in the form of an outer contour of the cross section of 7), the heat exchanger elements 7 respectively arranged through the side wall elements 13, 14, and in a fluid sealing manner with the side wall elements 13, 14 Heat exchanger 1, characterized in that connected. A heat exchanger housing (2) having an exhaust gas inlet (3a) and an exhaust gas outlet (3b), the housing enclosing and confining the flow space for the coolant, the inlet opening (9a) and the outlet opening for the coolant 9b,
A plate-shaped heat exchanger element 7 arranged in parallel with each other and forming an exhaust gas-flow channel 11, wherein the heat exchanger element is flowed through by the exhaust gas and the coolant-flow channel Circulated by the coolant inside,
One heat exchanger element 7 has wall elements 7a and 7b having an inner side and an outer side, respectively, which wall elements 7a and 7b have ribs 19 on the outer side and the ribs In the heat exchanger 1 for cooling the exhaust gas for an automobile, each arranged inside the coolant-flow channel 12,
Wall sealing elements 7a, 7b of heat exchanger elements 7 arranged next to each other form a coolant-flow channel 12 at the front surface running in a plane set perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L, respectively. Connected to each other, and on the front of the heat exchanger element 7, the heat exchanger element 7, which is formed as a hole sheet and the side wall elements 13, 14 having through openings 15, 16, respectively, has a rib 19. Arranged one by one in the form of an outer contour of the cross-section of the cross section), wherein the heat exchanger elements 7 are arranged respectively through the side wall elements 13, 14 and are connected in fluid sealing manner with the side wall elements 13, 14. Heat exchanger 1, characterized in that. The ribs 19 of the heat exchanger element 7 according to claim 5, arranged to face each other inside the coolant-flow channel 12 and arranged so that the outer faces of the wall elements 7a, 7b face each other. Heat exchanger (1), characterized in that a gap is formed between each. 7. A method according to claim 6, wherein at least one guide element (17, 17a, 17b, 17c) is formed inside the gap, and the guide element (17, 17a, 17b, 17c) thermally and mechanically drives the rib (19). Heat exchanger (1), characterized in that they are connected to each other. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the rib (19) is aligned in the longitudinal direction (L) of the heat exchanger (1). 9. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the ribs (19) are formed in a waveform in the longitudinal direction (L). 10. The rib according to claim 9, wherein the rib (19) has a first area (21) and a second area (22), the second area being limited by the first area (21) in the longitudinal direction (L), respectively. The ribs 19 are formed in a waveform in the second region 22 and in the first region 21 so as to run parallel to the longitudinal direction L, the heat exchanger 1. . 6. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the rib (19) is formed at a constant height. 8. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the at least one guide element (17, 17a, 17b, 17c) is formed as a flat, in particular strip shaped guide sheet. 8. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the at least one guide element (17, 17a, 17b, 17c) is arranged in a transverse direction with respect to the rib (19). . 10. Heat according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that at least two guide elements (17, 17a, 17b, 17c) are formed which are connected mechanically and thermally to each other via at least one fixing element (18). Exchanger (1). 15. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one fixing element (18) is formed as a flat guide sheet having a wall thickness of the guide element (17, 17a, 17b, 17c). The heat exchanger (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one fixing element (18) is aligned in the longitudinal direction (L) of the heat exchanger (1) and that the ribs (19) are thermally and mechanically connected to each other. One). The heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the wall elements (7a, 7b) are formed from sheets with shaped ribs (19). The wall elements (7a, 7b) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that they are formed with ribs (19) on the inner surface arranged inside the exhaust gas-flow channel (11), respectively. Heat exchanger (1). The rib 19 of one of the wall elements 7a, 7b is spaced differently from one another within the flow cross section of the exhaust-flow channel 11 and the coolant-flow channel 12. The heat exchanger 1 to be used. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the wall elements (7a, 7b) are formed identically. 6. A wall according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the wall elements 7a, 7b each have one side wall on the side running in the longitudinal direction L, the side wall extending from the first front surface to the second front surface. Characterized in the heat exchanger (1). The heat exchange element according to claim 21, characterized in that the wall elements (7a, 7b) of the heat exchanger elements (7) are connected in fluid sealing manner to one another in a longitudinally aligned (L) side facing each other. Exchanger (1). 22. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that the heat exchanger elements (7) are arranged at the same height with each other on the side aligned in the longitudinal direction (L). 6. The coolant-flow channel (12) according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the heat exchanger-housing (2) is in the region of the inlet opening (9a) for the coolant and in the region of the upper and the lower surface of the outlet opening (9b) respectively. Heat exchanger (1), characterized in that it is provided with a molded part (23) of.

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