KR20190121235A - Apparatus for displaying augmented reality and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

According to one embodiment of the present invention, provided is an AR display device, which comprises: an output unit for outputting p-polar light rays including visual information within a predetermined spectrum; a polarizer for absorbing s-polar light rays and passing p-polar light rays; and an optical layer for reflecting at least a portion of the light rays having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum.

Description

AR display device and method {APPARATUS FOR DISPLAYING AUGMENTED REALITY AND METHOD THEREOF}

The embodiments below relate to an AR display apparatus and method, and for example, to an apparatus and method for displaying a vehicle HUD using a polarizing plate and an optical layer.

The head up display (HUD) system can provide a variety of information to the driver by generating a virtual image in front of the driver and displaying information in the virtual image. The information provided to the driver may include instrument panel information such as vehicle speed, fuel remaining amount, engine revolution (revolution per minute) and navigation information. The driver can easily grasp the information displayed in front of the driver without moving his / her eyes while driving, thereby increasing driving stability. In addition to instrument panel information and navigation information, the HUD system can provide drivers with Augmented Reality (AR) techniques for lane marking, construction marking, traffic accident marking, and pedestrian warning to assist in poor visibility. .

Light consists of a combination of electric and magnetic fields, which oscillate in a direction perpendicular to each other. It may correspond to s-polarization when the vibration direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the plane of incidence and may correspond to p-polarization when the vibration direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the plane of incidence. have. When light is incident from one medium to another, the amount of light reflected and transmitted can be determined by the refractive indices of the two media and the angle of incidence of the light. The amount of light reflected and transmitted can be explained by the Fresnel equation.

An AR display device using a polarizing plate and an optical layer according to an embodiment may transmit a p-polar ray including visual information output from the output unit 110 to a predetermined viewing space, thereby driving a vehicle driver. Can watch the visual information (HUD image).

An AR display device using a polarizing plate and an optical layer according to an exemplary embodiment may block the light incident from the outside to be transmitted to a predetermined viewing space. If the wavelength of the externally incident light beam is included in the spectrum reflected by the optical layer, and the externally incident light beam corresponds to the p-polar light beam, at least 75% of the externally incident light beam is transmitted to a predetermined viewing space. You can block it. If the wavelength of the externally incident light beam is not included in the spectrum where the optical layer reflects at least a portion of the received light beam, or if the externally incident light beam corresponds to the s-polar light beam, then all of the externally incident light beams It can be blocked from being delivered to the predetermined viewing space.

According to an embodiment, an AR display apparatus includes an output unit configured to output p-polarized radiation including visual information within a predetermined spectrum; a polarizing plate that absorbs s-polarized radiation and passes p-polarized radiation; And an optical layer for reflecting at least a portion of the light ray having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum.

According to an embodiment, the output unit may output the p-polar light beam including the visual information such that the p-polar light beam including the visual information is projected through the polarizer to the optical layer. have.

According to one embodiment, the optical layer may reflect at least a portion of the light ray having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum of the p-polar light rays passing through the polarizing plate to a predetermined viewing space.

According to one embodiment, the output unit comprises a display panel for displaying the visual information based on the predetermined spectrum; And a light source for providing light to the display panel.

According to one embodiment, the p-polar light rays comprising the visual information may be incident at a predetermined threshold angle when projected onto the optical layer.

According to an embodiment, the polarizer may absorb s-polar light rays of light rays incident from the outside and passing through the optical layer.

According to one embodiment, the p-polar light rays of the light incident from the outside passing through the optical layer is reflected by the output portion through the polarizing plate, the p-polar light rays reflected by the output portion May be projected to the optical layer through the polarizer.

According to one embodiment, the p-polar light rays having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum of the p-polar light rays incident from the outside is reflected by the optical layer, the p-polar light incident from the outside P-polar light rays having a wavelength other than the predetermined spectrum among the light rays are reflected by the output unit through the optical layer and the polarizing plate, and have a wavelength other than the predetermined spectrum reflected by the output unit. P-polar light rays pass through the polarizer and are projected onto the optical layer, and may pass through the optical layer without being reflected by the optical layer.

In example embodiments, the optical layer may reflect light rays having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum according to a predetermined reflectance.

In example embodiments, the predetermined spectrum may include a plurality of wavelengths, and the optical layer may have a different reflectance for each of the plurality of wavelengths.

According to one embodiment, the predetermined spectrum may include at least one of a light ray having a wavelength of a red line, a light ray having a wavelength of a green line, and a light ray having a wavelength of a blue line.

According to one embodiment, the reflectance of the optical layer may be determined based on the visibility required by the optical layer.

According to an embodiment, the optical layer may reflect at least a portion of light rays having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum among light rays incident from the outside.

In example embodiments, the optical layer may reflect at least a portion of a light ray having a wavelength of an infrared ray system among light rays incident from the outside.

According to one embodiment, the optical layer is between the windshield and the inner glass layer of the vehicle, outside of the windshield of the vehicle, or inside the inner glass layer. Can be located.

In example embodiments, the optical layer may include at least one of a diffractive optical element (DOE) and a holographic optical element (HOE).

According to one or more exemplary embodiments, an AR display method includes: outputting a p-polar ray including visual information in a predetermined spectrum using an output unit; Passing the p-polar light beam output by the output unit using a polarizing plate; And reflecting at least a portion of the p-polar light beams passed through the polarizer into a predetermined viewing space using an optical layer.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a HUD display device and a progress of p-polar light rays including visual information according to an embodiment.
2 is a view for explaining the progress of light rays incident from the outside according to an embodiment.
3 is a diagram illustrating a reflectance according to polarity and an incident angle of light rays incident on a medium having different refractive indices, according to an exemplary embodiment.
4 is an exemplary diagram of a spectrum of wavelengths of light reflected by an optical layer, according to an exemplary embodiment.
5 is a diagram for describing an operation of an optical layer, according to an exemplary embodiment.
6 is a diagram illustrating visibility of a HUD image when wearing polarized glasses according to an exemplary embodiment.
7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a p-polar light ray including visual information according to an embodiment.
8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of an incident light beam from the outside according to an exemplary embodiment.

Specific structural or functional descriptions of the embodiments are disclosed for purposes of illustration only, and may be practiced in various forms. Accordingly, the embodiments are not limited to the specific disclosure, and the scope of the present specification includes changes, equivalents, or substitutes included in the technical idea.

Terms such as first or second may be used to describe various components, but such terms should be interpreted only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component. For example, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there may be a direct connection or connection to that other component, but there may be other components in between.

Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to designate that the described feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof exists, but includes one or more other features or numbers, It is to be understood that it does not exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of steps, actions, components, parts or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Terms such as those defined in the commonly used dictionaries should be construed as having meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art, and are not construed in ideal or excessively formal meanings unless expressly defined herein. Do not.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a HUD display device and a progress of p-polar light rays including visual information according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1, the HUD display device according to an exemplary embodiment includes an output unit 110, a polarizer 120, and an optical layer 140. The output unit 110 outputs a p-polarized image including visual information based on a predetermined spectrum. The polarizer 120 absorbs s-polar light rays and passes the p-polar light rays. The optical layer 140 reflects at least some of the light rays of a predetermined spectrum.

For example, the optical layer 140 may reflect p-polar light rays having a predetermined in-spectrum wavelength. In this case, the p-polar image output by the output unit 110 may enter the optical layer 140 through the polarizing plate 120 and then be reflected by the optical layer 140 to be provided to the user.

As will be described in detail below, by providing visual information using a p-polar image, problems that occur when providing visual information using an s-polar image can be solved. For example, referring to FIG. 2, embodiments may be applied to a HUD system of a vehicle, and reflection of sunlight incident from the outside of the vehicle to a user (eg, a driver, etc.) may be prevented. In addition, referring to FIG. 6, the HUD image may be provided to a user (eg, a driver) wearing polarized sunglasses. In addition, there are various technical effects according to the embodiments, more specific details will be described later.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the output unit 110 may include a display panel 111 and a light source 113. The display panel 111 may display a p-polarized HUD image including visual information based on the first predetermined spectrum, and the light source 113 may be a white light for displaying the HUD image. (light) may be provided to the display panel 111.

The first predetermined spectrum may be included in the second predetermined spectrum to be reflected by the optical layer 140. The first predetermined spectrum may include at least one of a light ray having a wavelength of a red line, a light ray having a wavelength of a green line, and a light ray having a wavelength of a blue line. For example, the display panel 111 may display a HUD image by using light rays having a wavelength of a red color, and display light rays having a wavelength of a red color, light rays having a wavelength of a green color, and wavelengths of a blue color. The branch may also display the HUD image by using the rays together. As the display panel 111 and the light source 113 operate together, the output unit 110 including them may output p-polar rays including visual information within a first predetermined spectrum.

The light source 113 may correspond to an LED type or a laser type. However, the type of the light source 113 is not necessarily limited to the LED type or the laser type, nor is it limited to providing white light to the display panel 111. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, embodiments in which the display panel 111 and the light source 113 in the output unit 110 are implemented as separate layers and the light source 113 provides white light will be described. The display panel 111 and the light source 113 of the output unit 110 may be implemented as a single layer, or the light source 113 may provide light having a wavelength of a color system other than white.

Light rays output from the output unit 110 may be projected onto the polarizer 120. The polarizer 120 has a property of absorbing s-polarized radiation and passing p-polarized radiation. The light ray including the visual information output from the output unit 110 may pass through the polarizer because it has p-polarity. When all or part of the light rays output from the output unit 110 correspond to s-polar rays due to a malfunction of the output unit 110 or a design error, the polarizing plate 120 may be s-polar. By absorbing light rays, the light rays after passing through the polarizing plate 120 can be p-polar light rays.

In addition, the HUD display device according to an exemplary embodiment may further include one or more mirrors 130, and the optical layer 140 may be inserted into or attached to the windshield 150 of the vehicle.

The p-polar light rays that contain visual information may pass through the polarizer 120 and be projected onto one or more mirrors 130. One or more mirrors 130 may include one or more planar mirrors, one or more convex mirrors, or a combination thereof. The one or more mirrors 130 adjust the direction in which the p-polar light rays containing visual information are reflected, so that when the light rays reflected by the one or more mirrors 130 are incident on the optical layer 140, For example, at a Brewster angle). As will be described in detail below, the critical angle may comprise a predetermined angle range. For example, referring to FIG. 3, there is an angle range in which only s-polar light rays are reflected and p-polar light rays are transmitted according to an incident angle at which light rays are incident on the optical layer 140. The critical angle according to the present invention may be understood as a concept including a corresponding angle range.

When the at least one mirror 130 includes at least one convex mirror, the convex mirror may be viewed by the driver of the vehicle by adjusting the size of the HUD image displayed by the display panel 111 included in the output unit 110. The size of the HUD image may be adjusted (eg, enlarged). However, adjusting the direction in which the p-polar rays including visual information are projected and the size of the HUD image to be viewed by the driver of the vehicle can be achieved through the proper design of the output unit 110. One or more mirrors 130 are not necessarily necessary to achieve the purpose. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, embodiments in which one or more mirrors 130 are included will be described. However, in some cases, the HUD display device may not include one or more mirrors 130.

More details regarding the angle of incidence when the p-polar light ray including visual information is incident on the optical layer 140 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.

The optical layer 140 may reflect at least some of the received light rays within the second predetermined spectrum. The second predetermined spectrum may include the first predetermined spectrum used by the output unit 110. For example, when the wavelength corresponding to the first predetermined spectrum corresponds to the wavelength of the red system, the wavelength corresponding to the second spectrum may correspond to the wavelength of the red system and the wavelength of the infrared system. The p-polar light beam containing visual information in the first predetermined spectrum from the output 110 is incident on the optical layer 140 at a predetermined critical angle, and at least a part of the viewing of the optical layer 140 is predetermined. Can be reflected into space. The predetermined viewing space may be a predetermined space for the driver of the vehicle to watch the visual information.

The ratio of the light rays reflected by the optical layer 140 among the light rays incident on the optical layer 140 within the second predetermined spectrum may be the reflectance of the optical layer 140. The reflectance of the optical layer 140 can be determined based on the required visibility. For example, when the HUD image viewed by the driver of the vehicle is required to have relatively high visibility, the optical layer 140 may be designed to have a reflectance of 80% for a predetermined spectrum. On the other hand, when the HUD image viewed by the driver of the vehicle is required to have a relatively low visibility, the optical layer 140 may be designed to have a reflectance of 30% for a predetermined spectrum.

The optical layer 140 may be located between the windshield 150 and the inner glass layer of the vehicle, outside the wind shield 150 of the vehicle, or located inside the inner glass layer. . The inner glass layer may be a glass layer located on the vehicle inner side surface of the windshield 150 of the vehicle. The optical layer 140 is located between the windshield 150 of the vehicle and the inner glass layer, which means that the optical layer 140 is inserted between the glass constituting the windshield 150 of the vehicle and the glass constituting the inner glass layer. May be included. Positioning the optical layer 140 outside the windshield 150 of the vehicle may include attaching the optical layer 140 in the form of a film to the vehicle outer surface of the windshield 150 of the vehicle, wherein the optical layer Positioning 140 inside the inner glass layer may include attaching the optical layer 140 in the form of a film to the vehicle inner side surface of the inner glass layer. Hereinafter, for the convenience of description, embodiments in which the optical layer 140 is positioned between the windshield 150 and the inner glass layer of the vehicle will be described. As such, the optical layer 140 may be implemented.

More details related to the operation of the optical layer 140 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

As the p-polar light ray including visual information is reflected from the optical layer 140 to the predetermined viewing space, the driver of the vehicle may watch the HUD image. The driver of the vehicle may watch the image as if the HUD image is located in the virtual image plane 160 located in front of his field of view. The virtual image plane 160 may be located within the driver's visibility range, and its position may be determined so as not to disturb the field of view for driving. The proper position of the virtual image plane 160 may be for the convenience of the driver, to prevent the danger during driving, and may be achieved by the proper design of the HUD display device.

In the AR display apparatus using the polarizing plate and the optical layer according to an exemplary embodiment, the p-polar ray including the visual information output from the output unit 110 is transmitted to a predetermined viewing space, thereby allowing the driver of the vehicle to visualize the information. You can watch (HUD video).

2 is a view for explaining the progress of light rays incident from the outside according to an embodiment. The output unit 220 may correspond to the output unit 110 of FIG. 1, the polarizer 230 may correspond to the polarizer 120 of FIG. 1, and the one or more mirrors 240 may correspond to one or more of FIG. 1. It may correspond to the mirror 130, and the optical layer 250 may correspond to the optical layer 140 of FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, the dotted line may correspond to the s-polar ray, and the solid line may correspond to the p-polar ray.

Referring to FIG. 2, in an HUD system that provides visual information using a p-polar image, sunlight incident from the outside is not reflected to the user. For example, when sunlight is incident on the optical layer 250, rays 211 and 212 having a wavelength in a predetermined spectrum in sunlight may be reflected. Light rays 213 and 214 of the remaining wavelengths pass through the optical layer 250 to reach the polarizer 230. In the polarizer 230, the s-polar light ray 213 is absorbed, and only the p-polar light ray 214 is passed through. The p-polar light ray 214 may be reflected by the output 220 and propagated back to the optical layer 250. According to one embodiment, the optical layer 250 selectively reflects only light rays having a wavelength within a predetermined spectrum, and since the p-polar light rays 214 have wavelengths other than the corresponding spectrum, the p-polar light rays 214 Pass through the optical layer 250 without being reflected. For this reason, sunlight incident from the outside is not reflected to the user.

On the other hand, in a HUD system that provides visual information using an s-polar image, the s-polar light beam may be reflected by the output and propagated back to the optical layer. Even in this case, the s-polar light does not have an in-spectrum wavelength designed to reflect in the optical layer. However, referring to FIG. 3, at least some of the s-polar light rays are always reflected in the optical layer, such that some of the s-polar light rays are reflected to the user. As a result, problems that may hinder viewing of the HUD image, such as glare caused by external sunlight, may occur.

Hereinafter, an operation of the HUD system for providing visual information using a p-polar image according to an embodiment will be described in detail. The optical layer 250 may reflect at least some of the received light rays within the second predetermined spectrum. The first light ray 211 may correspond to an s-polar light ray among light rays having a wavelength included in a second predetermined spectrum, and the second light ray 212 may have a wavelength included in a second predetermined spectrum. May correspond to a medium p-polar ray, and the third ray 213 may correspond to an s-polar ray among rays having a wavelength not included in the second predetermined spectrum, and the fourth ray 214. May correspond to a p-polar light ray among light rays having a wavelength not included in the second predetermined spectrum.

Since the first light ray 211 and the second light ray 212 have a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum, at least a portion of the first light ray 211 and the second light ray 212 are reflected by the optical layer 250. When the reflectance of the optical layer 250 is 100% with respect to the second predetermined spectrum, the first light beam 211 and the second light beam 212 are completely reflected by the optical layer 250, thus reaching the driver's field of view at all. You can't. When the reflectance of the optical layer 250 is not 100%, a portion of the first light ray 211 and the second light ray 212 may pass through the optical layer 250. When a portion of the first ray 211 and the second ray 212 passes through the optical layer 250, the first ray 211 travels with the third ray 213 passing through the optical layer 250. The second light ray 212 may be the same, and the propagation of the first light ray 211 and the second light ray 212 may be largely the same as that of the fourth light ray 214 transmitted through the optical layer 250. The progress of the light after a part has passed through the optical layer 250 is not shown.

Since the third light ray 213 and the fourth light ray 214 do not have a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum, they may not be reflected by the properties of the optical layer 250. Part of the light beam that reaches the wind shield of the vehicle by traveling through the air outside the vehicle may be partially reflected by the change of the refractive index, but the third and fourth light beams that are externally reflected by the change of the refractive index may not be applied to the AR display device. Since there is no impact, further progress may not be considered. At least some of the third and fourth light rays 213 and 214 that are not reflected to the outside due to the change in the refractive index may pass through the optical layer 250.

More details related to the reflection of a part of light incident from the outside by the change of the refractive index will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.

Some of the third and fourth light rays 213 and 214 that pass through the optical layer 250 may be projected onto one or more mirrors 240. The third and fourth light rays 213 and 214 reflected from the one or more mirrors 240 may be projected onto the polarizer 230. The polarizing plate 230 has a property of absorbing s-polar light rays and passing p-polar light rays. Since the third light ray 213 corresponds to the s-polar light ray, it may be absorbed by the polarizer 230. Since the fourth light ray 214 corresponds to the p-polar light ray, the fourth light ray 214 may be projected to the output unit 220 through the polarizer 230. When light rays are incident on the output unit 220, the output unit 220 may serve as a mirror. The fourth light ray 214 may be reflected by the output unit 220 and projected onto the one or more mirrors 240. The fourth light ray 214 may pass through the polarizer 230 again while the fourth light ray 214 is reflected by the output unit 220. However, since the fourth light ray 214 corresponds to a p-polar light ray, the fourth light ray 214 is not affected by the progression. You may not.

The fourth light ray 214 reflected by the output unit 220 may be projected to one or more mirrors 240. The one or more mirrors 240 may adjust the direction of the light beams reflected by the output unit 220 so that the light beams reflected by the one or more mirrors 240 are incident at a critical angle when they are incident on the optical layer 250. .

More details related to adjusting the angle incident on the optical layer 250 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.

The fourth light ray 214 reflected back from the one or more mirrors 240 may be projected onto the optical layer 250. The optical layer 250 may reflect at least some of the received light rays within the second predetermined spectrum.

Since the fourth ray 214 does not have a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum, the fourth ray 214 may not be reflected by the property of the optical layer 250. The fourth light ray 214 is incident at the critical angle when it is incident on the optical layer 250, and the fourth light ray 214 corresponds to the p-polar light ray, so that at the interface between the air inside the vehicle and the inner glass layer The reflection coefficient of may be zero. Accordingly, all of the fourth light rays 214 traveling inside the vehicle and reaching the glass layer may not be reflected despite the change in the refractive index, and may pass through the optical layer 250 to proceed to the outside. It may not be reflected into space.

(1-R)만큼이 광학 레이어(250)를 투과할 수 있다. R (1-R)은 R=0.5일 때 0.25를 최대값으로 가지므로, 반사율이 1이 아닌 경우 제2 광선은 최대 1/4만큼 미리 정해진 시청공간으로 반사될 수 있다.On the other hand, when a part of the second light ray 212 passes through the optical layer 250, the second light ray 212 has a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum, it is due to the nature of the optical layer 250 At least some may be reflected in the optical layer. Thus, a portion of the second light ray 212 may be reflected from the optical layer 250 to a predetermined viewing space. When the reflectance of the optical layer 250 for the wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum is R (for convenience of understanding, the reflectance is set to an exponent value between 0 and 1, not a percentage value), The maximum (1-R) of the second light beam may pass through the optical layer 250. In addition, the R of the second light rays reflected by the one or more mirrors 240 may be reflected by the optical layer 250 to the predetermined viewing space. Therefore, the maximum R of the second light beam incident from the outside

As much as (1-R) may pass through the optical layer 250. R Since (1-R) has a maximum value of 0.25 when R = 0.5, when the reflectance is not 1, the second light beam may be reflected by a maximum of 1/4 to the predetermined viewing space.

An AR display device using a polarizing plate and an optical layer according to an exemplary embodiment may block the light incident from the outside to be transmitted to a predetermined viewing space. For example, when the wavelength of an externally incident ray is included in a spectrum reflected by the optical layer, and the externally incident ray corresponds to a p-polar ray, at least 75% of the externally incident ray is predetermined. It can be blocked from being delivered to the viewing space. Or, if the wavelength of the light incident from the outside is not included in the spectrum reflecting at least a portion of the received light by the optical layer, or if the light incident from the outside corresponds to the s-polar light, The whole can be blocked from being delivered to the predetermined viewing space.

3 is a diagram illustrating a reflectance according to polarity and an incident angle of light rays incident on a medium having different refractive indices, according to an exemplary embodiment.

)(330)에서 p-극성의 광선(320)의 반사율은 0에 가깝고, s-극성의 반사율은 약 20%일 수 있다. 따라서, 광학 레이어로 입사되는 광선의 입사각이 임계 각(330)이 되도록 조정하면, p-극성의 광선(320)은 반사 없이 투과될 수 있다. 이하, 도 1 및 도 2에서 설명된 실시예의 일부를 더 상세하게 설명한다.Referring to FIG. 3, when light enters a medium having different refractive indices in one medium, light may partially reflect from a surface due to a difference in refractive index of two materials. The degree of reflection of light at the surface can be determined by the polarity of the light beam and the angle at which light is incident on the interface between the two media. The graph shown in FIG. 3 may indicate reflectance according to the incident angle when light is incident on the glass (refractive index 1.5) from the air (refractive index 1.0), which is a medium having a small refractive index. According to the graph, the critical angle (e.g., Brewster angle (

At 330, the reflectivity of the p-polar light ray 320 may be close to zero, and the reflectance of the s-polar light may be about 20%. Thus, if the angle of incidence of light rays incident on the optical layer is adjusted to be the critical angle 330, the p-polar light rays 320 can be transmitted without reflection. Hereinafter, some of the embodiments described in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described in more detail.

In FIG. 1, the one or more mirrors 130 adjust the direction in which the p-polar rays 320 containing visual information are reflected so that the rays reflected from the one or more mirrors 130 are incident on the optical layer 140. In this case, the critical angle 330 may be the incident angle. Alternatively, through proper design of the output 110, it is possible to have the critical angle 330 as the incident angle when the light beam is incident on the optical layer 140 without using one or more mirrors 130.

The optical layer 140 may reflect at least some of the received light rays within the second predetermined spectrum, and the second predetermined spectrum may include the first predetermined spectrum used by the output unit 110.

When the optical layer 140 is located between the windshield 150 of the vehicle and the inner glass layer, the reflection coefficient becomes zero at the interface between the air inside the vehicle and the inner glass layer, so that the light is reflected. Although transmitted without, at least a portion of the light rays may be reflected by the properties of the optical layer 140. Even when the optical layer 140 is located outside the windshield 150 of the vehicle, the reflection coefficient becomes 0 at the interface between the air inside the vehicle and the inner glass layer so that light is transmitted without reflection, but the optical layer 140 At least a portion of the ray may be reflected by the nature of the layer 140. When the optical layer 140 is located inside the inner glass layer, the light beam first reaches the optical layer 140 before reaching the inner glass layer, and at least a portion of the light beam is reflected by the properties of the optical layer 140. Can be.

In FIG. 1, even when it is assumed that the p-polar light ray 320 including visual information has a value other than the critical angle 330 as the incident angle when the optical layer 140 is incident on the optical layer 140, At least some of the rays may be reflected. However, when the p-polar light ray 320 is not adjusted to have the critical angle 330 as the incident angle when the light ray 320 is incident on the optical layer 140, the air and the inner glass layer of the vehicle interior as well as the optical layer 140. The reflection coefficient at the interface may not be zero. In this case, since the p-polar light ray 320 including the information may be divided into two parts and reflected to a predetermined viewing space, the HUD image viewed by the driver of the vehicle may be blurred or may be overlapped to form visibility. Can be degraded. As this may cause a danger while driving and may cause inconvenience to the driver, it may be adjusted to have the critical angle 330 as the angle of incidence when the p-polar light ray 320 is incident on the optical layer 140.

In FIG. 2, light rays incident from the outside may have various incident angles when incident to the wind shield and the optical layer 250 of the vehicle. Since the third light ray 213 and the fourth light ray 214 do not have a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum, they may not be reflected by the properties of the optical layer 250. Referring to FIG. 3, the third light ray 213 has an s-polarity 310 and may be reflected by a change in refractive index when incident to the wind shield.

According to one embodiment, by using the output unit for outputting the p-polar light rays and the polarizing plate to absorb the s-polar light rays, it is possible to prevent the p-polar light rays incident from the outside obstruct the driver's view. have. For example, since the fourth ray 214 of FIG. 2 does not have a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum, the fourth ray 214 may not be reflected by the property of the optical layer 250. The fourth light ray 214 has a critical angle of incidence when the fourth light ray 214 is incident on the optical layer 250, and the fourth light ray 214 corresponds to the p-polar light ray 320, so that the air inside the vehicle and the inner glass layer The reflection coefficient at the interface between them can be zero. Thus, light rays traveling through the vehicle and reaching the glass layer may not be reflected despite the change in the refractive index. Therefore, all of the fourth light rays 214 may pass through the optical layer 250 and travel to the outside, and thus may not be reflected to the predetermined viewing space.

4 is an exemplary diagram of a spectrum of wavelengths of light reflected by an optical layer, according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 4, the optical layer may reflect at least some of the received light rays within the second predetermined spectrum, and the second predetermined spectrum may include the first predetermined spectrum used at the output unit. Graphs (a) 410 through (e) 450 may be graphs of the range of possible second spectra and the possible reflectivity. In graphs (a) 410 to (e) 450, B represents the wavelength of blue, G represents the wavelength of green, and R represents the wavelength of red. Can be represented.

The second predetermined spectrum may include at least a portion of the wavelength of the blue system, the wavelength of the green system, and the wavelength of the red system. For convenience of description, the graph (a) 410 shows that the second predetermined spectrum includes all of the wavelengths of the blue system, the wavelength of the green system, and the wavelengths of the red system, but the second spectrum includes only some of them. It may also include. However, considering that the output unit outputs light rays including visual information, the light rays reflected in the predetermined viewing space must also be visible, and therefore, at least one of the wavelength of the blue system, the wavelength of the green system, and the wavelength of the red system Some may include.

When the second predetermined spectrum includes at least some of the wavelength of the blue system, the wavelength of the green system, and the wavelength of the red system, the range of wavelengths included in the second spectrum may be variously determined for each. For example, the range of wavelengths included in the second spectrum with respect to the wavelength of the blue system, the wavelength of the green system, and the wavelength of the red system in graph (b) 420 is shown in the graph (a) 410. The wavelength, the wavelength of the green line, and the wavelength of the red line may be relatively wider than the range of the wavelength included in the second spectrum.

The reflectance for the second predetermined spectrum can be variously determined. The reflectance for the second predetermined spectrum can be determined based on the required visibility. For example, the reflectance of the optical layer for the second predetermined spectrum in graph (c) 430 may have a value that is relatively smaller than the reflectance of the optical layer for the second predetermined spectrum in graph (a) 410. Can be.

The second predetermined spectrum may include not only the wavelength of the blue line, the wavelength of the green line, and the wavelength of the red line, but also other wavelengths. As an example, in graph (d) 440, the second predetermined spectrum may include the wavelength of the blue line, the wavelength of the green line, and the wavelength of the infrared line as well as the wavelength of the red line. When a ray having a wavelength of an infrared ray system is incident inside the vehicle, the temperature inside the vehicle may increase due to infrared radiation, and thus, the second predetermined spectrum includes the wavelength of the infrared ray system. The temperature rise inside the vehicle can be alleviated or prevented. As another example, in graph (e) 450, the second predetermined spectrum may include the entire wavelength. However, when the second predetermined spectrum includes the entire wavelength, when the reflectance is close to 1, since the light incident from the outside is substantially reflected in the optical layer, the driver does not have a view of the external environment. It can be determined as a value less than 1 (eg, 0.5).

5 is a diagram for describing an operation of an optical layer, according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 5, when the p-polar ray 510 including visual information output from the output unit is incident on the inner glass layer 540 having a critical angle as an incident angle, the air and the inner glass inside the vehicle The reflection coefficient at the interface between layers 540 may be zero. Thus, light rays traveling through the vehicle and reaching the glass layer may not be reflected despite the change in the refractive index.

When the light ray 510 passing through the inner glass layer 540 is incident on the optical layer 530, at least one of the light rays 510 having a wavelength included in the second spectrum predetermined by the property of the optical layer 530. Some may be reflected. When the reflectance of the optical layer 530 is 100% with respect to the second predetermined spectrum, all of the light rays 510 having the wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum may be reflected. When the reflectance of the optical layer 530 is not 100% with respect to the second predetermined spectrum, a portion of the light ray 510 may travel through the optical layer 530. The angle of incidence when the light ray 510 is incident on the inner glass layer 540 corresponds to a critical angle, and the angle of refraction may be smaller than the angle of incidence when incident on the inner glass layer having a large refractive index in the vehicle interior air having a small refractive index. . Since the angle of refraction when the light ray 510 is incident from the vehicle interior air into the inner glass layer 540 is an incident angle when the light ray 510 is incident from the wind shield 520 of the vehicle into the outside air of the vehicle, The angle of incidence has a critical angle and the reflection coefficient at the interface can be zero. Therefore, the light beams traveling through the windshield 520 of the vehicle and reaching the interface between the windshield 520 of the vehicle and the outside air of the vehicle may not be reflected despite the change in the refractive index. That is, even if the reflectance of the optical layer 530 is not 100% for the second predetermined spectrum, the reflection may occur only in the optical layer 530. When the reflection occurs only in the optical layer 530, since the light ray 510 is not divided and reflected twice, the HUD image viewed by the driver of the vehicle may be blurred or not overlapped.

When the reflectance of the optical layer 530 is 100%, all of the p-polar light rays 510 among the light rays having a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum are reflected by the optical layer 530, so that the windshield 520 of the vehicle ) May not be affected by various foreign substances 550 such as water, ice, and mud that are present outside. On the other hand, when the reflectance of the optical layer 530 is not 100%, a portion of the light ray 510 may reach the interface between the wind shield 520 and the foreign matter 550 of the vehicle. In this case, reflection of light rays may occur by foreign matter. When the reflection of the light beam is caused by the foreign matter, the light beam 510 is divided into two reflections, and thus, the HUD image viewed by the driver of the vehicle may be blurred or two may be overlapped to reduce visibility. However, if the reflectance of the optical layer 530 is R, the maximum (1-R) of the light rays 510 incident from the vehicle interior air into the inner glass layer 540 may pass through the optical layer 530. Since the maximum (1-R) of the rays reflected by the foreign matter may pass through the optical layer 530 again, the maximum (1-R) ² of the rays 510 incident to the glass layer 540. It may be reflected by this foreign matter. Therefore, as R is closer to 1, double reflection by foreign matter can be reduced.

In the above, the embodiments in which the optical layer 530 is positioned between the windshield 520 and the inner glass layer 540 of the vehicle have been described for convenience of description, but in some cases, the optical layer may be a windshield ( It may be located outside the 520 or inside the inner glass layer 540. However, even in this case, when the p-polar light ray 510 having the wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum has a critical angle as the incident angle, the inner glass layer 540 and the wind shield 520 of the vehicle Reflection may not occur, and reflection may occur only in the optical layer 530. In addition, even in the case of double reflection by foreign matter 550 present outside the wind shield 520 of the vehicle, the light ray 510 transmits twice through the optical layer 530. Thus, by the foregoing descriptions, embodiments in which the optical layer is located outside the wind shield 520 of the vehicle or inside the inner glass layer 540 may be similarly described.

6 is a diagram illustrating visibility of a HUD image when wearing polarized glasses according to an exemplary embodiment. When the output unit of the HUD system is based on the LCD display, the polarization direction of the polarizing glasses (for example, polarized sunglasses, etc.) and the polarization direction of the LCD display are orthogonal, so that a user may not be able to view the HUD image. According to an embodiment, the HUD image may be provided to the user wearing the polarized glasses without any problem by providing visual information using the p-polar image.

Referring to FIG. 6, when the p-polar light ray 610 including visual information output from the output unit is incident on the inner glass layer or the optical layer 620 while having a critical angle as an incident angle, the air inside the vehicle The reflection coefficient at the interface between and the inner glass layer can be zero, so that light ray 610 is not reflected at the inner glass layer. The p-polar light ray 610 including the visual information output from the output unit may have a wavelength included in the first predetermined spectrum, and the first predetermined spectrum may be included in the second predetermined spectrum. In other words, the light ray 610 may have a wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum. When the light ray 610 passing through the inner glass layer is incident on the optical layer 620, at least a part of the light ray 610 having the wavelength included in the second predetermined spectrum is reflected by the property of the optical layer 620. Can be.

The driver may wear p-polarized glasses 630 to prevent glare during driving for convenience and to prevent danger during driving. Since the light ray 610 including the visual information output from the output unit corresponds to the p-polar light ray, the light ray 610 may pass through the polarizing lens of the p-polarized glasses 630. Therefore, even when the driver wears the p-polarized glasses 630, visibility of the HUD image may be secured. The p-polarized glasses 630 may include polarized sunglasses, for example.

7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a p-polar light ray including visual information according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 7, the output unit may output a p-polar ray including visual information (710). Step 710 may be performed by the output unit 110 of FIG. 1. The output light ray may pass 720 through the polarizing plate passing through the p-polar light rays and absorbing the s-polar light rays. Operation 720 may be performed by the polarizer 120 of FIG. 1. Light rays that pass through the polarizer may be reflected at one or more mirrors (730). One or more mirrors can appropriately adjust the direction in which the rays are projected and the size of the HUD image that the driver of the vehicle will be viewing, but this is also achievable through proper design of the output, so that one or more mirrors must be used to achieve this goal. It is not essential. Step 730 may be performed by one or more mirrors 130 of FIG. 1. Light rays reflected from the one or more mirrors (or rays passing through the polarizer if not reflected by the one or more mirrors) may be reflected 740 at least in part in a predetermined viewing space in the optical layer. Step 740 may be performed by the optical layer 140 of FIG. 1.

8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of an incident light beam from the outside according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 8, an externally incident ray may be received at the optical layer (801). When the wavelength of the light incident from the outside is included in the second spectrum (802), the propagation of the light may vary depending on whether the reflectance of the optical layer is 100% (803). When the wavelength of the light incident from the outside is included in the second spectrum, it may correspond to the first light 211 and the second light 212 of FIG. 2. If the reflectivity of the optical layer is 100%, the light rays may be completely reflected outside (804). If the reflectance of the optical layer is not 100%, some of the light rays may be reflected outward and some of the rays may pass through the optical layer (805).

If the wavelength of the light incident from the outside is not included in the second spectrum (802), the light beam may pass through the optical layer (806). When the wavelength of the light incident from the outside is not included in the second spectrum, it may correspond to the third light ray 213 and the fourth light ray 214 of FIG. 2. Light rays transmitted 805 and 806 in the optical layer may be reflected 807 in one or more mirrors. Light rays reflected from one or more mirrors may be projected 808 to the polarizer. The s-polar light ray 809 may be absorbed at the polarizer 810. The s-polar light beam may correspond to the first light beam 211 and the third light beam 213 of FIG. 2. The p-polar light ray 809 passes through the polarizer and may be reflected at the output 811. The p-polar light rays may correspond to the second light rays 212 and the fourth light rays 214 of FIG. 2. Light rays reflected at the output may be reflected at one or more mirrors (812). However, when the polarizer and the output unit are properly designed, at least one mirror is not necessarily required, and thus, steps 807 and 812 may be omitted in some cases.

Light rays reflected from one or more mirrors (rays passing through the polarizer, if not reflected from one or more mirrors) may be projected to the optical layer (813). When the wavelength of the light beam projected on the optical layer is included in the second spectrum (814), a portion of the light beam may be reflected to the predetermined viewing space (815). When the wavelength of the light beam projected on the optical layer is included in the second spectrum, it may correspond to the second light beam 212 of FIG. 2. If the wavelength of the light beam is included in the second spectrum, the operation may have proceeded from step 802 to step 803, and therefore, operation must proceed from step 805 to 807 in order to proceed to step 815. That is, since the reflectance of the optical layer may not be 100% in order for the operation to proceed to step 805, at least part of the optical layer may be reflected to a predetermined viewing space in step 815. If the wavelength of the light beam projected on the optical layer is not included in the second spectrum (814), the light beam may project the optical layer (816). When the wavelength of the light beam projected on the optical layer is not included in the second spectrum, it may correspond to the fourth light beam 214 of FIG. 2.

The embodiments described above may be implemented as hardware components, software components, and / or combinations of hardware components and software components. For example, the devices, methods, and components described in the embodiments may include, for example, processors, controllers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), digital signal processors, microcomputers, field programmable gates (FPGAs). It may be implemented using one or more general purpose or special purpose computers, such as an array, a programmable logic unit (PLU), a microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process and generate data in response to the execution of the software. For the convenience of understanding, a processing device may be described as one being used, but a person skilled in the art will appreciate that the processing device includes a plurality of processing elements and / or a plurality of types of processing elements. It can be seen that it may include. For example, the processing device may include a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. In addition, other processing configurations are possible, such as parallel processors.

The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the above, and configure the processing device to operate as desired, or process it independently or collectively. You can command the device. Software and / or data may be any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage medium or device in order to be interpreted by or to provide instructions or data to the processing device. Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a signal wave to be transmitted. The software may be distributed over networked computer systems so that they may be stored or executed in a distributed manner. Software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.

The method according to the embodiment may be embodied in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded in a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the media may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the embodiments, or they may be of the kind well-known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts. Examples of computer readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape, optical media such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and magnetic disks such as floppy disks. Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include not only machine code generated by a compiler, but also high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware device described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

Although the embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may apply various technical modifications and variations based on the above. For example, the described techniques may be performed in a different order than the described method, and / or components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, etc. may be combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components. Or even if replaced or substituted by equivalents, an appropriate result can be achieved.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are within the scope of the claims that follow.

Claims (19)

An output unit for outputting p-polarized radiation including visual information within a predetermined spectrum;
a polarizing plate that absorbs s-polarized radiation and passes p-polarized radiation; And
An optical layer reflecting at least a portion of the light ray having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum
It includes, AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The output unit
Outputting the p-polar light beam including the visual information such that the p-polar light beam including the visual information is projected through the polarizer to the optical layer,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The optical layer is
Reflecting at least a portion of the light rays having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum among the p-polar light rays passing through the polarizing plate to a predetermined viewing space,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The output unit
A display panel displaying the visual information based on the predetermined spectrum; And
A light source providing light to the display panel
Including, AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The p-polar rays containing the visual information
Incident at a predetermined critical angle when projected onto the optical layer,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The polarizer is
Absorbs s-polar rays of light that are incident from the outside and pass through the optical layer,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
Among the light rays incident from the outside and passed through the optical layer, p-polar light rays pass through the polarizing plate and are reflected by the output unit,
The p-polar light rays reflected by the output part are projected through the polarizer to the optical layer,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
P-polar light rays having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum among the p-polar light rays incident from the outside are reflected by the optical layer,
Among the p-polar light rays incident from the outside, p-polar light rays having wavelengths other than the predetermined spectrum are reflected by the output part through the optical layer and the polarizing plate,
A p-polar light ray having a wavelength other than the predetermined spectrum reflected by the output part is projected to the optical layer through the polarizing plate and passes through the optical layer without being reflected by the optical layer,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The optical layer is
Reflecting a light ray having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum according to a predetermined reflectance,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The predetermined spectrum comprises a plurality of wavelengths,
The optical layer has a different reflectance for each of the plurality of wavelengths,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The predetermined spectrum is
At least one of a light ray having a wavelength of a red line, a light ray having a wavelength of a green line, and a light ray having a wavelength of a blue line,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The reflectance of the optical layer is
Determined based on the visibility required by the optical layer,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The optical layer is
Reflecting at least a portion of a light ray having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum among light rays incident from the outside;
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The optical layer is
Reflecting at least a portion of light rays having a wavelength of an infrared ray system among the light rays incident from the outside,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The optical layer is
Located between the windshield and the inner glass layer of the vehicle, outside the windshield of the vehicle, or inside the inner glass layer,
AR display device.
The method of claim 1,
The optical layer is
At least one of a diffractive optical element (DOE) and a holographic optical element (HOE),
AR display device.
Outputting a p-polar ray comprising visual information within a predetermined spectrum using an output;
Passing the p-polar light beam output by the output unit using a polarizing plate; And
Reflecting at least a portion of the p-polar light beam passing through the polarizer into a predetermined viewing space using an optical layer
Including, AR display method.
The method of claim 17,
Outputting a p-polar light ray comprising the visual information
Outputting the p-polar light beam including the visual information such that the p-polar light beam including the visual information is projected through the polarizer to the optical layer.
Including, AR display method.
The method of claim 17,
Reflecting to the predetermined viewing space
Reflecting at least a portion of the light ray having a wavelength corresponding to the predetermined spectrum among the p-polar light rays passing through the polarizing plate to the predetermined viewing space
Including, AR display method.

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