KR20190079468A - Controlled-not gate receiving propagation orbital angular momentum - Google Patents

Abstract

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a controlled-not (CNOT) gate may receive propagation orbital angular momentum as input. The CNOT gate may comprise: a first beam splitter dividing an OAM-polarization signal into two signal routes; and a second beam splitter merging the separated two signal routes into one.

Description

{CONTROLLED-NOT GATE RECEPTION PROPAGATION ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM}

The following embodiment relates to a control inversion gate.

Since the orbital angular momentum has a quantization characteristic, the degrees of freedom of quantum communication can be infinitely increased. Such a technical characteristic can be applied to quantum communication, a quantum computer, a quantum memory, and the like. In the field of circuit QED, CNOT gate and Hadamard gate are basic devices. In other words, in the field of quantum computer technology, any one of n integrated quantum operations can be implemented by the two element technology of control invert (CNOT, Controlled-NOT) gate and single qubit gate. In other words, CNOT gate and single qubit technology is a technology for multi-qubit system application and it is a universal technology element of quantum computer.

The beam splitter included in the CNOT gate of the present invention selectively transmits a signal having overlapping Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) and polarization mode (Polarization) to two paths. At this time, at the CNOT gate, when using a 50:50 beam splitter, the photons that are output from the light source and pass through the beam splitter can be found at the same probability in each of the plurality of outputs of the beam splitter. At this time, the separation ratio of the beam splitter can be adjusted. If the beam splitter included in the CNOT gate of the present invention is capable of separating the signal path according to vertical or horizontal polarization, the type of CNOT gate may be a P-CNOT gate. Also, if the beam splitter included in the CNOT gate of the present invention is capable of separating the signal path according to the OAM mode, the type of the CNOT gate may be an OAM-CNOT gate.

If a polarizing beam splitter (PBS) is used, each of the linearly polarized photons at 45 [deg.] Is passed through the polarization beam splitter, and is detected for vertical polarization or horizontal polarization The probability of becoming the same can be the same.

광자는 두 개의 분리된 경로에서 서로 다른 변위를 가지며 다시 두 번째 빔 스플리터에서 합쳐진다. 이 과정을 겪은 광자는

와 같은 상태로 합쳐진다. The same probability of output, which is output from the light source and split through the first beam splitter of the CNOT gate

The photons have different displacements in two separate paths and are combined again at the second beam splitter. The photon that underwent this process

And so on.

과 같은 양자 얽힘 상태(Quantum Entanglement State)를 획득할 수 있다.As an example of a two-qubit system, when a qubit of an input passes through a Hadamard gate and is input to the control qubit of the CNOT gate,

(Quantum Entanglement State).

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a CNOT gate having an input of angular momentum of propagation orbit, a structure of the CNOT gate, and a quantum gate generated from the CNOT gate are proposed.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, Pol. We propose a Hadamard gate and an orbit angular momentum OAM Hadamard gate structure and a quantum gate generated from the Hadamard gate.

According to an embodiment, there is provided a control inversion gate for processing a signal, comprising: a first beam splitter for dividing an input signal into two signal paths; And a second beam splitter for merging the divided signal paths, wherein the first beam splitter may be a control inversion gate that divides the signal such that different polarized signals pass through each of the two signal paths.

The first beam splitter may be a control inversion gate that divides the signal so that the different polarization signals have the same Orbital Angular Momentum.

The two signal paths include a first signal path through which the V-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated; And a second signal path through which the H-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated.

A first beam splitter for dividing the signal into two signal paths; And a first signal path through which the V-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated; And a second signal path through which the H-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, propagates, and a second beam splitter merging the divided signal paths, wherein each of the two signal paths May be control inversion gates having different Orbital Angular Momentum modes.

The two signal paths include a first signal path in which a first signal having an even-OAM mode propagates; And a second signal path through which a second signal having an odd-OAM mode is propagated.

The first beam splitter may be a control inversion gate that splits the signal so that the different polarized signals have the same polarization.

The two signal paths include a first signal path through which a first signal having an odd-OAM mode, which is even-OAM or vice versa, propagates; And a second signal path through which a second signal having an even-OAM mode that is odd-OAM or vice versa is propagated.

A first beam splitter for dividing the signal into two signal paths; And a first signal path through which the even-OAM polarized signal divided in the signal or the odd-OAM polarized signal in the opposite direction propagates; And a second signal path in which an odd-OAM polarized signal divided in the signal propagates, or an even-OAM polarized signal in its inverse, and a second beam splitter merging the divided signal paths, The signals passing through each of the paths may be control inversion gates having different polarization modes.

The two signal paths include a first signal path through which a first signal having an H mode, V or vice versa, propagates; And a second signal path through which a second signal having a V mode that is H or vice versa propagates.

The two signal paths include a first signal path through which a first signal having a positive-OAM or vice versa, having a negative-OAM mode, propagates; And a second signal path through which a second signal having a positive-OAM mode that is a negative-OAM or vice versa is propagated.

A first beam splitter for dividing the signal into two signal paths; And a first signal path through which the positive-OAM divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated; And a second signal path for propagating a positive-OAM polarized signal that is a negative-OAM divided in the signal or vice versa, and a second beam splitter for merging the divided signal paths, wherein each of the two signal paths May be control inversion gates having different polarization modes.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of a CNOT gate 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating a logical structure of a CNOT gate having a P-CNOT structure according to an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the logic of a CNOT gate according to one embodiment in an input / output manner.
FIG. 4 is a table showing output results of the control qubit and the target qubit in the CNOT gate according to one embodiment.
5 is a diagram illustrating a logical structure of a CNOT gate having an OAM-CNOT structure according to another embodiment.
6 shows the logic of the CNOT gate according to another embodiment in an input / output manner.
FIG. 7 is a table showing results output for each control qubit and target qubit in the CNOT gate according to another embodiment.
8 is a diagram showing a logical structure of a Hadamard gate according to another embodiment.
9 is a diagram illustrating a combination of a Hadamard gate and a CNOT gate according to an embodiment.

It is to be understood that the specific structural or functional descriptions of embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein are presented for the purpose of describing embodiments only in accordance with the concepts of the present invention, May be embodied in various forms and are not limited to the embodiments described herein.

Embodiments in accordance with the concepts of the present invention are capable of various modifications and may take various forms, so that the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, it is not intended to limit the embodiments according to the concepts of the present invention to the specific disclosure forms, but includes changes, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

The terms first, second, or the like may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms may be named for the purpose of distinguishing one element from another, for example without departing from the scope of the right according to the concept of the present invention, the first element being referred to as the second element, Similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. Expressions that describe the relationship between components, for example, "between" and "immediately" or "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, the terms " comprises ", or " having ", and the like, are used to specify one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, But do not preclude the presence or addition of steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning of the context in the relevant art and, unless explicitly defined herein, are to be interpreted as ideal or overly formal Do not.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of the patent application is not limited or limited by these embodiments. Like reference symbols in the drawings denote like elements.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of a CNOT gate 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The CNOT gate 100 according to one embodiment may be a radio wave OAM (Orbital Angular Momentum) -Polarization CNOT gate. The CNOT gate 100 may have a quantum gate CNOT structure with an input of an Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM). The CNOT gate 100 can use a mode having an orbital angular momentum in a light wave, a THz and an electromagnetic wave region for a quantum gate.

The CNOT gate 100 according to one embodiment may also have a P-CNOT structure. The P-CNOT structure includes (1) beam splitters 110 and 120, OAM-Pol, which divides the angular momentum and polarization mode of an incoming radio wave into two paths selectively. An OrthoMode Transducer (OMT) duplexer, and (2) a Spiral Phase Plate (SPP) or reflector structure or metamaterial structure to convert the OAM mode. The OAM-Pol and OMT duplexers can divide the polarization signal while maintaining the OAM of the incoming radio wave. Namely, the beam splitters 110 and 120 including the OAM-Pol and OMT duplexers convert input signals having V-polarized waves and H-polarized waves into (1) transmitted signals having H-polarized waves with the same OAM as the input signals, And (2) a reflected signal having a V-polarized wave with the same OAM as the input signal.

According to one embodiment, beam splitters 110 and 120 perform the same function, but may be in opposite directions. That is, the beam splitter 110 can divide the polarized wave signal into two signal paths according to polarization, and the beam splitter 120 can combine the signals of the first path and the signals of the second path, have. At this time, the order of the beam splitter may be reversed. Here, the beam splitter 110 may be referred to as a first beam splitter, and the beam splitter 120 may be referred to as a second beam splitter, or vice versa.

By way of example, the OAM-polarized signals passing through each of the two signal paths divided by the first beam splitter may have the same OAM. Alternatively, the OAM-polarized signal passing through each of the two signal paths may have different polarizations (V-polarized and H-polarized). As another example, the OAM-polarized signals passing through each of the two signal paths divided by the first beam splitter may have the same polarizations (V-polarized wave and H-polarized wave). Alternatively, the OAM-polarized signals passing through each of the two signal paths may have OAM-polarized signals (positive and negative - or even and Odd ') to each other.

The mode conversion element of the CNOT gate of the present invention is located on the second path and serves to change the mode of polarization (V-polarization and H-polarization) or OAM (positive and negative - or even and Odd '). The mode conversion element of the CNOT gate of the present invention may be implemented in various forms, for example, P / S, PDL, CGH, SLM, SPP structure, For example, W / G, CPW, TL, DOE, diffraction grating groove spacing, or metamaterial).

The CNOT gate 100 according to one embodiment may also have an OAM-CNOT structure. The OAM-CNOT structure includes (1) a Pol-OAM, an OMT (OrthoMode Transducer) duplexer that selectively divides the angular momentum and polarization mode of an incoming radio wave into two paths as beam splitters 110 and 120, . A phase shifter to convert the mode, or a 180 degree phase delay line (PDL) structure, or a reflector structure or a metamaterial structure. The Pol.-OAM OMT duplexer converts the Pol. The input signal can be divided into different Pol-OAM signals while maintaining the mode. That is, the beam splitter 110, 120 including the Pol.-OAM OMT duplexer converts an input signal having two different OAMs into (1) a transmitted signal having the same Pol. As the input signal and having one OAM mode ) And (2) the same polarity as the input signal and into a reflected signal having another OAM mode.

1, a CNOT gate 100, according to one embodiment, may include beam splitters 110 and 120 and a mode conversion element 130, for example, an SLM. The object mode (OAM or polarization mode) of the signal passing through the eye can be converted by the mode conversion element 130. [

More specifically, the signal input to the CNOT gate may be split into two signal paths by a beam splitter. The beam splitter can output the same OAM signal with two signal paths. The SLM can be placed in only one of the two signal paths. As the SLM is located in only one of the two signal paths, the OAM mode of the signal in the signal path in which the SLM is located and the OAM mode of the signal in the signal path in which the SLM is not placed may differ.

2 is a diagram illustrating a logical structure of a CNOT gate having a P-CNOT structure according to an embodiment.

The CNOT gate 100 in accordance with one embodiment may include two beam splitters 110 and 120. The beam splitters 110 and 120 may include an input signal (e.g., a signal, a propagation signal or a beam) It can be separated into two signals having a predetermined polarization ratio. When beam splitters 110 and 120 are optical beam splitters that separate a signal (e.g., beam), beam splitters 110 and 120 may be a Plate beam splitter or a Cube beam splitter. The beamsplitters 110 and 120 may separate the OAM and the polarized wave signal input to the CNOT gate 100 into a plurality of signals passing through two different paths. The separated plurality of signals may have different OAM and / or polarization.

According to one embodiment, the first beam splitter 110 of the CNOT gate 100 having the P-CNOT structure of FIG. 2 can convert the signal path of the OAM-polarized signal into (1) a signal input to the CNOT gate Polarized signal of the same OAM mode and (2) the H-polarized signal of the same OAM mode as the signal input to the CNOT gate.

That is, the path through which the signal is transmitted in the CNOT gate 100 having the P-CNOT structure can be divided into two paths in one path by the beam splitter 110.

The F (φ) and the mode conversion element (CGH, Computer-Generated Hologram, for example) in the other one of the two divided paths of the CNOT gate 100 having the P- (Here, OAM), which may include a spatial light modulator (SLM) structure or a transparent diffractive structure (e.g., diffraction grating groove spacing), or a metamaterial or reflector structure Can be configured.

The beam splitter 120 of the CNOT gate 100 having the P-CNOT structure has a V-Pol. (Polarization) signal and a H-polarized signal having a mode-converted OAM mode of the second path.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the logic of a CNOT gate according to one embodiment in an input / output manner.

FIG. 4 is a table showing output results of the control qubit and the target qubit in the CNOT gate according to one embodiment. The CNOT gate can receive control-qubits and target-qubits as inputs. Whether or not the target qubit is flipped depends on the state of the control qubit. For example, in a 2-qubit CNOT gate system, if the control input qubit is | 1>, the target qubit is inverted.

Therefore, when the state value of the control input is | 0>, the CNOT gate outputs the target input as it is. Therefore, when the state value of the control input is | 1>, the CNOT gate inverts the target input as a NOT gate and outputs the inverted input.

5 is a diagram illustrating a logical structure of a CNOT gate having an OAM-CNOT structure according to another embodiment. In the OAM-CNOT structure, the two beam splitters 110 and 120 transmit an OAM-polarized signal in accordance with the OAM mode to (1) an Even-OAM with the same polarization as the signal input to the CNOT gate and (2) Odd-OAM with the same polarized light as the input signal can divide one signal path into two signal paths or merge two signal paths into one signal path. The CNOT gate 100 having an OAM-CNOT structure may include a Dove Prism or a waveguide structure or a reflector structure composed of a Dove Prism.

The beam splitters 110 and 120 of the CNOT gate 100 having the OAM-CNOT structure of FIG. 5 according to one embodiment are, for example, Pol-OAM. OMT duplexer. The first beam splitter 110 of the CNOT gate 100 having the OAM-CNOT structure of FIG. 5 can divide the input signal by dividing only the OAM while maintaining the polarization (Pol.) Of the input signal. That is, the beam splitter 110 divides the signal path of the OAM-polarized signal, which is an input signal according to the polarization, into (1) a transmitted beam having positive-OAM with the same polarization as the input signal, and (2) And can be divided into a reflected beam having negative-OAM while having the same polarization.

That is, the signal path through which the signal is transmitted in the CNOT gate 100 having the OAM-CNOT structure can be divided into two signal paths in one signal path by the beam splitter 110.

The OAM-CNOT structure is divided into F (?) And a mode conversion element (e.g., a phase shifter and a phase delay line (PDL)) in the other of the two divided paths of the CNOT gate 100, (Here, V / H pol.), Which may include a phase shifter, or a 180 degree phase delay line (PDL) structure, or a transparent diffraction element structure (e.g., a diffraction grating groove spacing, etc.) or a meta-material or a reflector structure.

The beam splitter 120 of the CNOT gate 100 having the OAM-CNOT structure has the original Pol. Mode OAM signal and the mode-converted Pol of the second path. Mode is combined and output to a single signal path.

In summary, the CNOT gate 100 according to one embodiment may have a P-CNOT structure or an OAM-CNOT structure using the propagation orbiting angular momentum mode as a control input or a target input. OAM-Pol, OMT duplexer and / or Pol-OAM as described above. The OMT duplexer may be implemented by at least one of a metamaterial, a translucent material, a waveguide, or a circuit.

6 shows the logic of the CNOT gate according to another embodiment in an input / output manner.

FIG. 7 is a table showing results output for each control qubit and target qubit in the CNOT gate according to another embodiment. The CNOT gate can receive control-qubits and target-qubits as inputs. Whether or not the target qubit is flipped depends on the state of the control qubit. For example, in a 2-qubit CNOT gate system, if the control input qubit is | 1>, the target qubit is inverted.

Therefore, when the state value of the control input is | 0>, the CNOT gate outputs the target input as it is. Therefore, when the state value of the control input is | 1>, the CNOT gate inverts the target input as a NOT gate and outputs the inverted input.

8 is a diagram showing a logical structure of a Hadamard gate according to another embodiment.

를 출력할 수 있다. 상술한 바와 같이, 입력 큐빗의 값이 0인 경우, 하다마드(Hadamard) 게이트는 입력 큐빗과 입력을 반전시킨 큐빗을

의 확률적으로

출력할 수 있다. 또한, 입력 큐빗의 값이 1인 경우, 하다마드(Hadamard) 게이트는 입력 큐빗과 입력을 반전시킨 큐빗을

의 확률적으로

출력할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 8, a Hadamard gate may include an output port corresponding to an input qubit (| x >) port. The Hadamard gate is the result of adjusting the corresponding qubit (| y>) based on the input qubit (| x>) and the input qubit on the output port

Can be output. As described above, when the value of the input qubit is 0, the Hadamard gate outputs the input qubit and the qubit that inverts the input

Probabilistically

Can be output. In addition, when the value of the input qubit is 1, the Hadamard gate outputs the input qubit and the qubit that inverts the input

Probabilistically

Can be output.

Equation (1) is a matrix representation of the logic characteristics of a general Hadamard gate.

Equations (2) and (3) correspond to the Pol. Hadamard This is the logical expression of the gate.

Equations 4 and 5 show that Pol. Hadamard is a logical property expression that shows that the logic characteristic of the gate is established even when the input and output of Equations 2 and 3 are changed.

Equations (6) and (7) are logical expression expressions of the OAM Hadamard gate.

Equations (8) and (9) are logical expression expressions in which the logic characteristics of the OAM Hadamard gate are established even when the input and output of Equations (2) and (3) are changed.

는 입력 큐비트 상태 |0> 일때의 확률이고

는 입력 큐비트 상태 |1> 일때의 확률이다.Equations (10) and (11) are logical expression expressions in the case where the probability of a Hadamard gate has two inputs having different states. In Equations 10 and 11,

Is the probability of the input qubit state | 0>

Is the probability of input qubit state | 1>.

(12) is a matrix representation of the logical properties of a general control inversion (CNOT) gate.

는 입력 큐비트 상태

일때의 확률이고

는 입력 큐비트 상태

일때의 확률이다.

는 입력 큐비트 상태

일때의 확률이고

는 입력 큐비트 상태

일때의 확률이다.Equation (13) is a logical property expression expression in the case where the control inversion (CNOT) gate has an output of four states having different probabilities. In Equation 14,

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 >

The probability of

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 >

Is the probability of when.

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 >

The probability of

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 >

Is the probability of when.

9 is a diagram illustrating a combination of a Hadamard gate and a CNOT gate according to an embodiment.

According to one embodiment, the Hadamard gate and the CNOT gate are combined to form quantum entanglement or quantum gates (e.g., circuit QED field networks such as N-Qubit Gate, Toffoli gate, Quantum logic gate, A form in which the target and the control qubit input / output are reversed from the input / output of the gate).

For example, if the qubit state of the target gate signal is changed from OAM mode to - -, the qubit state of the target gate signal is changed from Even to Odd in the OAM mode, and the qubit state of the target gate signal is changed to In Polarization mode, V pol. → H pol. Or H pol. → V pol., The target qubit state of the CNOT gate signal of the present invention may be reversed.

In quantum computer technology, two integral quantum gates can be generated with the two-element technology of a CNOT gate and a 2-qubit gate. The CNOT gate according to an exemplary embodiment may input the angular momentum of movement (OAM) and may have a CNOT structure that is a core structure of the quantum logic gate.

That is, the CNOT gate according to one embodiment can receive the angular momentum of the wave trajectory. The CNOT gate may include a first beam splitter that divides the OAM-polarized signal into two signal paths and a second beam splitter that merges the two divided signal paths into one. The OAM-polarized signals passing through each of the two signal paths divided by the first beam splitter may have the same OAM. The OAM-polarized signal passing through each of the two signal paths may have different polarizations (V-polarized and H-polarized). The mode conversion element (e.g., CGH) of the CNOT gate may have a transparent SPP, reflector structure, or metamaterial structure.

According to another embodiment, the first beam splitter may make the OAM-mode of the OAM-polarized signal pass through each of the two signal paths different. For example, in the first beam splitter, the OAM mode of one signal path is a signal having an even-OAM of an OAM-polarized signal input to the CNOT gate, and the OAM mode of the other signal path is an OAM - Divide into a polarized signal with odd-OAM of polarized signal. The CNOT gate may include a Dove prism, or may include a waveguide structure or a reflector structure based on a Dove prism.

The components described in the embodiments may be implemented by a programmable logic device such as one or more DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a processor, a controller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a field programmable gate array Logic Element, other electronic devices, and combinations thereof. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > At least some of the functions or processes described in the embodiments may be implemented by software, and the software may be recorded in a recording medium. The components, functions and processes described in the embodiments may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software.

The apparatus described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the apparatus and components described in the embodiments may be implemented within a computer system, such as, for example, a processor, a controller, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , A programmable logic unit (PLU), a microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to execution of the software. For ease of understanding, the processing apparatus may be described as being used singly, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the processing apparatus may have a plurality of processing elements and / As shown in FIG. For example, the processing unit may comprise a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. Other processing configurations are also possible, such as a parallel processor.

The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing, and may be configured to configure the processing device to operate as desired or to process it collectively or collectively Device can be commanded. The software and / or data may be in the form of any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage media, or device , Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a transmitted signal wave. The software may be distributed over a networked computer system and stored or executed in a distributed manner. The software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.

The method according to an embodiment may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions to be recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI > or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

100: CNOT gate
110: first beam splitter
120: a second beam splitter
130: mode conversion element

Claims (11)

A control inversion gate for processing a signal,
A first beam splitter for dividing an input signal into two signal paths; And
A second beam splitter for merging the divided signal paths,
Lt; / RTI >
Wherein the first beam splitter comprises:
A control inversion gate for dividing the signal such that different polarized signals pass through each of the two signal paths.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first beam splitter comprises:
Said control inversion gate dividing said signal such that said different polarization signals have the same Orbital Angular Momentum.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the two signal paths comprise:
A first signal path through which the V-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated; And
And a second signal path through which the H-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated.
The method according to claim 1,
A first beam splitter for dividing the signal into two signal paths; And
A first signal path through which the V-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated; And
A second signal path through which the H-polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated,
A second beam splitter for merging the divided signal paths,
Lt; / RTI >
Signals passing through each of the two signal paths,
Control Inversion Gate with Different Orbital Angular Momentum Mode.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the two signal paths comprise:
a first signal path through which a first signal having an even-OAM mode propagates; And
The second signal path in which the second signal having the odd-OAM mode propagates
/ RTI >
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first beam splitter comprises:
Said control inversion gate dividing said signal such that said different polarized signals have the same polarization.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the two signal paths comprise:
a first signal path through which a first signal having an odd-OAM mode that is even-OAM or vice versa propagates; And
a second signal path in which a second signal having an even-OAM mode in which odd-OAM or vice versa is propagated
/ RTI >
The method according to claim 1,
A first beam splitter for dividing the signal into two signal paths; And
A first signal path through which an even-OAM polarized signal divided in the signal or an odd-OAM polarized signal in the opposite direction propagates; And
And a second signal path through which an odd-OAM polarized signal divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated,
A second beam splitter for merging the divided signal paths,
Lt; / RTI >
Signals passing through each of the two signal paths,
Control Inversion Gate with Different Polarization Mode.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the two signal paths comprise:
A first signal path through which a first signal having an H mode that is V or vice versa propagates; And
A second signal path in which a second signal having a V mode, which is H or vice versa,
/ RTI >
The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the two signal paths comprise:
a first signal path through which a first signal having a positive-OAM or vice versa in a negative-OAM mode propagates; And
a second signal path in which a second signal having a positive-OAM mode, which is a negative-OAM or its inverse,
/ RTI >
The method according to claim 6,
A first beam splitter for dividing the signal into two signal paths; And
A first signal path through which a positive-OAM divided in the signal, or vice versa, is propagated; And
And a second signal path through which a positive-OAM polarized signal, which is a negative-OAM divided in the signal or vice versa, is propagated,
A second beam splitter for merging the divided signal paths,
Lt; / RTI >
Signals passing through each of the two signal paths,
Control Inversion Gate with Different Polarization Mode.

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