KR20190072042A - Unidirectional emergency braking apparatus for elevators - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, a unidirectional emergency braking system for elevators comprises of: a brake unit (300) in which an upper plate (210) is fixedly coupled to both sides of the bottom surface of a cage (C) of the elevator, and is transportably coupled to a middle plate (230) fixed between the upper plate (210) and the lower plate (220), and rubs a brake shoe (360) against a guide rail (G); a support spring (370) in which a body (310) of the brake unit (300) elastically supports in the direction of maintaining an original position; and a reaction force spring (390) which elastically supports the brake shoe (360) of the brake unit (300) so as to correspond to the direction of the elastic force of the support spring (370). The present invention can simplify and minimize the structure of the emergency braking device since the emergency braking device is configured to allow the emergency braking of the cage only when the cage rapidly falls. Accordingly, the number of parts necessary for installing the emergency braking device can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the cage and an installation cost of the emergency braking device.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION [0002] Unidirectional emergency braking apparatus for elevators [

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an emergency braking device for an elevator, and more particularly, to a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator in which a rail brake for emergency braking a cage is operated in one direction of a guide rail.

A conventional emergency braking device for an elevator is provided for preventing the cage from suddenly moving upward and downward. The emergency braking device is provided on a cage or a balance weight of an elevator and has an inclined surface and a pressing surface A pusher movably provided between the inclined surface of the holder and the guide rail and an electric signal outputted when the speed detector senses an abnormal movement of the elevator car, And a solenoid for separating the pressurizing member from the guide rail during normal operation and pushing the pressurizing member between the inclined surface and the guide rail during the braking operation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

A loop governor rope having two governors at each of its upper and lower portions and circulating along with raising and lowering of the cage and an upper sheave rotated by the upper portion of the governor rope and rotated by the circulation of the governor rope, An upper governor for detecting an overspeed when the cage is traveling and restricting the governor rope to operate the emergency stop device; a lower sheave having a lower end portion of the governor rope wound and rotated by circulation of the governor rope; And a lower governor for detecting an overspeed to restrain the governor rope to operate the emergency stop device (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

To detect the overspeed of both upper and lower directions of the cage using only the upper governor, there are provided an upper sheave serving also as a flywheel, a lower sheave shaft-supported by the tension weight, a governor rope hung between the upper sheave and the lower sheave, A flywheel having a claw portion protruding in a radially outward direction and rotatably point-symmetrically disposed on the upper sheave; a speed switch tripper slidingly contacting the claw portion of the flywheel provided in the upper sheave; An overspeed detecting switch operating as a swing of the tripper for overspeed switching, a pair of operating links symmetrically disposed with the upper sheave therebetween, a trip link having a tripper for rope grip, and a movable jaw a fixed jaw which stops between the governor rope and the movable jaw, and a fixed jaw which is connected to the governor rope, Is provided with a actuating lever connected to the operation link mechanism has been known (for example, see Patent Document 3).

A rail for guiding a cage in a hoistway and a detecting means for detecting breakage or loosening of a rope for hanging a cage are provided for emergency stopping the cage when breakage or loosening occurs in a rope which hangs the cage of the elevator. A roller which rotates with the descent of the cage in contact with the rail when the detecting means detects the breakage or loosening of the rope, a girth which is provided coaxially with the roller and rotates together with the roller, A winding rope which is fixed at one end of the winding rope and is wound around the hoop along with the rotation of the roller, and a winding rope provided at the other end of the winding rope, displacing the position in accordance with winding of the winding rope, And stopping the descent of the elevator car.

However, in the conventional emergency braking device for an elevator shown in Patent Document 1, since the emergency stop device is operated by an electromagnetic actuator (solenoid) which operates by inputting an electric signal provided in the cage, When the emergency braking system is activated by a failure of the actuating means (electronic actuator) in the middle layer between the platform and the platform, it is necessary to move the cage to the nearest platform and rescue the passenger, , There is a problem that it takes a long time to rescue, which may increase anxiety of a passenger.

In the structure disclosed in Patent Document 2, since the governor is provided on each of the upper portion and the lower portion of the hoistway, the problem is that the cost is increased by providing two governors, and that both of the upper governor and the lower governor (In a state in which the operating claws of both governors are in engagement with the ratchet), it is necessary to return the governors of both the upper and lower governors to each other, which takes time and labor.

On the other hand, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3, the overspeed of both upper and lower directions of the cage is detected by one governor provided on the upper portion of the hoistway. In this case, when the emergency stop is activated when the cage is elevated, The tension of the governor rope gripped acts as the emergency braking mechanism of the cage through the tension pulley under the hoistway. Since the tension pulley is provided so as to be movable up and down so as to obtain a predetermined tension by the tension weight, the tension pulley is locked to prohibit the up-down movement during the emergency stop operation.

Therefore, there is an allowable range of the locking mechanism for preventing the elastic deformation of the governor rope or the upward movement of the tension pulley because of a long distance from the position where the governor rope is gripped to the emergency stop mechanism, If the cage does not move to a distance obtained by adding the amount of elastic deformation and the allowable range of the lock mechanism after the upper governor grasps the governor rope, the emergency stop does not work and there is a problem that operation delay occurs.

International Publication No. 2003/008317 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-120979 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-046955 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-059649

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to simplify the structure of a rail brake for emergency braking of a cage, There is provided a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator capable of preventing deformation of a guide rail by providing an elastic force opposite to a pressing force of a wedge in a direction opposite to a guide rail when the guide rail is pressed in one direction.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to the above-mentioned object, the upper plate is fixedly coupled to both sides of the cage bottom surface of the elevator, and the upper plate is coupled to the middle plate fixed between the upper plate and the lower plate so that the brake shoes can be conveyed to the guide rails And a reaction spring for elastically supporting the brake shoe of the brake unit so as to correspond to the direction of the elastic force of the support spring, Wherein the brake unit comprises: a body coupled to the coupling hole of the middle plate and having a rail groove formed at the center thereof; A roller guide fixed to one side of the rail groove and inclined so that a surface facing the guide rail gradually protrudes toward an upper end; A guide roller which moves in a rolling manner along an inclined surface while being in contact with an inclined surface of the roller guide; A wedge stacked on one side of the guide rollers and moving along the slope along with the guide rollers to press the guide rails; A guide plate provided so as to cover a front surface of the wedge and having a guide groove for guiding a guide pin protruding from the wedge; And a brake shoe which is protruded from the other surface of the body of the body and rubbed against the other surface of the guide rail. The coupling hole formed in the middle plate has a long, elongated shape formed in the longitudinal direction of the middle plate, The body is fastened to the middle plate by a bolt passing through the coupling hole. A ring having a diameter equal to the width of the coupling hole is inserted into the coupling hole while being fastened to the bolt, Wherein the reaction force spring is fixedly attached to one surface of the brake shoe while the upper and lower edges of the reaction force spring are fixed to the upper and lower edges of the brake shoe, A first leaf spring which is engaged with upper and lower edges of the groove to formly restore the brake shoes, Further comprising a second leaf spring for resiliently supporting the brake shoe so as to correspond to a pressing force applied to the brake shoe while being drawn into a spring inflow groove formed adjacent to the brake shoe inflow groove, to provide.

Preferably, the brake shoe and the first leaf spring may be coupled by a fastening plate stacked on a surface of the first spring, and a fastening screw for successively passing through the fastening plate and the first spring and the brake shoe.

Preferably, the spacer may further include a cylindrical spacer interposed between the upper and lower edge portions of the spring receiving groove and the second leaf spring.

According to the present invention, since the emergency braking device is configured so as to enable the emergency braking of the cage only when the cage suddenly falls and falls, the structure of the emergency braking device can be simplified and minimized, There is an effect that the weight of the cage can be reduced and the installation cost of the emergency braking device can be reduced.

In addition, since the reaction force corresponding to the pressing force acting in one direction of the guide rail is applied, the force acting on the guide rail is balanced so that the deformation of the guide rail can be prevented beforehand, There is an effect that can be.

Fig. 1 is an installation state diagram of a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention. Fig.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a principal part of a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention. Fig.
3 is a front view of a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a plan view and a rear view of Fig. 3
5 is a block diagram of a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention
6 is an operational state diagram of a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention,
7 is an operating state of the unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention,

Hereinafter, a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms, and the inventor should appropriately interpret the concepts of the terms appropriately It should be interpreted in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the technical ideas of the present invention are described. Therefore, It should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may be present.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing the body structure of the unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention, Fig. 6 is a view showing the operating state of the unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention Fig. 7 is a state after braking as an operating state of the unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator according to the present invention. Fig.

1 to 7, the unidirectional emergency braking apparatus 100 for an elevator according to the present invention includes a middle plate 230 provided between upper and lower plates 210 and 220 and a brake unit 300 .

4, the middle plate 230 has a "C" shape in a plan view and is fixed between an upper plate 210 and a lower plate 220, and the upper plate 210 is fixed to a cage C on both sides of the bottom surface.

A coupling hole 231 is formed on the front surface of the middle plate 230 so that the brake unit 300 is coupled to the middle plate 230. The coupling hole 231 allows the brake unit 300 to be horizontally extended .

3 to 7, the brake unit 300 includes a body 310, a roller guide 320, and a guide roller 330, which frictionally engage the brake shoe with the guide rail G, A wedge 340, a guide plate 350, and a brake shoe 360.

5, the body 310 is movably coupled to the coupling hole 231 of the middle plate 230 by a predetermined distance, and a guide rail G is passed through the center of the body 310 A rail guide groove 312 is formed at one side (left side in the figure) of the rail groove 311 in which the roller guide 320 is inserted and the other side of the rail groove 311 (Right side in the figure), a brake shoe inlet groove 313 into which the brake shoe 360 is inserted is formed.

The coupling hole 231 formed in the middle plate 230 has a slot shape that is transversely elongated in the longitudinal direction of the middle plate and the body 310 is fastened by the bolts 232. Therefore, the body 310 can be moved within the length of the long hole 231.

4, a ring 233 is inserted into the coupling hole 231, and the inner circumferential surface of the ring 233 is fastened by the bolt 232. The outer diameter of the ring 233 is formed to be the same as the width of the coupling hole 231, and the height of the ring may be such that the body 310 does not hinder the sliding movement of the body. Therefore, when the body 310 is moved along the engaging hole 231, the ring 233 maintains a proper gap, so that stable movement is possible.

The roller guide 320 is inserted into the roller guide inlet groove 312 of the body 310 and has a sloped surface 321 which is gradually protruded toward one side, that is, a surface facing the guide rail G And the inclined surface 321 serves as a seating surface and a sliding surface of the guide roller 330.

The guide roller 330 is slid along the slope surface 321 while being mounted on the slope surface 321 of the roller guide 320 composed of a plurality of rollers.

The wedge 340 is installed on the guide roller 330 so as to be movable along the inclined surface 321 together with the guide roller 330. A step is formed in the lower part of the slope 321 to restrict the movement distance of the guide roller 330. [

Here, the wedge 340 is limited in its degree of elevation by the upper end of the roller guide inlet groove 312.

The guide plate 350 serves to seal the roller guide inlet groove 312. A guide groove 351 having the same inclination as that of the inclined surface 321 of the roller guide 320 is formed on the front surface of the guide plate 350, The guide groove 341 provided in the wedge 340 is inserted into the groove 351 to guide the upward and downward movement of the wedge 340 and to prevent the wedge 340 from being released to the outside .

The brake shoe 360 is inserted into the brake shoe recess groove 313 of the body 310 and protrudes from the other surface of the guide rail groove 311 of the body 310, It rubs against the surface.

Meanwhile, the brake unit 300 is provided with a support spring 370 that elastically supports the body 310 in a direction in which the body 310 maintains the original position.

That is, the fixing plate 240 is bolted to the inside of the front surface of the middle plate 230 together with the body 310, and the supporting springs 370 are mounted on the fixing plate 240. Since the support spring 370 is in contact with the inner side of the side surface of the middle plate 230 in a state of elasticity, the support spring 370 applies an elastic force to continuously push the body 310 toward the guide rail G, And restoring the transferred body 310 back to its original position.

A reinforcing plate 380 may be interposed between the roller guide 320 and the roller guide receiving groove 312 of the body 310. The reinforcing plate 380 serves as a washer when the roller guide 320 is bolted to the inner wall of the roller guide inlet groove 312, thereby maintaining the fastening force and supporting the roller guide 320 in its entirety, The guide 320 is also prevented from being damaged.

In addition, the present invention further includes a reaction force spring 390 for elastically supporting the brake shoes 360 of the brake unit 300 so as to correspond to the direction of the elastic force of the support spring 370.

The reaction force spring 390 is fixedly attached to one surface of the brake shoe 360 while the upper and lower edge portions 391a and 391b are engaged with the brake shoe 360 of the body 310, And a first leaf spring 391 which is engaged with the upper and lower edges of the groove 313 to formly restore the brake shoes 360.

The reaction force spring 390 corresponds to a pressing force applied to the brake shoe 360 while being drawn into a spring entry groove 314 formed adjacent to the brake shoe entry groove 313 of the body 310 And a second leaf spring 392 for resiliently supporting the brake shoe 360.

The reaction force spring 390 has a configuration that takes into consideration that there is a fear that the guide rail G is bent due to the unidirectional load that the wedge 340 presses the guide rail G from left to right in the drawing, The guide rail G can be prevented from being deformed in advance by elastically supporting the guide rail G from the other side.

In particular, since the second leaf spring 392 elastically supports the rear surface of the brake shoe 360, the shape of the brake shoe can be reliably restored by the restoring force when the stress is concentrated on a specific portion of the brake shoe 360 The ground contact area with the guide rail G can be always kept constant.

The brake shoes 360 and the first leaf spring 391 are fastened to the surfaces of the fastening plate 361 and the first leaf spring 391 and the brake shoe 360 And is fastened by fastening screws 362 which are successively threaded through.

A cylindrical spacer 393 may be interposed between the upper and lower edge portions of the second plate spring 392 and the spring receiving groove 314.

Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the present invention will be described in detail.

When an emergency situation such as a rapid descent and a fall of the cage C occurs in the structure of the elevator in which the unidirectional emergency braking device 100 for an elevator of the present invention is installed, a rope R connected to the governor 10 shown in Fig. 1 The cage C is stopped and the cage C is continuously lowered so that the link (not shown) connected to the lower end of the wedge 340 rushes upward due to the weight of the cage C as shown in Fig. 7, The wedge 340 is quickly slidably moved upwardly along one side of the guide roller 330.

The wedge 340 is interposed between the guide roller 330 and the guide rail G so that the guide rail 330 can be moved to the guide rail G gradually. The guide pin 341 at the center of the wedge 340 is caught by the guide groove 351 so that the wedge 340 is not excessively moved upward and the guide rail G1 Can be pressed.

Due to this pressing action, the body 310 coupled to the coupling hole 231 of the middle plate 230 is transferred in the lateral direction by a predetermined distance. 7, the guide rail G is strongly rubbed against the wedge 340 and the brake shoe 360 provided at both sides of the body 310, so that the emergency car brakes the emergency descending and falling elevator car quickly It is.

Accordingly, the unidirectional emergency braking device 100 for an elevator of the present invention allows the wedge 340 and the brake shoe 360 to be strongly rubbed against the guide rail G in accordance with the upward movement of the wedge 340, It is possible to stop quickly.

In particular, the unidirectional emergency braking device for an elevator of the present invention constitutes an emergency stop device so that the cage C can be stopped only in a case where the cage C is suddenly descended and falls, so that the structure of the emergency stop device is simplified And minimized. That is, when the cage (C) dives, the elevator car is stopped by a braking device such as a rope brake device connected to a safety switch of the governor. Therefore, in the emergency braking device of the present invention, an unnecessary emergency braking device I have not installed it.

Therefore, since the structure of the emergency braking device can be simplified, the number of parts required for installing the emergency braking device can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the elevator car and reducing the installation cost of the emergency stop device.

The unidirectional emergency braking device 100 for an elevator according to the present invention further includes a reaction spring 390 for elastically supporting the brake shoe 360 of the brake unit 300 so as to correspond to the direction of the elastic force of the support spring 370 The guide rail G is elastically supported on the other side in correspondence with the pressing force of the wedge 340 when the wedge 340 presses the guide rail G from the left to the right in the figure, It is possible to prevent warped shape deformation caused by the unidirectional load acting on the arm.

In addition, since the second leaf spring 392 supports the rear surface of the brake shoe 360 as a whole, the shape of the brake shoe can be restored by the restoring force when the stress is concentrated on a specific portion of the brake shoe 360 So that the ground contact area with the guide rail G can always be kept constant, thereby ensuring the reliability of braking.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. It will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

100: unidirectional emergency braking device for elevator 210: upper plate
220: lower plate 300: brake unit
310: Body 320: Roller guide
330: guide roller 340: wedge
350: Guide plate 360: Brake shoe
390: reaction force spring 391: first leaf spring
392: second leaf spring 393: spacer

Claims (5)

The upper plate 210 is fixedly coupled to both sides of the bottom surface of the cage C of the elevator while being conveyably coupled to the middle plate 230 fixed between the upper plate 210 and the lower plate 220, 360 to the guide rail G,
A support spring 370 elastically supporting the body 310 of the brake unit 300 in a direction in which the body 310 maintains the original position,
And a reaction force spring (390) for elastically supporting the brake shoe (360) of the brake unit (300) so as to correspond to the direction of the elastic force of the support spring (370).
The method according to claim 1,
The brake unit 300 includes a body 310 having a rail groove 311 formed at the center thereof to be coupled to the coupling hole 231 of the middle plate 230. A roller guide 320 fixed to one side of the rail groove 311 and inclined so that the surface facing the guide rail G gradually protrudes toward the upper end; A guide roller (330) rolling along the slope (321) in contact with the slope of the roller guide; A wedge (340) which is stacked on one side of the guide roller and moves along the slope (321) together with a guide roller to press the guide rail (G); A guide plate 350 installed to cover the front surface of the wedge and having a guide groove 351 for guiding a guide pin 341 protruding from the wedge 340; And a brake shoe (360) protruded from the other surface of the rail groove (311) of the body (310) and rubbing against the other surface of the guide rail (G).
The method according to claim 1,
The coupling hole 231 formed in the middle plate 230 has a transverse elongated slot shape formed in the longitudinal direction of the middle plate and the body 310 has a bolt 232 passing through the coupling hole 231, The body 310 has a diameter equal to the width of the coupling hole 231 while being fastened to the bolt 232 in the coupling hole 231, Wherein the ring (233) is inserted so that the body (310) is smoothly and stably transported when the body (310) is transported within the range of the coupling hole (231).
The method according to claim 1,
The upper and lower edge portions 391a and 391b of the reaction spring 390 are fixed to one surface of the brake shoe 360 while the upper and lower edge portions 391a and 391b are engaged with the brake shoe 360 of the body 310, A first leaf spring 391 which is hooked on the upper and lower edges of the inlet groove 313 and which restores the brake shoes 360 in a form of a shape and is adjacent to the brake shoe inlet groove 313 of the body 310 And a second leaf spring (392) for elastically supporting the brake shoe (360) so as to correspond to a pressing force applied to the brake shoe (360) while being drawn into the spring inflow groove (314) Braking device.
The method of claim 4,
The brake shoe 360 and the first leaf spring 391 are connected to each other by a fastening plate 361 stacked on the surface of the first spring and a fastening plate 361 fastened to the fastening plate and the first leaf spring 391 and the brake shoe 360 And a cylindrical spacer 393 interposed between the upper and lower edge portions 391a and 391b of the second leaf spring 392. The cylindrical spacer 393 Further comprising: an unillustrated emergency braking device for an elevator.

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