KR20190066284A - nanostructured supercapacitor and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a nanostructured supercapacitor and a manufacturing method therefor. According to one embodiment, the nanostructured supercapacitor includes a current collector having a surface provided with a plurality of conductive nanostructures, and an electrode including an electrode active material electrically connected to the current collector. The electrode further includes an electrolyte which is in contact with the electrode active material. The electrolyte includes a gel-like electrolyte. The electrode active material is provided in a space among the plurality of nanostructures. The electrode active material includes a multi-layer structure. In another embodiment, a nanostructured supercapacitor manufacturing method includes an electrode preparation process for preparing an electrode wherein the electrode preparation process includes a process of preparing a current collector having a plurality of conductive nanostructures, and a process of preparing an electrode active material in a space among the plurality of nanostructures. The electrode preparation process further includes a process of preparing an electrolyte which is in contact with the electrode active material. The electrolyte includes a gel-like electrolyte. A technique proposed in the present specification, which utilizes the current collector having a surface on which the plurality of nanostructures are prepared, can provide a technique related to the supercapacitor in which a surface area of the current collector is substantially increased through the nanostructure and the capacitance is increased through a bypass function of the plurality of nanostructures.

Description

≪ Desc / Clms Page number 1 > Nanostructured supercapacitor and method &

The present invention relates to a supercapacitor and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a supercapacitor having a nanostructure including a current collector and an electrode active material having a surface provided with a plurality of conductive nanostructures, .

In general, a capacitor is one of important components constituting an electronic circuit as a component used for blocking direct current or for storing electricity. The capacitors have a structure of two electrode plates facing each other.

Supercapacitor is a part used for the purpose of battery by strengthening the function of storing electricity among functions of capacitors. That is, a super capacitor is a capacitor having a very large capacitance, and may be referred to as an Ultra Capacitor, an Ultra High Capacity Capacitor, or an Electrochemical Capacitor.

Unlike a battery using a chemical reaction, a supercapacitor uses a charge phenomenon by simple ion movement or surface chemical reaction to an electrode and an electrolyte interface. As a result, it can be used as a secondary battery or a battery replacement due to its rapid charge / discharge, high charge / discharge efficiency and semi-permanent cycle life.

In particular, supercapacitors are suitable as portable, lightweight power sources that can be applied to small electronic devices such as small robots, wearable electronic devices, and implantable medical devices. In order to use such a miniaturized application, supercapacitors are being studied in the form of rolling up a thin film, or in the form of a thin film of active material deposited through a micropattern technique.

However, there is a problem such that the manufacturing method and the micro patterning method take much time for fabrication, there is a restriction on the enlargement, and the metal material is cracked. Prior art relating to a super capacitor includes Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2010-0086742 " Super Capacitor and its Manufacturing Method ". The prior art is an invention relating to a supercapacitor in which leakage of an electrolyte is removed by using a polymer electrolyte rather than a liquid electrolyte. The conventional technology has a limitation in enlargement, and there is a problem that the metal material is cracked by various various deformations.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a nonvolatile memory device having a surface having a plurality of nanostructures, The present invention proposes a technology for a supercapacitor which can solve the problem that the metal material is split due to various deformation.

In one embodiment, a nanostructured supercapacitor is disclosed. The nanostructured supercapacitor includes an electrode including a current collector having a surface provided with a plurality of conductive nanostructures and an electrode active material electrically connected to the current collector.

The electrode may further include an electrolyte that contacts the electrode active material.

The electrolyte may include a gel-like electrolyte.

The electrode active material may be provided in a space between the plurality of nanostructures.

The electrode active material may include a multi-layer structure.

For example, the nanostructured supercapacitor may include a plurality of the electrodes. Electrodes opposing each other among a plurality of electrodes, hereinafter referred to as a first electrode and a second electrode, may have a twisted shape. The electrolyte of the first electrode and the electrolyte of the second electrode may be in contact with each other in the course of the first electrode and the second electrode being twisted with each other. As another example, a nanostructured supercapacitor may include a plurality of the electrodes. The nanostructured supercapacitor may further include an electrolyte disposed between opposing electrodes of the plurality of electrodes, hereinafter referred to as a third electrode and a fourth electrode. The electrolyte may contact the electrode active material of the third electrode and the electrode active material of the fourth electrode.

The nanostructured supercapacitor may further include a conductor connecting the electrode active material to each other. In this case, the electrode active material may include a multi-layer structure, and the conductor may connect the electrode active materials of the multi-layer structure to each other.

On the other hand, the supercapacitor having a nanostructure may further include a dielectric provided in the electrode active material. In this case, the electrode active material includes a multi-layer structure, and the conductor connects the electrode active materials contained in each layer of the electrode active material of the multi-layer structure to each other, May be provided at the abutting portion.

In another embodiment, a method of fabricating a nanostructured supercapacitor is disclosed. The nanostructured supercapacitor manufacturing method may include an electrode preparation process for preparing an electrode. In this case, the electrode preparation process includes preparing a current collector having a plurality of conductive nanostructures, and preparing an electrode active material in a space between the plurality of nanostructures.

The electrode preparation process may further include preparing an electrolyte that contacts the electrode active material. The electrolyte may include a gel-like electrolyte.

The nanostructured supercapacitor may further include a capacitor fabricating step of fabricating a fiber-type capacitor by twisting electrodes prepared through the electrode preparation process.

In this case, the nanostructured supercapacitor manufacturing method may further include the step of providing an electrolyte in the fiber-type capacitor.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor having a nanostructure, the method including fabricating a capacitor by providing an electrolyte between opposing electrodes among a plurality of electrodes prepared through the electrode preparation process. In this case, the electrolyte may contact the electrode active materials of the electrodes facing each other.

In addition, a method of fabricating a super-capacitor having a nanostructure may further include a step of providing a conductor connecting the electrode active material to each other. In this case, the nanostructured supercapacitor manufacturing method may further include the step of providing an additional electrode active material on the electrode active material provided with the conductor. In this case, the nanostructured supercapacitor may further include a step of providing a dielectric material at a portion where the electrode active material and the additional electrode active material are in contact with each other.

The nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in the present specification and its manufacturing method include a plurality of nanostructures provided on the surface of a current collector and accommodating an electrode active material in a space between a plurality of nanostructures, . Thus, it is possible to provide a large-capacity supercapacitor with a relatively small volume.

In addition, the nanostructured supercapacitor and the method of manufacturing the same disclosed in the present specification utilize a current collector provided on a surface of a plurality of nanostructures, so that electrons generated in an electrode active material laminated with each other are not passed through an adjacent electrode active material, So that it can be smoothly moved directly to the whole. In addition to the effect of reducing the internal impedance of the electrode, the capacitance due to the electric double layer provided in the electrode active material can be connected to the direct current collector rather than being connected to the current collector via the electric double layer provided in the adjacent electrode active material It is possible to provide an effect of parallel connection instead of a series connection of capacitors, thereby providing a dramatic increase in capacitance.

In addition, the nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in the present specification and its manufacturing method can be manufactured in the form of a fiber in which the current collector is located at the center, thereby providing the effect that the problem of the metal material being split due to various various deformations can be solved .

The foregoing provides only a selective concept in a simplified form as to what is described in more detail hereinafter. The present disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of the claims or limit the scope of essential features or essential features of the claims.

1 is a view for explaining the concept of an electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC).
FIGS. 2 and 3 are views for explaining the role of a plurality of nanostructures of a nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in the present specification.
4 is a view showing an example of a structure and a manufacturing method of an electrode of a supercapacitor of a nanostructure disclosed in the present specification.
5 is a view showing an example of a structure and a manufacturing method of a super-capacitor of a nanostructure disclosed in this specification.
6 is a SEM photograph showing a nanostructure of a nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in this specification.
FIG. 7 is a SEM photograph showing an accumulation of an electrode active material between nanostructures of a nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in this specification. FIG.
8 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor of nanostructure disclosed in this specification.
9 is a flow chart illustrating another example of a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor of nanostructure disclosed in this specification.

Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in this specification will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The exemplary embodiments described above in the detailed description, the drawings, and the claims are not intended to be limiting, and other embodiments may be utilized, and other variations are possible without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosed technology. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the components of the present disclosure, that is, the components generally described herein and illustrated in the figures, may be arranged, arranged, combined, or arranged in a variety of different configurations, all of which are expressly contemplated, As shown in FIG. In the drawings, the width, length, thickness or shape of an element, etc. may be exaggerated in order to clearly illustrate the various layers (or films), regions and shapes.

When one component is referred to as being "prepared" with another component, it may include a case where the one component is provided directly to the other component as well as a case where an additional component is interposed therebetween.

When one component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it may include a case where the one component is directly connected to the other component as well as a case where additional components are interposed therebetween.

When one element is referred to as being "formed" to another element, it may include the case where the one element is formed directly on the other element, as well as the case where additional elements are interposed therebetween.

The description of the disclosed technique is merely an example for structural or functional explanation and the scope of the disclosed technology should not be construed as being limited by the embodiments described in the text. That is, the embodiments are to be construed as being variously embodied and having various forms, so that the scope of the rights of the disclosed technology should be understood to include equivalents capable of realizing the technical ideas.

It is to be understood that the singular " include " or " have " are to be construed as including the stated feature, number, step, operation, It is to be understood that the combination is intended to specify that it is present and not to preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

All terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the disclosed technology belongs, unless otherwise defined. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted to be consistent with meaning in the context of the relevant art and can not be construed as having ideal or overly formal meaning unless expressly defined in the present application.

Prior to describing the nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in this specification, the principles utilized by the techniques disclosed herein will be briefly described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3.

The concept of an electric double layer capacitor will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the concept of an electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC).

The electric double layer is a theory for describing the distribution of ions on the surface of an object when a charged object is placed in an electrolyte. Helmholtz was discovered for the first time in the 1800s and is said to have claimed it. According to the theory, when a charged metal plate is in an electrolyte solution, the corresponding ions of the electrolyte form a charge layer which is arranged in a line on the surface of the metal plate to neutralize the charge of the metal plate, thereby distinguishing it from the electrolyte layer. This is called an electric double layer. Since there is no free charge between the electric double layers, this layer serves as a capacitor, and a capacitor using the electric double layer capacitor is called an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC). The electric double layer capacitor is composed of two electrode plates (current collector) 110 separated by a separator and an electrolyte 140 filling between the two electrode plates 110. The separator enables the movement of the electrolyte 140 or ions and at the same time prevents the electrical shorting of the two electrode plates 110. The electrolyte 140 takes a form in which cations and anions are dissolved in a polar solvent in a mixed form. Due to the polar solvent, cations and anions are dissolved in the solvent. The electrode plate 110 is charged and the ions dissolved in the electrolyte 140 are applied to the surfaces of the two electrode plates 110 according to the polarities of the two electrode plates 110 Thereby forming an electric double layer. The electric double layer capacitor uses charging between the electrode plate 110 and the electrolyte layer 140 instead of using charging between the two electrode plates 110. The distance between the electrode plate 110 and the electrolyte layer 140 is an angstrom unit through which the electric double layer capacitor can provide a large capacitance.

In order to increase capacitance, an electric double layer capacitor generally includes a current collector 110 as an electrode and an electrode active material 130 provided on a surface of the current collector 110 as illustrated in FIG. . In this case, the electric double layer is formed not only on the surface of the current collector 110 but also on the surface of the electrode active material 130. The capacitance due to the electric double layer formed on the surface of the current collector 110 and the surface of the electrode active material 130 can be interpreted as being electrically connected in parallel with each other. That is, the total electrostatic capacity of the electric double layer capacitor can be interpreted as the sum of the electrostatic capacity by the electric double layer formed on the surface of the current collector 110 and the electrostatic capacity by the electric double layer formed on the surface of the electrode active material 130 . Accordingly, by providing the electrode active material 130 having a large surface area on the surface of the current collector 110, a larger electrostatic capacity can be obtained. As the electrode active material 130, carbon materials such as porous activated carbon, carbon nanotube (CNT) and the like are widely used. These carbon materials have a large effective area per unit weight, and have good electrical conductivity, which is widely used for increasing the capacitance of electric double layer capacitors.

As shown by way of example in FIG. 1, the electric double layer capacitor can be conceptualized as two electric double layer capacitors connected in series with each other through a resistor caused by a separator. For convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the electrical resistance of the resistor is assumed to be negligible, and that the capacitances of the respective electric double layer capacitors have the same value C_ELDC. In this case, the total capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor having the configuration of FIG. 1 has a value of C_ELDC / 2.

Hereinafter, the role of a plurality of nanostructures 120 (e.g., a nanoneedle) of a nanostructured supercapacitor 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIGS. 2 and 3 are views for explaining the role of the plurality of nanostructures 120 of the nanostructured supercapacitor 10 disclosed in this specification.

First, referring to FIG. 2, the role of the plurality of nanostructures 120 of the nanostructured supercapacitor 10 will be described. 2 (a) is a conceptual diagram of a conventional electric double layer capacitor. FIG. 2 (b) is a conceptual diagram of an electric double layer capacitor using a current collector provided on the surface of a plurality of nanostructures proposed by the present technology.

2, a conventional electric double layer capacitor includes a current collector 110, an electrode active material 130, an electrolyte 140, and a separator as shown in FIG. 2 (a) can do. The capacitance of a conventional electric double layer capacitor is determined by an electric double layer formed between the current collector 110 and the electrolyte 140 and an electric double layer formed between the electrode active material 130 and the electrolyte 140.

An electric double layer capacitor including a plurality of nanostructures 120 disclosed in this specification as an example in FIG. 2 (b) includes a current collector 110 having a plurality of conductive nanostructures 120 provided on its surface, An electrode active material 130, an electrolyte 140, and a separator. The capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor using the current collector 110 provided on the surface of the plurality of nanostructures 120 is determined by the electric double layer formed between the current collector 110 and the electrolyte 140 and the electrode active material 130, Is determined not only by the electric double layer formed between the electrolyte 140 but also by the electric double layer formed between the plurality of nanostructures 120 and the electrolyte 140.

Suppose that the electric double layer capacitor of FIG. 2 (a) and the electric double layer capacitor of (b) are the same condition except for the plurality of nanostructures 120. In this case, the plurality of nanostructures 120 provide an effect of a substantial increase in the surface area of the current collector 110. Therefore, the technique disclosed in the present specification utilizing the current collector 110 provided on the surface of the plurality of nanostructures 120 is a method of increasing the surface area of the current collector 110 by virtue of the substantial increase in the surface area of the current collector 110, (10). ≪ / RTI >

The technology disclosed in the present specification can be applied to a technique capable of realizing the supercapacitor 10 having an increased electrostatic capacitance without substantially increasing the volume because the electrode active material 130 can be provided in a space between the plurality of nanostructures 120 Can be provided.

Next, the role of the plurality of nanostructures 120 of the nanostructured supercapacitor 10 disclosed herein will be described with reference to FIG. 3 (a) is a view for explaining a capacitance provided by a conventional electric double layer capacitor. FIG. 3 (b) is a view for explaining the electrostatic capacitance provided by the electric double layer capacitor using the current collector 110 provided on the surface of the plurality of nanostructures 120 shown in the present technology.

Referring to FIG. 3, the electrode active material 130 provided on the current collector 110 has a structure in which electrode active materials are stacked in layers or unit structures of electrode active materials are interconnected Lt; / RTI > An electrical contact may be formed in the process of stacking the electrode active material or interconnecting the unit structures of the electrode active material.

3 (a) and 3 (b) illustrate four electrode active materials that are electrically connected to a pair of current collectors 110, respectively, after being interconnected through electrical contacts. Two of the four electrode active materials are connected to each other through an electrical contact and are electrically connected to a current collector 110. The other two of the four electrode active materials are connected to each other through an electrical contact, And may be electrically connected to the current collector 110. The current collector 110, the plurality of nanostructures 120, and the current collector 130 are in contact with the electrolyte 140.

3 (a) and 3 (b), the capacitance of the electric double layer of the electrode active material located on the left side of the separator from the electrode active material located on the left side is C1 and the capacitance of the electric double layer of the electrode active material located on the near side is Let's say C2. Also, let C3 be the capacitance of the electric double layer of the electrode active material located on the side closer to the separator, and C4 be the electric double layer capacitance of the electrode active material located farther from the separator.

In this case, C1 and C2 are connected in series through the electrical contact, and C3 and C4 can be connected in series through the electrical contact. C2 and C3 may be connected in series by the ions in the electrolyte 140 or the electrolyte 140. Of course, C1, C2, C3, and C4 may be electrically connected in series with each other.

Hereinafter, as shown in the drawing, a plurality of capacitors C 1 and C 2 connected in series through electrical contacts, C 3 and C 4 connected in series through electrical contacts, and a plurality of capacitors C 1 and C 4 connected in series by ions in the electrolyte 140 or the electrolyte 140 C2 and C3 will be explained. Hereinafter, the effect of the electric double layer formed on the surface of the current collector 110 on the capacitance will be omitted. In the following description, it is assumed that the resistance of the resistor due to the separator is negligible and the effect on the capacitance due to the resistor is omitted. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that a person skilled in the art (ordinary artisan) can understand the role of a plurality of nanostructures 120 contributing to increase in capacitance.

Referring again to FIG. 3 (a), the total capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor obtained through the structure of FIG. 3 (a) can be interpreted as a value obtained by connecting C1, C2, C3 and C4 in series. Let the capacitances of C1, C2, C3, and C4 be 1F, respectively. In this case, the total capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor obtained through the structure of FIG. 3 (a) has a value of 0.25F.

3 (b), a plurality of conductive nanostructures 130 are provided on the surface of the current collector 110 of the technique disclosed in this specification, and the nanostructure 130 And are electrically connected to the four electrode active materials, respectively. Since the nanostructure 130 is provided on the surface of the current collector 110 and has conductivity, the nanostructure 130 connected to the C1 and the nanostructure 130 connected to the C2 have the same potential, The nanostructures 130 and the nanostructures 130 connected to C4 have the same potential. Therefore, the total capacitance of the electric double layer capacitors obtained through the structure of FIG. 3 (b) is such that C1 and C2 are electrically connected in parallel, C3 and C4 are electrically connected in parallel, and C1 and C2 and C3 And C4 are electrically connected in series to each other. Let the capacitances of C1, C2, C3, and C4 be 1F, respectively. In this case, the total capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor obtained through the structure of FIG. 3 (b) has a value of 1F.

That is, it is assumed that the electric double layer capacitor of FIG. 3 (a) and the electric double layer capacitor of (b) are the same condition except for the plurality of nanostructures 120. In this case, the plurality of nanostructures 120 are electrically connected to the electrode active material 130, that is, the laminated electrode active material or the unit structure of the electrode active material forming the electrode active material 130, Capacity can be provided in parallel. Accordingly, the technique disclosed in the present specification utilizing the current collector 110 provided on the surface of the plurality of nanostructures 120 is effective in that the electrostatic capacity is improved by the effect of the parallel connection of the electric double layer capacitances formed in the electrode active material 130 It is possible to provide a technique related to the increased super capacitor 10.

In summary, the technique proposed in the present specification utilizing the current collector 110 provided on the surface of the plurality of nanostructures 120 has the effect of increasing the capacitance through the effect of a substantial increase in the surface area of the current collector 110 It is possible to provide a technique related to the super capacitor 10.

The technique disclosed in the present specification utilizing the current collector 110 provided on the surface of the plurality of nanostructures 120 may be applied to the electrode active material 130 according to the bypass function of the plurality of nanostructures 120. [ The capacitance of the supercapacitor 10 can be increased through the effect of the parallel connection of the electric double layer capacitors formed in the capacitor.

In addition, the technology disclosed in the present specification may be applied to a technique capable of realizing the supercapacitor 10 having the electrostatic capacitance increased without substantially increasing the volume because the electrode active material 130 can be provided in a space between the plurality of nanostructures 120 Can be provided.

Hereinafter, a structure and a manufacturing method of a nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in this specification will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9. FIG.

4 is a view showing an example of a structure and a manufacturing method of an electrode of a supercapacitor of a nanostructure disclosed in the present specification. 4 (a) is a view showing an example of a method of manufacturing an electrode of a supercapacitor having a nanostructure disclosed in the present technology. 4 (b) is a view showing an example of the structure of the electrode of the supercapacitor having the nanostructure. 5 is a view showing an example of a structure and a manufacturing method of a super-capacitor of a nanostructure disclosed in this specification. FIG. 5 (a) is a view showing an example of a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor of nanostructure disclosed in the present technology. FIG. 5 (b) is a view showing an example of the structure of a super-capacitor of a nanostructure disclosed in the present technology. FIG. 5 (c) is a view showing a state in which a supercapacitor having a nanostructure in the form of a fiber is fabricated and then connected in series to measure capacitance. 6 is a SEM photograph showing a nanostructure of a nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in this specification. FIG. 7 is a SEM photograph showing an accumulation of an electrode active material between nanostructures of a nanostructured supercapacitor disclosed in this specification. FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor of nanostructure disclosed in this specification. 9 is a flow chart illustrating another example of a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor of nanostructure disclosed in this specification.

Referring to FIG. 1, a nanostructured supercapacitor 10 includes an electrode 100. The electrode 100 includes a current collector 110 and an electrode active material 130. In some other embodiments, the electrode 100 may optionally further include an electrolyte 140, a conductor 150, and a dielectric (not shown).

The current collector 110 has a surface provided with a plurality of conductive nanostructures 120. As shown in the figure, a wire-shaped stainless steel wire (SS wire) may be used as the current collector 110, but the current collector 110 Can be used.

The plurality of nanostructures 120 have conductivity and are provided on the surface of the current collector 110. As shown in the figure, NiCo2O4 transition metal having a needle shape of a nano size may be used as the nanostructure 120, but NiCo2O4 transition metal having a rod shape may be used. Can be used as the nanostructure 120. Since the role of the plurality of nanostructures 120 in relation to capacitance is described above with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, detailed description thereof will be omitted for convenience of explanation.

The electrode active material 130 is electrically connected to the current collector 110. The electrode active material 130 may be directly connected to the current collector 110 or may be connected to the current collector 110 through a plurality of nanostructures 120 provided on the surface of the current collector 110. As shown in the figure, a carbon nano-tube (CNT) may be used as the electrode active material 130. However, if the material has a large effective area per unit weight and a high electrical conductivity, such as porous activated carbon, 130).

The electrode active material 130 may include a multilayer structure. The multi-layer structure of the electrode active material 130 may be realized by stacking the electrode active material 130 in several layers as shown in FIG. Alternatively, the multi-layered structure of the electrode active material 130 may be realized through a structure in which the unit structures of the electrode active material 130 are interconnected as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Since the role of the electrode active material 130 in connection with the plurality of nanostructures 120 related to the electrostatic capacity has been described above with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, detailed description thereof will be omitted for the sake of convenience.

The electrolyte 140 may contact the electrode active material 130. In addition, the electrolyte 140 may contact the current collector 110 and the plurality of nanostructures 120. The electrolyte 140 may include a gel-like electrolyte. As shown in the figure, a gel type PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) may be used as the electrolyte 140, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the electrode 100 may include a current collector 110, an electrode active material 130, and an electrolyte 140. Referring to FIG. 5A, the nanostructured supercapacitor 10 may include a plurality of electrodes 100. The electrodes facing each other among the plurality of electrodes 100 (hereinafter referred to as the first electrode 100a and the second electrode 100b) may have a twisted shape. The electrolyte 140 of the first electrode 100a and the electrolyte 140 of the second electrode 100b may contact each other in the course of the first electrode 100a and the second electrode 100b being twisted. In this case, a gel-like electrolyte may be used as the electrolyte 140, and the gel-like electrolyte 140 of the first electrode 100a and the second electrode 100b may serve as a separation membrane. Thus, a fiber-type supercapacitor 10 can be obtained.

In another embodiment, the electrode 100 may include a current collector 110 and an electrode active material 130. Referring to FIG. 5A, the nanostructured supercapacitor 10 may include a plurality of electrodes 100. The nanostructured supercapacitor 10 further includes an electrolyte 140 disposed between opposing electrodes of the plurality of electrodes 100, hereinafter referred to as a third electrode 100c and a fourth electrode 100d. . The electrolyte 140 may contact the electrode active material 130 of the third electrode 100c and the electrode active material 130 of the fourth electrode 100d. In addition, the electrolyte 140 may contact the current collector 110 and the plurality of nanostructures 120. At this time, a gel-like electrolyte may be used as the electrolyte 140, and the gel-like electrolyte 140 may serve as a separation membrane. The supercapacitor 10 having the electrodes 100c and 100d facing each other can be obtained.

The conductors 150 can connect the electrode active material 130 to each other. Meanwhile, the electrode active material 130 may include a multi-layer structure.

The conductors 150 may be used to connect the unit structures of the electrode active material 130 to each other to increase the electrical conductivity therebetween. Further, the conductors 150 can be used to connect the electrode active materials 130 stacked according to the multi-layer structure to each other to increase the electrical conductivity therebetween.

Meanwhile, the conductor 150 may connect the electrode active material 130, the current collector 110, the electrode active material 130, and the plurality of nanostructures 120 to each other. Through which the conductor 150 may be used for the purpose of bypassing as described above with respect to Figures 2 and 3. That is, the conductor 150 may serve as a bypass to provide an effect of parallel connection of the electric double layer capacitance formed in the electrode active material 130

In other words, the conductors 150 connect the unit structures of the electrode active material 130, connect the electrode active materials 130 to be laminated, connect the electrode active material 130 to the current collector 110, The electrode active material 130 and the plurality of nanostructures 120 can be connected to each other. The conductors 150 may function to electrically connect the unit structures of the electrode active material 130 and the electric double layer capacitors formed in the stacked electrode active material 130 in series or in parallel.

Silver nano wire (Ag NWs) may be used as the conductor 150, but it may be used as the conductor 150 if it is a material that can be used as a conductor, as shown by way of example in the drawings.

A dielectric (not shown) may be provided in the electrode active material 130. As the dielectric, various insulators may be used.

In one example, the electrode active material 130 may include a multi-layer structure. In this case, the electrode active materials included in each layer of the electrode active material 130 of the multi-layer structure may be connected to each other by the conductor 150 by layers. The dielectric may be provided at a portion where the layer of the electrode active material 130 of the multi-layer structure is in contact with the layer. Each layer of the electrode active material 130 of the multi-layer structure may be electrically connected to the current collector 110 or the plurality of nanostructures 120.

In this case, the dielectric is formed by separating the layers of the electrode active material 130 of the multi-layered structure to strengthen the role of bypass by the current collector 110 or the plurality of nanostructures 120 It can provide the function of enhancing the effect of parallel connection of electric double layer capacitance.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor having a nanostructure will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor of nanostructure disclosed in this specification. 9 is a flow chart illustrating another example of a method of manufacturing a super-capacitor of nanostructure disclosed in this specification. In the detailed description related to Figs. 8 and 9, the contents overlapping with those described above with reference to Figs. 1 to 7 will be omitted for convenience of description.

Referring to FIG. 8, a method 20 of fabricating a nanostructured supercapacitor according to an exemplary embodiment includes an electrode preparation process 210 for preparing an electrode. In some other embodiments, the nanostructured supercapacitor fabrication method 20 may further include a capacitor fabrication process 220 and an electrolyte preparation process 230.

The electrode preparation process 210 includes a step 212 of preparing a current collector 110 having a plurality of conductive nanostructures 120 and an electrode active material 130 in a space between the plurality of nanostructures 120 (214). ≪ / RTI > The electrode preparation process 210 may further include a step 216 of providing an electrolyte 140 in contact with the electrode active material 130.

The nanostructured supercapacitor 10 may be fabricated through a capacitor fabrication process 220 in which electrodes 100 prepared through the electrode preparation process 210 are twisted to form a fiber-type capacitor.

The nanostructured supercapacitor 10 may further include a step 230 of providing an electrolyte 140 to the fiber-type capacitor.

That is, the supercapacitor 10 having a nanostructure manufactured by the method described above with reference to FIG. 8 includes a current collector 110, an electrode active material 130, and an electrolyte (not shown) having a surface provided with a plurality of nano- 140 may have a fiber shape formed by twisting the electrodes 100 together. The current collector 110 can be fabricated into a fiber shape in the center, and the problem that the current collector 110, which is a metal material, is broken due to various deformations can be solved. The electrolyte 140 may include a gel-like electrolyte as described above.

Referring to FIG. 9, a method of manufacturing a supercapacitor having a nanostructure according to another example includes an electrode preparation process 210a for preparing an electrode. In some other embodiments, the nanostructured supercapacitor fabrication method 20a may further include a capacitor fabrication process 220a and an electrolyte preparation process 230a.

The electrode preparation process 210a includes a process 212 for preparing a current collector 110 having a plurality of conductive nanostructures 120 and an electrode active material 130 in a space between the plurality of nanostructures 120 (214). ≪ / RTI >

The supercapacitor 10 having the nanostructure has the electrolyte 140 between the electrodes 100c and 100d facing each other among the plurality of electrodes 100 prepared through the electrode preparing process 210a described above, And a capacitor fabrication process 220a for fabricating the capacitor as a capacitor. In this case, the electrolyte 140 can contact the electrode active material 130 of the electrodes 100c and 100d facing each other.

The supercapacitor 10 having a nanostructure may further include a step 230a of additionally providing an electrolyte 140 to a capacitor made of electrodes 100c and 100d facing each other.

That is, the nanostructured supercapacitor 10 manufactured by the method described above with reference to FIG. 9 includes the current collector 110 and the electrode active material 130 having the surface provided with the plurality of nano-nano structures 120 The electrodes may be formed by facing each other and then providing an electrolyte 140 therebetween. The current collector 110 can be formed in a centered shape, and the problem that the current collector 110, which is a metal material, is broken due to various deformations can be solved. The electrolyte 140 may include a gel-like electrolyte as described above.

8 and 9 may further include a step of providing a conductor 150 connecting the electrode active material 130 to each other. The method for manufacturing a super capacitor may further include the step of providing an additional electrode active material 130 on the electrode active material 130 on which the conductor 150 is provided. The electrode active material 130 can be stacked on each other.

In this case, the super-capacitor manufacturing method 20 or 20a may further include the step of providing a dielectric (not shown) at a portion where the electrode active material 130 and the additional electrode active material 130 are in contact with each other.

Hereinafter, a manufacturing process of a super-capacitor having a nanostructure will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. It is to be clearly understood that this description is not intended to limit the scope of the presently disclosed subject matter by way of illustration and example for purposes of understanding.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a fabrication process of a supercapacitor disclosed in this specification. A NiCo 2 O 4 nanoneedle transition metal layer may be provided as a nanostructure 120 that will widen the surface area of the electrode by hydrothermal synthesis on the surface of a stainless steel wire (SS wire) which is a current collector 110 in order . The carbon nanotube active layer may be prepared by using a spindle coating method as the electrode active material 130 to fill the space between the nanowires. The silver nano wire may be provided as a conductor 150 for increasing electrical conductivity between the carbon nanotube active layer and the layer by a coating method using an ultrasonic treatment. The electrode active material 130 may be coated with a silver nanotube active layer to cover the silver nanowire-coated surface through spindle coating to form a laminated structure. The gel electrolyte used as the electrolyte 140 and the separator is made of about 10 g of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), about 100 ml of deionized water, and about 10 g of phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) at about 90 ° C. to about 400 rpm to about 1 It can be made by stirring for a time. A gel electrode 140 may be coated on the fabricated electrode and dried to produce a single electrode. The fabricated single electrode may be twisted to twist the gel, and then the gel electrolyte 140 may be coated and dried to complete the fiber-type supercapacitor 10.

6, it can be seen that NiCo2O4 is grown on the surface of the stainless steel wire in the form of a nanoneedle. NiCo2O4 is a transition metal that can store energy through redox reaction with an electrolyte, and a wider surface area can be secured due to the structure formed in the form of a nano needle. FIG. 7 also shows a state in which carbon nanotube fibers are wound by spindle coating between nanowires. This ensures a higher capacitance relative to the volume of the same electrode. Carbon nanotubes can charge and discharge electrons through the electric double layer effect. In addition, the nano needle performs the above-described bypass function to further increase the capacitance.

On the other hand, FIG. 4 (b) shows a state in which carbon nanotubes as the electrode active material are twisted into a fiber form and an active layer is formed on the surface of the stainless steel wire. The activated carbon nanotube active layer has a very thin thickness and forms an electrode active material continuously in a laminated form. At this time, silver nano wire is coated as a conductor 150 in the space between the carbon nanotube active layers to increase the electrical conductivity between the active layers, so that electrons generated due to charge and discharge can smoothly move to the stainless steel wire as the current collector 110 . This effect ultimately lowers the internal impedance of the electrode and can lead to an increase in the non-dissociation capacity. The conductor 150 may connect the electrode active material 130, the current collector 110, the electrode active material 130, and the plurality of nanostructures 120 to each other. Through this, the conductor 150 plays a role of a bypass and can contribute to the increase in capacitance.

Conventional fiber type supercapacitors are fabricated by manufacturing carbon nanotubes in an actual form or by coating carbon fibers such as graphene or graphite on commercial fibers. However, in spite of the advantages of high electrical conductivity carbon type, the length increases or the weaving in the form of fiber increases the resistive component, which leads to the decrease of capacitance. In this technology, we propose a technology for supercapacitor with improved electrical conductivity and capacitance by coating nano-wires in the process of fabricating carbon nanotube which is relatively easy to weave in fiber form.

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described for purposes of illustration and that there are many possible variations without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. And that the various embodiments disclosed are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosed subject matter, but true ideas and scope will be set forth in the following claims.

10: Nanostructured supercapacitor
20, 20a: Manufacturing method of super capacitor of nanostructure
100, 100a, 100b, 100c, 100d: electrodes
110: current collector
120: a plurality of nanostructures
130: electrode active material
140: electrolyte
150: conductor
210, 210a: electrode preparation process
220, 220a: Capacitor fabrication process
230, and 230a: a process of preparing an electrolyte in the capacitor

Claims (19)

A current collector having a surface provided with a plurality of conductive nanostructures; And
And an electrode active material electrically connected to the current collector. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 21. < / RTI > The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the electrode further comprises an electrolyte in contact with the electrode active material. 3. The method of claim 2,
A plurality of said electrodes,
Among the plurality of electrodes, electrodes facing each other (hereinafter referred to as a first electrode and a second electrode) have a twisted shape,
Wherein the electrolyte of the first electrode and the electrolyte of the second electrode are in contact with each other in a process of the first electrode and the second electrode being twisted with each other. The method according to claim 1,
A plurality of said electrodes,
Further comprising an electrolyte provided between the plurality of electrodes facing each other, hereinafter referred to as a third electrode and a fourth electrode,
Wherein the electrolyte is in contact with the electrode active material of the third electrode and the electrode active material of the fourth electrode. 5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
Wherein the electrolyte comprises a gel-like electrolyte. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein the electrode active material comprises a multi-layered structure. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
And a conductor connecting the electrode active material of the electrode active material to each other. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the electrode active material comprises a multilayer structure,
Wherein the conductor connects the electrode active material of the multi-layer structure to each other. 8. The method of claim 7,
And a dielectric provided to the electrode active material,
Wherein the electrode active material comprises a multilayer structure,
The conductors connect the electrode active materials contained in each layer of the electrode active material of the multi-layer structure to each other in layers,
Wherein the dielectric is provided at a portion where the layer of the electrode active material of the multilayer structure and the layer are in contact with each other. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein the electrode active material is provided in a space between the plurality of nanostructures. And an electrode preparation process for preparing an electrode,
The electrode preparation process
Preparing a current collector having a plurality of conductive nanostructures; And
And providing an electrode active material in a space between the plurality of nanostructures. 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the electrode preparation process further comprises the step of providing an electrolyte that contacts the electrode active material. 13. The method of claim 12,
Further comprising the step of fabricating a capacitor having a fiber shape by twisting the electrodes prepared through the electrode preparation process. 14. The method of claim 13,
Further comprising the step of providing an electrolyte in the fiber-type capacitor. 12. The method of claim 11,
Further comprising the step of preparing a capacitor by providing an electrolyte between the electrodes facing each other among the plurality of electrodes prepared through the electrode preparation process,
Wherein the electrolyte is in contact with the electrode active material of the mutually opposing electrodes. 16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15,
Wherein the electrolyte comprises a gel-like electrolyte. 16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15,
Further comprising the step of providing a conductor connecting the electrode active material to each other. 18. The method of claim 17,
Further comprising the step of providing an electrode active material on the electrode active material provided with the conductor. 19. The method of claim 18,
Further comprising the step of providing a dielectric material at a portion where the electrode active material and the additional electrode active material are in contact with each other.

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