KR20190044302A - Microstructured light guide plates and methods of manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a light guide plate and manufacturing methods of light guide plates, wherein the light guide plate comprises: a glass-based substrate including an edge surface and a light emitting surface; and a cured film of a resin composition which includes a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin. The cured film includes a plurality of microstructures arranged on the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate. In addition, disclosed are a display including light guide plates and lighting devices.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to microstructured light guide plates,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present disclosure relates generally to a light guide plate and display or lighting devices including such a light guide plate, and more particularly to a glass light guide plate including a microstructured cured film of a resin composition and a manufacturing method thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are widely used in various electronic products such as cellular phones, laptops, electronic tablets, televisions, and computer monitors. However, LCDs may have limitations in terms of brightness, contrast ratio, efficiency, and viewing angle relative to other display devices. For example, in order to compete with other display technologies, a high contrast ratio, color gamut, and brightness are constantly required in conventional LCDs, while also matching device size (e.g., thickness) and power requirements .

LCDs may include a backlight unit (BLU) to produce light that can be converted, filtered, and / or polarized after being created to produce a desired image. The BLUs may be edge-lit including, for example, a light source coupled to the edge of a light guide plate (LGP), or a direct-light-emitting device including light sources in a two- lit). Directly-emitting BLUs can have the advantage of improved dynamic contrast compared to edge-emitting BLUs. For example, a display with direct light-emitting BLUs can independently adjust the brightness of each LED to optimize the dynamic range of brightness across the image. This is often known as local dimming. However, the light source (s) may be located somewhat spaced from the LGP to avoid hot spots and / or achieve the desired light uniformity in direct-light-emitting BLUs, so that the overall thickness of the display Can be made larger than that of the edge-emitting BLU. In conventional edge-emitting BLUs, the light emitted from each LED can spread across a large area of the LGP, and even if individual LEDs or a group of LEDs are turned off, this can have a negligible effect on the dynamic contrast ratio.

The local dimming efficiency of the LGP can be improved, for example, by providing one or more microstructures on the LGP surface. Plastics LGPs, such as, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or methyl methacrylate styrene (MS) LGPs, have been found in which light emitted from each LED can be confined within a narrow band And may be fabricated to have microstructures. In this way it may be possible to adjust the brightness of the light source (s) along the edge of the LGP and to improve the dynamic contrast of the display. If the LEDs are mounted on opposite sides of the LGP, the brightness of the LED pairs can be adjusted so that a brightness gradient is created along the illuminance band that can further improve dynamic contrast.

Methods of providing microstructures on plastic materials may include, for example, injection molding, extruding, and / or embossing. These techniques may be performed well for plastic LGPs, but for the free LGPs, these techniques may not be compatible because of their high glass transition temperature and / or high viscosity. However, glass LGPs can provide various improvements compared to plastic LGPs, such as low light attenuation, low thermal expansion coefficient, and high mechanical strength. Thus, in order to overcome several disadvantages associated with plastics, it may be desirable to use glass as an alternative material for the manufacture of LGP. For example, plastic LGPs may be difficult to fabricate large, yet thin plastic LGPs to meet current consumer needs due to their relatively low mechanical strength and / or their lower stiffness. Also, plastic LGPs may require a larger gap between the light source and the LGP because of their high coefficient of thermal expansion, which may require a larger display bezel and / or reduce optical coupling efficiency. In addition, plastic LGPs may be more prone to absorb and expand water than glass LGPs.

Thus, it may be desirable to provide free LGPs having microstructures on at least one surface. It may also be desirable to provide methods for making glass LGPs having microstructures on at least one surface. There is also a need for glass light guide plates having microstructures on at least one surface and manufacturing methods that provide improved optical performance, mechanical performance, and reduced prices for such light guide plates.

The first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a light guide plate. In one embodiment, the light guide plate comprises a glass-based substrate including an edge surface and a light-emitting surface, and a cured film of a resin composition comprising a UV-curable resin and a thermosetting resin. Wherein the cured film comprises a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate. In another embodiment, the light guide plate comprises a glass-based substrate including an edge surface and a light-emitting surface, and a cured film of a resin composition comprising a UV-curable resin and an infrared-curable resin. Wherein the cured film comprises a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate, and wherein at least one of the UV curable resin and the infrared curable resin comprises a silicone-terminated polymer .

A second aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a light guide plate. The method comprises: mixing a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin to form a resin composition; Applying a layer of the resin composition to a glass-based substrate; Curing the layer to form a film; And forming a plurality of microstructures on the film.

The following detailed description can be better understood with the following drawings.
1A-1D illustrate exemplary microstructure arrays in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 2 shows a light-guiding assembly in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
3 is a graph showing light confinement as a function of the aspect ratio of a microstructure for a 1D local dimming configuration using a light guide plate having a microstructured surface including an array of lenticular lenses.
4 is a graph showing the color shift Δy of the light guide plate as a function of the transmission ratio of blue light to red light.
5 is a graph showing transmission curves for various light guide plates.
6 shows the bonding between the resin film composition and the glass-based substrate.
7 is a graph showing the color transition before and after aging for the sample.
8 is a graph comparing before and after aging for two different samples.
9 is a graph showing the color transition estimated for the data in Fig.
10 is a graph showing color transition data for several samples.
11 is a graph of color transition variability data.

Light guide assemblies including light guide plates and light guide plates are described herein. The light guide plate includes a glass base substrate including an edge surface and a light emitting surface, and a cured film of a resin composition comprising a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin. The cured film comprises a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate. The light guiding assemblies further include at least one light source optically coupled to an edge surface of the glass-based substrate.

The terms " glass-based article " and " glass-based substrates " are used herein in their broadest sense, including any object wholly or partly made of glass when used herein. Glass-based articles include laminates of glass and non-glass materials, laminates of glass and crystalline materials, and glass-ceramics (including amorphous and crystalline phases). Unless otherwise specified, all glass compositions are expressed in mole percent (mol%).

The light guide plates and the light guide assemblies described herein may be used in various applications such as displays, lighting, and electronic devices such as televisions, computers, telephones, tablets and other display panels, lighting devices, solid state lighting, billboards, Lt; / RTI >

An ultraviolet (UV) curable resin applied on a glass-based substrate by a roll coating method requires the resin to be manually deposited on the surface of the glass-based substrate, resulting in pressurization of the resin, It has been found that it overflows on the substrate. It has been difficult to form straight film edges using the roll coating method. In addition, it has been difficult to control the thickness of the UV-curable resin applied on the glass-based substrate, and the mechanical properties of the UV-cured resin have been difficult to accommodate.

It has been found that a resin composition containing a mixture of a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin overcomes the above-described difficulties in the production of a light guide plate. According to one or more embodiments, methods of making light guide plates suitable for in-line manufacturing processes are provided. &Quot; In-line " as used herein refers to a process that can be integrated with other manufacturing processes, such as the production of a glass-based sheet, such as a bottom draw process to produce glass sheets. Examples of suitable in-line coating methods include extrusion coating, direct gravure coating, reverse gravure coating, die coating, spray coating, and slit coating methods. In one or more embodiments, the resin compositions described herein exhibit excellent heat resistance and moisture resistance. In certain embodiments, silicone synthesized resins are used in the compositions to provide good heat resistance and moisture resistance. According to one or more embodiments, the inclusion of a thermosetting resin in the composition provides a cured film of a resin composition that exhibits excellent mechanical performance over a cured resin film comprising only UV curable water. Furthermore, one or more embodiments provide a light guide plate having excellent optical performance because the cured resin composition has a stable structure that minimizes structural disorientation during curing.

Thus, in accordance with one or more embodiments, there is a need to provide lenticular patterning on the glass-based substrate surface to provide sufficient optical properties for the glass LGP and to provide reliability to high temperature and humidity as well as mechanical robustness The light guide plates are manufactured by applying the resin composition. In one or more embodiments, a method is provided that allows for easy and fast lenticular patterning, which enables an automated LGP manufacturing system that can act as a paradigm shift in LGP manufacturing.

Thus, the first embodiment comprises a glass-based substrate comprising an edge surface and a light-emitting surface; And a cured film of a resin composition comprising a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin, wherein the cured film comprises a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate. In the second embodiment, the thermosetting resin includes an infrared ray curable resin. In the third embodiment, the first and second embodiments are such that the UV curable resin includes an acrylate-based polymer. In the fourth embodiment, the third embodiment is characterized in that the acrylate polymer is selected from the group consisting of trimethylolpropane (EO) 3 triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, acrylate, and combinations thereof And a monomer selected from the group consisting of. In the fifth embodiment, the third embodiment is such that the acrylate-based polymer comprises a silicone-terminated polyacrylate. In the sixth embodiment, the infrared curable resin of any one of the first to fifth embodiments is a (meth) acrylate-based polymer such as methyl methacrylate or silicone-terminated Poly (meth) acrylate.

In the seventh embodiment, the light guide plates of the first to sixth embodiments include a combined light attenuation? 'Of less than about 5 dB / m for wavelengths ranging from about 420 nm to about 750 nm. In the eighth embodiment, the light guide plates of the first to seventh embodiments have a color transition? Y of less than about 0.015. In the ninth embodiment, the first embodiment to the eighth embodiment of the light guide plate is mol% to the oxide to the basis SiO ₂ 50 to 90 mol%, Al ₂ O ₃ 0 to 20 mol%, B ₂ O ₃ 0 to 20 mol%, and R _x O 0 to 25 mol% (where, x is 2 and R is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and combinations thereof, or, or x is 1 and R is a Zn, Mg , Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof). In the tenth embodiment, the glass-based substrates of the first to ninth embodiments include each less than about 1 ppm of Co, Ni, and Cr.

In the eleventh embodiment, the thickness d ₁ of the glass-based substrates of the first to tenth embodiments is in the range of about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm. In the twelfth embodiment of the light guide plate, the thickness d ₂ of the cured film of the first to eleventh embodiments is in the range of about 10 μm to about 500 μm. In the thirteenth embodiment of the light guide plate, the plurality of microstructures of the first to twelfth embodiments are prisms, rounded prisms, or periodic or aperiodic lenses of lenticular lenses Array. In the fourteenth embodiment, at least one of the plurality of microstructures of the thirteenth embodiment has an aspect ratio in a range of about 0.1 to about 3.

In the fifteenth embodiment of the first embodiment to the fourteenth embodiment, the glass-based substrate further comprises a plurality of light-extracting features patterned on the main surface opposite to the light-emitting surface of the glass-based substrate .

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a light guide assembly comprising a light guide plate of any of the first to fifteenth embodiments, and at least one light source optically coupled to an edge surface of the glass-based substrate. The assembly comprising at least one second light source optically coupled to a second edge surface of the glass-based substrate, and optionally a plurality of microstructures disposed on a major surface opposite the light-emitting surface of the glass- And a second cured film of the resin composition.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a display, an illumination, or an electronic device comprising the assemblies including the light guide plates described in the present disclosure.

An alternative embodiment includes a glass-based substrate comprising an edge surface and a light emitting surface; And a cured film of a resin composition comprising a UV curable resin and an infrared curable resin, wherein the cured film comprises a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate, the UV curable resin And at least one of the infrared curable resins includes a silicone-terminated polymer. In one or more embodiments, the resin composition may be treated to form a lenticular pattern, wherein the cured film is heat resistant. Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a light guide assembly comprising a light guide plate and at least one light source optically coupled to an edge surface of the glass-based substrate described in accordance with this alternative embodiment. The assembly comprising at least one second light source optically coupled to a second edge surface of the glass-based substrate, and optionally a plurality of microstructures disposed on a major surface opposite the light-emitting surface of the glass- And a second cured film of the resin composition. Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a display, an illumination, or an electronic device comprising the assemblies including the light guide plates described in the present disclosure.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure will be discussed below with reference to Figs. 1A through 1D and 2, which illustrate exemplary embodiments of light guide plates. The following general description is intended to provide an overview of the claimed devices, and various aspects will be more particularly described throughout the present disclosure with reference to non-limiting embodiments.

1A to 1D and 2 are schematic views showing a variety of light guide plates (LGP) 100 including a glass substrate 110 and a cured film 120 of a resin composition including a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin. Exemplary embodiments are shown. The cured film 120 of the resin composition comprises a plurality of microstructures 130. 1A and 1B, the microstructures 130 include prisms and rounded prisms, respectively. Also, as shown in FIG. 1C, the microstructures 130 may include lenticular lenses 136. The microstructures depicted are by way of example only and are not intended to limit the appended claims. Other microstructural forms are possible and are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Further, although FIGS. 1A-1C show regular (or periodic) arrays, it is also possible to use an irregular (or aperiodic) array. For example, Figure 1D is an SEM image of a microstructured surface, including an aperiodic array of prisms.

As used herein, the terms " microstructures ", " microstructured ", and variations thereof, are intended to encompass all of the cured films of the resin composition, such as less than about 400 microns, such as less than about 300 microns, (E.g., height, width, length, etc.) of less than about 500 microns, such as less than about 50 microns, such as less than about 100 microns, or less than about 10 microns to about 500 microns, Quot; is intended to refer to surface relief features having at least one, including all ranges and subranges therebetween. In some embodiments, the microstructures may have regular or irregular shapes, which may or may not be the same in a given array. 1A-1D generally show microstructures 130 having the same size and shape, uniformly spaced apart at substantially the same pitch, but all microstructures in a given array necessarily have the same size and / or shape and / Or < RTI ID = 0.0 > spacing. ≪ / RTI > Combinations of microstructures shapes and / or sizes may be used, and such combinations may be arranged in a periodic or aperiodic manner.

Furthermore, the size and / or shape of the microstructures 130 may vary depending on the optical functionality of the LGP and / or the desired light output. For example, shapes of different microstructures may result in different local dimming efficiencies, also referred to as local dimming indices (LDI). By way of non-limiting example, the periodic array of prismatic structures may cause the LDI value to rise to about 70%, while the periodic array of lenticular lenses may cause the LDI value to rise to about 83%. Of course, the microstructure size and / or shape and / or spacing may be varied to achieve different LDI values. Also, different microstructure shapes may provide additional optical functionality. For example, a prism array with a prism angle of 90 degrees not only can lead to more efficient local dimming due to redirecting and regeneration of the rays, but also allows for partial focusing of light in a direction perpendicular to the prism ridge .

1A, prism microstructures 132 may have a prismatic angle &thetas; ranging from about 60 degrees to about 120 degrees, such as from about 70 degrees to about 110 degrees, from about 80 degrees to about 100 degrees, But includes all ranges and sub-ranges between them. Referring to FIG. 1C, the lenticular lens microstructures 136 may have any given cross-sectional shape (as represented by dashed lines) in the range of semicircular, semi-elliptical, parabolic, or other similar curved shapes have.

2, there is shown at least one light source 140 positioned adjacent to the edge surface 150, which may be optically coupled to an edge surface 150 of the glass-based substrate 110, for example, A light guide assembly is shown. When used herein, the term " optically coupled " is intended to indicate that the light source is located at the edge of the LGP to introduce light into the LGP. The light source may be optically coupled to the LGP even though it is not in physical contact with the LGP. In addition, additional light sources (not shown) may be optically coupled to other edge surfaces, such as adjacent or opposite edge surfaces of the LGP.

2, the general light emission direction from the light source 140 is represented by a solid line arrow. The light injected into the LGP may propagate along the length L of the LGP due to total internal reflection (TIR) until the interface hits the incident angle less than the critical angle. TIR has a second material (e.g., air or the like) having a second refractive index that is smaller than the first refractive index in the first material having a first refractive index (e.g., glass, plastic, etc.) Is a phenomenon that can be totally reflected at the interface. TIR can be described using Snell's law, which describes the refraction of light at the interface between two materials with different refractive indices:

According to Snell's law, n ₁ is the refractive index of the first material, n ₂ is the refractive index of the second material, θ _i is the angle (incidence angle) of light incident at the interface with respect to the direction perpendicular to the interface, _{and r} is a refraction angle of light refracted with respect to the vertical direction. When the refraction angle [theta] _r is 90 degrees, for example, sin ([theta] _r ) = 1 and Snell's law can be expressed as follows:

The incident angle [theta] _i under these conditions can also be referred to as a critical angle [theta] _c . (Θ _i> θ _c) light, while that will be total internal reflection within the first material, (θ _i ≤ θ _c) having a less or equal to the incident angle than the critical angle of the light with larger incident angle than the critical angle is the second 1 material.

In the case of an exemplary interface between air (n ₁ = 1) and glass (n ₂ = 1.5), the critical angle θ _c may be calculated at 41 degrees. Thus, if the light propagating in the glass strikes the air-glass interface at an incident angle greater than 41 degrees, all incident light will be reflected from the interface at an angle equal to the angle of incidence. If the reflected light meets a second surface having the same refractive index relationship as the first interface, the light incident on the second interface will be reflected back at an angle of reflection equal to the angle of incidence.

The cured film composition 120 may be disposed on the major surface of the glass-based substrate 110, such as the light-emitting surface 160. The array of microstructures 130, along with the other optional components of the LGP, can direct the transmission of light forward (e.g., toward the user), as indicated by the dotted arrows. In some embodiments, the light source 140 may be a Lambertian light source, such as a light emitting diode (LED). Light from the LEDs can quickly spread within the LGP, which can make it more difficult to bring about the effect of local dimming (e.g., by turning off one or more LEDs).

However, by providing one or more microstructures extending in the light propagation direction (as indicated by the solid line arrows in Fig. 2) on the surface of the LGP, it is possible to limit the spread of light so that each LED light source effectively illuminates only a narrow strip of the LGP May be possible. The illuminated strip may extend, for example, from the origin of the LED to a similar endpoint on the opposite edge. Therefore, it is possible to make at least part one-dimensional (1D) local dimming of the LGP in a relatively efficient manner, using the configuration of various microstructures.

In certain embodiments, the light guiding assembly may be configured to enable two-dimensional (2D) local dimming. For example, one or more additional light sources may be optically coupled to adjacent (e.g., vertical) edge surfaces. The first cured film of the resin composition may be arranged on the light emitting surface having the microstructures extending in the propagation direction and the second cured film of the resin composition may be arranged on the opposite main surface thereof. The film includes microstructures extending in a direction perpendicular to the propagation direction. 2D local dimming can thus be achieved by selectively shutting off one or more of the light sources along each edge surface.

According to various embodiments, the surface 160 or the second major surface 170 of the glass-based substrate 110 may be patterned to have a plurality of light extraction features. As used herein, " patterned " is intended to indicate that a plurality of light extraction features are present in any given pattern or design on or in the surface of the substrate. The features may be, for example, random or ordered, repetitive or non-repetitive, or may be uniform or non-uniform. In other embodiments, the light extraction features may be located adjacent to, e.g., below, the surface within the matrix of the glass-based substrate. For example, the light extracting features may be distributed across the surface as features on a texture, for example forming a roughened or raised surface, or may be, for example, a laser-damaged feature And may be distributed within and through the substrate or portions thereof. Suitable methods for producing such light extraction features may include printing, texturing, mechanical roughening, etching, injection molding, coating, laser dampening, or any combination thereof, such as inkjet printing, screen printing, have. Non-limiting examples of such methods include, for example, laser etching the substrate by acid etching the surface, coating the surface with TiO2, and aligning the focus of the laser over or onto the surface of the substrate matrix.

In various embodiments, the light extraction features selectively present on the surface 160 or the second major surface 170 of the LGP may include light scattering sites. According to various embodiments, the light extracting features may be patterned at an appropriate density to form a substantially uniform light output intensity across the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate. In certain embodiments, the density of light extraction features in proximity to the light source, such as a gradient suitable for creating a desired light emission distribution across the LGP from one end to the other, May be lower than the density, or vice versa.

The LGP can be processed to produce light extraction features in accordance with any method known in the art, for example, methods described in commonly pending and commonly owned International Patent Application Publication Nos. WO2014058748 and WO2015095288. Each of the two applications is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. For example, the surface of the LGP may be polished and / or ground to achieve a desired thickness and / or surface quality. The surface can then be selectively cleaned, and / or a process for removing contamination on the surface to be etched, such as exposing the surface to ozone, can be performed. The surface to be etched is a non-limiting embodiment according to the example, glacial acetic acid (glacial acetic acid, GAA) and ammonium fluoride (NH ₄ F) to about 1: 1 to about 9: 1 acid, such as a mixture in a ratio in the range It can be exposed to the bath. The etch time may range, for example, from about 30 seconds to about 15 minutes, and the etch may be performed at room temperature or at an elevated temperature. Process parameters such as acid concentration / ratio, temperature, and / or time can affect the size, shape, and distribution of extraction features to be obtained. It is within the skill of the art to change these parameters to obtain desired surface extraction features.

The glass-based substrate 110 may have any desired size and / or shape suitable for producing the desired light distribution. The glass-based substrate 110 may include a second major surface 170 opposite the light emitting surface 160. In some embodiments, the major surfaces may be planar or substantially planar, such as substantially planar. In various embodiments, the first major surface and the second major surfaces may be parallel or substantially parallel. The glass-based substrate 110 may include four edges as shown in FIG. 2, or may include more than four edges, such as a polygon having multiple sides. In other embodiments, the glass-based substrate 110 may include fewer than four edges, such as, for example, a triangle. Other shapes and configurations are contemplated to be within the scope of the present disclosure, including those with one or more curved portions or edges, but according to a non-limiting embodiment, the light guide plate may be rectangular, square, or square with four edges And a rhomboid-type sheet.

In some embodiments, the glass-based substrate 110 has a thickness of about 3 mm or less, e.g., about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 2.5 mm, about 0.3 mm to about 2 mm, have a mm to about 1.5 mm, or between about 0.7 mm and the thickness d ₁ of about 1 mm range, and includes all ranges and sub-ranges therebetween. The glass-based substrate 110 may comprise any material known in the art for use in display devices. For example, the glass-based substrate may comprise an aluminosilicate, an alkali-aluminosilicate, a borosilicate, an alkali-borosilicate, an aluminoborosilicate, an alkali-aluminoborosilicate, soda lime, have. Non-limiting examples of suitable and commercially available glass commercially for use as a glass for a light guide may, for example, Corning the EAGLE XG ^ㄾ, Lotus ^TM, Willow ^ㄾ, Iris ^TM, and Gorilla ^ㄾ glass from Inc. .

Some non-limiting glass compositions comprise from about 50 mole percent to about 90 mole percent SiO ₂ , from about 0 mole percent to about 20 mole percent Al ₂ O ₃ , from about 0 mole percent to about 20 mole percent B ₂ O ₃ , And from about 0 mole percent to about 25 mole percent R _x O. Wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs and x is 2, or R is Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba and x is 1. In some embodiments, R _x O - Al ₂ O ₃ >0; 0 < R _x O - Al ₂ O ₃ < 15; x = 2 and R ₂ O - Al ₂ O ₃ <15; R ₂ O - Al ₂ O ₃ <2; x = 2 and R ₂ O - Al ₂ O ₃ - MgO>-15; _{0 <(R x O - Al} 2 O 3) <25, -11 <(R 2 O - Al 2 O 3) <11, and _{-15 <(R 2 O - Al} 2 O 3 - MgO) <11; And / or -1 <(R ₂ O - Al ₂ O ₃ ) <2 and -6 <(R ₂ O - Al ₂ O ₃ - MgO) <1. In some embodiments, the glass comprises less than 1 ppm each of Co, Ni, and Cr. In some embodiments, the concentration of Fe is less than about 50 ppm, less than about 20 ppm, or less than about 10 ppm. In other embodiments, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 60 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 40 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 20 ppm, or Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 10 ppm. In other embodiments, the glass comprises from about 60 mol% to about 80 mol% SiO ₂ , from about 0.1 mol% to about 15 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , from about 0 mol% to about 12 mol% B ₂ O ₃ , and from about 0.1 mole percent to about 15 mole percent R _x O and from about 0.1 mole percent to about 15 mole percent R _x O. Wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs and x is 2, or R is Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba and x is 1.

In other embodiments, the glass composition comprises about 65.79 mol% to about 78.17 mol% SiO ₂ , about 2.94 mol% to about 12.12 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , about 0 mol% to about 11.16 mol% B ₂ O _3, from about 0 mol% to Li ₂ O of about 2.06 mol%, about 3.52 mol% to Na ₂ O from about 13.25 mole%, from about 0 mol% to about 4.83 mol% K ₂ O, from about 0 mol% From about 0 mol% to about 4.27 mol% of CaO, from about 0 mol% to about 6.17 mol% of SrO, from about 0 mol% to about 3.0 mol% of ZnO, from about 0 mol% to about 8.72 mol% of 4.3 mol% may include BaO, and SnO ₂ of from about 0.07 mol% to about 0.11% mol.

In further embodiments, the glass-based substrate 110 may have an R _x O / Al ₂ O ₃ ratio between 0.95 and 3.23. Where R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2. In further embodiments, the glass-based substrate may have an R _x O / Al ₂ O ₃ ratio between 1.18 and 5.68. Wherein R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs and x is 2, or R is Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba and x is 1. In other further embodiments, the glass-based substrate may comprise R _x O - Al ₂ O ₃ - MgO between -4.25 and 4, where R is any of Li, Na, K, Rb, One or more, and x is two. In still further embodiments, the glass-based substrate comprises about 66 mol% to about 78 mol% SiO ₂ , about 4 mol% to about 11 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , about 4 mol% to about 11 mol % of B ₂ O _3, from about 0 mol% to about 2 mole% Li ₂ O, from about 4 mol% to about 12 mol% of Na ₂ O, from about 0% to about 2 mole% by mole K ₂ O, from about From about 0 mole% to about 2 mole% ZnO, from about 0 mole% to about 5 mole% MgO, from about 0 mole% to about 2 mole% CaO, from about 0 mole% to about 5 mole% SrO, from about 0 mole % To about 2 mol% BaO, and from about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% SnO ₂ .

In further embodiments, the glass-based substrate 110 comprises about 72 mol% to about 80 mol% SiO ₂ , about 3 mol% to about 7 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% the mole% B ₂ O _3, from about 0% to about 2 mol% mol of Li ₂ O, about 6 mol% to about 15 mole% Na ₂ O, from about 0% to about 2 mole% by mole K ₂ O, From about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% ZnO, from about 2 mol% to about 10 mol% MgO, from about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% CaO, from about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% Mol% to about 2 mol% BaO, and from about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% SnO ₂ . In certain embodiments, the glass-based substrate comprises about 60 mol% to about 80 mol% SiO ₂ , about 0 mol% to about 15 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , about 0 mol% to about 15 mol% B ₂ O _3, and may include an R _x O of about 2 mol% to about 50 mol%, where R is Li, Na, K, Rb, while one or more of any of Cs, or x is 2, or R Is Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba, x is 1, and Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <

In some embodiments, the glass-based substrate 110 has a color shift of less than 0.015, such as in the range of about 0.005 to about 0.015 (e.g., about 0.005, about 0.006, about 0.014, or about 0.015) ) DELTA y. In other embodiments, the glass-based substrate may exhibit a color transition of less than about 0.008. According to certain embodiments, the glass-based substrate has a thickness of less than about 3 dB / m, less than about 2 dB / m, less than about 1 dB / m, for wavelengths in the range of about 420 nm to about 750 nm, Less than about 4 dB / m, such as less than about 0.5 dB / m, less than about 0.2 dB / m, or less, for example, in the range of about 0.2 dB / g., due to absorption and / or scattering losses) can have a light attenuation α _1.

In some embodiments, the glass-based substrate 110 may be chemically enhanced, for example, by ion exchange. During the ion exchange process, ions in or near the surface of the glass sheet in the glass sheet can be exchanged with larger metal ions, for example, from a salt bath. Incorporating the larger ions into the interior of the glass can enhance the sheet by creating compressive stress in the region near the surface. Corresponding tensile stresses may be induced within the central region of the glass sheet to balance the compressive stresses.

Ion exchange can be performed, for example, by immersing the glass in a molten salt bath for a predetermined time. Exemplary salts are the bath, comprising _{KNO 3, LiNO 3, NaNO 3} , RbNO 3, and combinations thereof, but is not limited to this. The temperature of the molten salt bath and the treatment time can be changed. It is within the skill of the ordinary artisan to determine the time and temperature according to the desired application. As a non-limiting example, the temperature of the molten salt bath may range from about 400 ° C to about 800 ° C, such as from about 400 ° C to about 500 ° C, and the predetermined time may be from about 4 hours to about 10 hours, Can range from about 4 hours to about 24 hours, although other temperatures and times may also be envisaged. As a non-limiting example, the glass can be soaked in a KNO ₃ bath for about 6 hours at about 450 ° C, for example, to obtain a K-enriched layer which imparts a surface compressive stress.

The cured film 120 of the resin composition may comprise a thermosetting resin and a UV-curable resin. The resins used in the cured film of the resin composition may also be selected from resins having a low color transition and / or a low blue light wavelength (e.g., about 450 to 500 nm) absorption, as will be described in greater detail below . In certain embodiments, the cured film 120 of the resin composition may be deposited thinly over the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate. The cured film 120 of the resin composition may be continuous or discontinuous.

Figure 1a to If reference to Figure 1c, the cured film (120) of the resin composition can have a "land" thickness t and the total thickness d _2. In certain embodiments, the microstructures 130 can include peaks p and valleys v, which total thickness is less than or equal to the peaks &lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; p, and the land thickness may correspond to the height of the valleys v with respect to the surface 160 of the glass-based substrate. According to various embodiments, it may be advantageous to deposit the cured film 120 of the resin composition such that the land thickness t is zero or as close to zero as possible. When t is 0, the cured film 120 of the resin composition may be discontinuous. For example, the land thickness t may range from 0 to about 250 microns, such as from about 10 microns to about 200 microns, from about 20 microns to about 150 microns, or from about 50 microns to about 100 microns, All ranges and subranges of &lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; In further embodiments, the total thickness d ₂ is less than about 10 탆, such as from about 20 탆 to about 400 탆, from about 30 탆 to about 300 탆, from about 40 탆 to about 200 탆, or from about 50 탆 to about 100 탆 To about 500 [mu] m, and includes all ranges and subranges between them.

With continued reference to FIGS. 1A-1C, the microstructures 130 may have a width w and may be varied as desired to achieve the desired light output. For example, Figure 3 illustrates the effect of optical confinement (light confinement) for the aspect ratio _{(w / [d 2 -t]} ) is 1D dimming configuration. The normalized power is plotted to indicate the ability to efficiently confine light within a given width region. For the configuration shown (LGP thickness = 2.5 mm; microstructure = elliptic lenticular lens), the aspect ratio corresponding to the maximum dimming effect for a 200 mm wide area (circular data point) is approximately 2.5. Similarly, the aspect ratio for obtaining maximum dimming for a 100 mm wide area (square data point) is approximately 2.3.

Thus, in some embodiments, the width w and / or the total thickness d may be varied to obtain the desired aspect ratio. A change in land thickness t may also be used to change the light output. In a non-limiting embodiment, the aspect ratio of the microstructures 130 may range from about 0.5 to about 2.5, from about 1 to about 2.2, or from about 1.5 to about 2, such as from about 0.1 to about 3, All ranges and subranges are included. According to some embodiments, the aspect ratio is in the range of about 2 to about 3, such as about 2, about 2.1, about 2.2, about 2.3, about 2.4, about 2.5, about 2.6, about 2.7, about 2.8, 2.9, or about 3, inclusive, all ranges and subranges between them. The width w of the microstructures can also be in the range of from about 1 micrometer to about 250 micrometers, for example from about 10 micrometers to about 200 micrometers, from about 20 micrometers to about 150 micrometers, or from about 50 micrometers to about 100 micrometers And includes all ranges and subranges between them. Further, the microstructures 130 may have a length (unlabeled) extending in the direction of the light propagation direction (the solid arrow direction in Fig. 2), depending on the length L of the glass- It should be noted that this may vary depending on the bar.

In certain embodiments, the cured film 120 of the resin composition may comprise a material that does not exhibit significant color transfer. Several plastics and resins can have a tendency to develop yellow over time due to the absorption of light at blue wavelengths (e.g., from about 450 nm to about 500 nm). This discoloration can be exacerbated, for example, at elevated temperatures within normal BLU operating temperatures. Furthermore, BLUs containing LED light sources can degrade color transitions because of the significant emission of blue wavelengths. In particular, LEDs can be used to deliver white light by coating a blue-emitting LED with a color-converting material (such as a phosphor or the like) that converts a portion of the blue light to red and green wavelengths and results in a perceived white light as a whole. However, despite this color conversion, the LED emission spectrum may still have a strong emission peak in the blue region. If the cured film of the resin composition absorbs blue light, it can be converted into heat, thereby further accelerating the degradation of the polymer and further increasing the absorption of blue light over time.

The absorption of blue light by the cured film 120 of the resin composition when light is propagated in a direction perpendicular to the film can be neglected, but the light is reflected by the length of the film (as in the case of edge-emitting LGP) Direction, the blue light absorption may become more serious because the propagation length becomes longer. Absorption of blue light along the length of the LGP may result in a significant loss of blue light intensity and therefore a significant color change (e.g., yellow color transition) along the propagation direction. Thus, the color transition from one edge to the other edge of the display can be recognized by the naked eye. Therefore, it may be advantageous to select a cured film of a resin composition material having significant absorption values for different wavelengths in the visible range (e.g., about 420 nm to 750 nm). For example, absorption at blue wavelengths may be substantially similar to absorption at red wavelengths, and so on.

FIG. 4 demonstrates the effect of the blue / red transmission ratio on the color transfer for LGP. As demonstrated by the plot, the color transfer? Y increases in a nearly linear fashion as the blue (450 nm) transmission decreases relative to the red (630 nm) transmission. As the blue transmission similarly approaches the value of the red transmission (e.g., as the ratio approaches 1), the chromatic transition? Y similarly approaches zero. Figure 5 shows the transmission spectra used to generate the correlation provided in Figure 4; The following Table 1 provides the relevant details for the transmission curves A through J.

<Table 1: Transmission curves> Absorption peak transition (? A) The color transition (Δy) A 0.5 0.0111 B 0.4 0.0098 C 0.3 0.0084 D 0.2 0.0071 E 0.1 0.0057 F 0.0 0.0044 G -0.1 0.003 H -0.2 0.0017 I -0.3 0.0003 J -0.4 -0.001

Since the cured film of the resin composition can occupy only a small portion of the total thickness of the LGP, the blue / red transmittance ratio (because the film is relatively thin) does not significantly affect the color transfer performance of the entire LGP 4 can be slightly lower than that shown in FIG. However, it may still be desirable to reduce the absorption of blue light and / or to provide a more uniform absorption profile through said visible light wavelength spectrum. For example, individual resins comprising the cured film of the resin composition may be selected to avoid chromophore absorption at wavelengths greater than 450 nm. In certain embodiments, the individual resins of the cured film of the resin composition may be selected such that the concentration of the blue light absorbing chromophore is less than about 5 ppm, such as less than about 1 ppm, less than about 0.5 ppm, or less than about 0.1 ppm, , And all ranges and subranges between them. Optionally, the cured resin 120 of the resin composition can be cured at one or more (e.g., one or more) wavelengths that absorb at yellow wavelengths (e.g., from about 570 nm to about 590 nm) to neutralize any intervening, May be modified to compensate for the absorption of blue light by including dyes, pigments, and / or optical brighteners. However, processing the cured resin of the resin composition so as to absorb both the blue wavelength and the yellow wavelength may lower the overall transmittance of the film and thus the overall transmittance of the LGP. Thus, in certain embodiments, it may be advantageous to alternatively select and / or modify the cured film of the resin composition to reduce the blue light absorption and thereby increase the overall transmittance of the film.

According to various embodiments, the cured film 120 of the resin composition is selected to have a refractive index variance that balances the interfacial Fresnel reflections in the blue and red spectral regions to minimize chromatic transfer along the length of the LGP . For example, the difference in Fresnel reflection at the cured film interface of the substrate-resin composition for wavelengths between about 450 nm and about 630 nm is less than about 0.005% at about 45 degrees, or about 0.001 %, Such as less than about 0.015%, and includes all ranges and subranges between them. Other suitable dispersive properties are described in U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/348465, filed June 10, 2016, entitled " Glass Articles Comprising Light Extraction Features ", which patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety .

Referring again to FIG. 2, in various embodiments, the cured composition 120 of the resin composition may be molded into the light emitting surface 160 of the glass-based substrate 110. For example, the film composition may be imprinted or embossed with a desired surface pattern during and / or after coating the glass-based substrate with a polymeric material. Such a process in which the desired pattern is first fabricated as a mold and then the desired pattern is squeezed into the film composition to obtain the mold-like engraved copy may be referred to as " micro-replication. &Quot; The polymeric material may be UV cured or thermally cured during imprinting or thereafter, which may be referred to as "UV embossing" and "thermal embossing", respectively. Optionally, the film composition may be applied using hot embossing techniques wherein the polymer material is first heated to a temperature above its glass transition temperature, followed by imprinting and cooling. Other methods include printing (e.g., screen printing, ink jet printing, micro printing, etc.) or extruding a layer of polymeric material over the glass-based substrate and subsequently molding the layer into a desired shape (e.g., molding, embossing , Imprinting, etc.).

According to various embodiments, the glass-based substrate 110 is a first glass transition temperature (T _g1), the may comprise a composition having the first glass transition temperature (T _g1) is the cured film of the resin composition Is greater than the second glass transition temperature (T _g2 ) of the glass transition temperature (120). For example, the difference in glass transition temperatures (T _g1 -T _g2 ) may be from about 100 ° C to about 800 ° C, from about 200 ° C to about 700 ° C, from about 300 ° C to about 600 ° C, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; 100 C &lt; / RTI &gt; and includes all ranges and subranges between them. This temperature difference can allow the polymeric material to be molded into the glass-based substrate without melting or otherwise adversely affecting the glass-based substrate during the molding process. In other embodiments, the glass-based substrate may have a first melting temperature (T _m1 ) and / or a first viscosity (v ₁ ), wherein the first melting temperature (T _m1 ) the second melting temperature (T _m2) is bigger, the first viscosity (v ₁₎ than that of the film is greater than the second viscosity (v ₂₎ of the cured film of the resin composition at a given processing temperature.

In certain embodiments, the glass-based substrate, the cured film of the resin composition, and / or LGP are transparent or substantially transparent. The term " transparent " as used herein is intended to refer to the substrate, film, or LGP having an optical transmittance of greater than about 80% in the visible region (about 420 nm to about 750 nm) of the spectrum. For example, an exemplary transparent material may have a transmittance greater than about 85%, such as greater than about 90%, greater than about 95%, or greater than about 99% of the transmittance in the visible range, Ranges are all included. Exemplary transparent materials, in certain embodiments, can be greater than about 55%, greater than about 60%, greater than about 65%, greater than about 70%, less than about 70%, greater than about 70% , Greater than about 75%, greater than about 80%, greater than about 85%, greater than about 90%, greater than about 95%, or greater than about 99%, such as greater than about 50% And sub-ranges.

In some embodiments, an exemplary transparent glass or polymer material may comprise less than 1 ppm each of Co, Ni, and Cr. In some embodiments, less than about 50 ppm, less than about 20 ppm, or less than about 10 ppm. In other embodiments, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 60 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 40 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 20 ppm, or Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 10 ppm. In further embodiments, an exemplary transparent glass or polymer material may have a color transition of less than 0.015, or, in some embodiments, less than 0.008.

The color transition can be characterized by measuring changes in the x and y chromaticity axes along the length L using the CIE 1931 standard for colorimetric measurements. In the glass light guide plates, the color transition Δy may be reported as Δy = y (L ₂ ) -y (L ₁ ), where L ₂ and L ₁ are Z positions along the panel or substrate direction away from the light source exit , And L ₂ -L ₁ = 0.5 meters. Exemplary light guide plates have? Y <0.01,? Y <0.005,? Y <0.003, or? Y <0.001.

Also, the optical light scattering property of the LGP can be influenced by the refractive index of the glass and polymer materials. According to various embodiments, the glass may have a refractive index ranging from about 1.35 to about 1.7, from about 1.4 to about 1.65, from about 1.45 to about 1.6, or from about 1.5 to about 1.55, such as from about 1.3 to about 1.8, All ranges and subranges of &lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; In some embodiments, the polymeric material may have a refractive index that is substantially similar to the refractive index of the glass-based substrate. The term &quot; substantially similar &quot; as used herein means that the two values are approximately the same, for example within about 5% of each other, or in some cases within about 2% It is intended to point out. For example, in the case of a refractive index of 1.5, a substantially similar refractive index can range from about 1.35 to about 1.65.

According to various non-limiting embodiments, the LGP (glass + polymer) may have a relatively low level of light attenuation (e.g., due to absorption and / or scattering). For example, the combined attenuation for the LGP can be expressed as α '= (d ₁ / D) * α ₁ + (d ₂ / D) * α ₂ where d ₂ is the cured film of the resin composition D represents the total thickness of the LGP (D = d ₁ + d ₂ ),? ₁ represents the attenuation value of the transparent substrate,? ₂ represents the attenuation value of the cured film of the resin composition . In certain embodiments,? 'May be less than about 5 dB / m for wavelengths in the range of about 420 nm to about 750 nm. For example, a 'is less than about 4 dB / m, less than about 3 dB / m, less than about 2 dB / m, less than about 1 dB / m, less than about 0.5 dB / But may be a smaller range, including all ranges and sub-ranges between them, for example, from about 0.2 dB / m to about 5 dB / m. The combination of the LGP attenuation may, for example, changes depending on the resin composition wherein the ratio of the total thickness of the polymer film for in accordance with the thickness of the cured film and / or the total LGP thickness (d ₂ / D) of the. Thus, the thickness of the cured film of the resin composition and / or the thicknesses of the glass-based substrate may be adjusted to achieve the desired attenuation value. For example, (d ₂ / D) may range from about 1/3 to about 1/40, from about 1/5 to about 1/30, or from about 1/10 to about 1/20, / 50 and all ranges and subranges between them are included.

The LGPs disclosed herein can be used in various display devices including LCDs and are not limited to LCDs. According to various aspects of the present disclosure, the display devices may include a light source that is optically coupled to at least one light source capable of emitting blue light, UV, or near ultraviolet light (e.g., from about 100 nm to about 500 nm) LGPs. &Lt; / RTI &gt; In some embodiments, the light source may be a light emitting diode (LED). The optical components of the exemplary LCD may include a reflector, a diffuser, one or more prism films, one or more linear or reflective polarizers, a thin film transistor (TFT) array, a liquid crystal layer, Color filters. The LGPs disclosed herein may also be used in a variety of lighting devices, such as lighting fixtures or solid state lighting devices.

Another aspect of the present disclosure pertains to a method of manufacturing a light guide plate, comprising the steps of: mixing a UV-curable resin and a thermosetting resin to form a resin composition; Applying a layer of the resin composition to a glass-based substrate; Curing the layer to form a film; And forming a plurality of microstructures on the film. In some embodiments, the thermosetting resin comprises an infrared-curable resin. In at least one embodiment, the UV-curable resin comprises an acrylate-based polymer. In some embodiments, the acrylate-based polymer is selected from the group consisting of trimethylol propane (EO) 3 triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, acrylate, and combinations thereof &Lt; / RTI &gt; In at least one embodiment, the acrylate-based polymer comprises a silicone-terminated polyacrylate. In some embodiments, the infrared curable resin comprises a (meth) acrylate-based polymer, such as polymethylmethacrylate. In some embodiments, the (meth) acrylate-based polymer comprises a silicone-terminated poly (meth) acrylate.

In one or more method embodiments, the curing step may comprise curing the layer of the resin composition at a temperature in the range of from about 60 캜 to about 200 캜, such as from about 60 캜 to about 190 캜, from about 60 캜 to about 180 캜 About 70 ° C to about 190 ° C, about 70 ° C to about 180 ° C, about 80 ° C to about 190 ° C, about 80 ° C to about 180 ° C, about 90 ° C to about 190 ° C, From about 100 占 폚 to about 190 占 폚, from about 100 占 폚 to about 180 占 폚, from about 110 占 폚 to about 190 占 폚, or from about 110 占 폚 to about 180 占 폚. In one or more embodiments, the cure time is fast, i.e., in the range of 2 seconds to 30 seconds, 2 seconds to 25 seconds, 2 seconds to 20 seconds, 2 seconds to 15 seconds, or 2 to 10 seconds have. Prior to the curing step, the layer of the resin composition may be dried for about 2 to 10 minutes in air, or for about 10 seconds to about 60 seconds in a commercial drying equipment. In one or more embodiments, UV curing may be accomplished using any suitable UV light source to cure the UV-curable resins.

In one or more embodiments, the plurality of microstructures formed by the method include prisms, rounded prisms, or periodic or aperiodic arrays of lenticular lenses. In at least one embodiment, at least one of the plurality of microstructures formed by the method has an aspect ratio in the range of about 0.1 to 3.

Suitable solvents that can be used to form the resin composition include ethyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ketones such as acetone, and alcohols such as ethyl alcohol.

Non-limiting examples of components of the UV-curable resin may include trimethylpropane triacrylate, trimethylol propane (EO) 3 triacrylate, or other acrylate monomers, and isobornyl acrylate.

Non-limiting examples of the components of the thermosetting resin may include 2-MD (acrylate monomer with MEK), 3-MD (acrylate oligomer with MEK) available from Chemieplus.

Examples

Example 1A - Formation of resin composition

The following components were prepared to form the resin composition:

UV curable resin: trimethylol propane (EO) 3 triacrylate (TMP (EO) 3TA), isobornyl acrylate (ibxa), M3001 (acrylate monomer, available from Chemieplus)

Thermosetting (IR) resin: 2-MD (acrylate monomer with MEK), 3-MD (acrylate oligomer with MEK)

Photoinitiator: Darocur 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals)

Additives: Glide-100 (available from Evonik), Efka® SL 3031 (available from BASF)

Solvent: Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)

While the present disclosure should not be limited by any particular theory or principle, it is believed that the UV curable resin provides an appropriate viscosity for lenticular patterning. The thermosetting IR resin is believed to provide mechanical properties such as hardness and heat resistance. Silicone-added resins (2-MD and 3-MD) are believed to provide even greater robustness to heat and humidity for the cured resin composition. Photoinitiators are used to initiate a chain reaction by irradiating an ultraviolet (UV) light source such as a UV LED to activate a radical reaction for acrylate polymerization. Glide-100 and Efka SL 3031 are additives that improve surface flatness by creating more dense film structures and avoiding surface holes.

The formation of the silicone resin may be accomplished in any suitable manner, for example, by hydrolyzing an organosilane such as acrylsilane to form a silanol group with high reactivity. These silanol groups then condense to form the oligomeric siloxane structure. In a specific embodiment, a silicone-added resin was prepared as follows:

a. The acrylate silane (10) was mixed with H2O (1) and acetic acid (0.1) (weight ratio). (Part a mixture)

b. The 2-MD was heated to a temperature of 75 캜.

c. The Part a mixture was added to a 2-MD heated to 75 캜 in the reaction vessel.

d. The reaction of adding the Part a mixture increased the temperature of the reaction vessel.

e. When the reaction was complete, no further heat exchange was observed and the mixture was maintained at 75 占 폚.

The 3-MD and M3001 acrylate monomers were also prepared in the same manner as in the above steps a to e.

All ingredients were added in weight percent as shown below:

MEK - 57.4

TMP-9.2

2-MD 18.4

3-MD-9.2

IBXA-0.4

M3001- 4.6

1173D 0.4

3031 0.1

G-100 0.3

Small mixing is carried out in a glass pot with a Teflon mixing bar, or in a stainless steel beaker. When a stainless steel beaker is used, a stainless steel mixing blade may be used. The oligomers, monomers, and photoinitiator were mixed at 60 占 폚 using a hot oil bath. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. Mixing was done at about 600 rpm to ensure homogeneity.

The resin was filtered into a clean vessel with a 0.45 um capsule filter.

Example 1B-Manual Coating onto a Glass Substrate

Tests were conducted on relatively small sized glass to confirm the basic performance of the resin composition. The mixed resin according to Example 1 was produced in a beaker, which was poured directly onto a glass substrate to coat the glass substrate with the resin composition. The coated substrate was left in the air dryer for 10 seconds to 30 seconds to dry off the MEK solvent. In order to cover the glass substrate, a lenticular patterned PET film (soft mold) was used, and the lenticular patterned PET film was pressed with a hand roller. While holding the PET film on the glass substrate, a UV LED (365 nm) lamp source was used to cure the resin composition surface with irradiation of 150 mJ for 2 seconds. After the UV curing was completed, the PET film was removed and a hot plate was used to heat the substrate to 110 ° C for 2 minutes to cure the IR resin component.

Example 1C-55 " Lenticular patterning in half of the line process on glass substrate

Using a resin composition according to Example 1A using a slit coater with a nitrogen pressure of 25 kPa to spray the resin onto the surface at a rate of 150 mm / s to form a 20 micron thick resin coating layer, a 55 inch glass A coating layer was formed on the substrate.

The coated glass was dried at atmospheric conditions for 2 minutes and 30 seconds to evaporate the MEK solvent. 400 mJ energy was used for UV curing in an imprinter with a belt type stamper. The conditions for the stamper were a pressure of 29.4 N to rotate the soft mold and a speed of 3000 mm / sec. For thermal curing, the coating was irradiated for 2 minutes using a conveyor type IR heater and provided a stable thermal zone at a temperature of 130 &lt; 0 &gt; C. During the thermosetting step, the resin was condensed with the glass as shown in Fig.

After glass surface treatment for lenticular patterning of this sample, the sample was extracted and patterned on the opposite side of the coated / lenticular-patterned surface to maximize the glass brightness. The color index (Cx, Cy) and luminance of the sample were measured. Further, pencil hardness, adhesion, and chemical reaction were evaluated for the lenticular pattern.

Target values, resin film performance and results are shown below:

The color transition is a key criterion for determining LGP optical performance. The metric of the color transition is obtained from the maximum-minimum (Cy) representing the color change index from white to yellow. Cy was measured for 110 points on a lenticular patterned LGP reflected by a UV LED lamp. The low chromatic transition range indicates the extent to which the color changes to yellow along the glass in a direction perpendicular to the LED. The performance of LGP plates made from resin containing only UV resin and glass substrate resulted in a color transition of 0.020 to 0.025 which is much higher than in the present embodiment including thermosetting resin and UV curable resin.

Adhesion was tested by a crosshatch test according to ASTM standard D-3359-76 and DIN standard 53151. The target was GT1, but the sample prepared according to Example 1B showed the highest level of adhesion performance (GT0).

The pencil hardness was tested according to ASTM D3363-00 to evaluate the scratch resistance of the surface and satisfied the target performance of 1H. To evaluate the chemical resistance of the surface, the samples were immersed in a chemical according to CAS No.:64741-66-8 and the chemical resistance was tested using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). As a result of the test, no chemical reaction with the commonly used CAS No.:64741-66-8 chemical was observed to evaluate the chemicals used in the LGP cleaning process.

The color transfer performance was evaluated. The following table shows that the lenticular film lenticular pattern and the extraction pattern by the resin contribute to the color transfer.

Color Transition Range

Max (Cy) - Max (Cy) at 110 points.

All samples were first measured for extraction patterning and again for lenticular films. The table shows that the color transfer? C / S from the lenticular film is less than 0.003, which is a superior performance in color transfer. The contour plot showing the increase in the transition value with the accumulation of light from the entrance to the reflective side represents the color transition (Cy) of the resin.

The color transition after aging was also measured. Data under the test conditions of aging at 60 < 0 &gt; C and 90% relative humidity for 72 hours in the chamber are shown in Fig. After aging, the samples prepared according to Example 1B showed little increase in the color transfer range and were still &lt; 0.015.

To simulate more severe aging (humidity and heat) conditions, the samples prepared according to Example 1B were boiled with water for 30 minutes. The permeability was measured before and after boiling to see the effect of silicone. In FIG. 8, the graph above is prior to the addition of a silicone-terminated polymer and the graph below shows a sample containing a silicone-terminated polymer. The samples without silicone-terminated polymer showed a marked decrease in permeability after boiling. However, a sample containing a silicone-terminated polymer showed a smaller difference between before and after boiling than a sample without a silicone-terminated polymer.

Figure 9 shows the prediction of the color transfer behavior before and after boiling for comparison with the data of Figure 8. Silicone-free resins exhibited a color transition of almost 0.02. However, the silicone-containing resin showed a range of color transition of 0.005 even after boiling. This is a more severe aging condition compared to the general 60 ° C / 90% aging conditions and shows a very significant improvement over glass-based substrates coated with known resins that can be patterned and used as LGP.

Perhaps silicone-containing resins provide good resistance to thermal and ambient degradation due to bonding strength differences between Si-O (108 kcal / mol) and CC (82.6 kcal / mol) ) Provide a more linear structure and faster cure times. It has been found that the mixture of the two resins can provide a resin composition which complements the disadvantages of each resin when the two resins are used separately and provides synergistic effects to the composite resin composition containing both types of resins .

The toughness and repeatability of the resin compositions as described herein were tested in an in-line manufacturing test. Figure 10 shows the variation between different samples for 133 measurements along the x-axis. All samples showed a color transition range of less than 0.015, demonstrating very robust performance in terms of optical properties. Figure 11 shows the process capability of the resin compositions according to the present disclosure, with an average of 0.0079, Cpk = 2.41, sigma level of 8.75, indicating that the performance of the resin is very robust among different process operations and is suitable for mass production .

Examples 2A, 2B and 3

Resin compositions were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, with the following composition.

Manual coating and lenticular patterning on glass substrates was carried out for Examples 2A, 2B and 3 in a manner similar to Examples 1A and 1B. The color transfer of these compositions was also measured before and after aging by measuring five samples before and after aging. The data below show the color transition after aging in the chamber at 60 ° C / 90% relative humidity for 72 hours.

Lower color shift (CS) after aging means better optical performance because the lower CS corresponds to a lower Cy change in the vertical direction perpendicular to the LED source direction within LGPs Because.

After aging, the samples prepared according to Examples 2A, 2B, and 3 showed little increase in the chromatic transition range and CS was still < 0.015. In particular, Examples 2B and 3 showed very little CS, indicating that they are reliable despite temperature and humidity aging.

It will be appreciated that the various embodiments disclosed may involve the specific features, elements, or steps described in connection with the particular embodiment. Also, it is to be understood that, although specific features, elements, or steps have been described in connection with one specific embodiment, it is to be understood that the various combinations and permutations may be combined or substituted with other embodiments.

Also, it is to be understood that the terms "above", "one", or "one" are used herein to mean "at least one" and should not be limited to "only one" unless explicitly stated to the contrary. Thus, for example, referring to " one light source " includes embodiments having two or more such light sources unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Likewise, " plural " or " array " is intended to indicate " more than one. Thus, " plurality of light scattering features " includes having two or more such features, such as three or more such features, and " array of microstructures " includes such microstructures as three or more such microstructures Includes two or more.

Where the ranges may be expressed as from " about " one particular value and / or " approximate " When such a range is expressed, the embodiments include from the one particular value and / or to another specific value. Similarly, it will be appreciated that when values are approximated by using precedence " about ", that particular value forms another aspect. It will also be appreciated that the endpoints of each range are important in relation to the other endpoints, and are also important independently of the other endpoints.

It is contemplated that the terms " substantial ", " substantially ", and variations thereof, when used herein, describe that the features described are the same or substantially the same as the values or descriptions. For example, a " substantially planar " surface is intended to refer to a planar or substantially planar surface.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, it is contemplated that no methodology described herein should be construed as requiring that the steps be performed in any particular order. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the method claims are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, unless the claims actually limit the order in which the steps should be followed, or if the steps are not specifically stated in the claims or in the detailed description, .

Various modifications and variations can be made to the materials, methods and articles described herein. Other aspects of the materials, methods and articles described herein will be apparent in light of the specification and practice of the materials, methods and articles disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (32)

A glass-based substrate including an edge surface and a light-emitting surface; And
A cured film of a resin composition comprising a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin;
/ RTI &gt;
Wherein the cured film comprises a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass-based substrate. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the thermosetting resin comprises an infrared curable resin. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the UV curable resin comprises an acrylate-based polymer. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the acrylate-based polymer comprises a monomer selected from the group consisting of trimethylol propane (EO) 3 triacrylate, trimethylol propane triacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, acrylate, and combinations thereof . The method of claim 3,
Wherein the acrylate-based polymer comprises silicone-terminated polyacrylate. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the infrared-curable resin comprises a (meth) acrylate-based polymer. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the infrared ray curable resin comprises polymethyl methacrylate. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the (meth) acrylate-based polymer comprises a silicone-terminated poly (meth) acrylate. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Wherein the light guide plate has a combined light attenuation? 'Of less than about 5 dB / m for wavelengths in the range of about 420 nm to about 750 nm. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
And a color transfer? Y of less than about 0.015. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The glass-based substrate has a mol% oxide as a basis:
50 to 90 mol% of SiO ₂ ,
0 to 20 mol% of Al ₂ O ₃ ,
0 to 20 mol% of B ₂ O ₃ , and
R _x O 0 to 25 mol% where x is 2 and R is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and combinations thereof or x is 1 and R is Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof)
Wherein the light guide plate comprises a light guide plate. 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the glass-based substrate contains less than about 1 ppm of each of Co, Ni, and Cr. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the thickness d ₁ of the glass-based substrate is in the range of about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the total thickness d ₂ of the cured film is in the range of about 10 탆 to about 500 탆. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of microstructures include prisms, rounded prisms, or periodic or aperiodic arrays of lenticular lenses. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein at least one microstructure of the plurality of microstructures has an aspect ratio in a range of about 0.1 to about 3. &lt; Desc / Clms Page number 13 &gt; The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the glass-based substrate further comprises a plurality of light-extracting features patterned on a major surface of the glass-based substrate opposite to the light-emitting surface. A light guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 17; And
And at least one light source optically coupled to an edge surface of the glass-based substrate. 19. The method of claim 18,
Based substrate, at least one second light source optically coupled to a second edge surface of the glass-based substrate, and optionally a plurality of microstructures disposed on the opposite major surface of the light-emitting surface of the glass- Further comprising a second cured film. 18. A display, illumination, or electronic device comprising the light guide assembly of claim 18. A glass-based substrate including an edge surface and a light-emitting surface; And
A cured film of a resin composition comprising a UV curable resin and an infrared curable resin;
/ RTI &gt;
Wherein the cured film comprises a plurality of microstructures and is disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass-
Wherein at least one of the UV curable resin and the infrared curable resin comprises a silicone-terminated polymer. Mixing a UV curable resin and a thermosetting resin to form a resin composition;
Applying a layer of the resin composition to a glass substrate;
Curing the layer to form a film; And
Forming a plurality of microstructures on the film;
Wherein the light guide plate is made of a metal. 23. The method of claim 22,
Wherein the thermosetting resin comprises an infrared curable resin. 23. The method of claim 22,
Wherein the UV curable resin comprises an acrylate-based polymer. 25. The method of claim 24,
Wherein the acrylate-based polymer comprises a monomer selected from the group consisting of trimethylol propane (EO) ₃ triacrylate, trimethylol propane triacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, acrylate, and combinations thereof Of the light guide plate. 25. The method of claim 24,
Wherein the acrylate-based polymer comprises silicone-terminated polyacrylate. 24. The method of claim 23,
Wherein the infrared-curable resin comprises a (meth) acrylate-based polymer. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the infrared-curable resin comprises methyl methacrylate. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the (meth) acrylate-based polymer comprises silicone-terminated poly (meth) acrylate. 23. The method of claim 22,
Wherein the curing step comprises heating the layer of the resin composition to a temperature in the range of about 100 캜 to about 200 캜. 23. The method of claim 22,
Wherein the plurality of microstructures include prisms, rounded prisms, or periodic or aperiodic arrays of lenticular lenses. 32. The method of claim 31,
Wherein the at least one microstructure of the plurality of microstructures has an aspect ratio in a range of about 0.1 to 3. &lt; Desc / Clms Page number 13 &gt;

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