KR20190034840A - Fire-fighting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a firefighting apparatus and, more specifically, to a firefighting apparatus capable of effectively suppressing not only fire caused by general combustibles, but also oil fire by ionizing water; and capable of protecting people and property. The firefighting apparatus suppressing fire using water includes an ion water generation unit to ionize water, and uses the water ionized by the ion water generation unit to suppress the fire.

Description

Fire-fighting apparatus

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to a fire fighting apparatus, and more particularly, to a fire fighting apparatus capable of protecting people and property by effectively ionizing water to suppress not only general combustible fire but also oil fire.

Generally, a fire is a phenomenon that burns an object and damages people and property due to natural or artificial causes. It is largely divided into Class A, Class B, Class C, and Class D.

A class fire (general combustible fire) is a kind of fire that leaves ashes after burning. It is a fire that burns household items made of wood, paper, fiber, plastic and various household goods. It is mainly used for cooling fire extinguishment by water or powder fire extinguishing agent Lt; / RTI >

B class fire (oil and gas fire) is a kind of fire that does not leave anything after burning. It is a fire such as gasoline, diesel oil, alcohol, LPG and other flammable liquids and gases. Or a halogen compound, carbon dioxide, a powder extinguishing agent or the like is used.

In addition, C-class fire (electric fire) is a fire generated when electricity is supplied to electric machines, apparatuses, etc., and carbon dioxide, halogenated fire extinguishing agent, and powder fire extinguishing agent are used as fire extinguishing agents having electrical insulation.

 On the other hand, metal fires such as lithium, sodium, and magnesium are classified as Class D fires, especially for classifying metal fires, and expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, and dry sand are used for Class D fires.

There are many kinds of substances used as fire extinguishing agents, but water has been used most often as a fire extinguishing agent because it is inexpensive and has no fear of deterioration and harmless to human body. In particular, water absorbs a large amount of heat due to its large specific heat (1 kcal / kg · ° C), and it absorbs a large amount of heat from the surroundings due to large latent heat of vaporization (539 kcal / kg), cooling the combustible, It is known that the vapor of this cursors covers the combustion surface and the effect of digestion and digestion is large.

However, when water alone is used as a fire extinguishing agent, the freezing point of water is frozen at 0 ° C or below 0 ° C, so that the pipe body may be broken and there is a problem of corrosion. In order to improve the disadvantages of such water, there has been developed a fire extinguishing agent to which a surfactant is added to enhance water penetration and an antifreeze is added to lower the freezing point. Typically, it can be classified into strengthening liquid fire extinguishing agent and poisoning agent. Strengthening liquid fire extinguishing agent is a fire extinguishing agent that reduces the digestion ability and freezing point to below -20 ℃ by adding a small amount of surfactant and inorganic salt to water. Potassium carbonate, ammonium phosphate and the like are mainly used as the inorganic salts used in the fortified liquid fire extinguishing agent, and yellow or colorless viscous aqueous solution exhibits better fire extinguishing performance combined with the digesting effect of water and the addition of the additives . The initially developed fortified liquid fire extinguishing agent had a problem of corrosion and safety of the container before and after use as the hydrogen ion concentration, ie, the pH of the alkaline solution of 11 to 12, and was mainly suited only to the A class fire. However, the fortified liquid extinguishing agent which has been developed since then has been developed to have a digestive power not only in the neutral range, but also in the class B fire.

Patent Literatures 0001 to 0005 and the like have been proposed in connection with the fortified liquid extinguishing agent. Patent Literatures 0001 to 0005 have an advantage that they have excellent performance not only in Class A but also in Class B fire. However, there is a disadvantage that the storage environment is limited and the price is expensive because it is required to be stored in an airtight manner.

KR 10-2017-0037417 A (2017.04.04) KR 10-1654579 B1 (2016.08.31) KR 10-1346190 B1 (2013.12.23) KR 10-2011-0135482 A (2011.12.19) KR 10-1095432 B1 (December 12, 2011)

In order to solve such conventional problems, the present invention can effectively fire fire of liquid combustible materials as well as general combustible fire by ionizing water to protect life and property, and there is no limitation on the storage method, The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.

According to an aspect of the present invention,

A fire fighting apparatus for suppressing a fire by using water,

And an ionized water generating unit for ionizing water is provided so that the fire is suppressed by using the water ionized by the ionized water generating unit.

Particularly, it is preferable to suppress the fire of the liquid combustible material by using the water ionized by the ionized water generating section.

The ionized water generating portion includes a permanent magnet that forms a magnetic field between the channels through which water passes, and the ionized water generating portion is installed in a tube for supplying water for suppressing the fire.

Wherein the ionized water generating unit includes a housing in which a flow path through which water supplied from the tubular body flows and is discharged is formed at a center in a longitudinal direction and a permanent magnet provided inside the housing to form a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the flow path, .

At this time, it is preferable that one side of the housing of the ionized water producing unit is provided with one side connection portion connected to the inlet side tube and another side connecting portion connected to the discharge side tube on the other side of the housing.

The ionized water generating unit may include a permanent magnet disposed in the housing to form a magnetic field in a horizontal or vertical direction with respect to a flow direction of water flowing in the tubular body, .

Particularly, the housing comprises a first housing and a second housing in which a portion including the accommodating space is divided, and the housing space of the first housing and the second housing is accommodated in the first housing and the second housing, It is preferable that a fastening member for fastening the second housing is provided.

The fire-fighting device of the present invention can ionize water by the ionization-generating unit to effectively suppress general fire-fighting fire as well as oil-fired fire, thereby protecting people and property, and there is no limit to the storage method and can be used semi-permanently .

1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of a fire fighting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view schematically showing another embodiment of the ion generating section of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention,
3 to 7 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a state in which permanent magnets are arranged in various forms.
8 is a side view schematically showing another embodiment of the ionized water generating section of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention,
9 is a front view schematically showing a state in which the ionized water generating unit is fixedly installed in a state of wrapping the tubular body.
10 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing still another embodiment of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention.
11 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing still another embodiment of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a photograph of two sterile bowls containing 20 mL of light oil.
FIG. 13 is a photograph of a state in which ionized water and non-ionized water are injected into combustion-side combustion products using a sprayer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and the scope of rights of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of a fire fighting apparatus of the present invention.

A fire fighting apparatus according to the present invention is a fire fighting apparatus for suppressing a fire using water. The fire fighting apparatus includes an ionized water generating unit (10) for ionizing water, and uses water ionized by the ionized water generating unit do.

The fire-fighting apparatus of the present invention refers to all fire-fighting apparatuses that suppress fire by using water, for example, indoor and outdoor fire-extinguishing equipment using water, sprinkler equipment, fire extinguishing equipment such as water spray, , Drencher equipment, connection water pipe equipment, and hoisting equipment. Especially, it is applicable to oil storage, chemical plant hazardous process reactor, pipe explosion, fire, toxic gas leakage, and combustion prevention device.

The ionized water generating unit 10 is for ionizing the water supplied from the fire extinguishing system and is installed between the body of the fire extinguishing system and the body of the fire extinguishing system in FIG. 1. However, the present invention is not limited to this, Between the body of the fire extinguisher and the body, between the body of the fire extinguisher and the nozzle (nozzle), and inside the nozzle of the fire extinguisher.

As the ionized water generating unit 10, an electrolytic ionized water apparatus for ionizing water through an oxidation-reduction reaction can be used, and an ionized water apparatus using a permanent magnet for forming a magnetic field between the water passage and the like can be used.

In the case of the electrolytic ionized water system, there is a fear of electric shock accident and a frequent occurrence of electric leakage due to water when the fire extinguishing system is used in a fire fighting apparatus for suppressing fire by using water.

Therefore, it is preferable to use an ion water device using permanent magnets that can be easily installed at low cost and can be used semi-permanently, such as the electrolytic ion water system, without electric shock or short circuit.

When the ionized water using the permanent magnet is used as the ionized water generating unit 10, a part of the kinetic energy of water flowing when the water is magnetically treated by the permanent magnet is converted into electric energy, thereby activating the ions to affect the hydration To give a change in the physical and chemical properties of the water. As a result, the clusters constituting the water molecules become smaller, so that the surface tension decreases and the permeability increases.

The ionized water generating unit 10 increases the degree of ionization of the dipoles (H + O + H), oxonium (H₃O) and hydroxyl (OH) ions by using the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and the velocity energy of the water, Ionized water has increased ionic bonding with substances (small particles of carbon component such as smoke, tar, etc.) generated in a fire source when burning flammable materials compared with general water, thereby increasing the solubility and penetration power for combustible materials such as oil, do.

In addition, the water ionized by the ionized water generating section 10 not only maximizes the cooling fire extinguishing effect by rapidly increasing the surface area of the volume (m 3) to water particles in the same space due to the instantaneous evaporation, The surface expansion of the flue gas forms a blocking wall outside the flue gas to shut off the oxygen supply, reduce the concentration of the flue gas and oxygen mixture to below the flue gas limit, thereby causing a physeal effect and blocking the radiant heat from the flame by covering the flue surface.

Particularly, the water ionized by the ionized water generating unit 10 forms a nonflammable oil film due to solubility and surface penetration in a flammable solid or a liquid when a combustible liquid such as oil burns, as well as general combustibles, There is an advantage of effectively suppressing the reaction.

As described above, the water ionized by the ionized water generating unit 10 has an effect of suppressing combustion by increasing ionic bonding, a cooling fire extinguishing effect for maximizing the latent heat of vaporization, a choking extinguishing effect for blocking oxygen around the flame, Solubility and surface penetration in solids and liquids are superior to ordinary water.

2, the ionized water generating unit 10 includes a housing 110 in which a flow path 112 through which water supplied from the tubes 30a and 30b of the fire extinguisher flows and is discharged is formed at the center in the longitudinal direction, And permanent magnets 130a and 130b installed inside the housing 110 to form a magnetic field in a horizontal or vertical direction with respect to the flow path 112. [

The housing 110 includes a channel 112 formed at the center in the longitudinal direction, a connection part 114 formed at one end and water-tightly connected to the inlet-side tube 30a of the tube of the fire-fighting device, And a second connection part 116 formed on the outer surface of the housing 110 so as to be watertightly connected to the discharge side tube 30b of the tube of the fire fighting device. 130a, and 130b are received.

1, the one side connecting portion 114 and the other side connecting portion 116 are formed with threads on the outer circumferential surface. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the inlet side tube 30a and the outlet side tube 30a, As shown in FIG.

The permanent magnets 130a and 130b are disposed in the housing 110 such that the permanent magnets 130a and 130b face each other with the polarities of the permanent magnets facing the flow path 112 so as to form a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow path 112. [

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the permanent magnets are arranged in a vertically, horizontally, and right-facing manner, and FIGS. 3 to 7 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a state in which permanent magnets are arranged in various forms.

The arrangement of the permanent magnets is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 1, and the distance between the permanent magnets disposed to face each other in order to maximize the degree of ionization according to the diameter and shape of the tubular body can be adjusted. Of course.

For example, the permanent magnets may be arranged in a vertically and horizontally opposed manner as shown in FIG. 2, radially arranged as shown in FIG. 3, or may be arranged in a lattice shape (cubic shape) as shown in FIG. 4 . Further, the permanent magnets may be arranged in a left-right facing manner as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and may be arranged in a cross shape as shown in Fig.

FIG. 8 is a side view schematically showing another embodiment of the ionized water generating portion of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a front view schematically showing a state in which the ionized water generating portion is fixedly installed with the tubular body wrapped around.

8 and 9, the ionized water generating portion 10 of the fire fighting apparatus, which is another embodiment of the present invention, is installed in a state of wrapping the tubular body 30 of the fire fighting apparatus, Permanent magnets 130a and 130b installed inside the housing 110 to form a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of water flowing in the tube 30, .

The housing 110 of the ionized water generating unit 10 is divided into two halves as shown in FIGS. That is, the housing 110 is composed of a first housing 110a and a second housing 110b. On the inner surfaces of the first housing 110a and the second housing 110b, Receiving grooves are formed.

The tubular body 30 may be fixed to the tubular body using a fixing member 150 such as bolts and nuts while the tubular body 30 is wrapped around the first and second housings 110a and 110b.

When the housing is formed of the first housing 110a and the second housing 110b, the tubular body 30 of the fire-fighting apparatus can be easily installed without any other operation such as cutting.

The first housing 110a and the second housing 110b may have different polarities in the first housing 110a and the second housing 110b so as to form a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow path of the tube 30, The permanent magnets 130a and 130b of the permanent magnets 130 and 140 are disposed to face each other with respect to the flow path of the tubular body 30.

10 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing still another embodiment of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 10, the fire-fighting apparatus, which is another embodiment of the present invention, is provided with an ion-water generating section in the nozzle 50. FIG.

 The tube (50) has a tubular connection (510) to which the tubular body (30) is coupled at the other end; A nozzle body 530 screwed to one side of the tubular connection 510; A deflector 550 including a spindle 552 fixedly installed at the center of the nozzle body 530 and a disk 554 coupled to one end of the spindle 552.

The ionized water generating unit includes a first permanent magnet 130a disposed on the spindle 552 of the deflector of the nozzle 50 and a second permanent magnet 130b disposed on the nozzle body 530 of the nozzle 50 to form a magnetic field in the water flowing inside the nozzle body 530 And a second permanent magnet 130b disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle body 530 of the nozzle 50 and having a polarity different from that of the first permanent magnet 130a.

In this way, when the ionized water generating portion is formed in the nozzle 50, water supplied from a tubular body such as a fire hose can be effectively ionized by the ionized water generating portion, so that not only general combustible fire but also oil fire can be effectively suppressed There is an effect that can be. In particular, the conventional nozzle can be easily replaced with the nozzle 50 of the present invention, which is advantageous in compatibility with existing fire fighting apparatuses.

12 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing still another embodiment of the fire fighting apparatus of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 12, the fire-fighting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention is provided with an ion-water generating portion in the sprinkler 60.

12, the sprinkler 60 includes a main body 610 having an inlet 612 through which water is introduced into the upper portion thereof and a watertight port communicating with the inlet in a lower portion thereof; A deflector 620 provided at a lower portion of the main body 610 to diffuse extinguishing water sprayed from the waterproofing hole; A thermal member 630 that closes the watertight opening of the body 610 and opens the watertight opening by heat; An ion generating part disposed inside the inlet 612 of the upper part of the main body 610 and including permanent magnets 130a and 130b for flowing into the inlet 612 and forming a magnetic field in the extinguishing water discharged to the waterproofing part; .

12, the thermal insulating member 630 includes the valve 632 for closing the watertight opening and the glass bulb 634 for supporting the valve 632. However, the present invention is not limited to this, A thermal member capable of opening the waterproofing hole may be sufficient.

The arrangement of the permanent magnets 130a and 130b constituting the ion generating portion is not limited to that shown in Fig. 12, but a structure capable of forming a magnetic field in the extinguished water is disposed at the inlet 612 of the main body 610 .

When the permanent magnets 130a and 130b of the ionized water generating unit are disposed in the inlet 612 of the sprinkler 60 as described above, the ionized water generating unit can effectively ionize the extinguished water discharged from the sprinkler 60 It has an effect of effectively suppressing not only general combustible fire but also oil fire.

Next, in order to confirm the inhibitory effect of water ionized by the ionized water generating part of the present invention on oil fires, the following experiment was conducted.

[Experimental study on inhibition of ionized water on oil fires]

 A pink 300 mL capacity atomizer filled with ionized water by an ionized water generating unit using a permanent magnet and a 300 mL capacity blue ionized water sprayer were prepared. The surface tension and the surface activity were measured for ionized water and non-ionized water, and the results are shown in Table 1. The surface tension was measured at 25 캜 using a surface tension meter. The surfactant force was measured by measuring the critical micelle concentration (CMC) position of a liquid synthetic detergent for clothes using an automatic continuous dilution method using a surface tension meter to compare the surfactant activity of the detergent to determine the surfactant activity of ionized water and non- Were measured.

Ionized water Non-ionized water
Surface tension
(25 DEG C, dyne / cm)
56.546

61.943
Surfactant force
CMC (mg / 50 mL)
0.01092
0.01502

As shown in Table 1, ionized water has lower surface tension and lower CMC position than non-ionized water.

As shown in Fig. 8, two stainless steel bowls each containing 20 mL of light oil were prepared. The light oil containing two stainless steel bowls was ignited using a torch lamp. And about 5 seconds after the start of the diesel combustion, that is, after the combustion flame is strengthened, the ionized water and the non-ionized water are injected at the same rate and amount into the diesel fuel, respectively, with the atomizer containing the ionized water and the atomizer containing the non- .

[Digestion time, injection frequency and flame change experiment result]

The results of spraying the ionized water and the non-ionized water to the combustion products using the atomizer are shown in Fig. 9 and Table 1. [

Ionized water Non-ionized water
Flame change
Water and diesel are mixed only on the surface of combustible material and boil.

Water and diesel boil with the sound of explosion and scattered everywhere
Digestion Time and Spray Count
20 seconds, 20 times

45 seconds, not digested 45 times

As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 9, in the case of ionized water, 20 seconds of ignition was ignored, while in the case of non-ionized water, 45 times of 45 seconds was sprayed It was not digested though.

As a result of looking at the change of flame, the ionized water was sprayed on the combustible material, and the water and the light oil were mixed and boiled only on the surface. In the case of the non-ionized water, the water and the light oil were boiled together with the explosion sound.

As a result of the above experiment, it can be seen that the use of ionized water for the oil fires such as combustion products such as combustibles has less change of flame and much faster digestion rate than the non-ionized water.

10: ion generating part,
110: housing,
130a, 130b: permanent magnet,
150: The trouble is absent

Claims (10)

A fire fighting apparatus for suppressing a fire by using water,
Wherein an ionized water generating unit for ionizing water is provided, and the water is ionized by the ionized water generating unit to suppress the fire.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ionized water generated by the ionized water generating unit is used to suppress the fire of the liquid combustible material.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ionized water generating portion includes a permanent magnet which forms a magnetic field between the flow paths through which water passes.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the ionized water generating unit is installed in a tube for supplying water for suppressing a fire.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the ionized water generating portion includes a housing in which a flow path through which water supplied from the tubular body flows and is discharged is formed at a center in the longitudinal direction and a permanent magnet provided inside the housing to form a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the flow path Fire fighting device characterized by.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein one side of the housing of the ionized water generating unit is connected to one side of the inlet pipe and the other side of the housing is connected to the outlet pipe.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the ionized water generating unit includes a housing in which a housing space for accommodating the tubular body is formed in a longitudinal direction at the center and a permanent magnet provided inside the housing to form a magnetic field in a horizontal or vertical direction with respect to a flow direction of water flowing in the tubular body Fire fighting device characterized by.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the housing comprises a first housing and a second housing in which a portion including the accommodation space is divided,
And a coupling member coupling the first housing and the second housing in a state in which the housing space of the first housing and the second housing accommodates the tubular body.
The method of claim 3,
The fire extinguishing device includes a tubular connection portion to which a tubular body is coupled at the other end; A nozzle body screwed to one side of the tubular connection; A nozzle including a deflector including a spindle fixedly installed at a center of the nozzle body and a disk coupled to one end of the spindle,
Wherein the ionized water generating unit includes a first permanent magnet disposed in a deflector of the nozzle, and a second permanent magnet disposed in an outer circumferential surface or an inner circumferential surface of the nozzle body of the nozzle to form a magnetic field in water flowing in the nozzle body of the nozzle, And a second permanent magnet having a different polarity.
The method of claim 3,
The fire extinguishing system includes a main body having an inlet port through which a tubular body is coupled at an upper portion thereof and a waterproof port communicating with the inlet port at a lower portion thereof; And a sprinkler head provided at a lower portion of the main body and including a deflector for diffusing water ejected from the waterproofing hole and a thermal insulating member for closing the waterproofing hole of the main body and opening the waterproofing hole by heat,
Wherein the ionized water generating unit comprises a permanent magnet disposed inside an inlet of the main body and forming a magnetic field in water that flows into the inlet and is discharged to the water outlet.

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