KR20180137016A - Multi-layer component and multi-layer component manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates more particularly to a base plate assembly comprising at least one base plate 2, at least one cover plate 4 disposed on the base plate 2, at least one cover plate 4 disposed between the base plate 2 and the cover plate 4, A damping layer (10) of at least one reinforcing element (6), and at least one reinforcing element (6, 8), in particular a component made according to any one of claims 13 to 22, In the side of the cover plate of the section, the base plate 2 is free of the cover plate 4 and the damping layer 10 and the reinforcing elements 6, 8 are arranged in the connecting region 12 on the side of the cover plate, And the cover plate 4, as shown in Fig. The present invention also relates to a component manufacturing method and component use.

Description

Multi-layer component and multi-layer component manufacturing method

The present invention relates to a component comprising at least one base plate, at least one cover plate disposed on the base plate, and at least one anti-vibration layer disposed between the base plate and the cover plate. Uses in which this kind of component is advantageous are also proposed. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a component.

These categories of components are known from the prior art and can be used, for example, in the marine industry, especially in shipbuilding.

The background for the use of this type of material is particularly justified in that very high values are now levied on the comfort and safety of the passengers on board. This is because the key factor for comfort and passenger safety is the vibration that acts on people in the low frequency range. Vessel passengers are particularly sensitive to vibrating vertically in the resonance range of 4 to 8 Hz along the vertebrae and mandible. These vibrations force the spine. The greatest force is applied to the back bone. When this kind of force acts over many years at the corresponding high strength, the disc and the vertebral body are deformed.

Nearly 95% of the uncomfortable vibration of the ship is caused by pressure fluctuations by the propeller and by excitation in the main engine. The vibrations caused by the drive region can be significantly influenced by the main engine base, the engine configuration, and the precisely defined combustion sequence that are adjusted accordingly. In addition, vibration by propellers can be reduced by these because a significant number of blades operate at irregular wake. The smaller the number of blades used, the more deformation occurs on each blade and the greater the variation in torque and thrust with the waves. It is important that the number of blades is precisely matched to the number of engine cylinders so that excitation of the propeller and the engine does not occur at the same time.

Modern shipbuilding uses hard materials such as steel or aluminum. The poor mechanical vibration damping capability of these materials means that they promote the transmission of sound waves. This means that, despite the measures described above, large secondary attenuation and noise reduction is still important to a large extent, to date, such as decks and walls.

The deck cover currently used for shipbuilding can be divided into three basic variants: standard parquet, dustproof parquet and floating parquet. The structure of the deck cover is chosen according to the application type of the deck area and the dynamic stress to be received. Combinations of each variant can also be used.

Standard floors consist of lightweight concrete, typically 0-30 mm thick, coated on steel, aluminum or galvanized decks and have excellent grip. When the concrete layer thickness is 0-5mm, the concrete layer smoothes the bump, disperses the pressure when the thickness is thicker, and stabilizes the structure with excellent surface strength at low specific gravity of 1.0-1.2 ㎏ / ㎡ / ㎜.

Vulcanized flooring structures are generally used in high-elevation areas exposed to mechanical vibrations on supporting deck structures, which are directly exposed to both dynamic and impact-type stresses. The principle of the anti-vibration flooring consists of a specially adapted layer structure with one (or more) clearly distinguishable viscoelastic, rubber-like interlayers. This effectively attenuates the support deck structure made of steel or aluminum, and the vibration amplitude of this layer and all the layers above it and the acoustic emission to the surrounding environment are significantly reduced. If the shear strain of the viscoelastic layer is low, neighboring layers are well separated, especially when mechanical vibrations and shock noise are generated, typically due to bending stresses on the support structure. Various types of lightweight concrete and steel plates are used as the cover layer on the viscoelastic layer. The concrete layer thickness may vary depending on the application and is generally between 4 and 30 mm. The thickness of the upper layers made of steel plates is between 1.5 and 2 mm. The specific gravity of the flooring designed for dustproofing is between 10 and 30 kg / m 2. The flooring with a high specific gravity generally has a high attenuation level even if the thickness of the viscoelastic layer is approximately 1.5-2 mm. The pronounced damping of the concrete layer also has an effect.

Finally, a floating flooring construction is used in a region where the air propagation noise is large and the structure propagation sound intensity is significant. In the case of floating floors, the use of a mineral wool layer having a low modulus of elasticity and a thickness of 30 to 50 mm is generally the most effective method for vibration isolation between the support deck structure and the deck plate. To increase this effect, the deck plate is enlarged proportionally (about 30 mm in thickness). At the same time, this layer disperses the pressure and requires a sufficiently high level of rigidity. In some cases, the deck layer for this part consists of several layers of steel plates, often 1.5 to 3 mm thick, including viscoelastic interlayers. The resonance frequency for the movement of the support layer and the upper cover layer is less than 100 Hz. Although it is physically impossible to reduce the vibration frequency by decoupling in the region below the resonant frequency, the damping capacity (dissipative effect) contained in the mineral wool significantly reduces the vibration mode in this frequency range, . The sound emission in the frequency range above the lowest resonance frequency mentioned can be considerably reduced. The specific gravity of the flooring designed to float is between 25 and 70 kg / m 2.

However, the disadvantage of the flooring type mentioned above is that all of them are very high as a ratio of sound effects. In areas where sound is particularly important, additional surface weights reach up to 70 kg / m 2.

To overcome this problem, the prior art DE 10 201 04 007 066 B3 proposes a component consisting of two surface layers of a non-metallic core layer disposed between the steel and the surface layers. This component has structural sound attenuation characteristics and can preferably be used for structures in the marine industry such as shipbuilding. A special core layer must be used to improve weld sensitivity.

WO 2015/047081 A1 discloses a method of making a structural panel comprising two metal plates and a soundproofing layer disposed therebetween. In order to prevent these metal plates from being separated, these metal plates may be connected to each other by stud welding.

However, it has been found that when used, that is, in a welded state, known components can not have an operational stability or stiffness specification, or that significant effort is required to achieve this effect.

In view of this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide a component, a component manufacturing method and a use of a component capable of achieving essential operational stability and rigidity with light weight by a reliable process.

The object of the present invention is achieved according to the first teaching according to the invention, in particular by components made according to the method according to the invention. This component,

At least one base plate,

At least one cover plate disposed on the base plate,

At least one damping layer disposed between the base plate and the cover plate, and

- at least one reinforcing element, at least on the side of the cover plate of the section in the connection area, there is no cover plate and damping layer on the base plate and the reinforcing element is connected to the base plate and the cover plate in the connection area.

The object of the present invention is achieved according to a second teaching of the present invention, in particular by a method for producing a component according to the invention. For example,

- providing at least one base plate,

- providing at least one reinforcing element,

- placing at least one cover plate on the base plate, wherein a damping layer is provided between the base plate and the cover plate,

Connecting the reinforcing element to the base plate and the cover plate on the side of the cover plate within the connection area of the base plate, wherein the cover plate and the damping layer are absent in at least some sections in the connection area.

Above all, the present invention is based on the belief that, when the reinforcing element is connected to or connected to both the base plate and the cover plate, the specifications required for operational stability and stiffness can be met, in particular in a weight saving and reliable manner do. As a result, the stimulation of local structures (e.g., starting with the entire vibration of the ship) can be significantly reduced by using components in accordance with the present invention or components in a (supported) structure fabricated in accordance with the present invention . Reliable welding of both the base plate and the cover plate on the basis of T-joints or cross joints, especially during shipbuilding, is not possible with conventional welding processes used in shipbuilding hitherto.

The connection of the reinforcing element with the base plate and the cover plate creates a non-removable joint between these components. This can be achieved by a process which is rigidly bonded, in particular by welding. It is a robust bonding process capable of assuming adhesion and / or soldering.

The base plate and / or the cover plate are, for example, steel plates or aluminum plates. For example, the base plate and / or the cover plate are designed to be basically flat. For example, the thickness of the base plate and / or the cover plate is 10 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm. For example, the thickness of the base plate is basically 3 mm. In principle, additional plates may be provided.

The damping layer provides particularly sound-absorbing properties. For example, the damping layer is a non-metal damping layer. For example, the damping layer is composed of a plastic layer. For example, the damping layer is designed as a film. For example, the damping layer is comprised of a silicon-containing material. However, all other materials with sufficient damping capability can also be used basically. It is also conceivable that additional damping layers are provided. The base plate, the cover plate and the damping layer disposed therebetween form a multilayer structure or a sandwich structure in particular.

The reinforcing element may be designed as a plate, in particular a steel or aluminum plate. For example, the reinforcing element is essentially at a certain angle, especially at right angles, in the connection area on the base plate and / or the cover plate. For example, the connection element is attached within the connection area with a T-joint or inclined joint.

Preferably, the base plate is basically exclusively on the side of the cover plate in the connection area, and optionally in at least the section in the edge area without the cover plate and damping layer. This means that the base plate is preferably covered by the cover plate or preferably by a plurality of cover plates and corresponding damping layers. It is preferred that there is no damping layer or cover plate on the base plate side facing away from the cover plate.

The area of the connection area without the cover plate and the damping layer can be selected in particular according to the thickness of the reinforcing element. For example, the width of the area without the cover plate and the damping layer is between 10 and 20 mm, e.g., about 16 mm.

Because the at least one base plate, the at least one cover plate, the at least one damping layer and the at least one reinforcing element are provided, the component can include a plurality of (e.g. two, three, four or more) , Cover plates, damping layers and / or reinforcing elements. In this aspect, the base plate, cover plate, damping layer or reinforcing element should be understood as at least one base plate, at least one cover plate, at least one damping layer or at least one reinforcing element. When the plurality of base plates, cover plates, damping layers and / or reinforcing elements are provided, the matters described above or below are applied to at least one base plate, one cover plate, one damping layer or one The cover plate, the damping layer and the reinforcing element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention aspect, the reinforcing element is designed as a strip shape, in particular a Holland Profile. For example, the reinforcement element is basically designed as a square. A holland profile, also referred to as a bead profile, is basically a profile with waling on one side, in particular a rounded L-shaped profile, in particular according to DIN EN 10067. For example, other profile shapes may be used.

According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the reinforcing element is connected to the base plate and the cover plate by a rigidly bonded manner, in particular by welding.

According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, the reinforcing element is rigidly bonded to the base plate and the cover plate, in particular by welding.

The connection may be made using, for example, pressure and / or heat. For example, the connection is achieved with or without welding additives. For example, MIG welding, MAG welding, laser welding, laser hybrid welding, or autogenous welding is used. Other welding methods may also be used, for example. Adhesion or soldering methods can also be used. For example, a firmly bonded connection can be made automatically or manually.

As mentioned above, the reinforcing elements can be connected in the connection area, in particular by T-joints. In this case, it is preferable to use fillet welding.

The following parameters have proven to be particularly advantageous during the welding process. It is preferable to weld using a solid wire electrode. The solid wire makes the appearance of the weld beautify, forms a smooth weld transition and minimizes splash. The supplied materials can perform the function of filling the gap. For example, a solid wire electrode of steel may be used, which may contain 0.1 wt.% C, 1.0 wt.% Si and 1.7 wt.% Mn as alloying elements (e.g. Boehler EMK8). According to another embodiment, the wire may contain 0.08 wt.% C, 1.05 wt.% Si and 1.65 wt.% Mn as alloy components (e.g. Union K56). For example, the wire diameter is 0.8-1.2 mm. The welding is preferably carried out in an Ar-CO ₂ atmosphere (for example, Ar is about 82% and CO ₂ is about 18%). The advantageous wire feed rate is 5 to 15 m / min, for example 8 m / min or 13 m / min. Other welding additives, in particular wire-type welding additives, may also be used.

According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the reinforcing element has a chamfer on one side or both sides of the side of the reinforcing element facing the base plate. Or the reinforcing element may be flat. That is, the side surface facing the base plate may not be chamfered.

According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect,

- chamfering the reinforcing element on one side, preferably both sides, of the side of the reinforcing element facing the base plate before connecting the reinforcing element to the base plate and the cover plate.

For example, the side of the reinforcing element facing the base plate is in contact with the base plate (e.g., with a T-joint). The side facing the base plate is a front surface having two edges, for example one or both chamfered. The reinforcing element is particularly chamfered at an angle between 20 and 50 degrees, preferably between 30 and 40 degrees, relative to the surface of the reinforcing element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect,

Further comprising the step of securing the reinforcing element in place to the base plate prior to placing the cover plate on the base plate.

Fixing the reinforcing element to the base plate, particularly upstream of the base plate of the reinforcing element and the actual connection of the cover plate, can further increase process reliability, and particularly precise alignment of the components with respect to each other can be achieved. For example, this fixation can be achieved by isolated spot welding (MIG, MAG or gas).

According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the damping layer is firmly connected to the base plate and the cover plate, in particular.

According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, the cover plate is rigidly connected to the base plate by a damping layer.

Rigidly bonded connections, especially attachments, can be made flat and stable in a simple manner. The connection to the damping layer of the cover plate and / or the base plate is preferably carried out after (temporarily) fixing the reinforcing elements. The damping layer is preferably designed as a self-adhesive layer. The final connection to the cover plate and base plate of the reinforcing element is then preferably carried out.

In this respect, according to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect,

- It is particularly advantageous to further comprise the step of providing at least one cover plate with a damping layer in advance.

If the cover plate is provided with a damping layer in advance, the cover plate can be placed on the base plate together with the damping layer in a single working step and is attached to the base plate, for example by a self-adhesive damping layer. The cover plate forms a composite with a patch or damping layer and can be applied as this composite part. Each cover plate having a damping layer in advance can be placed on and connected to the base plate in a patchwork manner. Alternatively, the dimensions of the cover plate correspond basically to the dimensions of the base plate, and only one cover plate, previously covered with the damping layer, can be applied to and connected to the base plate.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention aspects, the damping layer is designed as a film, in particular a film having a thickness of less than 200 mu m, preferably a film having a thickness of less than 100 mu m. Designing the damping layer as a film means that the sound can be attenuated in a particularly weight-reducing manner. In addition, it is advantageous that a damping layer designed as a film is provided on the cover plate and applied together with the cover plate. The thickness of the film is preferably in the range of 10-100 mu m, more preferably in the range of 40-60 mu m, e.g.

According to a preferred embodiment of the inventive aspects, the component comprises a plurality of base plates, a plurality of cover plates and / or a plurality of reinforcing elements. For example, at least two base plates, a cover plate and / or a plurality of reinforcing elements are provided. In particular, a plurality of cover plates and / or a plurality of reinforcing elements may be connected to the base plate. As described above, cover plates (especially cover plates including a damping layer previously connected to the cover plate) can be placed on the base plate in the form of a patchwork. In particular, the reinforcing elements may surround an area above the base plate on which the cover plate with the damping layer may be disposed.

Preferably, the reinforcing elements span a plurality of (e.g., two) base plates to increase stiffness and rigidity where a plurality of base plates are provided.

According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the component comprises at least two base plates, at least one cover plate being disposed on each of the base plates, and neighboring base plates on which the cover plate is disposed, It is connected.

Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, there is provided at least one cover plate disposed on each of the plurality of base plates,

- connecting adjacent base plates with the cover plates disposed thereon to butt joints.

For example, at least two base plates are provided. The base plates can be rigidly connected by, for example, I-welding or V-welding in welding, especially butt joints. The neighboring base plates are connected to each other and the neighboring cover plates are connected to each other, thereby further improving the strength and strength of the components.

It has proven advantageous to provide damping layers and / or adhesives which are preferentially disassembled in the area to be connected, in order to allow the plates contained in the connection to be connected in a reliable manner. For this purpose, the edge of the cover plate to be connected (for example with a gas flame) is first heated to about 900-1000 ° C to activate pyrolysis. By doing this, it was found that the bonding is reduced in the subsequent welding. It is preferable that the connection is performed using a wire electrode, for example, a metal powder filling wire. For example, the alloying elements of the wire are 0.03 C, 1.35 Mn and 0.06 Si in weight percent (e.g., Robofil M71). According to another embodiment, the alloy component of the wire is 0.08 C, 1.5 Si and 1.65 Mn in weight percent (e.g. Union K56). For example, the diameter of the wire is 1.2-1.6 mm. A superior weld appearance and a smooth weld transition can be obtained.

According to a preferred embodiment of the inventive aspects, the component comprises at least one longitudinal reinforcing element and a transverse reinforcing element as reinforcing elements. For example, the longitudinal reinforcement elements and the transverse reinforcement elements basically extend across and extend across each other, particularly at right angles. Preferably, a plurality of longitudinal reinforcement elements and a plurality of transverse reinforcement elements are provided.

According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the reinforcing element on one side and the cover plate and damping layer on the other side are spaced a predetermined distance from each other in the connection area.

Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, the base plate, the damping layer and the reinforcing element are provided on one another in such a way that a predetermined distance between the reinforcing element on one side in the connecting region and the cover plate and the damping layer on the other side is maintained . The reinforcing element may be connected to the base plate and the cover plate, for example by welding using a welding additive (such as a solid wire electrode).

It has been found that maintaining the predetermined distance can improve the physical properties of the component. So that the reinforcing element is not initially in contact with the cover plate and the damping layer. It may be particularly desirable that this distance is determined by the thickness of the reinforcing element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the aspects of the invention, the component is a component of the supporting structure of the ship, in particular the hull of the ship, the wall of the ship, the bulkhead of the ship, the ventilation duct of the ship and / or the deck of the ship. In particular, this area requires stringent specifications for stiffness and operational stability with a high level of sound insulation.

According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect,

Fixing the cover plate in place on the base plate, in particular before fixing the reinforcing element on the cover plate side before connection to the base plate and the cover plate.

By partially securing the cover plate before connecting the reinforcing element to the base plate, each component can be particularly precisely positioned. Otherwise, it can be seen that thermal deformation may occur, which may in particular affect the distance to the reinforcing element, for example the cover plate. The spotting can be done, for example, by a dry joint, in particular by welding, in particular by welding.

According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect,

Forming a recess in the cover plate and damping layer prior to connection to the base plate; and

- joining the cover plate to the base plate and in particular welding it in the region where the recess is formed.

The recesses are designed, for example, in bores. It has been found that by forming a recess in the cover plate and the damping layer, it is possible to directly connect (in particular welding, for example MIP point welding) the cover plate and the base plate (in addition to the connection via the damping layer mentioned). This reduces the risk of peeling the base plate and cover plate, for example, due to thermal deformation. It may be desirable for the joining to be carried out with the cover plate and base plate pre-connected (specifically attached) through the damping layer.

Thus, preferably, the component has a recess in the cover plate and the damping layer, and the cover plate is coupled with the base plate in the recessed area. The recesses may be closed, for example, by welding additives.

Advantageously, the components according to the first aspect can be used in particular in the manufacture of machines, farm machinery, transformers or vehicles.

According to a third aspect, the components according to the first aspect can be used particularly advantageously in shipbuilding, in particular in supporting ship structures, hulls of ships, walls of ships, bulkheads of ships, ventilation ducts of ships and / This is because it requires stringent specifications for stiffness and operational reliability with a high demand for sound attenuation in this field.

The corresponding components and the manufacturing method according to the preferred embodiments of the second aspect are described in the description of the invention above and below. Each method step for producing them by the disclosure of components in accordance with the preferred embodiments of the first aspect is also disclosed.

Figures 1A-1E are perspective views of schematic representations of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the present invention for the manufacture of an exemplary embodiment of a component according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view of a schematic representation of the exemplary embodiment of Figure 1e.
Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged side view of the exemplary embodiment of Figure IE;
Figure 4 is a schematic side view of the connection area before welding.
5A and 5B are enlarged views of a welding area of an exemplary embodiment of a component according to the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will now be described in more detail by way of example embodiments with reference to the drawings.

1A-1E are perspective views of a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention for the manufacture of an exemplary embodiment of a component (1) according to the present invention (see FIG. The order represented is for clarity only. This means that the implementation of the method may be performed differently than the order of the method steps.

1A shows two base plates 2. These base plates can be made of steel, for example, and have a thickness of about 3 mm. Fig. 1B shows a manner in which a plurality of cover plates 4 are arranged on each base plate 2. Fig. A self-adhesive damping layer 10 is provided at the bottom of the cover plate 4. 1C and 1D show how the cover plate 4 is placed on the base plate 2 and attached to the base plate 2 in a patchwork manner. Also shown are reinforcing elements 6, 8 designed as longitudinal reinforcing elements 6 and transverse reinforcing elements 8. Figure IE shows all the reinforcement elements. That is, in this case, six longitudinal reinforcement elements 6 and two transverse reinforcement elements 8 are arranged at their corresponding positions to form the component 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1E, and FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged side view of the exemplary embodiment of FIG.

However, preferably the fabrication of the component 1 is not done in the order shown. Particularly, the production of the component 1 will be described with reference to other drawings.

Figure 3 shows the damping layer 10 on the side of the cover plate 4 in the section within the connection area 12, the base plate 2 without the cover plate 4 and the section within the at least connection area 12 (See FIG. 4).

Figure 4 is a schematic side view further enlarging the connection region 12 before welding. The reinforcing element 6 can be connected to both the base plate 2 and the cover plate 4 on the cover plate side in the connecting region 12. [ To this end, the sides of the reinforcing elements 6, 8 facing the base plate 2 are chamfered at an angle of about 30 to 40 degrees. Fig. 4 shows the resulting chamfered edge 14 as a result. The reinforcing elements 6,8 are disposed on the base plate 2 and are preferably fixed to the base plate 2 (temporarily) by welding points.

A self-adhesive cover plate 4 is provided in the region between the longitudinal reinforcing element 6 and the transverse reinforcing element 8, respectively. (For example, consisting of a damping layer 10 and a cover plate 4, which are designed as films with a thickness of about 50 [mu] m) and between the attached patches and the surrounding longitudinal and transverse reinforcement elements 6, A predetermined distance is maintained. This distance may vary depending on the thickness of the reinforcement element. 4, there is no cover plate 4 and damping layer 10 on the base plate 2 in the section in the connecting region 12. [ In this case, the width 16 of the free area is about 16 mm.

The cover plate 4 is then secured to the damping layer 10 so as not to be selectively thermally deformed at a precisely defined distance on the base plate 2 using a fusing technique. The reinforcing elements 6 and 8 are then welded to the base plate 2 and the cover plate 4 both surrounded by the fillet welds 18 in a T-joint.

To this end, FIG. 5A shows an enlarged image of the post-welding state of the connection region 12 shown in FIG. The fillet welds 18 connecting the reinforcing elements 6 and 8 to both the base plate 2 and the cover plate 4 can be seen. A wire electrode, particularly a solid wire electrode, is used to form the fillet weld 18. In one embodiment, a wire electrode of the Boehler EMK8 type having a wire thickness of 1.0 mm was fed at a rate of 13 m / min at about 240A. In another embodiment, wires were fed at a rate of 8 m / min with a wire electrode of Union K56 type having a wire thickness of 1.2 mm operating in pulsed form. Both cases were welded in an atmosphere of Ar 82% and CO ₂ 18%. By using the wire, the appearance of the weld and the flat weld transition became very good during the fabrication and the splash was very small. It should be noted that there is no undercut, and no peeling has occurred.

The MIG point welding is applied to the base plate 2 on the surface of the cover plate 4 so as to prevent the composite portion of the cover plate 4 and the damping layer 10 from being lifted from the base plate 2 by thermal deformation, Point connection portion. To this end, the composite part of the cover plate 4 and the damping layer 10 is provided with one or more bores (not shown) prior to attachment to the base plate 2, Is welded to the base plate (2).

Each sandwich element or composite made of the base plate 2, the cover plate 4 and the damping layer 10, during the manufacture of a large component, for example a large segment of a ship, is connected by a butt joint do. Corresponding neighboring plates 2, 4 are shown as area 13 on the left in Fig. It has been found that the following method can cover the plates 2 and 4 without error. The edges of the cover plate 4 in the joint region are heated to approximately 900-1000 DEG C using an autogenous flame. Local heating thermally decomposes the adherent layer to reduce defects that can occur in subsequent welding processes. In this case, the distance of the base plate 2 for welding is about 1 mm, and the distance of the cover plate 4 is about 3 mm. Wire electrodes, especially metal powder filler wires (eg Robofil M71 type or Union K56 type), have proven to be effective in butt joint welding.

Figure 5b shows the welding performed using butt joints and I-welding (20). In one embodiment, a Union K56 type wire electrode having a thickness of 1.2 mm was used, which was fed at a rate of 6 m / min. The welding was carried out in an atmosphere of Ar 82% and CO ₂ 18%. By using the above-described wire rod, the appearance of the weld and the flat welding transition became excellent. The above-described joining process can be performed by both manual welding and automated welding. The use of a laser hybrid process is also particularly worth considering.

Periodic load variation tests were performed on the welded components described above. The upper load was 20 kN and the lower load was 2 kN. It has been demonstrated that, for example, in a starting distance load range of 0.227 mm, a distance variation of only 0.051 mm can be achieved with a distance load range of 0.227 mm after a load variation of 2.0 × 10 ⁶ is achieved. Using another sample it has been proven that a distance variation of only 0.013 mm can be achieved, for example from a starting distance load range of 0.218 mm, to a distance load range of 0.221 mm after a load variation of 2.0 x 10 ⁶ is achieved. This allows components to meet the requisite operational reliability and rigidity requirements lightly.

Alternatively, and not shown here, the dimensions of the base plate or base plates and the cover plate or cover plate are basically the same and they are connected or attached to each other with a damping layer. They must be locally fixed by welding points, especially if necessary. In contrast to the above-described method (patchwork), the predefined connecting area is formed by locally abrading the cover plate and the damping layer region connected to its cover plate by thermal processing and / or machining to connect them to the reinforcing elements, The base plate is not covered. This ablation process may be performed by plasma gouging or milling. The connection with the reinforcing elements can then be made in the uncovered area as described above.

Claims (22)

At least one base plate (2),
- at least one cover plate (4) arranged on the base plate (2)
- at least one damping layer (10) arranged between the base plate (2) and the cover plate (4), and
- a component comprising at least one reinforcing element (6, 8), in particular a component manufactured according to any one of claims 13 to 22,
At least at the side of the cover plate of the section of the section in the connection region 12 there is no cover plate 4 and damping layer 10 on the base plate 2 and the reinforcing elements 6 , 8) are connected to the base plate (2) and the cover plate (4). The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that the reinforcing elements (6, 8) are designed as a strip shape, in particular a Holland profile. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Characterized in that the reinforcing elements (6, 8) are connected to the base plate (2) and the cover plate (4) by a rigidly bonded manner, in particular by welding. 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Characterized in that it comprises a chamfer (14) on one side or both sides on the side of the reinforcing element (6, 8) facing the base plate (2). 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Characterized in that the damping layer (10) is particularly attached to the base plate (2) and the cover plate (4) in a rigid bonding manner. 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Characterized in that the damping layer (10) is designed as a film, in particular a film with a thickness of less than 200 mu m, preferably a film with a thickness less than 100 mu m. 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Characterized in that the component (1) comprises a plurality of base plates (2), a plurality of cover plates (4) and / or a plurality of reinforcing elements (6, 8). 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Wherein the component 1 comprises at least two base plates 2 and at least one cover plate 4 is arranged on each of the base plates 2 and on which a cover plate 4 is arranged, Characterized in that the plates (2) are connected by butt joints. 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Characterized in that the component comprises at least one longitudinal reinforcing element and a transverse reinforcing element as reinforcing elements. 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Characterized in that the reinforcing elements (6, 8) on one side and the cover plate (4) and damping layer (10) on the other side are spaced a predetermined distance from one another in the connecting area (12). 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims,
Characterized in that the component (1) is a component of the supporting structure of the ship, in particular a hull of a ship, a wall of a ship, a bulkhead of a ship, a ventilation duct of a ship and / or a deck of a ship. Use of component (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for use in shipbuilding, in particular supporting ship structures, hulls of ships, walls of ships, bulkheads of ships, ventilation ducts of ships and / or decks of ships. - providing at least one base plate (2)
- providing at least one reinforcing element (6, 8)
- placing at least one cover plate (4) on the base plate (2), providing a damping layer (10) between the base plate (2) and the cover plate (4)
Connecting the reinforcing elements (6,8) to the base plate (2) and the cover plate (4) on the side of the cover plate within the connecting region (12) of the base plate (2) And a step in which the cover plate (4) and the damping layer (10) are absent in some sections, in particular the component manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 11. 14. The method of claim 13,
Characterized in that the reinforcing elements (6, 8) are connected to the base plate (2) and the cover plate (4) by a rigidly bonded manner, in particular by welding. The method according to claim 13 or 14,
- on one side of the side of the reinforcing element 6, 8 facing the base plate 2, preferably on both sides, before the reinforcing elements 6, 8 are connected to the base plate 2 and the cover plate 4, Further comprising the step of chamfering the elements (6, 8). 16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15,
Further comprising the step of fixing the reinforcing elements (6, 8) in place to the base plate (2) before placing the cover plate (4) on the base plate (2). 17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16,
- providing at least one cover plate (4) provided with a damping layer (10) in advance. 18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17,
Characterized in that the cover plate (4) is connected to the base plate (2) in such a way that it is firmly bonded using the damping layer (10). 19. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 18,
The base plate 2, the damping layer 10 and the reinforcing elements 6 and 8 are joined to the reinforcing elements 6 and 8 on one side in the connecting region 12 and the cover plate 4 and damping layer 10 ≪ / RTI > are arranged relative to one another so as to maintain a predetermined distance between them. 20. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 19,
- fixing the cover plate (4) in place on the base plate (2), in particular before fixing the reinforcing elements (6, 8) on the cover plate side before connection to the base plate (2) ≪ / RTI > 21. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 20,
- forming a recess in the cover plate (4) and the damping layer (10) before connection to the base plate (2) and
- welding the cover plate (4) to the base plate (2) in particular in the area where the recess is formed. 22. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 21,
At least one cover plate (4) arranged above each of the plurality of base plates (2) is provided,
- connecting the neighboring base plates (2) on which the cover plate (4) is disposed, by butt jointing each other.

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