KR20180116514A - Apparatus and method for controlling peak power - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling peak power and a method thereof. The apparatus for controlling peak power according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a load usage predicting portion for predicting a load usage of a building; and a control portion for gradually controlling the load of the building after a real-time power usage measured by a meter reaches a set value corresponding to a certain level of a peak power of the building, wherein the control portion is able to gradually control the load of the building by resetting the set value to a value reduced by a certain ratio when a prediction result of the load usage reaches a target value of the peak power of the building.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING PEAK POWER [0002]

The present invention relates to a peak power control apparatus and a method thereof, and more particularly, to a peak power control apparatus and method thereof, in which, when real-time power consumption reaches a previous level of building peak power, And more particularly, to a peak power control apparatus and method for comparing peak power by changing a set value for controlling the load of a building stepwise.

Further, the present invention limits the increase of electric energy usage when the real-time power consumption reaches or exceeds the target set value of the peak power while the normal mode is in progress, and increases the supply of the dissimilar energy, To a peak power control apparatus and method therefor.

The current electricity rate is composed of the base rate and the usage rate. The basic charge is to recover fixed costs such as depreciation expenses based on investment in power supply facilities, and the usage charge is mainly aimed at collecting variable costs such as fuel costs that occur depending on electricity usage.

However, the peak power plan is a tariff that charges the base rate of the electricity bill based on peak electricity. That is, the electricity rate is contracted on a yearly basis, and the peak value of the annual usage power of the previous year, which is checked every 15 minutes, is calculated as the basic charge for the next year, . Here, the peak power is the average power for 15 minutes (i.e., the power consumption [kWh] / supply time [h]), and the monthly maximum value of the value measured for a predetermined time becomes the peak power of the current month.

Since the peak power is the main cause of increasing the electricity rate, that is, the basic charge, it is necessary to control the peak power in order to reduce the basic charge.

The conventional peak power control scheme sequentially cuts off the power supplied to the power load of the building, thereby reducing the peak power. That is, in this method, the target value of the maximum demand power is set in advance for each step, and when the maximum demand power reaches the target value, the load facility of the predetermined building is sequentially controlled to keep the peak power below the target value.

However, this method can easily reduce the increase in the amount of electric power. However, in order to manage the maximum demand power in the summer season of 7, 8 and 9 months, the power supplied to the cooling load of the building is cut off, .

On the other hand, the peak power control method has been proposed in Korean Patent No. 1,012,145 for "peak evening management method of railroad load system". Korean Patent No. 1,012,145 discloses that when monitoring the trend of power consumed by the operation of the load facility in real time while the demand power of the load facility is expected to exceed the preset limit value, The peak power is controlled by pausing.

Therefore, it is necessary to control peak power control to reach the peak power and provide a comfortable working environment to the building users even if the power consumption increases.

Korean Patent No. 10-1012145 (registered on January 25, 2011)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and system for controlling a load of a building in accordance with a result of predicting a next- And to provide a peak power control apparatus and a method thereof for comparing peak power.

It is also an object of the present invention to limit the increase of electric energy usage when real-time power usage reaches or exceeds the target setpoint of peak power during normal mode operation, and by increasing supply of dissimilar energy, And to provide a peak power control apparatus and method thereof for maintaining a working environment.

A peak power control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a load usage predicting unit for predicting a load usage amount with respect to a building load; And a control unit for controlling the load of the building step by step as the real-time power consumption measured by the watt-hour meter reaches a set value corresponding to a certain level of building peak power, wherein the control unit estimates the load usage And when the result reaches the target value of the building peak power, the set value is reset to a reduced value to control the load of the building step by step.

The load usage predicting unit may predict the next day load usage of the building.

The set value may be set step by step from when the real time power consumption reaches 60 to 80 percent with respect to the building peak power.

The target value of the building peak power may be a threshold value for proceeding to reset the set value, which may be 90% of the building peak power.

The load usage predicting unit may estimate the load usage using at least one of the weather information of the previous year, the temperature inside and outside the building, the weather station data, the day event information, and the recent power consumption pattern.

In addition, the peak power control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include: a power limiting unit for adjusting external power use by a load of the building; And a heterogeneous energy supply unit for supplying the energy required for the building to the dormant energy instead of the electric energy, wherein the control unit resets the set value to gradually control the load of the building, When the building peak power is exceeded, the power limiting unit is controlled to limit the use of external power to the load of the building, and to supply the dissimilar energy to the building by controlling the dissimilar energy supply unit.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a peak power control apparatus comprising: a power limiting unit for controlling use of external power by a load of a building; A heterogeneous energy supply unit for supplying the energy required for the building as heterogeneous energy instead of electric energy; And controlling the power limiting unit to limit the use of external power to the load of the building according to a result of comparing the real-time power consumption measured by the watt-hour meter and the building peak power, and controlling the dissimilar energy supply unit to supply dissimilar energy to the building And a control unit for controlling the display unit.

The power limiter may block the use of external power due to the load of the building, except for the emergency power for emergency situations.

The dissimilar energy supply unit may supply dissimilar energy that provides the same level of substitute function as the function performed by the load of the building.

Meanwhile, a peak power control method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: estimating a load usage amount with respect to a building load; Resetting a set value corresponding to a certain level of the building peak power to a reduced value by a predetermined ratio when the prediction result of the load usage reaches a target value of the building peak power; And a step of controlling the load of the building step by step as the real time power consumption confirmed through the watt-hour meter reaches the reset set value.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of controlling the load of the building step by step as the real-time power consumption reaches a set value of the building peak power before the prediction step.

The predicting step can predict the next-day load usage with respect to the load of the building.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the controlling step, when the real time power consumption exceeds the building peak power, the use of external power is limited to the load of the building, and the supply of the dissimilar energy to the building Step;

In the present invention, as the real-time power consumption reaches the previous level of the building peak power, the preset load of the building is controlled step by step, and the set value for controlling the load of the building is changed in accordance with the prediction result of the next- .

Further, the present invention limits the increase of electric energy usage when the real-time power consumption reaches or exceeds the target set value of the peak power while the normal mode is in progress, and increases the supply of the dissimilar energy, Can be maintained.

In addition, the present invention can operate the normal mode at a higher level, so that it is possible to use cheap electricity at all times. If the peak power is likely to be reached through prediction of the next-day load usage, And can effectively prepare for peak power.

Further, the present invention can be applied to all buildings or buildings requiring peak power control.

1 is a diagram of a peak power control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,
2 is a diagram of a peak power control apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation of the normal mode according to the embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation of the limiting mode in FIG. 3,
5 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of the emergency mode in FIG. 3,
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in which the peak power control apparatus of FIG. 3 controls peak power.

For a better understanding of the present invention, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention may be modified into various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described in detail below. The present embodiments are provided to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention. Therefore, the shapes and the like of the elements in the drawings can be exaggeratedly expressed to emphasize a clearer description. It should be noted that in the drawings, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals. Detailed descriptions of well-known functions and constructions which may be unnecessarily obscured by the gist of the present invention are omitted.

1 is a diagram of a peak power control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the peak power control apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention controls the arrival of a peak power in a building or a building, and provides a comfortable working environment Environment can be provided. Here, since the peak power is determined for each building, the criterion corresponding to the target peak power for comparing whether the peak power is reached in a building or a building is hereinafter referred to as "building peak power ".

To this end, the peak power control apparatus 100 includes a database 110, a control unit 120, and a next-day load usage predicting unit 130.

The database 110 stores the real-time power consumption of each power device 20. That is, the control unit 120 confirms the real-time power consumption through the watt-hour meter 10 of the intelligent meter reading infrastructure (AMI) and stores it in the database 110.

The control unit 120 controls the peak power according to an operation mode to be described later.

First, the controller 120 operates by applying a mode (hereinafter, referred to as a "normal mode") in which the load of the building is controlled step by step as the real-time power consumption reaches a set value of the building peak power. At this time, the control unit 120 may apply various methods of stepwise controlling the load of the building (i.e., the power device 20). For example, the control unit 120 may step-by-step control each floor of the building or may control each type of the power equipment 20 installed in the building step by step.

Here, the 'normal mode setting value' for judging to what level the real-time power consumption reaches the building peak power indicates a value indicating how much the real-time power consumption has a percentage (%) with respect to the building peak power . For example, when controlling the FCU (Fan Coil Unit) of each floor of a 4-story building, the normal mode setting values for controlling the FCU step by step are 70% (4th floor), 75% (3 Layer), 80% (two layers), and 85% (one layer).

However, the controller 120 checks the next-day load usage amount through the next-day load usage predicting unit 130 to determine whether the target peak power reaches a target value (i.e., 90% of the building peak power). Here, the control unit 120 may determine the point of time for confirming the next day load usage according to the preset peak power management rule or may be determined according to the administrator's selection. At this time, the control unit 120 operates by applying a mode (hereinafter referred to as a "restricted mode") for changing and resetting the normal mode set value when the next day load usage is expected to reach the target value of the building peak power. The target value of the building peak power corresponds to a threshold value that changes from the normal mode to the limiting mode.

In this way, the control unit 120 operates in the same manner as the normal mode in the case of operating in the limited mode, but the 'limited mode set value', which is reset by changing the 'normal mode set value' Is applied. Here, the control unit 120 can operate in the limited mode when the next-day load usage is equal to or greater than the target value of the building peak power.

Here, since the 'limit mode setting value' is expected to cause the next-day load usage to reach the same level as the building peak power, it is preferable that the set value reduced by a certain ratio is applied to the normal mode setting value. For example, when the next-day load usage is close to the peak power in a predetermined range (for example, within an error range of ± 5%), a limit mode set value that is about 5% lower than the general mode set value is applied, When the next-day load usage is equal to or exceeds the peak power, the limit mode setting value, which is about 10% lower than the normal mode setting value, is applied. In the above-mentioned example, when the next-day load usage exceeds the peak power, the limit mode setting value is 60% (4th floor), 65% (third floor ), 70% (two layers), and 75% (one layer). In this case, when the next-day load usage reaches or exceeds the peak power, the control unit 120 controls the FCU (Fan Coil Unit) installed in each floor of the four-story building step by step, When 60% of the power is reached, it begins to control the temperature of the 4-layer FCU.

Since the normal mode setting value is larger than the limit mode setting value, the control unit 120 controls to use inexpensive electricity in the normal mode, and when the next-day load usage is likely to reach the peak power, Can be set low to prepare for peak power.

As described above, the control unit 120 controls the operation of the power device 20 according to the normal mode or the restricted mode, thereby limiting the use of power supplied through the ESS (Energy Storage System) 30 to control the peak power can do. The power device 20 may be a lighting load, a fan coil unit (FCU), an air conditioner, or the like as a load of a building. Here, the illuminance can be controlled in stepwise manner, the FCU can be controlled in a stepwise manner, and the temperature of the air conditioner can be controlled step by step.

The next-day load usage predicting unit 130 can predict the next-day load usage of each power device 20 or the entire building. The next-day load usage predicting unit 130 can predict the next-day load usage in consideration of the weather information of the previous year, the temperatures inside and outside of the building, weather station data, day-time event information, and recent power consumption patterns. The next-day load usage predicting unit 130 may be located inside or outside the peak power control apparatus 100 to provide the control unit 120 with information on the usage amount of the load.

Although the description is limited to "next day (day before)" for convenience of explanation, the load usage may be predicted before the date set by the administrator such as two days before or one week before. Therefore, the next day usage load predicting unit 130 is not limited to 'next day'.

2 is a diagram of a peak power control apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, the peak power control apparatus 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention is the same as the peak power control apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The peak power control apparatus 200 of FIG. 2 includes a database 210, a control unit 220, a power limiting unit 230, and a dissimilar energy supply unit 240.

The controller 120 checks the real-time power consumption of each power device 20 through the watt-hour meter 10 of the intelligent meter-reading infrastructure (AMI) and stores it in the database 210.

The control unit 220 controls the peak power according to an operation mode to be described later.

First, the controller 120 operates in a normal mode. That is, the controller 120 controls the preset load of the building (i.e., the power device 20) step by step as the real-time power consumption reaches a certain level of the building peak power. At this time, the controller 120 confirms whether the real-time power consumption reaches the set value of the building peak power during the normal mode.

When the real time power consumption reaches or exceeds the set peak power value during the normal mode, the control unit 120 limits the increase of the power supplied through the ESS 30 while maintaining the normal mode set value, (Hereinafter referred to as "emergency mode") in which necessary energy of the building is supplied to the different energy by using the energy supply unit 240. [ Here, the control unit 120 can operate in the emergency mode when the real-time power consumption is more than 90% of the building peak power during the normal mode.

The dissimilar energy supply unit 240 operates in the case of the emergency mode and uses the power supplied through the ESS 30 to control the functions (i.e., cooling, heating, power supply, etc.) Level replacement function. For example, the dissimilar energy supply unit 240 may perform a substitute function such as a cooling function using water or ground water instead of the air conditioner, a heating function using gas, cogeneration, and a power supply function using an emergency generator instead of using a hot air fan.

To this end, the control unit 120 controls the power limiting unit 230 to control the power supply by the ESS 30, and controls the dissimilar energy supply unit 240 to supply the dissimilar energy to the building.

However, the power limiter 230 may limit the power supply of the ESS 30 to keep or not exceed the set value of the building peak power. In this case, the power limiting unit 230 may cut off the remaining power supplied from the ESS 30, except for the emergency power for emergency situations.

The dissimilar energy supply unit 240 provides the same level of substitute functions that can be obtained through use of the power device 20 when the use of the power device 20 is restricted by the power supply restriction from the ESS 30. [ can do.

In this way, the control unit 220 increases the proportion of utilization of the substitute function by the dissimilar energy supply unit 240 while reducing the power supply proportion by the ESS 30, so that the power consumption increases and the real time power consumption reaches the building peak power It is possible to maintain a comfortable working environment in the building while controlling it.

In addition, although the control unit 220 has described only the case of applying the substitute function by the dissimilar energy supply unit 240 only in the emergency mode, the present invention is not limited to this, Alternative functionality may be applied.

Although the peak power control apparatuses 100 and 200 according to the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the peak power control apparatuses 100 and 200 may be integrated into one peak power control apparatus. In this case, the normal mode, the restricted mode, and the emergency mode are sequentially performed, and even when the limited mode is applied, the emergency mode can be applied when the real time power consumption exceeds the building peak power.

The description of the configuration will be omitted because it can be easily understood through the description of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 described above.

3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation of the normal mode according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example in which the peak power control apparatuses 100 and 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention control the peak power of the four-story building in a stepwise manner in the normal mode.

First, the peak power control apparatuses 100 and 200 measure the real-time power consumption through the watt-hour meter 10 of the intelligent meter reading infrastructure (AMI) (S301). At this time, the peak power control apparatus 100, 200 compares the real-time power consumption with the general mode setting value of the building peak power to control the FCU step by step (S302 to S309).

Specifically, when the real-time power consumption is 70% of the building peak power (S302), the peak power control devices 100 and 200 control the FCU temperature of the fourth layer (S303). If the real-time power consumption is 75% of the building peak power (S304), the peak power control devices 100 and 200 control the FCU temperature of the third layer (S305). If the real-time power consumption is 80% of the building peak power (S306), the peak power control devices 100 and 200 control the FCU temperature of the second layer (S307). In addition, if the real-time power consumption is 85% of the building peak power (S308), the peak power control devices 100 and 200 control the FCU temperature of the first floor (S309).

As described above, the peak power control apparatuses 100 and 200 perform a process of confirming in a stepwise manner which level of the general mode set value of the building peak power corresponds to the real time power consumption amount, .

On the other hand, if the peak power control apparatuses 100 and 200 do not correspond to the steps S302, S304, S306 and S308 for determining the level of the normal mode set value of the building peak power, (S301).

In addition, the peak power control apparatus 100, 200 may notify the manager of the result of the step S302, S304, S306, S308 of confirming the level of the normal mode set value of the building peak power S310). At this time, the peak power control apparatuses 100 and 200 can transmit a text message (SMS) to an administrator terminal (not shown).

4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation of the limiting mode of FIG.

The peak power control apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 checks the usage amount of the next day load and confirms whether to apply the limit mode.

The peak power control apparatus 100 confirms the next-day load usage amount and determines whether the next-day load usage amount is expected to reach the target value of the building peak power (S321, S322).

That is, if the next-day load usage is not expected to reach the target value of the building peak power (S322), the peak power control apparatus 100 maintains the normal mode in the next day (S323).

On the other hand, if the next-day load usage is expected to reach the target value of the building peak power (S322), the peak power control apparatus 100 switches to the next-day limited mode (S324). At this time, the peak power control apparatus 100 changes the normal mode set value to a limited mode set value reduced by a certain ratio to apply the restricted mode (S325).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of the emergency mode in FIG.

The peak power control apparatus 200 of FIG. 2 performs a process of confirming whether the emergency mode is to be applied during the normal mode.

The peak power control apparatus 200 measures the real time power consumption during the normal mode operation (S331).

Thereafter, the peak power control device 200 confirms whether the real-time power consumption exceeds the building peak power (S332).

That is, if the real-time power consumption does not exceed the building peak power (S332), the peak power control apparatus 200 maintains the normal mode (S333).

On the other hand, when the real-time power consumption exceeds the building peak power (S332), the peak power control apparatus 200 switches to the emergency mode (S334). At this time, the peak power control apparatus 200 controls the usage amount of the electric power equipment to limit the increase of the electric energy usage amount, and instead increases the usage amount of the dissimilar energy (S335, S335). In this case, the use of electrical energy from the emergency power supply is excluded. The use of dissimilar energy can maintain the heating / cooling setpoint temperature even if the use of electric energy is limited.

In addition, the peak power control apparatus 200 can notify the manager of the emergency mode switching result (S334) (S337). At this time, the peak power control apparatus 200 can transmit a text message (SMS) to an administrator terminal (not shown).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in which the peak power control apparatus of FIG. 3 controls peak power.

The peak power control apparatus 200 may be set as a section for controlling the peak power in a specific time period (e.g., 2:00 to 3:00 pm). However, the actual peak power can peak at 2 am. This is because of the battery inversion time or the peak power can be increased by using the power at the same time because there are many late night devices.

Therefore, it is preferable that the peak power control device 200 sets a plurality of steps and sequentially controls the load in accordance with the step. That is, the peak power control apparatus 200 can save the base charge by not only blocking the maximum demand control but also by controlling the operation state and equipment to reduce the peak power pleasantly and efficiently.

As shown in Fig. 6, the peak power control apparatus 200 determines whether the actual power consumption reaches a set value of the building peak power, and performs an operation for controlling the peak power accordingly.

For example, the peak power control device 200 controls the blowing of the third and fourth floor FCUs when the actual power usage reaches 70% of the building peak power.

Peak power control device 200 controls the blowing of the first and second tier FCUs when the actual power usage reaches 80% of the building peak power.

The peak power control apparatus 200 blocks blowing of the FCUs of the third and fourth layers when the actual power consumption reaches 85% of the building peak power and controls the dimming of the entire lighting to 80% ) And ESS discharge (10% of current peak power).

The peak power control apparatus 200 blocks the blowing of the first and second floor FCUs when the actual power consumption reaches 90% of the building peak power and controls the dimming of the entire lighting to 70% 80% control) and ESS discharge (15% of current peak power).

The peak power control device 200 minimizes power usage when the actual power usage reaches 95% of the building peak power, but blocks the use of external power except for emergency power usage.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims. It is also to be understood that the invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

10: AMI (watt hour meter) 20: Electronic device
30: ESS 110, 210: Database
120, 220: control unit 130: next day load usage predicting unit
230: power limitation unit 240: heterogeneous energy supply unit

Claims (13)

Estimating load usage for a building load; And
And a control unit for controlling the load of the building step by step as the real-time power consumption measured by the watt-hour meter reaches a set value corresponding to a certain level of building peak power,
Wherein the control unit controls the load of the building step by step by resetting the set value to a predetermined reduced value when the predicted result of the load usage reaches a target value of the building peak power.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the load usage predicting unit predicts a next-day load usage amount of the building.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the set value is set stepwise from when the real time power consumption reaches 60 to 80 percent with respect to the building peak power.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the target value of the building peak power is a threshold value for proceeding to reset the set value, which is about 90% of the building peak power.
The method according to claim 1,
The load usage predicting unit predicts,
A peak power control device for predicting load usage using at least one of weather information of previous year, temperatures inside and outside of a building, weather station data, day event information, and recent power consumption patterns.
The method according to claim 1,
A power limiting unit for adjusting external power usage by a load of the building; And
And a heterogeneous energy supply unit for supplying the energy required for the building to the heterogeneous energy instead of the electric energy,
Wherein,
When the real time power consumption exceeds the building peak power while the load of the building is controlled step by step by resetting the set value, the power limiting unit is controlled to limit the use of external power to the load of the building, And controls the energy supply unit to supply dissimilar energy to the building.
A power limiter for controlling the use of external power by the building load;
A heterogeneous energy supply unit for supplying the energy required for the building as heterogeneous energy instead of electric energy; And
The control unit controls the power limiting unit based on a result of comparison between the real-time power consumption measured by the watt-hour meter and the building peak power to limit the use of external power to the load of the building and to supply the dissimilar energy to the building by controlling the dissimilar energy supply unit And a control unit for controlling the peak power.
8. The method of claim 7,
The power limiting unit may include:
A peak power control apparatus for shutting off the use of external power due to the load of the building, except emergency power for emergency situations.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the dissimilar energy supply unit supplies dissimilar energy that provides a substitute function at the same level as a function performed by a load of the building.
Predicting load usage for a building load;
Resetting a set value corresponding to a certain level of the building peak power to a reduced value by a predetermined ratio when the prediction result of the load usage reaches a target value of the building peak power; And
Controlling the load of the building step by step as the real-time power consumption confirmed through the watt-hour meter reaches the reset set value;
≪ / RTI >
11. The method of claim 10,
Prior to the predicting step,
And gradually controlling the load of the building as the real-time power consumption reaches a set value of the building peak power.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the predicting step predicts the next-day load usage with respect to the load of the building.
11. The method of claim 10,
After the control step,
And limiting the use of external power to the load of the building when the real-time power usage exceeds the building peak power, and supplying dissimilar energy to the building.

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