KR20180115378A - Radiation heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a radiation heater heating by using radiant heat for providing a heating effect with a low power in a short time. The radiation heater according to the present invention comprises a heat insulation plate and a heating body film. The heating body film is installed on the heat insulation plate and has a plurality of plate-shaped heating bodies heated by receiving a power supply and emitting the radiant heat. The plurality of plate-shaped heating bodies are formed by printing a heating body composition containing a carbon nanotube particle and a graphite particle as conductive particles.

Description

Radiation heater

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a radiant heater using radiant heat, and more particularly, to a radiant heater having a radiator film that emits high radiant heat with low power.

Environmental regulations such as exhaust emissions and fuel efficiency regulations in the automobile sector have been strengthened each year, and the growth of eco-friendly cars such as electric cars and hybrid cars has become a reality. Also, because Volkswagen's diesel gates have eliminated the solution for diesel cars, the electric car market is expected to grow beyond the expectations of experts. In fact, BMW and BYD's 2016 electric vehicle production has been reported to have increased by more than the previous year.

Despite the rapid growth of the electric car market, one of the problems to be solved technically is maximizing the heating efficiency in low temperature environment. That is, an electric vehicle is an automobile that uses electric energy as a main power source through a battery without an engine, so a heat source for heating such as a heater is separately required. When an electric vehicle is exposed to the outside environment for a long time in an outdoor environment, the demand for radiant heaters (hereinafter referred to as " radiation heaters ") is increased on the knees nearest to the driver have.

In addition to electric cars, radiant heaters are installed in various environments, such as the lower part of an office desk or installed on a wall.

A PTC element (Positive Temperature Coefficient Element) can be used as a heat source for such a radiation heater. The PTC device can be used as a heating element because resistance heat is generated when a current is supplied. When the temperature rises due to heat generation, when the temperature reaches a specific temperature, the resistance value rapidly increases, and current flow is suppressed to stop the heat generation.

However, the radiation heater using the PTC device has a problem that the power consumption is high, the heat efficiency is lower than the power used, and the heating rate is slow.

Published Patent Application No. 2016-0039415 (Apr.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a radiation heater that emits high radiation power with low power.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a radiation heater having a high heating rate.

According to an aspect of the present invention, And a plurality of planar heating elements mounted on the insulating plate, the planar heating elements emitting heat by receiving power and radiating radiant heat, wherein the plurality of planar heating elements are formed by printing a heating element composition containing carbon nanotube particles and graphite particles as conductive particles And a radiator film formed on the radiator film.

Wherein the heating body film comprises: a base substrate on which a lower surface is disposed on the heat insulating plate; An electrode wiring pattern of a metal material formed on an upper surface of the base substrate; The plurality of planar heating elements being formed by printing the heating element composition to be connected to the electrode wiring pattern on the upper surface of the base substrate and receiving power by the electrode wiring pattern to generate heat; And a cover layer sealing the upper surface of the base substrate on which the plurality of area heating elements are formed and discharging heat generated from the plurality of area heating elements.

Wherein the heating element composition for forming the plurality of planar heating elements comprises a mixed binder containing hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin or containing epoxy acrylate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin; And the conductive particles further comprising silver powder, silver coated nickel powder or silver coated copper powder.

The base substrate may include a metal substrate, a plastic substrate, or a ceramic substrate having an insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the electrode wiring pattern and the plurality of surface heating elements.

The plurality of planar heating elements are arranged in a plane.

The material of the cover layer may include a urethane resin, a silicone resin, or an imide resin.

The radiating heater according to the present invention may further include a radiation plate that is bonded to an upper portion of the heating element film and receives heat from the heating element film to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays.

Wherein the radiation plate comprises: a metal foil bonded to an upper portion of the cover layer; And a ceramic layer formed on the metal foil to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays.

The radiating heater according to the present invention has an inner space in which the heat insulating plate and the heating body film are inserted and fixed and the inner space has an opening formed therein for radiating radiant heat generated from the heating body film toward the upper side of the heating body film; .

The radiating heater according to the present invention may further include a protection net installed at an opening of the case above the heating element film.

The radiating heater according to the present invention is stacked on the heating element film, inserted and fixed in the inner space of the case under the protection net, laminated on the heating element film, receives heat from the heating element film, And a radiating plate for emitting radiation.

The present invention also relates to a vacuum cleaner comprising: a case having an inner space formed with openings on one side; An insulating plate provided on a bottom surface of the inner space of the case; And a plurality of planar heating elements inserted in an inner space of the case and installed on the insulating plate and arranged in a horizontal direction to emit heat in response to a power applied to the plurality of planar heating elements, A heating element film formed by printing a heating element composition containing particles and graphite particles; A radiation plate inserted in an inner space of the case and stacked on the heating body film to receive heat from the heating body film to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays; And a protection net installed at an opening of the case on the upper portion of the radiation plate.

Since the radiation heater according to the present invention includes the heating element film having the planar heating element capable of being driven with low power, it can emit high radiation heat with low power.

Since the area heating area of the heating element film is larger than that of the general PTC element, the heat loss during the heat transfer process can be minimized.

Since a planar heating element of a heating element film can be designed in various ways through a printing process, a heating element film can be manufactured so as to be driven at various driving voltages usable in an apparatus or environment in which the radiation heater according to the present invention is used.

Since the planar heating element of the heating element film is formed of a heating element composition in the form of a paint containing conductive particles and a mixed binder, it has advantages of low specific resistance and excellent thermal conductivity, which is advantageous for low voltage driving and fast heating rate. That is, since the heat generating composition includes a mixed binder including hexamethylene diisocyanate or epoxy acrylate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenol resin together with the conductive particles, the heat resistance can be maintained even at a temperature of 200 ° C or higher. Accordingly, the radiant heater according to the present invention can provide a radiant heater having a planar heating element with high heat-generating behavior and high stability due to a small change in resistance with temperature.

Since the planar heating element formed of the heating element composition including the carbon nanotube particles and the graphite particles is a black body, the radiant heater according to the present invention can achieve an additional energy efficiency improvement due to the blackbody radiation. Since the radiant heater according to the present invention also emits far-infrared rays due to black body radiation, it is possible to provide a far-infrared ray beneficial to the user. Further, when a radiation plate on which a ceramic layer that emits far-infrared rays is formed on the top of the heating-element film is provided, the emission amount of the far-infrared rays can be further increased.

The heating element composition can provide a radiation heater capable of heating at a low voltage and a low power with a low resistivity and easy thickness control.

Since the heating element composition is capable of screen printing, roll-to-roll gravure printing, roll-to-roll comma coating, flexo printing and offset printing, it is advantageous for mass production of the radiation heater according to the present invention, can do.

1 is a plan view showing a radiation heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 in Fig.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiation heater according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig.
5 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiation heater according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiant heater according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiant heater according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a plan view showing a unit heating element of the heating body film according to the first to fourth experimental examples.
9 to 12 are graphs showing changes in the pre-current and the heating temperature of the unit heating element according to the first to fourth experimental examples.
13 is a photograph showing a radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example.
14 is a thermal image of a radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example.
15 is a thermal image of a heating body film of a radiating heater according to the fifth experimental example.
16 is a graph showing a change in surface temperature of the radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example.

In the following description, only parts necessary for understanding embodiments of the present invention will be described, and descriptions of other parts will be omitted to the extent that they do not disturb the gist of the present invention.

The terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary meanings and the inventor is not limited to the meaning of the terms in order to describe his invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, so that various equivalents And variations are possible.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First Embodiment]

1 is a plan view showing a radiation heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1, the illustration of the electrode wiring pattern for applying power to the plurality of surface heat emission elements 40 is omitted.

1 and 2, a radiant heater 100 according to the first embodiment includes a heat insulating plate 80 and a heat generating film 10, and includes a heater (not shown) to be. The heating body film 10 has a plurality of planar heating elements 40 joined to the heat insulating plate 80 and receiving radiant heat to generate radiant heat. The plurality of planar heating elements 40 are formed by printing a heating element composition containing carbon nanotube particles and graphite particles as conductive particles.

The heat insulating plate 80 is provided with a heating body film 10 at an upper portion thereof and suppresses the heat generated from the heating body film 10 from being discharged downward through the heat insulating plate 80. The heat insulating plate (80) allows the heat to be generated in the heating body film (10) to be discharged onto the heat insulating plate (80). The insulating plate 80 may be made of a material having heat resistance and electrical insulation, such as glass wool or mica, but is not limited thereto.

The heating element film 10 includes a base substrate 20, an electrode wiring pattern 30, a plurality of surface heating elements 40, and a cover layer 50. The base substrate 20 is a base layer capable of forming the electrode wiring pattern 30, the plurality of surface heating elements 40, and the cover layer 50. The electrode wiring pattern 30 is formed on one surface of the base substrate 20 and may be formed of a metal material. The plurality of planar heating elements 40 are formed by printing a heating element composition on the electrode wiring pattern 30 on one side of the base substrate 20 and receive electric power by the electrode wiring pattern 30 to generate heat. The cover layer 50 seals one surface of the base substrate 20 on which the plurality of surface heat emission elements 40 are formed, and the heat generated from the plurality of surface heat emission elements 40 is emitted.

The base substrate 20 has a lower surface 21 and an upper surface 23 opposite the lower surface 21. The lower surface 21 of the base substrate 20 is bonded to the upper surface of the heat insulating plate 80. The electrode wiring pattern 30, the plurality of surface heat emission elements 40 and the cover layer 50 are formed on the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20. As the base substrate 20, a plastic substrate, a metal substrate, or a ceramic substrate can be used. Examples of the material of the plastic substrate include polyimide, polyethersulphone (PES), polyacrylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyallylate, polycarbonate (PC), cellulose triacetate (CTA), or cellulose acetate propionate propinonate < / RTI > (CAP) may be used and are not limited to those listed.

The metal substrate used as the base substrate 20 includes a metal plate and an insulating layer formed on the upper surface 23 of the metal plate on which the electrode wiring pattern 30 and the plurality of surface heating elements 40 are formed. As the material of the insulating layer, at least one of the above-mentioned materials of the plastic substrate may be used.

The base substrate 20 can be appropriately selected depending on the application field in which the radiation heater 100 is used or the heat generation temperature.

The electrode wiring pattern 30 is formed on the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20 and supplies an external power source to the surface heating element 40. The electrode wiring pattern 30 may be formed of a metal material so as to minimize a voltage drop. Silver, aluminum, copper, nickel, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof may be used as the metal material for forming the electrode wiring pattern 30.

The electrode wiring pattern 30 can be formed by an etching method using a metal foil or a printing method using a metal paste. That is, the electrode wiring pattern 30 can be formed by laminating a metal foil on the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20 and then patterning it by an etching method. Or the electrode wiring pattern 30 may be formed by printing a metal paste on the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20.

The electrode wiring pattern 30 may include a pair of electrode terminals 33 and a pair of electrode pads. The surface heat emission element 40 is formed to connect the pair of electrode terminals 33 and is sealed by the cover layer 50. The pair of electrode pads are respectively connected to the pair of electrode terminals 33 and protruded out of the cover layer 50 to receive power.

The planar heating element 40 is formed so as to connect the pair of electrode terminals 33 of the electrode wiring pattern 30. The planar heating element 40 is formed by printing a heating element composition so as to connect a pair of electrode terminals 33, followed by drying and curing. As the printing method of the heating element composition, screen printing, gravure printing (to roll to roll gravure printing), comma coating (to roll to roll comma coating), flexo, imprinting, offset printing and the like can be used. The drying and curing may be carried out at 100 ° C to 180 ° C.

The planar heating elements 40 are formed to be arranged horizontally on the base substrate. That is, the planar heating element may be formed on the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20 in an n row matrix (n, m is a natural number of 2 or more). For example, in the first embodiment, the example in which the area heating elements 40 are formed in three rows and three columns is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. At this time, the electrode wiring pattern 30 is formed to connect a plurality of surface heat emission elements 40 formed on the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20 in series or in parallel.

The heating element composition for forming the planar heating element 40 includes a mixed binder and conductive particles. In order to form the surface heating element 40, the heating element composition to be fed into the printing step further includes an organic solvent and a dispersing agent in addition to the mixed binder and the conductive particles.

The heating element composition may include 5 to 30 parts by weight of the mixed binder, 0.7 to 60 parts by weight of the conductive particles, 29 to 80 parts by weight of the organic solvent, and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of the dispersing agent, based on 100 parts by weight of the heating element composition.

The conductive particles include carbon particles or metal powder having conductivity. As the carbon particles, carbon nanotube particles or graphite particles can be used. As the metal powder, powders of silver, copper or nickel may be used. For example, the conductive particles may include 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of carbon nanotube particles, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of graphite particles or 10 to 60 parts by weight of metal powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the exothermic composition.

The carbon nanotube particles can be selected from single-walled carbon nanotubes, double-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, or mixtures thereof. For example, the carbon nanotube particles may be multi wall carbon nanotubes. When the carbon nanotube particles are multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the diameter may be 1 nm to 20 nm, and the length may be 1 to 100 mu m.

The graphite particles may have a diameter of 1 탆 to 25 탆 and a thickness of 1 nm to 25 탆.

The metal powders include powders of silver, copper or nickel. In the case of silver powder, it may have the form of a flake, a sphere, a polygonal plate, a rod, or the like. As the copper powder, silver coated Cu powder and nickel coated Cu powder can be used. As the nickel powder, silver coated Ni powder may be used.

When the planar heating element 40 is formed of the heating element composition including the carbon particles and the metal powder, the metal powder forms the main electrical network, and the space between the metal powders is filled with carbon particles to form a three-dimensional random network structure.

As described above, the heating element composition includes the carbon particles and the metal powder, so that the energy efficiency and heat generation rate of the surface heating element 40 can be increased. That is, the metal powder has no blackbody radiation function. However, by including carbon particles in the heating element composition, the black body radiation function can be realized. The heat resistance of the planar heating element 40 can be increased due to the carbon particles. Due to the carbon particles, the heat generation rate and energy efficiency of the surface heating element 40 can be increased.

The specific resistance of the area heating element 40 can be determined by the content of carbon particles or metal powder in the total solid content. For example, it is possible to control the resistivity by only carbon particles up to the area of 1 × 10 ^-2 Ω cm, but further introduction of the metal powder is required in the area below the area. A planar heating element 40 may have a specific resistance of 9 × 10 ^-2 to 1.1 × 10 ^-3 Ω㎝.

The mixed binder includes at least two of a phenol resin, an acetal resin, an isocyanate resin and an epoxy resin so as to have heat resistance even at a temperature of about 300 ° C. For example, the mixed binder includes at least two of epoxy, epoxy acrylate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin.

For example, the mixed binder may include hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin or may include epoxy acrylate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin. Wherein the mixed binder may include 10 to 150 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin and 100 to 500 parts by weight of a phenolic resin based on 100 parts by weight of epoxy acrylate or hexamethylene diisocyanate. When the phenolic resin is 100 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy acrylate or hexamethylene diisocyanate, the heat resistance is lowered. When the amount is more than 500 parts by weight, the flexibility of the surface heat emission element 40 is lowered and the brittleness may be increased.

By increasing the heat resistance of the mixed binder in this way, even when the area heating element 40 is heated to a high temperature of 300 deg. C or less, the resistance change or breakage of the area heating element 40 can be suppressed.

Here, the phenolic resin means a phenolic compound including phenol and phenol derivatives. For example, phenol derivatives include p-cresol, o-Guaiacol, Creosol, Catechol, 3-methoxy-1,2-benzenediol (3- methoxy-1,2-benzenediol, Homocatechol, Vinylguaiacol, Syringol, Iso-eugenol, Methoxyeugenol, o- Cresol, 3-methyl-1,2-benzenediol and (z) -2-methoxy-4- (1-propenyl) -phenol 2-methoxy-4- (1-propenyl) -phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-4- (2-propenyl) Phenol, 3,4-dimethoxy-Phenol, 4-ethyl-1,3-benzenediol, Resole phenol, 4-methyl-1,2-benzenediol, 1,2,4-benzene triol, 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol 2-Methoxy-6-methylphenol, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol or 4-ethyl-2-methoxy- , Etc. It is not.

The organic solvent is used for dispersing the conductive particles and the binder. The organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of Carbitol acetate, Butyl carbotol acetate, DBE (dibasic ester), Ethyl Carbitol, Ethyl Carbitol Acetate, Dipropylene Glycol Methyl ether, cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, butanol, and octanol.

Meanwhile, various methods commonly used may be applied to the dispersion process. For example, ultrasonic treatment (roll-milling), bead milling or ball milling Lt; / RTI >

Dispersing agents are used for smoother dispersion of conductive particles. Common dispersants used in the art such as BYK, amphoteric surfactants such as Triton X-100, and ionic surfactants such as SDS can be used.

The heating element composition may further comprise 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent as an additive to 100 parts by weight of the heating element composition.

The silane coupling agent functions as an adhesion promoter for enhancing the adhesion force between the resins when the heating element composition is compounded. The silane coupling agent may be an epoxy-containing silane or a mercaptan-containing silane. Examples of such silane coupling agents include epoxy-containing 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) -ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxytrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, (Aminoethyl) 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane having an amine group and N-2 , N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-triethoxysilyl- Propylamine, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, isocyanate, 3-isocyanate propyltriethoxysilane, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

The heating element composition may further comprise 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of ceramic particles as an additive to 100 parts by weight of the heating element composition. The ceramic particles increase the heat capacity of the surface heating element 40. As such ceramic particles, glass particles or silicon particles can be used.

The cover layer 50 is formed to cover the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20 on which the plurality of surface heat emission elements 40 are formed. The cover layer 50 has a function of protecting the electrode wiring pattern 30 and the plurality of surface heating elements 40 formed on the upper surface 23 of the base substrate 20 from the external environment and the function of protecting the plurality of surface heating elements 40 And discharges generated heat to the outside. As the material of the cover layer 50, a metal foil on which an insulating adhesive layer is formed on the contact surface with the urethane resin, the silicone resin, the imide resin or the surface heating element 40 may be used. As the material of the insulating adhesive layer, urethane or epoxy resin can be used. For example, the cover layer 50 may be bonded to the base substrate 20 by hot pressing or laminating.

Since the radiating heater 100 according to the first embodiment includes the heating element film 10 having a plurality of planar heating elements 40 that can be driven with low power, high radiation power can be emitted with low power.

Since the area heating area of the area heating element 40 of the heating element film 10 is larger than that of general PTC elements, the heat loss during the heat transfer process can be minimized.

Since the planar heating element 40 of the heating element film 10 can be designed in various ways through the printing process, the radiation heater 100 according to the first embodiment can be driven at various driving voltages usable in the equipment or the environment in which it is used The heating body film 10 can be produced.

Since the planar heating element 40 of the heating element film 10 is formed of a heating element composition in the form of a paint including a conductive particle and a mixed binder, it has advantages of low resistivity and excellent thermal conductivity, which are advantageous for low voltage driving and fast heating rate. That is, since the heat generating composition includes a mixed binder including hexamethylene diisocyanate or epoxy acrylate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenol resin together with the conductive particles, the heat resistance can be maintained even at a temperature of 200 ° C or higher. Thus, the radiant heater 100 according to the first embodiment can provide a radiant heater having a surface heating element 40 having a small change in resistance with temperature and having high heating behavior and stability.

Since the planar heating element 40 formed of the heating element composition including the carbon nanotube particles and the graphite particles is a black body, the radiation heater 100 according to the first embodiment can achieve additional energy efficiency Improvement can be obtained. Since the radiant heater 100 according to the first embodiment also emits far-infrared rays due to the blackbody radiation, it is possible to provide far-infrared rays useful for the user.

The heating element composition can provide the radiation heater 100 according to the first embodiment, which has a low resistivity and is easy to control the thickness, and is capable of high-temperature heating at low voltage and low power.

Since the heating element composition is capable of screen printing, roll-to-roll gravure printing, roll-to-roll comma coating, flexo printing and offset printing, it is advantageous for mass production of the radiation heater 100 according to the first embodiment, Can be solved.

[Second Embodiment]

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiant heater 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig.

3 and 4, the radiant heater 200 according to the second embodiment includes the heat insulating plate 80, the heating element film 10, and the case 90. The case 90 has an internal space 91 into which the heat insulating plate 80 and the heat generating film 10 are inserted and fixed. The inner space 91 is formed with an opening 93 for radiating radiant heat generated from the heating body film 10 toward the upper side of the heating body film 10.

That is, the radiant heater 200 according to the second embodiment differs from the radiant heater according to the first embodiment (100 of FIG. 2) in that it further includes a case 90. Since the heat insulating plate 80 and the heat generating film 10 except for the case 90 have the same configuration as the radiation heater according to the first embodiment, the case 90 will be mainly described.

A heat insulating plate 80 and a heating body film 10 are sequentially stacked in an internal space 91 of the case 90. [ A heat insulating plate 80 is laminated on the bottom surface 95 of the inner space 91 and the heat generating film 10 is laminated on the heat insulating plate 80. The upper surface of the heating body film 10 is exposed through the opening portion 95.

The edge portion 97 of the opening portion 93 is formed so as to protrude from the heating element film 10 in order to suppress the heat insulating plate 80 and the heating element film 10 inserted into the inner space 91 from escaping through the opening portion 93. [ As shown in Fig. As a result, the edge portion 97 of the opening portion 93 is formed higher than the upper surface of the heating element film 10.

This case 90 can be manufactured through insert injection. That is, in the state where the heat insulating plate 80 and the heat generating film 10 are inserted into the insert mold, the case 90 in which the liquid resin is injected into the insert mold to enclose the heat insulating plate 80 and the heat generating film 10 can be manufactured. As the material of the case 90, for example, ABS, PP, PE, PC, PS, SBS or the like can be used as an insert injectable resin. The material of the case 90 can be selectively used in the above-described resin material in consideration of heat generation temperature, electrical insulation, process conditions, and the like.

[Third Embodiment]

5 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiant heater 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

5, the radiant heater 300 according to the third embodiment includes a heat insulating plate 80, a heating element film 10, a case 90, and a protection net 70. [ The protection net 70 is installed in the open portion 93 of the case 90.

As described above, the radiant heater 300 according to the third embodiment differs from the radiant heater according to the second embodiment (200 of FIG. 4) in that it additionally includes a protective net 70. Since the heat insulating plate 80, the heating element film 10 and the case 90 except the protection net 70 have the same configuration as the radiation heater according to the second embodiment, the protective net 70 will be mainly described.

The protection net (70) is installed in the case (90) so as to cover the opening (93). At this time, the protection net 70 can be installed inside the edge portion 97 forming the opening portion 93. [ Or the protection net 70 may be installed so as to cover the upper portion of the case 90 on which the opening 93 is formed. The protection net 70 may be fixedly installed in the case 90 by various methods such as a fitting method, a fastening method, and an attaching method.

The protection net 70 is for suppressing the occurrence of a safety accident such as an image that may be generated when a human body comes into direct contact with the heating element film 10 exposed in the open portion 93 of the case 90. [ The protection net 70 is installed in the opening 93 and disposed on the top of the heating film 10. The protection net 70 may be provided to be in contact with the upper surface of the heating element film 10 or may be spaced apart. In the third embodiment, an example in which the protection net 70 is provided apart from the upper surface of the heating body film 10 is described.

A plurality of holes are formed in the protection net 70 so that the radiation heat generated from the heating body film 10 can be emitted through the protection net 70. The hole may be formed in various shapes such as a polygonal shape, a circular shape, and an elliptical shape. As the material of the protection net 70, a resin material can be used.

[Fourth Embodiment]

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiation heater 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

6, the radiant heater 400 according to the fourth embodiment includes the heat insulating plate 80, the heat generating film 10, the case 90, the protective net 70, and the radiation plate 60. The radiation plate 60 may be installed between the heating element film 10 and the protection net 70. [

As described above, the radiant heater 400 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the radiant heater according to the third embodiment (300 of FIG. 5) in that it additionally includes the radiant plate 60. Since the heat insulating plate 60, the heat generating film 10, the case 90 and the protective net 70 except for the radiation plate 60 have the same configuration as the radiation heater according to the third embodiment, would.

The radiation plate 60 is stacked on the heating element film 10 and inserted and fixed in the inner space 91 of the case 90 under the protection net 70. [ The radiation plate 60 is stacked on the heating element film 10 and receives heat from the heating element film 10 to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays. The upper surface of the heating element film 10 on which the radiation plate 60 is provided is the cover layer 50. [

The radiation plate 60 includes a metal foil 61 and a ceramic layer 63. The metal foil (61) is laminated on the upper surface of the heating element film (10). The ceramic layer 63 is formed on the metal foil 61 to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays.

As the material of the metal foil 61, silver, aluminum, copper, nickel, stainless steel or an alloy thereof may be used. A sanding treatment may be performed on the upper surface of the metal foil 61 so as to stably coat the ceramic material, which is a different material.

The material of the ceramic layer 63 is a material which emits far-infrared rays within a certain temperature range and can be a ceramic material produced from an inorganic (inorganic) or non-metallic (non-metallic) material such as clay or elvan .

As described above, the radiation heater 400 according to the fourth embodiment can radiate more far-infrared rays than the radiation heaters according to the first to third embodiments by arranging the radiation plate 60 on the heating-element film 10 have.

[Fifth Embodiment]

7 is a cross-sectional view showing a radiant heater 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 7, the radiant heater 500 according to the fifth embodiment includes an insulating plate 60, a heating element film 10, and a radiation plate 60. Fig. The radiation plate (60) is bonded to the upper surface of the heating element film (10).

As described above, the radiant heater 500 according to the fifth embodiment differs from the radiant heater according to the first embodiment (100 of FIG. 2) in that it additionally includes a radiating plate 60. Since the heat insulating plate 60 and the heating body film 10 except for the radiation plate 60 have the same configuration as the radiation heater according to the first embodiment, the radiation plate 60 will be mainly described.

The radiation plate (60) is bonded to the upper surface of the heating element film (10). The radiation plate 60 includes a metal foil 61, a ceramic layer 63, and a heat conduction bonding layer 65. A ceramic layer 63 is formed on the metal foil 61 and the metal foil 61 is bonded to the cover layer 50 of the heating element film 10 via the heat conduction bonding layer 65.

As described above, the radiation heater 500 according to the fifth embodiment can radiate more far-infrared rays than the radiation heaters according to the first to third embodiments by disposing the radiation plate 60 on the heating-element film 10 have.

[Experimental Example]

In order to confirm the characteristics of the radiation heater according to this embodiment, the following experiment was performed.

In order to apply the radiant heater according to the present embodiment to automobiles, the initial current and the heating temperature according to the size of the surface heating element 40, for example, the distance between the electrode wiring patterns 30, were measured during DC 12V driving. In order to analyze the change of the base current and the heating temperature according to the size of the area heating element 40, a unit heating element 10a of a heating element film is implemented as shown in FIG.

8 is a plan view showing a unit heating element 10a of a heating element film according to the first to fourth experimental examples.

8, the unit heating element 10a includes a pair of electrode wiring patterns 30 and an area heating element 40 connecting the pair of electrode wiring patterns 30. As shown in FIG. The area heating element 40 has an area of (X) x (Y). In the unit heat generating element 10a according to FIG. 8, the base substrate is not shown.

The heating element composition was prepared as follows. Carbon nanotubes and graphite particles were added to a solvent of carbitol acetates, a dispersant was added, and a carbon nanotube / graphite dispersion (Solution A) was prepared by ultrasonication for 60 minutes. A master batch (M / B) is prepared by mixing epoxy acrylate, phenolic resin and polyvinyl acetal resin and adding to a solvent of carbitol acetate to effect mechanical stirring or mechanical rotation capable of revolving . Then, Solution A and M / B were kneaded through physical stirring and then kneaded completely using a 3-roll mill to prepare a heating element composition.

A unit heating element 10a was manufactured using the heating element composition manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method.

A urethane base substrate is prepared, a metal paste is screen-printed on a base substrate using a 250 mesh screen mask, and then heat-treated at 150 캜 for 30 minutes to form a pair of electrode wiring patterns 30. Thereafter, the heating element composition is screen-printed in the same manner as the pair of electrode wiring patterns 30, and is then subjected to heat treatment at 150 캜 for 30 minutes to form the surface heating element 40. Then, a urethane film (cover layer) having an adhesive layer was hot-pressed, and after the hot-pressing, the unit heat generating element 10a was manufactured by wiring.

At this time, the planar heating elements 40 were formed by screen printing according to the sizes of the unit heating elements 10a to be used in the first to fourth experimental examples.

The results of analyzing the change of the base current and the heating temperature according to the shape of the planar heating element 40 are shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 are graphs showing changes in the base current and the heating temperature of the unit heating element according to the first to fourth experimental examples.

When the Y value was constant at 1 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, and 2.5 cm, respectively, the base current and the heat generation temperature at the time of driving the DC 12 V according to the change of the X value were measured. . FIG. 9 shows the case where the Y value is 1 cm, FIG. 10 shows the case where the Y value is 1.5 cm, FIG. 11 shows the case where the Y value is 2 cm, and FIG. 12 shows the case where the Y value is 2.5 cm. The X values for the four Y values are 2 cm, 2.5 cm, 3 cm, 3.5 cm, 4 cm, and 4.5 cm, respectively.

9 to 12, it can be seen that the initial current and the heat generation temperature increase with decreasing the X value of the planar heating element. It can be seen that the surface heating element changes variously in the initial current and the heating temperature according to the change of the X value and the Y value. Particularly, when the X value is 4 cm or less, it can be confirmed that the surface heating element generates heat at 100 ° C or more.

Therefore, when manufacturing a radiant heater driven by DC 12V, it is possible to freely design the heating temperature and the power amount by adjusting the area of the surface heating element.

13 is a photograph showing a radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example.

Referring to FIG. 13, the radiating heater according to the fifth experimental example includes a heating element film having a plurality of planar heating elements according to FIG. The radiating heater according to the fifth embodiment was manufactured with the structure according to the fifth embodiment. That is, the heat insulating plate is attached to the lower surface of the heating body film. An aluminum foil on which a ceramic layer is deposited on the upper surface of the heating element film is bonded via a heat conductive adhesive layer to form a radiation plate.

14 is a thermal image of a radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example. Where Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4 and Sp5 are temperature measurement points.

14 is a thermal image of a radiation plate when DC 12 V is applied to the heating element film of the radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example. The radiant heater according to the fifth experimental example was manufactured to have a size of 25 cm x 25 cm. As can be seen from the thermal image, it can be confirmed that the radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example generates heat from 167 ° C to 182.7 ° C.

15 is a thermal image of a heating body film of a radiating heater according to the fifth experimental example. Where Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4, Sp5 and Sp6 are temperature measurement points.

15 is a thermal image of a plurality of planar heating elements when a DC 12 V is applied to a heating element film in a state where a radiation plate is removed in the radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example. As can be seen from the thermal image, it is confirmed that the plurality of surface heating elements of the radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example generate heat from 187 ° C to 195.9 ° C, and the output is 300W.

16 is a graph showing a change in surface temperature of the radiation heater according to the fifth experimental example.

Referring to FIG. 16, it can be confirmed that the radiant heater according to the fifth experimental example is rapidly heated even at a voltage of DC 12V.

It should be noted that the embodiments disclosed in the present specification and drawings are only illustrative of specific examples for the purpose of understanding, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

10: Heating film
20: base substrate
21: Lower surface
23: upper surface
30: electrode wiring pattern
40: Planar heating element
50: cover layer
60: Photocopy
61: Metal foil
63: Ceramic layer
65: heat conduction adhesive layer
70: Protective net
80: insulation board
90: Case
91: Interior space
93:
95: bottom surface
100, 200, 300, 400, 500: Copy heater

Claims (12)

Insulating plate; And
And a plurality of planar heating elements disposed on the insulating plate and generating power by receiving power and emitting radiant heat, wherein the plurality of planar heating elements are formed by printing a heating element composition containing carbon nanotube particles and graphite particles as conductive particles Heating film;
And a radiator heater. The heat generating element according to claim 1,
A base substrate on which the lower surface is disposed;
An electrode wiring pattern of a metal material formed on an upper surface of the base substrate;
The plurality of planar heating elements being formed by printing the heating element composition to be connected to the electrode wiring pattern on the upper surface of the base substrate and receiving power by the electrode wiring pattern to generate heat; And
A cover layer sealing the upper surface of the base substrate on which the plurality of area heating elements are formed and discharging heat generated from the plurality of area heating elements;
And a radiator heater. The method according to claim 2, wherein the exothermic composition for forming the plurality of planar heat-
A mixed binder comprising hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin or comprising epoxy acrylate, polyvinyl acetal and phenolic resin; And
The conductive particles further comprising silver powder, silver coated nickel powder or silver coated copper powder;
. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the base substrate comprises a metal substrate, a plastic substrate, or a ceramic substrate on which an insulating layer is formed on an upper surface on which the electrode wiring pattern and the plurality of surface heating elements are formed. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the plurality of planar heating elements are arranged in a plane. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the material of the cover layer comprises a urethane resin, a silicone resin or an imide resin. The method according to claim 1,
A radiation plate that is bonded to an upper portion of the heating element film and receives heat from the heating element film to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays;
Further comprising a radiator heater. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7,
A metal foil bonded to an upper portion of the cover layer; And
A ceramic layer formed on the metal foil to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays;
And a radiator heater. The method according to claim 1,
A case having an inner space in which the heat insulating plate and the heating body film are inserted and fixed, the inner space having an opening formed therein for radiating radiant heat generated from the heating body film toward an upper side of the heating body film;
Further comprising a radiator heater. 10. The method of claim 9,
A protection net provided at an opening of the case on the heating element film;
Further comprising a radiator heater. 11. The method of claim 10,
A radiation plate which is laminated on the heating element film and is inserted and fixed in an inner space of the case under the protection wire to receive heat from the heating element film and emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays;
Further comprising a radiator heater. A case having an inner space formed with openings on one side;
An insulating plate provided on a bottom surface of the inner space of the case;
And a plurality of planar heating elements inserted in an inner space of the case and installed on the insulating plate and arranged in a horizontal direction to emit heat in response to a power applied to the plurality of planar heating elements, A heating element film formed by printing a heating element composition containing particles and graphite particles;
A radiation plate inserted in an inner space of the case and stacked on the heating body film to receive heat from the heating body film to emit radiant heat and far-infrared rays; And
A protection net installed at an opening of the case on the upper portion of the radiation plate;
And a radiator heater.

Images