KR20180094277A - Dynamic Voltage Restorer for high voltage distribution line - Google Patents

Dynamic Voltage Restorer for high voltage distribution line Download PDF

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KR20180094277A
KR20180094277A KR1020170020396A KR20170020396A KR20180094277A KR 20180094277 A KR20180094277 A KR 20180094277A KR 1020170020396 A KR1020170020396 A KR 1020170020396A KR 20170020396 A KR20170020396 A KR 20170020396A KR 20180094277 A KR20180094277 A KR 20180094277A
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voltage
distribution line
converter
phase
restorer
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KR1020170020396A
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Korean (ko)
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엄준현
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지에프텍 주식회사
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for compensating instantaneous voltage rise and drop of a distribution line by using a quasi Z-source AC-AC converter connected in parallel to the distribution line. By using a simple control method, a device for storing separate energy and rectifying DC is unnecessary, thereby miniaturizing the device at low costs.

Description

고압 배전 선로용 순간 전압 보상 장치{Dynamic Voltage Restorer for high voltage distribution line}BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a voltage compensator for a high voltage distribution line,

전력전자, AC-AC Converter, 순간전압보상장치 설계Design of Power Electronics, AC-AC Converter, Voltage Compensation Device

Quasi-Z-소스 AC-AC 컨버터는 구조와 제어 방법이 간단하며, 교류 입력 전압에 대하여 동상(In phase)/역상(Out of phase)의 출력 전압을 승압 또는 강압하는 컨버터 모드로 동작을 한다. 그리고 연속전류 모드(CCM)로 동작하므로, 소자에 대한 스트레스가 낮으며, 정현파에 가까운 입력전류를 얻을 수 있다. 또한, quasi Z-소스 토폴로지의 컨버터는 시동 시에 Z-네트워크 커패시터의 충전 전류와 스트레스 전압을 완화하는 장점이 있다. The Quasi-Z-source AC-AC converter is simple in structure and control and operates in a converter mode that boosts or downstages the output voltage of the In phase / out of phase with respect to the AC input voltage. Since it operates in the continuous current mode (CCM), the stress to the device is low and the input current close to the sinusoidal wave can be obtained. In addition, converters in a quasi Z-source topology have the advantage of relieving the charge current and stress voltage of the Z-network capacitors during start-up.

- 종래기술 인버터 보상기는 유효전력을 다루기 때문에 별도의 에너지 저장장치(Energy Storage System : ESS)와 직류 변환장치가 필요로 하며, 전력변환장치의 제어가 어려워진다.. - Prior art Inverter compensator deals with active power and requires separate energy storage system (ESS) and dc converter, which makes control of power converter difficult.

- 에너지 저장 장치와 직류 변환장치는 소비전력이 증가하게 되면 크기도 증가하게 되고 제어도 어려워져 결국에는 시스템의 비용이 증가하는 문제점이 발생한다.- Energy storage devices and DC converters increase in size as the power consumption increases and become more difficult to control, resulting in an increase in the cost of the system.

3상 Quasi-Z-소스 AC-AC 컨버터를 배전계통 라인에 병렬로 연결하여 실시간으로 전압변동을 감시하여 간단한 제어를 통하여 순간적인 전압변동을 보상해준다.A three-phase Quasi-Z-source AC-AC converter is connected in parallel to the distribution system line to monitor voltage fluctuations in real time and compensate for instantaneous voltage fluctuations by simple control.

본 발명의 주요한 용도는 일반적인 인버터 구조의 보상기가 아닌 AC초퍼 컨버터 구조의 보상기를 배전라인에 병렬로 연결 시킴으로써 간단한 제어방법을 이용하여 종래의 인버터 구조의 보상기와 동등한 성능 구현이 가능하며 별도의 에너지저장 장치와 DC정류기가 필요치 않아 저비용과 소형화가 가능하도록 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 그리고 순간 전압 보상기 뿐만 아니라, 반도체변압기(SST) , 스마트 그리드의 DC배전 분야, 전압Sag/Swell발생장치, 전압 불평형 발생장치에도 적용할 수 있으리라 사료된다. The main application of the present invention is to connect a compensator of an AC chopper converter structure in parallel to a distribution line, rather than a general inverter structure compensator, so that a performance equivalent to that of a conventional inverter structure can be realized using a simple control method, The device and the DC rectifier are not required, so that the low cost and the small size can be achieved. It can be applied not only to instantaneous voltage compensator but also to semiconductor power transformer (SST), DC distribution of smart grid, voltage sag / swell generation device, and voltage unbalance generation device.

1. [제1도] 의 VaN ,VbN ,VcN 의 순간적인 전압강하와 상승이 발생하였을 시 (1)의 에너지 저장시스템에 저장되어 있는 에너지를 (2)의 PWM Inverter를 이용하여 교류전압으로 변환시켜 (3)의 가극성 절연 변압기를 통하여 VaN ,VbN ,VcN 를 보상하여 부하에 안정적인 전압이 인가되게 하는 (4)순간전압 보상장치이다. [제3도],[제4도]
2. [제2도] 의 VaN ,VbN ,VcN 의 순간적인 전압강하와 상승이 발생하였을 시 (1)의 3-Phase Rectifier를 통하여 교류전압을 직류로 변화를 시켜 (2)의 PWM Inverter를 이용하여 보상에 필요한 교류전압으로 변환 시켜 (3)의 가극성 절연 변압기를 통하여 VaN ,VbN ,VcN 를 보상하여 부하에 안정적인 전압이 인가되게 하는 (4)순간전압 보상장치이다.[제5도]
3. [제 6도] 3개의 무접점식 릴레이 SSR과 Quasi Z-소스 AC-AC 컨버터 3대를 각상에 연결하여 DVR구성을 하며, 실시간으로 각상의 Peak 전압을 검출하여 SSR과 Quasi Z-소스 AC-AC를 제어하는 MCU로 구성이 되어 있다.
4. [제 7도] Quasi Z-소스 AC-AC 컨버터의 출력 전압 특성을 나타내는 그래프 이다. 입력 전압에 대하여 전력용 스위치 (IGBT)를 제어하면, 배전계통의 Van, Vbn,Vcn에 대하여 동상의 전압Sag/Swell, 그리고 역상의 전압Sag/Swell 을 보상해줄수 있는 출력 전압 특성을 나타낸 것이다.
5. [제 8도] 3상 모두 전압변동이 발생한 경우 Flow chart 로써 배전계통의 전압 변동이 3상에 모두 발생하였을 때 DVR의 동작 순서도를 나타낸다. 피크치 검출법에 의해 실시간으로 읽어 들인 배전계통의 3상 전압 변동 상황을 슈미트 트리거에 의해 발생된 기준전압과 비교하며 항상 감지하고 있다. 만약 전압변동이 발생하여 기준전압의 0.1~0.9[p.u]와 1.1~1.8[p.u]영역에 들어오게 되면, SSR은 온상태가 되고 DVR은 동작을 한다. 만약 전압변동이 없는 경우에는 SSR과 DVR은 모두 오프상태이다.
6. [제 9도] 전압 불평형 및 Sag/Swell이 발생한 경우 Flow chart로써 부하변동에 의한 배전계통의 전압불평형이나 1상에 만 Sag/Swell이 발생한 경우 DVR동작 순서도를 나타낸다. 이 동작 역시 피크치 검출법에 의해 실시간으로 읽어 들인 배전계통의 3상 전압 변동 상황을 슈미트 트리거에 의해 발생된 기준전압과 비교하며 항상 감지하고 있다. 만약 전압 불평형이 발생한 경우이 각 상에 연결된 SSR과 컨버터가 개별적으로 동작하여 평형 전압을 발생시켜 전압 불평형을 보상해준다. 그리고 배전계통의 Van상에만 전압Sag/Swell이 발생한 경우에는 Van상에 연결된 SSR과 컨버터만 동작을 하고 , 나머지 2상(Vbn, Vcn)에 연결된 SSR과 컨버터는 OFF상태이기 때문에 Van상만을 보상해준다.
1. When instantaneous voltage drop and rise of VaN, VbN, VcN in [Figure 1] occurs, the energy stored in energy storage system of (1) is converted into AC voltage by PWM inverter of (2) (4) to compensate VaN, VbN, and VcN through a polarized isolation transformer of (3) to apply a stable voltage to the load. [Fig. 3], [Fig. 4]
2. When momentary voltage drop and rise of VaN, VbN, VcN in [Figure 2] occurs, change the AC voltage to DC through the 3-phase rectifier in (1) (4) to compensate VaN, VbN, and VcN through a polarized insulation transformer of (3) to apply a stable voltage to the load. [5]
3. [6th figure] We construct the DVR by connecting three non-contact relay SSR and three quasi Z-source AC-AC converters to each phase, and detect the peak voltage of each phase in real time, It is composed of MCU that controls AC-AC.
4. [Fig. 7] A graph showing the output voltage characteristics of the Quasi Z-source AC-AC converter. Control of the power switch (IGBT) with respect to the input voltage shows the output voltage characteristics that can compensate the in-phase voltage Sag / Swell and the reverse phase voltage Sag / Swell for Van, Vbn, and Vcn of the power distribution system.
5. [Fig. 8] When voltage fluctuation occurs in all three phases Flow chart shows the operation flow of DVR when voltage fluctuation of power distribution system occurs in all three phases. The three-phase voltage fluctuation condition of the power distribution system read in real time by the peak detection method is compared with the reference voltage generated by the Schmitt trigger and is always detected. If the voltage fluctuation occurs, the SSR is turned on and the DVR operates when the voltage falls within the range of 0.1 to 0.9 [pu] and 1.1 to 1.8 [pu] of the reference voltage. If there is no voltage fluctuation, both SSR and DVR are off.
6. [Fig. 9] In case of voltage unbalance and Sag / Swell, flow chart shows DVR operation flowchart when voltage unbalance due to load fluctuation or Sag / Swell occurs only in 1 phase. This operation also detects the three-phase voltage fluctuation situation of the power distribution system read in real time by the peak value detection method and compares it with the reference voltage generated by Schmitt trigger. If a voltage imbalance occurs, the SSR and the converter connected to each phase operate separately to generate a balanced voltage to compensate for the voltage imbalance. If the voltage sag / swell occurs only in the van of the power distribution system, only the SSR and converter connected to the van operate and only the van phase is compensated because the SSR and the converter connected to the other two phases (Vbn, Vcn) are OFF .

본 발명은 고압 대용량 순간 전압 보상기에 관한 것으로 전력품질을 저하시키는 여러 문제들 중에서 가장 빈도가 높으며, 민감한 부하를 가지고 있는 수용가에 많은 영향을 주고 있는 것이 순간적인 전압상승(Voltage Swell)과 전압 강하(Voltage Sag)이다. 이러한 순간 전압 상승과 순간 전압 강하는 대부분 인접한 배전 선로에서의 사고가 그 원인으로 작용하며 자동화 장치 등의 오동작이나 작업정지 등의 문제를 유발하여 경제적으로 큰 손실을 일으키게 된다.The present invention relates to a high-voltage large-capacity instantaneous voltage compensator, which is one of the most frequently occurring problems that deteriorate power quality, and which has a large influence on a customer having a sensitive load. The instantaneous voltage swell and voltage drop Voltage Sag). Such instantaneous voltage rise and voltage drop are most likely caused by accidents in adjacent distribution lines, causing malfunctions of automation devices and work stoppages, resulting in a large economic loss.

본 발명의 [대표도]에 3상 Quasi Z-소스 AC-AC Converter를 이용한 보상기를 설계하여 배전계통에 병렬로 연결 시키고 간단한 제어방법을 이용하여 전압센서를 통한 전압상승 및 전압강하 그리고 수용가측의 부하변동에 따른 전압불평형의 문제를 실시간으로 감시하여 무접점식 릴레이를 통하여 보상해줌으로써 배전계통을 안정화시킬 수 있다. 또한, 배전계통에 병렬로 연결함으로써 별도의 에너지저장 및 DC 정류장치가 필요치 않아 저비용과 소형화가 가능하게 할 수 있다고 사료된다.[Representative diagram] The compensator using the 3-phase Quasi Z-source AC-AC converter was designed and connected in parallel to the power distribution system. The voltage rise and voltage drop through the voltage sensor were measured using a simple control method, The problem of voltage unbalance due to load variation can be monitored in real time, and the distribution system can be stabilized by compensation through a non-contact relay. In addition, it is considered that the energy saving and DC rectification device are not needed by connecting in parallel to the power distribution system, thus enabling low cost and miniaturization.

Claims (1)

1) 3상 Quasi Z-Source AC-AC 컨버터의 구현 기술.
2) 컨버터의 간단한 제어방법과 이를 통한 고압 대용량 DVR기능을 구현하는 기술 3) 고안된 DVR에 접목시킨 Peak Voltage 검출 기법

1) Implementation technology of 3-phase Quasi Z-Source AC-AC converter.
2) Simple control method of converter and technology to realize high-capacity large-capacity DVR function through it 3) Peak voltage detection technique combined with designed DVR

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110518592A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-11-29 广州供电局有限公司 Voltage dip abatement equipment control method for parallel and device
CN111384718A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-07-07 华为技术有限公司 Power supply device, power supply system and data center
CN111416362A (en) * 2020-03-26 2020-07-14 广东电网有限责任公司 Dynamic voltage restorer of winding structure and control method thereof
CN111884235A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-03 珠海万力达电气自动化有限公司 Control method of dynamic voltage restorer

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110518592A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-11-29 广州供电局有限公司 Voltage dip abatement equipment control method for parallel and device
CN110518592B (en) * 2019-07-10 2021-03-16 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 Parallel control method and device for voltage sag treatment equipment
CN111384718A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-07-07 华为技术有限公司 Power supply device, power supply system and data center
CN111416362A (en) * 2020-03-26 2020-07-14 广东电网有限责任公司 Dynamic voltage restorer of winding structure and control method thereof
CN111416362B (en) * 2020-03-26 2022-01-21 广东电网有限责任公司 Dynamic voltage restorer of winding structure and control method thereof
CN111884235A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-03 珠海万力达电气自动化有限公司 Control method of dynamic voltage restorer

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