KR20180083791A - Refrigerant circuit, particularly for vehicles comprising electric or hybrid power train and method for operating the refrigerant circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refrigerant circuit, in particular, a refrigerant circuit for vehicles including an electric or hybrid powertrain, which is suitable for optimally providing cold air to a battery and electronic components, and an operation method thereof. According to the present invention, a capacitor (3), an expansion valve (5), a separator (6) as a middle pressure cylinder, and an expansion valve (7) are disposed in a refrigerant flow direction to be connected in series, and a batter cooler (11) and an air cooler (12) are disposed to be connected in parallel, such that a main compressor (1) and a secondary compressor (2) are disposed by wiring. A high pressure side of the main compressor (1) is connected to an inlet side of the secondary compressor (20), so the first and secondary compressors (1, 2) are connected in series or parallel by a cut-off valve (18) and a multiway valve (16) in a high pressure cable of the main compressor (1). The separator (6) is connected to the inlet side of the secondary compressor (2) on a gas side. Moreover, the present invention also relates to an operation method of the refrigerant circuit.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerant circuit, in particular, a refrigerant circuit for vehicles including an electric or hybrid power train, and a method of operating the refrigerant circuit. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001]

The present invention relates to a refrigerant circuit for a vehicle having a particularly high refrigerating capacity as compared with a general refrigerating circuit. The refrigerant circuit can be used for vehicles including electric or hybrid powertrain. The special feature of the refrigerant circuits according to the preamble of the present invention is that the cooling of the battery or batteries and components in electric or hybrid vehicles and the cooling of the interior of the vehicle for further air conditioning are optimal for the running operation and the charging operation of the batteries In order to reach the conditions of. In particular, the need for rapid charging of the battery results in special requirements for the refrigeration system of the vehicle, since the optimal charging of the batteries depends on the cooling of the batteries during the charging process.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Refrigerant circuits for vehicles, including electric or hybrid powertrains, are known in the art from a variety of designs. In the prior art, for example, US 2009/0317697 A1 discloses an automotive refrigeration system including a bypass suitable for providing battery cooling by a battery cooler. DE 103 13 850 A1 also discloses a refrigerant circuit with two-stage compression for combined refrigerating system operation and heating pump operation. In the case of the refrigerant circuit, two series-connected compressors are provided which implement two-stage compression, and the circuit is also optimal for implementing the heating pump operation of the entire system.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle, particularly an electric or hybrid power train, which is suitable for optimally providing cold air to battery and electronic components in a running operation and a charging operation of batteries, And a refrigerant circuit for the refrigerant circuit. The goal of the present invention is to achieve as many operating states as possible, such as running, charging, and heat pump operation, by connecting the components provided in the circuit.

This problem is solved by a refrigerant circuit and a method having the features according to the independent claims. Embodiments are set forth in the dependent claims.

The problem of the present invention is solved in particular by a refrigerant circuit optimized for vehicles comprising electric or hybrid powertrains. The refrigerant circuit is characterized by the arrangement of the following components in the refrigerant flow direction. The refrigerant first passes through a condenser, then an expansion valve, then a medium pressure cylinder in a two-stage operation and a separator, also called a collector, refrigerant separator or receiver in a one-stage operation, and an additional expansion valve. The components are arranged to be connected in series. The refrigerant then passes through heat exchangers operating as evaporators, i.e., battery coolers and air coolers arranged in parallel. The refrigerant is sucked by the main compressor as refrigerant vapor after passing through the battery cooler and the air cooler. In addition to the main compressor, a secondary compressor is provided in the refrigerant circuit. The main compressor and the secondary compressor are integrated into the circuit in parallel with each other and the main compressor and the secondary compressor are connected in parallel and in series so that a disconnectable connection portion to the suction side of the secondary compressor is disposed behind the main compressor. A shut-off valve is also provided in the high-pressure cable of the main compressor and a multi-way valve in the connection of the main compressor cable and the secondary compressor cable. The separator generally comprises an inlet for a liquid-gas-refrigerant mixture, and an outlet for the gas and an outlet for the liquid. The outlet of the gas separator is also referred to as the gas side, which is connected to the suction side of the secondary compressor.

Particularly preferably, the refrigerant circuits having the abovementioned possibilities of parallel and series connection of the proposed components and of the main and secondary compressors are suitable for implementing various operating states for electric or hybrid vehicles, Because several operating states can be implemented.

Preferably, a shut-off valve is disposed in the connection portion between the suction side of the secondary compressor and the gas-side side of the separator.

Preferably, an expansion valve is separately allocated to the battery cooler and the air cooler, respectively. Each heat exchanger can be controlled separately and under controlled technological adjustments to the overall system and under consideration of the specific pressure loss of the heat exchanger.

An additional coolant circuit is preferably formed, including a pump, a heat pump heat exchanger and a coolant-air-cooler, and a heat pump heat exchanger with an allocated expansion valve is connected to the battery cooler and air cooler in the refrigerant circuit Are arranged in parallel. The coolant-air-cooler is also a water-air-cooler, since preferably a water or water-glycol mixture can be used as the coolant. The coolant-air-cooler is also a low temperature heat exchanger or a high temperature heat exchanger from the viewpoint of its use temperature range.

According to a particularly preferred design of the invention, the additional capacitors are arranged to be selectively or cumulatively switchable in the coolant circuit and in the refrigerant circuit by means of a multi-way valve. The additional capacitor is placed behind the capacitor in the refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit.

A particularly preferred structural design of the circuit is achieved when the secondary compressor is formed integral into the main compressor so that the main compressor is implemented as a two-stage compressor.

The problem of the present invention is also solved by a method of operating a refrigerant circuit wherein in a running operation in an air conditioning mode the refrigerant is first compressed in the main compressor in a first stage and then passed through the capacitor under heat release, The pressure is reduced to a medium pressure. The gas phase of the refrigerant in the separator is sucked in by the main compressor or throttled into the suction line of the compressor according to the pressure level or is provided to the compressor in accordance with the pressure level and the liquid phase of the refrigerant is parallel in the air cooler and battery cooler And then sucked in by the main compressor. In this mode, the refrigerant circuit is operated in one-stage and the secondary compressor is not activated. The refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating circuit thus connected corresponds to the general refrigerating capacity of the vehicle air conditioners. By not being depressurized selectively in front of the separator in the one-stage process, a pre-connected expansion valve with a complete passage cross-section without throttling of the refrigerant is incorporated.

Preferably, the refrigerant is separately decompressed separately by expansion valves assigned to the individual heat exchangers in front of the air cooler and the battery cooler.

The problem of the present invention is also solved by a method of operating a refrigerant circuit and in a charging operation of the battery, the refrigerant is compressed by the primary compressor and the secondary compressor, which are connected in series with each other, and thereby in two-stage. The refrigerant then passes through the capacitor under heat release and then is depressurized to medium pressure within the expansion valve. The vapor phase of the refrigerant is sucked by the secondary compressor in this circuit, the liquid phase of the refrigerant is evaporated in the battery cooler and sucked by the main compressor. Since the air cooler is not activated in this operating mode of unique charging operation, the total cooling capacity and the freezing capacity can be used for charging operation and in particular for rapid charging operation. Of course, the refrigeration capacity can optionally be used for air conditioning of the interior of the vehicle under the reduction of the charge cooling capacity.

Particularly preferably, the heat release of the refrigerant is carried by an additional capacitor connected in series with the refrigerant circuit in addition to the capacitor.

The problem of the present invention is solved by a method of operating a refrigerant circuit wherein the refrigerant in the one-stage heat pump operation is firstly compressed in the main compressor and then passes through the capacitor under heat discharge to the vehicle interior, The pressure is reduced to a medium pressure. The gas phase of the refrigerant is sucked by the main compressor, the liquid phase of the refrigerant is evaporated in the heat pump heat exchanger and sucked by the main compressor to close the circuit. This mode of operation is particularly desirable when the demand for heat is relatively low.

The problem of the present invention is also solved by a method of operating a refrigerant circuit, wherein in a two-stage heat pump operation the refrigerant is compressed in the main and secondary compressors and thereby in two-stages. Thereafter, the refrigerant passes through the capacitor under heat radiation to the vehicle interior. The refrigerant in the expansion valve is depressurized to a medium pressure and the vapor phase of the refrigerant is sucked in by the secondary compressor. The liquid phase of the refrigerant is evaporated in parallel in the heat pump heat exchanger, i. E. In the air cooler and the battery cooler, and sucked in by the main compressor. In this manner, a particularly high proportion of heat is provided to the interior of the vehicle by the heat pump function.

Particularly desirably, the heat pump system according to the above-described variant is formed so that the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the heat pump heat exchanger is additionally made from the coolant circuit, and the coolant circuit in the heat pump heat exchanger is thermally connected to the coolant circuit. In the refrigeration system operation, the water-capacitors in the coolant circuit are connected.

The above-described method is preferably formed by the additional heat transfer area for heat release in the battery cooler being activated, particularly in the charging operation of the battery.

The methods are preferably extended because additional heat transfer areas for heat dissipation in the coolant-air-cooler may be activated, particularly in the fill operation, or the total area may be utilized by other components due to non-use.

Preferably the methods are complemented by the implementation of the additional heat transfer area for heat dissipation in the capacitors as a temperature difference which is boosted by a higher voltage, especially at a higher capacity of the capacitors which are activated or not in the charging operation.

Other individual aspects, features, and advantages of embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a refrigerant circuit with two compressors,
Figure 2 shows a refrigerant circuit with two compressors and a barrier medium medium pressure gas pipe,
Figure 3 shows a refrigerant circuit combined with a coolant circuit,
Figure 4 shows the function of a refrigerant circuit designed in two-stages in heat pump operation,
5 shows a refrigerant circuit having a battery cooler at a medium pressure level, and
Figure 6 shows a refrigerant circuit with a low-pressure level and a battery cooler during selective gas supply to low and medium pressure levels.

Figure 1 shows a design of a refrigerant circuit showing the basic principles with the included components. The main compressor 1 and the secondary compressor 2 are integrated into the refrigerant circuit for the series connection operation and the parallel connection operation by the shut-off valves 16 and 18. The refrigerant circuit includes a capacitor 3 at a high pressure level, followed by a series connection in the flow direction, followed by an expansion valve 5 and a separator 6. When the two-stage operation is run to the medium pressure level of the refrigerant, the separator 6 is also referred to as a medium pressure cylinder. When compressed in one-stage, the separator 6 is reduced in function to the collector for the liquid refrigerant after the first expansion end by the expansion valve 5, or is operated in the fully opened cross-section of the expansion valve 5 The expansion is realized by the expansion valve (7). The refrigerant vapor phase from the separator 6 reaches the suction side of the secondary compressor 2 through the pipe at a medium pressure or a high pressure. The liquid refrigerant from the separator 6 is depressurized to a low pressure in the expansion valve 7 and is then distributed in parallel to the loads, namely the battery cooler 11 and the air cooler 12. Evaporated refrigerant from the heat exchangers is provided together on the suction side of the main compressor (1). As will be described in more detail below, when the circuit is operated in one-stage, the isolation valve 18 for the high-pressure gas of the main compressor 1 opens and the compressed refrigerant reaches directly into the capacitor 3. When the system is operated in series by the compressors 1 and 2 the shutoff valve 18 for the high pressure gas of the main compressor 1 is closed and the refrigerant vapor from the separator 6 is connected to the connection pipe and the multiway valve 16 to reach the suction side of the secondary compressor 2, and is compressed by the secondary compressor to a high pressure and reaches into the capacitor 3. As an alternative method of operation, the refrigerant circuit can be operated in parallel by the compressors 1,2. The shut-off valve 18 for the high-pressure gas of the main compressor 1 is opened and the parallel cable for the secondary compressor 2 is opened by the multiway valve 16 in the refrigerant circuit to the suction side of the secondary compressor 2, Respectively.

In Fig. 2, the components corresponding to Fig. 1 show that the gas phase from the separator 6 reaches the suction side of the secondary compressor 2 through the connecting pipe, and the shutoff valve 17 for the medium-pressure gas is implemented in the connecting pipe It is shown again with special points.

By means of the illustrated refrigerant circuit, the compressors can be switched from the parallel mode to the serial mode. Preferably the compressors are connected in series. The advantage of the two designs of series and parallel connection is to carry the vapor phase of the refrigerant from the liquid phase separation and dispenser 6 of the refrigerant directly to the corresponding compressor, thereby minimizing the pressure loss in the evaporator. Therefore, the distribution of liquid and vapor phase in the evaporator is improved when less gas phase reaches the evaporator or when the gas phase does not reach. When the compressors are connected in series, the first expansion valve takes charge of the main decompression. In addition, the flow of the gas phase can be controlled by the shutoff valve 17.

3 is a combination of a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit, and the refrigerant circuit of FIGS. 1 and 2 is extended to include a heat pump heat exchanger 10 including an associated expansion valve 9. An additional capacitor 4 is also provided for the thermal connection of the coolant circuit with the refrigerant circuit, and the additional capacitor is implemented as a water-capacitor. The additional capacitor (4) is integrated into the coolant circuit, which is driven by the pump (13) of the coolant circuit. The flow paths of the parallel cables of the coolant circuit are controlled by the multiway valve 15 of the coolant circuit. The first flow path travels from the pump 13 through the multiway valve 15 to the heat pump heat exchanger 10 and then through the low temperature heat exchanger, also referred to as the coolant-air-cooler 14, do. The parallel cable is shown traveling from the multi-way valve 15 of the coolant circuit to the additional capacitor 4 and then to the coolant-air-cooler 14. The coolant circuit is required for the connection of the refrigerant circuit for the heat pump operation and the two circuits are thermally connected by the additional capacitor 4 and the heat pump heat exchanger 10.

The concept of the present invention is particularly evident by the circuit shown in Fig. 3, in which two compression stages and thus a medium pressure level are formed in the refrigerant circuit. The two compression stages are preferably implemented by two separate compressors 1 and 2, and the special point is that the two compressors can be operated in series connection and parallel connection. The system includes at least the use of a water-capacitor 4 having at least the same or a greater capacity as a conventional air-capacitor. For increased capacity, especially components (4, 8, 11, 14) are involved. The components are designed with different capacities in the normal operation of the system, that is, cooling operation, heat pump operation or charging operations in increasing the refrigerant flow rate. It is particularly difficult to provide sufficient refrigerant flow rate to carry the oil back to the compressor when the capacity is low. In the filling operation, the flow rate and thus the flow rate of the refrigerant must be increased, correspondingly the free flow cross section must be enlarged, thereby preventing pressure loss in critical areas. Heat exchange requires a larger area to deliver the corresponding capacity. In particular, the heat exchanger 14, with the water-condenser 4, the battery cooler 11 and the coolant-air-cooler 14 at the center, with a slightly larger heat transfer area, The high thermal perfusion rate of the material of the heat exchanger 4 does not present a problem which meets the corresponding capacity requirement and which is not mentioned in terms of oil transport. Even more important are battery cooler 11 and coolant-air-cooler 14. In the case of the battery cooler 11, heat transfer ducts are optionally provided in the heat exchanger, and the heat transfer ducts are activated by self-regulating valves with switchable valves, i.e. with spring force, , The valves are opened at a corresponding pressure differential. The coolant-air-heat exchanger 14 is sized to such an extent that the heat exchanger is responsible for the additional heat source and releases the corresponding capacities to the surroundings. The capacities are not required in the charging operation and can be fully supplied to the charging process. The vehicle interior is heated when charging in winter.

The heat transfer area is reduced overall because additional areas are connected only under special operating conditions. The flow rate in the refrigerant circuit preferably increases with parameters.

By operating the water-capacitor 4 at a higher temperature difference in the same external dimension, higher heat energy can be delivered with respect to the installation volume of the heat exchanger 4. [

The two compressors (1, 2) comprise an oil separator / muffler connected on the suction side for forward connection. Typically, the oil separator is disposed on the high pressure side. For reasons of distribution, the two compressors (1, 2) must be connected to an oil separator. The muffler is formed on the high pressure side for reasons of noise emission. It is generally divided into two operating cycles. In the cooling operation and the heating operation, the refrigerant circuit can be operated by one compressor in one-stage. Of course, the advantages of energy and technology (uniform distribution of refrigerant in the battery cooler) are presented from the possibility of two-stage compression and refrigerant separation in medium pressure cylinders for this purpose. Thus, the oil separator / muffler is optionally provided. In the charging operation, in all cases the two compressors operate in a two-stage or one-stage process.

4 shows a heat pump circuit of the refrigerant circuit in which the main compressor 1 and the secondary compressor 2 are connected in series in two stages. The refrigerant is condensed in the condenser 3, depressurized in the expansion valve 5, and the vapor phase is separated from the liquid phase of the refrigerant in the subsequent separator 6. The liquid phase is distributed in parallel to the heat pump heat exchanger 10, the battery cooler 11 and the air cooler 12, and the liquid phase is supplied to the expansion valves 7, 8, and 9 are each assigned to heat exchangers. The refrigerant evaporated in the heat exchangers 10, 11 and 12 is finally integrated and supplied to the suction side of the main compressor 1. [

An unshown variation of the heat pump circuit is that two capacitors are arranged. The first capacitor, that is, the vehicle interior heater is installed in the air conditioner of the vehicle. The second capacitor is a general air-capacitor, and the general air-capacitor can be implemented as a water-capacitor according to a desired design. The illustrated embodiment with three heat exchangers (10, 11, 12) in the refrigerant system for the evaporation of the refrigerant can of course be extended by multiple evaporator arrangements depending on the application. It depends only on the position of the thermally-assisted expansion valve, which is installed to include the shut-off function. 4, the heat pump circuit can also be implemented as a one-stage, in which the main compressor 1 directly supports the capacitor 3 and the gas phase from the separator is connected to the suction side of the main compressor 1 . Heat is supplied from the coolant circuit by the heat pump heat exchanger (10).

In the heat pump circuit, the capacitor (3) emits heat to the interior of the vehicle. The advantage of the circuit guides shown is that low icing is achieved in the corresponding heat transferors and a good storage capacity of the system is given. In addition, the heat of the battery cooler 11, the air cooler 12, and the heat pump heat exchanger 10 becomes available for the heat pump. As an alternative to the heat pump circuit embodied in one-stage, the expansion valve 5 is operated in a fully open cross-section so that it is compressed only by the main compressor 1 and the secondary compressor 2 does not operate in this operating position. Particularly preferably, the battery cooler heat in the circuit is used for heating the vehicle interior.

5 shows a modified refrigerant circuit, in which the battery cooler 11 is directly supplied with the liquid refrigerant from the separator 6 by means of the pump 19 and the refrigerant to be evaporated at this pressure level is supplied to the separator 6, As shown in FIG. The air coolers 12 are supplied with the refrigerant parallel to the battery cooler 11, but the evaporated refrigerant is supplied to the suction side of the main compressor 1. Expansion valves 7 are assigned to the air coolers 12, respectively. The second compression stage is realized by the secondary compressor (2), so that the refrigerant is supplied to the capacitor (3). The pressure level is low and medium, especially in this version for battery cooling. The advantage is that the battery cooler 11 can also operate as a fully charged evaporator without the compressor being loaded by liquid shocks. An advantage is the level of evaporation temperature, which remains exactly constant over the total heat transfer area.

6 shows an alternative to the design according to FIG. 5, in which the battery cooler 11 is supplied with liquid refrigerant from the separator 6 in parallel with the air coolers 12. The refrigerant liquid from the separator is depressurized in the expansion valve 8 and is regulated to a corresponding pressure level. Similarly, expansion valves 7 are assigned to air coolers 12. The refrigerant vapor from the battery cooler 11 reaches the suction side of the main compressor 1 or the suction side of the secondary compressor 2 depending on the pressure level by the multiway valve 20. The battery cooler 11 having the expansion valve 8 is integrated into the refrigerant circuit by the multiway valve 20 and the refrigerant flow rate from the battery cooler 11 is controlled by the multiway valve 20 to the intermediate pressure Integration into the flow rate is achieved.

The illustrated refrigerant circuits may further include an internal heat exchanger between the low pressure side and the high pressure side or between the medium pressure side and the high pressure side. Also, irreversible expansion units can be replaced by work-action expansion units. These two variations are provided for improving the efficiency of the circuits

1 main compressor
2 Secondary compressor
3 capacitors
4 additional capacitors, water-capacitors, heat exchangers
5 intermediate pressure expansion valve
6 separator
7 Low pressure expansion valve
8 Low pressure expansion valve
9 Low pressure expansion valve
10 heat pump heat exchanger, heat exchanger
11 Battery cooler, electronic cooler, heat exchanger
12 air cooler, vehicle indoor evaporator, heat exchanger
13 Pump of coolant circuit
14 Refrigerant-Air-Cooler
15 Multi-way valve of coolant circuit
16 Refrigerant circuit multi-way valve, shut-off valve
17 Shutoff valve for medium pressure gas
18 Shutoff valve for high pressure gas in main compressor
19 Refrigerant Pump
20 Battery cooler circuit branch multiway valve

Claims (16)

A refrigerant circuit, in particular, a refrigerant circuit for a vehicle including an electric or hybrid power train, is characterized in that a capacitor 3, an expansion valve 5, a separator 6 as a medium pressure cylinder and an expansion valve 7 are connected in series in a refrigerant flow direction The main compressor 1 and the secondary compressor 2 are arranged in parallel wiring by arranging the battery cooler 11 and the air cooler 12 in parallel so that the main compressor 1 and the secondary compressor 2 are arranged in parallel, The high pressure side is connected to the suction side of the secondary compressor 2 and is connected to the main compressor 1 and the secondary side by the shutoff valve 18 and the multiway valve 16 in the high pressure cable of the main compressor 1. [ The compressor (2) can be connected in series or in parallel, and the separator (6) is connected to the suction side of the secondary compressor (2) on the gas side. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that a shut-off valve (17) is provided in the suction side of the secondary compressor (2) and the gas-side connection of the separator (6). The refrigerant circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that expansion valves (7, 8) are separately allocated to the battery cooler (11) and the air cooler (12). The system of claim 1 wherein an additional coolant circuit is formed and wherein the additional coolant circuit comprises a pump (13), a heat pump heat exchanger (10), and a coolant-air cooler (14) 9) is arranged in parallel with respect to the battery cooler (11) and the air cooler (12) in the refrigerant circuit. 5. A refrigerant circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that further capacitors (4) are arranged in the coolant circuit such that they can be switched selectively or cumulatively by means of a multiway valve (15) Is arranged behind the capacitor (3) in the refrigerant flow direction. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 1, wherein the secondary compressor (2) is integrated into the main compressor (1) and the main compressor (1) is implemented as a two-stage compressor. 7. A method of operating a refrigerant circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the running operation of the air conditioner mode,
- compressed in the main compressor (1) in one-stage,
- after passing through the capacitor (3) under heat release,
- the pressure in the expansion valve (5) is reduced to medium pressure, and
Characterized in that the liquid phase of the refrigerant is evaporated in parallel in the air cooler (12) and the battery cooler (11) and sucked by the main compressor (1) together with the vapor from the separator (6) How the circuit works. The method of claim 7, wherein the refrigerant is separately depressurized by expansion valves (7, 8) in front of the air cooler (12) and the battery cooler (11). 8. The method of claim 7, wherein in the charging operation of the batteries,
- two-stage compression in the main compressor (1) and the secondary compressor (2)
- after passing through the capacitor (3) under heat release,
- the pressure in the expansion valve (5) is reduced to a medium pressure,
- the vapor phase of the refrigerant is sucked by the secondary compressor (2), and
Characterized in that the liquid phase of the refrigerant is evaporated in the battery cooler (11) and sucked by the main compressor (11). 10. A method as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the heat release of the refrigerant takes place in an additional capacitor (4) which is subsequently connected in series to the capacitor (3). 10. The method of claim 9, wherein in the one-step heat pump operation,
- compressed in the main compressor (1) in one-stage,
- thereafter pass through the capacitor (3) under heat radiation to the passenger compartment,
- the pressure in the expansion valve (5) is reduced to a medium pressure,
- the vapor phase of the refrigerant is sucked by the main compressor (1), and
Characterized in that the liquid phase of the refrigerant is evaporated in the heat pump heat exchanger (10) and sucked by the main compressor (1). 12. The method of claim 11, wherein in the two-stage heat pump operation,
- two-stage compression in the main compressor (1) and the secondary compressor (2)
- thereafter pass through the capacitor (3) under heat radiation to the passenger compartment,
- the pressure in the expansion valve (5) is reduced to a medium pressure,
- the vapor phase of the refrigerant is sucked by the secondary compressor (2), and
Characterized in that the liquid phase of the refrigerant is evaporated in parallel and sucked in by the main compressor (1) in the heat pump heat exchanger (10), the air cooler (12) and the battery cooler (11) How the circuit works. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the heat pump heat exchanger (10) is further provided by the coolant circuit in the heat pump heat exchanger (10). 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that additional heat transfer areas can be activated in the charging operation of the capacitor for heat dissipation in the battery cooler (11). 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that additional heat transfer areas are activated in the filling operation for heat release in the coolant-air-cooler (14) or the total area can be used by other components due to non- Wherein the refrigerant circuit is operated by a refrigerant circuit. 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that for the heat release in the capacitor (3), the capacity of the capacitor (3) with or without further heat transfer areas in the charging operation is implemented as a temperature difference Wherein the refrigerant circuit comprises a refrigerant circuit.

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