KR20180081478A - Electric failure master detector - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to s master (universal) detector for electrical faults and, more specifically, to a master (universal) detector for electrical faults which inputs or outputs an abnormal current violating a current law by an electrical fault by a fault output device in case of power-side contact failure, phase coupling, disconnection, short circuit, load-side short circuit, and unbalanced current of a three-phase load In a power distribution system, and allows a fault detector to detect the electrical fault to immediately warn (notify) or shut off to prevent an electrical accident of the power distribution system. The master (universal) detector for electrical faults comprises: a fault output device to input or output an abnormal current violating a current law by an electrical fault by power-side short circuit, phase coupling, disconnection, contact failure, load-side short circuit, and unbalanced current of a three-phase load of a power distribution system in case of the power-side short circuit, phase coupling, disconnection, contact failure, load-side short circuit, and unbalanced current of the three-phase load; and a fault detector to detect an abnormal current of input power and output power inputted or outputted by the fault output device. The fault output device includes a first leg, a second leg, a third leg, a first coil, a second coil, a third coil, and an iron core. The first coil and the second coil are wound on two legs among the first leg, the second leg, and the third leg. The third coil includes a coil connected and wound on the legs, on which the first and the second coil are wound, in zigzags in an opposite direction of the first and the second coil to connect one thereof to a neutral point to restore power-side disconnection, phase coupling, and contact failure in real time.

Description

Electric failure master detector < RTI ID = 0.0 >

More particularly, the present invention relates to an electric failure master (universal) detector, and more particularly, to an electric failure master (universal) detector, which is capable of detecting leakage, image formation, disconnection, poor contact, leakage on the load side, and unbalanced current An electric fault having a fault detector connected to the power distribution system for alarming or interrupting an electric fault and for outputting an abnormal current when the electric fault has occurred in the connected fault output device, Master (universal) detector.

Generally, the electric facilities of the low-voltage customer are provided with a molded case circuit breaker or an earth leakage breaker for overload protection. The above-mentioned wiring breaker has a short-circuit protection for overloading so as to operate against abnormal current (voltage) The earth leakage circuit breaker is an earth leakage breaker which is combined with the earth leakage, overload and short circuit protection. The circuit breaker is normally housed in a molded case. The circuit breaker and the earth leakage breaker are alternately grounded at 600 V or less, Mold case circuit breaker used for protection of wiring in voltage circuit. In general, MCCB (Leakage circuit breaker) and ELCB (ELEB) are sometimes referred to as the name of the circuit breaker.

In addition, the earth leakage breaker detects the leakage current of about 5-30mA to prevent electric shock. However, most fuses and wiring breakers operate with a large current of about A to prevent electric shock due to small leakage current. It is necessary to prevent the electric shock from being transmitted to the heart so that the leakage current of about 5-30mA is cut off within 25-40 millisecond time. The leakage current which is the cutoff standard is different according to the country and region. In Korea, And the leakage current is within 50mA if the rated current of the earth leakage breaker is 100A.

A general earth leakage circuit breaker measures the difference between the current flowing through the power line and the current flowing through the neutral line. If the sum of the current flowing in and the current flowing in is not zero, it means that there is a short circuit somewhere. And the circuit breaker which cuts off the large current is complementary to each other. The circuit breaker only for the leakage current can not prevent the overload or the short circuit. Therefore, the circuit breaker is mostly used for the overcurrent (short circuit).

In addition, an earth leakage breaker with a leakage break current of 500 mA or more is installed in an environment such as a data center that can be accidentally operated when the breaking current is low. These earth leakage breakers are installed for fire prevention rather than electric shock.

However, electricity fires are not decreasing year by year, and when the neutral electricity is supplied from KEPCO due to the poor electrical facilities of the low-voltage customers than the high-voltage customers, or if the supplied electricity is supplied, the low-voltage customers will take no measures against the abnormal voltage input The electric appliance is overheated and an electric fire occurs.

In addition, if there is a fault in the system, or if there is a short-circuit accident in the area where the electric leakage from the electric receptacle of the low-voltage building to the distribution with the earth leakage breaker is made, it leads to electric shock and electric fire. There are various causes of electric fire. Major factors are as follows.

First of all, with the short circuit, the shell of the electric wire is peeled off, or the heavy wire is placed on the wire which can be fixed with the nail, pin or the like to the electric wire, and the two strands of the electric wire are directly or indirectly contacted with each other, (Short-circuit) phenomenon occurs at this time, the flame is generated by the contact between the conductors, which leads to a fire.

The overload is caused by excessive use of electricity in excess of the rated capacity, unbalanced current, excessive heat at the connection of the electric wire or the electric appliance itself or the wiring device, and the electric power is generated by the fire.

The unbalanced current is caused by failure of the phase equilibrium load (three-phase motor, etc.), disconnection, failure of the load equipment, neutral line of the unbalanced single-phase load, or failure of the load device. The overcurrent of the three-phase balanced load is controlled by the electronic overload relay It is possible to protect the system to a certain extent, but protection is not easy when the motor starts at the initial start-up and when an abnormality occurs in the control power supply or the neutral line is disconnected.

In the case of a short circuit, electricity flows to the outside through an object other than a wire through which electric power flows. Leakage fires flow to a building or an auxiliary facility without passing through a portion designed for a current path, and heat accumulates.

The contact failure is caused by the resistance at the connection point of the wire (branching of the circuit, etc.) and the obstruction of the flow occurs. If the obstacle accumulates for a predetermined time or more, the coating of the wire becomes carbonized, causing the +, - do.

In addition, over-current, over-voltage, unbalanced power, and image harmonics due to image formation, disconnection, and the like are caused by electric fire, but there is a prior art attached, and detailed explanation will be omitted and only contact failure will be explained.

As such, the causes of electrical fires are diverse. Because the causes of fire in each cause are different from each other, the methods used to detect them are also different, and the types of protective relays are also various.

For example, currently used watt-hour meters are mechanical watt-hour meters and electronic watt-hour meters, and both have a terminal structure in the body of the watt-hour meter.

However, due to the installation of such terminal portions, there are many drawbacks such as difficulties in wiring the terminal portion of the watt hour meter, heat generation at the terminal portions, safety accidents at the terminal portions, unauthorized operation of the terminal portions, increase in the manufacturing cost,

Particularly, the number of wattmeter burnout caused by the contact failure of the watt hour meter, that is, the contact failure between the terminal part of the watt hour meter and the electric wire, has increased in comparison with the past.

When the fault accumulates over a certain period of time, the temperature rises and the sheath (insulation) of the wire becomes carbonized and softened. Finally, That is, the +, - electrodes which are the conductors of the electric wires collide with each other, so that the electric power meter is burned down and the electric fire continues.

Specifically, as the resistance of the contact surface increases due to the contact failure of the electric wire, the heat of the conductor (electric wire) connection surface rises, and the heat of the elevated high temperature damages the insulation between the conductors (electric wires), causing a short circuit between the conductors. In addition, arcing occurs due to contact between the conductors, and the arc heat causes the appliance to be burned and further spread to the electric fire.

Generally, the main cause of burnout and electric fire due to deterioration of electric appliances is short-circuit, disconnection, phase-loss, overcurrent, short-circuit, and poor contact.

Until now, due to continuous efforts to reduce the occurrence of electric fires except neutral line disconnection on the power supply side, short circuit, poor contact, image on the load side, and unbalanced current, abnormal voltage on the power source side, short circuit on the load side, overcurrent, The development and dissemination of equipment that can prevent fire is taking place to some extent.

That is, many techniques for detecting an abnormal voltage on the power supply side, an image forming phase, a short circuit on the load side, a short circuit, an overload and the like have been developed. However, there are many techniques for detecting neutral line disconnection, There is no developed technology to detect the cause and to block or measure it. In case of KEPCO, it is necessary to use infrared (thermal) camera to find out the faulty distribution line. It is true.

For example, an apparatus for detecting an existing contact failure and an electrical abnormal state generally detects a temperature, detects voltage and current changes, changes in harmonics (VTHD, ITHD), etc. to detect contact failure, The technology must not only measure various electrical quality factors, install a temperature sensing device separately, but also accurately analyze the electric phenomenon that occurs when a contact failure occurs.

In other words, the conventional technique of detecting through harmonic variation is that VTHD and ITHD are seriously increased when a customer uses a welding machine and an arc load, and even if the value is in a steady state depending on light load, heavy load and peak load, And therefore it is not certain whether it is due to the contact failure.

Also, in the conventional technology for detecting the contact failure from one factor of the voltage value or the current value, when the voltage and the current source are separated (the customer supplied separately by PT and CT), there is a limit have.

Therefore, a technology that can prevent the electric appliance from burning and electric fire by accurately determining the cause of the contact failure is desperately required more than ever.

In order to solve all of the problems caused by the contact failure and image formation, disconnection, unbalanced overvoltage, and overcurrent, conventionally proposed techniques are disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2009-0004718 (published on Jan. 12, 2009) (Hereinafter, referred to as 'Prior Art 1'), Korea Patent Office Registration No. 10-1109024 (Registered on Jan. 17, 2012) (Name of invention: detection of contact failure of a watt hour meter) (Hereinafter, referred to as 'Prior Art 2'), Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1320373 (Registered on Oct. 15, 2013) (Name of invention: Image reconstruction apparatus equipped with a transformer and its installation method) (Hereinafter, referred to as 'Prior Art 4'), Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2015-0128124 (entitled "Overcurrent Relay") .

The disclosed 'Prior Art 1'

It is possible to protect the user from the risk of fire by detecting the contact failure by the change of current rms value, power factor, current instantaneous value, harmonics, etc., and by cutting off the power accordingly, and there are five factors It is possible to detect a contact failure more accurately by making a determination that the contact failure is caused when two or more factors of the contact failure are satisfied and further to inform the user terminal about the blocking situation due to the contact failure, .

The disclosed 'Prior Art 2'

A power factor calculator for calculating a power factor value in units of a total measurement time and a measurement time set based on the detected voltage and current values and a voltage and current detector for detecting a voltage and a current supplied to a customer, A contact failure judgment unit for judging that the contact failure is judged to be a contact failure when the power factor value calculated in units of measurement time is continuously decreased in a range smaller than a predetermined reference value and a contact failure signal when it is judged as a contact failure by the contact failure judgment unit And an interface unit for transmitting the electric power to the remote server. In addition, it is configured to prevent contact failure of the watt hour meter and to prevent burning of the electric device (watt hour meter) due to contact failure.

The disclosed 'Prior Art 3'

In the 3-phase 4-wire distribution system, it detects when an unbalanced fault current occurs in the phase line of the power line, disconnection of the neutral line, and the power line and the neutral line, and restores the normalization of power line image, disconnection of neutral line and power unbalance, So as to maintain normal power.

The disclosed 'Prior Art 4'

In order to solve the problem of the relay malfunction due to the normal load fluctuation which is the limit of the conventional art of the overcurrent relay, it is determined whether there is a normal load fluctuation when the load fluctuates, It is possible to perform proper relay operation according to the load condition, to prevent the relay malfunction caused by the normally added load, and to provide stable and reliable line protection and system operation.

1. Published Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0004718 (Dec. 1, 2009) 2. Patent Registration No. 10-1109024 (Registered on January 17, 2012) 3. Registration Patent Registration No. 10-1320373 (Registered on October 15, 2013) 4. Published Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0128124 (published Nov. 11, 2015)

However, in the above conventional technology, when a short circuit, a contact failure, an image formation, or a disconnection occurs on the power supply side in the power distribution system, a short circuit (ground fault) due to the short circuit, contact failure, Electric circuit) and the like, there is a problem that electrical equipment is burned, electric fire or electric power is generated.

In addition, since the power supply side leakage, disconnection, phase loss, contact failure, phase failure on the load side, alarm after the detection of three-phase load unbalance, and the method of shutdown are not shown in the power distribution system, electric shock due to power leakage, There is a problem that a fire due to a voltage inflow and a contact failure and an unbalance abnormality abnormality of a break on the side of a three-phase load can not be detected and then interrupted.

In addition, the existing overcurrent relay can not detect the overcurrent while the motor starts up due to the delay time when the load side image is formed, or the setting value must be set for each load, the malfunction due to the setting error when setting the current and time, Control power supply disconnection, etc.), and there is a problem that it can not be detected at the time of disconnection of the neutral line of the unbalanced single-phase load on the power source side.

In addition, control wiring should be designed according to the situation of the site, type of load, rated capacity, current at start, and operation current. Before commissioning in the field, start-up current setting, start time setting, There is a problem that the load is burned, an accident occurs, and an accident due to a miswiring or the like occurs.

Also, from the standpoint of the electric engineer who is obliged to shut down the electricity of the power system due to the occurrence of short circuit due to short circuit or short circuit, There was a problem that the fault was seriously opposed to the expansion of the fault.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the conventional power distribution system,

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power supply system capable of outputting an abnormal current to an electric fault when a three-phase unbalanced current due to leakage, image formation, disconnection, contact failure, (All-purpose) to prevent electric shock such as electric shock, appliance burnout, fire or the like due to overvoltage, overcurrent, abnormal current due to abnormal overvoltage, abnormal overcurrent due to disconnection, contact failure, unbalanced current, And to provide detectors.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system and method for preventing electric shock, fire, and the like by alerting (notifying) the electric fault to a real time wireless if an electric fault occurs due to a current unbalance of a short circuit, And an electric failure master (universal) detector for preventing electric accidents caused by device burnout, overheating, and the like.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is that if an electric failure occurs due to a current unbalance in a power distribution system due to a short circuit, a contact failure, a phase failure, a disconnection, or a three-phase load, the electric fault is immediately blocked and an electric shock, fire, And to provide an electric failure master (universal) detector for preventing an electric accident occurring.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is that if an abnormal load occurs in the load line due to image formation, disconnection, or load burnout on the three-phase three-wire type three-phase load side, the power abnormality is immediately blocked or alarmed, And an electric failure master (universal) detector for preventing an electric accident caused by overheating or the like.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to immediately shut down or alarm the power abnormality when an unbalanced voltage (overcurrent) occurs in the load line due to disconnection of the power supply side neutral line connected to the load side unbalanced single-phase load in the three- ) To thereby prevent electric accidents caused by electric shock, fire, equipment burnout, overheating, etc., and to provide an electric fault master (universal) detector.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for recovering abnormal electric power (overcurrent, overvoltage) in a line after a real-time repair of power line disconnection, image formation, and contact failure in a three-phase three- And an electric failure master (universal) detector for preventing an electric accident caused by an electric shock, a fire, a device burnout, and an overheating by an alarm.

An "electrical failure master (universal) detector " according to the present invention for solving the above-

이거나,

으로 발생시키는 고장출력기를 구비하고 상기 고장전류를 복구하거나, 검출하여 유·무선으로 통보하거나, 차단하는 것을 특징으로 한다.(A, B, C) or three-phase four-wire (A, B, C, N) distribution system and connected to the distribution line, The fault current that flows in and out

Lt; / RTI &

And a fault output device for generating or detecting the fault current, and notifying or disconnecting the fault current.

The electrical failure master (universal)

An electric power failure due to an unbalanced current of a three-phase load is monitored to detect a short circuit, an image formation, a disconnection, a short circuit, A fault output unit for generating an abnormal current in a neutral line in real time when an unbalanced current of a three-phase load occurs, And a fault detector for detecting the abnormal current.

The electrical failure master (universal)

A fault output unit for generating an abnormal current by using a fault electric fault caused by the electric leakage, the contact fault, the phase loss, the disconnection, and the unbalanced electric current;

A fault detector for detecting an abnormal current outputted from the fault output device and delivering the detected value to a breaker or an alarm generator;

And a breaker or an alarm generator for receiving an abnormal current detection value detected by the failure detector and for interrupting or alarming the failure power.

The fault output device includes:

A first leg, a second leg, and a third leg; A first winding, a second winding, and a third winding; Wherein the first winding and the second winding are wound on the first leg and the third leg and the third winding is wound on the first leg and the second winding in the direction opposite to the first winding and the second winding, And a second leg which is wound in a staggered manner in the third leg and is connected to a neutral point to generate a neutral current abnormality during a short circuit, a disconnection, an image formation, and an unbalance, and the second leg has a magnetic flux generated in the first leg and the third leg And the second leg serving as a circulating passage.

The fault output device includes:

The phase of the S phase is added by adding the reverse phase of S phase and the phase of T phase to output the phase of R phase, or the phase of S phase is added by adding the reverse phase of R phase and the reverse phase of T phase, And outputs an abnormal current for recovering a short circuit, a disconnection, an image formation, a contact failure, and an unbalanced current.

The fault output device includes:

The phase of the R phase is output by adding the reverse phase of the S phase or the reverse phase of the T phase and the positive phase of the R phase, or the phase of S phase is output by adding the reverse phase of R phase or the inverse phase of T phase to the positive phase of S phase, Or a phase in the T phase is added by adding the inverse phase of the S phase and the positive phase of the T phase to output a neutral line fault current for recovering leakage, disconnection, image formation, contact failure, and unbalanced current.

The fault output device includes:

Each of the windings wound on each of the legs at a time of occurrence of a faulty electric power due to the leakage current, the phase failure, the disconnection, the contact failure, the current unbalance of the three-phase motor, mutually induction electromagnetic induction at a ratio of 1: Or breaker neutral line abnormal current.

The fault detector comprises:

In order to protect the power distribution system from unbalance due to short circuit (ground fault), disconnection, phase loss, contact failure, abnormal over-current, abnormal over-voltage abnormality in the power distribution system, abnormal current output from the fault output device is detected by a video current transformer or power detector, Or the detection value is transmitted to a circuit breaker for wiring or a fuse or circuit protection circuit breaker or an alarm generator.

The power detector includes:

And detects the voltage and current of the input / output of the failure output device and outputs it to the outside.

The electrical failure master (universal)

And a circuit breaker for shutting off the power supply when an unbalanced current of the three-phase motor is generated, a short circuit of the power source side, a phase failure, a disconnection, a contact failure, a short circuit of the load side, an overcurrent, and the like.

According to the present invention, it is possible to recover power abnormality due to disconnection, image formation, and contact failure on the power supply side in the power distribution system in real time, and to block power supply side leakage, load side leakage, overcurrent, There is an advantage that electric shock such as electric shock, electric appliance burnout, electric fire or the like can be prevented from occurring.

According to the present invention, it is possible to warn, in real time, electrical faults due to unbalanced currents of the three phases of the power distribution system, such as electrical leakage, image formation, disconnection, , Electric fire or the like can be prevented from occurring.

Further, according to the present invention, an electrical failure due to an unbalanced current of a three-phase load can be prevented by preventing electric leakage, image formation, disconnection, disconnection, poor current leakage, overcurrent and three-phase load on the power supply side in the power distribution system, There is an advantage that an electric accident such as electric appliance burnout or electric fire can be prevented from occurring.

In addition, according to the present invention, even when normal power is used, generation of unbalanced power and image harmonics is attenuated or canceled by a failure output device connected to the power distribution system, and detected and notified by outputting an abnormal current, Can be improved.

According to the present invention, it is possible to set the starting time, the starting current setting, the operation current setting, and the overcurrent amount when the short circuit, the phase loss, the short circuit, the poor contact, or the short circuit, There is an advantage of preventing the electric motor burnout, overheating, electric shock, fire and electric accident by blocking or notifying the occurrence of over current or unbalanced electric fault without monitoring the set value.

FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of a change in voltage and current when an arc is generated due to a contact failure. FIG.
Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of a change in voltage and current of normal power. Fig.
Figure 3 is a schematic and circuit diagram of an " electrical failure master (universal) detector "200 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a circuit diagram and leakage power recovery vector diagram of various embodiments of a fault output device.
5 is a circuit diagram of various embodiments of a fault output device.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the power supply side and the load side connection circuit diagram and the test result table (when the phases are turned off (A, B, and C) It can be seen that an abnormal current is generated in the neutral side of the power source side, and the result is the result of the test using the product of the above-mentioned prior art 3.}
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a failure output device detecting a failure current at a neutral point connected to a neutral line N while restoring the power supply side in a balanced direction by connecting to a neutral line N in a three-phase four-wire type.
8 is a detection position circuit diagram of a fault detector for detecting a fault current at a neutral point of each winding of a fault output device when a neutral point (N) of a fault output device is connected to a ground (E, ET) in a three-phase three-
Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram for specifying an electrical failure that can be detected according to the detection position of the failure detector. Fig.
In FIG. 9, reference numeral 210-1 denotes a detection circuit for detecting disconnection on the power source side, leakage, image formation, contact failure,
In FIG. 9, reference numeral 210-2 denotes a circuit for detecting a disconnection on a power source side, a short circuit, an image formation, a contact failure,
In FIG. 9, reference numeral 210-3 is a circuit for detecting a disconnection, an image formation, a contact failure on a power supply side, an image of a three-phase balanced (motor) load side line,
In Fig. 9, reference numeral 210-4 is a circuit for detecting the leakage current on the load side and the unbalanced overcurrent
9, reference numeral 240 denotes a short-circuit on the load side, a short circuit,

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail.

3 is a configuration and a circuit diagram of an " electric failure master (universal) detector "200 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a fault output device 220 connected to a power distribution system 100, And a failure detector 210 for detecting an abnormal current to prevent the leakage current from flowing.

When the electric failure master (universal) detector 200 is implemented as a single module, it can be carried and the electric failure (power shortage, phase loss, disconnection, poor contact and short circuit on the load side, overcurrent, It is possible to prevent the abnormal power from being alarmed or interrupted by easily monitoring the power supplied to the electric power supply device installed in the distribution or alarming the electric power supplied to the power supply device installed in the circuit breaker.

The power distribution system 100 means a general power distribution system that supplies power to three-phase three-wire type (R, S, T) or three-phase four-wire type (R, S, T, N).

The electrical failure master (universal) detector 200 is connected to the electrical equipment of the power distribution system 100 and detects an electrical failure occurring in the power distribution system 100 when electrical leakage, contact failure, phase loss, disconnection, The faulty output device 220 receives or outputs the abnormal power for the faulty fault detector 220 when the faulty fault, the faulty fault, the faulty fault, the faulty fault, the disconnection or the unbalanced fault is generated , Outputs an abnormal current to be outputted from the outside so that the electric fault caused by the electric leakage, contact failure, image formation, disconnection, unbalanced current can be recognized from the outside, the alarm generator 230 is operated with the detected abnormal current, 240 to prevent the occurrence of the electric fault.

The electric failure master (universal) detector 200 receives the electric fault upon receipt of the electric fault, receives a fault current for detecting the electric fault, and outputs a fault current 220 And a failure detector (210) for detecting the abnormal current generated in the failure output device (220) for restoring, interrupting or alerting the electrical failure. The failure detector (220) The electric breaker 240 is connected to the alarm generator 230 so as to judge whether or not the electric fault has occurred.

When an electrical failure occurs in the power supply side of the power distribution system 100 due to the electrical leakage, disconnection, image formation, and contact failure, the failure output device 220 outputs a potential difference and a phase difference between phases, a potential difference between the neutral point and the phase, 120, 130, and 140 and coils in the form of coils P1, P2, P3, and P3 to supply the fault detector 210 with a fault condition due to the leakage, disconnection, The first leg P1 and the third leg P2 are wound in opposite directions to each other and the third leg 140 is wound with the second winding P2 and the third leg P2, The windings P4 are wound in opposite directions so that one end of the first winding P2 and the third winding P2 is connected to the neutral line N, The windings P2 and P4 are wound and connected to the first leg 120 and the third leg 140 so that the electric current leakage, disconnection, image formation, contact failure, It is preferable that the first leg and the second leg are electrically connected to each other for generating an abnormal current due to a phase current unbalance electric failure of the three-phase load, and the second leg serves as a path for discharging different magnetic fluxes induced in the first leg and the third leg Do.

4, there is shown a simplified circuit diagram and a phase vector diagram 220-1 of the fault output device 220. The input A, input B, input C, input N, If the input A of the fault output device 220 is grounded, disconnected, or if the faulty connection or fault occurs, the input A disappears or the phase is changed so that the input B , Only the power of the input C is supplied, and the input A shown in the vector drawing 810 included in FIG. 4 is in the order of the vector diagrams 810-1, 810-2, and 810-3 An abnormal current that the fault output device 220 uses to recover the power input A is generated from the neutral line N that is input to the fault output device 220. [

When the input B of the fault output device 220 is grounded, disconnected, or is in an abnormal state or is in contact, the input B disappears or its phase is changed so that only the power of the input A and the input C is supplied to the fault output device 220 The input B shown in the drawing 820 included in FIG. 4 can be recovered in real time in the order of the vector diagrams 820-1, 820-2, and 820-3 of the recovery method of the disconnection method, An abnormal current due to the recovery power is generated at the neutral line N input to the failure output device 220,

When the input C of the fault output device 220 is grounded, disconnected, or an image is formed or a contact failure occurs, the input C disappears or its phase is deformed so that only the power of the input A and the input B is supplied to the fault output device 220 , The input C shown in the drawing 830 included in FIG. 4 can be restored in real time in the order of the vector diagrams 830-1, 830-2, and 830-3 of the recovery method during the disconnection, An abnormal current that the fault output device 220 uses to recover the power input C is generated at the neutral line N input to the fault output device 220. [

배(출력전류를 A+B+C더한 값)에 해당하는 중성선 전류가 고장출력기에 입력되어

으로 으로 출력되고 전류법칙에 반하는 이상전류가 출력, 검출되는 것이다.The fault output device 220 shown in FIG. 4 includes the windings P1, P2, P3, and P4 and the legs 120, 130, and 140 wound with a voltage ratio of 1: 1 When the input A is in the extinction state as shown in the vector diagram 810-1, only the input B, the input C and the neutral line power, which maintain the phase angle of 120 degrees with each other, are input, The voltage of the input B is applied to the other end of the connected winding (coil) P2 and the winding P4 wound in the opposite direction to the winding P2 on the same leg 140 as the third leg 140 wound with the winding P2 A phase voltage in the direction opposite to that of the voltage induced in the winding P2 by 180 degrees is generated by the electromagnetic induction in the winding P4 on the basis of the reference voltage N and the phase vector in the state of the figure 810-1, The input C having the phase difference of 120 degrees with the input B and the 380V potential difference and the neutral line N and the 220V potential difference is the one of the windings P3 And the voltage of the phase generated in the winding P4 is applied to the other end connected to the winding P3 and in the opposite direction to the input B having a phase difference from the input C, A voltage equal to the phase of the extinction input A is induced and a phase vector in the state of the figure 810-2 is displayed and the winding P3 is wound on the winding P1 wound in the opposite direction in the same leg 120 in which the winding P3 is wound, The coil P 1, to which the one end is connected to the neutral point N, is subjected to the electromagnetic induction for generating the opposite phase voltage of the phase of the winding P 3, As shown in the test report of FIG. 6, the current of the neutral line for restoring the input A when generating the power input A is approximately

Neutral current corresponding to double (plus the output current A + B + C) is input to the fault output device

And an abnormal current contrary to the current law is output and detected.

In the literature, the electric theory based on the three-phase vector shows that the combined currents of three-phase three-wire loads are A (R) + B (S) + C (T) = 0, (R) + B (S) + C (T) = N, and if a balanced current of 100 flows through A (R), B Becomes 0 and the current does not flow.

Even if the equilibrium current is not obtained, the phase of the R phase of the three-phase load is assumed to be imbalanced, so that the sum of currents on the S phase and the T phase changed into single phase becomes zero. In the unbalanced three- There is no violation of Kirchhoff's current law.

또는

으로 정하고 전류법칙에 반하는 고장전류를 건전상과 중성선(접지)을 이용하여 고장출력기에 전기고장에 대한 전류를 입력하거나, 출력하고, 고장검출기는 상기 고장출력기에서 발생된 고장전류를 검출하여 배전계통의 전기고장을 판정하고 그 계통을 차단하거나, 경보하거나, 고장구간을 특정하여 알려줄 수 있도록 하기 위해 A상의 부하용량이 100일 때 단선되거나 결상되면 고장출력기가 A상을 복구하기 위해 B, C상과 N상의 전력을 사용하여 A상에 전기를 공급하려면 B와 C상은 자기 출력전류보다 A상 복구를 위한 50이상씩과 N상은 A상, B상, C상의 출력전류를 더한 전류만큼 더 흐르게 되어 R상의 100을 복구하게 되고 결국 N상에는 A상, B상, C상의 출력전류를 더한 값의 이상전류가 발생되며 삼상부하 측 선로에서 A상, B상, C상의 한선이 단선되면 부하 측에 불평형 과전류가 흐르지 않도록 전원 측을 평형방향으로 복구하기 위해 전원 측의 A(R), B(S), C(T)상은 상기 고장출력기의 입력A, 입력B, 입력C와 중성선(접지) 사용하여 불평형 전류를 보정하게 되어 상기 고장출력기는 전원 측 중성선(N)에서 전류를 공급받아 상기와 같은 원리로 중성선(N)에 이상전류가 발생되고 삼상의 전동기 부하가 A상이 단선되거나 결상이 되면 고장출력기는 부하 평형을 유지하기 위해 상기와 같은 원리로 B, C상과 중성선(N)의 전류를 사용하게 되어 결국은 중성선에서 이상전류가 발생되는 것이며, 전원 측과 부하 측의 누전발생도 복구하기 위해 같은 원리로 중성선(N)에서 이상전류가 발생하거나 누전이 발생된 자체누설전류가 발생되어 이상전류가 발생되는 것이다.Therefore, in the present invention, an abnormal current contrary to the Kirchhoff's current law

or

, And the fault current corresponding to the current law is inputted or outputted to the fault output device using the good and neutral lines (ground), or the fault detector detects the fault current generated in the fault output device, If the load capacity of the A phase is disconnected or becomes 100 when the load capacity of the A phase is disconnected or the fault occurs, the fault output device must be connected to the B, C phase And N phase to supply electricity to A phase, B and C phases are more than 50 for A phase recovery than magnetic output current, and N phase flows more current plus A phase, B phase, and C phase current R phase 100 is recovered. As a result, an abnormal current of the sum of the phase currents of A phase, B phase and C phase is generated on the N phase. When one of the phases A phase, B phase and C phase is disconnected from the three phase load side line, (A), B (S), and C (T) on the power supply side are connected to the input A, B, and C of the faulty output device and the neutral line (ground) to restore the power supply side in the equilibrium direction so that the unbalanced overcurrent does not flow. The fault output device receives a current from the power supply side neutral line N and generates an abnormal current in the neutral line N on the basis of the same principle. If the three-phase motor load is broken or the phase A is broken, In order to maintain the load balance, the output device uses the currents of B, C and N in the same manner as described above. As a result, abnormal current is generated at the neutral line. An abnormal current is generated in the neutral line N due to the same principle, or a self-leakage current in which a leakage current is generated is generated and an abnormal current is generated.

When an abnormal current is generated in the windings connected to the earth (E, ET) or the neutral line (N) connecting the neutral point of the fault output device 220 to maintain the phase of the three phases in the fault output device 220, The alarm generator 230 or the earth leakage breaker operates when the abnormal current is detected and the abnormal current detection value is transmitted to the alarm generator 230 or the trip circuit of the earth leakage breaker. In order to detect a fault current, the fault output device 220 connected to the fault detector 220 detects a neutral fault current of each of three phases divided into three phase windings as shown in FIG. 7, and detects a fault current. In existing electrical equipment, image formation is detected by using UVR (Low Voltage Relay) or POR (Phase Relay) to detect image formation. However, when the price is high and the neutral line of the power source is disconnected, It is not easy to difficult, especially in bad contact is correctly detected)

4, when the input B is disappeared, the input A and the input C are connected to the power source 820-1 only when the input B is lost. The input A is supplied with the power of the input A at the other end of the coil P1 having one end connected to the neutral point N and the winding P1 is connected to the leg 120 wound with the winding P1 The electric power input C is connected to one end of the winding P3 and the winding P3 is connected to the input A and the neutral point as inputs The electric potential becomes the reference phase of the winding P3 by the potential difference possessed by the power source C and the phase and the voltage opposite to the phase and the voltage induced in the winding P1 by the power input A are generated in the winding P3, (820-1) state, and the P 3 is supplied to the winding P4 connected to the other end of the winding P4, the vector of the state (820-2) is generated, and the winding P4 is the same as the winding of the winding 140 Electromagnetic induction is performed on the winding P2 wound on the leg 140 in the direction opposite to the winding P4 on the basis of the neutral point so that the recovery voltage of the fault output device 220 using the input neutral line N also becomes negative The vector of the state of the drawing 820-3 is displayed, and the power-supply input B that has been destroyed is generated.

Even if the input A disappears or the input B disappears even if the input C is not supplied with power, the input A or the input B is converted into the electromagnetic induction by using the phase difference and the potential difference between the three phases and the phase difference and the potential difference between the phases, Input C is restored for the same reason as how it is restored. In the figure 830, the input C is not fed, and the power input C is removed so that the power input A and the power input B are connected to the windings P 1 and P 2 connected respectively to the neutral points, The winding P 1 and the winding P 2 take the form of V wiring with reference to the neutral point and the winding P 2 induces electromagnetic induction with the phase and voltage of the winding P 4 in the opposite direction of 180 degrees, P1 is generated by electromagnetic induction of the winding P3 with a phase and voltage in the opposite direction of 180 degrees, and the power input C is restored by using the neutral line N input as shown in FIG. 830-3.

이 아닌 고장전류가 발생하며 배전계통의 전원 측에서 지락, 단선, 결상으로 인해 하나의 선로 고장으로 입력 전원이 투입되지 않았음에도 불구하고 부하 측에서는 삼상의 전류를 정상적으로 사용하여 비정상적으로 중성선 전류가 출력되므로 중성선의 전류는 이상전류로 공급하게 되는 것이다.When three-phase power is applied to the input A, the input B, and the input C even when the power source-side neutral line is disconnected, the phase of each phase is maintained at 120 degrees, and the center of the three phase power is naturally generated, P3, P4), and the current is supplied to the output of the neutral line by the unbalance of the single-phase load

The fault current is generated and the input power is not input due to the ground fault, disconnection, or phase loss on the power supply side of the power distribution system due to one line fault. However, the neutral side current is abnormally output The current of the neutral line is supplied as an abnormal current.

In addition, even when the three-phase motor power of the abnormal unbalanced current is supplied due to the abnormality in the power distribution system due to the abnormal current outputted by the embodiment of the prior art 3 described above and FIG. 5 attached thereto, This compensates the power supply to compensate for the side unbalance, and the abnormal current of the neutral line is generated, so that the fault detector is activated and the abnormal power is prevented from flowing into the power distribution system. (The fault current detection of the fault detector Capacity and the fault detector should be equipped with a fault current detector, a power detector or an earth leakage breaker or a wiring breaker or a fuse or circuit protection circuit breaker)

That is, according to the present invention, if a power abnormality occurs due to an unbalanced current of a three-phase load in the power distribution system 100, the failure output device 220 Receives a power abnormality, receives an abnormal current in real time, and supplies the abnormality current to the power distribution system 100 where the power abnormality occurs. When the failure detector 210 detects the abnormal current, the alarm generator 230 So as to inform the outside or the outside wirelessly, or the electric power breaker 240 will block the electric power abnormality. The device for tripping to block the breaker 240 uses a trip circuit of an existing circuit breaker or uses a conventional leak alarm to provide a break contact function and a communication function. By allowing the administrator to recognize the occurrence of failure notification by wire or wireless, and allowing the administrator to take follow-up measures promptly, it is possible to prevent electric shock, system malfunction, electric fire, The damage can be prevented in advance.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims and their equivalents. Of course, such modifications are within the scope of the claims.

100 - Distribution system (electrical system of distribution system)
120 - first leg, 130 - second leg, 140 - third leg
200 - an electrical failure master (universal) detector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
210 - Fault detector
220-Failure output units 220-A and 220-B,
230 - Alarm generator (Earth leakage alarm)
240 - Circuit breaker (MCCB, ELB, ACB, VCB, LBS, MG / SW, SSR, etc.)
P1 - a first winding wound on the first leg
P2 - the second winding wound on the third leg
P3 - the third winding wound on the first leg
P4 - the third winding wound on the third leg
A (R), B (S), C (T) - power lines,
N - Neutral
E or ET - Ground (earth) terminal

Claims (10)

3-phase 3-wire or 3-phase 4-wire power distribution system and connected to the distribution line, the fault current flowing into and out of the electric faults on the power supply side and the load side based on the connection point

Lt; / RTI &

And a fault output device for generating a fault current to the electric fault master (universal) detector, The system of claim 1, wherein the electrical failure master (universal)
An electric power failure due to an unbalanced current of a three-phase load is monitored to detect a short circuit, an image formation, a disconnection, a short circuit, A fault output unit for generating an abnormal current in a neutral line when an unbalanced current of a three-phase load occurs, And a fault detector for detecting the abnormal current. The electrical failure master (universal) detector according to claim 2,
The fault output device for generating an abnormal current by using a neutral line as an electric fault caused by the electric leakage, contact failure, phase loss, disconnection, and unbalanced current;
A fault detector for detecting an abnormal current outputted from the fault output device and transmitting the detected value to the alarm generator or the breaker by distinguishing the power supply side and the load side fault interval;
And a breaker or an alarm generator for receiving or detecting the abnormal current detection value detected by the failure detector and for interrupting or alarming the failure electric power. The fault output device includes: a first leg, a second leg, and a third leg; A first winding, a second winding, and a third winding; Wherein the first winding and the second winding are wound on the first leg and the third leg and the third winding is wound on the first leg and the second winding in the direction opposite to the first winding and the second winding, And a neutral line connected to the earth when an electric failure occurs due to a short circuit, a contact failure, a disconnection, an image formation, and an unbalanced current in a three-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire power distribution system in which one end is wound in a zig- And the second leg includes the second leg serving as a path through which the magnetic flux generated in the first leg and the third leg circulates. 4. The fault diagnosis system according to claim 1 or 4,
The phase of the S phase is added by adding the reverse phase of S phase and the phase of T phase to output the phase of R phase, or the phase of S phase is added by adding the reverse phase of R phase and the reverse phase of T phase, And outputs an abnormal current of a neutral line for recovering a short circuit, a disconnection, an image formation, a contact failure, and an unbalanced current. 4. The fault diagnosis system according to claim 1 or 4,
The phase of the R phase is output by adding the reverse phase of the S phase or the reverse phase of the T phase and the positive phase of the R phase, or the phase of S phase is output by adding the reverse phase of R phase or the inverse phase of T phase to the positive phase of S phase, Or an S phase neutral phase plus a positive phase on a T phase to output a phase of T phase to output an abnormal current of a neutral line for recovering leakage, disconnection, imaging, contact failure, and unbalanced current. . 4. The fault diagnosis system according to claim 1 or 4,
In the event of electrical failure, each winding wound on each leg causes a mutual electromagnetic induction action at a ratio of 1: 1, resulting in an alarm or interruption of the electric fault, And outputs an abnormality current to be applied to the electric fault master (universal) detector. The fault detector according to claim 2 or 3,
In order to protect the power distribution system from unbalance due to short circuit (ground fault), disconnection, phase loss, contact failure, abnormal over current, abnormal over voltage abnormality in the power distribution system, abnormal current output from the fault output device is detected by a video current transformer or power detector, Characterized in that the detection value is transmitted to a circuit breaker or a circuit breaker or a fuse or circuit protection circuit breaker or SSR or MG / SW or an alarm generator. 10. The apparatus of claim 8,
And detects the voltage and current of the input / output of the fault output device and outputs it to the outside. 4. The fault diagnosis system according to claim 1 or 4,
In the power supply side provided with the power distribution system, the fault phase power due to the ground fault, the phase loss and the contact fault is supplied by using the neutral line and the solid phase when the ground fault, the imaging fault or the contact fault is occurred, and the neutral line is recovered The unbalanced power (voltage, current) on the power source side and the unbalanced power on the load side are improved to equilibrium by using a neutral line, and the neutral line is used in case of a short circuit or power is supplied to the shorted fault line, Wherein the three-phase power side is corrected in the equilibrium direction by using the neutral line and the healthy phase even when the three-phase load is imposed on the load side.

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