KR20180071422A - Detergent composition that performs both a cleaning and rinsing function - Google Patents

Abstract

An industrial, two-in-one cleaning composition is disclosed that provides both detergency and rinsing capabilities to a single cleaning composition. The alkali metal carbonate-based cleaning compositions and methods of making and using the same provide user-friendly solid detergent compositions that do not require the use of separate rinse aid compositions. The compositions and methods are particularly well suited for use in industrial cleaning using alkali metal carbonate compositions that advantageously provide cleaning and rinsing capabilities in a rinse cycle.

Description

DETERGENT COMPOSITION THAT PERFORMS BOTH A CLEANING AND RINSING FUNCTION < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The present invention is directed to an industrial 2-in-1 cleaning composition that provides both detergency and rinsing capabilities to a single cleaning composition. In particular, the present compositions and methods of making and using them provide user-friendly solid detergent compositions that do not require the use of separate rinse aid compositions. The present compositions and methods are based on the use of an alkali metal carbonate composition which advantageously provides cleaning and rinsing capabilities to enable the use of a potable water rinse without the addition of a separate rinse agent, and is particularly well suited for use in industrial cleaning.

Alkaline detergents are widely used to clean articles in both consumer and industrial dish machines. Alkaline detergents are widely used due to their ability to remove and emulsify fatty, oily, and hydrophobic soils. However, alkaline detergents have the disadvantage of requiring a rinse aid to prevent film formation on glass and other substrate surfaces that are contacted by alkaline detergents. Filming is caused, in part, by the use of alkaline detergents with certain water types (including hard water) and water temperature. A solution to the occurrence of a light water film is to use a rinse aid to remove this film. However, the need for rinsing aids increases the cost associated with alkaline detergents for both formulations of both detergent compositions, as well as the additional cost associated with heated water for the rinsing step.

Additionally, the rinse aid is used in the rinse cycle after the rinse cycle to reduce any rinse incompleteness (including removal of the film) as well as improve the drying time. Additional advantages and methods of using a rinse aid are described in U.S. Patent No. RE 38262, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The addition of rinsing aids to the dishwashing rinse cycle requires space for the use of GRAS (generally recognized as safe) components as well as for the installation of both a detergent dispenser and a rinse aid dispenser.

There is a need for an effective alternative cleaning composition that provides the desired cleaning results and at the same time reduces the number of components required for cleaning and rinsing.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to develop an alkaline detergent composition that provides good rinsing performance and good rinsing ability in drinking water rinsing without the use of rinsing aids added in a rinsing cycle.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a combination of surfactants, and optionally a carbonate-based alkaline detergent using a polymer, to provide good rinsing performance and rinsing capability without the use of rinsing aids in the cleaning composition.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a combination of surfactants, and optionally a polymer-based carbonate-based alkaline detergent, that provides a cleaning and rinsing efficacy at least substantially similar to conventional two-part detergent and rinse aid.

Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

An advantage of the present invention is that it provides an industrial detergent composition that provides both detergency and rinsing capabilities to a single cleaning composition, thereby eliminating the need for additional rinse aid compositions. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention provide a user-friendly, solid, 2-in-1 cleaning and rinsing action to provide a separate rinse from the industrial dishwashing compositions and methods of using them Advantageously remove the aids. The alkaline detergent composition according to the present invention advantageously provides both good rinsing performance and rinsing ability in drinking water rinsing without the use of the rinsing aid added in the rinsing cycle.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising a carbonate alkaline source in combination with non-ionic surfactants, wherein the composition provides a replacement for the separate use of dishwasher detergent and rinse additive due to the superior cleaning and rinsing capabilities of the composition do. The detergent composition may also include a polymer, for example, a polycarboxylic acid polymer, a builder, a water conditioning agent, a neutralizing agent, a disinfectant, and the like.

In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of cleaning an article in an industrial dishwasher using a carbonate-based alkaline detergent comprising an alkali metal carbonate and a nonionic surfactant. The present invention also relates to a method of cleaning an article, comprising the steps of: providing an alkaline, two-in-one composition; inserting the composition into a dispenser in a dishwasher; forming a cleaning solution with the composition and water; To a method of cleaning an article in an industrial dishwasher using steps of contacting, removing contaminants, and rinsing the article using the same alkaline, two-in-one cleaning composition without the addition of additional rinsing aids.

While several embodiments have been described, still other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which illustrates and describes exemplary embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

Figure 1 shows a graph of the average dynamic surface tension of the experimental formulation (Experiment 1) as compared to the phosphate-based alkaline detergent as well as the non-ionic-based rinse aid at a temperature of 160 에, depending on the average bubble life at the concentration used will be. The figure shown is an average of three independent measurements. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the experimental formulation exhibits a sharp reduction in surface tension and a significant degradation, similar to a well-performed commercial rinse aid such as rinse aid control 2.
Figure 2 shows a graph of the average dynamic surface tension of the experimental formulation (Run 2) as compared to the phosphate-based alkaline detergent as well as the non-ionic-based rinse aid at a temperature of 160 캜, It is. The figure shown is an average of three independent measurements. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the experimental formulation exhibits a sharp reduction in surface tension and a significant degradation, similar to a well-performed commercial rinse aid such as rinse aid control 2.
Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the several views. Reference to various embodiments does not limit the scope of the invention. The drawings presented herein are not intended to limit the various embodiments according to the invention, but rather to illustrate the present invention.

The present invention is directed to a two-in-one alkaline cleaning composition that provides adequate cleaning and rinsing capabilities while using a combination of carbonate-based alkaline detergents and surfactants. In an exemplary embodiment, the nonionic surfactant provides effective aqueous rinsing with drinking water. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to specific alkaline detergents, which can be varied and understood by those skilled in the art based on the description provided herein. It will further be appreciated that all terms used herein are for purposes of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting in any way or range. For example, the singular forms as used in this specification and the appended claims may include a plurality of such terms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In addition, all units, prefixes, and symbols can be represented by their SI-permissible forms.

The numerical ranges recited in this specification include numerals defining such ranges and including each integer within the specified range. Throughout this description, various aspects of the present invention are presented in scoped form. The description of the scope form will be understood merely for convenience and brevity and will not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range will be regarded as having all possible sub-ranges described in detail, as well as individual numerical ranges within such ranges. For example, a description in the range of 1 to 6 inclusive may include the subranges described in detail such as 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 2 to 4, 2 to 6, 3 to 6, For example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 within the range. This applies irrespective of the width of the range.

In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, certain terms are first defined. Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of skill in the art to which embodiments of the present invention belong. Many methods and materials similar or variations or equivalents to those described herein can be used to practice embodiments of the invention without undue experimentation and preferred materials and methods are described herein. In describing and asserting embodiments of the present invention, the following terms will be used in accordance with the definitions set out below.

As used herein, the term " about "means, for example, through conventional measurement and liquid manipulation procedures used to prepare the concentrate or use solution in practice; Through unintentional errors in these procedures; Source, or purity of the components used to make the composition or perform the method, and the like. The term " about "also includes a different amount due to the different equilibrium conditions for the composition obtained from the particular initial mixture. The claims, whether modified or not by the term " about " include equivalents to such quantities.

The term " active water "or " percent active" or "wt% active" or "active water concentration" is used interchangeably herein and is expressed as a percentage minus an inert component such as water or salt Quot; refers to the concentration of the components involved in the cleaning.

The term "alkyl" as used herein refers to a straight or branched chain monovalent hydrocarbon group optionally containing one or more heteroatom substituents independently selected from S, O, Si, or N. Alkyl groups generally include those having 1 to 20 atoms. The alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted with a substituent that does not interfere with the particular function of the composition. Substituents include, for example, alkoxy, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, alkyl substituted amino, or halo. Examples of "alkyl" as used herein include methyl, ethyl, n- propyl, n- butyl, n- pentyl, isobutyl, isopropyl, and C ₈ -C ₂₀ alkyl chain, but are not limited to, . Also, "alkyl" includes "alkylene "," alkenylene ", or "alkylene ".

As used herein, the term "alkylene" refers to a straight or branched chain divalent hydrocarbon group containing one or more heteroatom substituents, optionally independently selected from S, O, Si, or N. The alkylene group may generally be substituted or unsubstituted with a substituent that does not interfere with the particular function of the composition. Substituents include, for example, alkoxy, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, alkyl substituted amino, or halo. Examples of "alkylene" as used herein include, but are not limited to, methylene, ethylene, propane-1,3-diyl, propane-1,2-diyl, and the like.

The term "alkenylene" as used herein refers to a straight or branched chain divalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond and optionally containing at least one heteroaromatic substituent independently selected from S, O, Si, or N . Alkenylene groups generally include those having 1 to 20 atoms. The alkenylene group may be substituted or unsubstituted with a substituent that does not interfere with the particular function of the composition. Substituents include, for example, alkoxy, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, alkyl substituted amino, or halo. As used herein, the term "alkylene" refers to a straight or branched chain divalent hydrocarbon group having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds and optionally containing one or more heteroaromatic substituents independently selected from S, O, Si, or N . Alkyl groups generally include those having 1 to 20 atoms. The alkylene group may be substituted or unsubstituted with a substituent that does not interfere with the particular function of the composition. Substituents include, for example, alkoxy, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, alkyl substituted amino, or halo.

The term "alkoxy" as used herein refers to an -O-alkyl group, wherein alkyl is as defined above. As used herein, the term "cleaning " refers to a method used to promote or assist in removing contaminants, bleaching, reducing microbial population, and any combination thereof.

As used herein, the term " generally recognized as safe "or" GRAS "is intended to be safe for human food consumption directly by the Food and Drug Administration, CFR Refers to components classified as components based on the current good manufacturing practice conditions being used, as specified in Chapter 1, § 170.38 and / or 570.38.

The term "contaminant" or "stain" as used herein includes, but is not limited to, mineral clays, sand, natural mineral materials, carbon black, graphite, kaolin, environmental dust, and food contaminants, Refers to polar or non-polar materials that may or may not contain particulate matter such as polyphenolic starch, proteins, oils and fats, and the like.

As used herein, the term "substantially nonexistent " refers to a composition having such a small amount of ingredients that the ingredients are completely absent or that do not affect the performance of the composition. The component may be present as an impurity or as a contaminant and will be less than 0.5% by weight. In another embodiment, the amount of the component is less than 0.1 wt%, and in another embodiment, the amount of the component is less than 0.01 wt%.

The term "substantially similar cleaning performance" generally refers to cleanliness or generally the same expense (or at least a significantly higher cost), or effort, or both ≪ / RTI > or an alternative cleaning system having an < / RTI >

The term "threshold agent " refers to a compound that inhibits crystallization of water hardness ions from a solution but does not need to form a specific complex with water hardness ions. The boundary agent includes, but is not limited to, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, olefin / maleic copolymers, and the like.

The term "ware " as used herein refers to an item such as a meal appliance and cooker, and a dish. The term "warewashing " as used herein refers to washing, rinsing, or rinsing a tableware. Tableware also refers to articles made of plastic. The types of plastics that can be cleaned with the composition according to the present invention include, but are not limited to, those comprising polycarbonate polymer (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer (ABS), and polysulfone polymer Do not. Other exemplary plastics that can be cleaned using the compounds and compositions of the present invention include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and plastics from melamine resins.

As used herein, the terms "weight percent," "percent by weight," "percent by weight," "% by weight," and variations thereof, The concentration is referred to as dividing by the total weight of the composition and multiplying by 100. As used herein, "percent," "%," and the like are intended to be synonymous with "percent by weight," "percent by weight," and the like.

The methods and compositions of the present invention may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the components and components of the invention, as well as other components described herein. As used herein, the term " consisting essentially of "means that a method and a composition can be used only when the additional steps, components or components do not substantially change the basic and novel features of the claimed method and composition, But may include additional steps, components, or components.

Alkaline to-in-one detergent composition

Alkaline source

The alkaline detergent composition comprises an alkaline source. The alkaline source comprises an alkali metal carbonate. Examples of suitable alkaline sources include, but are not limited to, alkali metal carbonates, such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the alkaline detergent composition does not include a hydroxide alkaline source. The alkaline source adjusts the pH of the working solution when water is added to the detergent composition to form the working solution. The pH of the working solution should be maintained in the alkaline range to provide sufficient detergency properties. In one embodiment, the pH of the use solution is from about 9 to about 12. In particular, the pH of the solution used is from about 9.5 to about 11.5.

In certain embodiments, the alkaline source may also function as a hydrolyzable salt to form a solid composition. Hydrolysable salts may be referred to as being substantially anhydrous. Substantially anhydrous means that the component contains less than about 2% water by weight based on the weight of the hydrolyzable component. The amount of water may be less than about 1% by weight, and may be less than about 0.5% by weight. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, there is no requirement that hydrolyzable salts are completely anhydrous. In certain embodiments, there is also water of hydration to hydrolyze alkaline sources (i.e., hydrolyzable salts). It will be understood that reference to water includes both hydrated water and free water. The phrase "hydration water" refers to water that is somehow coupled to a non-water molecule. Representative forms of attraction include hydrogen bonding. Hydration water also serves to increase the viscosity of the mixture during processing and cooling to prevent separation of the components. The amount of hydrated water in the detergent composition will depend on the alkaline source / hydrolyzable salt. In addition to hydrated water, the detergent composition may also have a free water number that is not attracted to the non-aqueous molecule.

In one embodiment, the alkaline detergent composition comprises from about 10% to 95% by weight alkaline source, from about 25% to 90% alkaline source, from about 40% to 85% alkaline source, preferably from about 45% Weight% alkaline source. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited include numerals defining such ranges and include each integer within the specified range.

Surfactants

The to-in-one alkaline composition according to the present invention uses a combination of surfactants to provide good cleaning and rinsing capabilities. In one embodiment, the surfactant of the alkaline detergent composition comprises at least two nonionic surfactants. In embodiments, the nonionic surfactant includes alcohol alkoxylates and alkyl alkoxylates. In another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alcohol alkoxylates, alkyl alkoxylates, EO / PO copolymers, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the alkaline detergent composition comprises from about 0.1% to 30% by weight surfactant, from about 0.1% to 25% surfactant, from about 0.1% to 20% surfactant, from about 1% to 15% Active agent, from about 1% to 10% by weight surfactant, and preferably from about 5% to 10% by weight surfactant. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited include numerals defining such ranges and include each integer within the specified range.

In some embodiments, the ratio of alcohol alkoxylate to alkyl alkoxylate is from about 1: 5 to about 5: 1, from about 1: 3 to about 3: 1, from about 1: 2 to about 2: 1, , About 1: 1. In an exemplary embodiment, the nonionic surfactant comprises an alkyl alkoxylate and an alcohol alkoxylate in an amount of from about 1: 1, from about 1: 5 to about 5: 1, from about 1: 3 to about 3: 1, : 2 to about 2: 1. In a preferred embodiment, the alkaline detergent composition comprises an alkyl alkoxylate and an alcohol alkoxylate in a ratio of about 1: 1.

Alcohol alkoxylate

The to-in-one alkaline composition according to the invention uses at least two non-ionic surfactants comprising alcohol alkoxylates. Suitable alcohol alkoxylates include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide groups and mixtures thereof. In particular, suitable alcohol alkoxylates may have from about 1 to about 30 moles of an alkyl oxide and from about 4 to about 20 carbon atoms in length. In a preferred embodiment, the alcohol ethoxylate can be a C ₈ -C ₁₈ alcohol alkoxylates with an alkyl oxide of from about 10 to about 40 mole. In a further preferred embodiment, alcohol alkoxylates may be a C ₈ -C ₁₆ alcohol alkoxylates with an alkyl oxide of from about 10 to about 30 mole. In an even more preferred embodiment, the alcohol alkoxylate may be a C ₁₀ -C ₁₂ alcohol alkoxylate having from about 15 to about 25 moles of an alkyl oxide. Examples of preferred alcohol alkoxylates are available under the trade name Surfonic (available from Huntsman), Rhodasurf (available from Rhodia), Novel (available from Sasol), and Lutensol (available from BASF).

In one embodiment of the invention, the alkaline detergent composition comprises from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight alcohol alkoxylate, from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight alcohol alkoxylate, from about 0.1% to about 7% About 1 wt% to about 49 wt% alcohol alkoxylate.

Alkyl alkoxylate

The to-in-one alkaline composition according to the present invention uses alkyl alkoxylates. Alkyl alkoxylates having ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide derivatives are particularly suitable for alkaline compositions. In another embodiment, the alkyl alkoxylate includes ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentalene oxide, hexylene oxide, heptalene oxide, octalene oxide, nonalen oxide, decylen oxide, and mixtures thereof do. Alkyl group may be C ₈ -C ₁₈ days of the linear or branched.

In one embodiment of the invention, the alkyl alkoxylate may be an EO / PO copolymer. The EO / PO copolymer may have from about 1 to about 50 mole of EO and from about 1 to about 50 mole of PO. In a preferred embodiment, the EO / PO copolymer is a block polymer. In another embodiment of the present invention, the EO / PO copolymer does not contain a C _8-18 alkyl group, or even no alkyl groups.

Such EO / PO copolymer surfactants may comprise a compact alcohol EO / PO surfactant wherein the EO and PO groups are in small block form, or in random form. In another embodiment, the alkyl alkoxylate includes ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentalene oxide, hexylene oxide, heptalene oxide, octalene oxide, nonalen oxide, decylen oxide, and mixtures thereof do. Alkyl group may be C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ days of the linear or branched. In one embodiment, the EO / PO copolymer surfactant is particularly suitable for use in combination with an alcohol alkoxylate surfactant in a two-in-one alkaline composition. Exemplary commercially available surfactants are available, for example, under the trade names Pluronic® and Pluronic® (available from BASF), Tetronic (available from Dow), and Surfonic (available from Huntsman).

Some examples of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide derivative surfactants that may be used include polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers, etc., or derivatives thereof. Examples of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers include those having the formula:

In the above formula, EO represents an ethylene oxide group, PO represents a propylene oxide group, and x and y reflect an average molecular ratio of each alkylene oxide monomer in the whole block copolymer composition. In one embodiment of the present invention, the preferred EO / PO copolymer is represented by the formula (EO) x (PO) y (EO) x. In another embodiment of the present invention, the preferred EO / PO copolymer is represented by the formula (PO) y (EO) x (PO) y. In some embodiments, x ranges from about 5 to about 50, y ranges from about 1 to about 50, and x plus ranges from about 6 to about 200. It will be understood that each x and y in the molecule may be different. In some embodiments, the material may have a molecular weight of greater than about 200 and less than about 25,000. For example, in some embodiments, the material may have a molecular weight ranging from about 500 to about 25,000, or from about 1,000 to about 20,000.

In some embodiments, the EO / PO surfactant can have from about 1 to about 50 ethylene oxide groups, and from about 1 to about 50 propylene oxide groups. In some embodiments, the material may have a molecular weight greater than about 400, and in some embodiments, greater than about 500. For example, in some embodiments, the material may be in the range of about 500 to about 7000 or more, or in the range of about 950 to about 4000 or more, or in the range of about 1000 to about 3100 or more, A molecular weight (g / mol) in the range of about 2500 to about 4200 or greater, or in the range of about 6700 or more.

Nonionic Surfactants, edited by Schick, M. J., Vol. 1 of the Surfactant Science Series, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1983, provides further explanations of the nonionic compounds commonly used in the practice of the present invention. A listing of conventional classes of nonionic classes, and the class of such surfactants, is provided in U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678 (Applicant: Laughlin and Heuring on Dec. 30, 1975). Other examples are provided in "Surface Active Agents and detergents" (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch). Each of these documents is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In one aspect of the invention, the alkaline detergent composition comprises from about 0.1 wt.% To about 15 wt.% Alkyl alkoxylate, from about 0.1 wt.% To about 10 wt.% Alkyl alkoxylate, or from about 0.1 wt.% To about 7 wt. % Alkyl alkoxylates.

Polymer

The present invention includes a polymer composed of at least one polycarboxylic acid polymer, a copolymer, and / or a terpolymer. Particularly suitable polycarboxylic acid polymers of the present invention include, but are not limited to, polyacrylic acid polymers and copolymers, polymaleic acid polymers and copolymers, acrylic rock / maleic copolymers. Other suitable polycarboxylic acid polymers include polymaleic acid homopolymers, polyacrylic acid copolymers, and maleic anhydride / olefin copolymers. In a preferred embodiment, the polymer comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of a polyacrylic acid polymer, a copolymer, a terpolymer and / or a salt thereof

The cleaning composition of the present invention may use a polyacrylic acid polymer, a copolymer, and / or a terpolymer. The polyacrylic acid has the following structure:

In the above formula, n is an arbitrary integer. Examples of suitable polyacrylic acid polymers, copolymers, and / or terpolymer is a polyacrylic _{acid, (C 3 H 4 O 2} ) n , or 2-pensan, acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, pro pensan polymers, copolymers, and / or But are not limited to, terpolymers.

In one embodiment of the invention, particularly suitable acrylic acid polymers, copolymers, and / or terpolymers have a weight average molecular weight of from about 100 to about 10,000, in a preferred embodiment from about 500 to about 7,000, and in a still more preferred embodiment from about 1,000 to about 5,000 , And in the most preferred embodiment, from about 1,500 to about 4,500.

Polymaleic acid (C ₄ H ₂ O ₃ ) x or hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride or cis-2-butenedioic acid homopolymer has the following structure:

In the above formula, n and m are arbitrary integers. Examples of salts of polymaleic acid homopolymers, copolymers, and / or terpolymers (and salts thereof) that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, from about 100 to about 10,000, more preferably from about 500 to about 7,000, It is particularly preferred to have a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 5,000, and in a most preferred embodiment, from about 1,500 to about 4,500. Commercially available polymaleic acid homopolymers include the Belclene 200 series of maleic homopolymers from BWA ^TM Water Additives (979 Lakeside Parkway, Suite 925 Tucker, GA 30084, USA) and Aquatreat AR-801 available from AkzoNobel .

In a preferred embodiment, the polymer is a copolymer of acrylic acid and maleic acid. Preferably, the acrylic / maleic acid copolymer and the acrylic / maleic copolymer have a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000 g / mol, preferably from about 1,000 to about 5,000 g / mol. Examples of suitable acrylic / maleic acid copolymers include, but are not limited to, Acusol 448 from The Dow Chemical Company (Wilmington Delaware, USA).

In embodiments where the polymer is used, the composition comprises from about 0.1% to about 50%, from about 0.1% to about 40%, from about 0.1% to about 30%, or from 1% to about 20% Of the polymer. All ranges quoted include the numbers contained herein. The polymer of the present invention may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of at least one polyacrylic acid polymer, copolymer, and / or terpolymer. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of ranges defining the ranges and include each integer within the range specified.

Additional functional components

The to-in-one alkaline composition according to the present invention may further be combined with various functional ingredients suitable for use in industrial dishwashing applications. In some embodiments, the alkaline detergent and rinse aid compositions comprising a carbonate-based alkaline source and a nonionic surfactant (and / or polymer) constitute a large amount or even constitute substantially all of the total weight of the detergent composition. For example, in some embodiments, a small amount of additional functional component is disposed or not disposed at all.

In other embodiments, additional functional components may be included in the composition. The functional components provide the properties and functionality desired in the composition. For the purpose of such application, the term "functional component" includes materials which provide properties beneficial in certain uses when used and / or concentrated in a solution, for example, an aqueous solution. Some specific examples of functional materials are discussed in further detail below, and the particular materials discussed are provided only as examples, and a wide variety of other functional components may be used. For example, the various functional materials discussed below relate to materials used in cleaning, detailing, and dishwashing applications. However, other embodiments may include functional components for use in other applications.

In a preferred embodiment, the composition does not comprise an additional alkaline source, i.e., an alkali metal hydroxide. In another preferred embodiment, the composition does not include a rinse aid.

In other embodiments, the composition may further comprise a builder, a water conditioning agent, a stabilizer, a defoamer, a re-deposition inhibitor, a bleach, a disinfectant, a solubility modifier, a dispersant, a corrosion inhibitor and a metal protector, a stabilizer, And / or chelating agents, fragrances and / or dyes, rheology modifiers or thickeners, hydrotropes or couplers, buffers, solvents, solidifying agents, and the like.

Builder

The alkaline detergent composition may include one or more building agents, also referred to as chelating or sequestering agents (e.g., builders), to treat or soften water and prevent the formation of precipitates or other salts. These may include, but are not limited to, condensed phosphates, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal silicates and metasilicates, phosphonates, aminocarboxylic acids, and / or polycarboxylic acid polymers. Generally, chelating agents are molecules that can coordinate (i.e., bind) metal ions that are commonly found in natural water to prevent metal ions from interfering with the action of other detergent components of the cleaning composition. A preferred level of addition for builders that may be chelating or sequestering agents is about 0.1 wt% to about 70 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 60 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 50 wt%, or about 20% to about 50% by weight. When the solid detergent is provided as a concentrate, the concentrate may comprise from about 1 wt% to about 60 wt%, from about 3 wt% to about 50 wt%, and from about 6 wt% to about 45 wt% builder have. An additional range of builders includes from about 3 wt% to about 20 wt%, from about 6 wt% to about 15 wt%, and from about 25 wt% to about 50 wt%. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of ranges defining the ranges and include each integer within the range specified.

Examples of condensed phosphates include, but are not limited to, sodium and potassium orthophosphate, sodium and potassium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate. Condensed phosphates can also help to a limited extent in solidifying the detergent composition by immobilizing the free water present in the composition as hydrating water. A preferred builder is anhydrous sodium tripolyphosphate.

Examples of phosphonates are 2-phosphono-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC), 1- hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonic _{acid, CH 2 C (OH) [} PO (OH) 2 ] ₂ ; Aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid), N [CH ₂ PO (OH) ₂ ] ₃ ; Aminotri (methylenephosphonate), sodium salt (ATMP), N [CH ₂ PO (ONa) ₂ ] ₃ ; 2-hydroxyethyl iminobis (methylene phosphonic acid), HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N [CH ₂ PO (OH) ₂ ] ₂ ; Diethylene triamine penta (methylenephosphonic _{acid), (HO) 2 POCH 2} N [CH 2 CH 2 N [CH 2 PO (OH) 2] 2] 2; Diethylenetriamine penta (methylenephosphonate), sodium salt (DTPMP), C ₉ H _(28-x) N ₃ Na _x O ₁₅ P ₅ (x = 7); Hexamethylene diamine (tetramethylene phosphonates), a potassium _{salt, C 10 H (28-x} ) N 2 K x O 12 P 4 (x = 6); Bis (hexamethylene) triamine (pentamethylenephosphonic acid), (HO ₂ ) POCH ₂ N [(CH ₂ ) ₂ N [CH ₂ PO (OH) ₂ ] ₂ ] ₂ ; And phosphoric acid, H ₃ PO ₃ include, but are not limited thereto. Preferred phosphonate combinations are ATMP and HEDP. A combination of an alkali source and a phosphonate is preferred before being added to the mixture so that there is little or no heat or gas generated by the neutralization reaction when the neutralized or alkaline phosphonate or phosphonate is added. However, in one embodiment, the detergent composition is a phosphorus member.

Useful amino carboxylic acid materials with little or no NTA are N-hydroxyethylaminodiacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), hydroxyethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, N-hydroxyethyl - diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), aspartic acid-N, N-diacetic acid (ASDA), methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA), glutamic acid-N, N-diacetic acid (GLDA ), Ethylenediaminosuccinic acid (EDDS), 2-hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid (HEIDA), iminodisuccinic acid (IDS), 3-hydroxy-2-2'-iminodisuccinic acid (HIDS) Other similar acids having a group or salts thereof. However, in one embodiment, no aminocarboxylate is present in the composition.

The water conditioning polymer may also be used as a phosphorus-free builder. Exemplary water-conditioning polymers include, but are not limited to, polycarboxylates. Exemplary polycarboxylates that can be used as builders and / or water conditioning polymers include those having pendant carboxylate (-CO ₂ -) groups, for example, polyacrylic acid, maleic acid. But are not limited to, maleic / olefin copolymers, sulfonated or terpolymers, acrylic / maleic copolymers, polymethacrylic acid, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, hydrolyzed polymethacrylamides , Hydrolyzed polyamide-methacrylamide copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, hydrolyzed polymethacrylonitrile, and hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile copolymers, but are limited thereto It does not. Other suitable water-conditioning polymers include starches, sugars or polyols containing carboxylic acid or ester functional groups. Exemplary carboxylic acids include, but are not limited to, maleic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and itaconic acid or salts thereof. Exemplary ester functional groups include acrylic, cyclic, aromatic, and C ₁ -C ₁₀ linear, branched, or substituted esters. For a further discussion of chelating / sequestering agents, reference is made to Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, volume 5, pages 339-366 and volume 23, pages 319-320, Incorporated herein by reference. Such materials may also be used below the stoichiometric level to act as a crystal modifier.

Water conditioning agent

The alkaline detergent composition may comprise one or more water conditioning agents. In one embodiment, a phosphonic acid may be used. The phosphonic acid is a water-soluble acid salt, especially an alkali metal salt, such as sodium or potassium; Ammonium salts; Or an alkylol amine salt wherein the alkylol has from 2 to 3 carbon atoms, for example in the form of a mono-, di-, or triethanolamine salt. Preferred phosphonates include organic phosphonates. Preferred organophosphonates include phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid (PBTC), available from Bayer Corp. (Pittsburgh Pa.) Under the trade name BAYHIBIT ^TM , and hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP), for example, from Monsanto Chemical Co Available trade name DEQUEST ^Lt ; RTI ID = 0.0 > ^TM 2010. ≪ / RTI > A further description of suitable water-conditioning agents for use in the present invention is described in U.S. Patent No. 6,436,893, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.1% to 50% by weight of a water conditioning agent, from about 1% to 40% by weight of a water conditioning agent, from about 1% to 30% by weight of a water conditioning agent, 20 wt% water conditioning agent. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of ranges defining the ranges and include each integer within the range specified.

corrector

The alkaline detergent composition may also include a neutralizing agent. For example, in certain embodiments, the alkaline neutralizing agent may be used to neutralize an acidic component, for example, a water conditioning agent. Suitable alkaline neutralizing agents may include, for example, alkali metal hydroxides, including, but not limited to, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, and combinations thereof. The alkali metal hydroxide neutralizing agent may be added to the composition in any form known in the art, including as a solid bead, a form dissolved in an aqueous solution, or a combination thereof. Additionally, more than one neutralizing agent may be used in accordance with certain embodiments. In one aspect of the present invention, the composition of the present invention does not contain a hydroxide as an alkaline source, only to neutralize the acidic component in the composition, including, for example, a water-conditioning agent such as HEDP.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.1% to 50% neutralizer, from about 0.1% to 30% neutralizer, from about 1% to 25% neutralizer, preferably from about 10% to 25% neutralizer do. In one embodiment of the invention, the neutralizing agent comprises alkali metal hydroxide in an amount of up to about 10 wt%, preferably from about 0.01 wt% to about 10 wt%. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of ranges defining the ranges and include each integer within the range specified.

Anti-Etch Agent

The alkaline detergent composition may also include an etchant that can prevent etching in the glass. Examples of suitable anti-etching agents include adding metal ions such as zinc, zinc chloride, zinc gluconate, aluminum, and beryllium to the composition. The corrosion inhibitor refers to a combination of a source of aluminum ions and a source of zinc ions. The source of aluminum ions and the source of zinc ions provide aluminum and zinc ions, respectively, when the solid detergent composition is provided in the form of a solution for use. The amount of corrosion inhibitor is calculated based on the combined amount of source of aluminum ions and source of zinc ions. Anything that provides aluminum ions in the working solution may be tired as the source of aluminum ions and anything that provides the zinc ions when provided in the working solution may be referred to as the source of zinc ions. It is not necessary for the source of aluminum ions and / or the source of zinc ions to react to form aluminum ions and / or zinc ions. Aluminum ions can be considered as a source of aluminum ions, and zinc ions can be regarded as sources of zinc ions. The source of aluminum ions and the source of zinc ions may be provided as organic salts, inorganic salts, and mixtures thereof. Exemplary sources of aluminum ions include aluminum salts such as sodium aluminate, aluminum bromide, aluminum chlorate, aluminum chloride, aluminum iodide, aluminum nitrate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum acetate, aluminum formate, But are not limited to, aluminum lactate, aluminum oleate, aluminum bromate, aluminum borate, aluminum potassium sulfate, aluminum zinc sulfate, and aluminum phosphate. Exemplary sources of zinc ions include zinc salts such as zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate, zinc iodide, zinc thiocyanate, zinc fluorosilicate, zinc dichromate, zinc chlate, But are not limited to, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, zinc stearate, But is not limited thereto.

The composition preferably comprises from about 0.001 wt% to about 10 wt%, more preferably from about 0.01 wt% to about 7 wt%, and most preferably from about 0.01 wt% to about 1 wt% of an etch stopper. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of ranges defining the ranges and include each integer within the range specified.

Corrosion inhibitor

The alkaline detergent composition may optionally comprise a corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibitor provides a composition with a composition having a corrosion inhibitor that forms a surface that is lighter than the untreated surface and less biofilm accumulation.

Preferred corrosion inhibitors that may be used in accordance with the present invention include, but are not limited to, phosphonates, phosphonic acids, triazoles, organic amines, sorbitan esters, carboxylic acid derivatives, sarcosinate, phosphate esters, zinc, nitrate, chromium, molybdate- , And borate-containing components. Exemplary phosphates or phosphonic acids are available from Solutia, Inc. (St. Louis, Mo.) under the trade names Dequest (i.e., Dequest 2000, Dequest 2006, Dequest 2010, Dequest 2016, Dequest 2054, Dequest 2060, and Dequest 2066) . Exemplary triazoles are available from PMC Specialties Group, Inc. (Cincinnati, Ohio) under the trade names Cobratec (i.e., Cobratec 100, Cobratec TT-50-S, and Cobratec 99). Exemplary organic amines include aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, monoamines, diamines, triamines, polyamines, and salts thereof. Exemplary amines include the trade names Amp (i.e., Amp-95) from Angus Chemical Company of Buffalo Grove, Ill .; WGS (i.e., WGS-50) from Jacam Chemicals, LLC (Sterling, Kans.); Duomeen (i.e., Duomeen O and Duomeen C) from Akzo Nobel Chemicals, Inc. (Chicago, Ill.); DeThox amines from DeForest Enterprises, Inc. (Boca Raton, Fla.) (C Series and T Series); Deriphat series from Henkel Corp. (Ambler, Pa.); And Maxhib (AC Series) from Chemax, Inc. (Greenville, SC). Exemplary sorbitan esters are available under the trade name Calgene (LA-series) from Calgene Chemical Inc. (Skokie, Ill.). Exemplary carboxylic acid derivatives are available under the trade name Recor (i.e. Recor 12) from Ciba-Geigy Corp. (Tarrytown, N. Y.). Exemplary sarcosinates include the trade names Hamposyl from Hampshire Chemical Corp. (Lexington, Mass.); And Sarkosyl from Ciba-Geigy Corp. (Tarrytown, N. Y.).

The composition optionally includes a corrosion inhibitor to provide improved luster and / or provide a more lustrous surface to the metallic portion of the dishwasher. When a corrosion inhibitor is introduced into the composition, it is preferably included in an amount of from about 0.01 wt% to about 7.5 wt%, from about 0.01 wt% to about 5 wt%, and from about 0.01 wt% to about 3 wt%.

Anti-redeposition agent

The alkaline detergent composition can promote the continuous suspension of contaminants in the cleaning solution and prevent the re-deposition of the contaminants removed on the substrate to be cleaned. Examples of suitable anti-redeposition agents include fatty acid amides, complex phosphate esters, styrene maleic anhydride copolymers, and cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, and the like. The composition preferably comprises from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight and more preferably from about 1% to about 5% by weight of a re-deposition inhibitor.

enzyme

The alkaline detergent composition may comprise one or more enzymes which may be used to remove protein-based, carbohydrate-based, or triglyceride-based contaminants from substrates, e.g., plates, cups and bowls, ≪ / RTI > Enzymes suitable for the compositions of the present invention are those which degrade or modify one or more types of fouling residues that are in contact with the surface, thereby removing fouling and making the contaminants more removable by other components of the surfactant or cleaning composition Lt; / RTI > Both decomposition or alteration of the fouling residue can improve the cleaning power by reducing the physicochemical forces that bind the fouling to the surface or textile to be cleaned, i. E., Making the fouling more water soluble. For example, one or more proteases can divide complex macromolecular protein structures that remain in the fouling residues into simpler short chain molecules, and such simpler short chain molecules themselves are more readily accessible from the surface by detergent compositions containing the protease Or solubilized, or otherwise more easily removed.

Suitable enzymes include proteases of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal or yeast origin, amylase, lipase, gluconase, cellulase, peroxidase, or mixtures thereof. The preferred choice is influenced by such factors as pH-sensitivity and / or optimal stability, thermal stability, and stability for activating detergents, builders and the like. In this connection, bacterial or fungal enzymes are preferred, for example, bacterial amylase and protease, and fungal cellulase are preferred. In some embodiments, the enzyme is preferably a protease, a lipase, an amylase, or a combination thereof. (Eds. Grayson, M. and EcKroth, D.) Vol. 5, pp. 177-178, which is incorporated herein by reference in its precious article on enzymes included in references cited therein. [Industrial Enzymes, Scott, D., Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 9, pp. 173-224, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980).

In an embodiment employing an enzyme, the composition preferably comprises from about 0.001% to about 10%, from about 0.01% to about 10%, from about 0.05% to about 5%, and more preferably from about 0.1% To about 1% by weight of enzyme (s).

Antimicrobial agent

The alkaline detergent composition may optionally comprise an antimicrobial agent or preservative. Antimicrobial agents are chemical compositions that can be used in compositions to prevent microbial contamination and deterioration of commercial product material systems, surfaces, and the like. The antimicrobial agent may also be a sanitizing agent. In general, these materials belong to a particular class including phenols, halogen compounds, quaternary ammonium compounds, metal derivatives, amines, alkanolamines, nitro derivatives, analytes, organic sulfur and sulfur-nitrogen compounds and various compounds. Depending on the chemical composition and concentration, the provided antimicrobial agent may simply restrict the further growth of the number of microorganisms or may destroy all or substantially all of the microorganism population. The term "microorganism" typically refers primarily to bacteria and fungal microorganisms. In use, the antimicrobial agent forms an aqueous bactericidal or bactericidal composition that can be contacted with various surfaces, which when diluted or dispensed with an aqueous stream, causes the growth of the microbial population to be inhibited or a substantial proportion thereof to be killed Is formed as the final product. Typical antimicrobial agents that may be used include phenolic antimicrobial agents, for example, pentachlorophenol, orthophenylphenol; Halogen-containing antibacterial agents that can be used include sodium trichloroisocyanurate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate (anhydrous or dihydrate), iodo-poly (vinylpyrrolidine-onene) complexes, bromine compounds such as 2- Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol; Quaternary antimicrobial agents such as benzalkonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride; Amine and nitro-containing antimicrobial compositions such as, for example, hexahydro-1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) -s-triazine, dithiocarbamates, such as sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate , And various other materials known in the art for their microbial properties. Antimicrobial agents can be encapsulated to improve stability and / or reduce reactivity with other materials in the detergent composition.

When an antimicrobial agent or preservative is incorporated into the composition, it is preferably included in an amount of from about 0.01 wt% to about 5 wt%, from about 0.01 wt% to about 2 wt%, and from about 0.1 wt% to about 1.0 wt% .

Foam Inhibitor

Foam inhibitors may be included in addition to the nonionic surfactant of the alkaline cleansing composition to reduce the stability of the formed foam. Examples of the foam inhibitor are polydimethylsiloxane, fatty amide, hydrocarbon wax, fatty acid, fatty ester, fatty alcohol, fatty acid soap, ethoxylate, mineral oil, polyethylene glycol ester, polyoxyethylene- Esters, for example, monostearyl phosphate, and the like. A discussion of foam inhibitors can be found, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 048,548 (Martin et al.), U.S. Patent No. 3,334,147 (Brunelle et al.), And U.S. Patent No. 3,442,242 (Rue et al. . The composition preferably comprises from about 0.0001 wt% to about 5 wt% and more preferably from about 0.01 wt% to about 3 wt% of a foam inhibitor.

Additional surfactants

The compositions of the present invention may comprise additional surfactants. Particularly suitable surfactants include nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and zwitterionic surfactants. In a preferred embodiment, the composition is substantially free of a cationic surfactant and / or an anionic surfactant. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.01% to 40% by weight of additional surfactant, preferably from about 0.1% to 30% by weight of additional surfactant, more preferably from about 1% to 25% can do. Further, although not intending to be limited by the present invention, all ranges recited are inclusive of ranges defining the ranges and include each integer within the range specified.

Nonionic surfactant

Suitable nonionic surfactants suitable for use with the compositions of the present invention include alkoxylated surfactants. Suitable alkoxylated surfactants include EO / PO copolymers, capped EO / PO copolymers, alcohol alkoxylates, capped alcohol alkoxylates, mixtures thereof, and the like. Suitable alkoxylated surfactants for use as a solvent include EO / PO block copolymers such as Pluronic and reverse Pluronic surfactants; Alcohol alkoxylates such as Dehypon LS-54 (R- (EO) ₅ (PO) ₄ ) and Dehypon LS-36 (R- (EO) ₃ (PO) ₆ ); And capped alcohol alkoxylates such as Plurafac LF221 and Tegoten EC11; Mixtures thereof, and the like.

Nonionic surfactants of the semi-polar type are another class of nonionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention. Semi-polar nonionic surfactants include amine oxides, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides, and alkoxylated derivatives thereof.

Amine oxides are tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the general formula:

In the above formula, the arrows are general representations of anti-polar bonding, and R ¹ , R ² , and R ³ may be aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, alicyclic, or combinations thereof. Generally, in the case of the amine oxides of the detergent contemplated, R ¹ is an alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms; R ² and R ³ are alkyl or hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof; R ² and R ³ may be bonded to each other through, for example, an oxygen or nitrogen atom to form a ring structure; R ⁴ is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group containing 2 to 3 carbon atoms; and n ranges from 0 to about 20. The amine oxides can be formed from the corresponding amines and oxidants, for example, hydrogen peroxide.

Useful water-soluble amine oxide surfactants are selected from octyl, decyl, dodecyl, isododecyl, coconut or resin alkyl di- (lower alkyl) amine oxides, specific examples of which include octyldimethylamine oxide, nonyldimethylamine oxide, decyldimethyl There may be mentioned amine compounds such as amine oxides, undecyldimethylamine oxides, dodecyldimethylamine oxides, isododecyldimethylamine oxides, tridecyldimethylamine oxides, tetradecyldimethylamine oxides, pentadecyldimethylamine oxides, hexadecyldimethylamine oxides, heptadecyldimethyl There may be mentioned amine compounds such as amine oxides, octadecyldimethylamine oxides, dodecyldipropylamine oxides, tetradecyldipropylamine oxides, hexadecyldipropylamine oxides, tetradecyldibutylamine oxides, octadecyldibutylamine oxides, bis (2-hydroxyethyl ) Dodecylamine oxide, bis (2 -Hydroxyethyl) -3-dodecoxy-1-hydroxypropylamine oxide, dimethyl- (2-hydroxydodecyl) amine oxide, 3,6,9-trioctadecyldimethylamine oxide and 3- Hydroxypropyl di- (2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide.

Amphoteric surfactant

Amphoteric, or amphoteric surfactants contain both basic and acidic hydrophilic groups and organic hydrophobic groups. These ionic materials can be any anionic or cationic group described herein for other types of surfactants. The basic nitrogen and acidic carboxylate groups are conventional functional groups used as basic and acidic hydrophilic groups. In some surfactants, sulfonates, sulfates, phosphonates or phosphates provide negative charge.

Amphoteric surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines wherein the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched and one of the aliphatic substituents contains about 8 to 18 carbon atoms , One containing an anionic water-soluble group, for example, carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phosphato, or phosphono. Amphoteric surfactants are known to those skilled in the art and are described in "Surfactant Encyclopedia" Cosmetics & Toiletries, Vol. 104 (2) 69-71 (1989), the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The first class includes acyl / dialkylethylenediamine derivatives (e. G., 2-alkylhydroxyethyl imidazoline derivatives) and salts thereof. The second class includes N-alkyl amino acids and salts thereof. Some amphoteric surfactants can be envisioned as being suitable for both classes.

Amphoteric surfactants can be synthesized by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, 2-alkylhydroxyethylimidazolines are synthesized by condensation and ring closure of long chain carboxylic acids (or derivatives) with dialkylethylenediamines. Commercial amphoteric surfactants are derivatized by subsequent hydrolysis and ring opening of the imidazoline ring, for example by alkylation with chloroacetic acid or ethyl acetate. During alkylation, one or two carboxy-alkyl groups react to form tertiary amine and ether linkages with different alkylating agents to obtain different tertiary amines.

Long-chain imidazole derivatives having applications in the present invention generally have the general formula:

Wherein R is an alicyclic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and M is a cation, usually sodium, for neutralizing the charge of the anion. Commercially available imidazoline-derived amphibians that can be used in the compositions of the present invention include, for example, cocoamphopropionate, cocoamphocarboxy propionate, coco amphoglycinate, cocoamphocarboxy-glycinate , Cocoamphopropyl-sulfonate, and cocoamphocarboxy-propionic acid. The amphocarboxylic acid may be formed from a fatty acid imidazoline, wherein the dicarboxylic acid functionality of the amphodicarboxylic acid is diacetic acid and / or dibropionic acid.

The carboxymethylated compounds (glycinates) described hereinabove are often referred to as betaine. Betaine is a specific class of amphiphiles discussed in the section entitled " Zwitterionic Surfactants "

Long chain N-alkyl amino acids are readily prepared by reaction of RNH ₂ , wherein R = C ₈ -C ₁₈ straight chain or branched chain alkyl, fatty amine, with a halogenated carboxylic acid. Alkylation of the primary amino group of the amino acid forms secondary and tertiary amines. Alkyl substituents may have additional amino groups that provide more than one reactive nitrogen center. The most commercially available N-alkylamine acids are beta-alanine or alkyl derivatives of beta-N (2-carboxyethyl) alanine. Examples of commercially available N-alkyl amino acid amphoteric materials having application in the present invention include alkyl beta- amino diphosphonates, RN (C ₂ H ₄ COOM) ₂ and RNHC ₂ H ₄ COOM. In one embodiment, R may be an alicyclic hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and M is a cation for neutralizing the charge of the anion.

Suitable amphoteric surfactants include those derived from coconut products, such as coconut oil or coconut fatty acid. Additional suitable coconut-derived surfactants include, as part of its structure, ethylenediamine moieties, alkanolamide moieties, amino acid moieties such as glycine, or combinations thereof; And aliphatic substituents of about 8 to 18 (e.g., 12) carbon atoms. Such surfactants may also be considered alkylamphodicarboxylic acids. This amphoteric surfactant may be a C ₁₂ -alkyl-C (O) -NH-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -N ⁺ (CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CO ₂ Na) ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH or a C _12- Alkyl-C (O) -N (H) -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -N ⁺ (CH ₂ -CO ₂ Na) ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH. Disodium cocoamphodipropionate is one suitable amphoteric surfactant and is commercially available from Rhodia Inc. (Cranbury, NJ) under the tradename Miranol ™ FBS. Other suitable coconut-derived amphoteric surfactants having the chemical name disodium cocoamphodiacetate are also sold under the tradename Mirataine (TM) JCHA from Rhodia Inc. (Cranbury, NJ).

A common listing of amphoteric substances and the class of such surfactants is provided in U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678 (Applicant: Laughlin and Heuring on Dec. 30, 1975). Other examples are provided in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch).

Zwitterionic surfactant

Zwitterionic surfactants can be used as a subset of amphoteric surfactants and can contain anionic charges. Zwitterionic surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds . Typically, the zwitterionic surfactant is a positively charged quaternary ammonium, or, in some cases, a sulfonium or phosphonium ion; A negatively charged carboxyl group; And alkyl groups. Zwitterionic materials generally contain cationic and anionic groups that can ionize to almost the same extent in the equipotential region of the molecule and exhibit strong "internal-salt" attraction between positive-negative charge centers. Examples of such zwitterionic synthetic surfactants include derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds wherein the aliphatic radicals can be linear or branched and one of the aliphatic substituents is 8 to 18 Carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water-soluble group, for example, carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.

Betaine and sultaine surfactants are exemplary zwitterionic surfactants for use herein. The general formula for such compounds is as follows:

Wherein R ¹ contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxyalkyl radical of 8 to 18 carbon atoms with 0 to 10 ethylene oxide moieties and 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms; R ² is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; x is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom, 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, R ³ is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene or hydroxyalkylene of one to four carbon atoms, Z is a carboxylate , A sulfonate, a sulfate, a phosphonate, and a phosphate group.

Examples of zwitterionic surfactants having the structures listed above include 4- [N, N-di (2-hydroxyethyl) -N-octadecylammonio] -butane-1-carboxylate; 5- [S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonyl] -3-hydroxypentane-1-sulfate; 3- [P, P-Diethyl-P-3,6,9-trioxatetracosylphosphonio] -2-hydroxypropane-1-phosphate; 3- [N, N-dipropyl-N-3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyl-ammonio] -propane-1-phosphonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) -propane-1-sulfonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio) -2-hydroxy-propane-1-sulfonate; 3- [S-ethyl-S- (3- (2-hydroxyethyl) -N (2-hydroxypropyl) 2-hydroxypropyl) sulfonio] -propane-1-phosphate, 3- [P, P-dimethyl-P-dodecylphosphonio] N-di (3-hydroxypropyl) -N-hexadecylammonio] -2-hydroxy-pentane-1-sulfate The alkyl groups contained in the detergent surfactants are linear or branched and saturated ≪ / RTI >

Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use in the composition of the present invention include betaine of the following general structure:

Such surfactant betaine does not normally exhibit strong cationic or anionic characteristics at extreme pH and does not exhibit reduced water solubility in its equipotential range. Unlike "external" quaternary ammonium salts, betaine is compatible with anionic materials. Examples of suitable betaines include coconut acylamidopropyl dimethyl betaine; Hexadecyl dimethyl betaine; C _12-14 acylamidopropyl betaine; _C8-14 acylamidohexyldiethylbetaine; 4-C _14-16 acylmethylamidodiethylammonio-1-carboxybutane; C _16-18 acylamido dimethyl betaine; C _12-16 acylamidopentane diethyl betaine; And C _12-16 acylmethylamido dimethyl betaine.

Useful other alcohol in the present invention of the formula _{^{(R (R 1) 2 N}} + R 2 SO 3 - , and wherein R, comprises a compound having the R is C ₆ -C ₁₈ hydrocarbyl group, each R ¹ is typically C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, such as methyl, and R ² is a C ₁ -C ₆ hydrocarbyl group, such as a C ₁ -C ₃ alkylene or a hydroxyalkylene group.

Common listings of zwitterionic classes and classes of such surfactants are provided in U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678 (Applicant: Laughlin and Heuring on Dec. 30, 1975). Other examples are provided in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch). Each of these documents is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises betaine. For example, the composition may comprise cocoamidopropyl betaine.

Concrete example

Exemplary ranges of the to-in-one alkaline detergent compositions according to the present invention are set forth in Table Ia and Table Ib in weight percent of the solid detergent composition.

Table 1a

Table 1b

The detergent composition may comprise a concentrated composition or it may be diluted to form a use composition. Generally, the concentrate refers to a composition intended to be diluted with water to provide the use solution in contact with the object to provide the desired cleaning, rinsing, and the like. The detergent composition in contact with the article to be cleaned may be referred to as a concentrate or composition (or solution of use) according to the formulation used in the process according to the invention. It will be appreciated that the concentration of the aminocarboxylate, water-conditioning agent, alkaline agent, water and other optional functional ingredients in the detergent composition will vary depending on whether the detergent composition is provided as a concentrate or as a solution for use.

The working solution can be prepared from the concentrate by diluting the concentrate with water to a dilution ratio that provides the use solution having the desired cleaning properties. The water used to dilute the concentrate to use the composition used may be referred to as diluent or diluent and may vary from one location to another. Typical dilution factors are from about 1 to about 10,000, but will depend on factors including water hardness, amount of contaminant to be removed, and the like. In one embodiment, the concentrate is diluted with a ratio of about 1: 10 to about 1: 10,000 concentrate to water. In particular, the concentrate is diluted with a ratio of about 1: 100 to about 1: 5,000 concentrate to water. More particularly, the concentrate is diluted with a ratio of from about 1: 250 to about 1: 2,000 concentrate to water.

How to use - Cleaning items in a dishwasher

In one embodiment, the methods of the invention include using the steps of providing an alkaline two-in-one detergent composition as described herein. In particular, the method of use preferably uses a solid alkaline, two-in-one detergent composition, wherein the solid composition is inserted into a dishwasher, particularly a dispenser in or associated with an industrial dishwasher. In one embodiment of the invention, the solid composition may be provided as a multi-use dose having from about 10 to about 10,000 doses per solid composition. In another embodiment of the present invention, the solid composition may be formulated with a single-use composition, wherein it is used once in the wash. The method also includes forming a cleaning solution having an alkaline two-in-one detergent composition and water, contacting the contaminants on the article with the cleaning solution in a dishwasher, removing contaminants, and using the article in a separate rinse aid composition And rinsing with drinking water without the need for water. Rinsing uses only drinking water.

In another embodiment, the method of the present invention may comprise separately providing the individual components of the two-in-one detergent composition and mixing the individual components with water to form the desired cleaning solution.

When performing the method of the present invention, the above-described two-in-one detergent composition is inserted into the dispenser of the dishwasher. The dispenser may be selected from a variety of different dispensers depending on the physical form of the composition. For example, the liquid composition may be formulated into a liquid, for example, a water soluble packet, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol solution, using a pump, a peristaltic pump or a bellows pump, e.g., a syringe / plunge injection, a gravity feeder, a chiffon feeder, Alcohol, or foil pouches, exhaust from a compression chamber, or diffusion through a membrane or permeable surface. When the composition is a gel or a thick liquid, it may be in the form of, for example, a water-soluble packet, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol solution, using a pump, e.g., peristaltic pump or bellows pump, syringe / plunger injection, Alcohol or foil pouches, exhaust from a compression chamber, or diffusion through a membrane or permeable surface. Preferably, when the composition is a solid or a powder, the composition may comprise a unit volume comprising a supreme, flood, agar, shaker, tablet-type dispenser, water-soluble packet, such as a polyvinyl alcohol or foil pouch, May be dispensed using diffusion through the membrane or permeable surface. The dispenser may also be a dual dispenser in which one component is dispensed on one side and the other component is dispensed on the other side. Such an exemplary dispenser may be located in or associated with various dishwashers included in a counter dishwasher, a dishwasher, a door machine, a conveyor machine, or a flight machine. The dispenser can be located remotely, inside the dishwasher, or on the outside of the washer. A single dispenser may be supplied to one or more dishwashers.

Immediately after the two-in-one detergent composition is inserted into the dispenser, the washing cycle of the dishwasher is initiated and a washing solution is formed. The cleaning solution comprises an alkaline two-in-one detergent composition and water from a dishwasher. Water can be any type of water, including hard water, soft water, cleansing water, or contaminated water. The most preferred cleaning solution is to maintain a preferred pH range of from about 7 to about 11.5, more preferably from about 9.5 to about 11.5, as measured by a pH probe, based on the solution of the composition in a 16 gallon dishwasher. The same probe can be used to measure millivolts when the probe is merely allowing both functions by switching the probe from pH to millivolt. The dispenser or dishwasher may optionally include a pH probe to measure the pH of the wash solution throughout the wash cycle. The actual concentration or water to detergent ratio depends on the particular surfactant used. Exemplary concentration ranges may include up to 3000 ppm, preferably from 1 to 3000 ppm, more preferably from 100 to 3000 ppm and most preferably from 300 to 2000 ppm. In addition, the actual concentration used depends on the surfactant chosen.

The working solution may have an elevated temperature when used according to the method of the present invention (i.e., it may be heated to an elevated temperature). In one example, the use solution having a temperature of from about 120 ℉ to about 185,, from about 140 내지 to about 185 접촉 is contacted with the substrate to be cleaned. In another example, the use solution having a temperature of about 150 [deg.] F to about 160 [deg.] F is contacted with the substrate to be cleaned.

After the cleaning solution is formed, the cleaning solution comes into contact with the contaminants on the article in the dishwasher. Examples of contaminants include contaminants commonly encountered with foods, such as protein-containing contaminants, hydrophobic fatty contaminants, carbohydrates and starches associated with simple sugars and sugar contaminants, contaminants from milk and dairy products, fruits and vegetable contaminants, Contaminants may also include minerals from light water, such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium. Articles that may be contacted include articles made of glass, plastic, aluminum, steel, copper, bronze, silver, rubber, wood, ceramics, The articles are typically stored in a dishwasher such as those found in dishwashers such as glassware, bowls, saucers, cups, pots and pans, baking utensils such as cookie sheets, cake pans, muffin pans, For example, a fork, a spoon, a knife, a cooking utensil such as a wooden spoon, a spatula, a rubber scrape, a universal knife, a forceps, a grilling instrument, a servicing utensil, and the like. The cleaning solution can be contacted with contaminants in a number of ways including spraying, dipping, sump-pump solution, misting and fogging.

As soon as the cleaning solution is contacted with the contaminant, the contaminant is removed from the article. Removal of contaminants from the article is accomplished by the chemical reaction between the cleaning solution and the contaminant as well as by the mechanical action of the cleaning solution on the article depending on how the cleaning solution contacts the article.

After the contaminants have been removed, the article is rinsed as part of a dishwasher cleaning cycle using drinking water, either separately or without the use of an additional rinse aid composition.

The method may include more or fewer steps than those designed herein. For example, the method may include additional steps generally associated with a dishwasher cleaning cycle. For example, the method may also optionally include the use of an acidic detergent. For example, the method may optionally include replacing an acidic detergent with an alkaline detergent as described.

Methods of making compositions

The compositions of the present invention may be used in the form of a liquid product, a thickened liquid product, a gelled liquid product, a paste, a granular and pelletized solid composition, a powder, a solid block composition, a cast solid block composition, .

Solid particulate materials can be prepared by simply blending dry solid components in an appropriate ratio or by agglomerating the materials in a suitable flocculation system. The pelletized material may be prepared by compressing the solid granular or agglomerated material in an appropriate pelletizing machine to produce a pelletized material of appropriate size. The solid block and the cast solid block material can be prepared by introducing into the container a pre-cured block of material or a castable liquid that cures into a solid block in the container. Preferred containers include a deployable plastic container or a water-soluble film container. Other suitable packaging for the composition includes flexible bags, packets, shrink wrap, and water-soluble membranes, such as polyvinyl alcohol.

The solid detergent composition may be formed using a batch or continuous mixing system. In an exemplary embodiment, a single- or twin-screw extruder is used to combine and mix one or more components at high temperature to form a homogeneous mixture. In some embodiments, the processing temperature is at or below the melting temperature of the components. The processed mixture may be dispensed from the mixer by shaping, casting, or other suitable means, wherein the detergent composition cures into a solid form. The structure of the matrix may be characterized according to its hardness, melting point, material distribution, crystal structure, and other similar properties according to methods known in the art. In general, the solid detergent compositions treated according to the method of the present invention are substantially homogeneous and dimensionally stable with respect to the distribution of constituents throughout their materials.

In the extrusion process, the liquid and solid components are introduced into the final mixing system and are continuously mixed until the components form a substantially homogeneous semi-solid mixture distributed throughout the material. The mixture is thereafter discharged into or through the die or other shaping means in the mixing system. The product is then packaged. In an exemplary embodiment, the formed composition begins to cure in solid form in from about 1 minute to about 3 hours. In particular, the formed composition begins to cure in solid form in from about 1 minute to about 2 hours. More particularly, the formed composition begins to cure in solid form in from about 1 minute to about 20 minutes.

In the casting process, liquid and solid components are introduced into the final mixing system and are continuously mixed until the components form a substantially homogeneous liquid mixture distributed throughout its mass. In an exemplary embodiment, the components are mixed in the mixing system for at least about 60 seconds. After the mixing is complete, the product is transferred to a packaging container, where solidification takes place. In an exemplary embodiment, the cast composition begins to cure in solid form in from about 1 minute to about 3 hours. In particular, the casting composition begins to cure in solid form in from about 1 minute to about 2 hours. More particularly, the casting composition begins to cure in solid form in from about 1 minute to about 20 minutes.

In a compressed solid process, a fluidized solid, e.g., a granular solid or binder (e.g., a hydrated aminocarboxylate, a hydrated polycarboxylate, or a water soluble chelating agent, such as an alkali metal carbonate, Other hydrated solids, including hydrated anionic polymers, hydrated citrate salts, or hydrated tartrate salts, etc., are combined under pressure. In a compacted solid process, the flowable solid of the composition is placed in a shape (e.g., a mold or a container). The method may include gently compressing the flowable solid in the form of forming a solid cleaning composition. The pressure can be applied by a block machine or an adjustable plast, etc. The pressure may be from about 1 to about 2000 psi, from about 1 to about 300 psi, from about 5 psi to about 200 psi, or from about 10 psi to about 100 psi. In certain embodiments, the method may utilize pressures as low as about 1 psi or higher, about 2 or higher, about 5 psi or higher, or about 10 psi or higher. As used herein, the term "psi" or "pounds per square inch" refers to the actual pressure applied to the flowable solid that is being compressed and does not refer to the pressure or gauge measured at the point at which compression occurs in the device. The method may comprise a curing step to form a solid cleansing composition. As referred to herein, an uncured composition comprising a flowable solid is compressed such that the uncured composition provides sufficient surface contact between particles constituting a flowable solid that solidifies into a stable solid cleaning composition. A sufficient amount of particles (e. G., Granules) to contact each other provides effective interconnection of the particles to produce a stable solid composition. Including the curing step may include solidifying the compacted solid for a predetermined period of time, e.g., for a few hours, or about one day (or more). In a further aspect, the method may include vibrating the flowing solid in form or mold, for example, the method described in U.S. Patent No. 8,889,048, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The use of compressed solids can be achieved either by conventional solid block or tablet compositions requiring high pressures in a tablet press or by casting requiring the melting of compositions consuming significant amounts of energy and / or expensive equipment and advanced technical know-how Provides a number of advantages over the extrusion required. Compressed solids overcome these various limitations of other solid formulations where there is a need to prepare solid cleaning compositions. In addition, the compressed solid composition maintains its shape under conditions where the composition can be stored or manipulated.

The term "solid" means that the cured composition does not flow and maintains its shape substantially under moderate stress or pressure, or only under gravity. The solids can be in various forms such as powders, flakes, granules, pellets, tablets, lozenges, pucks, briquettes, solid blocks, unit doses, or other solid forms known to those skilled in the art. The hardness of the solid casting composition and / or the compressed solid composition may be in the range of hardness, which is characterized by being a hard to hardened paste of a relatively dense and rigid fused solid product such as, for example, a concentrate. In addition, the term "solids" refers to the state of the detergent composition under the expected conditions of storage and use of the solid detergent composition. In general, detergent compositions are expected to be present in solid form when exposed to temperatures of less than about 100,, and especially less than about 120..

The solid detergent composition obtained is a cast solid product; Solid pellets, blocks, tablets, powders, granules, plates, extruded, molded or formed; May take the form of, but is not limited to, compressed solids, or the formed solids may then be ground or formed into powders, granules, or flakes. In an exemplary embodiment, the extruded pellet material formed by the solidification matrix has a weight of from about 50 grams to about 250 grams, and the extruded solids formed by the composition have a weight of at least about 100 grams, The detergent has a mass of from about 1 to about 10 kilograms. The solid composition provides a stabilized source of the functional material. In some embodiments, the solid composition may be dissolved in, for example, an aqueous medium or other medium to produce a concentrated solution and / or a use solution. The solution may be directed to a storage reservoir for subsequent use and / or dilution, or it may be applied directly to the point of use.

The following patents describe various combinations of solidification, building and / or curing agents that can be used in the solid cleansing compositions of the present invention. The following US patents are incorporated herein by reference: U.S. Patent Nos. 7,153,820; 7,094,746; 7,087,569; 7,037,886; 6,831,054; 6,730,653; 6,660,707; 6,653,266; 6,583,094; 6,410,495; 6,258,765; 6,177,392; 6,156,715; 5,858,299; 5,316,688; 5,234,615; 5,198,198; 5,078,301; 4,595,520; 4,680,134; RE32,763; And RE32818.

Liquid compositions are typically prepared by forming the components in an aqueous liquid or aqueous liquid solvent system. Such systems are typically prepared by dissolving or suspending active ingredients in water or in miscible solvents and then diluting the product to an appropriate concentration to form concentrates or their use solutions. The gelled composition may simply be prepared by dissolving or suspending the active ingredients in a compatible aqueous, aqueous liquid, or mixed aqueous organic system containing a gelling agent at an appropriate concentration.

All publications and patent applications in this specification are indicative of the level of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. All publications and patent applications are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

Example

Embodiments of the present invention are further defined in the following non-limiting examples. While specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, from the above discussion and these embodiments, that those skilled in the art will recognize the essential characteristics of the invention, and that various modifications and variations ofspecific embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention Can be deformed. Accordingly, various modifications of the embodiments of the present invention other than those shown and described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Example  1 to 4

The materials used in Examples 1 to 4 are provided herein:

Pluronic® 25R2: EO / PO copolymer available from BASF

Novel® II 1012 GB-21: Alcohol alkoxylate available from Sasol

Additional materials commercially available from a number of sources include sodium carbonate, ash hydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate (anhydrous), zinc chloride, HEDP, and KOH.

For Examples 1 to 4, an exemplary two-in-one detergent was prepared and is shown in Table 2. Throughout the first to fourth embodiments, the formulation is referred to as empirical formula 1 (experiment 1).

Table 2

Existing detergent, rinse aid, and empirical formula 1 were tested for distilled water. Detergent Control 1 and Detergent Control 2 are commercially available detergents (phosphate-based detergents). Rinsing Auxiliary Control 1 and Rinse Auxiliary Control 2 are two commercially available rinse aids (using higher amounts of active ingredient and at least two ionic categories (e.g., nonionic and cationic) of surfactants ). The concentrations used for all experiments described below are provided in the following table:

Table 3

All dishwashing tests were performed on a Hobart AM-15 dishwasher at 10 oz. Gt; Libbey < / RTI > glass. The specifications of the Hobart AM-15 dishwasher are:

Hobart AM-15 Dishwasher Specifications

Example  One

Dynamic surface tension

The SITA science line t60 measures the dynamic surface tension of a liquid to a semi-static range. Air bubbles were formed from capillaries having known radii. The bubble pressure was measured according to the bubble life, which can be corrected to surface tension according to the Young-Laplace equation. Dynamic surface tension provides insights into the dynamic behavior of surfactants and other surface active compounds under dynamic conditions, i.e. how quickly the surfactant can reach the surface. Dynamic surface tension is a function of surfactant concentration, temperature and type. The dynamic surface tension behavior of the surfactant is particularly important in applications where rapid reaction of the surfactant is required, for example in a short rinse cycle of automated dishwashing.

Equipment and materials:

1. SITA T60 (Sita Messtechnik, Germany)

2. Oil bath with stirring bar

3. Heating and stirring plate

4. Glass beaker

5. Glass vial (20 mL)

The SITA Science Line t60 was calibrated to DI water. A clean water sample after calibration will have a surface tension of 72.0 ± 1.0 mN / m (depending on water quality and temperature). After calibration, SITA was programmed to perform reads at the desired time intervals (i.e., 0.3, 1.6, 3.0, and 9.1 seconds). Three separate solutions at the desired ppm were prepared for each composition to be tested (described as Sample A to Sample C) (for example, three samples of Experiment 1, three samples of Detergent Control 1). 10 to 15 mL was transferred to a 20 mL vial and impregnated with an oil bath heated to 72 째 C (160 ℉) 賊 2 째 C. The sample was equilibrated for 10-15 minutes. Samples were taken individually from the oil bath and tested in SITA. After each sample was tested, the SITA cleaning procedure was performed, and then the surface tension of the DI water was checked to ensure that the SITA was adequately clean. If the DI number measurement is not 72.0 +/- 1.0 mN / m, the cleaning procedure is performed again. Surface tension (mN / m) versus bubble life at 160 실험 experimental data is provided in the following Tables 4a-4f, where τ: bubble life (s); γ: surface tension (mN / m).

Table 4a

Table 4b

Table 4c

Table 4d

Table 4e

Table 4f

The average surface tension at 160 에 was tested for an average bubble life of 0.3, 1.6, 3.0, and 9.1 seconds. The results are provided in Table 5.

Table 5

The data show that the surface tension of experimental formulation 1 decreases rapidly with a significant reduction in surface tension at a bubble life of 9.1 seconds. This is similar to the widely practiced rinse aid, such as rinse aid control 2. These results are shown in Fig.

Example  2

100 cycle film evaluation for commercial dishwashing detergent

In order to measure the ability of various detergent compositions to remove spot and film from the tableware, six Libby 10 oz. A glass tumbler was prepared. The Hobart AM-15 dishwasher was then filled with the appropriate amount of water and the water was tested for hardness. After recording the hardness value, the tank heater was operated. On the day of the experiment, the water hardness was 17 grains. The dishwasher was operated and the rinse / rinse cycle was run through the machine until a rinse temperature of about 175 [deg.] F to about 190 [deg.] F was reached, at a rinse temperature of about 150 [deg. The controller was then set to dispense the appropriate amount of detergent into the cleaning tank. The detergent was dispensed so that the detergent was mixed with water during the cycle to form the working solution, and the detergent concentration of the working solution was 750 ppm. The solution was titrated in the washing tank to confirm the detergent concentration. The dishwasher has a cleaning bath capacity of 58 liters, a rinsing capacity of 2.8 liters, a cleaning time of 50 seconds, and a rinse time of 9 seconds.

Six clean glass tumblers are placed diagonally on a Raburn rack and four Newport 10 oz. The plastic tumbler was placed non-diagonally in the Raburn rack (see below for the arrangement) and the rack was placed inside the dishwasher (P = plastic tumbler; G = glass tumbler).

A 100-cycle test was then initiated. At the start of each cleaning cycle, an appropriate amount of detergent was automatically dispensed in a dishwasher to maintain the initial detergent concentration. The detergent concentration was controlled by conductivity.

At the completion of the 100 cycles, the rack was removed from the dishwasher and the glass and plastic tumblers were dried. Glass and plastic tumblers were then graded for spot and film accumulation using film grading and analytical light box evaluation. The film grade scale is provided in Table 6.

Table 6

Lightbox tests were conducted using digital cameras, light boxes, light sources, optical instruments and control computers using "Spot Advance" and "Image Pro Plus" commercial software. The glass to be evaluated was placed on its side on the light box and the intensity of the light source was adjusted to a predetermined value using a light meter. A photographic image of the glass was obtained and stored on a computer. Thereafter, software was used to analyze the upper half of the glass, and a histogram graph with the area under the graph proportional to the thickness of the film was shown in the computer.

Generally, a lower lightbox score indicates that more light can travel through the tumbler. Thus, the lower the light box score, the more effective the composition is to prevent scale on the surface of the tumbler. A clean, unused glass tumbler has approximately 12,000 lightbox scores equivalent to 72,000 scores for six glass tumblers and a clean, unused plastic tumbler has approximately 102,000 lightbox scores for four plastic tumblers Corresponding to approximately 25,500 lightbox scores. The minimum lightbox score that can be obtained (i.e., the sum of six clean glass tumblers and four clean plastic tumblers) is approximately 174,000. In general, detergent compositions are considered to be effective in controlling hard water scale when the sum of lightbox scores for six glass tumblers and four plastic tumblers is about 360,000 or less.

The results of a 100 cycle test are provided in Tables 7 and 8, which provide an average film grade for glass and plastic tumblers.

Table 7

Table 8

Example  3

Experiment of Cycle Deposition 50 times for dishwashing detergent for business

The cleaning efficacy and control of the compositions according to the present invention were further evaluated using a 50 cycle re-deposition experiment on a commercial dishwashing detergent. To test the ability of the composition to clean glass and plastic, six 10 oz. Libby heat resistant glass tumbler and one plastic tumbler were used. The glass tumbler was cleaned before use. A new plastic tumbler was used for each experiment.

A food contamination solution was prepared using a 50/50 combination of beef stew and hot point soil and used as 2000 ppm contaminants. The contaminants were stored in two cans of Dinty Moore beef stew (1360 grams), one large can of tomato sauce (822 grams), 15.5 sticks of Blue Bonnet Margarine (1746 grams) (436.4 grams). High temperature point contaminants were added to the machine to maintain a sump concentration of about 2000 ppm.

After the dishwasher was filled with 17 grain of water, the heater was operated. The cleaning temperature was adjusted to about 150 to 160.. The final rinse temperature was adjusted to about 175-190 ° F. The controller was set to indicate the amount of detergent in the cleaning tank. A glass and plastic tumbler was placed in the Raburn rack (see below for placement; P = plastic tumbler; G = glass tumbler) and the rack was placed inside the dishwasher.

The dishwasher was then operated and advanced through an automatic cycle. At the beginning of each cycle, an appropriate amount of high temperature point contaminant was added to maintain a sump concentration of 2000 ppm. The detergent concentration was controlled by conductivity.

At the end of the 50th cycle, the glass was allowed to dry overnight. These were then graded (spot) for spot and film accumulation.

The glass and plastic tumblers were then graded for protein accumulation by using a Commassie Brilliant Blue R stain followed by staining with an aqueous solution of acetic acid / methanol. Coomassie bliliant Blue R stain was prepared by combining 1.25 g of Coomassie bliliant Blue R dye with 45 mL of acetic acid in distilled water and 455 mL of 50% methanol. The stain removal solution consisted of 45% methanol and 10% acetic acid in distilled water.

The amount of protein remaining on the glass and plastic tumbler after stain removal was visually graded to a grade of 1-5. A rating of 1 indicates that there is no protein after stain removal, i.e. no spot / membrane. A grade of 2 indicates that a random area (which may barely be recognizable) is covered with protein after stain removal, that is, randomly spotted (or about 20% surface covered with membrane). A grade of 3 indicates that about 1/4 to 1/2 of the surface is covered with protein after staining (or about 40% of the surface is covered with a film). A grade of 4 indicates that about half of the glass / plastic surface is covered with protein after stain removal (or about 60% of the surface is covered with a film). A rating of 5 indicates that the entire surface is coated with protein after stain removal (or at least about 80% of the surface is covered with a film).

The grade of glass tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average decontamination grade from the glass surface and the grade of plastic tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average degree of decontamination from the plastic surface. Similarly, the grades of glass tumbler tested for redeposition were averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the glass surface and the average of the grades of the plastic tumbler tested for redeposition was averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the plastic surface .

The results are shown in the table below, indicating that the detergent compositions according to the invention provide at least substantially similar cleaning efficacy and, in various embodiments, provide superior efficacy over commercial products.

The rating scale is shown in Table 9.

Table 9

The results of the 50-cycle test are given in Tables 10 and 11.

Table 10

Table 11

Example  4

Seventh cycle spot, membrane and contaminant removal evaluation for commercial dishwashing detergent or rinse aid

To test the ability of the composition to clean glass and plastic, twelve 10 oz. A Ribei heat resistant glass tumbler and four Newport plastic tumblers were used. The glass tumbler was cleaned before use.

A food contamination solution was prepared using a 50/50 combination of beef stew and hot point soil and used as 2000 ppm contaminants. Contamination included two cans of Diltymor beef stew (1360 grams), one large can of tomato sauce (822 grams), 15.5 sticks of blue bonnet margarine (1746 grams) and powdered milk (436.4 grams) .

The dishwasher was then filled with the appropriate amount of water. After filling the dishwasher with water, the heater was turned on. The final cleaning temperature was adjusted to about 180 ° F. Glass and plastic tumblers were contaminated by rolling the glass three times onto a 1: 1 (by volume) mixture of Campbell's Cream of Chicken Soup: Kemp's Whole Milk. The glass was then placed in an oven at about 160 F for about 8 minutes. During the drying of the glass, the dishwasher was primed with about 120 grams of food contamination solution, which corresponds to about 2000 pppm of food contaminants in the pump.

The contaminated glass and plastic tumblers were placed in a Raburn rack (see below for placement; P = plastic tumbler; G = glass tumbler) and the rack was placed inside the dishwasher. The first two rows with a tumbler were tested for contaminant removal and the second two columns with a tumbler were tested for redeposition.

The dishwasher was then operated and advanced through an automatic cycle. At the end of the cycle, the tops of the glass and plastic tumblers were cleaned with a dry towel. The glass and plastic tumbler tested for contaminant removal was removed and the soup / milk contamination procedure was repeated. The redeposition glass and plastic tumbler were not removed.

At the beginning of each cycle, appropriate amounts of detergent and food contaminants were added to the cleaning tank to conserve the rinse dilution. The contamination and rinsing steps were repeated for 7 cycles.

The glass and plastic tumblers were then graded for protein accumulation by using a Coomassie blue red R stain followed by spotting with an aqueous solution of acetic acid / methanol. Coomassie bliliant Blue R stain was prepared by combining 1.25 g of Coomassie bliliant Blue R dye with 45 mL of acetic acid in distilled water and 455 mL of 50% methanol. The stain removal solution consisted of 45% methanol and 10% acetic acid in distilled water.

The amount of protein remaining on the glass and plastic tumbler after stain removal was visually graded to a grade of 1-5. A rating of 1 indicates that there is no protein after stain removal, i.e. no spot / membrane. A grade of 2 indicates that a random zone (which may barely be recognizable) is covered with protein after stain removal, that is, randomly spots. A grade of 3 indicates that about 1/4 to 1/2 of the surface is covered with protein after stain removal. A rating of 4 indicates that about half of the glass / plastic surface is covered with protein after stain removal. A rating of 5 indicates that the entire surface is coated with protein after stain removal.

The grade of glass tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average decontamination grade from the glass surface and the grade of plastic tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average degree of decontamination from the plastic surface. Similarly, the grades of glass tumbler tested for redeposition were averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the glass surface and the average of the grades of the plastic tumbler tested for redeposition was averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the plastic surface .

Glass was visually graded in a glass viewing area against a black background. Each set of glasses was graded as a set for all products tested, i.e., all redeposited glasses. The overall average can be determined for each set. The rating scales used are shown in Table 12.

Table 12

The results of the 7th cycle test are provided in Table 13 and Table 14, where it shows the average spotting, film and protein stain ratings (including standard deviation) for glass and plastic tumblers:

Table 13

Table 14

Example  5 to 8

The materials used in Examples 5 to 8 are provided herein:

Pluronic® 25R2: EO / PO copolymer available from BASF.

Novel® II 1012 GB-21: Alcohol alkoxylate available from Sasol.

Acusol 448: polyacrylic acid copolymer available from Dow Chemical Company.

Additional materials commercially available from various sources include sodium carbonate, ash hydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate (anhydrous), zinc chloride, HEDP, and KOH.

An exemplary two-in-one detergent comprising a polymer was prepared, which is shown in Table 15. Throughout the example, the formulation is referred to as Experimental Formula 2 (Experiment 2).

Table 15

Existing detergent, rinse aid, and Experimental Formula 2 were tested for distilled water. Detergent Control 1 and Detergent Control 2 are commercially available detergents (phosphate-based detergents). Rinsing Auxiliary Controls 1 and Rinse Auxiliary Controls are two commercially available rinse aids (higher amounts of active ingredients using at least two ionic categories (i.e., nonionic and cationic) surfactants). The concentrations used for all experiments described below are provided in Table 16:

Table 16

All dishwashing tests were carried out on a Hobart AM-15 dishwasher at 10 oz. Libbey was performed with glass. The specifications of the Hobart AM-15 dishwasher are:

Hobart AM-15 Dishwasher Specifications

Example  5

Dynamic surface tension

SITA Science Line t60 measures the dynamic surface tension of a liquid to an anti-static range. Air bubbles were formed from capillaries having known radii. The bubble pressure was measured according to the bubble life, which can be corrected to surface tension according to the Young-Laplace equation. Dynamic surface tension provides insights into the dynamic behavior of surfactants and other surface active compounds under dynamic conditions, i.e. how quickly the surfactant can reach the surface. Dynamic surface tension is a function of surfactant concentration, temperature and type. The dynamic surface tension behavior of the surfactant is particularly important in applications where rapid reaction of the surfactant is required, for example in a short rinse cycle of automated dishwashing.

Equipment and materials:

1. SITA T60 (Sita Messtechnik, Germany)

2. Oil bath with stirring bar

3. Heating and stirring plate

4. Glass beaker

5. Glass vial (20 mL)

The SITA Science Line t60 was calibrated to DI water. A clean water sample after calibration will have a surface tension of 72.0 ± 1.0 mN / m (depending on water quality and temperature). After calibration, SITA was programmed to perform reads at the desired time intervals (i.e., 0.3, 1.6, 3.0, and 9.1 seconds). Three separate solutions at the desired ppm were prepared for each composition to be tested (described as Sample A to Sample C) (for example, three samples of Experiment 2, three samples of Detergent Control 1). 10 to 15 mL was transferred to a 20 mL vial and impregnated with an oil bath heated to 72 째 C (160 ℉) 賊 2 째 C. The sample was equilibrated for 10-15 minutes. Samples were taken individually from the oil bath and tested in SITA. After each sample was tested, the SITA cleaning procedure was performed, and then the surface tension of the DI water was checked to ensure that the SITA was adequately clean. If the DI number measurement is not 72.0 +/- 1.0 mN / m, the cleaning procedure is performed again. Surface tension (mN / m) versus bubble life at 160 실험 experimental data is provided in the following Tables 17-A to 17-F, where τ: bubble life (sec); γ: surface tension (mN / m).

Table 17-A

Table 17-B

Table 17-C

Table 17-D

Table 17-E

Table 17-F

The average surface tension at 160 에 was tested for an average bubble life of 0.3, 1.6, 3.0, and 9.1 seconds. The results are provided in Table 18.

Table 18

The data show that the surface tension of experimental formulation 2 decreases rapidly with a significant reduction in surface tension at a bubble life of 9.1 seconds. This is similar to the widely practiced rinse aid, such as rinse aid control 2. These results are shown in Fig.

Example  6

100 cycle film evaluation for commercial dishwashing detergent

In order to measure the ability of various detergent compositions to remove spots and films from the dishware, six Libby 10 oz. A glass tumbler was prepared. The Hobart AM-15 dishwasher was then filled with the appropriate amount of water and the water was tested for hardness. After recording the hardness value, the tank heater was operated. On the day of the experiment, the water hardness was 17 grains. The dishwasher was operated and the rinse / rinse cycle was run through the machine until a rinse temperature of about 175 [deg.] F to about 190 [deg.] F was reached, at a rinse temperature of about 150 [deg. The controller was then set to dispense the appropriate amount of detergent into the cleaning tank. The detergent was dispensed so that the detergent was mixed with water during the cycle to form the working solution, and the detergent concentration of the working solution was 750 ppm. The solution was titrated in the washing tank to confirm the detergent concentration. The dishwasher has a cleaning bath capacity of 58 liters, a rinsing capacity of 2.8 liters, a cleaning time of 50 seconds, and a rinse time of 9 seconds.

Six clean glass tumblers are placed diagonally on a Raburn rack and four Newport 10 oz. The plastic tumbler was placed non-diagonally in the Raburn rack (see below for the arrangement) and the rack was placed inside the dishwasher (P = plastic tumbler; G = glass tumbler).

A 100-cycle test was then initiated. At the start of each cleaning cycle, an appropriate amount of detergent was automatically dispensed in a dishwasher to maintain the initial detergent concentration. The detergent concentration was controlled by conductivity.

At the completion of the 100 cycles, the rack was removed from the dishwasher and the glass and plastic tumblers were dried. Glass and plastic tumblers were then graded for spot and film accumulation using film grading and analytical light box evaluation. The film grade scale is provided in Table 19.

Table 19

Lightbox tests were conducted using digital cameras, light boxes, light sources, optical instruments and control computers using "Spot Advance" and "Image Pro Plus" commercial software. The glass to be evaluated was placed on its side on the light box and the intensity of the light source was adjusted to a predetermined value using a light meter. A photographic image of the glass was obtained and stored on a computer. Thereafter, software was used to analyze the upper half of the glass, and a histogram graph with the area under the graph proportional to the thickness of the film was shown in the computer.

Generally, a lower lightbox score indicates that more light can travel through the tumbler. Thus, the lower the light box score, the more effective the composition is to prevent scale on the surface of the tumbler. A clean, unused glass tumbler has approximately 12,000 lightbox scores equivalent to 72,000 scores for six glass tumblers and a clean, unused plastic tumbler has approximately 102,000 lightbox scores for four plastic tumblers Corresponding to approximately 25,500 lightbox scores. The minimum lightbox score that can be obtained (i.e., the sum of six clean glass tumblers and four clean plastic tumblers) is approximately 174,000. In general, detergent compositions are considered to be effective in controlling hard water scale when the sum of lightbox scores for six glass tumblers and four plastic tumblers is about 360,000 or less.

The results of the 100-cycle test are given in Table 20 and Table 21.

Table 20

Table 21

Example  7

Experiment of Cycle Deposition 50 times for dishwashing detergent for business

The cleaning efficacy and control of the compositions according to the present invention were further evaluated using a 50 cycle re-deposition experiment on a commercial dishwashing detergent. To test the ability of the composition to clean glass and plastic, six 10 oz. Libby heat resistant glass tumbler and one plastic tumbler were used. The glass tumbler was cleaned before use. A new plastic tumbler was used for each experiment.

A food contamination solution was prepared using a 50/50 combination of beef stew and hot point soil. The concentration of the solution was about 2000 ppm. Contamination included two cans of Diltymor beef stew (1360 grams), one large can of tomato sauce (822 grams), 15.5 sticks of blue bonnet margarine (1746 grams) and powdered milk (436.4 grams) . High temperature point contaminants were added to the machine to maintain a sump concentration of about 2000 ppm.

After the dishwasher was filled with 17 grain of water, the heater was operated. The cleaning temperature was adjusted to about 150 to 160.. The final rinse temperature was adjusted to about 175-190 ° F. The controller was set to indicate the amount of detergent in the cleaning tank. A glass and plastic tumbler was placed in the Raburn rack (see below for placement; P = plastic tumbler; G = glass tumbler) and the rack was placed inside the dishwasher.

The dishwasher was then operated and advanced through an automatic cycle. At the beginning of each cycle, an appropriate amount of high temperature point contaminant was added to maintain a sump concentration of 2000 ppm. The detergent concentration was controlled by conductivity.

At the end of the 50th cycle, the glass was allowed to dry overnight. These were then graded (spot) for spot and film accumulation.

The glass and plastic tumblers were then graded for protein accumulation by using a Coomassie blue red R stain followed by spotting with an aqueous solution of acetic acid / methanol. Coomassie bliliant Blue R stain was prepared by combining 1.25 g of Coomassie bliliant Blue R dye with 45 mL of acetic acid in distilled water and 455 mL of 50% methanol. The stain removal solution consisted of 45% methanol and 10% acetic acid in distilled water.

The amount of protein remaining on the glass and plastic tumbler after stain removal was visually graded to a grade of 1-5. A rating of 1 indicates that there is no protein after stain removal, i.e. no spot / membrane. A grade of 2 indicates that a random area (which may barely be recognizable) is covered with protein after stain removal, that is, randomly spotted (or about 20% surface covered with membrane). A grade of 3 indicates that about 1/4 to 1/2 of the surface is covered with protein after staining (or about 40% of the surface is covered with a film). A grade of 4 indicates that about half of the glass / plastic surface is covered with protein after stain removal (or about 60% of the surface is covered with a film). A rating of 5 indicates that the entire surface is coated with protein after stain removal (or at least about 80% of the surface is covered with a film).

The grade of glass tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average decontamination grade from the glass surface and the grade of plastic tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average degree of decontamination from the plastic surface. Similarly, the grades of glass tumbler tested for redeposition were averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the glass surface and the average of the grades of the plastic tumbler tested for redeposition was averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the plastic surface .

The results are shown in the table below, indicating that the detergent compositions according to the invention provide at least substantially similar cleaning efficacy and, in various embodiments, provide superior efficacy over commercial products. The rating scales are shown in Table 22.

Table 22

The results of the 50-cycle test are provided in Table 23 and Table 24.

Table 23.

Table 24.

Example 8

Seventh cycle spot, membrane and contaminant removal evaluation for commercial dishwashing detergent or rinse aid

To test the ability of the composition to clean glass and plastic, twelve 10 oz. A Ribei heat resistant glass tumbler and four Newport plastic tumblers were used. The glass tumbler was cleaned before use.

A food contamination solution was prepared using a 50/50 combination of beef stew and hot point soil and used as 2000 ppm contaminants. Contamination included two cans of Diltymor beef stew (1360 grams), one large can of tomato sauce (822 grams), 15.5 sticks of blue bonnet margarine (1746 grams) and powdered milk (436.4 grams) .

The dishwasher was then filled with the appropriate amount of water. After filling the dishwasher with water, the heater was turned on. The final cleaning temperature was adjusted to about 180 ° F. Glass and plastic tumblers were contaminated by rolling the glass three times onto a 1: 1 (by volume) mixture of Campbell's Cream of Chicken Soup: Kemp's Whole Milk. The glass was then placed in an oven at about 160 F for about 8 minutes. During the drying of the glass, the dishwasher was primed with about 120 grams of food contamination solution, which corresponds to about 2000 pppm of food contaminants in the pump.

The contaminated glass and plastic tumblers were placed in a Raburn rack (see below for placement; P = plastic tumbler; G = glass tumbler) and the rack was placed inside the dishwasher. The first two rows with a tumbler were tested for contaminant removal and the second two columns with a tumbler were tested for redeposition.

The dishwasher was then operated and advanced through an automatic cycle. At the end of the cycle, the tops of the glass and plastic tumblers were cleaned with a dry towel. The glass and plastic tumbler tested for contaminant removal was removed and the soup / milk contamination procedure was repeated. The redeposition glass and plastic tumbler were not removed.

At the beginning of each cycle, appropriate amounts of detergent and food contaminants were added to the cleaning tank to conserve the rinse dilution. The contamination and rinsing steps were repeated for 7 cycles.

The glass and plastic tumblers were then graded for protein accumulation by using a Coomassie blue red R stain followed by spotting with an aqueous solution of acetic acid / methanol. Coomassie bliliant Blue R stain was prepared by combining 1.25 g of Coomassie bliliant Blue R dye with 45 mL of acetic acid in distilled water and 455 mL of 50% methanol. The stain removal solution consisted of 45% methanol and 10% acetic acid in distilled water.

The amount of protein remaining on the glass and plastic tumbler after stain removal was visually graded to a grade of 1-5. A rating of 1 indicates that there is no protein after stain removal, i.e. no spot / membrane. A grade of 2 indicates that a random zone (which may barely be recognizable) is covered with protein after stain removal, that is, randomly spots. A grade of 3 indicates that about 1/4 to 1/2 of the surface is covered with protein after stain removal. A rating of 4 indicates that about half of the glass / plastic surface is covered with protein after stain removal. A rating of 5 indicates that the entire surface is coated with protein after stain removal.

The grade of glass tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average decontamination grade from the glass surface and the grade of plastic tumbler tested for decontamination was averaged to determine the average degree of decontamination from the plastic surface. Similarly, the grades of glass tumbler tested for redeposition were averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the glass surface and the average of the grades of the plastic tumbler tested for redeposition was averaged to determine the average redeposition rating from the plastic surface .

Evaluation results:

Glass was visually graded in a glass viewing area against a black background. Each set of glasses was graded as a set for all products tested, i.e., all redeposited glasses. The overall average can be determined for each set. The rating scales used are shown in Table 25.

Table 25

The results of the 7th cycle test are provided in Table 26 and Table 27, where it shows the average spotting, film and protein stain ratings (including standard deviation) for glass and plastic tumblers:

Table 26.

Table 27.

These embodiments demonstrate that the compositions of the present invention have similar, substantially similar, or better performance as compared to existing detergents and existing detergents and rinsing aids in the prevention of most categories of cleaning and redeposition in traditional dishwashing procedures .

While the invention has been described, it will be apparent that the invention may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims. The specification provides a description of the manufacture and use of the described compositions and methods. As various embodiments may be formed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the invention is claimed by the claims.

Claims (26)

An alkalinity source comprising an alkali metal carbonate; And
At least two nonionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants including alcohol alkoxylates and alkyl alkoxylates; And
An alkaline detergent and rinsing composition comprising a builder,
Wherein the composition performs both a rinsing function and a rinsing function. The composition of claim 1, wherein the alkaline source is present from about 10% to about 90% by weight and the nonionic surfactant is present from about 0.1% to about 80% by weight. The composition of claim 1, wherein the alcohol alkoxylate and alkyl alkoxylate are present in a ratio of about 3: 1 to 1: 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition provides cleaning and rinsing performance substantially similar to a separate detergent composition and a rinse aid composition. The composition of claim 1, further comprising a neutralizing agent in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight. 6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the alkaline source comprises an alkali metal carbonate, wherein the alkaline source is substantially free of alkali metal hydroxide, and wherein the neutralizing agent comprises up to about 10 weight percent alkali metal hydroxide. The composition of claim 1, further comprising an enzyme. 8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the enzyme is a protease, a lipase, and / or an amylase. The composition of claim 1, wherein the alkyl alkoxylate is present from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight. An alkaline source comprising an alkali metal carbonate;
At least two nonionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants including alcohol alkoxylates and EO / PO copolymers;
Builder; And
An alkaline detergent and rinse composition comprising a polymer comprising a polycarboxylic acid polymer, a copolymer, and / or a terpolymer,
Wherein the composition performs both a rinsing function and a rinsing function. 11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the alkaline source is present at about 10 wt% to about 90 wt%, the nonionic surfactant is present at about 0.1 wt% to about 80 wt%, the polymer is present at about 0.1 wt% RTI ID = 0.0 > 50%. ≪ / RTI > 11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the EO / PO copolymer and alcohol alkoxylate are present in a ratio of about 3: 1 to 1: 3. 11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the composition provides cleaning and rinsing performance substantially similar to separate detergent compositions and rinse aid compositions. 11. The composition of claim 10, further comprising a neutralizing agent in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight. 11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the polymer is present from about 0.1% to about 40% by weight and comprises a polyacrylic acid polymer, copolymer, and / or terpolymer. 16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the polyacrylic acid polymer, copolymer, and / or terpolymer is an acrylic / maleic acid copolymer. 15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the alkaline source comprises an alkali metal carbonate, wherein the alkaline source is substantially free of alkali metal hydroxide, and wherein the neutralizing agent comprises up to about 10 weight percent alkali metal hydroxide. 18. The composition of claim 17 further comprising an enzyme.  A method of cleaning and rinsing a tableware comprising contacting a ware with an alkaline detergent composition of claim 1 or 10. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the alkaline source is present from about 10 wt% to about 90 wt%, and the nonionic surfactant is present from about 0.1 wt% to about 80 wt%. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the alcohol alkoxylate and alkyl alkoxylate are present in a ratio of about 3: 1 to 1: 3. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the alkaline detergent composition further comprises a neutralizing agent in an amount from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the alkaline source comprises an alkali metal carbonate, wherein the alkaline source is substantially free of alkali metal hydroxide, and wherein the neutralizing agent comprises no more than about 10% by weight alkali metal hydroxide. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the alkaline detergent composition further comprises a protease, a lipase, and / or an amylase enzyme. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the alkyl alkoxylate is present from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight. 11. The composition of claim 1 or 10, wherein the alkaline detergent is cast or extruded or compressed solid.

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