KR20180041783A - Low temperature storage having automated ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, a low temperature storage comprises: a storage body consisting of a bottom portion forming an inner storage space, a wall portion and a ceiling portion; first and second windows formed on facing walls of the storage body, respectively; an actuator for automatically opening and closing the first and second windows; ventilation fans provided on the first and second windows, respectively; a carbon dioxide sensor for measuring a carbon dioxide concentration in the storage body; and a control portion for operating the actuator, if the carbon dioxide concentration measured by the carbon dioxide sensor exceeds a preset reference value, to open the first and second windows while operating the ventilation fans, and if the carbon dioxide concentration falls below the preset reference value, operating the actuator again to close the first and second windows while performing control to stop the ventilation fans.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a low temperature storage having an automatic ventilator,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a low temperature reservoir, and more particularly, to a low temperature reservoir having an automatic ventilation apparatus that can automatically perform an operation of ventilating the inside of a low temperature reservoir when necessary.

The present invention has been made from research carried out as part of the Export Strategic Technology Project of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Livestock. [Reference: 114094-2, Title: Development of technology for quality control and monitoring after exporting paprika Postharvest Paprika for export and its on site application)].

As the demand for dietary products of consumers increases due to the economic development and demand for diverse foods, the demand for distribution of fresh foods is increasing. Also, from the viewpoint of producers of concentrated fisheries, the necessity of shipment adjustment and storage after production is increased, There is an increasing demand for low temperature storage that can be stored.

1 and 2 are views showing a general structure of a low temperature reservoir. Here, the low temperature reservoir of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is an example taken from Korean Patent No. 10-1142457 of 'Patent Document 1'.

The low temperature storage tank shown includes a bottom body 11, a storage body formed of a wall part 12 and a ceiling part 13 formed on the bottom part 11, a heater and a cooling unit 20, a curing fan 30, a curing exhaust fan 40, a motor-driven shutter 50, a control unit 60, and an energy generating unit 80.

The heater and the cooling unit 20 have a unit body 21 fixed to the ceiling portion 13 by a bracket 21a, a unit fan 22 installed on one side of the unit body 21, A cooling unit 23 having an evaporator (not shown) installed inside the unit main body 21 so as to be spaced apart from the unit fan 22 and a heater installed so as to be apart from the unit fan 22 inside the unit main body 21 do.

The curing fan 30 is installed in the ceiling portion 13 so as to be spaced apart from the heater and the cooling unit 20 and serves to circulate the coolant and the warm air generated in the heater and the cooling unit 20 in the main body of the storage.

At least one curing exhaust fan 40 is installed in the wall part 12 and discharges carbon generated during the curing process of stored crops.

As shown in FIG. 2, at least one electric supply shutter 50 is installed in the wall part 12, and serves to guide fresh outside air into the inside of the storage body.

The control unit 60 is electrically connected to the heater and the cooling unit 20, the curing fan 30, the curing exhaust fan 40 and the motor-driven shutter 50 to control the above-described components under a given condition do.

The energy generating unit 80 includes a solar collecting unit 90 installed on the roof of the storage tank main body and preferably a storage battery and an inverter installed in the storage tank main body 10 so as to maintain the temperature of the low temperature storage tank All or a part of the required energy is obtained from the sunlight.

This low-temperature storage facility has a function of preserving fresh stored long-term storage by keeping the concentrated aquatic product at a freezing point (0 ° C) or more by cooling the inside of the room which is an insulating space, and is a facility for compressing, condensing, expanding, In terms of applying the refrigeration cycle, the technical principles are the same as those of air conditioning, freezing and freezing warehouses, and large refrigeration warehouses. However, there are differences in detailed devices, structures and control methods depending on the characteristics of the application target.

Freezing warehouses and freezers are freezing and storing the stored products, so that keeping the temperature below the freezing point hardly causes abnormalities in the quality of the stored products.

However, the low temperature reservoirs are required to store various kinds of concentrated aquatic products at a temperature above the freezing point. Especially, in the case of agricultural products, since they are required to be kept alive in fresh condition, the uniformity of temperature is not maintained, If it is not precisely controlled, it causes low temperature disruption due to excessive cooling and deterioration due to respiratory physiological action. In some cases, a 10-30% reduction rate is generated, which increases the distribution cost of fresh foods.

In addition, small- and medium-sized low-temperature storage is not different from general household refrigerator or large warehouse-type low-temperature storage for the purpose of storing fresh food, but it is required to maintain the temperature and humidity accuracy and uniformity within a relatively large space. This is a large warehouse type that can apply high efficiency management technology such as liquid liquid pump system and cool air supply through duct, including a method of centralized and precise control using a computer. It is also different from the cold storage.

Since small and medium-sized low-temperature storage is used for industrial or commercial purposes, it requires a higher level of uniformity and precision than that of general household refrigerators.

In addition, it operates independently in a small scale in areas where it is difficult to acquire expertise in refrigerators, such as concentrated fisheries producers and market or group foodservice stations. Therefore, it is safe to use, manage and maintain the quality of stored products by automatic operation control without expert operation knowledge. Management technology is required.

These characteristics lead to the following limitations in the direct application of technologies related to general refrigeration and general air conditioning, in which large-scale freezing low-temperature warehouses or large-scale investments are made in technology development.

First, if the temperature inside the room is not uniform in a low - temperature storage room, some storage materials may be exposed to the East Sea and some may be exposed to a high temperature, thereby degrading the storage quality. Therefore, the uniformity of temperature and humidity should be maintained at a higher level than that of a general household refrigerator. After the temperature stabilization, the deviation between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature should be within ± 2 ° C and the deviation between the highest and lowest temperatures should be within ± 5 ° do.

Second, agricultural products stored in a living state are required to be precisely controlled within 0.5 ° C in order to maintain the optimum storage temperature. Therefore, the set temperature and the minimum temperature deviation within the room should be maintained within ± 1 ° C during normal operation and within ± 3 ° C during defrosting.

Third, low - temperature storage is more expensive than general household refrigerator because of high refrigeration load, which leads to increase of storage cost. Therefore, it is required that the power consumption is low in terms of reduction of maintenance cost and reduction of CO ₂ .

In this way, the low temperature storage requires fast cooling time, high level of temperature uniformity, control precision and energy efficiency in terms of the quality of the storage and the maintenance cost. These performances are required for the control algorithm suitable for low temperature storage, It is directly related to the timing of the defecation.

For large low-temperature storage facility in relation to the control algorithm, Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0332481 arc as suggested in the "moving image environment manager for low-temperature reservoir and this low temperature storage with", in consideration of the environment inside the CO ₂ storage control management . However, these control techniques are not suitable for small and medium-sized low-temperature reservoirs as mentioned above.

Therefore, most of the small and medium-sized low-temperature storage rooms are compared with the "set temperature" and the "room internal temperature + set refrigeration deviation" to perform the freezing operation if the set temperature + freezing deviation> (ON-OFF method) and a time-period control method, in which the freezing operation is stopped and the defrosting is repeated for a predetermined time (about 20 minutes or less) at every predetermined time (about 4 hours) (Korea Patent No. 10-0747068). However, it can be satisfied with the cooling time, temperature uniformity inside the room, control precision and energy consumption efficiency. There was a limit to the performance.

Inside the low-temperature storage room, the unit cooler that constitutes the refrigeration cycle is installed to circulate the cold air in order to maintain low-temperature and high-humidity (around 0 ℃, RH more than 70%) with minimum penetration of outside heat by using insulation.

However, if live agricultural products such as potatoes are stored at low temperature, periodic ventilation is required because the carbon dioxide accumulates in the reservoir by the respiration of agricultural products. Conventionally, an operator manually ventilates the apparatus in such a manner that a door or a window is opened. However, it is considerably troublesome for the operator to ventilate periodically and repeatedly.

In addition, when the door is opened and ventilated, a large amount of cold air in the low-temperature storage chamber is lost, so it is common to open the window to ventilate. However, condensation is likely to occur in the windows during the process of air escaping through the narrow windows of the low temperature reservoir maintaining low temperature and high humidity. If the condensation becomes worse, there will be a lot of liquid water in the low temperature reservoir, which needs to be prepared because there is a problem that the germination of agricultural products germinate or rot and fungus grows.

Korean Patent No. 10-1529624 (published on June 19, 2015) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1326382 (published Nov. 11, 2013) Korean Patent No. 10-1537373 (published on July 16, 2015)

It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-temperature reservoir equipped with an automatic ventilator which can automatically perform the operation of ventilating the air inside the low-temperature reservoir when necessary.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a low-temperature reservoir provided with an automatic ventilation apparatus which does not cause condensation while reducing cold loss in the low-temperature reservoir.

The low temperature reservoir according to the present invention includes: a storage body including a bottom portion, a wall portion, and a ceiling portion forming an internal accommodation space; a first window and a second window formed on the opposite wall of the storage body, 1. An air conditioner comprising: an actuator for automatically opening and closing a first window and a second window; a ventilation fan provided in each of the first and second windows; a carbon dioxide sensor for measuring a concentration of carbon dioxide in the inside of the storage body; When the concentration of carbon dioxide measured by the controller is greater than a preset reference value, the actuator is driven to open the first and second windows and operate the ventilation fan. When the carbon dioxide concentration is lower than or equal to a preset reference value The actuator is driven again to close the first and second windows, And a control unit for performing control to stop the fan.

The control unit may further include a first temperature and humidity sensor and a second temperature and humidity sensor respectively provided on the inside and outside of the first window or the second window, 2 When the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and outside measured by the temperature and humidity sensor is equal to or lower than the dew point, the ventilation fan is operated first to ventilate the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and outside to exceed the dew point, The control for opening the first window and the second window can be performed.

The control unit may increase or decrease the opening area of the first and second windows and the speed of the ventilation fan in proportion to the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and the outside.

In addition, the first and second windows may be provided with a magnetic sensor for sensing whether the first or second window is opened or closed.

The carbon dioxide sensor may be installed at the bottom of the storage body.

According to the present invention, since the windows are formed in the wall portions facing each other, ventilation is smoothly performed, and the opening and closing of each window is automatically performed in correspondence with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the low-temperature storage, And to solve the inconvenience of opening windows and windows.

In addition, the windows are formed in the wall portions facing each other to smoothly generate ventilation, thereby greatly reducing the occurrence of condensation and reducing the occurrence of condensation by measuring the temperature and humidity difference between the room and the outdoor. It is possible to actively suppress the occurrence of condensation phenomenon by lowering the temperature and humidity difference between the room and the outside to below the dew point by the ventilation fan before opening the window.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view schematically illustrating the structure of a low temperature reservoir according to the prior art; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which the low temperature reservoir shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from above. FIG.
Figure 3 schematically illustrates the structure of a low temperature reservoir according to the present invention;
4 is a view showing a configuration of a window provided in the low temperature reservoir of FIG. 3;

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In describing the embodiments of the present invention, a description of well-known structures that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art will be omitted so as not to obscure the gist of the present invention. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. The same elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals even though they are shown in different drawings. Referring to the drawings, The size of the elements, etc., may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation.

In describing the components of the embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are intended to distinguish the constituent elements from other constituent elements, and the terms do not limit the nature, order or order of the constituent elements. When a component is described as being "connected", "coupled", or "connected" to another component, the component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, Quot; coupled "or" connected "indirectly while intervening in the context of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a low temperature reservoir according to the present invention, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

As shown in the drawing, the low-temperature storeroom 100 according to the present invention includes a bottom portion 112 constituting a basic structure of a structure, a wall portion 114 surrounding the outer portion of the bottom portion 112, And a ceiling portion (116) for making the ceiling portion (116).

As described above, the storage body 110 may have a general warehouse shape. However, the storage body 110 may be an example structure and may have a completely different structure, for example, a dome structure or the like. That is, the reservoir body 110 may be provided with a space (room) for accommodating various kinds of concentrated aquatic products stored therein in a low-temperature environment.

However, the storage body 110 may be provided with a heat insulating material such as a bottom part 112, a wall part 114, and a ceiling part 116 so that a low temperature environment artificially formed inside the room can be energy- It is desirable to install it.

The cooling unit 120 is configured to produce cold air inside the room of the low-temperature storeroom 100 to adjust the temperature environment lower than the external temperature. The cooling unit 120 may be a general cooler that circulates refrigerant through a flow path connected to an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, or the like.

The cool air produced by the cooling unit 120 is blown into the space inside the storage body 110 by the electric fan 122 to circulate the internal air so that the internal space of the room has a uniform temperature distribution.

A first window 130 and a second window 132 are formed on a wall portion 114 of the storage body 110 having the above structure. The first window 130 and the second window 132 are facing each other so that when both windows 130 and 132 are opened, the air that has entered either one of the windows 130 or 132 passes through the other window 132 Or 130).

If the first window 130 and the second window 132 are disposed opposite to each other, structurally, it is very helpful to reduce the dew condensation phenomenon.

Here, the first window 130 and the second window 132 refer to windows facing each other, and it does not mean that each window is necessarily one window or the same number of windows. That is, the number of the first windows 130 and / or the number of the second windows 132 can be freely designed in consideration of the size of the cold storage 100 and the like.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first window 130 and the second window 132 are provided with an actuator 134 that automatically opens and closes.

The actuator 134 provided in the windows 130 and 132 capable of being automatically opened and closed shown in FIG. 4 is one of the known technologies applied to the sliding window, and various structures other than the automatic opening and closing method can be applied. For example, the actuator 134 may be applied to a window that is opened and closed in a tilting manner other than sliding doors, and may be automatically opened and closed.

It is important that the first window 130 and the second window 132 of the present invention are automatically opened and closed by the operation of the actuator 134 and not by a manual operation. Various conventional technologies other than windows can be applied.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first window 130 and the second window 132 are provided with a ventilation fan 138, respectively. The ventilation fan 138 is for discharging the air inside the low-temperature storeroom 100 to the outside, and the ventilation fan 138 which is conventionally widely used can also be applied.

The storage tank main body 110 is provided with a carbon dioxide sensor 140 for measuring the carbon dioxide concentration therein.

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the low temperature reservoir 100 measured by the carbon dioxide sensor 140 is used as a reference value for determining whether ventilation is required. That is, unless the ventilation is performed for a long time, the carbon dioxide level of the agricultural product is increased by the respiration of the agricultural product, and it becomes possible to judge whether or not the ventilation is necessary based on the carbon dioxide concentration.

Since the specific gravity of carbon dioxide is higher than that of air by about 1.6, it is preferable to provide the carbon dioxide sensor 140 at the bottom portion 112 of the reservoir body 110.

The actuator 134, the ventilation fan 138 and the carbon dioxide sensor 140 provided in the first and second windows 130 and 132 described above are electrically connected to the controller 160, A signal measured by the carbon dioxide sensor 140 is input to the control unit 160 while a signal for controlling the operation of the actuator 134 and the ventilation fan 138 is output.

3 shows an actuator 134 and a ventilation fan 138 provided in the first and second windows 130 and 132 and a ventilation fan 138 provided between the carbon dioxide sensor 140 and the controller 160 It is necessary to note that the electrical connection of Fig.

When the carbon dioxide concentration measured by the carbon dioxide sensor 140 exceeds a preset reference value, the controller 134 drives the first window 130 and the second window 130 132 are opened to ventilate the low-temperature storeroom 100. In addition, the ventilation fan 138 provided at each window can be operated to assist ventilation.

When the concentration of carbon dioxide falls below a preset reference value, the controller 160 drives the actuator 134 again to close the first and second windows 130 and 132. At the same time, the operation of the ventilation fan 138 is also stopped to stop the ventilation, so that the cold air in the low-temperature storeroom 100 is not discharged any more but is preserved.

The cold storage 100 according to the present invention may further include a first temperature and humidity sensor 150 and a second temperature and humidity sensor 152 and 153 disposed inside and outside the first window 130 or the second window 132, ).

That is, the first temperature and humidity sensor 150 measures the temperature and humidity inside the low-temperature storeroom 100 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 152 measures the outside temperature and humidity outside the low-temperature storeroom 100 .

This is because the condensation phenomenon is caused by the formation of a temperature below the dew point at the interface between the two temperature and humidity sensors 150 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 152), the temperature and humidity of the inside and outside of the low-temperature storeroom (100) are monitored, and it is possible to determine the degree of the possibility of occurrence of condensation when the inside of the low-temperature storeroom (100) It is because.

The operation of the controller 160 for preventing the condensation phenomenon by using the first temperature and humidity sensor 150 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 152 is as follows.

The control unit 160 first operates the ventilation fan 138 when the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and outside measured by the first temperature and humidity sensor 150 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 152 are respectively equal to or less than the dew point So that the difference in temperature and humidity existing between the inside and outside air around the first window 130 and the second window 132 is reduced.

When the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and the outside reaches a level exceeding the dew point by the operation of the ventilation fan 138, the actuator 134 is driven to open the first window 130 and the second window 132 .

When the temperature and humidity of the inside and the outside of the low-temperature storeroom 100 are measured by the first temperature and humidity sensor 150 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 152, the first window 130 and the second window 130 Thereby making it possible to prevent the window 132 from generating condensation.

The control unit 160 may increase or decrease the opening area of the first and second windows 130 and 132 and the speed of the ventilation fan 138 in proportion to the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and the outside. That is, if the difference between the inside and outside temperature and humidity is large, the open area of the first and second windows 130 and 132 and the speed of the ventilation fan 138 are increased. On the other hand, 130 and the second window 132, and the speed of the ventilation fan 138. [0064]

The differential control of the opening area of the first and second windows 130 and 132 and the speed of the ventilation fan 138 not only reduces the amount of freezing air escaping from the cold storage 100 during the ventilation process, There is a big effect in terms of reducing.

As described above, the present invention can prevent not only the concentration of carbon dioxide but also the temperature and humidity inside and outside the low temperature storage tank 100, thereby more effectively preventing condensation and reducing the loss of cold air during the ventilation process.

In addition, the present invention may include a magnetic sensor 136 for sensing whether the first window 130 and the second window 132 are opened or closed. That is, one of the magnetic sensors 136 is installed on the window frame and the other is installed on the windows 130 and 132. When a magnetic field is formed between the magnetic sensors 136, the first window 130 and the second window 132 And if the magnetic field is not formed, it is determined that the first window 130 and the second window 132 are in an open state.

The signal from the magnetic sensor 136 is also input to the controller 160. The controller 160 outputs the control signal for operating the actuator 134 so that the first window 130 and the second window 132 are closed It is determined that a malfunction has occurred and an error signal or an alarm is generated and the operator or manager can be notified of the malfunction.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It will be possible. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention will be determined by the description of the claims and their equivalents.

100: low temperature storage tank 110: storage tank main body
112: bottom part 114: wall part
116: Ceiling part 120: Cooling unit
122: electric fan 130: first window
132: second window 134: actuator
136: magnetic sensor 138: ventilation fan
140: carbon dioxide sensor 150: first temperature and humidity sensor
152: second temperature and humidity sensor 160:

Claims (5)

A reservoir body including a bottom portion, a wall portion and a ceiling portion forming an internal accommodation space;
A first window and a second window formed respectively in opposite walls of the storage body;
An actuator for automatically opening and closing the first and second windows;
A ventilation fan provided in each of the first and second windows;
A carbon dioxide sensor for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the storage body;
When the concentration of carbon dioxide measured by the carbon dioxide sensor exceeds a preset reference value, the actuator is driven to open the first and second windows and operate the ventilation fan, A controller for driving the actuator again to close the first and second windows and stop the ventilation fan when the temperature falls below a predetermined reference value;
Lt; / RTI > The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a first temperature and humidity sensor and a second temperature and humidity sensor respectively provided on the inside and outside of the first window or the second window,
Wherein the control unit operates the ventilation fan first when the difference between the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature, and the humidity difference between the inside and the outside measured by the humidity sensor is equal to or lower than the dew point, Wherein the controller controls the actuator to open the first and second windows. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the control unit increases or decreases the opening area of the first and second windows and the speed of the ventilation fan in proportion to the temperature and humidity difference between the inside and the outside. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first window and the second window are provided with a magnetic sensor for detecting whether the first window or the second window is opened or closed. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the carbon dioxide sensor is installed at the bottom of the storage body.

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