KR20180033782A - Artificial reef having structure of plane concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

An artificial reef of high-strength plain concrete structure is disclosed. The artificial reef of high-strength plain concrete structure according to the present invention comprises the high-strength plain concrete structure which ensures compressive strength of 40 MPa or more without using reinforcing bars, wherein the high-strength plain concrete structure is manufactured by depositing a concrete composition including water, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, a water reducing agent and silica fume. According to the present invention, it is possible to secure sufficient strength required for the artificial reef, greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the artificial reef, and have an effect of preventing durability deterioration and environmental pollution due to corrosion of the reinforcing bars.

Description

{ARTIFICIAL REEF HAVING STRUCTURE OF PLANE CONCRETE}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial ear sheeter, and more particularly, to an artificial ear sheeter of a concrete structure capable of securing a required strength without using reinforcing bars.

In general, artificial reef (artificial reef) is an artificial structure that is installed in the sea to form habitat for various aquatic creatures such as fish and shellfish and seaweed, And is used for the purpose of raising fishery resources by creating spawning grounds and hiding places for various fishes and shellfishes.

These artificial fishes can be largely divided into submerged sediments (submerged sediments) and submerged reef sediments (submerged sediments) in the seabed. In the rest of the world, polyethylene resin and waste tires Various types of fish reefs, such as abandoned shipwrecks and scrapped reef reefs, including prefabricated reefs made up of certain shapes, have been used, but the use of reptiles using waste resources has been on the decline in relation to the marine environment.

[0004] As the above-mentioned various artificial fish super-sediment-type fish catches, widely used are fish, such as concrete, steel or fiberglass plastic (FRP), which can move fish on a rectangular artificial fish or hemispherical body formed with a frame- A hemispherical artificial fish that forms a flow passage is known. The square and hemispherical artificial fishes are loaded on the barge and transported to the corresponding water area. Then, the artificial fish is installed on the sea floor using a crane installed on the barge, And to provide habitat for such aquatic organisms as well as shelter and spawning grounds.

However, since each of the quadrangular and hemispherical artificial fishes has a very simple shape, the various shellfishes and seaweeds on the surface of the fishes are difficult to easily grow and grow. As a result, , It is not only that the coexistence of shellfishes and seaweeds, which are the actual food and refuge of fish, is slowed down, and the number of shellfishes and seaweeds is very low, There is a problem that it is difficult to achieve the fundamental purpose of an artificial fish such as a flower.

In addition, in the past, reinforcing concrete that forms artificial reefs is exposed to the marine environment periodically and for a long time, and chloride ion (Cl ^- ) present in seawater is directly penetrated into the concrete, and the amount of penetration thereof becomes a permissible value , About 1.2 kg / m ³ ), corrosion of the reinforcing steel due to the electrochemical action causes corrosion of the concrete resulting in cracking of the coated concrete.

Reinforced reinforced concrete (RC), which is normally placed in a sound reinforced concrete structure, is stabilized by forming a surface film (1 ㅧ 10 ^-6 mm thick) by Ca (OH) ₂ of pH 12.5 contained in concrete, If anions such as Cl ^- , F ^- , S ^{2 -} SO ₄ ^2- present in the seawater component penetrate or remain at high temperature, the passive film on the surface of the steel is partially broken and corrosion begins. Especially, chloride ion (Cl ^- ) is known as the most harmful component to steel corrosion.

Therefore, in order to prevent the corrosion of marine concrete structures, the standard specification of concrete recommends the use of mixed cement such as blast - furnace slag cement, fly ash cement, or moderate heat Portland cement as specified in KS L5201 for cement material for marine concrete. In the case of marine concrete, which is constructed in a location where it is affected by seawater, it is not possible to obtain required quality only by cementitious materials. Therefore, polymer cement concrete mixed with cement and polymer and resin concrete using only polymer, It is proposed to use polymer impregnated concrete impregnated with synthetic resin as a pore of concrete as a pathway.

However, some of these materials can not be used in construction sites due to the problems of concrete production, economical efficiency, and construction workability.

In addition, when blast furnace slag cement or fly ash cement is used in marine concrete, the initial reactivity of blast furnace slag or fly ash is lower than that of cement. Therefore, until the cement is sufficiently hydrated, the chloride ion penetration resistance It is known to fall. Therefore, a practical and universally usable concrete composition for artificial insecticide which is capable of imparting discoloration to marine concrete irrespective of the time of exposure to the marine environment is desperately required.

In addition, conventional artificial fishes having a reinforced concrete structure for reinforcing most of them are not preferable from the economical point of view because they are expensive, and since the reinforcing bars are weak against salinity, they are rapidly corroded and durability of artificial fishes is poor. When toxic substances contained in cement such as hard alkaline substance, hexavalent chromium and various heavy metals from cement are deposited in seawater, they act as a harmful factor to marine life, causing problems such as scattering, habitat and catching of marine life .

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0336316 (registered on Apr. 29, 2002) Domestic Registration No. 10-1372312 (Registered on March 04, 2014)

It is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial reed of a concrete structure capable of significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of an artificial fish element while ensuring a sufficient strength required for an artificial fish reed, and also capable of preventing durability and environmental pollution due to corrosion of reinforcing bars will be.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an artificial fish of a concrete structure capable of promoting propagation of copper, phytoplankton and seaweed by facilitating the activation of seaweed roots and establishing a favorable vegetation environment.

The various problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to the present invention, the above object can be achieved by a high-strength, non-reinforced concrete structure which comprises a high strength and low strength concrete structure having a compressive strength of 40 MPa or more without using reinforcing bars. The high strength reinforced concrete structure includes water, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water reducing agent and silica fume Which is produced by casting a concrete composition which is a high-strength non-oriented concrete structure.

Preferably, the amount of the unitary binder in the concrete composition is 450 kg / m ³ or more.

Preferably, the water content is 125 to 185 kg / m ³ , the cement is 450 to 750 kg / m ³ , the fine aggregate is 600 to 1100 kg / m ³ , and the coarse aggregate is 800 to 1200 kg / m 3 ³ , the water reducing agent is 3 to 15 kg / m ³ , and the silica fume is 3 to 15 kg / m ³ .

Preferably, the concrete composition further comprises a fiber, wherein the fiber is at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, cellulose fiber, glass fiber and steel fiber, And 0.1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement constituting the concrete composition.

Preferably, the concrete composition further comprises a pH reducing agent, wherein the pH reducing agent is 0.5 to 3kg / m ³ is used.

Preferably, the concrete composition further comprises a pH reducing agent composed of a chelate resin, and the pH reducing agent inhibits the elution of the cement component by a chelating reaction with the cement.

Preferably, in the concrete composition, the coarse aggregate has a particle diameter ranging from 8 to 25 mm.

Preferably, the concrete composition further comprises a bulking agent (made of fish).

Preferably, the artificial fish candle further comprises a porous water permeable concrete structure for providing a portion where the seaweed vegetation is combined with the high strength open concrete structure.

Preferably, the porous water-permeable concrete structure is manufactured by casting a concrete composition including water, cement, coarse aggregate, water reducing agent and water-based resin.

Preferably, in the concrete composition for producing the porous waterproof concrete structure, the water is 125 to 185 kg / m ³ , the cement is 450 to 750 kg / m ³ , the coarse aggregate is 1800 to 2200 kg / m ³ , To 15 kg / m ³ , and the water-based resin is used in an amount of 0.5 to 8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement.

Preferably, the concrete composition for producing the porous waterproof concrete structure further comprises a pH reducing agent, and the pH reducing agent is used in an amount of 0.5 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement.

Preferably, in the concrete composition for producing the porous waterproof concrete structure, the coarse aggregate has a particle diameter ranging from 8 to 25 mm.

Preferably, the concrete composition for manufacturing the porous waterproofing concrete structure further comprises a collecting vessel.

Preferably, at least a portion of the high-strength, free-flowing concrete structure is provided with a roughened surface for providing a portion of the seaweed vegetation.

Preferably, the high-strength non-exposed concrete structure is formed by applying a papermaking resin to the inner surface of a mold used for pouring concrete, curing the concrete composition by pouring the concrete composition into the mold, and then spraying water on the surface thereof.

Preferably, the papermaking resin is selectively applied to only a portion of the inner surface of the mold so that the uneven surface is formed only on a portion of the high strength unfilled concrete structure.

The present invention provides an artificial reed of a high strength unreinforced concrete structure securing a compressive strength of 40 MPa or more even without using reinforcing bars, thereby ensuring a sufficient strength required for artificial reeds and greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of artificial reeds, It is possible to prevent deterioration of durability and environmental pollution due to corrosion.

In addition, the present invention provides an artificial fish of a composite structure of a composite structure that bonds a porous water-permeable concrete structure based on a high-strength, non-porous concrete structure, or provides an artificial fish with an uneven surface formed on at least a part of a high- Seaweed roots can be more easily mobilized and a good vegetation environment can be created to promote the growth of copper, phytoplankton and seaweed.

Furthermore, it will be appreciated that embodiments of the technical idea of the present invention can provide various effects not specifically mentioned.

1 and 2 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an artificial fish of a concrete structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an artificial fish of a concrete structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
5 and 6 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an artificial fish of a concrete structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods of accomplishing the same, will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments disclosed herein are provided so that the disclosure can be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant art and are to be construed as ideal or overly formal in meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application Do not.

1 and 2 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an artificial fish of a concrete structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, a description will be made in detail of an artificial fish of a concrete structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. However, the structure and shape of the artificial ear seconds shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are merely exemplary, and the present invention is not limited thereto and may be provided as an artificial ear having various structures and shapes.

The artificial fish candle 100 according to the present embodiment is provided as a high strength, non-reinforced concrete structure 110 that does not use reinforcing bars. At this time, the high-strength un-reinforced concrete structure 110 is manufactured by placing a concrete composition for high-strength un-reinforced concrete production in a previously prepared formwork.

The concrete composition comprises water, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water reducing agent, and silica fume, or further comprises fibers. This concrete composition can provide artificial fishes of a high strength and non-concrete concrete structure securing a compressive strength of 40 MPa or more even without using reinforcing bars. Accordingly, the artificial ear candle 100 according to the present embodiment can sufficiently reduce the manufacturing cost of the artificial ear candle while ensuring sufficient strength required for the artificial ear candle, and also can prevent durability and environment pollution due to corrosion of the reinforcing bar.

The water is used as a mixing water for mixing and mixing the compositions, and the water may be used in an amount of 125 to 185 kg / m < ³ > in the entire concrete composition. When the content of water is less than 125 kg / m ³ , the compositions may not be sufficiently compounded to prevent uniform mixing. If the content of water exceeds 185 kg / m ³ , workability And the strength of the concrete may be lowered.

Portland cement is generally used as the cement, and the cement may be used in an amount of 450 to 750 kg / m < ³ > in the entire concrete composition. Depending on the environment for producing artificial fishes according to the present invention, , Crude steel or super crude steel Portland cement may be used, and in the case of summer, medium heat Portland cement may be used.

If the if the amount of the cement contained in 450kg / m is less than ³ is impossible to obtain the degree of strength of satisfying the cohesion of the composition weak, exceed 750kg / m ³ in the present invention include Artificial produced increased the mixed amount of the cement The porosity of the pores becomes relatively small, and satisfactory porosity and porosity for seaweed culture can not be generated.

The fine aggregate may be sand having a particle size of 2 to 5 mm, and the fine aggregate may be at least one selected from the group consisting of natural sand, crushed sand, and reclaimed sand. The fine aggregate may be used in an amount of 600 to 1100 kg / ³ can be used. Here, natural sand refers to sand collected naturally from beaches, mountains, rivers, etc. Crushed sand refers to sand made by breaking rock, and recycled sand can refer to sand made from waste concrete.

This has pores Artificial seconds is made if it is included in the amount of the fine aggregate exceeds 600kg / m when contained to less than ^3, and can cause problems where the second is made Artificial reduction in strength, 1100kg / m ³ relatively in the present invention It is difficult to obtain satisfactory permeability coefficient and voids for seaweed culture, and the manufacturing cost may increase.

The coarse aggregate may be natural gravel or artificial stone, and the coarse aggregate may be used in an amount of 800 to 1200 kg / m ^{3 in the} entire concrete composition. In this case, it is preferable that the coarse aggregate has a particle diameter in the range of 8 to 25 mm. If a coarse aggregate having a particle size in the above-mentioned range is used, the concavo-convex surface of the high strength unreinforced concrete structure as in the third embodiment of the present invention A space or a gap more suitable for the vegetation of algae is formed on the surface of the irregularities. More preferably, the coarse aggregate has a particle size of about 13 mm.

Hardly this has enough pores Artificial seconds produced becomes relatively small with satisfactory permeability and Seaweed Form gap for the case that contains the content of the coarse aggregate to 800kg / m is less than ³ generated by the invention, in excess of 1200kg / m ³ There is a possibility that the strength of the artificial ear produced may be lowered and the manufacturing cost may increase.

The water reducing agent promotes the dispersing action of the cement, thereby increasing the water reducing rate and increasing the strength of the artificial fish prepared, as compared with the case where the water reducing agent is not used. The water reducing agent includes lignin water reducing agent, naphthalene water reducing agent, And a polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent. The construction of the water reducing agent is well known to those skilled in the art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

There in the present invention, the water reducing agent is from 3 to 15kg / m ³ may be used in a total content of the concrete composition, when the amount of the water reducing agent is included at less than 3kg / m ³ there may be minimal, the effect of the water reducing agent, 15kg / m ³ , The increase in the rate of further reduction may not be conspicuous.

The silica fume is an admixture used for water tightness improvement, high strength, dispersibility and water reducing effect. The silica fume may be used in an amount of 3 to 15 kg / m ^{3 in the} entire concrete composition.

In the present invention, when the silica fume is contained in an amount of less than ³ kg / m ^3, satisfactory strength of the manufactured artificial fish can not be obtained. When the silica fume is contained in excess of 15 kg / m ³ , There is a problem that the workability is deteriorated.

The fibers are used to improve the resistance and strength of the artificial fish to cracks. For example, the fibers may be carbon fibers, aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, cellulosic fibers, glass fibers and steel fibers fiber) may be used.

In the present invention, the fibers may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement constituting the concrete composition. When the content of the fibers is less than 0.1 part by weight, If it is contained in an amount exceeding 3 parts by weight, the content of the other composition is relatively low, so that the binding force is weakened and the strength may be lowered.

Meanwhile, the concrete composition for manufacturing the high-strength free-flowing concrete structure in the artificial fish column 100 according to the present embodiment may further include a pH reducing agent. The concrete composition to which the pH-reducing agent is added can provide eco-friendly artificial fishes that facilitate the vegetation of seaweeds and promote the growth of fish and shellfish by lowering the pH value of the eluted hydrogen ions from the surface of the high- have. For reference, a high-strength concrete structure made of a concrete composition that does not use such a pH-reducing agent generally elongates strongly alkaline hydrogen ions, and such strongly alkaline materials act as a negative factor in the vegetation of seaweeds.

The pH reducing agent is used to inhibit the elution of the cement component by reacting with a chelate resin (chelate resin). This pH reducing agent not only reduces the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of the initial unhardened concrete but also reduces the elution of alkali with time, thereby decreasing the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) eluted from the concrete surface to the outside .

In the present invention, the pH-lowering agent may be used in an amount of 0.5 to 3 kg / m ^{3. If} the pH-lowering agent is contained in an amount of less than 0.5 kg / m ³ , If it is contained in excess of ³ kg / m ³ , it is difficult to expect an increase in further remarkable effect, which may lead to an inefficient problem.

In addition, the concrete composition for manufacturing the high-strength free-flowing concrete structure in the artificial fish column 100 according to the present embodiment may further include a collecting material (collected fish). The collecting agent may contain at least one of animal fat, acid, vegetable fatty acid, animal protein, and vegetable protein as a substance having an effect of attracting or collecting fish. Accordingly, the present invention can provide a more environmentally friendly artificial ear candle.

Hereinafter, the artificial fish of the concrete structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following experimental examples.

<Experimental Example 1>

In water 155kg / m ^3, cement 550kg / m ^3, fine aggregate 650kg / m ^3, coarse aggregates 1100kg / m ^3, the cement water reducing agent to the concrete composition 100 made of 8.25kg / m ³ and a silica fume 5.5kg / m ³ parts by weight 1 part by weight of fiber was blended to prepare an artificial fish according to Example 1. The physical properties of the artificial fish according to Example 1 were tested and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

Item Slump Flow
(cm) Air volume
(%) Compressive strength (MPa) 1 day 3 days 7 days 28th Experiment result 65 0.9 18.5 45.2 69 75

Referring to Table 1 above, the artificial fish according to Example 1 reinforced with fibers had a strength of 40 MPa or more, a slump flow of 45 cm or more, a unit binder of 450 kg / m ³ or more, an air content ) 0.9%, and it was confirmed that it is possible to produce high strength artificial fish candle using this.

<Experimental Example 2>

In water 155kg / m ^3, cement 550kg / m ^3, fine aggregate 650kg / m ^3, coarse aggregates 1100kg / m ^3, the cement water reducing agent to the concrete composition 100 made of 8.25kg / m ³ and a silica fume 5.5kg / m ³ parts by weight And 1 part by weight of a pH-reducing agent were blended to prepare an artificial fish supernatant according to Example 1. The properties of the artificial fish supernatant according to Example 1 were tested and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

Item Hydrogen ion concentration
(pH) Slump flow
(cm) Air volume
(%) Compressive strength (MPa) 1 day 3 days 7 days 28th Experiment result 7.8 63 1.2 16.5 43 65 72

The artificial fish weighed in accordance with Example 1, in which a pH-reducing agent was further added, had a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 9.0 or less, a strength of 40 MPa or more, a slump flow of 45 cm or more, It is possible to produce pure concrete with an air content of 1.2%, and it is confirmed that it is possible to produce environment friendly high strength artificial fish candle.

3 and 4 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an artificial fish of a concrete structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 and 4, a description will be made in detail of an artificial fish of a high-strength non-conductive concrete structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. However, the structure and shape of the artificial ear seconds shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are merely exemplary, and the present invention is not limited thereto and may be provided as an artificial ear having various structures and shapes.

The artificial fish candle 200 according to the present embodiment includes a high strength unfilled concrete structure 210 and a porous waterproof concrete structure 230. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, it is preferable that the high-strength non-porous concrete structure 210 is applied to the lower structure of the artificial fish candle and the porous water-permeable concrete structure 230 is applied to the upper structure of the artificial fish candle. The porous water permeable concrete structure 230 is manufactured separately from the high strength unfilled concrete structure 210 and is then attached to the high strength unfilled concrete structure 210 through the fastening means such as the bolts B and N shown in FIGS. 210). Meanwhile, when a plurality of the artificial fisheries 200 according to the present embodiment are stacked and transported, they are not interfered with each other by the bolts B / N projecting to the outside of the porous water permeable concrete structure 230 as the upper structure It is preferable that a receiving groove 215 as shown in FIG. 4 is formed on the bottom surface of the high strength unfilled concrete structure 210 as a lower structure.

In the present embodiment, the high-strength free-flowing concrete structure and the concrete composition for manufacturing the high-strength free-flowing concrete structure are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment described above, so that the description of the first embodiment will be applied.

The high strength unguarded concrete structure according to the present invention can provide an artificial fish securing a compressive strength of not less than 40 MPa without using reinforcing bars as described in the first embodiment and can secure sufficient strength required for artificial fish securing, It is possible not only to drastically reduce the manufacturing cost of the steel cord but also to prevent the durability and environmental pollution caused by the corrosion of the steel bar. However, since the concrete structure of the high strength non-porous concrete structure is relatively dense, that is, the pores are relatively small, it is difficult to activate the seaweed root on the surface of the structure, which is somewhat disadvantageous in the vegetation environment of seaweeds.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the artificial fish candle according to the present embodiment is provided as a composite structure of a composite structure in which a high-strength non-porous concrete structure 210 and a porous water-permeable concrete structure 230 are bonded to each other. That is, in order to ensure sufficient strength of the artificial fish weave according to the present embodiment, the lower structure of the artificial fish element is applied to the high strength and high strength concrete structure 210 and the upper structure of the artificial fish element is used as the porous pitcher The concrete structure 230 is applied.

In the present embodiment, the porous water permeable concrete structure is manufactured by placing a concrete composition for manufacturing porous water permeable concrete in a previously prepared formwork. Hereinafter, the porous waterproof concrete structure and the concrete composition for manufacturing the same will be described in detail.

The concrete composition for producing the porous water-permeable concrete structure comprises water, cement, coarse aggregate, a water-soluble resin and a pH-reducing agent, or both of a water-based resin and a pH-reducing agent added to the water reducing agent.

The water is used as a blending water for blending and mixing the compositions, and 125 to 185 kg / m &lt; ³ &gt; of the water can be used. When the content of water is less than 125 kg / m ³ , the compositions may not be sufficiently compounded to prevent uniform mixing. If the content of water exceeds 185 kg / m ³ , workability And the strength of the concrete may be lowered.

The cement is generally Portland cement. The cement may be used in an amount of 450 to 750 kg / m &lt; ³ &gt;. Depending on the environment for producing the artificial fish weed according to the present invention, Crude steel Portland cement may be used, and in the case of the summer, medium heat Portland cement may be used.

If the if the amount of the cement contained in 450kg / m is less than ³ is impossible to obtain the degree of strength of satisfying the cohesion of the composition weak, exceed 750kg / m ³ in the present invention include Artificial produced increased the mixed amount of the cement The porosity of the pores becomes relatively small, and satisfactory porosity and porosity for seaweed culture can not be generated.

The coarse aggregate may be natural gravel or artificial stone, and the coarse aggregate may be used at 1800 to 2200 kg / m &lt; ³ &gt;. In this case, it is preferable that the coarse aggregate has a particle diameter in the range of 8 to 25 mm. If a coarse aggregate having a particle size in the size range is used, a space or a gap is formed more suitable for vegetation of seaweed on the surface of the porous water- Because. More preferably, the coarse aggregate has a particle size of about 13 mm.

Hardly this has enough pores Artificial seconds produced becomes relatively small with satisfactory permeability and Seaweed Form gap for the case that contains the content of the coarse aggregate to 1800kg / m is less than ³ generated by the invention, in excess of 2200kg / m ³ There is a possibility that the strength of the artificial ear produced may be lowered and the manufacturing cost may increase.

The water reducing agent promotes the dispersing action of the cement, thereby increasing the water reducing rate and increasing the strength of the artificial fish prepared, as compared with the case where the water reducing agent is not used. The water reducing agent includes lignin water reducing agent, naphthalene water reducing agent, And a polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent. The construction of the water reducing agent is well known to those skilled in the art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

There are the water reducing agent is from 3 to 15kg / m ³ may be used in the present invention, if the amount of the water reducing agent is included at less than 3kg / m ³ there may be minimal, the effect of the water reducing agent, contained in excess of 15kg / m ³ The increase in the yield rate may not be conspicuous.

The water-based resin can form a fine film inside the concrete to enhance the binding force of the cement hydrate, thereby contributing to the safety of the hydration product and preventing the dissolution of the alkali component. For example, the water-based resin may be one or more resins selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, styrene-butadiene copolymer latex, NB latex and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber And the aqueous resin is not toxic and can be excellent in waterproof property.

In the present invention, the water-based resin may be used in an amount of 0.5 to 8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement. When the amount of the water-based resin is less than 0.5 part by weight, it is difficult to form a fine film inside the concrete, There may arise a problem that it is difficult to achieve, and when it exceeds 8 parts by weight, it may be difficult to expect an increase in further effect.

The pH-reducing agent is used to inhibit elution of the cement component into seawater from the surface of concrete by reacting with chelate with chelate resin. These pH reducing agents not only reduce the pH of the initial unhardened concrete but also reduce the elution of alkali with time after hardening to reduce the pH of the concrete eluting from the surface of the concrete .

In the present invention, 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of the pH reducing agent may be used in an amount of 0.5 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement. When the pH reducing agent is less than 0.5 parts by weight, And when it is contained in an amount exceeding 3 parts by weight, it is difficult to expect an increase in further remarkable effect, which may lead to an inefficient problem.

Hereinafter, the porous water permeable concrete structure in the artificial fish of the concrete structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following experimental examples.

<Experimental Example 3>

Water to 155kg / m ^3, cement 600kg / m ^3, coarse aggregates 2000kg / m ³ and a water reducing agent 9kg / m ³ Example 2 The water-based resin 4 parts by weight of a pH reducing the first weight blending unit for the cement 100 parts by weight of the The porous water-permeable concrete structure constituting the artificial fish weighed according to Example 2 was manufactured. The properties of the porous water-permeable concrete structure according to Example 2 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

Item Hydrogen ion concentration
(pH) Porosity
(%) Compressive strength (MPa) 1 day 3 days 7 days 28th Experiment result 7.9 15 5 16 28 45

Referring to Table 3, the porous water-permeable concrete structure according to Example 2 was prepared by blending a pH-reducing agent and an aqueous resin without using fine aggregate, thereby obtaining an austenite having a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 9.0 or less and a porosity of 15% Concrete can be manufactured, and it is confirmed that it is possible to produce a porous green artificial artificial fish with the use of the concrete. On the other hand, according to the experimental results, it can be seen that the porous water-permeable concrete structure according to the present invention exhibits an excellent effect in comparison with the conventional reinforced concrete structure in terms of compressive strength, have.

5 and 6 are a schematic perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an artificial fish of a concrete structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

5 and 6, a description will be made in detail of artificial fishes of a high-strength unfilled concrete structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. However, the structure and shape of the artificial ear seconds shown in Figs. 5 and 6 are merely exemplary, and the present invention is not limited thereto and may be provided as an artificial ear having various structures and shapes.

The artificial fish candle 300 according to the present embodiment includes the high strength unfilled concrete structure 310 similarly to the first embodiment described above, but unlike the first embodiment described above, at least a part of the high strength unfilled concrete structure 310 A roughened surface 320 for providing a part where seaweeds are vegetated is formed. 5 and 6, it is preferable that the uneven surface 320 is formed on the upper surface and the upper surface of the high-strength non-conductive concrete structure 310.

In the present embodiment, the high-strength free-flowing concrete structure and the concrete composition for manufacturing the high-strength free-flowing concrete structure are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment described above, so that the description of the first embodiment will be applied.

The high strength unguarded concrete structure according to the present invention can provide an artificial fish securing a compressive strength of not less than 40 MPa without using reinforcing bars as described in the first embodiment and can secure sufficient strength required for artificial fish securing, It is possible not only to drastically reduce the manufacturing cost of the steel cord but also to prevent the durability and environmental pollution caused by the corrosion of the steel bar. However, since the concrete structure of the high strength non-porous concrete structure is relatively dense, that is, the pores are relatively small, it is difficult to activate the seaweed root on the surface of the structure, which is somewhat disadvantageous in the vegetation environment of seaweeds.

The artificial fish candle 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention solves the above technical problems by applying the porous waterproof concrete structure 230 as its upper structure, The present invention is based on the high-strength, non-porous concrete structure 310, and the uneven surface 320 is formed on at least a part of the surface thereof to improve the vegetation environment of the seaweed. Particularly, in this embodiment, irregularities are generated by removing the cement on the surface of the concrete structure. In this case, since the flow of seawater stops at the concave portion of the concavity and convexity, seaweed spores can be easily seated and living creatures such as sea urchins Seaweed under the concave part is not completely eaten by the sea urchin, and the seaweed vegetation and growth are further enhanced.

In this embodiment, the concavo-convex surface 320 of the high-strength, non-conforming concrete structure 310 is formed by applying a papermaking process when concrete is poured. Specifically, the high-strength un-reinforced concrete structure 310 is formed by applying a papermaking resin to the inner surface of a mold previously prepared for concrete curing, curing the concrete composition for making a high-strength un-reinforced concrete structure in the mold, curing the surface thereof, So that the irregular surface 320 is formed.

Here, grass flour is a substance that delays the setting of cement during concrete curing. In the present invention, the papermaking flame retardant is a polysaccharide such as glucose, a polysaccharide such as sugar, a compound having a carboxyl group (-COOH) (carboxylic acid), a compound having a hydroxyl group (-OH) May be combined with water.

When the paving agent is applied to the inner surface of a mold used for pouring concrete, for example, to a thickness of about 1 mm, and then the concrete composition is cured by being poured into the pouring mold, the surface of the concrete contacting the inner surface of the poured concrete Condensation of the cement is delayed to a predetermined depth (for example, 6 mm). Accordingly, when the high strength unfired concrete structure 310 prepared by removing the formwork after completion of the curing operation is sprayed with high pressure water to the surface thereof, the cement which has not sufficiently solidified is broken and the aggregate constituting the concrete composition The surface 320 is formed as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 by being exposed to the outside. In other words, in the present invention, the uneven surface 320 of the concrete structure is formed by delaminating the cement with delayed coagulation by delaying the condensation of the cement to a predetermined depth from the surface using a papermaking flame and performing a water spraying operation. In this case, as the coating thickness of the papermaking resin increases, the condensation delay depth of the cement increases. Therefore, by changing the thickness of the papermaking resin applied to the inner surface of the papermaking die, the depth at which the aggregate is exposed to the outside can be controlled. That is, the coating thickness of the puffed flame retardant is determined according to the condensation delay depth of the required cement. Also, since the depth of the uncured cement is increased as the pressure of the water sprayed during the spraying operation increases, it is possible to control the depth of exposure of the aggregate on the uneven surface by appropriately changing the spraying pressure of the water during the spraying operation.

In the present invention, the uneven surface 320 may be formed on the entire surface of the high strength unguarded concrete structure 310, but the vegetation of the seaweed is actively formed above the lower part of the artificial reed, 5 and 6, it is preferable to form the concavoconvex surface 320 only on the upper surface and a part of the upper side surface of the high strength unfilled concrete structure 310, because it is inefficient to form the concavo- . Thus, in order to form the uneven surface 320 only at a necessary portion of the high strength unfilled concrete structure 310, the papermaking resin should be selectively applied to only a part of the inner surface of the formwork. For example, in order to form the uneven surface 320 only on the upper upper surface of the high strength unfilled concrete structure 310, the puffing agent should be selectively applied only to the inner surface of the mold corresponding to the upper upper surface of the high strength unfilled concrete structure 310.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be possible. It is therefore to be understood that one embodiment described above is illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive.

100,200,300: artificial fishes
110,210,310: High-strength plain concrete structure
230: Porous permeable concrete structure
320: Uneven surface

Claims (17)

High-rigidity concrete structure which ensures compressive strength of 40 MPa or more without using reinforcing bars,
Wherein the high strength and low strength concrete structure is manufactured by casting a concrete composition including water, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water reducing agent and silica fume.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the amount of the unit binder in the concrete composition is 450 kg / m &lt; ³ &gt; or more.
The method according to claim 1,
Of the total content of the concrete composition of the water is 125 to 185kg / m ^3, the cement is 450 to 750kg / m ^3, the fine aggregate is sand of 600 to 1100kg / m ^3, the coarse aggregate is from 800 to 1200kg / m ^3, wherein Wherein the water reducing agent is used in an amount of 3 to 15 kg / m ³ , and the silica fume is used in an amount of 3 to 15 kg / m ³ .
The method according to claim 1 or 3,
Wherein the concrete composition further comprises a fiber, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, cellulose fiber, glass fiber and steel fiber is used, And 0.1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement constituting the concrete structure.
The method according to claim 1 or 3,
The concrete compositions of high strength Artificial Reef plain concrete structure, characterized in that further comprising a pH reducing agent, wherein the pH reducing agent is 0.5 to 3kg / m ³ used.
The method according to claim 1 or 3,
Wherein the concrete composition further comprises a pH reducing agent composed of a chelate resin, and the pH reducing agent reacts with the cement to inhibit elution of the cement component by reacting with the cement. second.
The method according to claim 1 or 3,
Wherein the coarse aggregate in the concrete composition has a particle diameter ranging from 8 to 25 mm.
The method according to claim 1 or 3,
Wherein the concrete composition further comprises a bulking agent (made of fish).
The method according to claim 1,
And a porous waterproofing concrete structure for providing a part where the seaweed vegetation is combined with the high strength open-pored concrete structure.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the porous water-permeable concrete structure is manufactured by casting a concrete composition including water, cement, coarse aggregate, water reducing agent and water-based resin.
11. The method of claim 10,
The water permeability of the concrete composition for producing the porous waterproof concrete structure is 125 to 185 kg / m ³ , the cement is 450 to 750 kg / m ³ , the coarse aggregate is 1800 to 2200 kg / m ³ , the water reducing agent is 3 to 15 kg / m &lt; ³ &gt;, and the water-based resin is used in an amount of 0.5 to 8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement.
The method according to claim 10 or 11,
Wherein the concrete composition for producing the porous waterproof concrete structure further comprises a pH reducing agent, and 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of the pH reducing agent is used for 100 parts by weight of the cement.
The method according to claim 10 or 11,
Wherein the coarse aggregate has a particle size ranging from 8 to 25 mm in the concrete composition for producing the porous waterproof concrete structure.
The method according to claim 1 or 3,
Wherein the concrete composition for producing the porous water-permeable concrete structure further comprises a collecting material (collecting fish).
The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that at least a part of the high-strength free-flowing concrete structure is provided with a roughened surface for providing a part where vegetation of algae is provided.
The method according to claim 1,
The high-strength,
Characterized in that a papermaking resin is applied to the inner surface of a mold used for pouring concrete, the concrete composition is placed in the pouring mold for curing and then sprayed on the surface thereof to form a concavo-convex surface, second.
17. The method of claim 16,
The papermaking process is characterized in that,
Characterized in that the uneven surface is selectively applied only to a part of the inner surface of the formwork so that the uneven surface is formed only on a part of the high strength unfilled concrete structure.

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