KR20180027320A - Road pavement constructing method using imperviousness concrete having waterproof and anticorrosive - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a road pavement construction method of applying impermeable concrete with a waterproof property and a rust prevention property to concrete of an upper slab of a bridge or a reinforced concrete pavement road. The road pavement construction method includes: (a) step of forming a road body at the thickness of 90-110 cm on a base ground by using soil in a site; (b) a step of forming a road at the thickness of 90-110 cm by using sandy soil with high permeability coefficient on the road body formed in the step (a); (c) a step of forming a freeze prevention layer at the thickness of 40-80 cm by using crushed stone in which the diameter is 50-70 mm on the road formed in the step (b); (d) a step of forming an auxiliary base layer at the thickness of 15-25 cm by using the crushed stone in which the diameter of 30-50 cm on the freeze prevention layer formed in the step (c); and (e) a step of forming an impermeable concrete layer including a waterproof and rust-resistant material on the auxiliary base layer formed in the step (d). The impermeable concrete used in the step (e) includes: 169-187 kg of water; 774-856 kg of fine aggregates; 917-1,013 kg of thick aggregates; 11-12 kg of a rust-resistant and waterproof additive; and 285-315 kg of cement per 1 m^3 of concrete in a case that compression strength of the impermeable concrete is less than 27 MPa. The impermeable concrete includes: 148-164 kg of the water; 822-908 kg of the fine aggregates; 901-995 kg of the thick aggregates; 12-13 kg of the rust-resistant and waterproof additive; and 329-363 kg of cement per 1 m^3 of concrete in a case that the compression strength of the impermeable concrete is equal to or greater than 27 MPa. The step (a) to the step (e) are performed in order. So, the road pavement concrete construction method can prevent reinforcing bars from being corroded and deteriorated due to spreading a large amount of a calcium chloride deicing agent in winter.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a road pavement constructing method using impervious concrete having waterproof and rustproof properties,

The present invention relates to a road pavement construction method using waterproof and rustproof impermeable concrete, and more particularly, to concrete slab concrete or reinforced concrete pavement roads, which is deteriorated by calcium chloride (CaCl 2) The present invention relates to a road pavement construction method using a waterproof and rustproof impermeable concrete so as to prevent chlorine from penetrating into the interior and causing steel or steel corrosion.

Recently, construction of high-speed railway, expressway, large-scale offshore structure, underground structure, port structure, and building are continuously increasing according to the expansion plans of national infrastructure. Therefore, there is a growing awareness of the durability of concrete structures and the need for SOC-related concrete structures with a service life of more than 100 years, due to the growing interest in longevity of concrete structures. Particularly, to minimize the social problems caused by corrosion of reinforced concrete structures, measures to reduce the durability of structures and to improve durability such as selection of materials to prevent them and construction procedures are more urgent than ever .

In addition, due to the increase in the dismantling of road pavement and maintenance, the amount of waste ascon is increased to 6 million tons per year, which causes severe environmental pollution and waste of resources. In order to prevent the environmental pollution caused by the illegal reclamation of construction waste, which is currently occurring in large scale at the national level, the waste ascon is designated as designated by-product and efforts are being made to raise the recycling rate to the level of advanced countries.

Generally, the asphalt pavement has been widely used because of its ease of construction, economy, rideability, and driving ability. However, before 5 years after construction, The material gradually ages and eventually causes severe cracks. At this time, in order to protect the substructure, the surface layer is mainly cut or rolled, and there is a lot of maintenance construction in which the overlay is wrapped.

In addition, reinforced concrete is to be constructed as a pavement layer or intermediate layer in the upper part slab concrete and tunnel invert concrete or roadbed during the road pavement section. In order to solve the disadvantage that the reinforced concrete pavement layer is not as flat and as much noise as compared with asphalt pavement, the longitudinal grooves are formed by tining or grooving on the surface of concrete pavement layer, It is effective to prevent slipping due to improved drainage, and to reduce freezing and reduce noise to improve driving stability.

These concrete pavements are not as smooth as compared with asphalt pavements and have a lot of noise, but they do not have plastic deformation like asphalt pavement. Also, excessive use of calcium chloride snow remover in the winter causes the concrete pavement to break down rapidly, In order to prevent slippage, packing technology that improves stability of traveling by making vertical grooves on the surface of concrete pavement layer, and functional packaging technology which is constructed with low noise, drainage and abrasion resistant asphalt surface layer are applied to new highway.

On the other hand, reinforced concrete pavement layer or intermediate layer is constructed of reinforced concrete in the case of soft ground sections other than bridges and tunnels. Concrete pavement is relatively durable compared to asphalt pavement. However, it is well known that there are disadvantages to maintain maintenance such as damage due to insufficient resistance to salt corrosion, sea damage, abrasion and rebar corrosion.

That is, the reinforced concrete pavement is also damaged rapidly due to heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall and high temperature in winter due to unusual weather conditions, freezing phenomenon caused by rapid increase of traffic volume and heavy traffic in the road, and excessive use of calcium chloride, In contrast to asphalt pavement, it is difficult to maintain, and maintenance methods and costs increase, which is a major pain for the management.

After putting general concrete with no waterproofing on the reinforced concrete pavement layer or intermediate layer, it is applied to the concrete surface by using asphalt concrete pavement, latex modified concrete pavement, sulfur concrete pavement etc. to prevent deterioration of concrete top plate and corrosion of reinforcing steel Tack Coating) and waterproof the surface layer. However, due to the characteristics of the material, deterioration of the reinforced concrete top plate accelerates and the aging of the structure due to the corrosion of the reinforcing steel is promoted when the chloride ions penetrate into cracks caused by deterioration, peeling, peeling, plastic deformation in terms of durability, Will have a catastrophic effect.

That is, in bridges and tunnels, cracks due to plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage are likely to occur at the initial stage of construction, and as the time passes, the corrosion resistance due to harmful substances Dramatically shorten road life. Therefore, the waterproof and rustproofing performance of reinforced concrete structures is very important factor.

On the other hand, as a method of pavement pavement after surface treatment by coating waterproofing, waterproofing of infiltration, waterproofing of sheet, etc. on the top surface of bridge or reinforced concrete deck, it is used asphalt concrete pavement, exposed concrete pavement pavement, latex modified concrete, high performance concrete ), Reactive powder concrete (RPC), very early strength-latex modified concrete (VES-LMC), and sulfur concrete pavement pavement.

In particular, LMC concrete improves the adhesion performance of the bridge with the SB-based latex, and is a concrete excellent in bending strength, anti-freeze resistance, abrasion resistance, material permeation resistance, etc., It is a packaging method.

However, latex modified concrete is costly 10 ~ 20 times higher than general concrete price. In addition, depending on the entire latex performance required for the concrete upper bridge pavement material, it may cause not only an increase in the material cost but also a quality gap between the concrete and surface crack due to the time difference between the latex and the cement.

In the case of reinforced concrete bridge pavement, waterproofing including waterproofing and rustproofing is required because concrete pavement material is laid on the steel roof concrete reinforced with steel or reinforced concrete. If water and snow remover (CaCl) penetrate into the interior due to deterioration of concrete cover, it will eventually lead to corrosion of steel or steel, loss of structural stability, and eventual economic and human damage due to damage to infrastructure .

Causes of damage on existing road pavement are plastic deformation and impact due to heavy vehicle traffic, freezing and thawing due to moisture penetration due to lowering of winter temperature, penetration of chloride ion through breakage and breakage due to vibration or deflection due to vehicle traffic, waterproofing Deterioration of floor concrete due to moisture absorption penetration of the road pavement due to lack of performance and deterioration of adhesion of the surface layer packing material on the degraded surface.

Reinforced concrete pavement is a concrete which is damaged by cracks in concrete construction and penetration of salinity by spraying calcium chloride during the winter season. In the case of concrete using reinforced concrete, the reinforcing steel is corroded and the aggregate alkali reaction is promoted. Therefore, the durability of concrete is remarkably decreased, . If the road is damaged, the repair work should be completed for a short period of time.

One example of such a technique is disclosed in the following documents and the like.

For example, the following Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a steel sheet, comprising the steps of: joining a hearth layer formed on a site to a thickness of about 1 m, a hearth layer formed on the hearth layer to form a sandstone having a good permeability coefficient, A waste tire in-flight preventing layer formed by laying a piece of waste tire having a diameter of 3 cm to 7 cm to a thickness of about 50 cm and a gravel or a crushing stone having a diameter of 50 mm to 70 mm by laying on the waste tire in- A base layer formed by laying an asphalt or concrete layer on the auxiliary layer at a thickness of about 20 cm, and a base layer formed of asphalt or concrete having a thickness of 10 cm And a surface layer formed by laying on the base layer to a thickness of about 1 mm.

Patent Document 2 discloses a concrete rust-preventive / waterproofing composition for concrete admixture, which comprises 38 to 56 parts by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, 5 to 10 parts by weight of silica-fume, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a redispersible powdery resin, 5 to 11 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid metal salt, 1 to 6 parts by weight of a high-performance water reducing agent, 18 to 34 parts by weight of a positive electrode type inorganic salt, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of metakaolin Are incorporated herein by reference.

In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses a method for manufacturing a pavement reinforcement layer, comprising the steps of piercing and dugging the pavement to a predetermined depth from the surface, fixing the pavement reinforcement layer construction material to the ground where the pavement processing is completed, polyurethane resin, EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) A step of mixing and filling a chip, a waste tire chip or a reclaimed rubber chip with an adhesive made of a synthetic resin to form a permeability reinforcing layer, a step of forming a concrete layer by pouring and curing the concrete up to the step height of the permeable reinforcement layer construction material, A step of forming a primer layer by applying a synthetic resin adhesive to a finer height than a height of the polyurethane resin, an EPDM chip, a waste tire chip, a reclaimed rubber chip, etc. are mixed with an adhesive made of a synthetic resin, And a step of forming a packaging layer, The.

In the following Non-Patent Document 1, the effect of cement type and environmental conditions on chloride ion penetration resistance was evaluated through chlorine ion diffusion test. For this purpose, ordinary Portland cement (OPC), two-component cement (BBC) The chloride ion penetration resistance of concrete with a water-binding ratio of 43% was evaluated according to environmental conditions such as three-component cement (TBC) and standard curing and ocean exposure environment. As a result, OPC in blended cement, blast furnace slag It has been described that the resistance to chloride ion penetration of concrete using three component cement mixed with fine powder and silica fume is the best regardless of environmental conditions.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0141498 (registered on February 18, 1999) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1617723 (Registered on May 5, 2014) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0604212 (Registered on July 25, 2006)

 Korea Concrete Institute 2007 Fall Conference, Park Jaeim et al. 'Influence of cement types and environmental conditions on chloride penetration resistance of concrete'

However, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 as described above has a problem in that it can not be applied to a reinforced concrete pavement in which the ground condition is weak, and a road slab concrete road pavement on which a vehicle runs.

The above Patent Document 2 relates to a concrete rustproofing / waterproofing composition for concrete admixture registered and registered by the applicant of the present invention, and no construction of reinforced concrete pavement has been disclosed at all.

The technique disclosed in Patent Document 3 is a structure for forming an absorbent packaging layer by mixing a polyurethane resin, an EPDM chip, a waste tire chip, a reclaimed rubber chip or the like with an adhesive made of a synthetic resin mainly on a road on which a vehicle does not travel, And there is a problem that it can not be applied to the road slab concrete road pavement.

That is, the road pavement to which the vehicle travels is to protect the concrete deck from shocks, rain, other weather and environmental conditions caused by traffic loads, while securing the running ability.

Materials used for packaging require materials that are waterproof and rust-proof to protect concrete decks if there is little change with outside temperature. Particularly, penetration of chloride ions by spraying of winter seasoning (snow remover) has a serious effect on the structural safety of the concrete deck, and therefore, a material having high resistance to chloride is needed.

In addition, to have safe driving performance and long-term durability, wear, freeze-thaw. The road construction method using waterproof and rustproof impervious concrete with resistance such as carbonation and corrosion of reinforcing steel (rust prevention) can save maintenance cost, save construction resources, and prevent environmental pollution.

On the other hand, a patching repair method using ascon or quick-speed cement mortar has been used as a conventional repair method, but recently, a technique capable of mixing polymer latex having rubber properties with concrete has been developed and applied. Since the working time of the latex modified concrete is very short, about 20 minutes, there are many problems in construction using the mobile mixer in the field.

In order to solve the disadvantage that the flatness of the reinforced concrete pavement is not better than that of the asphalt pavement and the noise is much generated, the untreated concrete surface is scratched with a comb or rake type machine to make the tining method and curing Longitudinal grooves are formed by grooving method which carves out hard hard surface to prevent water film phenomenon. It has the effect of preventing slipping due to improved drainage ability, and the packaging technology that suppresses freezing and improves driving stability by reducing noise. , And functional packaging technology that is applied to the abrasion-resistant asphalt surface layer is widely applied to the new expressway.

However, since grooving is costly, the tinning method is often used to make grooves in the concrete casting process. Most of the surface treatment techniques used in Korea are tanning, and the standard for the spacing of the treading grooves in road construction is standardized to 18 to 19 mm. In general, the longitudinal tanning construction standard is 3 mm (width) x 3 mm (depth) x 18 Mm (interval). However, it is necessary to develop alternative techniques for carbonation of concrete aggregate, deterioration due to calcium chloride penetration as a snow remover, insufficient abrasion resistance, and corrosion of reinforcing steel.

In addition, asphalt flexible pavement is easy to construct, has excellent economy, ride feeling, and driving ability, and can pass immediately after construction. However, due to high temperature phenomenon for a long time, traffic volume of road and rapid increase of heavy vehicle, plastic deformation and partial crack occur, As the freezing phenomenon caused by the function reduction is affected to the depth of about 15 cm from the surface of the asphalt pavement, the deformation of the intermediate layer and the lack of durability increase the maintenance cost due to the plastic deformation of the surface layer and damage such as cracks and settlement, And it is not possible to guarantee the driving stability and ride comfort.

Therefore, in order to prevent deterioration in the base layer and intermediate layer (hereinafter referred to as "intermediate layer") of concrete pavement or asphalt pavement, impervious reinforced concrete having improved physical properties such as waterproofing and rustproofing, chloride ion penetration, The increase of bearing capacity and durability caused by heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall, long-term high temperature phenomenon during heavy weather, heavy vehicles, and rapid increase of traffic volume are expected to minimize the ground settlement and plastic deformation caused by the lowering of bearing capacity of the intermediate layer below the surface layer, The maintenance cost can be reduced.

When the asphalt surface layer is applied on the reinforced concrete intermediate layer, waterjet or brushing is performed to remove foreign substances such as laitance on the concrete bottom plate to improve the adhesion, and then tack coating is performed. . In this case, the tack coating on the reinforced concrete is different from the RS (C) -4 of KS M 2203 or equal to or higher than that of KS M 2203, in contrast to the good adhesion between the base layer and the surface layer of the asphalt pavement, The material is used to spread evenly so that it does not exceed 0.4 L / m 2, and when the amount of the plaster is excessive, the abrasion of the surface layer and the plastic deformation are promoted.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a reinforced concrete pavement road or a bridge or tunnel section provided in a weak ground condition due to excessive use of calcium chloride for snow removal due to heavy rainfall, The present invention provides a road pavement construction method using waterproof and rustproof impermeable concrete capable of preventing breakage of the upper slab concrete.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a waterproofing material capable of prolonging the durability of reinforced concrete pavement by improving durability such as corrosion of steel bars due to shrinkage cracking, resistance to chlorine ion penetration and abrasion resistance, prevention of carbonation, freezing and melting resistance, It is intended to provide a road paving construction method using an impermeable concrete having a rustproof property.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method of constructing a reinforced concrete pavement by applying impermeable concrete having waterproof and rustproof properties to a reinforced concrete pavement in a weak ground condition, comprising the steps of: (a) (B) forming a hearth at a thickness of 90 cm to 110 cm by using a sandy soil having good permeability on the furnace body formed in the step (a); and (C) forming an in-phase preventing layer at a thickness of 40 cm to 80 cm using a crushed stone having a diameter of 50 mm to 70 mm on the hearth formed in the step (b); (d) (E) forming an auxiliary layer on the auxiliary layer using the rustproofing material on the auxiliary layer formed in step (d); and Impervious concrete layer The impervious concrete used in the step (e) has a cement content of 285 to 315 kg per 1 m 3 of concrete, 169 to 187 kg of water, 774 to 856 kg of fine aggregate, The aggregate 917 to 1,013 kg and the rustproof waterproofing material 11 to 12 kg, and when it is 27 MPa or more, the cement 329 to 363 kg, the water 148 to 164 kg, the fine aggregate 822 to 908 kg, the coarse aggregate 901 to 995 kg, 12 to 13 kg, and the steps (a) to (e) are carried out sequentially.

In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention is a method of paving an upper slab concrete road with waterproof and rust-proof impermeable concrete to an upper slab concrete of a bridge or a tunnel section, (B) performing a tack coating on the impermeable reinforced concrete layer formed in the step (a); and (c) performing a tack coating on the impermeable reinforced concrete layer formed in the step b) forming a modified concrete or asphalt surface layer on the tack coat carried out in step b) to a thickness of 5 to 7 cm, wherein the impervious concrete used in step (a) has a compressive strength of less than 27 MPa It contains 285 ~ 315kg of cement per 1m3, 169 ~ 187kg of water, 774 ~ 856㎏ of fine aggregate, 917 ~ 1,013㎏ of coarse aggregate and 11 ~ 12㎏ of rustproof waterproofing material. The steps (a) to (c) include the steps of (a) to (c), wherein the step (a) Are sequentially executed.

Further, in the road pavement construction method according to the present invention, the rust-inhibitive / waterproofing material may include 38 to 56 parts by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, 5 to 10 parts by weight of silica-fume, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a redispersible powdery resin, 5 to 11 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid metal salt, 1 to 6 parts by weight of a lignin-based high-performance water reducing agent, 18 to 34 parts by weight of a positive electrode type inorganic salt, 10 parts by weight.

In the road pavement construction method according to the present invention, the rust-inhibitive / waterproofing material may include 38 to 56 parts by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, 4 to 8 parts by weight of silica-fume with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rust- 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a redispersible powdery resin, 5 to 11 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid metal salt, 1 to 6 parts by weight of a lignin-based high-performance water reducing agent, 18 to 34 parts by weight of a bipolar inorganic salt, 8 parts by weight of an antioxidant, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of an antioxidant tannin.

In the road pavement construction method according to the present invention, the impervious concrete includes 300 kg of cement, 178 kg of water, 815 kg of fine aggregate, 965 kg of coarse aggregate, and 12 kg of rustproof waterproofing material per 1 m 3 of concrete when the compressive strength is less than 27 MPa, And 346 kg of cement per 1 m 3 of concrete, 156 kg of water, 865 kg of fine aggregate, 948 kg of coarse aggregate, and 13 kg of rustproof waterproofing material.

As described above, according to the road pavement construction method using the waterproof and rustproof impervious concrete according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a crack in the concrete in the reinforced concrete pavement or in the upper slab concrete of the bridge or tunnel section, It is possible to prevent deterioration of corrosion of reinforcing steel due to a large amount of spraying of the reinforcing steel, thereby saving maintenance cost, saving construction resources, and preventing environmental pollution.

In addition, according to the road pavement construction method using the waterproof and rustproof impervious concrete according to the present invention, the concrete can be freeze-thawed due to moisture absorption, carbonation of aggregate, deterioration due to calcium chloride penetration, It is possible to construct an eco-friendly road with high durability.

In addition, according to the road pavement construction method using the waterproof and rustproof impervious concrete according to the present invention, the entire slab of the bridge can be replaced with the impermeable concrete having the waterproofing and rustproofing properties, thereby making the road pavement more economical and durable It is also possible to obtain an effect that can be achieved.

FIG. 1 is a process diagram for explaining a road paving construction process in which impermeable concrete having waterproofing and rustproofing properties is applied to a reinforced concrete pavement in a zone where the ground condition is weak, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process diagram illustrating a road paving construction process in which impermeable concrete having waterproof and rustproofing properties is applied to a bridge upper slab concrete in a bridge or a tunnel section according to another embodiment of the present invention.

These and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 is a process diagram for explaining a road paving construction process in which impermeable concrete having waterproof and rustproofing properties is applied to a reinforced concrete pavement in a section where the ground condition is weak, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method according to one embodiment of the present invention is a road paving construction method in which impermeable concrete having waterproofing and rustproofing properties is applied to a reinforced concrete pavement, Cm < / RTI > to 110 cm, preferably 1 m in thickness (S10).

Subsequently, the hearth is formed to have a thickness of about 90 cm to 110 cm, preferably about 1 m, using sand having good permeability on the furnace body formed in step S10 (S20).

Next, an in-phase preventing layer is formed at a thickness of 40 cm to 80 cm depending on the area using a crushed stone having a diameter of 50 mm to 70 mm on the hearth formed in the step S20 (S30).

Subsequently, an auxiliary layer is formed to a thickness of 15 cm to 25 cm, preferably 20 cm, by using a crushed stone having a diameter of 30 cm to 50 cm on the in-phase preventing layer formed in the step S30 (S40).

Thereafter, an impermeable concrete layer including rustproofing and waterproofing material is formed on the auxiliary substrate layer formed in step S40 (S50).

The impervious concrete used in the step S50 is 285 to 315 kg of cement, 1 to 177 kg of water, 774 to 856 kg of fine aggregate, 917 to 1,013 kg of coarse aggregate, and 1117 to 1,013 kg of rustproofing waterproofing material 11 per 1 m 3 of concrete when the impermeable concrete compressive strength is less than 27 MPa It is preferable to include 329 to 363 kg of cement, 1 to 148 kg of water, 822 to 908 kg of fine aggregate, 901 to 995 kg of coarse aggregate and 12 to 13 kg of rustproof waterproofing material per 1 m 3 of concrete Do.

If the content of the rustproofing and / or waterproofing material is less than 27 MPa, the waterproofing and rustproofing function is lowered if it is less than 11 kg per 1 m 3 of concrete. If it exceeds 12 kg, the compressive strength is lowered. The waterproofing and rustproofing function is deteriorated, and when it exceeds 13 kg, the compressive strength is lowered.

As the AE water reducing agent of the above embodiment, it is preferable to use a water reducing agent of a crude polycarboxylic type, and it is adjustable at the work site according to the aggregate condition and mixing condition.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig.

FIG. 2 is a process diagram illustrating a road paving construction process in which impermeable concrete having waterproof and rustproofing properties is applied to a bridge upper slab concrete in a bridge or a tunnel section according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the method according to another embodiment of the present invention is a road paving construction method in which impermeable concrete having waterproofing and rustproofing properties is applied to an upper slab concrete of a bridge, Impermeable reinforced concrete layer including rustproofing and waterproofing material is formed (S100).

Next, tack coating is performed on the impervious reinforced concrete layer formed in step S100 (S200). Such a tack coating is carried out to adhere the above-described impervious reinforced concrete layer and the following modified concrete or asphalt surface layer to prevent it from escaping.

Next, a modified concrete or an asphalt surface layer is formed on the tack coat performed in step S200 to a thickness of 5 to 7 cm (S300).

The impervious concrete used in the step S100 is 285 to 315 kg of cement per 1 m 3 of concrete, 169 to 187 kg of water, 774 to 856 kg of fine aggregate, 917 to 1,013 kg of coarse aggregate, and 1117 to 1,013 kg of rustproofing waterproofing material 11 It is preferable to include 329 to 363 kg of cement, 1 to 148 kg of water, 822 to 908 kg of fine aggregate, 901 to 995 kg of coarse aggregate and 12 to 13 kg of rustproof waterproofing material per 1 m 3 of concrete Do.

If the content of the rustproofing and / or waterproofing material is less than 27 MPa, the waterproofing and rustproofing function is lowered if it is less than 11 kg per 1 m 3 of concrete. If it exceeds 12 kg, the compressive strength is lowered. The waterproofing and rustproofing function is deteriorated, and when it exceeds 13 kg, the compressive strength is lowered.

As the AE water reducing agent in the above-mentioned other examples, it is preferable to use a water-reducing type polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and it is adjustable at the work site according to the aggregate condition and the mixing condition.

Next, a description will be given of a test example for maintaining the optimal condition for the mixing ratio of the impermeable concrete applied to one embodiment or another embodiment of the present invention.

The inventors of the present invention have found that the compressive strength (fck) of the most used concrete in Korea is based on 24 MPa and 27 MPa. Therefore, in the case of road pavement for vehicular traffic, the reinforcing concrete pavement layer Or roadbed pavement construction method applying impermeable concrete containing waterproofing and rustproofing composition instead of ordinary concrete to the general pavement construction in which the intermediate layer is constructed of reinforced concrete.

The structure of the pavement is technically established, but the optimum stability of the pavement is achieved by minimizing the bearing capacity, ground subsidence, and plastic deformation of the vehicle due to the increase of medium traffic and rapid traffic volume. Packaging technology that can reduce maintenance cost is required. Accordingly, in the present invention, when formed from an impermeable concrete layer containing a waterproof and rustproofing composition, it is possible to provide a waterproof and rustproof concrete composition that is excellent in water resistance, abrasion resistance, freezing and thaw resistance, carbonation resistance, It can prevent deterioration of reinforcing steel corrosion due to heavy spraying, improve freezing and thawing due to water absorption of concrete, carbonation of aggregate, lack of abrasion resistance of concrete surface and so on. Construction method was prepared.

[Test Example 1]

Table 1 below shows the formulation of concrete according to Test Example 1 of the present invention.

In Test Example 1, as shown in Table 1, impervious concrete applied to the present invention was applied at a pressure of 24 MPa when the impermeable concrete compressive strength (fck) was less than 27 MPa, and 285 to 315 kg of cement per 1 m 3 of concrete, 169 , The amount of each component was adjusted within the range of 187 kg, the fine aggregate of 774 to 856 kg and the coarse aggregate of 917 to 1,013 kg, the rustproofing waterproofing material was set to 10.0 kg, the AE water reducing agent was set to 0.001 (C x%) , Slump (80 ± 10) ㎜, and air content of 4 ~ 5% were tested for resistance to chlorine ion penetration, imperviousness, abrasion, freezing and thawing, and resistance to carbonation.

In Table 1, W represents water, C represents cement, S represents fine aggregate (sand), and a represents aggregate (sum of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate). W / C represents cement And S / a represents the ratio of fine aggregate to total aggregate. The specific gravity of the fine aggregate used in Table 1 is 2.63 and the specific gravity of the coarse aggregate is 2.6. As can be seen from Table 1, the impervious concrete according to the present invention contains 300 kg of cement, 174 kg of water, 815 kg of fine aggregate, and 965 kg of coarse aggregate per 1 m 3 of concrete in terms of W / C and S / a (Test concrete 103) was found to be optimal.

Therefore, for the test concrete 103 in Table 1, the resistance to chlorine ion penetration, the resistance to accelerated corrosion test, the impermeability (waterproof property), the abrasion resistance, the resistance to freezing and thawing, .

1. Testing chlorine ion penetration resistance

The evaluation of the diffusion coefficient of harmful ions such as chloride ions in concrete can be used as important data for predicting the life of existing structures or determining the optimum maintenance period as well as selecting the materials and formulations for securing durability of concrete structures. However, the chloride penetration and diffusion characteristics in concrete are not only complicated due to mechanisms such as diffusion, permeation and absorption depending on the environment in which the structure is located, There are many difficulties. ASTM C 1202, NT Build 492 and NT Build 443 test methods can be applied to determine chloride penetration resistance and diffusion characteristics of concrete using environmentally friendly synthetic composition PPS.

The performance criteria of KS are as follows.

That is, the concrete durability that can effectively cope with the deterioration environment of the structure constructed according to the KS F-4926 quality regulation of the Korean industry standard and the waterproof property to prevent permeation of water and moisture according to the use environment conditions of the building Item quality should be more than the standard.

a) Preparation and curing of test specimens

Mortar was mixed according to KS F 5109 (mechanical mixing method of hydraulic cement paste and mortar) with the mass ratio of cement and sand in the mortar combination being 1: 2.45, and the flow tester of KS L 5111 (flow table for cement test) And the flow rate of the reference and test mortar is 200 to 215 mm. The amount of waterproofing material is 3.75% of the amount of cement. Mix the cement, waterproofing material and sand together with the water in the mixer.

According to the KS F-4926 quality regulation, the water absorption performance test specimen is made of mortar and the specimen is prepared by mixing the waterproofing material on the basis of the above-mentioned cement and sand blending ratio. The specimen frame shall be made of metal or plastic material with an inner diameter of 150mm and inner height of 40mm, and the inner surface shall be smoothed smoothly. Molding is done by tamping each layer about 80 times with a tamper for the cement flow test of 3.7 (tamper) of KS L 5105 (compressive strength test method of hydraulic cement mortar). The curing is carried out in a humidity chamber at a temperature of 20 ± 3 ° C and a humidity of 80% or more for 24 hours after the test piece is molded. After that, demineralize and cure in water of temperature 20 ± 2 ℃ until 19th of August. After curing, remove the laitance on both sides of the test specimen and dry it for at least 8 days until it reaches a constant amount (standard value) at a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C and a relative humidity of 65 ± 5%. The size of the test specimen shall be 100mm x 100mm x 100mm.

b) Test and evaluation methods

The sample was immersed in a 2.5% aqueous solution of sodium chloride specified in ISO 6353-2 (chemical analysis reagent) (R32) at 20 ± 2 ° C for 7 days, dried at room temperature for 24 hours, A 0.1 N aqueous solution of silver nitrate is sprayed on the cross section of the test piece, and a 1% aqueous solution of uranine is sprayed successively to measure the depth of the three colored portions on one surface. For each of the three test specimens, the depth of the color-developed part is measured, and the average value of the nine measured values is obtained to obtain the chloride penetration depth.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test according to the above conditions, the chlorine ion penetration resistance of KS F 4926 (concrete admixture for concrete admixture) was 2.7 mm, and it satisfied the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less according to the KS performance standard described in Table 2 Performance.

2. Reinforcement corrosion test (rust prevention)

Among the concrete of KS F 2561 (rustproofing agent for reinforced concrete), the rust corrosion resistance test is performed by using an autoclave tester. The apparatus shall be capable of maintaining a saturated vapor pressure of at least about 180 ° C or a pressure of about 1.0 MPa for at least 5 hours.

a) Preparation and curing of test specimens

For the test specimen, insert two Ø100mm × 200mm molds with Ø13mm of rounded Ø13mm with a suitable spacer so that the coating thickness is 20mm. Type of specimens 9 specimens are to be prepared, each of 3 specimens with no added 0.04% salinity, 0.2% saline, 0.2% sodium chloride and 0.2% sodium chloride depending on the percentage of salinity to the fine aggregate in concrete.

Concrete shall be of a composition satisfying the conditions of Table 3 using the materials of the above conditions.

The specimen shall be demolded at 3 days of age and cured at a temperature of (20 ± 3) ° C in a plastic bag until no later than 7 days of age.

b) Test and evaluation methods

After curing, the specimen is placed in an autoclave and sealed. After 3 to 4 hours, the temperature is raised to about 180 ° C and the pressure is raised to about 1.0 MPa.

After about 24 hours from the start of the autoclave, the test piece is taken out and immersed in water (20 ± 3) ° C. for about 24 hours.

After the test piece is removed after about 24 hours from the start of the second autoclave, the test piece is separated and the reinforcing bars are removed.

The area of the corrosion area of the reinforcing bars is measured by a suitable method in which a transparent sheet is placed on the surface of the reinforcing bars at a distance of 80 mm from the center of the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing bars to a total of 160 mm.

The rusting rate is calculated by the following formula.

I = (? P _0.2 -? I _0.2 ) 100 /? P _0.2

Here, I is an anti-corrosive rate (%), ΣP _0.2 is reinforced six total corroded area (㎟) of P _{0.2, 0.2} ΣI is reinforced six total corroded area (㎟) I of _0.2.

c) Test result

As shown in Table 1, the impermeable concrete including the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had a rust-inhibiting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the reinforcing corrosion test of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete detergent) Was confirmed.

3. Impermeability (waterproof) test

a) Preparation and curing of test specimens

KS F 4926 (Waterproofing material for concrete admixture) According to the test standard, the mass ratio of cement and sand in the standard mortar mixture was set to 1: 2.45, and the specimen was made to have a flow value of 200 to 215 mm in both standard and test mortar. The amount of waterproofing and rustproofing composition used was 3.5% of the amount of cement, and the size of the test specimen was Ø150 mm × 40 mm conical specimen at 20 ℃ in a constant temperature room.

b) Test and evaluation methods

The watertightness and the permeability of the test specimen with the waterproof and rustproofing composition were controlled by the method of measuring pressure with a pressure gauge using a pressure reducing system at 0.3MPa (30m head) and 0.5MPa (50m head) Respectively. The total pressurization time was 12 hours. The hydraulic pressure was continuously applied and the permeability ratio and depth of penetration were measured as follows.

That is, as a result of 12-hour test under high-pressure conditions, the depth of penetration of general mortar was found to be 39.4 to 39.8 mm at 0.3 MPa (head 30 m) and 0.5 MPa (head 50 m), but the test specimen including the rust- 13.2 ~ 16.0㎜ penetrated the concrete mortar, and it was confirmed that it is about 3 times more waterproof than the standard mortar.

Therefore, it is confirmed that the waterproof and rustproof impermeable concrete according to the present invention can be used for impervious concrete pavement.

4. Testing of abrasion resistance

The abrasion resistance test using the rustproofing material according to the present invention is a standard test method for the surface abrasion resistance of the floor concrete according to the ASTM C779 Measuring Abrasion Resistance (B Type), and is a steel ball bearing Three specimens of 300 mm × 300 mm concrete were prepared and tested at 28 ± 28 ℃ after 28 days of water curing at 23 ± 2 ℃.

As a result of the test, although the average wear resistance of ordinary concrete without rustproofing waterproofing material was 0.54 mm on average, the present invention with the rustproofing waterproofing material according to Test Example 1 had an average wear resistance of 0.19 mm and was less abrasion resistance than concrete without rustproofing waterproofing material 3 times higher than that of the control.

5. Test of freeze-thaw resistance

The resistance test for freezing and thawing is carried out according to KS F 2456 (Concrete Resistance Test Method for Rapid Freezing and Thawing) and the relative dynamic elasticity coefficient is obtained. The number of test specimens was 5, and the maximum and minimum values of the relative dynamic modulus of 300 cycles of freezing and thawing were discarded. The mean value of the remaining three measurements was used as the relative dynamic modulus of the concrete. The strength was measured. The quality condition of relative dynamic modulus is more than 80% and the quality condition of compressive strength ratio is more than 80%.

As a result of the measurement, according to Test Example 1, the present invention, to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added, satisfied the quality requirement of freeze-thaw resistance, with a relative dynamic elasticity modulus of 84.2% and a compressive strength ratio of 86.5%.

6. Test for resistance to carbonation

The method of manufacturing the concrete specimen shall be in accordance with KS F 2584 (Promotional carbonation test method of concrete). The specimens were dried for 24 hours at room temperature, and then placed in the accelerated carbonation tester. The CO ₂ concentration was adjusted to (5 ± 0.2)% and accelerated for 56 days. Carbonated. After that, take out the specimen and measure the total carbonation depth of the specimen. The mean value of the carbonation depth of each test body is averaged to obtain the carbonation depth, and the carbonation depth ratio is obtained from the following formula.

Carbonation depth ratio = carbonation depth of test concrete (㎜) / carbonation depth of reference concrete (㎜)

The quality standard of carbonation depth is 0.8 or less.

As a result of the measurement, according to the present invention to which the rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 1, the carbonation depth was 0.75 and satisfied the quality standard of carbonation depth.

[Test Example 2]

Table 4 shows the formulation of the concrete according to Test Example 2 of the present invention.

In Test Example 2, the amount of the unit material used and the amount of the AE water reducing material used were the same as in Test Example 1, and the amount of the rustproofing and waterproofing material was increased to 11 kg.

Test Concrete 113 in Table 4 was tested in the same manner as in Test Example 1. 1. Chloride ion penetration resistance, 2. Reinforcing corrosion test (rustproofing property), 3. Impermeability (waterproof property), 4. Wear resistance, 5. Frost- , 6. Carbonation resistance was tested.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test on the test concrete 113, it was found that the resistance to penetration of chlorine ion of KS F 4926 (waterproofing material for concrete admixture) was 2.6 mm and satisfied the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less.

In Test Example 2 as in Test Example 1, impervious concrete containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had a rust-inhibiting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the corrosion accelerated test of reinforcing steel among the concrete of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete for reinforced concrete) And the test piece containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material according to Test Example 2 penetrated 13.2 ~ 16.0 mm and showed a water resistance of about 3 times as compared with the standard mortar .

In addition, although the average abrasion resistance of ordinary concrete without added rustproofing waterproofing material was 0.54 mm on average, the present invention with the rustproofing waterproofing material according to Test Example 2 had an average abrasion resistance of 0.16 mm and had abrasion resistance nearly equal to that of concrete not containing rustproofing waterproofing material Times more than the other.

As a result of measurement for the resistance to freezing and thawing, the present invention to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 2 has a relative dynamic elasticity modulus of 84.9% and a compressive strength ratio of 87.1% And satisfied the quality condition of 80% or more which is the quality condition of the compression strength ratio.

As a result of the measurement of the resistance to carbonation, the present invention having added the rustproofing and waterproofing material according to Test Example 2 satisfied the quality standard of the carbonation depth of 0.70 and the carbonation depth depth of 0.8 or less.

[Test Example 3]

Table 5 shows the formulation of the concrete according to Test Example 3 of the present invention.

In Test Example 3, the amount of the unit material used and the amount of the AE reducing material used were the same as in Table 1, and the amount of the rustproofing waterproofing material was increased to 12 kg.

Test Concrete 123 of Table 5 was tested in the same manner as in Test Example 1. 1. Chloride ion penetration resistance, 2. Reinforcing corrosion test (rustproofing property), 3. Impermeability (waterproof property), 4. Wear resistance, 5. Frost- , 6. Carbonation resistance was tested.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test on the test concrete 123, it was found that the chlorine ion penetration resistance of KS F 4926 (waterproofing material for concrete admixture) was 2.8 mm, which satisfied the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less.

In Test Example 3 as in Test Example 1, impervious concrete containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had a rust-inhibiting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the corrosion acceleration test of reinforcing bars among the concrete of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete detergent for concrete) And the test piece containing the rustproofing material according to Test Example 3 penetrated from 13.2 to 16.0 mm and exhibited a water resistance of about 3 times as much as the standard mortar .

In addition, although the average wear resistance of the ordinary concrete without the rustproofing waterproofing material was 0.54 mm on average, the present invention with the rustproofing waterproofing material according to Test Example 3 had an abrasion resistance of 0.18 mm on average and the abrasion resistance of the concrete was 3 times Or more.

As a result of measurement for the resistance to freezing and thawing, the present invention in which a rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 3 has a relative dynamic elasticity modulus of 84.4% and a compressive strength ratio of 86.8% And satisfied the quality condition of 80% or more which is the quality condition of the compression strength ratio.

As a result of the measurement of the resistance to carbonation, the present invention, to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 2, satisfied the quality standard of the carbonation depth of 0.72 and the carbonation depth depth of 0.8 or less.

[Test Example 4]

Table 6 below shows a blend table of concrete according to Test Example 4 of the present invention.

In Test Example 4, the amount of the unit material used and the amount of the AE reducing material used were the same as in Table 1, and the amount of the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material was increased to 13 kg.

Test Concrete 133 in Table 5 was tested in the same manner as in Test Example 1. 1. Chloride ion penetration resistance, 2. Reinforcing corrosion test (rustproofing property), 3. Impermeability (waterproof property), 4. Wear resistance, 5. Freeze & , 6. Carbonation resistance was tested.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test of the test concrete 133, it was found that KS F 4926 (waterproofing material for concrete admixture) had a chlorine ion penetration resistance of 2.9 mm and a performance satisfying the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less.

In Test Example 4 as in Test Example 1, impervious concrete containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had an anti-rusting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the reinforcing corrosion test of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete detergent) And the test piece containing the rustproofing material according to Test Example 4 penetrated from 13.2 to 16.0 mm and exhibited a water resistance of about 3 times as much as that of ordinary mortar .

In addition, although the average wear resistance of ordinary concrete without rustproofing waterproofing agent was 0.54 mm on average, according to Test Example 4, the present invention to which rustproofing and waterproofing agent was added had an abrasion resistance of 0.20 mm on average and was twice as abrasive as concrete without rustproofing waterproofing agent Or more.

As a result of measurement for the resistance to freezing and thawing, the present invention to which the rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 3 has a relative dynamic elasticity modulus of 83.9% and a compressive strength ratio of 86.2% And satisfied the quality condition of 80% or more which is the quality condition of the compression strength ratio.

As a result of the measurement of the resistance to carbonation, the present invention in which the rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 2 satisfied the quality standard of the carbonation depth of 0.74 and the carbonation depth depth of 0.8 or less.

As can be seen from the above Test Examples 1 to 4, when the content of the rust-preventive and waterproofing material was 11 kg, the resistance to chlorine ion penetration, the freeze-thaw resistance and the carbonation resistance were the most excellent. Ion permeation resistance and relative dynamic modulus of elasticity were decreased. That is, according to the test as described above, it can be seen that by simply increasing the content of the rustproofing and / or waterproofing material, the properties such as resistance to chlorine ion penetration and freeze-thaw resistance are not improved.

Therefore, when the impervious concrete compressive strength (fck) is less than 27 MPa, it is most preferable that the content of the rust-preventive and waterproofing material according to the present invention is 11 to 12 kg.

[Test Example 5]

Table 7 below shows the formulation of the concrete according to Test Example 5 of the present invention.

In Test Example 5, as shown in Table 7, 27 MPa was applied to impervious concrete applied to the present invention in case of impervious concrete having a compressive strength (fck) of 27 MPa or more, 329 to 363 kg of cement per 1 m 3 of concrete, The waterproofing material is set to 11.0 kg, the AE water reducing agent is set to 0.05 (C x%), the water content is set to 10.0 kg, the AE water reducing agent is set to 0.05 (C x%), Slurry (80 ± 10) ㎜, and air content of 4 ~ 5% were tested for resistance to chlorine ion penetration, imperviousness, abrasion, freezing and thawing, and resistance to carbonation.

In Table 7, W denotes water, C denotes cement, S denotes fine aggregate (sand), and a denotes aggregate (sum of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate), and W / C denotes cement And S / a represents the ratio of fine aggregate to total aggregate. The specific gravity of the fine aggregate used in Table 7 is 2.63 and the specific gravity of the coarse aggregate is 2.6. As shown in Table 7, the impervious concrete according to the present invention contains 346 kg of cement, 156 kg of water, 865 kg of fine aggregate, and 967 kg of coarse aggregate per 1 m 3 of concrete in terms of W / C and S / a (Test concrete 203) was found to be optimal.

Therefore, in the same manner as Test Example 1 described above with respect to Test Concrete 203 in Table 7, it was confirmed that 1. resistance to chlorine ion penetration, 2. reinforcement corrosion promotion test (rustproofing property), 3. impermeability (waterproof property), 4. abrasion resistance, Melting resistance, and 6. carbonation resistance.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test on the test concrete 203, it was found that the resistance against chlorine ion penetration of KS F 4926 (waterproofing material for concrete admixture) was 2.9 mm, which satisfied the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less.

In Test Example 5 as in Test Example 1, impervious concrete containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had an anti-rusting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the corrosion promotion test of reinforcing steel among the concrete of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete detergent for concrete) And the test piece containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material according to Test Example 5 penetrated from 13.2 to 16.0 mm and showed a water resistance of about 3 times as compared with the standard mortar .

In addition, although the average wear resistance of the ordinary concrete without the rustproofing waterproofing material was 0.54 mm on average, the present invention with the rustproofing waterproofing material according to Test Example 5 had an average wear resistance of 0.21 mm and an abrasion resistance twice as high as that of the concrete without the rustproofing waterproofing material Or more.

As a result of the measurement of the freeze-thaw resistance, the present invention to which the rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 2 has a relative dynamic elasticity modulus of 85.2% and a compressive strength ratio of 87.5% And satisfied the quality condition of 80% or more which is the quality condition of the compression strength ratio.

As a result of the measurement of the resistance to carbonation, the present invention, to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 5, satisfied the quality standard of the carbonation depth of 0.75 and the carbonation depth depth of 0.8 or less.

[Test Example 6]

Table 8 below shows the formulation of the concrete according to Test Example 6 of the present invention.

In Test Example 6, the amount of the unit material used and the amount of the AE water reducing material used were the same as in Test Example 5, and the amount of the rustproofing and waterproofing material was increased to 12 kg.

Test Concrete 213 of Table 8 was tested for resistance to chlorine ion penetration, 2. Reinforcing corrosion test (rustproofing property), 3. Impermeability (waterproof property), 4. Wear resistance, 5. Resistance to freezing and thawing , 6. Carbonation resistance was tested.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test on the test concrete 213, it was found that the resistance to penetration of chloride ion of KS F 4926 (waterproofing material for concrete admixture) was 2.9 mm, which satisfied the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less.

In Test Example 6 as in Test Example 5, the impermeable concrete containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had a rust-inhibiting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the corrosion promotion test of reinforcing steel among the concrete of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete detergent for concrete) And the test piece containing the rustproofing and rustproofing material according to Test Example 6 penetrated 13.2 to 16.0 mm and showed a water resistance of about 3 times that of the general mortar .

In addition, although the average wear resistance of ordinary concrete without rustproofing waterproofing material was 0.54 mm on average, the present invention with the rustproofing waterproofing material according to Test Example 6 had an abrasion resistance of 0.19 mm on average and had abrasion resistance three times Or more.

As a result of measurement for the resistance to freezing and thawing, the present invention, to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 6, has a relative dynamic elasticity modulus of 85.5% and a compressive strength ratio of 87.9% And satisfied the quality condition of 80% or more which is the quality condition of the compression strength ratio.

As a result of the measurement of the resistance to carbonation, the present invention, to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 6, satisfied the quality standard of the carbonation depth of 0.74 and the carbonation depth of 0.8 or less.

[Test Example 7]

Table 9 below shows the formulation of the concrete according to Test Example 7 of the present invention.

In Test Example 7, the amount of the unit material used and the amount of the AE water reducing material used were the same as in Test Example 5, and the amount of the rustproofing waterproofing material was increased to 13 kg.

Also, the test concrete 223 of Table 9 was tested in the same manner as in Test Example 5, 1. Chloride ion penetration resistance, 2. Reinforcing corrosion test (rustproofing property), 3. Impermeability (waterproof property), 4. Wear resistance, , 6. Carbonation resistance was tested.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test on the test concrete 223, it was found that the resistance against chlorine ion penetration of KS F 4926 (waterproofing material for concrete admixture) was 2.7 mm, which satisfied the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less.

In Test Example 7 as in Test Example 5, impervious concrete containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had an anti-rusting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the corrosion acceleration test of reinforcing steel among the concrete of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete detergent for concrete) And the test piece containing the rustproofing and rustproofing material according to Test Example 7 penetrated 13.2 to 16.0 mm and showed a water resistance of about 3 times as compared with the standard mortar .

In addition, although the average wear resistance of ordinary concrete without rustproofing waterproofing material was 0.54 mm on average, the present invention with the rustproofing and waterproofing material according to Test Example 7 had an average wear resistance of 0.17 mm and an abrasion resistance of 3 times Or more.

As a result of measurement for the resistance to freezing and thawing, the present invention to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 7 has a relative dynamic elasticity modulus of 85.9% and a compressive strength ratio of 88.1% And satisfied the quality condition of 80% or more which is the quality condition of the compression strength ratio.

As a result of the measurement of the resistance to carbonation, the present invention having the rustproofing and waterproofing material added according to Test Example 7 satisfied the quality standard of the carbonation depth of 0.73 and the carbonation depth of 0.8 or less.

[Test Example 8]

Table 10 below shows the formulation of the concrete according to Test Example 8 of the present invention.

In Test Example 8, the amount of the unit material used and the amount of the AE water reducing material used were the same as in Test Example 5, and the amount of the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material was increased to 14 kg.

The test concrete 233 shown in Table 10 was tested in the same manner as in Test Example 5 except for the following: 1. Chloride ion penetration resistance, 2. Reinforcing corrosion test (rustproofing property), 3. Impermeability (waterproof property), 4. Wear resistance, , 6. Carbonation resistance was tested.

As a result of the chlorine ion penetration resistance test of the test concrete 233, it was found that the resistance against chlorine ion penetration of KS F 4926 (waterproofing material for concrete admixture) was 2.8 mm and satisfied the quality standard of penetration depth of 3.0 mm or less.

In Test Example 8 as in Test Example 5, the impermeable concrete containing the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material of the present invention had a rust-inhibiting rate of 96.8%, and the quality standard of the reinforcing corrosion test of KS F 2561 (reinforcing concrete detergent) And the test piece containing the rustproofing material according to Test Example 8 penetrated from 13.2 to 16.0 mm and showed a water resistance of about 3 times as much as the standard mortar .

In addition, although the average wear resistance of ordinary concrete without rustproofing waterproofing material was 0.54 mm on average, the present invention to which rustproofing waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 8 had an abrasion resistance of 0.18 mm on average and had abrasion resistance three times Or more.

As a result of measurement for the resistance to freezing and thawing, the present invention, to which rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 8, has a relative dynamic modulus of 85.3% and a compressive strength ratio of 87.0% And satisfied the quality condition of 80% or more which is the quality condition of the compression strength ratio.

As a result of the measurement of the resistance to carbonation, according to the present invention to which the rustproofing and waterproofing material was added according to Test Example 8, the carbonation depth was 0.72 and the quality standard of the carbonation depth of 0.8 or less was satisfied.

As can be seen from the above Test Examples 5 to 8, when the content of the rust-preventive and waterproofing material is 12 kg, it has the best chlorine ion penetration resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and abrasion resistance, and when the content of the rust- Was excellent. That is, according to the test as described above, it can be seen that by simply increasing the content of the rustproofing and / or waterproofing material, the properties such as resistance to chlorine ion penetration and freeze-thaw resistance are not improved.

Therefore, when the impermeable concrete compressive strength (fck) is 27 MPa or more, it is most preferable that the content of the rust-preventive and waterproofing material according to the present invention is 12 to 13 kg.

Next, the components of the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material applied to the present invention will be described.

The rustproofing and waterproofing agent applied to the QHS invention may be a concrete rustproofing and waterproofing material composition for concrete admixture disclosed in the patent document 2 filed and registered by the present applicant.

That is, in one embodiment or another embodiment according to the present invention, the rust-inhibitive waterproofing agent is blended with 100 parts by weight of the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material, 38 to 56 parts by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, silica-fume ), 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a redispersible powdery resin, 5 to 11 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid metal salt, 1 to 6 parts by weight of a lignin-based high-performance water reducing agent, 18 to 34 parts by weight of a bipolar inorganic salt, metakaolin, or 38 to 56 parts by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, 4 to 8 parts by weight of silica-fume with respect to 100 parts by weight of the composition, 1 to 6 parts by weight of a lignin-based high-performance water reducing agent, 18 to 34 parts by weight of a positive electrode type inorganic salt, 4 to 8 parts by weight of metakaolin, Preferably it comprises 1 to 5 parts by weight of tannin agent.

More preferably, the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material is a mixture of 43.27% by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, 25.63% by weight of an anionic inorganic salt, 7.4% by weight of silica fume, 4.6% by weight of a redispersible powdery resin, 7.7% by weight of a higher fatty acid metal salt, Or a mixture of the above-mentioned rust-inhibitive water-repellent material with 43.27% by weight of blast furnace slag, 25.63% by weight of an anionic inorganic salt, 6.4% by weight of silica fume, 4.6% by weight of a redispersible powdery resin, 7.7% 4 wt% of lignin sulfonate, 6.4 wt% of meta kaolin, and 2 wt% of tannin.

The rugged waterproofing material applied to the upper bridge slab concrete or the reinforced concrete pavement according to the present invention has high compatibility with chemical admixture when it is added at the time of concrete production, and workability is improved, and water-tight concrete hardened material and water resistant It is possible to increase water resistance and rustproofing property of concrete by generating hydrated structure, increase initial strength by reaction of highly reactive metakaolin, obtain abrasion resistance, sufficient waterproofing and rust prevention performance.

Each component of the composition of the rust-preventive and waterproofing material will be described.

Pozzolan is a fine powder with amorphous silica with high activity. It is not hydraulic in itself but reacts with Ca (OH) ₂ produced in the hydration reaction of cement when bound to cement, Calcium silicate hydrate (CaO-SiO ₂ -nH ₂ O). This reaction is called pozzolanic reaction. The calcium silicate hydrate produced through the pozzolanic reaction improves the watertightness of concrete and exhibits high strength in long-term ages and improves the concrete quality such as improvement of concrete fluidity, reduction of hydration heat, inhibition of alkali aggregate reaction, and improvement of resistance to sulfate .

The silica admixture having the pozzolanic activity can be selected from those generally used in the art, and examples thereof include natural silicates such as silicate white soil, volcanic ash, diatomaceous earth, tuff, And artificial ones selected from fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, calcined clay, calcined shale, and the like can be used.

In the present invention, blast furnace slag and silica-fume having pozzolanic activity are used.

The blast furnace slag is produced as a by-product in the production of pig iron in a blast furnace (blast furnace), and a blast furnace slag of glassy quality (amorphous) is obtained by adding a large amount of pressurized water to the blast furnace slag in a molten state to quench the blast furnace slag. Generally, blast furnace slag refers to blast furnace slag. A ground granulated blast furnace slag is obtained by dry-milling blast furnace slag and adding an alkali stimulant if necessary. Blast furnace slag to be produced in our country is the specific surface area of about _{4,000 ~ 5,000㎠ / g, SiO 2} , Al 2 O 3, CaO, 4 MgO component of the accounts for about 97%, calcium (CaO) 40% or less oxidized, It stipulates a magnesium oxide (MgO) 10% or less, and iron oxide (FeO) the composition of the constituent oxides of the not more than 5% or less, and smoke also _{(basicity, CaO / SiO 2)} 2.0.

Blast furnace slag is a useful latent hydraulic material and the hydrate generated by the reaction of blast furnace slag with calcium hydroxide is chemically more stable and denser than the hydrate produced by hydration of cement only and the hardened structure becomes more dense and more active than silica fume The amount of cement can be reduced. Due to the densification of the concrete pore structure, the resistance to carbon dioxide penetration is increased, so the resistance to carbonation is improved, the salt resistance and abrasion resistance of concrete are excellent, and the intensity manifesting in the short term period exceeds that of crude steel cement. And the like.

Fly ash is recovered by a dust collector of coal ash contained in waste gas discharged from high temperature combustion process at about 1400 ℃ by using pulverized coal as a fuel in combustion boiler of thermal power plant and the main component is silica and alumina. The fly ash usually has a specific surface area of 3000 to 4500 cm 2 / g, a specific gravity of 1.9 to 2.3, and a particle size of about 1 to 150 μm.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the blast furnace slag is used in a range of 38 to 56 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the blast-furnace slag or ply-resistant rust-inhibitive waterproofing material.

In addition, silica fume is an ultrafine particle by-product produced by suspending a silicon alloy such as silicon or ferrosilicon in an exhaust gas when it is produced in an electric furnace, and its main component is amorphous silica. The silica fume typically has a specific gravity of about 2.2, and most of the particles have a size of about 1 mu m or less and an average of about 0.1 mu m, and a specific surface area of about 200,000 cm < 2 > / g.

In the present invention, silica-fume is applied in an amount of 4 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

The redispersible powder resin is dispersed stably when added to water, and forms an irreversible polymer film that does not dissolve in water after drying or curing. That is, when the concrete is manufactured, the cement gel is uniformly dispersed in the cement paste to form the cement gel by cement hydration, and at the same time, the polymer particles are deposited on the cement gel surface to form an insoluble film or fill the capillary, . Therefore, it increases the bending strength of the member, prevents the crack caused by the shrinkage of the cement, and acts as a binder in the drying or curing process of the cement, thereby increasing the adhesion to the organic and inorganic substrates, and the abrasion resistance and flexibility of the cement mortar.

Examples of the redispersible powder resin include vinyl acetate homopolymers, vinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers, and styrene-acrylate copolymers, which are commonly used in the production of waterproofing compositions. Copolymer) or an ethylene / vinyl laurate / vinyl chloride terpolymer (ethylene / vinyl laurate / vinyl chloride terpolymer).

In the present invention, the redispersible powdery resin is preferably used in a range of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rustproofing and / or waterproofing material.

The higher fatty acid metal salt used in the present invention reacts with soluble calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) generated by the hydration reaction of the cement to form a higher fatty acid calcium having a high water repellency by bonding with a fatty acid group in the hydroxyl group, Therefore, it acts to reduce the absorption of water by the capillary in the concrete.

As the higher fatty acid metal salt, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, ammonium stearate, calcium oleate, aluminum oleate and butyl stearate may be used, and the amount thereof may be added within a range that is generally used in the production of a rustproofing and waterproofing composition .

In the present invention, the higher fatty acid metal salt is preferably used in a range of 5 to 11 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the rust-inhibitive waterproofing material. If the amount of the higher fatty acid metal salt is less than 5 parts by weight, the higher fatty acid may not exhibit the waterproofing effect. If the amount of the higher fatty acid metal salt is higher than 11 parts by weight, the emulsification due to the increase in viscosity may be difficult. .

In addition, concrete is composed of cement, aggregate, chemical admixture and water. In order to reduce manufacturing cost and improve performance, chemical admixture (air entraining agent, water reducing agent, high performance water reducing agent) Used for strength improvement. Most of the chemical admixtures for concrete are surfactants such as lignin sulphonate, naphthalene sulphonate, melamine sulphonate, and poly carboxylic copolymer. However, when a water-repellent agent such as a melamine-based or naphthalene-based waterproofing agent is used in the concrete waterproofing composition, there is a problem that the slump is remarkably reduced and workability is deteriorated because of incompatibility with the concrete material. In order to solve this problem, the present invention uses a lignin sulphonate-based high-performance water reducing agent which is compatible with all chemical admixtures and improves the dispersibility of cement. In the present invention, 1 to 6 parts by weight of the high-performance water reducing agent is added to 100 parts by weight of the waterproof and rust-preventive composition.

Meta-kaolin is a mineral admixture used in the concrete construction industry as a new admixture with similar performance to silica fume by activating kaolin and dehydrating the number of intercalation and intercalation in the kaolin. When mixed with concrete, the material reacts with calcium hydroxide in the concrete to cause a pozzolan reaction. The characteristic of meta kaolin is similar to that of silica fume and its performance is much compared.

Kaolinate ', a mineralogical term that can be applied to kaolin clay, is a hydrated aluminum di-silicate that is mostly composed of kaolin, usually defined as mineral. The kaolin minerals have a basic chemical formula of [Al ₂ SiO ₂ O ₅ (OH) ₄ ] or [Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ .2H ₂ O], belonging to the same group of kaolinite, kaolinite, nacrite ), Dickite, and halloysite. Of these, the basic composition of the halloysite is kaolinite and other anomalies, but it contains excess water [Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ .4H ₂ O ], And the crystallinity is low. The interlaminar water of the halosite is dehydrated by weak heating, so very careful when preparing test samples. The endothermic peak near 600 ° C is due to the dehydration of crystalline water by entering a crystal lattice in the form of an OH group. As a result of this reaction, kaolin group minerals are converted into a meta group represented by the formula [Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ ] It turns into kaolin (meta-kaolin). The heat of reaction due to this dehydration is about 136 cal / gr. The temperature at which the endothermic peak starts is 500 to 530 ° C. The peak of the peak differs depending on the kind of mineral. The metahaloysite is about 570 ° C, and in the case of kaolinite it is about 600 ° C, but when the crystalinity is low, it is lowered to 570 ° C.

Kaolin is calcined on the basis of the hot reaction to produce meta kaolin. The preparation process is similar to a general ceramic production process. First, the raw material is pulverized after the feedstock is firstly dried, and then calcined in a rotary kiln. The clinker produced is then pulverized by controlling the particle size distribution. If it is not possible to precisely control these factors such as firing time, firing temperature, particle size distribution, and ingredient composition, it is difficult to obtain a uniform product metakaolin. In particular, meta-kaolin used in concrete should have pozzolanic characteristics. In order to have the properties of these materials, kaolin should be dehydrated almost completely without overheating if possible.

Meta-kaolin may vary slightly in chemistry depending on the kaolin minerals in the region where it is made, and its color is also white and light yellow. These color differences vary depending on the minor constituents involved, mainly due to the Fe ₂ O ₃ component. The main components are SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O _3, and the theoretical ratio of S / A is about 1.18. In the case of meta-kaolin produced domestically, since it is made from the kaolin of the halloysite quality, the content of the Fe ₂ O ₃ component is slightly higher than the other, and it is light yellow. In the present invention, 5 to 10 parts by weight of meta kaolin is added to 100 parts by weight of the waterproof and rust-preventive composition.

The bipolar inorganic salt acts as a corrosion inhibitor to prevent the corrosion of reinforcing bars and steel materials even if a relatively small amount is used without affecting the concrete. As the positive electrode-type inorganic salt, calcium nitrite or sodium nitrite is preferably used. In the present invention, 18 to 34 parts by weight are included in 100 parts by weight of the waterproof and rust-preventive composition.

If the content of the positive electrode inorganic salt is less than 18 parts by weight, sufficient corrosion inhibiting effect of the reinforcing bar is not obtained, and thus the deterioration of concrete performance is not prevented. When the content of the positive electrode inorganic salt exceeds 34 parts by weight, The workability is lowered. Therefore, it is preferable to add the positive electrode type inorganic salt within the above range.

In the present invention, tannin may be contained as an antioxidant. When tannin, an antioxidant, is added, the hydroxyl group of tannin binds to the calcium salt of calcium silicate hydrate (CaO-SiO ₂ -nH ₂ O) generated by the hydration reaction of cement, so that the carbonic acid gas and calcium silicate hydrate The carbonation reaction is interrupted and the hydroxyl group is bonded to the carbonated carbonated carbonate to maintain the pH of the concrete in the alkaline state, thereby effectively suppressing concrete carbonation and preventing corrosion of steel reinforcing bars.

In another embodiment of the present invention, tannin as an antioxidant is contained in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the waterproof and rust-preventive composition. When tannin is contained in an amount of less than 1 part by weight, sufficient antioxidant effect is not obtained, which is undesirable from the viewpoint of preventing performance deterioration of concrete. If the amount exceeds 5 parts by weight, no further improved effect can be obtained. It is preferable to add tannin as an inhibitor.

The characteristics of the concrete using the meta kaolin applied to the present invention are as follows.

The use of meta kaolin as a method of reducing the compressive strength of concrete at the early age of concrete using fly ash and slag, but the silica fume used in the concrete waterproofing material of the present applicant's patent No. 10-0356254 has a high pozzolanic reaction Due to its large specific surface area properties, it improves the mechanical performance and chemical resistance of the concrete. As a new admixture with similar properties to silica fume, the use of meta kaolin with silica fume results in a reduction in the compressive strength of early age and improved abrasion resistance.

Meta-kaolin is an alumino-silicate-like substance which is obtained by calcining kaolin (kaolin) with a homogeneous combination of ingredients and calcining it in a predetermined condition, It has been reported that it has the effect of remarkably improving various physical properties of concrete. In addition, the initial strength is increased by the rapid reaction with calcium hydroxide due to the formation of ettringite in the short term and the activation of alite, which is the main mineral in the cement. In the mid / long term, Concrete texture is densified to improve strength and abrasion resistance.

In the present invention, unlike the case of asphalt road pavement, RS (C) -4 of KS M 2203 or equivalent material or more is used so as to exert only the optimum adhesive force without having to implement perfect water and waterproofing performance between the concrete pavement layer and the asphalt surface layer It is applied evenly so that it does not exceed 0.4ℓ / ㎡, and when it is excessive, the optimum use amount is applied because it accelerates the plasticization and plastic deformation of the surface layer.

The durability pavement was evaluated by tests related to the impervious (waterproof), abrasion, freezing and thawing, carbonation, chlorine ion and corrosion of the rebar (rustproofing) of the rustproofing waterproofing material used in the waterproof and rustproof impermeable reinforced concrete according to the present invention .

That is, in the impermeable concrete composition having waterproofing and rustproofing properties according to the present invention, the addition amount of the composition is 10-13 kg per 1 m 3 of concrete, and the impermeability, abrasion resistance, The quality characteristics of the composition were tested by tests related to freezing and thawing, carbonation, chlorine ion penetration and rust inhibition.

The waterproof and rustproof impermeable reinforced concrete according to the present invention is about three times more improved in performance than the concrete specimen without waterproofing and abrasion resistance and has a rustproofing performance exceeding the quality standard specified in the reinforcing corrosion test of concrete in KS F 2561 Respectively.

In addition, the resistance to freezing, thawing, carbonation and penetration of chlorine ions satisfies all the quality standards as defined by KS F 4926, which is not only suitable for high durability pavement but also maximizes the lifetime of reinforced concrete pavement.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is possible to prevent deterioration of reinforcing steel corrosion due to a large amount of spray of calcium chloride snow remover in the winter season by using the road paving construction method using waterproof and rustproof impervious concrete according to the present invention, It is possible to prevent contamination.

Claims (6)

As a method of constructing a reinforced concrete pavement using waterproof and rustproof impermeable concrete on a reinforced concrete pavement in a weak ground condition,
(a) forming a non-body with a thickness of 90 cm to 110 cm on the ground using the soil in the field,
(b) forming a hearth at a thickness of 90 cm to 110 cm using a sandy soil having a good permeability coefficient on the furnace body formed in the step (a)
(c) forming an in-phase preventing layer at a thickness of 40 cm to 80 cm using a crushed stone having a diameter of 50 mm to 70 mm on the hearth formed in the step (b)
(d) forming an assistant layer with a thickness of 15 cm to 25 cm by using a crushed stone having a diameter of 30 cm to 50 cm on the in-phase preventing layer formed in the step (c); and
(e) forming an impermeable concrete layer including a rustproofing waterproofing material on the orthotic layer formed in step (d)
The impermeable concrete used in the step (e) is composed of 285 to 315 kg of cement, 1 to 167 kg of water, 774 to 856 kg of fine aggregate, 917 to 1,013 kg of coarse aggregate, And waterproof material 11 to 12 kg, and when it is 27 MPa or more, it contains 329 to 363 kg of cement, 1 to 148 kg of water, 822 to 908 kg of fine aggregate, 901 to 995 kg of coarse aggregate and 12 to 13 kg of rustproof waterproofing material per 1 m 3 of concrete ,
Wherein the step (a) to step (e) are sequentially executed. A method of pavement upper slab concrete road pavement applying impermeable concrete with waterproofing and rustproofing to the upper slab concrete of bridge or tunnel section,
(a) forming an impervious reinforced concrete layer including a rustproofing waterproofing material in a thickness corresponding to a bridge grade in a bridge section,
(b) performing a tack coating on the impermeable reinforced concrete layer formed in step (a); and
(c) forming a modified concrete or asphalt surface layer on the tack coat performed in step (b) to a thickness of 5 to 7 cm,
The impervious concrete used in the step (a) is composed of 285 to 315 kg of cement per 1 m 3 of concrete, 169 to 187 kg of water, 774 to 856 kg of fine aggregate, 917 to 1,013 kg of coarse aggregate, And waterproof material 11 to 12 kg, and when it is 27 MPa or more, it contains 329 to 363 kg of cement, 1 to 148 kg of water, 822 to 908 kg of fine aggregate, 901 to 995 kg of coarse aggregate and 12 to 13 kg of rustproof waterproofing material per 1 m 3 of concrete ,
Wherein the steps (a) to (c) are performed sequentially. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The rust-inhibitive / waterproofing material is blended with 100 parts by weight of the rust-inhibitive / waterproofing material, 38 to 56 parts by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, 5 to 10 parts by weight of silica-fume, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of redispersible powdery resin , 5 to 11 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid metal salt, 1 to 6 parts by weight of a lignin-based high-performance water reducing agent, 18 to 34 parts by weight of a positive electrode type inorganic salt, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of metakaolin . 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The rust-inhibitive / waterproofing material comprises 38 to 56 parts by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash, 4 to 8 parts by weight of silica-fume, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of redispersible powdery resin 5 to 11 parts by weight of a higher fatty acid metal salt, 1 to 6 parts by weight of a lignin-based high-performance water reducing agent, 18 to 34 parts by weight of a positive electrode type inorganic salt, 4 to 8 parts by weight of metakaolin, 1 to 5 parts by weight of an antioxidant tannin Wherein the step (c) 4. The method of claim 3,
The impervious concrete contains 300 kg of cement, 178 kg of water, 815 kg of fine aggregate, 965 kg of coarse aggregate and 12 kg of rustproofing waterproofing material per 1 m 3 of concrete when the compressive strength is less than 27 MPa, and 346 kg of cement per 1 m 3 of concrete, Water of 156 kg, fine aggregate of 865 kg, coarse aggregate of 948 kg, and rustproof waterproofing material of 13 kg. 5. The method of claim 4,
The impervious concrete contains 300 kg of cement, 178 kg of water, 815 kg of fine aggregate, 965 kg of coarse aggregate and 12 kg of rustproofing waterproofing material per 1 m 3 of concrete when the compressive strength is less than 27 MPa, and 346 kg of cement per 1 m 3 of concrete, Water of 156 kg, fine aggregate of 865 kg, coarse aggregate of 948 kg, and rustproof waterproofing material of 13 kg.

Images