KR20180016158A - Filter system - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, a filter system comprises: a composite filter for generating purified water having nanoparticles, residual chlorine, and activated carbon particles removed from raw water introduced from the outside; and a membrane filter for removing viruses from the purified water generated in the composite filter. The composite filter includes: a first ion adsorption unit for filtering the nanoparticles from the raw water; a carbon filter for filtering the residual chlorine in the purified water in which the nanoparticles are filtered by the first ion adsorption unit; and a second ion adsorption unit for filtering the activated carbon particles and the nanoparticles generated in the carbon filter in the purified water in which the residual chlorine is filtered by the carbon filter. According to the present invention, a flow rate of the membrane filter capable of removing viruses by a size exclusion mechanism can be prevented from being reduced, thereby preventing the total discharge amount of water from being reduced. Also, the shortening of a replacement period of the membrane filter can be prevented. In addition, a filter can be simplified and can be extended to one stage or multiple stages if necessary.

Description

Filter system {FILTER SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a filter system.

A variety of filters are used for water purifiers, which are water purifying devices. In general, filters such as a sediment filter, a free carbon filter, a membrane filter, and a post-carbon filter are used. Membrane filters are used as core filters. Reverse osmosis and hollow fiber membranes are the most representative membrane filters.

Sediment Filter is a filter that prevents large particles from entering the sediment, and is mainly called a pretreatment filter or a sedimentation filter because it is installed first in the filter. The sediment filter is mainly used to filter large particles of dust, rust, sand, soil, etc., and to select whether or not to use the filter considering the size of the particles contained in the raw water flowing into the filter.

The Pre Carbon Filter is a filter that removes chlorine (Cl), odor and organic substances contained in raw water. It is a filter that mainly impurities and disinfection such as chlorine in raw water pretreated by a sediment filter. When the sediment filter is not used, impurities such as chlorine are immediately disinfected and sterilized in the raw water. The free carbon filter operates on the principle that carbon (activated carbon) adsorbs impurities.

The post carbon filter operates on the principle that carbon (activated carbon) adsorbs impurities in a manner similar to a pre-carbon filter. Carbon (activated carbon) used in the post carbon filter removes gas, odor, and the like remaining in the raw water by using carbon (activated carbon) of higher quality than carbon (activated carbon) used in the pre-carbon filter or adding an additional component. The pre-carbon filter and the post-carbon filter are named according to their installation order and carbon (activated carbon). The pre-carbon filter is installed before the membrane filter, and the post-carbon filter is installed after the membrane filter.

Membrane Filter The reverse osmosis method refers to a filter that reverses the osmosis phenomenon. In high-concentration solutions and low-concentration solutions that are isolated from the semi-permeable membrane, water naturally passes through the semipermeable membrane and moves from the low-concentration solution to the high-concentration solution. This phenomenon is called osmotic phenomenon, and the difference in the water level between the high concentration solution and the low concentration solution is referred to as osmotic pressure. However, when a pressure higher than osmotic pressure is applied to a solution of high concentration, water moves from the high concentration solution to the low concentration solution through the semipermeable membrane as opposed to the natural phenomenon. This phenomenon is called reverse osmosis, and the difference in the water level between the low concentration solution and the high concentration solution is called the reverse osmosis pressure. The reverse osmosis method is carried out by passing only water molecules through the semipermeable membrane using reverse osmosis.

Among the membrane filters, the hollow fiber method uses hollow fibers such as bamboo, which are hollow in the center, as a filter membrane (hereinafter referred to as hollow fiber membrane). In the hollow fiber membrane, pores are formed to filter the substance to be removed mixed with water and to pass water molecules. If the water passes through the hollow fiber membrane by using the water pressure, the removal target materials larger in size than the pores can not pass through the pores, and the water molecules can pass through the hollow fiber membrane because they are smaller than the pores. The hollow fiber membrane method is used to purify the raw water by using this principle. However, it is known that the hollow fiber membrane method does not remove the finer material as compared with the reverse osmosis membrane method.

Among the substances to be removed present in the raw water, viruses are formed in a very microscopic size that is invisible. In particular, if a virus that adversely affects the human body such as Norovirus is contained in the drinking water, it is necessary to remove the virus from the water purifier since it causes abdominal pain and the like. However, the reverse osmosis method is more effective than the hollow fiber membrane method in that the virus is formed in a minute size and the fine material is removed. Therefore, the reverse osmosis method is generally used to remove the virus from the raw water.

However, in the case of using the reverse osmosis pressure method, a long time is required to remove the virus, and a water storage tank capable of storing water has to be provided.

 As a solution to such a problem, research and development have been conducted to remove virus using a hollow fiber membrane that can be used in a direct water system. As a result, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0093446 filed by the applicant is exemplified .

According to the above-described technique, by providing the hollow fiber membrane having pores smaller in size than the virus, the virus can be removed in a direct water system.

However, since the hollow fiber membranes described above have pores smaller in size than viruses, there has been a problem in that the volume of water is rapidly reduced due to the presence of nanoparticles in water as time passes.

Further, dust or the like may be generated in the carbon filter installed before the hollow fiber membrane type filter, and the dust or the like may be included in the purified water, thereby causing a problem of blocking the small size pores of the hollow fiber membrane type filter, There is a problem that the replacement period of the desert-type filter is advanced.

Therefore, when a hollow fiber membrane filter capable of removing viruses is applied, a filter system capable of overcoming a phenomenon in which the nanoparticles are drastically reduced in volume is required.

Further, there is a need for a filter system capable of preventing dust and the like from being injected into small-sized pores of the hollow fiber membrane type filter and improving the replacement period of the hollow fiber membrane type filter.

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0093466, " Filter System "

The present invention can propose a filter system for preventing the replacement cycle of the filter using the hollow fiber membrane by the dust of the activated carbon generated by using the carbon filter from being reduced.

The present invention can propose a filter system capable of preventing a drastic decrease in the amount of water generated when a hollow fiber membrane having pores large enough to remove viruses is applied to the filter.

The present invention can propose a filter system that can be variously expanded by using a hollow fiber membrane filter having a pore size capable of removing virus and a carbon filter.

The filter system according to the present invention includes a composite filter for generating an integer from which nanoparticles, residual chlorine, and activated carbon particles are removed from raw water introduced from the outside, and a membrane filter for removing virus from the purified water generated in the complex filter .

The composite filter may further include a first ion-adsorbing portion for filtering out the nanoparticles from the raw water.

The first ion adsorption unit may be provided to surround the outer circumferential surface of the composite filter.

The carbon nanotube filter may further include a carbon filter that filters the residual chlorine from the first ion-adsorbing portion from the purified water filtered by the nanoparticles.

In addition, the carbon filter may be provided with a hollow portion therein.

In addition, the carbon filter may further include an adsorbent material to further remove heavy metals or organic compounds.

In addition, the adsorbent material may be mixed with a raw material of the carbon filter together with a binder and extrusion-molded to form the carbon filter.

The method may further include a second ion adsorption unit for filtering the activated carbon particles generated in the carbon filter and the nanoparticles from the carbon filter to remove residual chlorine.

The second ion adsorbing portion may be provided on the hollow portion of the carbon filter to surround the inner circumferential surface of the composite filter.

In addition, the first and second ion-adsorbing portions include a nonwoven fabric supporting body having pores, glass fiber or cellulose adhered to the surface of the nonwoven fabric supporting body, grains formed on the surface of the glass fiber or cellulose, Adsorbent material.

The pores of the first ion-adsorbing portion may be larger than or equal to the pores of the second ion-adsorbing portion.

In addition, the ion-adsorbing material may include alumina.

In addition, the membrane filter may have a small pore size of 25 nm to remove viruses having an average size of 25 nm or more.

In addition, the composite filter and the membrane filter may include a housing for receiving the composite filter and the membrane filter to provide a single module.

In addition, it may include a first housing and a second housing for housing the composite filter and the membrane filter, respectively, and providing the composite filter and the membrane filter as respective modules.

According to the present invention, since the nanoparticles that cause the decrease in the flow rate of the hollow fiber membrane capable of removing viruses by the size exclusion mechanism are removed before passing through the hollow fiber membrane, Can be prevented.

According to the present invention, since the activated carbon dust generated in the carbon filter is removed before passing through the hollow fiber membrane, the replacement cycle of the filter using the hollow fiber membrane method can be prevented from being shortened.

According to the present invention, by providing the carbon filter and the plurality of ion-adsorbing portions as one composite filter, the filter can be simplified and can be expanded to one or more stages as required.

1 is a fluid flow diagram of a filter system according to a first embodiment;
2 is a perspective view of a composite filter according to the present embodiment.
3 is an exploded perspective view of the composite filter according to the present embodiment.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a composite filter according to this embodiment;
5 is a conceptual diagram showing the detailed structure of the ion adsorption unit;
6 is a conceptual diagram showing another configuration of the ion adsorption unit.
7 is a photograph of the ion adsorption portion.
8 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a mechanism in which nanoparticles are ion-adsorbed to an ion-adsorbing portion.
9 is a perspective view of a membrane filter according to this embodiment.
10 is a cross-sectional view of a membrane filter according to this embodiment.
11 is an enlarged photograph of a hollow fiber membrane.
12 is a sectional view of the filter system according to the second embodiment;
13 is a filter system according to the third embodiment.
14 is a filter system according to the fourth embodiment.
15 is a sectional view of a filter system according to a fifth embodiment;
16 is a filter system according to the sixth embodiment.

Hereinafter, a filter system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present specification, the same or similar reference numerals are given to different embodiments in the same or similar configurations. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Terms including ordinals, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited to these terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

In this specification, the terms "comprises ", or" having ", and the like, specify that the presence of stated features, integers, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

1 is a fluid flow diagram of a filter system according to a first embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1, the filter system 100 requires more components than the components shown in FIG. 1 in order to implement a constant of raw water or to implement a device (water purifier) 1 shows only the essential components related to the technical idea of the present invention, and the remaining components are omitted.

The filter system 100 according to the present embodiment may include a composite filter 110 and a membrane filter 120 capable of filtering the impurities from the raw water A to generate the constant C.

The membrane filter 120 may be provided in a hollow fiber membrane method to remove viruses. The membrane filter 120 may have pores with an average size smaller than the average size of the virus to remove virus present in the water.

It is also possible that the membrane filter 120 is applied in reverse osmosis rather than hollow fiber membrane. Although not limited to this concept, it is assumed that the membrane filter 120 is provided in the hollow fiber membrane method in this embodiment.

The average size of the pores provided in the conventional hollow fiber membrane method was about 100 nm. However, since the virus has an average size of about 25 to 27 nm, the conventional hollow fiber membrane method can not remove the virus. The reason that the conventional hollow fiber membrane system has pores of a size larger than the virus is that the function of the conventional hollow fiber membrane system is not related to the removal of the virus.

The membrane filter 120 in this embodiment is one for removing viruses. To this end, the membrane filter 120 may have pores of an average size smaller than the average size of the virus to remove the virus. Since the average size of the virus to be removed from the water is about 25 to 27 nm, the average pore size of the membrane filter 120 is about 25 nm or less. It is preferable that the average pore size of the membrane filter 120 is about 20 nm or so in order to ensure reliability of virus removal.

The membrane filter 120 having an average pore size of less than about 25 nm can remove virus present in water by a size exclusion mechanism. In particular, the membrane filter 120 for removing viruses by the size exclusion mechanism has an advantage that viruses can be removed regardless of the kind of raw water.

In other words, since the membrane filter 120 uses a size exclusion mechanism, it is not affected by the conditions of the raw water.

However, viruses such as tap water may contain viruses as well as nanoparticles having a size of about 200 nm or less. When the raw water is passed through the membrane filter 120 in order to remove the virus from the raw water containing nanoparticles, the pores of the membrane filter 120 are blocked by the nanoparticles over time, There is a problem in that the flow rate of the water is reduced rapidly.

That is, in the filter system 100 using the membrane filter 120 having an average pore size of less than about 25 nm, the reduction of the flow rate by nanoparticles can have a significant effect on the performance of the water purifier

Therefore, in this embodiment, the composite filter 110 may be provided before the membrane filter 120 to remove the nanoparticles.

The composite filter 110 may generate water B flowing into the membrane filter 120. The composite filter 110 may include at least a carbon block 111 (see FIG. 3) for removing residual chlorine contained in the raw water (A). The composite filter 110 may include at least ion adsorption units 114 and 115 (see FIG. 3) capable of filtering out nanoparticles contained in raw water A. The composite filter 110 includes a plurality of ion adsorption units 114 and 115 (see FIG. 3) to prevent the activated carbon dust generated from the carbon block 111 (see FIG. 3) from flowing into the membrane filter 120 .

That is, water (B) having passed through the composite filter 110 does not contain residual chlorine, activated carbon dust, and nanoparticles.

The water B passing through the composite filter 110 flows into the membrane filter 120 and the virus can be removed by pores having an average size smaller than the average size of viruses.

In other words, when the water B having passed through the composite filter 110 passes through the membrane filter 120, the virus can be purified water C (C). The constant (C) can be used as drinking water as clean water purified from impurities such as residual chlorine, activated carbon dust, nanoparticles, and viruses in raw water (A).

As a result, the activated carbon dust in the carbon block 111 (see FIG. 3) that may be contained in the water B that has passed through the composite filter 110 and the pores of the membrane filter 120 from the nanoparticles are prevented from clogging, The replacement period of the membrane filter 120 can be increased.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the composite filter according to the present embodiment, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the composite filter according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the composite filter according to this embodiment.

2 through 4, the composite filter 110 includes a carbon block 111 for removing residual chlorine, and a plurality of ion adsorption units 114 and 115 for removing nanoparticles and activated carbon dust .

The carbon block 111 can remove residual chlorine present in the water by passing water. The carbon block 111 can be understood as a carbon filter formed by compressing activated carbon through heat, pressure, or a binder to form a block. The activated carbon may be referred to as activated carbon, carbon, carbon or the like as a raw material of the carbon block 111. The dust can also be referred to as dust, particles, etc. of activated carbon. For example, carbon particles, activated carbon particles, activated carbon powder, carbon dust, and the like. It is not limited to this idea.

In addition, the carbon block 111 may further include an adsorbent material to further remove intermediate or organic compounds. The adsorbent material may be mixed with the raw material of the carbon block 111.

For example, the adsorbent material may comprise iron hydroxide and a silica material. The iron hydroxide is made to remove the arsenic present in the water, and the silica material can remove the lead present in the water. In addition, the adsorbent material may include a material for removing chloroform, which is a typical organic compound present in water. It is not limited to this idea.

Lids 112 and 113 may be coupled to the upper and lower ends of the carbon block 111, respectively. A hollow portion may be formed in the center of the carbon block 111 and a hole 116 may be formed in the cover 112 or 113 in a portion corresponding to the hollow portion of the carbon block 111.

The hole 116 is a passage through which the water passing through the carbon block 111 flows.

The plurality of ion adsorption units 114 and 115 may be combined with the carbon block 111 to form the composite filter 110. The ion adsorption units 114 and 115 include a first ion adsorption unit 114 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the carbon block 111 and a second ion adsorption unit 115 disposed on the hollow part of the carbon block 111, . ≪ / RTI > The ion adsorption units 114 and 115 may be provided as a single layer, a film, or the like to prevent a decrease in the flow rate due to the nanoparticles.

The first ion adsorption unit 114 may cover the outer circumferential surface of the carbon block 111 to remove the nanoparticles from the water to be supplied to the carbon block 111 in advance. The first ion-adsorbing unit 114 may be provided on the outer surface of the carbon block 111. The second ion adsorption unit 115 is disposed on the hollow portion of the carbon block 111 to remove the active carbon dust from the water that has passed through the carbon block 111 and surrounds the inner circumferential surface of the carbon block 111, . The second ion-adsorbing part 115 may be provided on the inner surface of the carbon block 111.

The first ion-adsorbing unit 114 and the second ion-adsorbing unit 115 may have pores and gaps of a predetermined size to allow water to pass therethrough. The first ion-adsorbing unit 114 and the second ion-adsorbing unit 115 may have the same or similar pores and gaps. In addition, the first ion-adsorbing portion 114 may have pores and gaps having a size larger than that of the second ion-adsorbing portion 115. It is not limited to this idea. Here, the pores and gaps may denote the size of a space through which water can pass through the first ion-adsorbing unit 114 or the second ion-adsorbing unit 115.

That is, water flows into the outer circumferential surface of the composite filter 110, and nanoparticles present in the water can be removed by the first ion adsorption unit 114. The water from which nanoparticles have been removed is then passed through the carbon block 111, and the residual chlorine present in the water can be removed. The water from which the residual chlorine has been removed is then passed through the second ion adsorption unit 115 and the activated carbon dust generated in the carbon block 111 and the nanoparticles not removed from the first ion adsorption unit 114 are removed . The water from which nanoparticles, activated carbon dust, and residual chlorine are removed can flow through the hollow portion of the carbon block 111 and the holes 116.

5 is a conceptual diagram showing the detailed structure of the ion adsorption unit.

Referring to FIG. 5, the ion adsorption units 114 and 115 are configured to remove negatively charged nanoparticles present in water using an electrostatic attractive force. The ion adsorption units 114 and 115 may include a nonwoven fabric support 114a, a glass fiber 114b, an ion adsorbing material 114c, and a pore 114d.

The ion adsorption units 114 and 115 may include a first ion adsorption unit 114 and a second ion adsorption unit 115. The first ion-adsorbing unit 114 and the second ion-adsorbing unit 115 may differ in the size of the pores through which water can pass and the size of the gap. In addition, the first ion-adsorbing unit 114 and the second ion-adsorbing unit 115 may have the same configuration except for the size of the pore and the size of the gap.

Accordingly, the same components of the first ion-adsorbing unit 114 and the second ion-adsorbing unit 115 are described with the same names. The constituent elements of the first ion adsorption unit 114 include a first nonwoven substrate 114a, a first glass fiber 114b, a first ion adsorbing material 114c, a first pore 114d, . The structure of the second ion adsorption unit 115 is referred to as a second nonwoven support member 115a, a second glass fiber 115b, a second ion adsorbing material 115c, and a second pore 115d.

The first nonwoven fabric support 114a may be provided on the outer circumferential surface of the carbon block 111 (see FIG. 3). The second nonwoven fabric support 115a may be provided on the inner circumferential surface of the carbon block 111. In particular, the nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a are formed in the form of a sheet and can be provided in various forms through processing. For example, the first nonwoven fabric support 114a may be provided in a corrugated form. In addition, the second nonwoven fabric support 115a may be provided in a cylindrical shape. It is not limited to this idea.

The nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a can support the glass fibers 114b and 115b. The nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a may be provided with pores 114d and 115d through which water can pass. For example, the pores 114d and 115d may have a size of about 2 to 3 mu m.

The glass fibers 114b and 115b may be attached to the surfaces of the nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a. The glass fibers 114b and 115b are for fixing the ion-adsorbing materials 114c and 115c. The glass fibers 114b and 115b in the form of fibrils may be randomly arranged on the surface of the nonwoven fabric supporting members 114a and 115a and entangled with each other. A gap of about 2 to 3 탆 can be formed between the glass fiber and the glass fiber, and water can pass through the gap. Particles larger than the size of the gap can be removed from the water by a size exclusion mechanism.

The ion adsorbing materials 114c and 115c may be formed by grafting the surface of the glass fibers 114b and 115b. Grafting refers to a process for fixing the ion adsorption materials 114c and 115c on the surfaces of the glass fibers 114b and 115b and the ion adsorption material 114b and 115b is physically rolled into the glass fibers 114b and 115b. 114c, and 115c. The ion adsorption materials 114c and 115c may provide positive charge so that they are adsorbed to the nanoparticles of negative charge present in the water passing through the nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a.

The ion-adsorbing materials 114c and 115c may include alumina (AlOOH). Alumina can be dissociated from AlO + and OH-anions in water. The ion-adsorbing materials 114c and 115c can provide positive charge necessary for ion adsorption using AlO + cations. The size of the positive charge can be around +80..

The nanoparticles negatively charged by the positive charge provided by the ion adsorption material 114c and 115c can be ion-adsorbed to the ion adsorption units 114 and 115, respectively. That is, the ion adsorption units 114 and 115 can be referred to as " electrostatic adsorption units " by removing nanoparticles using electrostatic attraction.

The arrows shown in Fig. 5 indicate the direction in which the water flows.

With reference to the arrows, the nanoparticles contained in the water can be ion-adsorbed in the course of passing through the gap of the first glass fiber 114b in which the first ion adsorbing material 114c is grafted. The water may pass through the first pores 114d of the first nonwoven fabric support 114a.

Particles larger than the size of the gap and the pore size in the process of passing through the gap of the first glass fiber 114b and the first pore 114d may be removed from the water by the size exclusion mechanism.

The water that has passed through the first ion adsorption unit 114 passes through the carbon block 111 and residual chlorine can be removed.

The water from which the residual chlorine has been removed can pass through the second ion adsorption unit 115. The water passing through the second ion adsorbing part 115 passes through the gap of the second glass fiber 115b on which the second ion adsorbing material 115c is grafted, 114 may be additionally adsorbed to the ion-adsorbed nanoparticles.

The water may pass through the second pores 115d of the second nonwoven support body 115a. Particles larger than the size of the gap and the pore size in the process of passing through the gap of the second glass fiber 115b and the second pore 115d may be removed from the water by the size exclusion mechanism.

At this time, the activated carbon dust generated in the process of passing through the carbon block 11 may be removed.

The first pores 114d of the first ion adsorption unit 114 may be provided as pores larger than the second pores 115d of the second ion absorption unit 115. [ In addition, the first pores 114d and the second pores 115d may be provided in the same size. It is not limited to this idea.

According to such a configuration, the nanoparticles larger than the nanoparticles can be filtered out by the first ion adsorption unit 114 and the nanoparticles smaller than the nanoparticles can be filtered by the second ion adsorption unit 115. That is, the nanoparticles can be removed in order of size.

However, when the first pores 114d are provided to be smaller than the second pores 115d, the first pores 114d may be blocked by the nanoparticles before the second pores 115d . That is, the pore volume may be reduced due to clogging of pores.

Accordingly, it is preferable that the first pores 114d are larger than or equal to the second pores 115d.

6 is another conceptual diagram showing the detailed structure of the ion-adsorbing portion.

The ion adsorption units 114 and 115 may be configured to remove negatively charged nanoparticles present in water using electrostatic attraction. The ion adsorption units 114 and 115 may include nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a, ion adsorption materials 114c and 115c, and a cellulose 114h and 115h.

That is, in the ion adsorption units 114 and 115 disclosed in FIG. 5, the nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a and the ion adsorption materials 114c and 115c are the same, but the cellulose 114h and 115h, not the glass fibers 114b and 115b, Can be used.

The cellulose 114h, 115h in the form of fibrils may be randomly arranged on the surface of the nonwoven fabric support 114a, 115a and entangled with each other. A gap of about 0.5 to 1 mu m may be formed between the cellulose and the cellulose, and water can pass through the gap. Particles larger than the size of the gap can be removed from the water by a size exclusion mechanism.

Compared with the glass fibers 114b and 115b, the cellulose 114h and 115h have several advantages.

First, the cellulose 114h and 115h are harmless to the human body. The ion adsorption units 114 and 115 are components of the filter system 100 forming the drinking water, so they should not be harmful to the human body. The cellulose 114h and 115h are proved to be harmless as compared with the glass fibers 114b and 115b and thus are suitable as constituent elements of the ion adsorption units 114 and 115 for treating drinking water.

Also, a gap of a small size may be formed between the cellulose and the cellulose, as compared with the glass fiber. Thus, the ability to remove impurities present in water by the size exclusion mechanism can be improved.

On the other hand, the arrows shown in Fig. 6 indicate the direction in which the water flows.

The nanoparticles, residual chlorine, and activated carbon dust contained in the water are introduced into the first ion adsorption unit 114, the carbon block 111, and the second ion adsorption unit 115 in this order, Can be removed.

7 is a photograph of the ion-adsorbing portion.

Referring to FIG. 7, the lower left and upper right bright colors in the photograph correspond to nonwoven fabric supports 114a and 115a. And the dark fibers extending from the upper left to the lower right correspond to the glass fibers 114b and 115b or the cellulose 114h and 115h. Particles disposed on the surfaces of the glass fibers 114b and 115b or the cellulose 114h and 115h correspond to alumina.

8 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a mechanism in which nanoparticles are ion-adsorbed to an ion-adsorbing portion.

The mechanism by which the nanoparticles are adsorbed by ions is illustrated by way of example of the first ion adsorption unit 114 (see FIG. 3), and the arrows shown in FIG. 8 represents the flow of water.

Referring to Fig. 8, three first glass fibers 114b or first cellulose 114h are arranged so as to intertwine with each other. A triangular gap is formed between the three first glass fibers 114b or the first cellulose 114h, and water can pass through the gap. The alumina fixed on the surface of the first glass fiber 114b or the cellulose 114h can provide cations necessary for ion adsorption using cations. Therefore, a positive charge can be formed on the surface of the first glass fiber 114b or the cellulose 114h. The nanoparticles present in the water are negatively charged so that the nanoparticles are dispersed in the first glass fiber 114b or the cellulose 114h while the water passes through the first glass fiber 114b or the cellulose 114h. And can adsorb ions and cations present on the surface.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a membrane filter according to the present embodiment, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a membrane filter according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a hollow fiber membrane.

Referring to FIGS. 9 to 11, the membrane filter 120 may be formed by bundling a hollow fiber membrane 121. The hollow fiber membrane 121 refers to a membrane having a hollow shape in the middle. The lower end 124 can be potted by a resin such as polyurethane to block the flow of water. After the potting, the upper part 123 is cut to release the water to the center of the hollow fiber membrane. Small pores are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the hollow fiber membrane 121, and pores may be formed to have a size of about 25 nm or less to remove viruses. In order to more reliably remove the virus, it is preferable that the average size of pores is formed to be about 20 nm or so.

A channel 122 for discharging water may be formed in the center portion of the membrane filter 120. The passage 122 may be understood as a passage through which the water passing through the hollow fiber membrane 121 can flow.

The water may be introduced into the small-sized pores provided on the outer circumferential surface of the membrane filter 120, that is, on the outer circumferential surface of the hollow fiber membrane 121. The virus present in the water while passing through the membrane filter 120 can be removed from the water because it does not pass through the pores.

The arrows shown in Figs. 9 and 10 show the flow of water. And the water may be discharged through the flow path 122 formed in the middle portion of the membrane filter 120.

Water can be introduced into the bundle of the hollow fiber membranes 121 by referring to arrows. The inflow water may pass through the pores provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane 121. At this time, viruses smaller than pores can be removed. The water that has passed through the pores can flow through the empty middle portion of the hollow fiber membrane 121.

In the present embodiment, the lower end portion 124 is provided with a flow path 122 in which the flow of water is blocked by a resin such as polyurethane, and the upper end portion 123 is cut off to allow water to flow out.

Therefore, the water flowing in the empty center portion of the hollow fiber membrane 121 can be discharged to the outside of the membrane filter 120 through the channel 122. At this time, the vacant center portion of the hollow fiber membrane 121 may have a virus-free water flow.

12 is a cross-sectional view of the filter system according to the second embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 12, the filter system 200 according to the present embodiment may be formed as a one-stage filter in which a composite filter 210 and a membrane filter 220 are combined. The filter system 200 may include a housing 201 that receives the composite filter 210 and the membrane filter 220. The functions of the composite filter 210 and the membrane filter 220 are the same as those described above.

The composite filter 210 and the membrane filter 220 may be disposed inside the housing 201. The composite filter 210 and the membrane filter 220 may be sequentially stacked in the housing 201 as shown in FIG. The housing 201 may have an inlet 201a for forming an inlet flow path of raw water and an outlet 201b for forming a flow passage for discharging purified water.

The internal flow path of the housing 201 may include a raw water supply flow path 202a, a connection flow path 202b, and a discharge flow path 202c.

The raw water supply passage 202a may lead from the inlet 201a to the outer circumferential surface of the composite filter 210 to flow raw water to the composite filter 210. [ The raw water introduced through the inlet 201a of the housing 201 may be supplied to the outer circumferential surface of the composite filter 210 along the raw water providing passage 202a.

The raw water flowing into the composite filter 210 may pass through the first ion adsorption unit 214 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the composite filter 210. Next, it can pass through the carbon block 211. And then flows through the second ion adsorbing portion 215 disposed on the hollow portion of the carbon block 211.

The connection passage 202b is formed in the composite filter 210 so as to allow the water having the nanoparticles, the activated carbon dust and the residual chlorine removed to flow to the membrane filter 220 while passing through the composite filter 210, And may lead to the outer circumferential surface of the filter 220.

The water discharged through the composite filter 210 may flow to the outer circumferential surface of the membrane filter 220 along the connection passage 202b. The virus present in the water can be removed by the membrane filter 220.

The discharge passage 202c may be connected to the outlet 201b to pass the virus-removed water to the outside of the housing 201 while passing through the membrane filter 220. [

The water flowing into the inlet 201a of the housing 201 passes through the raw water providing passage 202a, the composite filter 210, the connecting passage 202b, the membrane filter 220 and the discharge passage 202c, Can be discharged to the outlet (201b) of the outlet (201). In this process, the nanoparticles, activated carbon dust, residual chlorine, and viruses present in the water can be sequentially removed by the composite filter 210 and the membrane filter 220, respectively.

When the composite filter 210 and the membrane filter 220 are disposed in a single housing 201 and the raw water supply passage 202a, the connection passage 202b and the discharge passage 202c are connected as described above, The filter system 200 may be formed of a single module.

The filter system 200 having a single module can reduce the overall size of the filter system 200 as compared with the filter system having the composite filter 210 and the membrane filter 210 separately. Accordingly, a small water purifier can be realized by using the filter system 200 configured with one module.

13 is a filter system according to the third embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 13, the filter system 300 according to the present embodiment may include a composite filter 310 and a membrane filter 320 in the housings 301 and 302 that are separated from each other. A first housing 301 for housing the composite filter 310 and a second housing 302 for housing the membrane filter 320. The functions of the composite filter 310 and the membrane filter 320 are the same as those described above.

The composite filter 310 and the membrane filter 320 may be formed of respective modules. Water may first pass through the composite filter 310 and then through the membrane filter 320.

When the membrane filter 320 and the composite filter 310 are formed as separate modules, the size of the membrane filter 320 may be increased as compared with the single module described with reference to FIG. However, since the membrane filter 320 and the compound filter 310 follow the respective replacement periods, it is assumed that any one of the membrane filter 320 and the compound filter 310 has lost its function, There is no need to replace the battery.

In addition, since the residual chlorine, nanoparticles, activated carbon dust, and the like, which are capable of blocking the small pores of the membrane filter 320, are previously removed from the composite filter 310, the replacement period of the membrane filter 320 may be prolonged.

14 is a filter system according to the fourth embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 14, the filter system 400 according to the present embodiment may include a composite filter 410, a membrane filter 420, and a post-carbon filter 430. The composite filter 410, the membrane filter 420, and the post-carbon filter 430 may be formed of respective modules. The functions of the composite filter 410 and the membrane filter 420 are the same as those described above.

The post-carbon filter 430 can be operated on the principle that carbon (activated carbon) adsorbs impurities present in water by passing water. At this time, carbon (activated carbon) used can be high quality activated carbon made of real physical fruit. In addition, the post-carbon filter 430 may include an adsorbent material such as a carbon block of the composite filter 410.

The post-carbon filter 430 can remove gas and odor contained in water, and can prevent the propagation of germs. That is, the post-carbon filter 430 may be positioned at the last stage of the water purification to improve the taste of water.

The water may be purified while sequentially passing through the composite filter 410, the membrane filter 420, and the post-carbon filter 430. The composite filter 410 may remove residual chlorine, nanoparticles, activated carbon dust, and the like. The membrane filter 420 can remove viruses. The post-carbon filter 430 can remove residual chlorine, gas and odor. When the carbon block of the composite filter 410 or the post-carbon filter 430 includes a material to be adsorbed, a heavy metal or an organic compound may be further removed.

The post-carbon filter 430 may further include a plurality of ion-adsorbing units 114 and 115 (see FIG. 3) like the composite filter 410. According to this case, the activated carbon dust generated in the post-carbon filter 430 can be removed. It is not limited to this idea.

15 is a sectional view of a filter system according to a fifth embodiment.

15, the filter system 500 according to the present embodiment may be formed as a one-stage filter having a composite filter 510, a membrane filter 520, and a post-carbon filter 530, 500 may include a housing 501 housing the composite filter 510, the membrane filter 520, and the post-carbon filter 530. The functions of the composite filter 510, the membrane filter 520, and the post-carbon filter 530 are the same as those described above.

The composite filter 510, the membrane filter 520, and the post-carbon filter 530 may be disposed inside the housing 501. The composite filter 510, the membrane filter 520, and the post carbon filter 530 may be sequentially stacked in the housing 501 as shown in FIG. The housing 501 may be provided with an inlet 501a for forming an inflow channel of raw water and an outlet 501b for forming a flow passage for discharging purified water.

The internal flow path of the housing 501 may include a raw water supply passage 502a, a first connection passage 502b, a second connection passage 502c, and a discharge passage 502d.

The raw water supply passage 502a may lead from the inlet 501a to the outer circumferential surface of the composite filter 510 to flow raw water to the composite filter 510. [ The raw water introduced through the inlet 501a of the housing 501 may be supplied to the outer circumferential surface of the composite filter 510 along the raw water providing passage 502a.

The raw water flowing into the composite filter 510 may pass through the first ion adsorption unit 514 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the composite filter 510. Next, it can pass through the carbon block 511. And then flows through the second ion-adsorbing portion 515 disposed on the hollow portion of the carbon block 511.

The first connection passage 502b is connected to the composite filter 510 so that raw water having nanoparticles, activated carbon dust, and residual chlorine removed from the first connection passage 502 flows to the membrane filter 520, And may lead to the outer circumferential surface of the membrane filter 520.

The water discharged through the composite filter 520 may flow to the outer circumferential surface of the membrane filter 520 along the first connection passage 502b. The virus present in the water can be removed by the membrane filter 520.

The second connection passage 502c is connected to the post-carbon filter 530 in the membrane filter 520 so as to flow the virus-removed raw water to the post-carbon filter 530 while passing through the membrane filter 520. [ ). ≪ / RTI >

The water discharged through the membrane filter 520 may flow to the outer circumferential surface of the post-carbon filter 530 along the second connection passage 502c. Residual chlorine, odor and gas present in the water can be removed by the post-carbon filter 530.

The discharge passage 502d may be connected to the outlet 501b to allow residual chlorine, odor and gas removed water to flow out of the housing 501 while passing through the post-carbon filter 530. The water introduced into the inlet 501a of the housing 501 flows through the raw water supply passage 502a, the composite filter 510, the first connection passage 502b, the membrane filter 520, the second connection passage 502c, The exhaust gas can be discharged to the outlet 501b of the housing 501 through the post-carbon filter 530 and the discharge passage 502c.

In this process, the nanoparticles, activated carbon dust, residual chlorine, virus, gas and odor present in the water are sequentially removed by the composite filter 510, the membrane filter 520 and the post carbon filter 530, respectively .

The composite filter 510, the membrane filter 520 and the post carbon filter 530 are disposed in a single housing 501 and the raw water supply passage 502a, the first connection passage 502b, When the flow path 502c and the discharge path 502c are connected as described above, the filter system 500 can be formed as one module.

The filter system 500 composed of one module can further reduce the overall size of the filter system in comparison with the filter system having the composite filter 510, the membrane filter 520 and the post-carbon filter 530 separately. Therefore, a small water purifier can be realized by using the filter system 500 configured with one module.

16 is a filter system according to the sixth embodiment.

16, the raw water may be purified while sequentially passing the sediment filter 640, the composite filter 610, the membrane filter 620, and the post-carbon filter 630 sequentially. The functions of the composite filter 610, the membrane filter 620, and the post-carbon filter 630 are the same as those described above.

In addition, the sediment filter 640 can prevent large particles from entering the sediment, and can perform the pretreatment or sedimentation function of the filter system 600.

That is, the sediment filter 640 can remove large sediment from the water. The composite filter 610 may remove residual chlorine, nanoparticles, and activated carbon dust. The membrane filter 620 may remove the virus. The post-carbon filter 630 can remove residual chlorine, gas and odor. In addition, at least one of the carbon block of the composite filter 610 and the post-carbon filter 630 includes an adsorbent material, thereby removing heavy metals or organic compounds.

The order of each filter can be changed. However, the fact that the composite filter 610 is located before the membrane filter 620 does not change. The filter system 600 may be multi-stage expanded with the composite filter 610 and the membrane filter 620 as essential components.

The filter system described above is not limited to the configuration and the method of the embodiments described above, but the embodiments may be configured by selectively combining all or some of the embodiments so that various modifications may be made.

100 filter system 110 compound filter
111 Carbon block 114 The first ion-
115 Secondary ion adsorption unit 120 Membrane filter

Claims (18)

A composite filter for generating purified water from which nanoparticles, residual chlorine, and activated carbon particles are removed from the raw water flowing from the outside; And
A membrane filter for removing the virus from the purified water produced in the composite filter,
In the composite filter,
A first ion adsorption unit for filtering the nanoparticles from the raw water;
A carbon filter for filtering the residual chlorine from the first ion-adsorbing portion from the purified water filtered by the nanoparticles; And
And a second ion adsorption section for filtering out the activated carbon particles generated in the carbon filter and the nanoparticles from the carbon filter at the purified water purified by the residual chlorine. The method of claim 1, wherein
Wherein the first ion adsorption portion is provided to surround the outer surface of the composite filter. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the outer surface surrounds the entire outer peripheral surface of the composite filter. 3. The method of claim 2,
The composite filter has a hollow portion inside,
And the second ion adsorption portion is disposed so as to surround the inner peripheral surface of the composite filter on the hollow portion. The method according to claim 1,
The carbon filter further comprises an adsorbent material to further remove heavy metals or organic compounds,
Wherein the adsorbent material is mixed with a raw material of the carbon filter together with a binder and extrusion-molded to form the carbon filter. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein each of the first ion-adsorbing portion and the second ion-
A nonwoven fabric support having pores;
Fiberglass or cellulose adhered to the surface of the nonwoven substrate; And
Wherein the non-woven support comprises an ion-adsorbing material provided on a surface of the glass fiber or cellulose, the ion-adsorbing material providing a positive charge to adsorb ions with negatively charged nanoparticles present in water passing through the nonwoven substrate. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the ion adsorbing material is grafted to the surface of the glass fiber or the cellulose. The method according to claim 6,
The pores of the first ion-
Wherein the second ion-adsorbing portion is provided with a size larger than or equal to the pore of the second ion-adsorbing portion. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the ion-adsorbing material comprises alumina,
Wherein the alumina is dissociated into AlO < + > cations and OH-anions in water and uses the AlO < + > cations to provide positive charge necessary for ion adsorption. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the membrane filter is formed of a hollow fiber membrane having pores,
Wherein the pores are formed in a size smaller than 25 nm. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a housing for receiving the composite filter and the membrane filter,
The internal flow path of the housing,
A raw water supply flow path for flowing the raw water to the composite filter;
A connection channel leading from the composite filter to the outer circumferential surface of the membrane filter to allow water, which has passed through the composite filter, to sequentially remove nanoparticles, residual chlorine, and activated carbon dust from the membrane filter; And
And a drain passage through which the virus-removed water flows to the outside of the housing through the membrane filter. The method according to claim 1,
The filter system comprises:
A first housing capable of housing the composite filter; And
And a second housing capable of embedding the membrane filter. A first electrostatic adsorption unit capable of removing nanoparticles from water;
A carbon filter capable of removing chlorine from the water filtered by the nanoparticles from the first electrostatic adsorption portion; And
And a second electrostatic adsorption portion capable of adsorbing carbon particles derived from the carbon filter from the chlorine-filtered water from the carbon filter. 14. The method of claim 13,
The carbon filter has a hollow inside,
Wherein the first electrostatic adsorption portion is provided on an outer surface of the carbon filter,
And the second electrostatic adsorption portion is provided on the inner surface of the carbon filter. 14. The method of claim 13,
And the second electrostatic adsorption portion can abut the nanoparticles. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the first electrostatic adsorption portion and the second electrostatic adsorption portion comprise:
A nonwoven fabric support having pores;
Fiberglass or cellulose adhered to the surface of the nonwoven substrate; And
And an ion adsorbing material provided on the surface of the glass fiber or cellulose and providing a positive charge so as to be adsorbed to the negatively charged nanoparticles present in the water passing through the nonwoven support. 17. The method of claim 16,
The ion-
And alumina providing the positive charge to be ion-adsorbed to the negatively charged nanoparticles. 17. The method of claim 16,
The pores of the first electrostatic adsorption portion
Wherein the second electrostatic adsorption portion is provided with a size larger than or equal to the pores of the second electrostatic adsorption portion.

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