KR20180004460A - Building material using granite, cinder and basalt and Manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are building materials using granite, cinder and basalt, and a manufacturing method thereof, in which a base material is manufactured by mixing soil with paper porridge and granite, cinder and basalt are added to the base material to manufacture a mixed material, and the mixed material is formed into a processed body and is sintered to manufacture the building materials, and thus the building materials have excellent strength and various colors can be expressed on the surface thereof.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a building material using granite, coal ash, and basalt,

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing building materials using granite, coal ash, and basalt, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a building material by mixing granular earth and earth with granite and basalt, The granular material and the basalt can be mixed at a high temperature so that the granular material and the basalt material can be fired at a high temperature, The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing building materials using granite, coal ash, and basalt, which can solve environmental problems caused by landfill of waste, and building materials.

Granite and basalt form about 50% of Korea's national land. In order to use it as building material, stone is sliced by cutting device. Due to the nature of material, it is difficult to make it with a heavy and small size. There is a drawback that it has a color.

These granites and basalt are sludge produced when cutting or polishing at the processing plant. Usually, the amount of sludge generated in the processing plant is more than one-third of the amount of the raw material used in the processing, and the amount of water consumed during the processing is about 20 to 30 times that of the final stone product.

Particularly, although granite and basalt sludge contain beneficial components, they are categorized as specific waste and disposed of. At this time, when the waste is disposed of by consignment treatment, a high cost of 5 to 100 thousand won per ton is generated. And the environment is damaged or polluted because it is neglected or left in the surrounding area.

In addition, coal ash discharged from industrial facilities is classified as specific waste and disposed of, but the landfill or treatment facilities are not sufficiently provided. In recent years, it has been promoted to transport industrial wastes by using barges to the west coast where tidal flats are located. This is not only because of high cost, but also because heavy metals are discharged into the sea due to drainage of contaminated water during transportation for landfill It can cause environmental pollution to increase while flowing.

Therefore, recycling the above granite, basalt sludge and waste discharged from industrial facilities as building materials can significantly reduce the amount of sludge landfill and the amount of chemical power generation waste, as well as economic value, and a new method is required .

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2003-0083981

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a sludge- And by adding coal as an industrial waste, it is possible to recycle the resources that are being disposed of and disposed of in the vicinity of the power plant, so that high-temperature firing can be performed and high-quality magnetic production can be made, Granite, coal ash, and basalt, as well as building materials.

A method for manufacturing a building material using granite, coal ash and basalt according to the present invention comprises: a primary mixing step of mixing a mixture of 1 to 40% by weight of paper and 60 to 99% by weight of a mixture of water and soil to prepare a base material; A second mixing step of mixing 10 to 50 parts by weight of granite fine powder, 5 to 30 parts by weight of basalt fine powder and 20 to 30 parts by weight of coal ash with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base material to prepare a mixed material; Molding the mixed material into a processed body of a predetermined shape; And firing the processed body at 850 to 1300 캜; Wherein the granular sludge is placed in a sedimentation tank and precipitated for 10 to 24 hours. After the supernatant is removed from the sedimentation tank, a sediment of granite settling in the bottom of the sedimentation tank is collected and dried to obtain granular fine powder, Mixing with a base material; And basalt sludge are placed in a sedimentation tank for 10 to 24 hours, the supernatant is removed from the sedimentation tank, the basalt deposit settled in the bottom of the sedimentation tank is collected and dried to obtain a basalt fine powder and mixed with the base material; And further comprising:

According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, in the primary mixing step, 50 to 99% by weight of the paper is dissolved in water, stirred for 5 minutes to 1 hour, passed through a sieve to make paper porridge, % Is mixed and dried to prepare a base material.

According to a preferred feature of the present invention, the base material may be prepared by mixing paper dust with dry paper.

According to a preferred feature of the present invention, the base material may be prepared by first mixing a paper blanket with a diluted soil, followed by drying.

According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the primary mixing step may further include adding pigment to the base material to impart color.

According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the method may further include a step of applying a glaze to the surface of the processed body after the firing step and performing secondary firing.

The building material according to the present invention is manufactured by one of the above-mentioned manufacturing methods.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, a considerable amount of granite and basalt sludge that are abandoned as waste materials during the cutting and polishing process in the granite and basalt processing process is recycled as a raw material for building materials, thereby preventing waste of resources and environmental destruction It is possible to reduce the cost of building materials by reducing the cost of purchasing raw materials.

In addition, since the building material of the present embodiment is composed of earth, paper, granite and basalt, which are natural materials, it is an eco-friendly product in which harmfulness is blocked, and besides having a natural texture, the surface can be expressed in various colors, There is an effect that can be increased. At this time, the paper preferably uses waste paper, thereby reducing the production cost and further enhancing the resource recycling effect.

In addition, the building material of the present embodiment can solve the environmental problems caused by waste of resources and waste landfill by recycling resources that are disposed and buried in the vicinity of industrial facilities by including industrial wastes, and by allowing high temperature firing, Tiles, bricks, and the like, so that the durability and strength of the building material can be enhanced. In particular, since coal ash of industrial waste is a light material, lightweight aggregate can be produced compared to conventional aggregates when used as a main component.

In addition, when manufacturing building materials, it is possible to maintain the gloss and strength of the product to a certain level without using glaze, thereby preventing harmfulness of the glaze. Also, since the product can be completed only once at a low temperature, It has the effect of reducing the labor and fuel costs required.

1 is a flow chart sequentially illustrating a method for manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a test report showing the bending strength according to the KS standard of a granite-basalt ceramic tile manufactured by a method of manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a test report showing the characteristics of the lightweight aggregate manufactured by the method of manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a test report showing the result of the hazard test according to the KS standard of lightweight aggregate manufactured by the method of manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention can be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In addition, to include an element throughout the specification does not exclude other elements unless specifically stated otherwise, but may include other elements.

1 is a flowchart showing a method of manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a method of manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a primary mixing step (S10) of preparing a base material; A secondary mixing step (S20) of preparing a mixed material including granite, coal ash and basalt; Molding the processed body (S30); And firing the processed body (S40); .

In the primary mixing step, the base material is prepared by mixing 1 to 40% by weight of paper and 60 to 99% by weight of a mixture of water and soil (S10). In the primary mixing step, paper dough is first prepared, and paper clay is introduced into the paper dough to produce a paper clay, for example, a base material. At this time, it is possible to add pastes, grains and a paste made of materials such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). In the present invention, since the main component of the base material is paper and soil, the material cost becomes very low. Also, it is possible to increase the bonding force between the granite powder and the thermal power generation waste, and to enhance the aesthetic feeling by expressing the feeling of paper even after the firing described below.

If the content of the soil is less than 1 wt%, the plasticity may be lowered. If the content of the soil exceeds 40 wt%, the content of the paper becomes relatively small to cause cracking in the product after firing, It may not be easy to form due to lack of viscosity in the mixing step with basalt sludge or there may be a problem that the color is not evenly displayed on the finished building material surface when the pigment is added.

At this time, the soil can be used, for example, yellow soil, chorus, celadon soil, onion soil, clay and clay, and the color of the base material can be controlled according to the selection of soil. Clay is preferably used in this embodiment, and the clay refers to fine natural soil particles having a diameter of 0.002 mm or less. In addition, the clay may contain hydrous iron oxide and iron hydroxide-free silica, may have a red or yellow color, and has excellent anti-fungal effect, deodorizing effect and heat radiation effect. In addition, the soil may be subjected to a step of pulverizing it to about 80 to 150 mesh before injection.

In the step of preparing the base material, an example of the method for producing the paper porridge is as follows. At this time, corrugated board, newspaper, advertisement leaflet and the like can also be used as the main material of the paper porridge if necessary, and in this embodiment, the roll paper is used as the material. However, it is preferable to use paper waste paper in order to reduce the production cost and further increase the effect of recycling the resources.

The paper is filled with 3/4 of warm water in a bucket like bucket, 10 sheets of waste newspapers are placed, and stirred using an electric drill with a stirring rod for 5 minutes to 1 hour. have. At this time, the agitation time may be appropriately adjusted according to the material of the used paper.

In order to reduce the working time, the paper is generally divided into two types of paper so as to have a similar fiber length to the paper. It is preferable to use paper. At this time, the components forming the color printed on the paper are mostly removed in the firing process, so that it is not necessary to remove them. Thereafter, when the paper loosened in the water is in a floating state, the paper is sifted to separate the tissue paper.

Further, in the above process, a step of adding pigments to the base material may be further performed if necessary. When pigments are added to the base material, the color of the paper is changed by the color of the added pigment, which acts to impart a desired color to the finished building material.

Next, a mixture of diluted clay that is filtered through the sieve is put on a gypsum board and dried to prepare a base material. At this time, it is possible to prepare the base material by first drying the paper, then adding the solid clay powder to the dried paper, or by mixing the paper clay with the diluted clay first, and then drying the mixture.

In the secondary mixing step, the granular fine powder, 20 to 30 parts by weight of coal ash and 5 to 30 parts by weight of basalt fine powder are mixed with 100 parts by weight of the base material (S20). If the content of the granite fine powder is less than 10 parts by weight, the strength of the building material may be lowered and the shrinkage ratio may be increased to cause cracking in the product. If the granular fine powder content exceeds 50 parts by weight, Problems may arise.

The granular fine powder is a material that does not aggregate with each other and can withstand high temperatures, and is used in the granite cutting and polishing process in the granite processing process. In the granite cutting and grinding process, fine particles are generated. In this embodiment, water is sprayed on the surface to be cut and polished when cutting and polishing the granite, and the granular fine powder is mixed with water to be sludge.

Thereafter, the granite sludge thus prepared is placed in a sedimentation tank and allowed to stand for about 10 to 24 hours, thereby performing a sedimentation process (S21) in which the granite sludge is submerged in the bottom of the sedimentation tank by its own weight. When the granite sludge is completely submerged in the sedimentation tank, foreign substances and supernatant located on the sedimentation tank are removed, and the granite sediment is collected from the sedimentation tank and dried to obtain granular fine particles (S22).

At this time, if the particle size of the granite fine powder is too large, a foreign substance may be formed when blended with the base material, so that the granular fine powder can be sieved before mixing the granular fine powder. At this time, it is possible to select fine granular fine particles containing 80% or more of the fine particles passing through the sieve of preferably 80 mesh or less, more preferably 150 mesh, by controlling the size of the sieve.

Further, after the granular fine powder is dried, a de-ironing step can be performed if necessary. The de-ironing step removes iron particles that can flow in the stone processing process by passing granular fine particles dried in a de-ironing machine.

Further, after the above-mentioned de-ironing step, a heating step can be carried out if necessary. In the heating step, the granular fine powder after the de-ironing is heated to a high temperature to burn and remove the microorganisms contained in the granite. At this time, there is no particular restriction on the heating temperature and time, but sufficient heating is required to remove microorganisms.

These granites are distributed evenly in Korea. Especially, Pocheon granite is very suitable for manufacturing building materials according to the present invention because of its excellent material and properties.

The coal ash is contained in the waste gas generated when the pulverized coal is burned in the industrial facility. The fly ash collected in the air during the pulverized coal combustion and the bottom ash falling down to the bottom can be collected and used. Among them, fly ash is made in a state of small particles, and it has the effect of improving the waterproof effect and strength and making the surface more slippery when manufacturing building materials. The coal ash is generally white, but a black one may be used if necessary.

The granite used in the present invention is a light gray stone, which is white after firing, and basalt is black. Thus, by controlling the content of the granite, coal ash and basalt sludge, and further adding a pigment, various colors can be expressed.

 The coal ash is capable of withstanding temperatures of 1,700 DEG C or higher. When the coal ash is contained in a mixture for molding, it can be fired at a high temperature, so that a high-quality magnetic product can be produced. The bottom ash in the coal ash has a particle size larger than that of the fly ash, for example, about the size of a fine sand, and absorbs moisture when the air has a large amount of moisture, It can be used to control the ambient humidity when used in materials. In the present invention, the mixing amounts of the fly ash and bottom ash can be appropriately controlled in consideration of the firing temperature, the characteristics of the building material, and the surface texture of the building material to be manufactured.

If the content of the coal ash is less than 20 parts by weight, it may be difficult to form a processed body to be processed as described later, the strength of the building material may be lowered, and the shrinkage may be increased. When the content of the coal ash is more than 30 parts by weight, plasticity is not easy and the hardness of the product may be lowered after firing.

In addition, a dispersant may be further added to the base material so that granular fine particles and basalt fine particles are dispersed, if necessary. The dispersant may be, for example, one of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium silicate, sodium tripolyphosphate and Starch.

The basalt has the action of far-infrared radiation action and adsorption and decomposition of heavy metals in the body, thereby expanding the capillary blood vessels and promoting metabolism, thereby providing fatigue recovery, prevention of skin diseases and prevention of various adult diseases, The effect of refreshing the hair can be expected.

In addition, since the basalt rock has strong antimicrobial activity, it suppresses the reproduction of mites and fungi, which cause atopy, and has strong adsorption and deodorizing properties, so that it can be expected to reduce various unpleasant odors and formaldehyde. In addition, the basalt rock has a uranium content of about 0.88 ppm, which is considerably less than that of basic igneous rock, granite, sandstone, limestone, andesite and shale.

These basalt rocks contain about 50% of silicon dioxide (SiO2) as a main component. The silicon dioxide has a characteristic of weakening the viscosity and strengthening the fluidity, so that it is possible to more effectively increase the strength of the building material after firing and to prevent the occurrence of cracks.

If the content of the basalt fine powder is less than 5 parts by weight, the effect provided by the basalt can not be realized properly. If the content of the basalt fine powder exceeds 30 parts by weight, the viscosity becomes too low, Or bubbles are generated on the surface of the processed product, resulting in defective product.

At this time, the basalt fine powder may be used after the basalt sludge is previously subjected to a precipitation and drying process like granite sludge, followed by a filtration step to obtain a fine powder.

For example, when basalt is cut and polished, it is sprayed on the surface to be cut and polished so that the basalt fine powder is mixed with water to become sludge. Then, the basalt sludge thus prepared is placed in a sedimentation tank for about 10 to 24 hours And the basalt sludge is submerged in the sedimentation tank by its own weight. When the basalt sludge is completely submerged in the sedimentation tank, foreign substances and supernatant residing on the sedimentation tank are removed, and the basalt deposit is collected in the sedimentation tank, followed by drying and sieving to obtain a fine powder .

Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the granular fine powder, the coal ash and the basalt fine powder are mixed with the base material to prepare a mixture. At this time, the base material, the granular fine powder, the coal ash and the basalt fine powder are kneaded by using a kneader or a hand so that the granular fine powder, the coal ash and the basalt fine powder are mixed with a small amount It is divided into several times, and the dough is made.

In addition, the thus-mixed secondary mixture can be aged at about 15 ° C for about 7 days, so that water is uniformly sprayed and the bacteria can reproduce and further improve the formability.

Next, the granite mixture is molded into a block such as a brick or a processed material having various shapes such as boundary stones used for roads or flower beds, a built-in interior material such as indoor or outdoor decorative tiles, or ceramics lighting S30). At this time, the processed body may be molded into pollen, vital magnet or the like when necessary.

Next, the processed body is put into a kiln and fired at 850 to 1300 ° C for 6 hours to 16 hours (S40) to produce a building material. If the firing temperature is less than 850 ° C, the strength may be lowered and the fraying problem may occur. If the firing temperature is higher than 1,280 ° C, cracks may be generated on the surface of the product and a problem of shape deformation may occur. Further, if necessary, the content of coal ash can be controlled to increase the firing temperature, thereby enabling high quality magnetic production. In addition, in such a firing process, the basalt melts and becomes an adhesive component, so that the bonding between the granite component and the coal ash is more strengthened, so that the strength of the product can be expected to be further improved. In addition, the basalt rocks have an effect of improving the waterproof property of finished products as an effect of glaze when melted during the firing process.

Thereafter, if necessary, a second firing step in which the glaze is applied to the surface of the building material and baked once in the kiln can be further performed. The secondary firing can be expected to further improve the luster and absorptivity of the product surface or increase the strength. Meanwhile, the glaze may be colored glaze when it is desired to change the color of the building material, and it is preferable not to add the pigment in the first glaze when the colored glaze is used.

In general, it is ideal that the building material produced through the firing and drying process does not cause cracking and does not shrink during drying and firing. Generally, however, cracks can easily occur if the clay is not uniformly dried. Paper has insufficient rigidity and is vulnerable to heat. Granite can be fired at a high temperature, but it is impossible to form a desired shape by itself.

The building material produced by this embodiment is relatively less sensitive to the firing temperature due to the granular fine component and has excellent plasticity, less shrinkage than general clay after firing, and can greatly improve the strength of the building material.

The shrinkage percentage is 14.5% for US paper clay products, 13 to 15% for Daewon A products, and 18 to 20% for Daewon B products. On the other hand, the construction materials including the granular sludge of this embodiment The shrinkage is 10 to 13%, which means that the shrinkage is relatively less than that of the conventional product, and cracks do not easily occur.

In addition, it is possible to increase the strength of the building material to a certain level without adding, for example, silicon sand or the like due to the granular fine powder component, to increase the heat resistance of the building material by the soil and granite fine particles, In addition to easily molding the material in various forms, it is possible to easily express the surface of the building material in desired colors by adding pigment to the paper component, if necessary.

Since coal as a main component is a very light material, when aggregates are manufactured by mixing basalt, which acts as an adhesive and coal ash, with granite, lightweight, heat insulation, sound absorption, heat resistance, The processability can be greatly improved as compared with the natural aggregate.

Test Example

2 is a test report showing the bending strength according to the KS standard of a granite-basalt ceramic tile manufactured by a method of manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Here, the bending strength is defined as the maximum tensile stress on the surface of the specimen which is broken when bent. The granite sludge used as the sample of this example was collected in an amount suitable for the test. As shown in FIG. 2, the granite-basalt ceramic tile of the present example has a bending strength of 90 N / cm and a high strength.

FIG. 3 is a test report showing the characteristics of the lightweight aggregate manufactured by the method of manufacturing a building material according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the lightweight aggregate of the present example shows excellent stability in test results, excellent durability in the surface dry saturated state, excellent shrinkage in the absolute dry state density, and excellent water absorption.

4 is a test report showing the result of the hazard test according to the KS standard of the lightweight aggregate manufactured by the method of manufacturing the building material according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, only a very small amount of noxious components such as lead-free lead (Pb) and eluted cadmium (Cd) is not detected or is below the reference value, so that the lightweight aggregate produced by the present invention is an environmentally friendly component have.

The present invention is not limited by the above-described embodiment and the accompanying drawings, but is intended to be limited by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. something to do.

S10: primary mixing step
S20: Secondary mixing step
S21: Granite sludge settling phase
S22: Granite sediment drying stage
S30: Process of forming a workpiece
S40: Processing step of the sintered body

Claims (7)

A primary mixing step of mixing 1 to 40% by weight of paper and 60 to 99% by weight of a mixture of water and soil to prepare a base material;
A second mixing step of mixing 10 to 50 parts by weight of granite fine powder, 5 to 30 parts by weight of basalt fine powder and 20 to 30 parts by weight of coal ash with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base material to prepare a mixed material;
Molding the mixed material into a processed body of a predetermined shape; And
Firing the processed body at 850 to 1300 캜; / RTI >
In the second mixing step, the granite sludge is placed in a sedimentation tank and precipitated for 10 to 24 hours. After the supernatant is removed from the sedimentation tank, the granite sediment submerged in the bottom of the sedimentation tank is collected and dried to obtain granular fine particles, ; And basalt sludge are placed in a sedimentation tank for 10 to 24 hours, the supernatant is removed from the sedimentation tank, the basalt deposit settled in the bottom of the sedimentation tank is collected and dried to obtain a basalt fine powder and mixed with the base material; And a granite, coal ash, and basalt. The method according to claim 1, wherein the primary mixing step comprises: mixing 1 to 40% by weight of paper with water, stirring the mixture for 5 minutes to 1 hour, passing the mixture through a sieve to make paper porridge, And a method of manufacturing a building material utilizing granite, coal ash, and basalt. [3] The method according to claim 2, wherein the base material is prepared by first drying paper and then mixing powdered soil. [3] The method of claim 2, wherein the base material is prepared by mixing paper and diluted earth first, and then drying the granular material, coal ash, and basalt. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary mixing step further comprises adding pigment to the base material to impart color to the base material. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of applying a glaze to the surface of the processed body after the firing step, followed by secondary firing. A building material utilizing granite, coal ash, and basalt produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

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