KR20180000148A - Spinning apparatus for manufacturing of high strength pet fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spinning nozzle device to produce high strength polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers. To this end, a spinning hole on a spinning nozzle is positioned on the outside of a pack body, and then is heated at a temperature higher than the pack body using an additional heating body, so as to control a molecular chain-entangled structure in a molten polymer, thereby improving mechanical properties of the PET fibers such as elongation and strength. By minimizing a rise in the temperature as high heat from the heating body is delivered to the pack body, it is possible to prevent reduction in physical properties due to deterioration of the molten polymer in the pack body. In addition, the spinning nozzle device of the present invention is capable improving stretchability while applying existing processes such as a stretching process and a melt spinning process in addition to a spinning nozzle designs which are actually commercialized, thereby enabling mass-production of high performance fibers at a low cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a spinning nozzle apparatus for manufacturing a high strength PET fiber,

The present invention relates to a spinning nozzle apparatus for manufacturing a high strength PET fiber, and more particularly, to a spinning nozzle apparatus for manufacturing a high strength PET fiber, and more particularly, to a spinning nozzle apparatus for manufacturing a high strength PET fiber by optimizing a heating method for a spinning portion in a process of melt spinning a PET resin through a spinning nozzle, By controlling the molecular chain entanglement structure in the polymer to improve the extensibility of the fiber, it is possible to improve the mechanical properties such as strength and elongation, to lower the melt viscosity of the resin while utilizing the existing processes of the melt spinning and drawing processes, To a spinning nozzle apparatus for producing high strength PET fibers capable of mass-producing high-strength fibers at low cost by improving the stretchability.

The maximum known strength of the commercialized PET fiber is 1.1 GPa and the maximum strength of the high strength fiber (extreme performance para-aramid (Kevlar) fiber 2.9 GPa) compared to the theoretical strength is 1 / 3 level, which is 3 to 4%. Accordingly, there is a limit to apply to industrial textile materials which require extreme performance, except for general clothing, living or industrial (tire cord) fiber materials.

As described above, PET and nylon-based fibers, which are non-liquid crystalline thermoplastic polymer fibers, have lower strength than PBO (xylon, Zylon) and para-aramid (Kevlar) fibers, which are liquid crystal polymer It is not possible to raise it extensively because there is a difference in the behavior of structure formation when processed into fibrous form in resin.

That is, since the liquid crystal polymer (LCP) forms a liquid crystal phase structure in a solution state, if a proper shear stress is applied, the difference in entropy of the fiber structure before and after spinning is small and the fiber structure is formed with a very high degree of orientation and crystallinity, .

On the other hand, since PET and nylon-based non-liquid crystalline thermoplastic polymers have a complicated structure in which polymer chains are intertwined with amorphous random coils in a molten state, a high shear stress and a subsequent stretching ratio (draft and elongation ratio, etc.) There is a problem that complete orientation crystallization (high strength) is relatively difficult due to the structure entangled with random coils. At this time, there is a large difference between entropy of fiber structure before and after spinning.

On the other hand, if the thermoplastic polymer fibers can be developed with relatively high strength compared with the conventional ones despite the structural disadvantage of the general thermoplastic polymer, since the application market and the ripple effect are very large, Various studies are being carried out in order to maximize the physical properties and increase the performance of the material.

For example, as a research for producing high-strength fibers, a method of using ultra high molecular weight PET resin (Ziabicki, A., "Effect of Molecular Weight on Melt Spinning and Mechanical Properties of High-Performance Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Fibers" . Res. J., 1996, 66, 705-712; 2. Uniaxial and Biaxial Extensional Flow ", Macromol., 2001, 34, 6056-6063), solidification of melt spinning Drawn Poly (ethylene terephthalate) ", Polymer, 1990, 31, 58-63], which is a study to maximize orientation by applying bath technology [Ito M., et al., "Effect of Sample Geometry and Drawing Conditions on Mechanical Properties of Drawn Poly Are reported.

However, considering the fact that the above studies are a laboratory scale approach for developing high strength PET fibers, commercialization has not been achieved due to limitations of workability and productivity compared to the effect of improving physical properties.

In recent years, in Japan, research and development have been made on using conventional thermoplastic polymers such as PET and nylon to increase the strength of existing fibers from 1.1GPa to 2GPa within a range that does not increase the manufacturing cost more than twice based on the melt spinning process have.

In addition, melt-structure control technology, molecular weight control technology, stretching / heat treatment technology, and evaluation / analysis technology are applied to the research and development fields that are finally applied to tire cords, which are the most consumed as industrial fibers, .

In particular, unlike a conventional melt-structure control technique that controls the formation behavior of a fiber structure through the molecular orientation and crystallization of a solidified fiber, a molecular entanglement in the melt phase polymer, And the structure control and behavior of non-oriented amorphous fiber were investigated to achieve high strength of PET fiber.

Therefore, as a means for controlling the molecular structure in the melt spinning process, development of high strength PET fiber has been reported through the design of spinning nozzle apparatus, laser heating, supercritical gas, coagulation bath, and the like.

Particularly, in the conventional melt spinning process, the high strength PET fiber is provided by the method of designing the spinning nozzle device. As an example of a method of locally heating the vicinity of the spinneret, FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the local heating by the spinneret .

Specifically, in the melt spinning process, the spinneret nozzle apparatus is provided with a spinneret 200 for spinning a pack-body 200 held from a pack-body heater 300 provided with a heat source of 100 to 350 캜. The nozzle 100 is fixed and the flow plate 500 and the distribution plate 600 are sequentially disposed on the spinning nozzle 100 so that the thermoplastic resin in a molten state flows through the distribution plate 600 and the flow plate 500 Is supplied to the spinning nozzle (100) and is radiated through the spinning hole (111) of the spinning nozzle (100).

The fiber 112 formed after the spinning is passed through the annealing heater 400 of 20 to 200 mm so as to uniformly apply the electric heater having a high temperature from room temperature to 400 캜 at a constant distance, thereby enabling heat transfer with high efficiency at a lower cost.

However, local heating of the fibers 112 by the annealing heater 400 is not a heating purpose but is used for maintaining a uniform temperature between the holes 111 in the lower portion of the spinning nozzle 100 The uniform heating is not applied to the fibers 112 since the distance between the fibers 112 and the annealing heater 400 is long because the temperature difference between the holes 111 is minimized.

Another radiation nozzle apparatus for locally heating the vicinity of the spinning nozzle in the conventional melt spinning process is a spinning nozzle apparatus in which the spinning nozzle diameter is reduced and the CO ₂ laser is irradiated right under the spinneret, g / den.) and the elongation of 9.1% (Masuda, M., "Effect of Control of Polymer Flow on Mechanical Properties of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Fibers" , Intern. Polymer Processing, 2010, 25, 159-169].

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of local heating by laser irradiation directly below the spinneret.

Specifically, the fiber 112 is formed after radiating CO ₂ laser irradiation part 410, the CO into the bottom of the spinning nozzle 100, the lower the pack body 200 in such a manner as to direct heating by the _second laser irradiation over 0-3 Mm, and a CO ₂ laser is irradiated at a position of 1 to 10 mm immediately after irradiation.

However, laser heating directly under the spinning nozzle 100 has a feature of heating a specific portion of the fiber 112 to a high temperature. However, the present invention can be applied to an actual commercialized spinning nozzle 100 having tens to tens of thousands of spinning holes 111 There are difficult limits.

The present inventors have made efforts to solve the problem of the local heating method under the state of the conventional spinning nozzle in the process of manufacturing the high strength fiber. As a result, the present inventors have found that, by optimizing the heat transfer method by heating near the spinning hole of the spinneret, The present inventors have accomplished the present invention by confirming that it is possible to mass-produce high-strength PET fibers at low cost by improving the stretchability by controlling the molecular chain entanglement structure in the melt phase polymer and improving the mechanical properties such as strength and elongation of PET fiber.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spinning nozzle device for manufacturing high strength PET fibers by positioning the spinning hole portion of the spinning nozzle outside the pack body in the melt spinning process of the PET resin and optimizing the heating method for the spinning hole portion.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a battery pack, comprising the steps of: providing a pack body, a pack body heater installed outside the pack body to provide a heat source to the pack body, And a spinneret disposed in the pack body for feeding PET resin in a molten state into the spinneret, wherein the spinneret has a fixing part positioned inside the pack body, Wherein a plurality of discharge holes for forming fibers by melt-spinning a PET resin are formed in the radiation part so that the discharge hole is located outside the pack body, The radiating part is provided with a heater body for heating a room-use hole portion located outside the pack body to a temperature higher than the temperature of the pack body by 100 ° C, In the nozzle apparatus.

In this aspect, a clearance is formed so that the inner side wall of the pack body and the outer side wall of the fixing portion maintain a noncontact state, and the radiating portion formed with the radiating hole is formed by extending 5-100 mm from the lower end of the pack body, It is preferable that the heating body is formed in a ring shape so as to surround the circumference of the side wall of the radiating part.

According to the spinning nozzle apparatus for producing a high strength PET fiber of the present invention having the above-described characterizing feature, the heating method for the spinning nozzle of the spinning nozzle is optimized in the melt spinning process, and the spinning nozzle of the spinning nozzle, The heat transfer method is optimized by heating the hole for use in the room with the heating body and the molecular chain entanglement structure in the polymer is controlled by heating at the instantaneous high temperature to improve the stretchability of the PET resin, The mechanical properties are improved.

Accordingly, the present invention can be applied to a variety of materials such as tire cords, transportation interior materials for automobiles, trains, airplanes, ships, civil engineering and building materials, electronic materials, ropes and nets, In addition to being useful for military use, lightweight sportswear and clothes such as work clothes, uniforms, furniture and interiors, sporting goods, and life-saving roads are also available, thus securing a wide range of markets.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a spinning nozzle apparatus for producing high strength PET fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a radiation part of a spinning nozzle device provided with a conventional spinneret.
3 is a sectional view of a radiation part of a spinning nozzle device provided with another conventional spinning nozzle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a spinning nozzle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the spinning nozzle apparatus of the present embodiment includes a pack body 11, A spinning nozzle 13 provided in the pack body 11 and radiating a PET resin in a molten state and a spinning nozzle 13 provided in the pack body 11 for providing a heat source to the melting body 11, And a flow plate (15) for allowing the PET resin to flow into the spinning nozzle (13).

The spinneret nozzle 13 of the spinning nozzle apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with the fixing portion 13b located inside the pack body 11 and the radiating portion 13b located outside the pack body 11 The radiating portion 13c is formed with a plurality of spinning holes 13a for melt spinning a PET resin to form the fibers F. As shown in FIG.

The radiating part 13c forming the radiating hole 13a is formed to extend 5 to 100 mm from the lower end of the pack body 11 so that the radiating hole 13a is located outside the pack body 11 .

A heating body 16 for heating a part of the discharge hole 13a located outside the pack body 11 is provided in the radiation part 13c of the spinning nozzle 13, So as to surround the side wall of the radiation part 13c.

Usually, the pack body 11 is maintained at 100 to 350 캜 from the pack body heater 12. When the temperature of the pack body 11 is less than 100 캜, most of the resin can not be melted, If it exceeds 350 ° C, the physical properties of the fiber are lowered due to rapid thermal decomposition of the resin, which is not preferable.

The temperature of the radiation portion 13c of the spinning nozzle 13 heated from the heating body 16 is preferably maintained at a temperature higher than the pack body 11 by at most 100 ° C, for example, 200 to 450 ° C , The temperature for heating the portion of the discharge hole 13a is set to be higher than the temperature for heating the molten resin in the pack body 11.

The temperature of the heating body 16 can be controlled by a normal electric heating wire or a heating medium as in the case of the pack body heater 12. Examples of the electric heating wire include Cu and Al casting heaters, A heater, a carbon heater, a ceramic heater, a PTC heater, a quartz tube heater, a halogen heater, and the like.

The radiation part 13c of the spinning nozzle 13 is positioned outside the pack body 11 and the radiating part 13c of the spinning nozzle 13 is located outside the pack body 11. In addition, A gap 17 is formed between the outer wall of the fixed portion 13b of the nozzle 13 and the inner wall of the pack body 11 so as to maintain a noncontact state. This is because the high temperature provided by the heating body 16 is transmitted to the pack body 11 through the spinning nozzle 13 and the temperature of the pack body 11 is raised, This is to prevent the problem that the material is deteriorated to deteriorate the physical properties.

According to the spinning nozzle apparatus of this embodiment, the molten PET resin flowing into the spinning nozzle 13 through the distribution plate 14 and the runner plate 15 is radiated through the spinning hole 13a to form fibers F). After spinning, the fiber F is cooled, and the cooled fiber F is stretched by a combustor and then wound to produce a high strength PET fiber.

At this time, the heating body 16 instantaneously heats the radiation part 13c of the spinneret 13 exposed to the outside of the pack body 11 to a temperature higher than the temperature of the pack body 11 by 100 ° C, It is possible to improve the mechanical properties such as strength and elongation of the PET fiber by controlling the molecular chain entanglement structure in the polymer melt phase emitted through the holes 13a.

Since the radiation part 13c of the spinning nozzle 13 is positioned outside the pack body 11 and kept in contact with the pack body 11 through the gap 17 as much as possible, It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the physical properties due to deterioration of the molten polymer in the pack body 11 by minimizing the temperature rise of the pack body 11 due to the transfer of the high temperature of the pack body 11 into the pack body 11 through the spinning nozzle 13.

Polyester (PET, PBT, PTT, PEN, etc.) resin having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 1.0 or more can be applied without limitation to the fiber (F) by applying the spinning nozzle apparatus of the above embodiment, Since it can be applied to the spinning nozzle device with minimum design change, it is possible to lower the initial investment cost, and to produce high-performance fiber at high cost and at low cost.

Further, in the spinning nozzle apparatus of the above embodiment, it is required to optimize the retention time, flow rate, and shearing rate of the molten polymer passing through the spinning hole 13a of the spinneret 13.

Therefore, the residence time of the molten polymer in the discharge hole 13a is preferably 3 seconds or less, and the flow rate is at least 0.01 cc / min or more. At this time, in the case of the polyester-based polymer, if the residence time exceeds 3 seconds, the molten polymer is exposed to excessive heat for a long time to cause deterioration, and if the flow rate is less than 0.01 cc / min, excessive heat is also exposed to the molten polymer And deterioration problems are undesirable.

The shear rate of the wall surface of the spinning nozzle 13 in the spinning nozzle 13 is preferably 500 to 100,000 / sec, and when the shearing speed is less than 500 / sec , The molecular orientation and structure control effect of the molten polymer due to low shear stress is reduced. When the molecular weight exceeds 100,000 / sec, melt fracture of the film due to the viscoelastic characteristics of the molten polymer occurs, leading to nonuniformity of the cross section of the fiber .

The spinning nozzle apparatus of the above embodiment can be applied to a melt spinning process in which at least one kind of PET polymer having an IV of 1.0 or more is used as a raw material. More specifically, it is possible to use a low-speed spinning method (UDY, 100 to 2000 m / min), a medium-low spinning method (POY, 2000 to 4000 m / min) ) Fiber (F) (long fiber) of 0.01 to 100 d / f can be applied to the single or multiple spinning process using the drawing process (SDY).

As described above, the spinning nozzle apparatus of the present invention improves the physical properties while utilizing the existing processes such as the design of the spinning nozzle apparatus which is actually commercialized and the melt spinning process and the drawing process, thereby lowering the initial investment cost, Fiber production is possible.

Based on mass production and low cost, price competitiveness and control of various fiber properties, it is possible to produce various products such as tire cords, interior materials for transportation such as automobiles, trains, airplanes, ships, civil engineering and building materials, In addition to being useful for military use, lightweight sportswear and clothes such as work clothes, uniforms, furniture and interiors, sporting goods, and life-saving roads are also available, thus securing a wide range of markets.

As described above, in the spinning nozzle apparatus for manufacturing high strength PET fibers of the present invention, in the melt-combined spinning process, the spinning hole portion of the spinning nozzle is positioned outside the pack body and the heating method of the spinning hole portion is optimized The strength and elongation were improved by controlling the molecular chain entanglement structure of the melt-phase polymer by instantaneous high-temperature heating to improve the stretchability of the PET fiber.

Thus, by providing polyester yarn of high strength among thermoplastic polymers, it is useful for marine use and military use such as tire cord, transportation interior material for automobile, train, air, ship, civil engineering and building material, electronic material, rope and net In addition, lightweight sportswear and clothes such as work clothes, uniforms, furniture and interiors, sporting goods, and life-saving roads are also available, thus securing a wide range of markets.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

11: pack body 12: pack body heater
13: Spinning nozzle 13a: Spin hole
13b: Fixing portion 13c: Radiation portion
14: distribution plate 15:
16: heating body 17: clearance
F: Fiber

Claims (4)

A spinning nozzle provided on the pack body for spinning PET resin in a molten state at a rate of IV 1.0 or more; and a spinning nozzle installed in the pack body, And a distribution plate and a sintering plate for allowing the molten PET resin to flow into the spinning nozzle,
Wherein the radiation nozzle comprises a stationary part located inside the pack body and a radiating part exposed from the pack body to the outside, and the radiation part has a plurality of chambers for melt- Wherein the use hole is formed outside the pack body,
Wherein the radiating nozzle has a heating body for heating the discharge hole portion located outside the pack body to a temperature higher than the temperature of the pack body by at most 200 degrees. The spinning nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein a gap is formed in the inner side wall of the pack body and the outer side wall of the fixing part to maintain a noncontact state. The high strength PET fiber manufacturing yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spinning portion having the spinning hole is formed to extend from the lower end of the spinning body by 5 to 100 mm so that the spinning hole portion is positioned outside the pack body. Nozzle device. The spinning nozzle device for manufacturing high strength PET fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating body is formed in a ring shape so as to surround the circumference of the side wall of the spinning portion.

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