KR101819668B1 - SPINNING NOZZLE for MANUFACTURING of HIGH STRENGTH FIBER - Google Patents

SPINNING NOZZLE for MANUFACTURING of HIGH STRENGTH FIBER Download PDF

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KR101819668B1
KR101819668B1 KR1020160008136A KR20160008136A KR101819668B1 KR 101819668 B1 KR101819668 B1 KR 101819668B1 KR 1020160008136 A KR1020160008136 A KR 1020160008136A KR 20160008136 A KR20160008136 A KR 20160008136A KR 101819668 B1 KR101819668 B1 KR 101819668B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
heating
spinning
nozzle
fiber
hole
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KR1020160008136A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20170088154A (en
Inventor
함완규
남인우
이승진
김도군
임기섭
이주형
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한국생산기술연구원
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/084—Heating filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/444—Yarns or threads for use in sports applications
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/48—Tyre cords
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers.
The present invention is based on the premise of optimizing the local heating method under the direct post spinning nozzle in the melt-combined spinning process, by indirectly heating the high-temperature heat transfer uniformly to all fibers radiated directly under the spinning nozzle, By optimizing the heat transfer method by double heating the fiber directly under the nozzle, the molecular chain entanglement structure in the melt phase polymer is controlled by instantaneous high temperature heating to improve the mechanical properties such as strength and elongation of the thermoplastic polymer fiber. In addition, the spinning nozzle of the present invention improves the mechanical properties while utilizing the existing spinning nozzle design and the conventional processes of the melt spinning process and the stretching process, so that it is possible to mass-produce high-performance fibers at low cost and increase the spinning speed and stretching speed The melt viscosity can be lowered without lowering the molecular weight, and the resin can be spinnable in a high molecular weight, whereby high-strength fibers can be produced.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers,

The present invention relates to a spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers, and more particularly, to a spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers, and more particularly, to a spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers, By controlling the molecular chain entanglement structure in the molten phase polymer of the thermoplastic resin to improve the stretchability of the fiber to improve the mechanical properties such as strength and elongation and to improve the mechanical properties such as the melting point The present invention relates to a spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers capable of mass-producing high-strength fibers at low cost by lowering the ductility, delaying the cooling rate of the fibers, and improving the stretchability.

The maximum known strength of the commercialized PET fiber is 1.1 GPa and the maximum strength of the high strength fiber (extreme performance para-aramid (Kevlar) fiber 2.9 GPa) compared to the theoretical strength is 1 / 3 level, which is 3 to 4%. Accordingly, there is a limit to apply to industrial textile materials which require extreme performance, except for general clothing, living or industrial (tire cord) fiber materials.

As described above, PET and nylon-based fibers, which are non-liquid crystalline thermoplastic polymer fibers, have lower strength than PBO (xylon, Zylon) and para-aramid (Kevlar) fibers, which are liquid crystal polymer It is not possible to raise it extensively because there is a difference in the behavior of structure formation when processed into fibrous form in resin.

That is, since the liquid crystal polymer (LCP) forms a liquid crystal phase structure in a solution state, if a proper shear stress is applied, the difference in entropy of the fiber structure before and after spinning is small and the fiber structure is formed with a very high degree of orientation and crystallinity, .

On the other hand, since PET and nylon-based non-liquid crystalline thermoplastic polymers have a complicated structure in which polymer chains are intertwined with amorphous random coils in a molten state, a high shear stress and a subsequent stretching ratio (draft and elongation ratio, etc.) There is a problem that complete orientation crystallization (high strength) is relatively difficult due to the structure entangled with random coils. At this time, there is a large difference between entropy of fiber structure before and after spinning.

On the other hand, if the thermoplastic polymer fibers can be developed with relatively high strength compared with the conventional ones despite the structural disadvantage of the general thermoplastic polymer, since the application market and the ripple effect are very large, Various studies are being carried out in order to maximize the physical properties and increase the performance of the material.

For example, as a research for producing high-strength fibers, a method of using ultra high molecular weight PET resin (Ziabicki, A., "Effect of Molecular Weight on Melt Spinning and Mechanical Properties of High-Performance Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Fibers" . Res. J., 1996, 66, 705-712; 2. Uniaxial and Biaxial Extensional Flow ", Macromol., 2001, 34, 6056-6063), solidification of melt spinning Drawn Poly (ethylene terephthalate) ", Polymer, 1990, 31, 58-63], which is a study to maximize orientation by applying bath technology [Ito M., et al., "Effect of Sample Geometry and Drawing Conditions on Mechanical Properties of Drawn Poly Are reported.

However, considering the fact that the above studies are a laboratory scale approach for developing high strength PET fibers, commercialization has not been achieved due to limitations of workability and productivity compared to the effect of improving physical properties.

In recent years, in Japan, research and development have been made on using conventional thermoplastic polymers such as PET and nylon to increase the strength of existing fibers from 1.1GPa to 2GPa within a range that does not increase the manufacturing cost more than twice based on the melt spinning process have.

In addition, melt-structure control technology, molecular weight control technology, stretching / heat treatment technology, and evaluation / analysis technology are applied to the research and development fields that are finally applied to tire cords, which are the most consumed as industrial fibers, .

In particular, unlike a conventional melt-structure control technique that controls the formation behavior of a fiber structure through the molecular orientation and crystallization of a solidified fiber, a molecular entanglement in the melt phase polymer, And the structure control and behavior of non-oriented amorphous fiber were investigated to achieve high strength of PET fiber.

Accordingly, as a means for controlling the molecular structure in the melt spinning process, development of high strength PET fiber has been reported through spinning nozzle design, laser heating, supercritical gas, and coagulation bath.

Particularly, in the conventional melt spinning process, the high strength PET fiber is provided by the method of designing the spinneret nozzle. In this method, local heating is performed around the nozzle. FIG. 10 is an embodiment of local heating by the direct- Sectional view taken along the line III-III in Fig.

Specifically, in the melt spinning process, the spinning nozzle 100 is placed in a pack-body 200 held from a pack-body heater 300 provided with a heat source of 100 to 350 ° C And the fiber 112 after the spinning is passed through the annealing heater 400 of 20 to 200 mm so as to uniformly apply the electric heater having the high temperature from room temperature to 400 DEG C at a constant distance, the heat transfer with high efficiency can be performed at a lower cost have.

However, local heating of the fiber 112 by the annealing heater 400 is not for heating but is used for maintaining a uniform temperature between the holes 111 under the spinning nozzle 100, Uniform heating is not applied to the fibers 112 because the distance between the fibers 112 and the annealing heater 400 is too long to be applied only to improve radiation workability and quality by minimizing the temperature deviation between the holes 111. [

Another method for locally heating the vicinity of the spinning nozzle in a conventional melt spinning process is to miniaturize the spinning hole diameter of the spinning nozzle and irradiate the CO 2 laser directly under the spinneret so that the PET fiber strength after stretching is 1.68 GPa (13.7 g / ) And a shrinkage of 9.1% have been reported [Masuda, M., "Effect of the Controlled Polymer Flow on Mechanical Properties of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Fibers", Intern. Polymer Processing, 2010, 25, 159-169].

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of local heating by laser irradiation directly under the spinning nozzle, and FIG. 13 shows a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.

More specifically, the lower part of the spinning nozzle 100 is heated to the lower end of the pack body 200 by a CO 2 laser irradiated through the CO 2 laser irradiation part 410 to the fiber 112 after spinning, And a CO 2 laser is irradiated at a position of 1 to 10 mm immediately after irradiation.

However, laser heating directly under the spinning nozzle 100 has a feature of heating a specific portion of the fiber 112 to a high temperature, but it is difficult to simultaneously apply the spinning nozzle 100 to an actual commercialization spinning nozzle 100 having tens to tens of thousands of spinning holes 111 There is a limit.

As a result, the inventors of the present invention have made efforts to solve the problem of the local heating method under the direct injection nozzle in the process of manufacturing the high strength fiber. As a result, the fibers radiated near the spinneret and the spinneret just below the spinning nozzle By optimizing the heat transfer method, it is possible to control the molecular chain entanglement structure in the melt phase polymer by the instantaneous high temperature heating to lower the melt viscosity and improve the stretchability, to improve the mechanical properties such as strength and elongation of the thermoplastic polymer fiber, The present inventors have completed the present invention by confirming that the fibers can be mass-produced.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spinning nozzle for manufacturing a high strength fiber by optimizing a heating method for a fiber after spinning and a spinning nozzle in a spinning nozzle in a melt spinning process of a thermoplastic resin.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is summarized as a spinning machine comprising: a nozzle body provided in a pack body of a spinning device and having a plurality of spinning holes for melt spinning a thermoplastic resin to form fibers; And a heating means disposed at a lower portion of the hole for heating the post-spinning fiber, wherein the heating means includes a hole-type heating hole through which the post spinning fiber passes, or a band- Type heating hole and a heat insulating material layer provided between the nozzle body and the heating body.

At this time, the thickness of the heat insulating material layer is set to 1 to 30 mm, and the heating body extends from the heat insulating material layer to a length of 1 to 500 mm, and a heating zone of the fiber is formed including the thickness of the heat insulating material layer and the extension length of the heating body do.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spinning machine comprising: a nozzle body provided in a pack body of a spinning device and having a plurality of spinning holes for melt spinning a thermoplastic resin to form fibers; And a heating means for heating the fiber after spinning at a temperature higher than the temperature of the pack body, and heating means for heating the fiber after the spinning, wherein the heating means comprises a hole type Or a heating body having a band-type heating hole through which a plurality of fibers arranged in a line are passed, or a part of the heating body is inserted.

At this time, the position of the lower surface of the nozzle body from the pack body is set to 1 to 300 mm with respect to the lower surface of the pack body, and the depth of insertion of the partially inserted heater into the lower surface of the nozzle body is set to 0.1 to 50 mm And an extension length of the heating body extending from the lower surface of the nozzle body is set to 0.1 to 500 mm, and an insertion depth of the heating body partially inserted into the lower portion of the nozzle body, A heating zone of the fiber is formed, including an extension of the sieve.

In the second aspect, a direct contact or a gap is formed between the upper surface of the heating body partially inserted into the lower portion of the nozzle body and the opposing surface of the nozzle body facing the upper surface of the heating body, So that the heating body simultaneously performs direct heating of the melted thermoplastic resin in the nozzle body before spinning and indirect heating of the fiber directly under the nozzle body.

In the first or second aspect, the hole-type heating hole or the band-type heating hole is formed so that the inner circumferential surface is spaced apart from the center of the fiber by an equal distance of 1 to 300 mm or less.

According to the spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers of the present invention having the characteristic features described above, the vicinity of the spinneret of the spinning nozzle and the method of heating the spinning fiber after the spinning nozzle are optimized, By optimizing the heat transfer method by heating the fibers before solidification directly under the nozzle, it is possible to control the molecular chain entanglement structure in the polymer by the instantaneous high temperature heating to improve the stretchability of the thermoplastic resin, It is possible to improve the mechanical properties.

In addition, the spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers according to the present invention can effectively retard the cooling rate of the fiber on the radiation by using a simple structure and a high energy efficiency heating apparatus utilizing the existing processes of the melt spinning process and the drawing process, And stretching speed, it is possible to reduce the initial investment cost, and to produce a high-performance fiber at a high production cost and at a low cost.

In addition, the spinning nozzle for manufacturing high strength fibers according to the present invention uses the conventional process of the melt spinning process and the stretching process while using a simple structure and high energy efficiency heating device, so that the viscosity of the molten resin in the spinneret can be effectively As a result, the use period of the spinning nozzle becomes longer, the spinning nozzle can spin at a higher shear speed and a hole specification of L / D to improve the spinning workability and fiber quality, It is also possible to produce high performance fiber at low cost by lowering the initial investment cost because it is possible to spin the ultrahigh viscosity resin.

Accordingly, the present invention can be applied to a variety of materials such as tire cords, transportation interior materials for automobiles, trains, airplanes, ships, civil engineering and building materials, electronic materials, ropes and nets, In addition to being useful for military use, lightweight sportswear and clothes such as work clothes, uniforms, furniture and interiors, sporting goods, and life-saving roads are also available, thus securing a wide range of markets.

The present invention can be applied not only to the field of fibers such as long fibers and short fibers of nonwoven fabric of thermoplastic resin, but also to the field of production of films, sheets, molding, containers and the like using the same.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a radiation part of a spinning device provided with a spinning nozzle for producing high-strength fibers according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.
2 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I in Fig.
3 (a) and 3 (b) are sectional views taken along a line I-I in Fig. 1 showing a modification of the first embodiment.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a radiation part of a spinning device provided with a spinning nozzle for producing high-strength fibers according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a sectional view taken along a line II-II in Fig.
6 (a) and 6 (b) are sectional views taken along a line II-II in Fig. 4 showing a modification of the second embodiment.
7 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of the PET fiber produced by the spinning nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
8 and 9 are graphs showing the mechanical properties of the PET fiber produced by the spinning nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a sectional view of a radiation part of a spinning device provided with a conventional spinneret.
11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of Fig.
12 is a cross-sectional view of a radiation part of a spinning device provided with another conventional spinning nozzle.
13 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in Fig.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line I-I in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 1, a spinneret 10 is a spinneret of a spinneret having a spinneret according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A pack body heater (30) is provided on the outer side of the pack body (20).

The spinning nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 12 having a plurality of spinning holes 11 for melt spinning a thermoplastic resin to form fibers F and a spinning nozzle And heating means for heating the post-spinning fiber (F).

The nozzle body 12 sprays a thermoplastic resin in a molten state through the spinneret 11 to form fibers F. The spinning fibers F are subjected to heat treatment through heating means, The high-strength thermoplastic polymer fibers are produced by cooling the fibers F and drawing the cooled fibers F by an in-line stretcher and then winding the fibers.

The heating means directly under the spinning nozzle 10 comprises a heating body 41 having a hole-type heating hole 41a of the same structure and number as those of the spinning hole 11 of the nozzle body 12 And the post-spinning fibers F pass through the heating holes 41a so as not to directly contact (for example, heat conduction) with the heating holes 41a when passing through the heating holes 41a.

To this end, the distance a1 from the inner circumferential surface of the heating hole 41a to the center of the fiber F is preferably set within a range of 1 to 300 mm, more preferably within a range of 1 to 30 mm. The heating hole 41a of the heating hole 41a can maintain a uniform temperature at the same distance in the 360 degree direction from the center of the heating hole 41a.

As a modification of the heating hole 41a, in the case of the spinning nozzle in which the spinning holes 11 are arranged concentrically, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), a plurality of radially arranged spinning nozzles It is also possible to form a band-shaped heating hole 41b in a circular shape so that the fibers F radiated from the hole 11 pass therethrough, In the case of the spinning nozzles arranged in a row, they can be formed as band-shaped heating holes 41b linearly formed to allow the fibers F radiated from the plurality of spinning holes 11 arranged in a row to pass therethrough. According to the form in which the radiation hole 11 is arranged in the nozzle body 12, it is possible to design various types of band-type heating holes such as arc-shaped and mountain-type, or to combine various types of heating holes have.

Like the heating hole 41a of the hole type, the distance a1 from the inner circumferential surface to the center of the fiber F is within a range of 1 to 300 mm, more preferably within a range of 1 to 30 mm Lt; / RTI >

1, it is preferable that the nozzle body 12 and the heating body 41 are not heat transferred to each other. For this purpose, a heat insulating material layer 43 is provided between the nozzle body 12 and the heating body 41, Respectively.

The temperature of the nozzle body 12 is equal to the temperature of the pack body heater 30. [ The heat insulating material layer 43 functions as a heat transfer blocking function to prevent the high temperature temperature provided by the heating body 41 located under the nozzle body 12 from being transmitted to the nozzle body 12, It is possible to prevent the problem that the raw material composed of the polyester-based polymer resin deteriorates in the nozzle body 12 to deteriorate the physical properties. At this time, the material for the heat insulating material layer 43 may be a known heat insulating material that realizes a heat insulating effect, and preferably uses an inorganic high temperature thermal insulating material including glass and a ceramic compound.

The thickness a2 of the heat insulating layer 43 is set such that the distance between the nozzle body 12 and the heating body 41 is in the range of 1 to 30 mm. For example, when the thickness a2 is more than 30 mm, the fibers F formed after spinning from the nozzle body 12 are cooled before being heat-treated by the heating body 41, I do not.

The extending length a3 of the heating body 41 is set to 1 to 500 mm from the bonding surface with the heat insulating material layer 43 and the thickness a2 of the heat insulating material layer 43 and the extending length of the heating body 41 (a3) to form a heating zone (40).

That is, the heating zone 40 of the first embodiment has a thickness a2 of the heat insulating material layer 43 set within 1 to 30 mm on the bottom surface of the nozzle body 12 and a thickness a2 of 1 to 500 mm from the heat insulating material layer 43 The fiber F is heated indirectly (for example, radiation) while passing through the heating body 41 formed by the extension length a3.

At this time, by setting the distance a4 from the portion directly under the nozzle body 12 to the lower end surface of the pack body 20 within the range of 1 to 50 mm, the entire heat insulating material layer 43 and the heating body 41 ) Is located in the pack body (20). Thereby, indirectly (for example, radiation) heating is performed on all the fibers F immediately after the spinning, whereby the mechanical properties can be improved.

The heating zone 40 including the heating body 41 and the heat insulating layer 43 shown in the first embodiment designed as described above can be immediately applied without directly changing the design of the spinneret 10 to be commercialized, Can produce high-performance fibers at low cost, mass production and low cost.

In the heating zone 40 of the first embodiment, the entire fiber F discharged after the spinning is instantaneously heated at a uniform distance and at a high temperature by the heating body 41, whereby the molecular chain entanglement structure in the molten polymer Thereby preventing the deterioration of the physical properties due to deterioration of the molten polymer by preventing the high temperature heat from being transmitted to the spinneret 11 of the nozzle body 12 by the heat insulating material layer 43 Thereby improving the strength and elongation of the thermoplastic polymer fibers and mass-producing high-strength fibers at low cost. Therefore, when the fibers (F) are formed by applying the heating zone (40) of the first embodiment described above, conventional thermoplastic resins can be applied without limitation, and more preferably, they are particularly advantageous for application of a polymer resin which is weak to heat.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a radiation part of a spinning device provided with a spinning nozzle 50 for manufacturing a high strength fiber according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along a line II-II in Fig. 4, The spinning nozzle 50 according to the shape is installed in the pack body 60 of the spinning device and the pack body heater 70 is provided on the outer side of the pack body 60.

The spinning nozzle 50 includes a nozzle body 52 having a plurality of spinning holes 51 for melt spinning a thermoplastic resin to form fibers F and a spinning nozzle And heating means for heating the post-spinning fiber (F).

The heating means in the second embodiment is a hole type heating hole 81a having the same structure and number as the radiation hole 51 of the nozzle body 52, Shaped heating hole 81b as shown in Fig. 1 and the post-spinning fiber F is made to pass through the heating hole 81a or 81b and the heating hole 81a Or 81b (for example, thermal conduction).

Since the heating holes 81a and 81b are the same as the heating holes 41a and 41b described in the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Referring again to FIG. 4, in the second embodiment, the lower surface position b1 of the nozzle body 52 is exposed and set to 1 to 300 mm from the lower surface of the pack body 60.

The heating means is inserted at a contact or insertion depth b2 of 0.1 to 50 mm on the lower surface of the nozzle body 52 without a heat insulating layer under the nozzle body 52 and extends from the lower surface of the nozzle body 52 (b3) a heating body 81 extending to a length of 0.1 to 500 mm and has an insertion length b2 in which the heating body 81 is inserted into the nozzle body 52, The heating zone 80 is formed including the extended length b3 of the heating body 81 extending from the heating zone 80. [

4, a clearance b4 of 0 to 10 mm is formed between the upper surface of the heating body 81 inserted into the nozzle body 52 and the lower surface of the nozzle body 52 facing the upper surface of the heating body 81 The heating body 81 and the surface of the nozzle body 52 come into direct contact with each other (clearance: 0 mm) and heated by direct or indirect (e.g., conduction or radiation) with a gap b4 of 10 mm maximum, The melted thermoplastic resin is first directly heated (for example, conducted) in the vicinity of the radiation hole 51.

Therefore, the heating zone 80 is formed by the thermoplastic resin melted in the vicinity of the radiation hole 51 in the nozzle body 52 before spinning with the insertion length b2 of the heating body 81 inserted into the lower part of the spinning nozzle 52 B3) of the heating body 81 extending from the lower surface of the nozzle body 52 to a length of 0.1 to 500 mm from the lower surface of the nozzle body 52. The heating body 81 is heated by direct heating (for example, conduction or radiation) (For example, radiation) the fiber F in a molten state before solidification, which is discharged from the nozzle body 52 after spinning.

At this time, when inserting the heating body 81 up to 50 mm in the lower part of the nozzle body 52 in the heating zone 80 of the second embodiment, the heat of the high temperature is transmitted and the radiation of the nozzle body 52 The lower surface position b1 of the nozzle body 52 is designed to be exposed to the range of 1 to 300 mm from the lower surface of the pack body 60 in consideration of deterioration of the physical properties of the molten polymer in the hole 51 desirable.

The heating zone 80 according to the second embodiment of the present invention directly transfers the high temperature heat to the vicinity of the radiation hole 51 of the nozzle body 52 due to the structural change of the lower end in the nozzle body 52 which is actually commercialized, (F) is indirectly heated by a heating body (81) formed directly under the heating body (52), thereby controlling the molecular entanglement structure in the polymer by the instantaneous high temperature heating The mechanical properties such as strength and elongation can be improved by improving the stretchability of the obtained thermoplastic polymer fiber.

Therefore, the second embodiment can change the structure of the nozzle body 52 which is actually commercialized and can immediately apply it, so that the initial investment can be lowered, and the high-performance fiber can be produced in mass production and at low cost.

In the second embodiment, the heating body 81 is partially inserted into the nozzle body 52 to heat the vicinity of the radiation hole 51 of the nozzle body 52, and the viscosity of the molten resin radiated through the radiation hole 51 It is possible to improve the productivity in accordance with the increase of the stretching ratio and the spinning speed. Especially, the spinning of the ultrahigh molecular weight resin, which was impossible to spin the existing high viscosity by the relaxation of the viscosity near the spinning hole 51, Can be realized.

In order to achieve the same object in the heating means of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the residence time, the flow rate and the flow rate of the molten polymer passing through each of the emission holes 11 and 51 of the nozzle bodies 12 and 52 Optimization of shear rate is required.

Thus, the residence time of the molten polymer per hole is preferably 3 seconds or less, and the flow rate is at least 0.01 cc / min or more. At this time, in the case of the polyester-based polymer, if the residence time exceeds 3 seconds, the molten polymer is exposed to excessive heat for a long time to cause deterioration, and when the flow rate is less than 0.01 cc / min, excessive heat is also exposed to the molten polymer And deterioration problems are undesirable.

In the nozzle bodies 12 and 52 of the first and second embodiments, the shear rate of the wall surface of the radiation holes 11 and 51 is preferably 500 to 100,000 / sec, the shear rate is 500 / sec , The molecular orientation and structure control effect of the molten polymer due to low shear stress is reduced. When the molecular weight exceeds 100,000 / sec, melt fracture of the film due to the viscoelastic characteristics of the molten polymer occurs, .

That is, the heating holes 41a, 41b, 81a and 81b of the heating bodies 41 and 81, which are the features of the present invention, are designed to have the same structure and number as the radiation holes 11 and 51 of the nozzle bodies 12 and 52 , And the fibers (F) discharged after spinning are locally heated while passing through the heating bodies (41, 81). In particular, the heating holes 41a and 81a of the hole type maintain the structure of the emission holes 11 and 51 of the nozzle bodies 12 and 52, And the temperature is maintained at the same distance in the 360 degree direction from the center of the emission holes 11, 51 of the nozzle bodies 12, 52 (Figs. 2 and 3) 5).

The band-type heating holes 41b and 81b have a linear structure facing 180 degrees with respect to the emission holes 11 and 51 of the nozzle bodies 12 and 52, And is formed so as to be symmetrical within 300 mm (see Figs. 3 and 6).

At this time, the heating holes 41a, 41b, 81a and 81b are designed by an indirect heating method in which the fibers F that are passed through after radiation do not directly touch the heat. The size of the heating holes 41a, 41b, 81a, It is highly likely that the heating bodies 41 and 81 are brought into contact with the fibers F when the distance from the center of the radiation holes 11 and 51 of the bodies 12 and 52 is less than 1 mm, (F) are generated, and the fiber quality and workability are deteriorated. Also, the fiber (F) may be deteriorated due to excessive heat exposure. If it exceeds 300 mm, sufficient heat transfer to the fiber (F) It is difficult to control the molecular chain entanglement structure in the scarf fiber polymer and the effect of improving the physical properties is lowered.

1 and 4, the hole diameter D of the nozzle body 12 is set to 0.01 to 5 mm, and the hole length L is set to be L / D 1 or more, and the number of holes (11, 51) in the nozzle body is one or more.

The pitch between the radiation holes 11 and 51 is 1 mm or more and the radiation holes 11 and 51 have a circular shape in the embodiment of the present invention, -, O, etc.) can also be applied. In addition, two or more kinds of composite spinning such as sheath-core type, side-by-side type and sea-island type can be made through the spinneret including the spinning nozzles 10,

The heating holes 41a and 81a of the heating bodies 41 and 81 of the heating bodies 41 and 81 of the present invention are identical in number to the radiation holes 11 and 51 of the nozzle bodies 12 and 52, A square, a donut, and the like.

The heating elements 41 and 81 can be applied as ordinary electric heating wires. Examples of the heating elements 41 and 81 include a Cu-based and an Al-based cast heater, an electromagnetic induction induction heater, a sheath heater, a flange heater, cartridge heater, a coil heater, a near-infrared heater, a carbon heater, a ceramic heater, a PTC heater, a quartz tube heater, a halogen heater, a nichrome wire heater and the like.

In the first and second preferred embodiments of the spinning nozzle for producing a high-strength thermoplastic fiber according to the present invention, the heating bodies 41 and 81 have temperature differences of 0 to 1,500 ° C with respect to the temperature of the pack bodies 20 and 60, At least equal to or higher than the temperature.

The nozzle bodies 12 and 52 are fixed to the pack bodies 20 and 60 maintained at 100 to 350 ° C from the heat sources of the pack body heaters 30 and 70, Is equal to the temperature of the heaters (30, 70). If the temperature of the spinning nozzles 12 and 52 is less than 100 ° C, most of the resin can not be melted and becomes hard to spin. When the temperature exceeds 350 ° C, the physical properties of the fiber deteriorate due to rapid thermal decomposition of the resin, I do not.

At this time, the temperature of the pack body heaters 30, 70 can be controlled by an electric heater or a heat medium.

Thereafter, the melted thermoplastic resin forms the fibers F discharged through the spinning nozzles 10, 50 including the nozzle bodies 12, 52. As the thermoplastic resin, nylon series (Nylon 6, Nylon 66, Nylon 4, etc.) and olefin series (PP and PE, etc.) may be used in addition to polyester type polymers (PET and PBT, PTT and PEN). Particularly, in the embodiment of the present invention, polyester fibers are the most preferable, and the present invention can be applied to textile fields such as PET long fibers, short fibers and nonwoven fabrics, and can be applied to the field of production of films, sheets, will be.

The spinning nozzles 10 and 50 of the first and second embodiments can be applied to a melt spinning process in which at least one thermoplastic polymer is used as a raw material. Specifically, monofilaments can be applied to single or multiple spinning processes, and monofilaments having a fiber diameter of 0.01 to 3 mm can be provided at a spinning speed of 0.1 to 200 m / min.

The spinning nozzles 10 and 50 of the first and second embodiments can be used in combination with a low speed spinning method (UDY, 100 to 2000 m / min), a medium to low spinning method (POY, 2000 to 4000 m / min) Applied to fiber (F) (long fiber) single or multiple spinning process of 0.01 to 100 d / f using spinning (HOY, over 4000 m / min), spinning and in-line drawing process (SDY) can do.

In addition, the present invention can be applied to a staple fiber single fiber or a composite spinning process at a spinning speed of 10 to 3000 m / min to provide a fiber having a fiber diameter of 0.01 to 100 d / f, and a spinning speed of 100 to 6000 (spun-bond and melt blown) single and composite spinning processes which realize a fiber diameter of 0.0001 to 100 d / f. But it can also be applied to polymer resin molding and extrusion processes.

As described above, the spinning nozzles 10 and 50 of the present invention improve the physical properties while utilizing existing processes such as the design of the spinning nozzles 10 and 50 which are actually commercialized and the melt spinning process and the drawing process, , And it is possible to produce high-performance fibers with high production cost and low cost.

Based on mass production and low cost, price competitiveness and control of various fiber properties, it is possible to produce various products such as tire cords, interior materials for transportation such as automobiles, trains, airplanes, ships, civil engineering and building materials, In addition to being useful for military use, lightweight sportswear and clothes such as work clothes, uniforms, furniture and interiors, sporting goods, and life-saving roads are also available, thus securing a wide range of markets.

Hereinafter, the operation of the first and second embodiments will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.

The present invention is intended to more specifically illustrate the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

≪ Example 1 >

Example 1 uses a spinning nozzle 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. A polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin (intrinsic viscosity of 1.21 dl / g) is melt-extruded in an extruder, And introduced into the body 12. At this time, low-speed spinning was carried out from the heat source of the pack body heater 30 in a state wrapped in the pack body 20 maintained at the same temperature as the nozzle body 12 to produce unstretched PET fiber. At this time, the heating body 41 having the same hole structure and the same number of heating holes 41a as the radiation hole 11 of the nozzle body 12 and the heat insulating material layer 43 just below the nozzle body 12, 5 mm and 10 mm length from the lower surface of the body 12, respectively, to form the heating zone 40 of the indirect heating type of the fibers immediately after the discharge. The heating zone 40 composed of the heat insulating material layer 43 and the heating body 41 has a plurality of heating holes 41a having a radius larger than 10 mm at the center of each radiation hole 11 of the nozzle body 12, So that the fiber F is designed to be able to transmit heat without directly touching it while passing through the fiber F as it is.

(1) Radiation condition

- Nozzle body temperature: 300 ℃

- Discharge amount per spinning hole: 4 g / min

- Radial speed: 1km / min

- Temperature of heating body: 400 ℃ or more

(2) Results of physical property analysis (see FIG. 7)

- the strength of the PET fiber obtained in the off state of the heating body 41 compared to the strength of 230 MPa and the elongation of 435%

The strength of the PET fiber obtained in the ON state of the heating body 41 was 231 MPa and the elongation was 455%, and the strength was increased in the similar range and the elongation was increased by 4.6% and the toughness was increased.

≪ Example 2 >

Example 2 uses a spinning nozzle 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. A polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin (intrinsic viscosity of 1.21 dl / g) is melt-extruded in an extruder, And introduced into the body 52. At this time, low-speed spinning was carried out from the heat source of the pack body heater 70 in the form packed in the pack body 60 maintained at the same temperature as the nozzle body 52 to produce unstretched PET fiber. At this time, the lower surface of the nozzle body 52 is exposed 2 mm from the lower surface of the pack body 60 and the radiation hole (not shown) of the nozzle body 52 at a distance of 5 mm from the lower surface of the nozzle body 52 without a heat insulating layer The heating body 81 having the same structure and the same number of the heating holes 81a as the heating body 81 is formed to have a length of 20 mm so as to form the heating zone 80 of the direct / Respectively.

The heating zone 80 has a plurality of heating holes 81a having a radius greater than 10 mm at the center of each of the radiation holes 51 of the nozzle body 52 so that the fiber F after spinning is heated 81, and is directly heat-transferred to a point 5 mm below the nozzle body 52. The nozzle body 52 has a diameter of 5 mm.

(1) Radiation condition

- Nozzle body temperature: 300 ℃

- Discharge amount per spinning hole: 4 g / min

- Radial speed: 1km / min

- Temperature of heating body: 400 ℃ or more

(2) Results of physical property analysis (see FIG. 8)

The strength of the PET fiber obtained in the off state of the heating body 81 was 210 MPa and the elongation was 485%

- The strength of the PET fiber obtained in the heating state (81) turned on was 211 MPa and the elongation was 520%, and the strength was increased in the similar range and elongation by 7.2%, and the toughness was increased.

≪ Example 3 >

The PET fiber was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that in-line stretching was carried out immediately after low-speed spinning under the following process conditions.

(1) spinning and high-speed in-line stretching conditions

- Nozzle body temperature: 300 ℃

- Discharge amount per spinning hole: 4 g / min

- Temperature of heating body: 400 ℃ or more

- 1 st roll speed and temperature: 1000 m / min and 85 ° C

- 2 nd roll speed and temperature: 4000 m / min and 130 ° C

- Winding speed: 3,960 m / min

(2) Results of physical property analysis (see FIG. 9)

- the strength of the PET fiber obtained in the off state of the heating body 81 compared to 1180 MPa and elongation 11.0%

- The strength of the PET fiber obtained in the heating state (81) turned on was 1175 MPa and the elongation was 13.8%, and the strength was increased in the similar range and elongation by 25%, and the toughness was increased.

From the above results, the unstretched PET obtained after low-speed spinning in Examples 1 and 2 showed only improved elongation without increasing the strength under the same conditions. This result means that the toughness until fracture is increased, and that the increase in elongation can increase the stretching ratio, and thus it is possible to produce a higher strength fiber at a higher stretching ratio than in the past.

Further, in the case of the stretched PET obtained after the high-speed spinning in Example 3, although the stretching was performed at the same stretching ratio, the result still higher than the conventional one was confirmed. From these results, it was confirmed that the stretching can be further performed and the strength can be further increased.

For example, in the case where the present invention is applied to the conventional test values without applying the heating elements 41 and 81, the maximum draw ratio can be increased from 5.5 times to 6.2 times, and the intensity thereof has been improved from 1.2 GPa to 1.4 GPa .

As described above, the spinneret for high strength fiber production according to the present invention is optimized in the heating method under the state of the nozzle body immediately after the spinning in the melt composite spinning process. The spinning nozzle of the present invention, By optimizing the heat transfer method by double heating, the molecular chain entanglement structure of the molten phase polymer is controlled by instantaneous high temperature heating to improve the extensibility of the thermoplastic polymer fibers, thereby improving the strength and elongation.

The spinning nozzle for producing a high-strength thermoplastic polymer fiber according to the present invention improves physical properties while utilizing existing processes such as a melt spinning process and a stretching process, thereby lowering initial investment costs, and enabling high-performance production of fibers with high production cost and low cost.

Thus, by providing polyester yarn of high strength among thermoplastic polymers, it is useful for marine use and military use such as tire cord, transportation interior material for automobile, train, air, ship, civil engineering and building material, electronic material, rope and net In addition, lightweight sportswear and clothes such as work clothes, uniforms, furniture and interiors, sporting goods, and life-saving roads are also available, thus securing a wide range of markets.

In particular, by providing high-strength PET fibers, it can be applied to textile fields such as PET long fibers, short fibers, and nonwoven fabrics, and can be utilized in the field of production of films, sheets, molds, containers and the like.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

10, 50: spinning nozzle 11, 51:
12, 52: nozzle body 20, 60: pack body
30, 70: Pack-body heater 41, 81:
41a, 41b, 81a, 81b: heating hole 43: heat insulating material layer
F: Fiber

Claims (7)

A nozzle body provided in a pack body of the spinning device and having a plurality of spinning holes for forming fibers by melt spinning a thermoplastic resin; and heating means disposed below the spinning hole of the nozzle body for heating the spinning fiber ≪ / RTI &
Wherein the heating means includes a heating body having a hole-type heating hole through which the post-spinning fiber passes, and a heat insulating material layer provided between the nozzle body and the heating body,
Wherein the hole-type heating holes are formed such that inner circumferential surfaces are spaced apart from each other by an equal distance of 1 to 300 mm from the center of each of the fibers. The heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the heat insulating material layer is set to 1 to 30 mm, the heating body extends from the heat insulating material layer to a length of 1 to 500 mm, and the thickness of the heat insulating material layer, Characterized in that a heating zone is formed. A nozzle body provided in a pack body of the spinning device and having a plurality of spinning holes for forming fibers by melt-spinning a thermoplastic resin; and a nozzle body disposed in the vicinity of the spinning hole of the nozzle body, Heating means for heating the fiber after spinning at the same time as heating to a high temperature,
The heating means includes a heating body having a hole-type heating hole through which the fiber after spinning passes, or a heating body having a strip-type heating hole through which a plurality of fibers arranged in a line pass, And a part of the sieve is inserted into the opening of the spinning nozzle. 4. The nozzle body according to claim 3, wherein the position of the lower surface of the nozzle body from the pack body is set to 1 to 300 mm with respect to the lower surface of the pack body, And an extension length of the heating body extending from the lower surface of the nozzle body is set to 0.1 to 500 mm and the depth of insertion of the heating body partially inserted into the lower portion of the nozzle body, Characterized in that a heating zone of the fiber is formed including an extension length of the heating body extending from the heating zone. The high strength fiber manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein a direct contact or a gap is formed between the upper surface of the heating body partially inserted into the lower portion of the nozzle body and the opposite surface of the nozzle body facing the upper surface of the heating body Spray nozzle. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the depth of insertion of the heating body inserted into the lower portion of the nozzle body is set at a maximum of 50 mm so that the heating body directly heats the thermoplastic resin melted in the nozzle body before spinning and indirect heating Is performed at the same time. The high-strength fiber manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the hole-type heating hole or the band-type heating hole is formed such that the inner circumferential surface thereof is spaced apart from the center of each of the fibers by 1 to 300 mm Spray nozzle.
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KR101975889B1 (en) * 2014-06-13 2019-05-07 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Spinneret of synthetic fiber
KR101975883B1 (en) * 2014-06-24 2019-05-07 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Spinneret of synthetic fiber
KR102344856B1 (en) 2018-03-29 2021-12-28 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Spinning pack for manufacturing yarn having high strength, apparatus comprising the same and method for manufacturing the yarn

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