KR20170143094A - Planar heater, heating assembly and fan heater comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a surface heater exhibiting a high caloric value with low power, a heating assembly having the same, and a fan heater. According to the present invention, the surface heater comprises: a lower insulating layer; an electrode wiring pattern; a plurality of surface heating elements; and an upper insulating layer. The electrode wiring pattern is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer. The plurality of surface heating elements are formed to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring pattern by printing a liquid heating element composition on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer. And the upper insulating layer is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer to cover the plurality of surface heating elements.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a planar heater, a heating assembly including the same,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot air heater, and more particularly, to an area heater, a heat generating assembly including the same, and a hot air fan.

BACKGROUND ART [0002] Recently, a variety of electric driving devices driven by electricity due to concerns of depletion of fossil fuels, such as electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) PHEV) are being developed. An electric vehicle is an automobile whose main power source is electric energy through a battery without an engine, and no exhaust gas is generated at all. A hybrid electric vehicle is an automobile that uses both an engine and an electric motor, and can reduce the load on the engine to improve energy efficiency. And a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is a hybrid electric vehicle in that an engine and an electric motor are used together, and a battery is different from a hybrid electric vehicle in that it charges through an external power source through a plug-in.

Such an electric driving apparatus essentially requires a battery for supplying electricity. The battery uses a lithium battery that can be charged and discharged.

Among these electric driving devices, the electric vehicle has a hot air fan for heating. That is, the electric vehicle is an automobile that uses electric energy as a main power source through a battery without an engine, so a heat source for heating such as a hot air fan is separately required.

PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heaters are mainly used as electric heaters for electric vehicles. The PCT heater is driven by DC 60V and DC 72V to heat the heat sink, and blows air to the heat sink using a DC 12V blower.

However, the power consumption of the hot air fan using the PTC heater is 0.8 to 1.6 KWh, which is considerably high considering the electric capacity of the electric vehicle. That is, the electric capacity of the electric vehicle is about 20 KWh, but the actual usable capacity for overcharge prevention is about 80 to 90% of the capacity of the battery. Therefore, the actual available battery capacity should be about 16 to 18 KWh, and the capacity of the battery will be continuously reduced according to the operation of the electric vehicle.

Therefore, when the hot air blower is operated, the electric power to be used for operating the electric vehicle is consumed in the heating, thereby causing a reduction in the traveling distance of about 50%, compared to when the hot air blower is not operated.

In addition, the conventional PTC heaters have a non-uniform heating characteristic because the heat generated by the PTC heater is not transmitted to the heat sink more than the high power consumption. This is attributed to the heat transfer between the PTC heater and the heat sink and the heat loss during thermal diffusion.

In addition, since the conventional hot air fan uses a DC-DC converter for the PCT heater and the blower because the PTC heater is driven by DC 60V and DC 72V and the blower is driven by DC 12V, the structure of the fan is complicated, Which is a factor in the increase of the market.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1469755 (issued on December 5, 2014)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a planar heating heater that exhibits a high heating value with low power, a heating assembly including the same, and a fan.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a planar heating heater capable of suppressing heat loss generated in a process of transferring heat generated from a heater to a heat sink, a heat generating assembly including the same, and a hot air fan.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hot air fan which can simplify the structure by using one DC-DC converter by making the electric power applied to the plane heat generating heater and the blower equal.

According to an aspect of the present invention, An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer; A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And an upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer to cover the plurality of planar heating elements.

The present invention also relates to a semiconductor device comprising: a metal substrate; And a pair of planar heating layers formed on both sides of the metal substrate, respectively. The pair of planar heating layers may include a lower insulating layer formed on one surface of the metal substrate, An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer; A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And an upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer to cover the plurality of planar heating elements.

The heating element composition may include a synthetic binder, conductive particles and ceramic particles including at least two of phenolic resin, acetal resin, isocyanate resin and epoxy resin.

The heating element composition may include 5 to 30 parts by weight of a mixed binder, 0.7 to 60 parts by weight of conductive particles, and 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of ceramic particles with respect to 100 parts by weight of the heating element composition.

The synthetic binder may include hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin.

The conductive particles may include at least two of carbon nanotube particles, graphite particles, silver powder, silver-coated nickel powder, and silver-coated copper powder.

The ceramic particles may include glass particles or silicon particles.

The plurality of planar heating elements may be formed in a line on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer.

The electrode wiring pattern may include a first electrode pad spaced apart from the plurality of planar heating elements; A first connection wiring connected to the first electrode pad and formed on one side of the plurality of planar heating elements along the plurality of planar heating elements; A plurality of first electrode terminals connected to the first connection wiring and formed respectively below the plurality of planar heating elements; A second electrode pad spaced apart from the plurality of planar heating elements and positioned adjacent to the first electrode pad; A second connection wiring connected to the second electrode pad and formed on the other side of the plurality of planar heating elements along the plurality of planar heating elements; And a plurality of second electrode terminals connected to the second connection wiring and formed respectively below the plurality of planar heating elements and spaced apart from the plurality of first electrode terminals.

The material of the metal substrate may be aluminum or copper.

The planar heating heater for a fan according to the present invention may further include a heat sink formed on a lower surface of the lower dielectric layer.

The present invention also provides a heat sink comprising: a plurality of stacked heat sinks having a plurality of vent holes formed therein; And at least one surface heat generating heater attached between the plurality of heat dissipating plates through an adhesive.

Further, the present invention provides a heat generating assembly comprising: the heat generating assembly; A blower installed at one side of the heat generating assembly and blowing air to one side of the heat generating assembly to discharge hot air to the other side of the heat generating assembly; A battery for supplying power required for driving the planar heating heater and the blower; And a DC-DC converter for converting the power of the battery and providing the power to the planar heating heater and the fan.

A hot air heater according to the present invention is a surface heating heater interposed between heat radiating plates, in which a heating element composition in the form of a paint containing metal powder, carbon particles and ceramic particles is printed and provided in a film form, It is possible to generate heat. That is, it is possible to generate heat up to 250 to 300 ° C by applying DC 12V to the surface heating heater, and the power consumption is 30 to 160 Wh, which is lower than that of the PTC heater.

Since the planar heating element of the planar heating element according to the present invention is formed of a thin film having a thickness of 5 to 200 占 퐉, the distance between the heat radiating plates attached to both sides of the planar heating element can be reduced. In addition, the surface heating heater is adhered through a silicone adhesive to suppress the formation of an air gap between the surface heater and the heat sink, thereby reducing the heat loss that may be caused by heat transfer and diffusion from the surface heater to the heat sink Can be minimized.

When a planar heating layer is formed on a metal substrate made of aluminum or copper having a good thermal conductivity and a high thermal capacity, the planar heating heater according to the present invention generates heat to 250 ° C. within 200 seconds by applying DC 12V to the planar heating heater It is possible to drive with low power of 30Wh. Further, since the wind is supplied to the planar heating heater through the blower, the temperature of the planar heating heater can be reduced by the provided wind.

By replacing the PTC heater for automobile having a large power consumption with the high efficiency hot air fan according to the present invention, it is possible to expect a remarkable increase in the traveling distance even when heating at the same battery capacity.

By applying the hot air fan according to the present invention to an electric vehicle, it is possible to increase the spread of the electric vehicle in many regions where there is a winter season.

Since the hot air heater according to the present invention can uniformize the power applied to the planar heating heater and the blower to DC 12V, the planar heating heater and the blower can be integrally controlled by one DC-DC converter, So that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

It is needless to say that the hot air fan according to the present invention can be applied to a variety of applications other than an electric car, and can be applied to a home appliance such as a radiator requiring warm air.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing a hot air heater including a planar heating heater according to the present invention; FIG.
2 is a view showing a heating assembly including the planar heating heater of FIG.
3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in Fig.
Fig. 4 is a plan view showing a first example of the planar heating heater of Fig. 1;
5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig.
Figures 6 and 7 are exothermic images of a heating assembly including a PTC heater.
8 is an exothermic thermal image of the first heating assembly including the planar heating heater of FIG.
9 is an exothermic thermal image of the second heat generating assembly including the planar heat generating heater of FIG.
10 is a graph showing the exothermic behavior and electrical characteristics of the second exothermic assembly.
11 is a cross-sectional view showing a second example of the planar heating heater of Fig.
12 is an exothermic thermal image of the planar heating heater of Fig.
13 is a graph showing an exothermic behavior and electrical characteristics of the planar heating heater of Fig.
14 is a view showing an apparatus for evaluating the exothermic performance of a planar heating heater.
Fig. 15 is a table showing the evaluation results of heat generation performance of the planar heating heater according to the first example.
16 is a table showing results of evaluation of heat generation performance of the planar heating heater according to the second example.
17 is a cross-sectional view showing a third example of the planar heating heater of Fig.

In the following description, only parts necessary for understanding embodiments of the present invention will be described, and descriptions of other parts will be omitted to the extent that they do not disturb the gist of the present invention.

The terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary meanings and the inventor is not limited to the meaning of the terms in order to describe his invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, so that various equivalents And variations are possible.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing a hot air fan including a heating element according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a fan according to the present invention includes a heating assembly 10, a blower, a battery, and a DC-DC converter, and may further include a controller.

The heating assembly 10 includes a plurality of stacked heat sinks 20 and at least one planar heating heater 30 attached between the plurality of heat sinks 20 through an adhesive.

The heat sink (20) is provided with a vent hole (21) through which air can pass. The air passing through the vent hole 21 is converted into warm air by the heat outputted from the heat sink 20. The heat generating assembly 10 according to FIG. 1 has a structure in which four surface heaters 30 are interposed between the eight heat sinks 20 laminated. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

The planar heating heater (30) is a plate type heater using a planar heating element formed by printing a liquid heating element composition. The surface heating heater 30 can be driven at DC 12V. The planar heating heater 30 can generate heat up to 250 to 300 ° C. by applying DC 12 V to the planar heating element. The power consumption is 30 to 160 Wh, which is lower than that of the PTC heater. The area heater 30 is interposed between the two heat sinks 20 by an adhesive. As the adhesive, an adhesive having thermal conductivity of silicone material can be used. In this case, the adhesive agent has a function of stably transferring the heat generated from the surface heat generating heater 30 to the two heat sinks 20 and a function of suppressing the presence of an air gap between the surface heat generating heater 30 and the heat sink 20 Function.

The blower 61 is installed at one side of the heat generating assembly 10 to blow wind (air) toward the heat generating assembly 10. Of course, the blower 61 is installed at a position capable of blowing air into the vent hole 21 of the heat sink 20. [ As the blower 61, a blower driven at DC 12V may be used. Thus, when the blower 61 blows air to one side of the heat generating assembly 10, the air is heated while passing through the air holes 21 of the heat generating assembly 10. [ The heated air is discharged to the other side of the heat generating assembly (10) by warm air.

The battery 63 supplies power necessary for driving the planar heating heater 30 and the blower 61. For example, the battery 63 may be a lithium battery installed in an electric vehicle. The lithium battery includes a plurality of lithium secondary battery cells. The lithium secondary battery cell is fabricated from a battery module that is bundled in a predetermined number, for example, about ten, in order to protect it from external impact, heat or vibration. The lithium battery is assembled into a battery pack by bundling a plurality of such battery modules.

The DC-DC converter 65 converts the power of the battery 63 into a power source that can be used by the surface heating heater 30 and the blower 61. At this time, the DC-DC converter 65 converts the power of the battery 63 into DC 12V, which is the operating voltage of the surface heating heater 30 and the blower 61, and provides it.

On the other hand, when the operating voltages of the planar heating heater 30 and the blower 61 are different from each other, a DC-DC converter 65 for converting to the respective operating voltages may be required.

The controller 67 is a microprocessor that controls the overall operation of the fan 100. When a signal requesting the driving of the hot air fan 100 is inputted, the controller 67 supplies the electric power of the battery 63 to the planar heating heater 30 and the blower 61 through the DC-DC converter 65, .

The heat generating assembly 10 according to the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a view showing a heating assembly 10 including the planar heating heater 30 of FIG. And Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in Fig.

The heating assembly 10 includes a plurality of stacked heat sinks 20 and a plurality of planar heaters 30 interposed between the plurality of heat sinks 20 as described above.

The heat sink 20 includes a base plate 23 and a corrugated heat sink fin 25 formed on the base plate 23. Ventilation holes 21 are formed between the heat sink 20 and the corrugated heat radiating fins 25. The radiating fin 25 is a corrugated pin applied to the radiator and may have a wave-like corrugated shape. The heat transferred from the planar heat-generating heater 30 to the heat sink 20 is discharged to the air vents 21 through the heat-radiating fins 25. As a result, when the air passes through the air vents 21, the air warms up by the heat emitted through the air vents 21. The heat sink 20 may be made of aluminum or copper material having excellent thermal conductivity.

And the area heater 30 is attached between the pair of heat sinks 20 by an adhesive 37. [ Both surfaces of the surface heating heater 30 are attached to the base plate 23 of the heat sink 20. [

At this time, the heat generating assembly (10) disclosed a structure in which four surface heaters (30) are interposed between the eight heat sinks (20) stacked. When the eight heat sinks 20 are referred to as first to eighth heat sinks from the top to the bottom, the four surface heaters 30 are disposed between the first and second heat sinks, between the third and fourth heat sinks, Between the heat sinks, between the seventh and eighth heat sinks. Of course, the number of the heat sinks 20 and the number of the surface heat generators 30 can be appropriately selected in the heat generating assembly 10 depending on the temperature of the targeted hot air and the size of the place to supply the hot air.

A first example of the planar heating heater 30 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. Here, FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a first example of the planar heating heater 30 of FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig.

The planar heating heater 30 according to the first example includes a lower insulating layer 41, an electrode wiring pattern 43, a plurality of planar heating elements 57 and an upper insulating layer 59. The lower insulating layer 41 has a lower surface and an upper surface, and the lower surface is attached to the heat sink through an adhesive. The electrode wiring pattern 43 is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41. The plurality of planar heating elements 57 are formed to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns 43 by printing a liquid heating element composition on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41. The upper insulating layer 59 is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41 to cover the plurality of surface heating elements 57 and the electrode wiring pattern 43.

At this time, the plurality of planar heating elements 57 are formed in a paint form, that is, a liquid heating element composition is printed and formed to a thickness of 200 μm or less. Preferably, the plurality of planar heating elements 57 may be formed to have a thickness of 5 to 20 mu m. Accordingly, since the planar heating heater 30 according to the first embodiment can be manufactured in the form of a thin film, the distance between the heat sinks stacked with the planar heating heater 30 interposed therebetween can be reduced, Can be quickly transferred to both heat sinks.

The planar heating heater 30 according to the first example will be described in detail as follows.

The lower insulating layer 41 and the upper insulating layer 59 cover the plurality of planar heating elements 57 formed between them to protect them from the external environment and provide insulation. An electrode wiring pattern 43 is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41 and the upper insulating layer 59 covers the electrode wiring pattern 43 together with the plurality of surface heating elements 57. At this time, the upper insulating layer 59 may be formed such that the electrode pads 45 and 51 of the electrode wiring pattern 43 are exposed to the outside.

The lower insulating layer 41 and the upper insulating layer 59 may each be formed to a thickness of 1 to 20 탆. As the material of the lower insulating layer 41 and the upper insulating layer 59, for example, polyimide, epoxy resin, optically clear adhesive (OCA), or optically clear resin (OCR) , But is not limited thereto.

A plurality of planar heating elements 57 are arranged in a matrix on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41. For example, the plurality of planar heating elements 57 may be formed in a line on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41. In the first example, five planar heating elements 57 are formed. However, the number, the number of heating elements, and the size of the planar heating elements 57 may vary depending on the area of the lower insulating layer 41.

In the first example, the reason why the plurality of area heating elements 57 are formed in a row is to minimize the path or length of the electrode wiring pattern 43 formed for applying power to the plurality of area heating elements 57. By minimizing the length of the electrode wiring pattern 43, it is possible to stably supply power to the plurality of area heating elements 57 by suppressing the voltage drop due to the increase in the length of the electrode wiring pattern 43. Therefore, stable heat generation uniformity of the plurality of area heating elements 57 can be maintained.

A plurality of area heating elements (57) are formed by printing a heating element composition, followed by drying and curing. As the printing method of the surface heating element 57, screen printing, gravure printing (to roll to roll gravure printing), comma coating (to roll to roll comma coating), flexo, imprinting, offset printing and the like can be used. Drying and curing can be carried out at 100 ° C to 180 ° C.

The heating element composition for forming the area heating element 57 includes a synthetic binder, conductive particles and ceramic particles. In order to form the planar heating element 57, the heating element composition to be fed into the printing step further includes an organic solvent and a dispersant, in addition to a synthetic binder, conductive particles and ceramic particles.

The heating element composition comprises 5 to 30 parts by weight of the mixed binder, 0.7 to 60 parts by weight of the conductive particles, 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of the ceramic particles, 29 to 80 parts by weight of the organic solvent and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of the dispersing agent per 100 parts by weight of the heating element composition .

The conductive particles include carbon particles or metal powder having conductivity. As the carbon particles, carbon nanotube particles or graphite particles can be used. As the metal powder, powders of silver, copper or nickel may be used. For example, the conductive particles may include 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of carbon nanotube particles, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of graphite particles or 10 to 60 parts by weight of metal powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the exothermic composition.

The carbon nanotube particles can be selected from single-walled carbon nanotubes, double-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, or mixtures thereof. For example, the carbon nanotube particles may be multi wall carbon nanotubes. When the carbon nanotube particles are multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the diameter may be 1 nm to 20 nm, and the length may be 1 to 100 mu m.

The graphite particles may have a diameter of 1 탆 to 25 탆 and a thickness of 1 nm to 25 탆.

The metal powders include powders of silver, copper or nickel. In the case of silver powder, it may have the form of a flake, a sphere, a polygonal plate, a rod, or the like. As the copper powder, silver coated Cu powder and nickel coated Cu powder can be used. As the nickel powder, silver coated Ni powder may be used.

When the surface heating element 57 is formed of the heating element composition including the carbon particles and the metal powder, the metal powder forms a main electrical network, and the space between the metal powders is filled with carbon particles to form a three-dimensional random network structure.

As described above, the heating element composition includes the carbon particles and the metal powder, so that the energy efficiency and heat generation rate of the surface heating element 57 can be increased. That is, the metal powder does not have the blackbody radiation function, but the black body radiation function can be realized by including carbon particles in the heating element composition. The heat resistance of the planar heating element 57 can be increased due to the carbon particles. And carbon particles can increase the heating rate and energy efficiency.

The specific resistance of the area heating element 57 can be determined by the content of carbon particles or metal powder in the total solid content. For example, it is possible to control the resistivity by only carbon particles up to the area of ¹ x 10 ^-2 ? Cm, but further introduction of the metal powder is required in the region below that. The planar heating element 57 according to the first example may have a resistivity of 9 ㅧ 10 ^-2 to 1.1 ㅧ 10 ^-3 Ωcm. As will be described later, the electrode wiring pattern 43 is preferably 400 times or more of the electric conductivity of the planar heating element 57.

The ceramic particles increase the heat capacity of the area heating element 57. That is, when the surface heater 30 is driven to generate heat and then the surface heater 30 is blown with the blower, the temperature of the surface heater 30 is lowered. At this time, by raising the heat capacity of the planar heat-generating heater 30, it is possible to suppress the problem that the temperature of the planar heat-generating heater 30 suddenly drops due to blowing. As such ceramic particles, glass particles or silicon particles can be used.

The synthetic binder includes at least two of phenolic resin, acetal resin, isocyanate resin, and epoxy resin so as to have heat resistance even at a temperature of about 300 캜. For example, the synthetic binders include at least two of epoxy, epoxy acrylate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenol resin

For example, the mixed binder may have a mixed form of hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal resin, and phenolic resin. Wherein the mixed binder includes 10 to 150 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin and 100 to 500 parts by weight of a phenolic resin based on 100 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate. When the phenolic resin is 100 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate, the heat resistance is lowered. When the amount exceeds 500 parts by weight, the flexibility of the surface heat emission element 57 is lowered and the brittleness is strengthened.

As described above, in the first example, by increasing the heat resistance of the mixed binder, even when the area heating element 57 is heated to a high temperature of about 300 DEG C, resistance change and breakage of the area heating element 57 can be suppressed.

Here, the phenolic resin means a phenolic compound including phenol and phenol derivatives. For example, phenol derivatives include p-cresol, o-Guaiacol, Creosol, Catechol, 3-methoxy-1,2-benzenediol (3- methoxy-1,2-benzenediol, Homocatechol, Vinylguaiacol, Syringol, Iso-eugenol, Methoxyeugenol, o- Cresol, 3-methyl-1,2-benzenediol and (z) -2-methoxy-4- (1-propenyl) -phenol 2-methoxy-4- (1-propenyl) -phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-4- (2-propenyl) Phenol, 3,4-dimethoxy-Phenol, 4-ethyl-1,3-benzenediol, Resole phenol, 4-methyl-1,2-benzenediol, 1,2,4-benzene triol, 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol 2-Methoxy-6-methylphenol, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol or 4-ethyl-2-methoxy- , Etc. It is not.

The organic solvent is for dispersing the conductive particles, the ceramic particles and the binder. The organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of Carbitol acetate, Butyl carbotol acetate, DBE (dibasic ester), Ethyl Carbitol, Ethyl Carbitol Acetate, Diethylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, butanol, and octanol.

Meanwhile, various methods commonly used may be applied to the dispersion process. For example, ultrasonic treatment (roll-milling), bead milling or ball milling Lt; / RTI >

The dispersant is used for smoother dispersion of the conductive particles and ceramic particles. Examples of the dispersant include conventional dispersants used in the art such as BYK, amphoteric surfactants such as Triton X-100, and ionic surfactants such as SDS Can be used.

The heating element composition according to the first example may further include 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent as an additive to 100 parts by weight of the heating element composition.

The silane coupling agent functions as an adhesion promoter for enhancing the adhesion force between the resins when the heating element composition is compounded. The silane coupling agent may be an epoxy-containing silane or a mercaptan-containing silane. Examples of such silane coupling agents include epoxy-containing 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) -ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxytrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, (Aminoethyl) 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane having an amine group and N-2 , N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-triethoxysilyl- Propylamine, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, isocyanate, 3-isocyanate propyltriethoxysilane, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

The electrode wiring pattern 43 is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41, and supplies power from the outside to the plurality of surface heating elements 57. The electrode wiring pattern 43 may be formed by laminating a metal layer on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41 and then patterning using a photolithography technique.

As the material of the electrode wiring pattern 43, silver (Ag), copper (Cu) coated with silver, nickel (Ni) coated with silver, or the like can be used. The electrode wiring pattern 43 may have a thickness of 5 to 15 mu m. For example, when the thickness of the electrode wiring pattern 43 is less than 5 占 퐉, a voltage drop may occur when the use voltage is DC 12V. Conversely, when the thickness of the electrode wiring pattern 43 exceeds 15 mu m, the electrode terminals 49 and 55 are formed on the upper surface of the surface heating element 57 formed so as to cover the electrode terminals 49 and 55 of the electrode wiring pattern 43 ), The step may be generated severely.

 The electrode wiring patterns 43 are connected in parallel to the plurality of planar heating elements 57 to apply power. The electrode wiring pattern 43 has a first electrode pad 45, a first connection wiring 47, a plurality of first electrode terminals 49, a second electrode pad 51, a second connection wiring 53, And a plurality of second electrode terminals (55).

The first electrode pad 45 and the second electrode pad 51 are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery (63 in FIG. 1) to receive power. The first electrode pad 45 and the second electrode pad 51 are spaced apart from the plurality of planar heating elements 57. In the first example, the first electrode pad 45 and the second electrode pad 51 are formed at positions spaced apart from the planar heating elements 57 located at the outermost positions in the direction in which the plurality of planar heating elements 57 are arranged However, the present invention is not limited to this.

The first connection wiring 47 is connected to the first electrode pad 45 and is formed along a direction in which a plurality of planar heating elements 57 are arranged on one side of the plurality of planar heating elements 57.

The plurality of first electrode terminals 49 are connected to the first connection wiring 47, and are formed below the plurality of surface heat emission elements 57, respectively.

The second connection wiring 53 is connected to the second electrode pad 51 and is formed along the direction in which a plurality of surface heating elements 57 are arranged on the other side of the plurality of surface heating elements 57. Thus, the first connection wiring 47 and the second connection wiring 53 can be formed parallel to each other with a plurality of planar heating elements 57 interposed therebetween.

The plurality of second electrode terminals 55 are connected to the second connection wiring 53 and are formed below the plurality of planar heating elements 57 and spaced apart from the plurality of first electrode terminals 49 . The first and second electrode terminals 49 and 55 may be formed parallel to each other.

The plurality of planar heating elements 57 receive power from the battery (63 in FIG. 1) through the first electrode terminal 49 and the second electrode terminal 55 and generate heat.

The heat generating behavior and electrical characteristics of the heat generating assembly 10 including the planar heat generating heater 30 according to the first example will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10 in comparison with the heat generating assembly including the PTC heater As follows.

Figures 6 and 7 are exothermic images of a heating assembly including a PTC heater. Here, the thermal image of FIG. 6 is obtained when DC 12 V is applied to the PTC heater. The thermal image of FIG. 7 is obtained when DC 24 V is applied to the PTC heater.

6 and 7, it can be seen that the temperature difference between the red box portion with the PTC heater and the heat sink is large, heat transfer is not performed properly, and the heat generation characteristic is uneven. The exothermic temperature also rises 240 ° C when DC 24V is applied, but it can be confirmed that the rate of temperature rise is slow.

It can be seen that the power consumption is 96W when driving DC 24V. This is because, as described above, the heat loss between the PTC heater and the heat sink and the heat loss during thermal diffusion are large.

8 is an exothermic thermal image of the first heating assembly including the planar heating heater of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 8, in this experiment, a first heating assembly is used, which is interposed between two heat sinks with a planar heating heater according to the first example, and then fixed with a clip. Thermal image was taken after DC 12V was applied to the surface heating heater. Referring to the thermal image, it can be seen that the first heating assembly has reached 200 ° C.

On the other hand, in this experiment, since the surface heating heater according to the first example is clipped between the two heat sinks, it is judged that there is an air gap between the two heat sinks. Because of this air gap, it is considered that the heat generated from the surface heating heater is transmitted to the heat sink.

9 is an exothermic thermal image of the second heat generating assembly including the planar heat generating heater of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 9, in the present experiment, a second heating assembly was used between four heat sinks, using four surface heaters according to the first example, as a silicone adhesive. The use of adhesives minimizes the occurrence of air gaps between the heat sinks. Thermal image was taken after DC 12V was applied to the surface heating heater.

Referring to the thermal image, it can be seen that the second heating assembly has reached 300 ° C. The heat generated by the surface heating heaters is transmitted to the heat sinks to confirm that the heat sinks are uniformly heated.

10 is a graph showing the exothermic behavior and electrical characteristics of the second exothermic assembly. Here, FIG. 10 shows current, resistance, and temperature changes at the time of heat generation in the exothermic behavior and electrical characteristics of the second heat generating assembly.

Referring to FIG. 10, it can be seen that the second heating assembly can be driven with a power amount of about 150 Wh, and the current and resistance behave stably at 300 ° C.

A second example of the planar heating heater 130 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a second example of the planar heating heater of FIG.

11, the planar heating heater 130 according to the second example includes a metal substrate 31 and a pair of planar heating layers 33 and 35 formed on both sides of the metal substrate 31, respectively. The pair of plane heating layers 33 and 35 includes a lower surface heating layer 33 formed on the lower surface of the metal substrate 31 and an upper surface heating layer 35 formed on the upper surface of the metal substrate 31. [ .

At this time, the pair of plane heating layers 33 and 35 are the planar heating heaters (20 of FIG. 5) according to the first example, respectively. That is, the pair of plane heating layers 33 and 35 includes a lower insulating layer 41, an electrode wiring pattern 43, a plurality of planar heating elements 57, and an upper insulating layer 59. At this time, the lower insulating layer 41 is formed on one surface of the metal substrate 31.

Except for the metal substrate 31, the planar heating heater 130 according to the second example has the same structure as the planar heating heater (30 in FIG. 5) according to the first example except for the pair of planar heating layers 33 and 35 The metal substrate 31 will be mainly described as follows.

The metal substrate 31 provides a stable heat capacity of the surface heating heater 130. That is, as a material of the metal substrate 31, a metal having a high heat capacity and excellent thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or copper, may be used. The metal substrate 31 may be formed to a thickness of 1 to 3 mm. Since copper has excellent heat capacity and thermal conductivity as compared with aluminum, when copper material is used as the material of the metal substrate 31, there is an advantage that the thickness can be reduced as compared with the case of using an aluminum material.

Exothermic behavior and electrical characteristics of the planar heating heater 130 according to the second example will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 12 is an exothermic thermal image of the planar heating heater of Fig. 13 is a graph showing an exothermic behavior and electrical characteristics of the planar heating heater of Fig.

12 and 13, a DC 12V was applied to the planar heating heater according to the second example, and a thermal image was photographed. The heating behavior and the electrical characteristics at the time of heating were measured. Here, the surface heating heater uses an aluminum substrate as a metal substrate.

Referring to the thermal image of FIG. 12, it can be seen that heat is diffused as a whole due to the high heat dissipation characteristics of aluminum in the planar heat-generating heater according to the second example.

Referring to the graph of FIG. 13, it can be seen that the planar heating heater according to the second example generates heat up to 250 ° C. within 200 seconds. It can be confirmed that the planar heating heater according to the second example can be driven with a power amount of about 30 Wh and the current and resistance behave stably at 300 ° C.

As described above, according to the present invention, the hot air heater according to the present invention is a surface heating heater interposed between heat radiating plates, in which a heating element composition in the form of a paint containing metal powder, carbon particles and ceramic particles is printed and provided in a film form, It is possible to generate heat at a high temperature. That is, it is possible to generate heat up to 250 to 300 ° C by applying DC 12V to the surface heating heater, and the power consumption is 30 to 160 Wh, which is lower than that of the PTC heater.

Since the planar heating element of the planar heating element according to the present invention is formed of a thin film having a thickness of 5 to 200 占 퐉, the distance between the heat radiating plates attached to both sides of the planar heating element can be reduced. In addition, the surface heating heater is adhered via a silicone adhesive so as to suppress the formation of an air gap between the surface heating heater and the heat sink, thereby minimizing the heat loss that may occur in the heat transfer and diffusion from the surface heating heater to the heat sink .

The planar heating heater according to the second example forms a planar heating layer on a metal substrate made of aluminum or copper having a good thermal conductivity and a large thermal capacity so that DC 12 V is applied to the planar heating heater, It is possible to drive with low power of 30W. Further, since the wind is supplied to the planar heating heater through the blower, the temperature of the planar heating heater can be reduced by the provided wind.

By replacing the PTC heater for automobile having a large power consumption with the high efficiency hot air fan according to the present invention, it is possible to expect a remarkable increase in the traveling distance even when heating at the same battery capacity.

By applying the hot air fan according to the present invention to an electric vehicle, it is possible to increase the spread of the electric vehicle in many regions where there is a winter season.

Since the hot air heater according to the present invention can uniformize the power applied to the planar heating heater and the blower to DC 12V, the planar heating heater and the blower can be integrally controlled by one DC-DC converter, And the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

In order to evaluate the heat generation characteristics of the planar heaters according to the first and second examples, a device 70 for evaluating the heat performance of the planar heaters as shown in Fig. 14 was used. Here, FIG. 14 is a view showing an apparatus 70 for evaluating the heat performance of the planar heating heater.

Referring to Fig. 14, the exothermic performance evaluation device 70 has a structure corresponding to a hot air fan. The heating performance evaluation device 70 includes a blower 71, a heater mounting portion 73, a pair of paper tubes 74 and 75, and a plurality of temperature sensors 76, 77, 78 and 79.

A heater installation part (73) is provided in front of the blower (71). A heater (H) is installed in the heater mounting portion (73). A pair of paper tubes 74 and 75 are connected to the heater mounting portion 73. The wind supplied from the blower 71 passes through the heater H in the heater mounting portion 73 and is discharged to the pair of paper tubes 74 and 75. At this time, the wind supplied from the blower 71 is heated while passing through the heater H, and is discharged through the paper tubes 74 and 75 as warm air.

The plurality of temperature sensors 76, 77, 78, and 79 are installed at positions where the temperatures of the pair of paper tubes 74 and 75 are measured. In this experiment, the first and third temperature sensors 76 and 78 are provided at the tip ends of a pair of paper tubes 74 and 75 connected to the heater mounting section 73, respectively, and the first and third temperature sensors Second and fourth temperature sensors 77 and 79 are provided to the pair of paper tubes 74 and 75, respectively, which are located at a distance of 1 m from the position where the first and second temperature sensors 76 and 78 are installed.

The pair of paper tubes 74 and 75 includes a first paper tube 74 and a second paper tube 75. The first paper tube 74 is provided with first and second temperature sensors 76 and 77. The second paper pipe 75 is provided with third and fourth temperature sensors 78 and 79. The position where the first temperature sensor 76 is installed is the A-spot, and the position where the second temperature sensor 77 is installed is the B-spot. The position where the third temperature sensor 78 is installed is the C-spot, and the position where the fourth temperature sensor 79 is installed is the D-spot. As the first to fourth temperature sensors 76, 77, 78, and 79, a K-type temperature sensor may be used.

The heater (H), the PTC heater, the planar heating heater according to the first example, and the planar heating heater according to the second example are respectively installed in the heater mounting part 73 of the heating performance evaluating device 70 to evaluate the heat generating performance Respectively. The results of evaluating the heat generation characteristics of the planar heaters according to the first and second examples by the heat performance evaluating device 70 of Fig. 14 are shown in Figs. 15 and 16. Fig. Here, FIG. 15 is a table showing the evaluation results of the heat generation performance of the planar heating heater according to the first example. In Fig. 15, "KETI heater" represents a planar heating heater according to the first example, and "FAN" represents a blower. 16 is a table showing results of evaluation of heat generation performance of the planar heating heater according to the second example. In Fig. 16, "KETI heater" represents a planar heating heater according to the second example, and "FAN" represents a blower. "Heat power" represents the amount of power.

As a result of evaluating the heat generation performance, it was confirmed that the PTC heater requires 990 Wh when the DC 72 V is applied.

On the other hand, it is confirmed that the area heating heater according to the first example requires a power amount of 150 Wh which is lower than that of the PTC heater. At this time, DC 12V was applied to the planar heating heater and the blower according to the first example.

On the other hand, in the planar heating heater according to the first example, as shown in Fig. 15, when the blower was driven at DC 12V, the temperature at a point 1 m away was measured at 29 to 30 占 폚. This is because the temperature of the surface heating heater is lowered by the wind supplied from the blower to the surface heating heater. That is, the surface heating heater uses polyimide as the material of the upper and lower insulating layers covering the plurality of surface heating elements. However, since the polyimide has a low heat capacity, it is judged that the temperature of the surface heating heater is lowered by the wind provided by the blower.

Next, as shown in Fig. 16, the planar heating heater according to the second example was measured at a temperature of 34 to 45 占 폚 at a position 1 m away from when the blower was driven at DC 12V.

This is because the temperature of the planar heating heater according to the second example is lower than that of the planar heating heater according to the first example by the wind supplied to the planar heating heater according to the second example in the blower. That is, it is considered that the planar heating heater according to the second example is provided with an aluminum substrate having a larger heat capacity than polyimide.

When DC 12V is applied to the blower and DC 20V or more is applied to the planar heating heater according to the second example, it can be confirmed that a person feels a sufficient heating characteristic to feel warmth.

These results indicate that the surface heating heater according to the present invention can improve the high power consumption of the conventional PTC heater.

On the other hand, the planar heating elements according to the first and second examples are examples in which the planar heating elements are formed so as to cover the electrode terminals of the electrode wiring pattern, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in Fig. 17, the planar heating element may be formed so as to cover only a part of the first and second electrode terminals.

17 is a cross-sectional view showing a third example of the planar heating heater 230 of FIG.

17, the planar heating heater 230 according to the third example includes a lower insulating layer 41, an electrode wiring pattern 43, a plurality of planar heating elements 57, and an upper insulating layer 59. The lower insulating layer 41 has a lower surface and an upper surface, and the lower surface is attached to the heat sink through an adhesive. The electrode wiring pattern 43 is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41. The plurality of planar heating elements 57 are formed to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns 43 by printing a liquid heating element composition on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41. The upper insulating layer 59 is formed on the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 41 to cover the plurality of surface heating elements 57 and the electrode wiring pattern 43.

The planar heating element 57 is formed by printing a liquid heating element composition so as to cover a part of the electrode terminals 49 and 55 of the electrode wiring pattern 43. That is, the planar heating element 57 is formed between the first and second electrode terminals 49 and 55 to connect the first and second electrode terminals 49 and 55, and the first and second electrode terminals 49 and 49 And 55 and a part of the upper surface.

At this time, the planar heating elements may be formed to have the same height as the first and second electrode terminals and electrically connected through the side surfaces of the first and second electrode terminals. In this case, however, since the power source is provided as a surface heat source through the side surfaces of the first and second electrode terminals, power can not be stably supplied to the planar heat generating element, and heat generation of the planar heat generating element may not be sufficiently performed.

It is needless to say that the planar heating heater according to the third example can be applied to the planar heating heater according to the second example.

Other examples of the surface heat generating heaters according to the first and second examples are separately manufactured and attached to the heat sink through an adhesive to realize a heat generating assembly. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, an area heater may be formed directly on the heat sink. That is, a surface heating heater can be manufactured by forming a lower insulating layer, an electrode wiring pattern, a plurality of planar heating elements and an upper insulating layer on a base plate of a heat sink. In this case, when a heat generating assembly is manufactured by laminating a heat radiating plate, an adhesive is interposed between the surface of the heat radiating plate in contact with the upper insulating layer of the surface heat generating heater.

It is also to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification and drawings are merely illustrative of specific examples for purposes of understanding and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

10: heat generating assembly 20: heat sink
21: vent hole 23: base plate
25: heat radiating fins 30, 130, 230: surface heat radiators
31: metal substrate 33: bottom surface heating layer
35: upper surface heating layer 37: adhesive
41: lower insulating layer 43: electrode wiring pattern
45: first electrode pad 47: first connection wiring
49: first electrode terminal 51: second electrode pad
53: second connection wiring 55: second electrode terminal
57: plane-shaped heating element 59: upper insulating layer
61: blower 63: battery
65: DC-DC converter 67: Controller
70: Exothermic performance evaluation device 71: Blower
73: heater mounting portion 74, 75: paper tube
76, 77, 78, 79: temperature sensor 100:

Claims (13)

A lower insulating layer;
An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer;
A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And
An upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer to cover the plurality of planar heating elements;
And a heater for heating the surface heat exchanger. A metal substrate; And
And a pair of planar heating layers formed on both surfaces of the metal substrate,
The pair of planar heating layers may be formed,
A lower insulating layer formed on one surface of the metal substrate;
An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer;
A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And
An upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer to cover the plurality of planar heating elements;
And a heater for heating the surface heat exchanger. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the heating element composition comprises a synthetic binder, conductive particles and ceramic particles comprising at least two of a phenol resin, an acetal resin, an isocyanate resin and an epoxy resin. The method of claim 3,
In the heating element composition,
Wherein the ceramic heater comprises 5 to 30 parts by weight of a mixed binder, 0.7 to 60 parts by weight of conductive particles, and 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of ceramic particles with respect to 100 parts by weight of the heating element composition. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the synthetic binder comprises hexamethylene diisocyanate, polyvinyl acetal, and phenolic resin,
Wherein the conductive particles include at least two of carbon nanotube particles, graphite particles, silver powder, silver-coated nickel powder and silver-coated copper powder,
Wherein the ceramic particles comprise glass particles or silicon particles. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the plurality of planar heating elements are formed in a line on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer. 7. The semiconductor device according to claim 6,
A first electrode pad spaced apart from the plurality of planar heating elements;
A first connection wiring connected to the first electrode pad and formed on one side of the plurality of planar heating elements along the plurality of planar heating elements;
A plurality of first electrode terminals connected to the first connection wiring and formed respectively below the plurality of planar heating elements;
A second electrode pad spaced apart from the plurality of planar heating elements and positioned adjacent to the first electrode pad;
A second connection wiring connected to the second electrode pad and formed on the other side of the plurality of planar heating elements along the plurality of planar heating elements; And
A plurality of second electrode terminals connected to the second connection wiring and formed respectively below the plurality of planar heating elements and spaced apart from the plurality of first electrode terminals;
And a heater for heating the surface heat exchanger. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the metal substrate is made of aluminum or copper. The method according to claim 1,
A heat sink formed on a lower surface of the lower insulating layer;
And a heater for heating the surface of the fan. A plurality of stacked heat sinks having a plurality of vent holes formed therein; And
And at least one planar heating heater attached between the plurality of heat sinks through an adhesive,
The planar heat-
A lower insulating layer attached to the heat sink located at one side by the adhesive;
An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer;
A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And
An upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer and covering the plurality of planar heating elements and attached to a heat sink located on the other side by the adhesive;
And a heat sink for heating the heat generator. A plurality of stacked heat sinks having a plurality of vent holes formed therein; And
And at least one planar heating heater attached between the plurality of heat sinks through an adhesive,
The planar heat-
A metal substrate; And
And a pair of surface heating layers formed on both surfaces of the metal substrate and attached to the heat sinks located on both sides of the metal substrate via the adhesive,
The pair of planar heating layers may be formed,
A lower insulating layer formed on one surface of the metal substrate;
An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer;
A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And
An upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer and covering the plurality of planar heating elements and attached to the heat sink by the adhesive;
And a heat sink for heating the heat generator. A heat generating assembly including a plurality of ventilation holes and a plurality of stacked heat sinks and at least one surface heater attached between the plurality of heat sinks through an adhesive;
A blower installed at one side of the heat generating assembly and blowing air to one side of the heat generating assembly to discharge hot air to the other side of the heat generating assembly;
A battery for supplying power required for driving the planar heating heater and the blower; And
And a DC-DC converter for converting power of the battery and providing the power to the planar heating heater and the fan,
The planar heat-
A lower insulating layer attached to the heat sink located at one side by the adhesive;
An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer;
A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And
An upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer and covering the plurality of planar heating elements and attached to a heat sink located on the other side by the adhesive;
And a heat exchanger. A heat generating assembly including a plurality of ventilation holes and a plurality of stacked heat sinks and at least one surface heater attached between the plurality of heat sinks through an adhesive;
A blower installed at one side of the heat generating assembly and blowing air to one side of the heat generating assembly to discharge hot air to the other side of the heat generating assembly;
A battery for supplying power required for driving the planar heating heater and the blower; And
And a DC-DC converter for converting power of the battery and providing the power to the planar heating heater and the fan,
The planar heat-
A metal substrate; And
And a pair of surface heating layers formed on both surfaces of the metal substrate and attached to the heat sinks located on both sides of the metal substrate via the adhesive,
The pair of planar heating layers may be formed,
A lower insulating layer formed on one surface of the metal substrate;
An electrode wiring pattern formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer;
A plurality of planar heating elements printed on a top surface of the lower insulating layer so as to be electrically connected to the electrode wiring patterns by printing a liquid heating element composition; And
An upper insulating layer formed on an upper surface of the lower insulating layer and covering the plurality of planar heating elements and attached to the heat sink by the adhesive;
And a heat exchanger.

Images