KR20170140781A - Porous carbonaceous structure formed by using porous geopolymer, method of preparing the same, and use of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a porous carbonaceous structure manufactured by using a porous geopolymer as a mold, and to a method for manufacturing the porous carbonaceous structure, wherein the method for manufacturing the porous carbonaceous structure is very simple and economical, the porous carbon structure not only has improved Lewis acid properties but also has uniform nanopores, and as the size of a pupil can be adjusted from the micropore to the mesopore, the porous carbonaceous structure can be used as electrode materials such as a catalyst, an adsorbent, a catalyst carrier, a sensor, or a battery.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a porous carbon structure using a porous geopolymer, a method for producing the porous carbon structure, and a method for producing the porous carbon structure,

The present invention relates to a porous carbon structure produced by using a porous geopolymer as a template, a method for producing the porous carbon structure, and a use of the porous carbon structure.

Generally, the porous carbon structure is produced by carrying a carbon precursor in a pore, using a silica-based porous molecular sieve as a template, carbonizing the resultant, and dissolving the template. The mesoporous carbon molecular sieve disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-1127 is a mesoporous carbon molecular sieve having mesopores prepared using a surfactant as a template material. silica molecular sieve) to produce a porous carbon molecular sieve. From this method, called nano-replication, "MCM-48", "SBA-1" and "SBA-15", in which micropores and mesopores are three- By using the same mesoporous silica molecular sieve as a mold, a porous carbon molecular sieve having ordered micropores and mesopores is produced. However, since the mesoporous silica used as the template in the above method is not economical because expensive TEOS (tetraethoxy orthosilicate) is used as the silicon raw material, the silicon used as the template can be collected and reused or replaced with an inexpensive silicon precursor such as TEOS Have been reported. Therefore, a method for economical production using a precursor that can replace TEOS in the production of porous silicates is required, and a technique for economically manufacturing a porous carbon material from the porous silica molecular sieve thus prepared should be developed There is a growing need.

In particular, techniques for partially doping Al ions to the silicon skeleton to impart catalytic properties to the mesoporous silica have been reported. In the conventional methods for preparing the mesoporous silica, Si precursor and Al A method of synthesizing mesoporous silica by adding a precursor or modifying the surface with Al after synthesis of mesoporous silica has been reported. However, the mesoporous structure of the mesoporous aluminosilicate prepared by such a method has a problem that excessive de-aluminum (Ryoo, R., et al. Chem. Commun. 2225 (1997); and Luan, Z. H., et al., J. Phys. Chem. 99, 10590 (1995)). This is because Al in the porous silica framework is hydrolyzed by the steam generated in the firing process (Corma, A., et al. J. Catal. 148 569 (1994); and Luan, Z. H., et al., J. Phys. Chem. 99, 10590 (1995)).

We have developed a new system to synthesize a porous geopolymer porous from natural clay, especially kaolin or meta-kaolin, and use this as a template to produce a porous carbon structure, which is produced using conventional TEOS This is a different system from the method for producing a porous carbon material from mesoporous porous silica. The present invention relates to a method for preparing a porous geopolymer, which uses a silica precursor in which a certain amount of fumed silica is mixed with meta-kaolin (Al / Si ratio is 1/1) 1,000), it was possible to develop a material having a stable porous structure even at a high temperature.

Therefore, according to the present invention, a porous aluminosilicate (porous geopolymer) which is stable even under a high temperature condition has been developed and the present invention of a technique for producing the porous carbon structure by using the same has cost about 400 times as much as that of TEOS It is an economical manufacturing technology using meta-kaolin, which is inexpensive and rich in nature, as its starting material, so its technical significance is great.

The present invention is directed to a porous carbon structure produced by preparing a porous geopolymer starting from kaolin, which is a natural clay, and using the porous geopolymer as a template, and a method for producing the porous carbon structure.

However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other matters not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a water-soluble polymer, comprising: hydrothermal reaction by aging a mixed solution obtained by mixing a first solution containing meta-kaolin or a precursor thereof and a base with a surfactant- And separating and precipitating the precipitate formed from the hydrothermally reacted mixed solution to remove the surfactant, thereby obtaining a porous geopolymer.

Second aspect of the present application is, Si / Al atomic ratio is in the range of about 1 to a range of about 1,000 and a porous geo-polymer containing a meso pore, the fundamental structure of forming the cavity is a tetrahedron and AlO ₄ units of SiO ₄ units Tetrahedra are connected and formed and have a repeating pore structure of the pore having a size ranging from about 2 nm to about 50 nm.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a porous polymer, comprising: impregnating a porous geopolymer according to the second aspect of the present invention with a carbon precursor-containing solution to support the carbon precursor in the pores of the porous polymer; And heating and carbonizing the porous geopolymer on which the carbon precursor is supported, and removing the porous geopolymer to obtain a porous carbon structure.

A fourth aspect of the invention provides a porous carbon structure having nanoporous and at least one reversed pore structure of the porous geopolymer according to the second aspect of the present application.

The fifth aspect of the present invention provides an electrode material for a catalyst, an adsorbent, a catalyst carrier, a sensor, or a battery of a porous carbon structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing a first solution comprising a meta-kaolin or a precursor thereof and a base, A porous carbon structure can be prepared using a hexagonal, cubic or wormlole like porous geopolymer as a template. The porous carbon structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is advantageous in that it is manufactured by using kaolin or meta-kaolin which is a precursor which is 400 times cheaper than TEOS.

In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the porous geopolymer has Lewis acid characteristics, and the porous carbon structure produced using the porous geopolymer has nanopores of uniform size and has micropores (about 0.6 nm- (Having a size in the range of about 2 nm to about 10 nm) in the mesopores (having a size in the range of about 1.5 nm to about 1.8 nm), it is possible to adjust the size of the pupil to a mesoporous And the like.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of making a porous geopolymer in one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of making a porous carbon structure from a porous geopolymer, in one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3a shows X-ray diffraction patterns measured on porous geopolymers with mesopores prepared according to Examples 1 to 10, 26 and 27 herein.
Figure 3b shows an X-ray diffraction pattern measured on porous geopolymers with mesopores prepared according to Examples 1, 11, 12 and 13 herein.
Figure 3c shows an X-ray diffraction pattern measured for porous geopolymers with mesopores prepared according to Examples 28 and 29 herein.
Figure 3d shows an X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a porous geopolymer having mesopores, prepared according to Examples 13 to 16 and 29 to 32, in one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3e shows an X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a porous geopolymer having a mesopore, prepared according to Example 40 herein.
Figure 3f shows an X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a porous geopolymer having mesopores prepared according to Example 42 herein.
4A shows an isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve of a porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 13 of the present application and a pupil size distribution curve by BJH analysis.
4B shows isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves for the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 23 of this application and a pupil size distribution curve by MP analysis.
4C shows an isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve of the porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 29 of this application and a pupil size distribution curve by BJH analysis.
Figure 4d shows the isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves for the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 36 of this application and the pupil size distribution curve by MP analysis.
Figure 4e shows the isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Example 40 of this application and the pupil size distribution curves by BJH analysis.
4f shows isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves for the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 41 of the present application and a pupil size distribution curve by BJH analysis.
Figure 4g shows the isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Example 42 of this application and the pupil size distribution curves by BJH analysis.
4H shows isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves for the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 43 of this application and a pupil size distribution curve by BJH analysis.
Figure 4i shows an isothermal CO ₂ adsorption curve showing the results of CO ₂ adsorption analysis for a porous carbon structure made according to Example 41 herein.
5A is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of a porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 13 of the present application.
Figure 5b is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of a porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 29 of the present application.
Figure 5c is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of a porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 39 of the present application.
5D is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of a porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 42 of the present application.
5E is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 23 of the present application.
5F is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of a porous carbon structure fabricated according to Example 36 of the present application.
5g is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 41 of the present application.
5H is a TEM photograph showing the porosity of the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 43 of the present application.
Figure 6 is a graph showing the thermal stability of the porous geopolymer in the Examples herein.
Figure 7a shows an X-ray diffraction pattern for a porous geopolymer with mesoporous, prepared according to Example 45 herein.
Figure 7b shows isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves showing the BET surface area analysis results of the mesoporous porous geopolymers prepared according to Example 45 of this application and the pupil size distribution curves by BJH analysis.
Figure 8a shows an X-ray diffraction pattern for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to Examples 46 to 49 herein.
Figure 8b shows isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves showing the BET surface area analysis results of mesoporous porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 46 to 49 herein and the pupil size distribution curves by BJH analysis.
9 shows an isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve showing the BET surface area analysis results for a porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 50 of this application and a pupil size distribution curve by MP analysis.
Figure 10a shows an X-ray diffraction pattern for a porous geopolymer having mesopores prepared according to Examples 51 to 53 of the present application.
10B shows isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves showing the BET surface area analysis results of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 51 to 53 of the present application and the pupil size distribution curves by BJH analysis.
11a shows the results of an X-ray diffraction experiment on a porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 54 of the present application.
11B shows the isothermal nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve showing the BET surface area analysis results for the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 54 of this application and the pupil size distribution curve by NLDFT analysis.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In the drawings, the same reference numbers are used throughout the specification to refer to the same or like parts.

Throughout this specification, when a portion is referred to as being "connected" to another portion, it is meant to include not only "directly connected" but also "electrically or electrostatically attracted" And the like.

Throughout this specification, when a member is " on " another member, it includes not only when the member is in contact with the other member, but also when there is another member between the two members.

Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as " including " an element, it is understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms " about ", " substantially ", etc. used to the extent that they are used throughout the specification are intended to be taken to mean the approximation of the manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated sense, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to help prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the referenced disclosure. The word " step (or step) " or " step " used to the extent that it is used throughout the specification does not mean " step for.

Throughout this specification, the term " combination (s) thereof " included in the expression of the machine form means a mixture or combination of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of the constituents described in the expression of the form of a marker, Quot; means at least one selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned elements.

Throughout this specification, the description of "A and / or B" means "A or B, or A and B".

Throughout this specification, the term "nanopore (s)" refers to a micropore (s) of about 0.2 to about 2 nm in size, as defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ), Mesopores (s) of about 2 to about 50 nm in size, and macropores (s) of about 50 nm or about 50 nm to about 1,000 nm in size.

Hereinafter, embodiments and examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and examples and drawings.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a water-soluble polymer, comprising: hydrothermal reaction by aging a mixed solution obtained by mixing a first solution containing meta-kaolin or a precursor thereof and a base with a surfactant- And separating and precipitating the precipitate formed from the hydrothermally reacted mixed solution to remove the surfactant, thereby obtaining a porous geopolymer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the mesoporous geopolymer mainly used as a template for producing the porous carbon structural body is produced by using meta-kaolin obtained by calcining kaolin as a precursor of aluminum and silicon and firing under high temperature conditions But may not be limited thereto. For example, the meta-kaolin can be obtained by heat-treating kaolin.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first solution may include, but is not limited to, a silica source. For example, the silica source is fumed silica (fumed silica), sodium silicate (waterglass), Ludox (Ludox ^®) or tetra (C _1-6 alkyl) ortho silrikeyiteugwa tetraalkyl ortho silicate [e.g., such as tetra Tetraethly orthosilicate (TEOS)], and the like, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the invention, the Si / Al atomic ratio in the mixed solution may be controlled to be in the range of about 1 or more, for example, about 1 to about 1,000, but is not limited thereto. For example, when kaolinite is used as a starting material of the meta-kaolin, the ratio of Si / Al atoms in the kaolinite is about 1 or more, Since Al can be dissolved or a Si precursor (source) can be additionally added during the reaction of the mixed solution obtained by mixing the first solution containing kaolin and the base and the surfactant-containing second solution, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > Si. ≪ / RTI >

For example, the Si / Al atomic ratio in the mixed solution may be in the range of about 1 to about 1,000, in the range of about 1 to about 900, in the range of about 1 to about 800, in the range of about 1 to about 700, From about 1 to about 100, from about 1 to about 100, from about 1 to about 500, from about 1 to about 400, from about 1 to about 300, from about 1 to about 200, from about 1 to about 100, From about 1 to about 60, from about 1 to about 40, from about 1 to about 20, from about 1 to about 10, from about 10 to about 100, from about 10 to about 80, from about 10 to about 60, From about 10 to about 40, from about 10 to about 20, from about 20 to about 100, from about 20 to about 80, from about 20 to about 60, from about 20 to about 40, from about 40 to about 100, To about 80, from about 40 to about 60, from about 60 to about 100, or from about 60 to about 80. In some embodiments, The Si / Al atomic ratio in the mixed solution is based on the nominal content of Al and Si which can be calculated from the initial concentrations of Al and Si present in the prepared initial mixed solution. If necessary, the actual contents of Al and Si can be easily measured by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry and / or inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometry commonly used in the art Lt; / RTI >

In one embodiment of the present invention, the higher the content of Al in the mixed solution than the silica, the better the properties and thermal stability of the porous geopolymer produced and the higher the content of Si, the more the fumed silica or TEOS The Si / Al molar ratio in the mixed solution may preferably be in the range of about 2 to about 10, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment herein, the porous geopolymer can be a mesoporous geopolymer and the size of the pores of the porous geopolymer can be adjusted to a range from about 2 nm to about 50 nm, But may not be limited. For example, the size of the pupil of the mesoporous geopolymer may range from about 2 nm to about 50 nm, from about 2 nm to about 40 nm, from about 2 nm to about 30 nm, from about 2 nm to about 20 nm, From about 10 nm to about 50 nm, from about 10 nm to about 40 nm, from about 10 nm to about 30 nm, from about 10 nm to about 20 nm, from about 20 nm to about 50 nm, from about 20 nm to about 40 nm nm, from about 20 nm to about 30 nm, from about 30 nm to about 50 nm, from about 30 nm to about 40 nm, or from about 40 nm to about 50 nm.

In one embodiment herein, the meta-kaolin may be solubilized by a base, and the equivalent ratio of aluminum to the base to meta-kaolin may range from about 2 to about 10, have.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the base may be used without limitation as long as it is a strong base capable of dissolving meta-kaolin, for example, but may include, but is not limited to, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. For example, nano clusters, i.e., four-coordinate coordination compounds, AlO ₄ , which is the base material in which meta-kaolin is dissolved by the strong bases to form the skeleton of the porous geopolymer, and aluminum and silicon in the basic unit of SiO ₄ But may not be limited to, a mixed solution containing a cluster type having a nanometer size. In this connection, the silicate monomer _{[SiO x (OH) 4 -} x x -, where x = 0 to 3], dimer silicates _{[Si 2 O x + 1 (} OH) 6-x x-, where x = 0 to 3 , Nanoclusters such as silicate polymer species, aluminate monomers [Al (OH) ₄ ^- ], aluminosilicate oligomers, aluminosilicate polymers and the like are formed during the decomposition of the meta- And then the nanoclusters provide a structural framework to form the porous geopolymer. For example, the aqueous solution in which the meta-kaolin is dissolved by the strong base may be a very strong basic, pH about 10 to about 14, about 11 to about 14, about 12 to about 14, or about 13 to about 14.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminosilicate anion of the mixed solution may form a porous structure through a molecular assembly reaction in the presence of a surfactant, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant may include an ionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant. Specifically, the surfactant may include, but is not limited to, CTAB, P123, or F127.

In one embodiment herein, the nonionic surfactant comprises at least one hydrophilic segment of polyethylene oxide- (PEO) _x wherein x is from 2 to 100, and the polypropylene oxide- (PPO) _y , wherein y is from 30 to 70, an alkyl group, an aryl group which may be substituted by an alkyl group, a polybutylene oxide, an alkyl group or an aryl group-substituted polybutylene oxide or mixtures thereof But are not limited to, di-, tri-, or tetra-block copolymers. For example, the nonionic surfactant is _{P123 (HO (CH 2 CH 2} O) 20 (CH 2 CH (CH 3) O) 70 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 20 H), Pluronic F127 (HO (CH 2 _{CH 2 O) 106 (CH 2} CH (CH 3) O) 70 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 106 H), polystyrene-block-poly (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) [polystyrene- block -poly (2- hydroxylethyl acrylate], or poly (styrene-b-tert-butyl acrylate). The selection of such surfactants plays an important role in determining the type of porous structure, and neutral amines serve as useful surfactants for self-assembly of wormholes and hexagonal structures [Kim. Science. 282, 1302 (1998)).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the porous geopolymer may exhibit a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern depending on the structure of the pore. For example, the structure of the pore wall of the pore of the porous geopolymer and the structure of the pore can be determined from a high-resolution transmission electron microscopic analysis. It is possible to predict the size of the pupil from one or more X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to the distance between the pupils, which can indirectly predict the size of the pores of the porous carbon structure synthesized from the porous geopolymer, .

In one embodiment of the present invention, aging of the mixed solution may be performed at a temperature ranging from about 20 [deg.] C to about 150 [deg.] C, but is not limited thereto. For example, the aging may be performed at a temperature of about 20 캜 to about 150 캜, about 20 캜 to about 130 캜, about 20 캜 to about 100 캜, about 20 캜 to about 80 캜, From about 40 캜 to about 150 캜, from about 40 캜 to about 130 캜, from about 40 캜 to about 100 캜, from about 40 캜 to about 80 캜, from about 40 캜 to about 60 캜, From about 80 ° C to about 130 ° C, from about 80 ° C to about 100 ° C, from about 100 ° C to about 150 ° C, from about 100 ° C to about 130 ° C , Or about 130 < 0 > C to about 150 < 0 > C. The aging time may range from about 0.5 hours to about 72 hours, but is not limited thereto. For example, the aging time may be from about 0.5 hours to about 72 hours, from about 0.5 hours to about 60 hours, from about 0.5 hours to about 48 hours, from about 0.5 hours to about 36 hours, from about 0.5 hours to about 24 hours, But is not limited to, from 0.5 hours to about 12 hours, or from about 0.5 hours to about 6 hours.

In one embodiment herein, the calcination may be performed in a temperature range of from about 400 [deg.] C to about 900 [deg.] C, but is not limited thereto. For example, the calcination may be performed at a temperature of about 400 ° C to about 900 ° C, about 400 ° C to about 800 ° C, about 400 ° C to about 700 ° C, about 400 ° C to about 600 ° C, About 600 ° C to about 900 ° C, about 500 ° C to about 800 ° C, about 500 ° C to about 700 ° C, about 500 ° C to about 600 ° C, about 600 ° C to about 900 ° C, 700 ° C, from about 700 ° C to about 800 ° C, or from about 800 ° C to about 900 ° C.

The second aspect of the present invention is that the basic skeleton forming the pores having a Si / Al atomic ratio ranging from about 1 to about 1,000 and including mesopores is formed by connecting a tetrahedron of SiO ₄ unit and a tetrahedron of AlO ₄ unit , And a repetitive pore structure of the pore having a size ranging from about 2 nm to about 50 nm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the porous geopolymer may be one prepared using meta-kaolin or a precursor thereof as an aluminosilicate source.

In one embodiment herein, the Si / Al atomic ratio is in the range of about 1 to about 1,000, in the range of about 1 to about 900, in the range of about 1 to about 800, in the range of about 1 to about 700, From about 1 to about 100, from about 1 to about 100, from about 1 to about 500, from about 1 to about 400, from about 1 to about 300, from about 1 to about 200, from about 1 to about 100, , About 1 to about 60, about 1 to about 40, about 1 to about 20, about 1 to about 10, about 10 to about 100, about 10 to about 80, about 10 to about 60, From about 10 to about 40, from about 10 to about 20, from about 20 to about 100, from about 20 to about 80, from about 20 to about 60, from about 20 to about 40, from about 40 to about 100, From about 40 to about 80, from about 40 to about 60, from about 60 to about 100, or from about 60 to about 80, by weight of the composition.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the higher the content of Al, the better the properties and thermal stability of the porous geopolymer as a Lewis acid, and the Si / Al atomic ratio is preferably in the range of about 2 to about 10 But may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment herein, the porous geopolymer can be a mesoporous geopolymer and the size of the pores of the porous geopolymer can be adjusted to a range from about 2 nm to about 50 nm, But may not be limited. For example, the size of the pupil of the mesoporous geopolymer may range from about 2 nm to about 50 nm, from about 2 nm to about 40 nm, from about 2 nm to about 30 nm, from about 2 nm to about 20 nm, From about 10 nm to about 50 nm, from about 10 nm to about 40 nm, from about 10 nm to about 30 nm, from about 10 nm to about 20 nm, from about 20 nm to about 50 nm, from about 20 nm to about 40 nm nm, from about 20 nm to about 30 nm, from about 30 nm to about 50 nm, from about 30 nm to about 40 nm, or from about 40 nm to about 50 nm.

In one embodiment herein, the specific surface area of the porous geopolymer may be from about 50 m ² / g to about 1200 m ² / g, but is not limited thereto. For example, the specific surface area of the porous geopolymer may range from about 50 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, from about 50 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, from about 50 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 600 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 400 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 200 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 100 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, from about 100 m ² / g to about 600 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 400 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 200 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 600 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 400 m ² / g, about 400 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, about 400 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 400 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, or from about 600 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g.

In one embodiment herein, the pore volume of the porous geopolymer may be from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, but is not limited thereto. For example, the pore volume of the porous geopolymer may be from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 1.0 cm ^{3 3} / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 0.5 cm ³ / g, from about 0.5 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 0.5 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, approximately 0.5 cm ³ / g to about 1.0 cm ³ / g, from about 1.0 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 1.0 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, or from about 1.5 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment herein, the porous geopolymer may be, but not limited to, be stable at high temperatures. For example, the porous geopolymer may have a molecular weight of at least about 100 ° C, at least about 200 ° C, at least about 300 ° C, or at least about 400 ° C, at least about 500 ° C, at least about 600 ° C, at least about 700 ° C, Or at a high temperature of about 900 < 0 > C. The porous geopolymer according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a temperature in the range of about 100 DEG C to 900 DEG C, in the range of about 200 DEG C to 900 DEG C, in the range of about 300 DEG C to 900 DEG C, in the range of about 400 DEG C to 900 DEG C, Range, or in the range of about 600 < 0 > C to 900 < 0 > C. In the case of the porous silica synthesized using only fumed silica, when the heat treatment was performed up to 800 ° C., the porous silica was maintained at 70% or more of the initial porosity. However, when the heat treatment was performed at 900 ° C., the porous structure completely collapsed, The polymer maintains porosity of more than 80% even after heat treatment to 900 ° C.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the pores of the porous geopolymer may be hexagonal, cubic, or wormhole, but may not be limited thereto.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a porous polymer, comprising: impregnating a porous geopolymer according to the second aspect of the present invention with a carbon precursor-containing solution to support the carbon precursor in the pores of the porous polymer; And heating and carbonizing the porous geopolymer on which the carbon precursor is supported, and removing the porous geopolymer to obtain a porous carbon structure.

Although a detailed description of the method of manufacturing the porous carbon structure according to the third aspect of the present application is omitted for the sake of simplicity of description of the second aspect of the present invention, The same applies to the third aspect.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of carbonizing the porous geopolymer carrying the carbon precursor by heating may be carried out under vacuum or oxygen-blocking conditions, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature at which the carbon precursor-supported porous geopolymer is heated and carbonized may be from about 400 ° C to about 1,400 ° C, but is not limited thereto. For example, the carbonization temperature may be from about 400 ° C to about 1,400 ° C, from about 400 ° C to about 1,200 ° C, from about 400 ° C to about 1,000 ° C, from about 400 ° C to about 800 ° C, About 600 ° C to about 1,200 ° C, about 600 ° C to about 1,000 ° C, about 600 ° C to about 800 ° C, about 800 ° C to about 1,400 ° C, about 800 ° C to about 1,200 ° C, Lt; 0 > C to about 1,000 < 0 > C, or from about 1,000 [deg.] C to about 1,200 [deg.] C.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of oxygen present on the surface of the porous carbon structure may be controlled by controlling the carbonization temperature, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon precursor may include, but is not limited to, a carbohydrate-based organic material or a non-carbohydrate-based organic material.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the carbohydrate-based organic material may be used without limitation, including, but not limited to, monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide having high solubility in water. For example, the monosaccharide may be glucose, fructose, or galactose, and the disaccharide may be sucrose, maltose, And the polysaccharide may be cellulose, or glycogen, but is not limited thereto.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the carbohydrate is dissolved in water, the amount of water to be used is not limited. However, if the carbohydrate is used in excess, it may take more time than necessary in the drying step. It is sufficient that the porous geopolymer is an amount that can be locked.

In one embodiment of the invention, the non-carbohydrate based organic material is selected from the group consisting of furfuryl alcohol, aniline, acetylene, propylene, and combinations thereof. But is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the invention, the amount of carbon precursor may include, but is not limited to, the amount of carbon corresponding to the pore volume of the porous geopolymer. For example, when a greater amount of carbon precursor than the porosity volume of the porous geopolymer is used, amorphous carbon lumps may occur, but this is not so limited.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon precursor-containing solution may include, but is not limited to, an acid. For example, the acid may be used without limitation as long as it can serve as a catalyst for condensing or polymerizing a carbon precursor such as the carbohydrate, and may be sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfonic acid, or meta-sulfonic acid In particular, sulfuric acid may be preferable, but it may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature for polymerizing the carbon precursor may be, but is not limited to, be carried out at a temperature ranging from about 40 ° C to about 160 ° C.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon precursor-supported porous geopolymer is heated and carbonized, and the porous geopolymer is then removed using a compound such as a strong base, hydrofluoric acid (HF), or NH ₄ FHF But may not be limited thereto. For example, the strong base may include, but is not limited to, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

A fourth aspect of the invention provides a porous carbon structure having a nanoporous structure and at least one reversed pore structure of the porous geopolymer according to the second aspect of the present application. Although the description of the porous carbon structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is omitted from the description of the second aspect of the present invention, the description of the second aspect of the present invention is not limited to the fourth aspect of the present invention As shown in FIG.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the porous carbon structure may be formed using the porous geopolymer according to the second aspect of the present invention as a template.

In one embodiment of the invention, the size of the pores of the porous carbon structure may be from about 0.5 nm to about 50 nm, but is not limited thereto. For example, the size of the pores of the porous carbon structure may be from about 0.5 nm to about 50 nm, from about 0.5 nm to about 40 nm, from about 0.5 nm to about 30 nm, from about 0.5 nm to about 20 nm, From about 1 nm to about 50 nm, from about 1 nm to about 30 nm, from about 1 nm to about 10 nm, from about 10 nm to about 50 nm, from about 10 nm to about 30 nm , From about 30 nm to about 50 nm, or from about 10 nm to about 20 nm, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific surface area of the porous carbon structure may be from about 100 m ² / g to about 2,500 m ² / g, but is not limited thereto. For example, the specific surface area of the porous carbon structure may range from about 100 m ² / g to about 2,500 m ² / g, from about 100 m ² / g to about 2,000 m ² / g, from about 100 m ² / g to about 1,500 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 1,000 m ² / g to about 2,500 m ² / g, about 1,000 m ² / g to about 2,000 m ² / g, about 1,000 m ² / g and about 1,500 m ² / g, about 1,500 m ² / g to about 2,500 m ² / g, about 1,500 m ² / g to about 2,000 m ² / g, about 2,000 m ² / g to about 2,500 m ² / g, or may be an approximately 1,200 m ² / g to about 1,700 m ² / g, it may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment herein, the pore volume of the porous carbon structure may be from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 3.5 cm ³ / g, but is not limited thereto. For example, the pore volume of the porous carbon structure may be from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 3.5 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 3 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 2.5 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 1 cm ³ / g, from about 1 cm ³ / g to about 3.5 cm ³ / g, from about 1 cm ³ / g to about 3 cm ³ / g, from about 1 cm ³ / g to about 2.5 cm ³ / g, from about 1 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 1 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, from about 1.5 cm ³ / g to about 3.5 cm ³ / g, from about 1.5 cm ³ / g to about 3 cm ³ / g, from about 1.5 cm ³ / g to about 2.5 cm ³ / g, from about 1.5 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 2 cm ³ / g to about 3.5 cm ³ / g, from about 2 cm ³ / g to about ³ cm 3 / g, about 2 cm ³ / g to about 2.5 cm ³ / g, from about 2.5 cm ³ / g to about 3.5 cm ³ / g, from about 2.5 cm ³ / g to about ³ cm 3 / g, or from about ³ cm 3 / g to About 3.5 cm < ³ > / g, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific surface area of the porous geopolymer used as a mold for preparing the porous carbon structure may be from about 50 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, but is not limited thereto . For example, the specific surface area of the porous geopolymer may range from about 50 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, from about 50 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, from about 50 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 600 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 400 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 200 m ² / g, about 50 m ² / g to about 100 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, from about 100 m ² / g to about 600 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 400 m ² / g, about 100 m ² / g to about 200 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 600 m ² / g, about 200 m ² / g to about 400 m ² / g, about 400 m ² / g to about 1,200 m ² / g, about 400 m ² / g to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 400 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g, or from about 600 m ² / g to about 800 m ² / g.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the pore volume of the porous geopolymer used as a template for the production of the porous carbon structure may be from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, but is not limited thereto . For example, the pore volume of the porous geopolymer may be from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 1.0 cm ^{3 3} / g, from about 0.1 cm ³ / g to about 0.5 cm ³ / g, from about 0.5 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 0.5 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, approximately 0.5 cm ³ / g to about 1.0 cm ³ / g, from about 1.0 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, from about 1.0 cm ³ / g to about 1.5 cm ³ / g, or from about 1.5 cm ³ / g to about 2 cm ³ / g, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the porous geopolymer used as a template for the production of the porous carbon structure may be, but not limited to, be stable at high temperatures. For example, the porous geopolymer may have a molecular weight of at least about 100 ° C, at least about 200 ° C, at least about 300 ° C, or at least about 400 ° C, at least about 500 ° C, at least about 600 ° C, at least about 700 ° C, Or at a high temperature of about 900 < 0 > C. The porous geopolymer according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a temperature in the range of about 100 DEG C to 900 DEG C, in the range of about 200 DEG C to 900 DEG C, in the range of about 300 DEG C to 900 DEG C, in the range of about 400 DEG C to 900 DEG C, Range, or in the range of about 600 < 0 > C to 900 < 0 > C. In the case of the porous silica synthesized by using only fumed silica, when the heat treatment is performed up to 800 ° C., the initial porous property is maintained at 70% or more. However, when the heat treatment is performed at 900 ° C., the porous structure is completely collapsed, The polymer maintains porosity of more than 80% even after heat treatment to 900 ° C.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the pores of the porous geopolymer used as a template for preparing the porous carbon structure may have a hexagonal, cubic, or wormhole arrangement, But may not be limited.

The fifth aspect of the present invention provides an electrode material for a catalyst, an adsorbent, a catalyst carrier, a sensor, or a battery of a porous carbon structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention.

In one embodiment herein, the porous carbon structure has the use of being able to be used as a catalyst for a variety of reactions, for example, when it is N-doped, it can be used as a catalyst for Friedel-Crafts (FC) .

In one embodiment of the invention, the porous carbon structure has application as an adsorbent such as CO ₂ , volatile organic compounds, and the like.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the porous carbon structure has a use as a sensor capable of selectively sensing an organic gas.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. However, the following examples are given to aid understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[Example]

In the following examples, the prepared porous geopolymer was named ESW (Ewha-Solvey Geopolymer), and the porous carbon structure prepared using the porous geopolymer was named ESC (Ewha-Solvay Carbon).

Example  1: Porosity Geopolymer  One [ ESG -41-O-10-3-2- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer of MCM-41 type having a typical hexagonal pore structure at a Si / Al molar ratio of 3 was prepared by the procedure shown in FIG. The final sample of Example 1 was designated ESG-41. The synthesis procedure was as follows: Appropriate amounts of meta-kaolin and fumed silica with a Si / Al molar ratio of 3 were dissolved in an appropriate amount of KOH solution. After the addition of the required amount of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) aqueous solution, the acidity of the mixture was adjusted to 10.5 with HCl and stirred vigorously at room temperature for 60 minutes, then the Teflon coated hydrothermal synthesizer Filling) for 1 day at 100 < 0 > C without stirring. The product was filtered, thoroughly washed with distilled water, and dried at 100 ° C to obtain a powder, which was then calcined at 550 ° C for 6 hours to synthesize a geopolymer. The composition of the reaction material was as follows: 1 g of meta-kaolin, 1.06 g of fume silica, 1.01 g of KOH, 1.31 g of CTAB, 2 ml of 5.5 M HCl (l), 65 ml of water .

The sample after firing exhibited a BET surface area of 420 m ² / g, a pore volume of 0.45 cm ³ / g and an effective pore size of 2.9 nm. Four diffraction peaks corresponding to (100), (110), (200) and (210), which are typically observed in porous silica having a hexagonal mesoporous structure, were observed at low angles in the X-ray diffraction pattern Reference).

Example  2: Porosity Geopolymer  2 [ ESG -41-O-10-3-2- 130]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 130 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that it was aged at 130 占 폚. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  3: Porosity Geopolymer  3 [ ESG -41-0. 20-3-2- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.20, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 2.62 g of CTAB was used. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  4: Porosity Geopolymer  4 [ ESG -41-0. 20-3-2- 130]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.20, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 130 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that 2.62 g of CTAB was used and aged at 130 캜. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  5: Porosity Geopolymer  5 [ ESG -41-0.30-3-2- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.30, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 3.93 g of CTAB was used. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  6: Porosity Geopolymer  6 [ ESG -41-0.30-3-2- 130]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.30, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 130 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 3.93 g of CTAB was used and aged at 130 캜. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  7: Porosity Geopolymer  7 [ ESG -41-0. 40-3-2- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.40, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that 5.24 g of CTAB was used. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  8: Porosity Geopolymer  8 [ ESG -41-0. 40-3-2- 130]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.40, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 130 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 5.24 g of CTAB was used and aged at 130 캜. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  9: Porosity Geopolymer  9 [ ESG -41-0.50-3-2- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.50, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 6.55 g of CTAB was used. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  10: Porosity Geopolymer  10 [ ESG -41-0.50-3-2- 130]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.50, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 130 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 6.55 g of CTAB was used and aged at 130 캜. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  11: Porosity Geopolymer  11 [ ESG -41-0. 10-3-3- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 3, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that 1.52 g of KOH was used. FIG. 3B is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  12: Porosity Geopolymer  12 [ ESG -41-O- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 4, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that 2.02 g of KOH was used. FIG. 3B is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  13: Porosity Geopolymer  13 [ ESG -41-O-10-3-5- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that 2.52 g of KOH was used. FIG. 3B is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Table 1 below summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 1, 11, 12 and 13. The porosity analysis can be easily measured by methods commonly used in the art (F. Rouquerol, J. Rouquerol and K. Sing, Adsorption by Powders and Porous Solids , Academic press, New York, 1999 ] :

Example  14: Porosity Geopolymer  14 [ ESG -41-O- 100]  Preparation - CTAB / (Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 4, KOH / Al = 5, 100 DEG C, Hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 0.80 g of meta-kaolin, 1.30 g of fumed silica and 2.52 g of KOH were used. FIG. 3D is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example.

Example  15: Porosity Geopolymer  15 [ ESG -41-O-10-5-5- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 5, KOH / Al = 5, 100 DEG C, Hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 0.67 g of meta-kaolin, 1.44 g of fumed silica and 1.69 g of KOH were used. FIG. 3D is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example.

Example  16: Porosity Geopolymer  16 [ ESG -41-O-10-2-5- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 2, KOH / Al = 5, 100 DEG C, Hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 1.33 g of meta-kaolin, 0.72 g of fumed silica and 3.35 g of KOH were used. FIG. 3D is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example.

Table 2 summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 13 to 16:

Example  17: Preparation of porous carbon structure 1 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

The porous carbon structure was prepared according to the procedure shown in FIG. In this example, sucrose, which is a carbon precursor, was added in an amount indicated below. Specifically, sucrose was dissolved in an aqueous solution to which sulfuric acid had been added. The solution was added to the porous geopolymer sample obtained in Example 2, impregnated at 60 ° C until powdered, and the sample was heated at 100 ° C for 6 hours at 160 ° C For 6 hours and then carbonized at 900 ° C for 6 hours while flowing nitrogen. In this carbonized composite, the porous geopolymer skeleton used as the template was removed with a 10% HF aqueous solution to prepare a porous carbon structure. The composition of the reactants used to obtain such a material is as follows: 1 g of porous geopolymer, 0.71 g of sucrose (1.587 x 0.45 x 100% = 0.71; density of sucrose = 1.587 g / mol; The volume of the obtained porous geopolymer mesopores = 0.45 cm ³ / g), 0.076 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , 4.23 mL of H ₂ O, 50 mL of 10% HF.

Example 18: Preparation of porous carbon structure 2 (using sucrose as a carbon precursor)

In this Example, sucrose, which is a carbon precursor, was added in two portions of 80% and 20% by dividing the amount shown below. The sucrose was dissolved in an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid. The solution was added to the porous geopolymer sample obtained in Example 2, impregnated at 60 DEG C until powdered, and the sample was dried at 100 DEG C for 6 hours, at 160 DEG C for 6 hours Lt; / RTI > The composition of the reactant is as follows: 1 g of the porous geopolymer obtained in Example 2, 0.57 g of sucrose (1.587 x 0.45 x 80% = 0.57; density of sucrose = 1.587 g / mol; porosity obtained in Example 2 Polymer mesopore volume = 0.45 cm ³ / g), H ₂ SO ₄ 0.061 g, H ₂ O 3.4 mL.

The dried powder was impregnated with a sulfuric acid solution of sucrose and impregnated at 60 ° C until powdered. The sample was heat-treated at 100 ° C for 6 hours and at 160 ° C for 6 hours, Time carbonized. In this carbonized composite, the porous geopolymer skeleton used as the template was removed using a 10% HF aqueous solution to obtain a porous carbon structure. The composition of the reactant for obtaining the porous carbon structure was as follows: 0.14 g of sucrose (1.587 × 0.45 × 20% = 0.14; density of sucrose = 1.587 g / mol) of the porous geopolymer mesopores obtained in Example 2 Volume = 0.45 cm ³ / g), 0.015 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , 3.4 mL of H ₂ O, 50 mL of 10% HF.

Example 19: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 3 [Total amount of sucrose: 80% + 45%]

In this example, sucrose, a carbon precursor, was used in an amount of 125% of the amount of sucrose used in Example 17, and the amount shown below was added in two portions at 80% and 45%. The sucrose was dissolved in an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid. The solution was added to the porous geopolymer sample obtained in Example 2, impregnated at 60 DEG C until powdered, and the sample was dried at 100 DEG C for 6 hours, at 160 DEG C for 6 hours Lt; / RTI > The composition of the reactant was as follows: 1 g of the porous geopolymer obtained in Example 2, 0.57 g of sucrose (1.587 x 0.45 x 80% = 0.57; density of sucrose = 1.587 g / mol; porosity of the porous geopolymer Volume of mesopore = 0.45 cm ³ / g), 0.061 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , 3.4 mL of H ₂ O,

The dried powder was impregnated with a sulfuric acid solution of sucrose and impregnated at 60 ° C until powdered. The sample was heat-treated at 100 ° C for 6 hours and at 160 ° C for 6 hours, Carbonized for a period of time. In this carbonized composite, the porous geopolymer skeleton used as the template was removed using a 10% HF aqueous solution to obtain a porous carbon structure. The composition of the reactant for obtaining the porous carbon structure was as follows: 1 g of the porous geopolymer obtained in Example 2, 0.32 g of sucrose (1.587 × 0.45 × 45% = 0.32; density of sucrose = 1.587 g / mol; The volume of the porous geopolymer mesopores obtained in Example 2 = 0.45 cm ³ / g), 0.034 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , 3.4 mL of H ₂ O, 50 mL of 10% HF.

The following Table 3 summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous carbon structure prepared according to Examples 17 to 19:

Example  20: Preparation of porous carbon structure 4 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 10, 0.56 g of sucrose, 0.059 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , and 3.3 g of H ₂ O were used in the same manner as in Example 17, The structure was synthesized.

Example  21: Preparation of porous carbon structure 5 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 10, 0.45 g of sucrose, 0.047 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 2.6 g of H ₂ O were used and 0.11 g of sucrose, 0.012 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 2.6 g of H ₂ O , A porous carbon structure was synthesized in the same manner as in the method for producing a carbon structure of Example 18 above.

Example  22: Preparation of porous carbon structure 6 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 10, 0.45 g of sucrose, 0.047 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 2.6 g of H ₂ O were used, and 0.25 g of sucrose, 0.027 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 2.6 g of H ₂ O , A porous carbon structure was synthesized in the same manner as in the method of producing the carbon structure of Example 19 above.

The following Table 4 summarizes the analysis results of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 1 to 10, 26 and 27, and Table 5 below shows the results of analysis of the porosity of the porous carbon structures prepared according to Examples 17 to 19 The results of analyzing the porosity are summarized as follows:

Example  23: Preparation of porous carbon structure 7 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 13, 0.67 g of sucrose, 0.069 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 4.0 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon The structure was synthesized.

Example 24: Preparation of porous carbon structure 8 (using sucrose as a carbon precursor)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 14, 0.71 g of sucrose, 0.073 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 4.2 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon The structure was synthesized.

Example 25: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 9 (using sucrose as a carbon precursor)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 15, 0.92 g of sucrose, 0.10 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 5.44 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon The structure was synthesized.

Table 6 summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous carbon structure prepared according to Examples 23 to 25:

Example  26: Porosity Geopolymer  17 [ ESG - WH -0.60-3-2- 100]  Manufacturing - CTAB / (Si + Al) = 0.60, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 100 占 폚, wormhole

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 7.88 g of CTAB was used in the synthesis of the wormhole-type porous geopolymer.

Example  27: Porosity Geopolymer  18 [ ESG - WH -0.60-3-2- 130]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.60, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 130 DEG C,

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that 7.88 g of CTAB was used in the synthesis of the wormhole-type porous geopolymer and the aging was performed at 130 캜.

Example  28: Porosity Geopolymer  19 [ ESG - WH -0.60-3-5- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.60, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 5,

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1, except that 7.88 g of CTAB and 2.52 g of KOH were used in the synthesis of the wormhole-type porous geopolymer. FIG. 3C is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Example  29: Porosity Geopolymer  20 [ ESG - WH -0.05-3-5- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.05, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚,

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 0.66 g of CTAB was used in the synthesis of the wormhole-type porous geopolymer and 2.52 g of KOH was used. FIG. 3D is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example.

The following Table 7 summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 28 and 29:

Example  30: Porous Geopolymer  21 [ ESG - WH -0.05-4-5- 100]  Manufacturing - CTAB / (Si + Al) = 0.05, Si / Al = 4, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚, wormhole

Except that 0.66 g of CTAB was used in the synthesis of the wormhole-type porous geopolymer, 0.80 g of meta-kaolin, 1.30 g of fumed silica, and 2.02 g of KOH were used. , A porous geopolymer was synthesized. FIG. 3D is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example.

Example  31: Porosity Geopolymer  22 [ ESG - WH -0.10-5-5- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.05, Si / Al = 5, KOH / Al = 5,

Except that 0.66 g of CTAB was used in the synthesis of the wormhole-type porous geopolymer, 0.67 g of meta-kaolin, 1.44 g of fumed silica, and 1.69 g of KOH were used. , A porous geopolymer was synthesized. FIG. 3D is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example.

Example  32: Porosity Geopolymer  23 [ ESG - WH -0.05-2-5- 100]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.05, Si / Al = 2, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚,

Except that 0.66 g of CTAB was used in the synthesis of the wormhole-type porous geopolymer, 1.33 g of meta-kaolin, 0.72 g of fumed silica, and 3.35 g of KOH were used. , A porous geopolymer was synthesized. FIG. 3D is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example.

The following Table 8 summarizes the analysis results of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 29 to 32:

Example 33: Preparation of porous carbon structure 10 (using sucrose as a carbon precursor)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 27, 0.62 g of sucrose, 0.066 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , and 3.7 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon The structure was synthesized.

Example 34: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 11 (using sucrose as a carbon precursor)

1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 27, 0.50 g of sucrose, 0.053 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 2.9 g of H ₂ O, 0.12 g of sucrose, 0.013 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , 2.9 g of H ₂ O , A porous carbon structure was synthesized in the same manner as in the method for producing a carbon structure of Example 18 above.

Example 35: Preparation of porous carbon structure 12 (using sucrose as a carbon precursor)

1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 27, 0.50 g of sucrose, 0.053 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 2.9 g of H ₂ O, 0.28 g of sucrose, 0.030 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , 2.9 g of H ₂ O , A porous carbon structure was synthesized in the same manner as in the method of producing the carbon structure of Example 19 above.

The following Table 9 summarizes the results of analysis of the porosity of the porous carbon structure produced according to Examples 33 to 35:

Example  36: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 13 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 29, 0.49 g of sucrose, 0.052 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 2.9 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon The structure was synthesized.

Example  37: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 14 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 30, 0.51 g of sucrose, 0.054 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , and 3.0 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon The structure was synthesized.

Example  38: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 15 (as a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

Except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer of Example 31, 0.57 g of sucrose, 0.060 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 3.6 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon The structure was synthesized.

The following Table 10 summarizes the analysis results of the porosity of the porous carbon structural bodies prepared according to Examples 36 to 38:

Example  39: Porosity Geopolymer  24 [ ESG -15-0.017-3-2- 100]  Manufacturing - P123 / ( Si + Al) = 0.017, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 2, 100 DEG C, Hexagonal

An SBA-15 type porous geopolymer (referred to as ESG-15) having a typical hexagonal pore structure with a Si / Al molar ratio of 3 was prepared by the following synthetic procedure. An appropriate amount of meta-kaolin and fumed silica corresponding to a Si / Al molar ratio of 3 was dissolved in an appropriate amount of KOH solution. The required amount of P123 was then added to the dissolved HCl aqueous solution, the pH of the mixture was adjusted to below 1.5 with HCl and vigorously stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The resultant was reacted in a Teflon coated hydrothermal synthesizer at 100 캜 for 2 days without stirring. The product was filtered, thoroughly washed with distilled water, and dried at 100 DEG C to obtain a powder, which was then calcined at 550 DEG C for 6 hours. The composition of the material for obtaining such a porous geopolymer was as follows: 2.95 g of meta-kaolin, 3.19 g of fumed silica, 3.0 g of KOH, 4 g of P123, 150 ml of 2 M HCl (l) and 185 ml of water.

The sample after firing showed a BET surface area of 502 m ² / g, a pore volume of 1.47 cm ³ / g and an effective pore size of 10.7 nm. As a result of X-ray diffraction analysis, only one (100) peak of the hexagonal mesoporous structure was observed at a low angle.

Example  40: Porosity Geopolymer  25 [ ESG -15-0.017-3-5- 100]  Manufacturing - P123 / ( Si + Al) = 0.017, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 5, 100 DEG C, Hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 39 except that 4.9 g of KOH was used. The sample after firing showed a BET surface area of 645 m ² / g, a pore volume of 0.78 cm ³ / g and an effective pore size of 8.0 nm. FIG. 3E is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG. As a result of the X-ray diffraction analysis, (100), (110) and (200) diffraction peaks due to the hexagonal mesoporous structure were observed at a low angle.

The following Table 11 summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 39 and 40:

Example 41: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 16 (using sucrose as a carbon precursor)

The procedure of Example 17 was repeated except that 1 g of the porous geopolymer obtained in Example 40 was used and 1.27 g of sucrose, 0.14 g of H ₂ SO _{4 and} 7.7 g of H ₂ O were used. A porous carbon structure was synthesized.

Table 12 summarizes the analysis results of the porosity of the porous carbon structural body produced according to Example 41:

Example  42: Porosity Geopolymer  26 [ ESG - 12] of  Manufacturing - Cubic

An FDU-12 type porous geopolymer (named ESG-12) having a cubic pore structure with a Si / Al molar ratio of 3 was prepared by the following synthesis procedure. The appropriate amount of meta-kaolin and fumed silica corresponding to a Si / Al molar ratio of 3 was dissolved in an appropriate amount of KOH solution and then added to the required amount of HCl aqueous solution of F127, KCl, trimethyl benzene, To adjust the pH of the mixture to 1.5 or less, and vigorously stirred at room temperature for 60 minutes. The thus prepared mixture was reacted in a Teflon-coated hydrothermal synthesizer for 1 day at 100 ° C without stirring, filtered, thoroughly washed with distillation, and dried at 100 ° C to obtain powder, which was then calcined at 550 ° C for 6 hours. The composition of the reactant to obtain the porous geopolymer was as follows: 4.43 g of meta-kaolin, 4.78 g of fumed silica, 4.47 g of KOH, 2 g of F127, 3 g of KCl, 2 g of trimethylbenzene, 2 M HCl ) 120 ml, water 30 ml.

After firing, the sample showed a BET surface area of 248 m ² / g, a pore volume of 0.51 cm ³ / g and an effective pore size of 10.8 nm. FIG. 3F is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern measured for a mesoporous porous geopolymer prepared according to this example. FIG.

Table 13 below summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 42:

Example  43: Porous carbon structure 17 [ ESC - 12] of  (As a carbon precursor Sucrose  use)

Except that 1 g of the geopolymer of Example 42, 0.57 g of sucrose, 0.06 g of H ₂ SO ₄ and 3.3 g of H ₂ O were used in place of the porous carbon structure Was synthesized.

The following Table 14 summarizes the analysis results of the porosity of the porous carbon structure prepared according to Example 43:

Example 44: Evaluation of thermal stability of a porous geopolymer

In order to evaluate the thermal stability of the porous geopolymer, the porous geopolymer synthesized from Example 15 was heat-treated at various temperatures (600 ° C. to -900 ° C.) for 6 hours, and XRD and BET were measured, 15. The porous silica of MCM-41 type containing no Al was synthesized from fumed silica by a previously reported method and compared with the sample synthesized from Example 15. In the case of the porous geopolymer synthesized in this example, it can be confirmed that the XRD pattern is maintained as it is even after the heat treatment at 900 ° C. In the case of the porous silica used as the comparative example, the XRD phase is stable up to 800 ° C., , The mesoporous structure almost collapsed after heat treatment and showed an amorphous XRD pattern. In the case of the BET specific surface area, the porous geopolymer was maintained at 86% (536 m ² / g) of the initial specific surface area (624 m ² / g) even after the heat treatment at 900 ° C., (36 m ² / g) of the initial specific surface area (857 m ² / g) after the heat treatment in the presence of the catalyst. These results show that the mesoporous structure of the porous silica rapidly collapses after the heat treatment at 900 ° C., which is consistent with the XRD measurement result. This shows that the porous geopolymers synthesized according to the present invention are excellent in thermal stability.

Table 15 summarizes the BET specific surface area according to the heat treatment temperature of the porous geopolymer synthesized in Example 15 and the MCM-41 type porous silica synthesized by the conventional method.

Example  45: Porosity Geopolymer  27 [ ESG -41-O-10-3-5- 20]  Produce - CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 5, 20 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 2.52 g of KOH was used and the reaction was carried out with stirring at 20 캜 for 1 day without hydrothermal synthesis.

Table 16 below summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous geopolymer prepared according to Example 45:

Example  46: Porosity Geopolymer  28 [ ESG -41-0.10-3-5-100-L] CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 3, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the porous geopolymer of Example 1 except that 2.52 g of KOH was used and the mixture was synthesized by filling only half of the volume of the Teflon coated hydrothermal synthesizer.

Example  47: Porosity Geopolymer  29 [ ESG -41-0. 10-4-5-100-L] CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 4, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

Except that 0.80 g of meta-kaolin, 1.30 g of fumed silica, and 2.52 g of KOH were used and filled in half of the volume of a Teflon coated hydrothermal synthesizer of 150 mL volume to prepare a porous geopolymer , A porous geopolymer was synthesized.

Example  48: Porosity Geopolymer  30 [ ESG -41-0.10-5-5-100-L] CTAB / ( Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 5, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

Except that 0.67 g of meta-kaolin, 1.44 g of fumed silica, and 1.69 g of KOH were used and that only half of the volume of the Teflon coated hydrothermal synthesizer in a volume of 150 mL was filled to prepare the porous geopolymer of Example 1 , A porous geopolymer was synthesized.

Example  49: Porosity Geopolymer  31 [ ESG (Si + Al) = 0.10, Si / Al = 10, KOH / Al = 5, 100 占 폚, hexagonal

Except that 0.45 g of meta-kaolin, 1.65 g of fumed silica and 0.90 g of KOH were used and that the mixture was filled by half the volume of the Teflon coated hydrothermal synthesizer to prepare the porous geopolymer of Example 1 , A porous geopolymer was synthesized.

The following Table 17 summarizes the analysis results of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 46, 47, 48 and 49 above:

Example  50: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 18 (as a carbon precursor Furfuryl  Alcohol use)

The porous geopolymer sample obtained in Example 46 was heat-treated at 200 ° C for 5 hours while flowing nitrogen. Then, furfuryl alcohol was injected as a carbon source under a vacuum state in an airtight container, nitrogen was injected to make a high pressure state, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 days. The product was filtered, washed with furfuryl alcohol on the surface with mesitylene, and dried at room temperature to obtain a powder. The obtained powder was subjected to polymerization reaction of furfuryl alcohol at 150 ° C for 5 hours while flowing nitrogen, followed by carbonization at 700 ° C for 5 hours while flowing nitrogen. In the carbonized composite, the skeleton of the porous geopolymer used as the template was removed using a 10% HF aqueous solution to obtain a porous carbon structure. The composition of the reactants to obtain the porous carbon structure is as follows: 1 g of porous geopolymer, 10 g of furfuryl alcohol (excess amount), 3 g of mesitylene, 50 mL of 10% HF.

Table 18 summarizes the analysis results of the porosity of the porous carbon structural body produced according to the present Example 50:

Example  51: Porosity Geopolymer  32 [ ESG -48-0.71-30-2-3.57- 100]  Manufacturing - CTAB / (Si + Al) = 0.71, Si / Al = 30, NaOH / ( Si + Al) = 0.5, EtOH / ( Si + ≫) = 3.57, H ₂ O / (Si + Al) = 100, 100 占 폚, cubic

A porous geopolymer of the MCM-48 type having a typical cubic pore structure at the Si / Al molar ratio of 30 was prepared by the process shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The final sample of Example 51 is designated ESG-48. The synthesis procedure was as follows: Appropriate amounts of meta-kaolin and rudox (Ludox HS 30) with a Si / Al molar ratio of 30 were dissolved in an appropriate amount of NaOH solution at 70 ° C. Thereafter, a necessary amount of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) aqueous solution and ethanol were added, stirred vigorously at room temperature for 60 minutes, and then reacted at 100 ° C for 2 days in a Teflon coated hydrothermal synthesizer without stirring. The product was filtered, thoroughly washed with distilled water, and dried at 100 ° C to obtain a powder, which was then calcined at 550 ° C for 6 hours to synthesize a geopolymer. The composition of the reactants was as follows: 0.199 g meta-kaolin, 10.524 g Ludox HS 30, 1.11 g NaOH, 14.46 g CTAB, 11.58 ml EtOH, 100 ml water.

The sample after firing exhibited a BET surface area of 1055 m ² / g, a pore volume of 1.23 cm ³ / g and an effective pore size of 2.7 nm. Four diffraction peaks corresponding to (211), (210), (420), and (332), which are typically observed in porous silica having a cubic mesoporous structure, were observed at low angles in the X-ray diffraction pattern.

Example  52: Porosity Geopolymer  33 [ ESG -48-0.71-50-2-3.57- 100]  Manufacturing - CTAB / (Si + Al) = 0.71, Si / Al = 50, NaOH / ( Si + Al) = 0.5, EtOH / ( Si + Al) = 3.57, H2O / (Si + Al) = 100, 100 占 폚, cubic

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the cubic porous geopolymer of Example 51 except that 0.121 g of meta-kaolin, 1.65 g of fumed silica and 10.809 g of Ludox HS 30 were used.

Example  53: Porosity Geopolymer  34 [ ESG -48-0.71-100-2-3.57- 100]  Manufacturing - CTAB / (Si + Al) = 0.71, Si / Al = 100, NaOH / ( Si + Al) = 0.5, EtOH / ( Si + ≫) = 3.57, H ₂ O / (Si + Al) = 100, 100 占 폚, cubic

A porous geopolymer was synthesized in the same manner as in the preparation of the cubic porous geopolymer of Example 51 except that 0.0611 g of meta-kaolin, 1.65 g of fumed silica and 11.03 g of Ludox HS 30 were used.

Table 19 summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous geopolymers prepared according to Examples 51, 52 and 53 above:

Example 54: Preparation of Porous Carbon Structure 19 [Total amount of sucrose: 80% + 45%] [

The sucrose was dissolved in an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid. The solution was added to the cubic porous geopolymer sample obtained in Example 51, impregnated at 60 DEG C until powdered, and the sample was heated at 100 DEG C for 6 hours at 160 DEG C For 6 hours. The composition of the reactant was as follows: 1 g of the porous geopolymer obtained in Example 51, 1.257 g of sucrose (1.587 * 0.99 * 80% = 1.257; density of sucrose = 1.587 g / mol; porosity the volume of geo polymer mesopore ^{= 0.99 cm 3 / g),} H 2 SO 4 0.13 g, H 2 O 7.44 mL.

The dried powder was impregnated with a sulfuric acid solution of sucrose and impregnated at 60 ° C until powdered. The sample was heat-treated at 100 ° C for 6 hours and at 160 ° C for 6 hours, Carbonized for a period of time. In this carbonized composite, the porous geopolymer skeleton used as the template was removed using a 10% HF aqueous solution to obtain a porous carbon structure. The composition of the reactant for obtaining the porous carbon structure was as follows: 1 g of the porous geopolymer obtained in Example 51, 0.71 g of sucrose (1.587 * 0.99 * 45% = 0.71; density of sucrose = 1.587 g / the volume of the mesopores of the porous geopolymer obtained in Example 51 = 0.99 cm ³ / g), 0.07 g of H ₂ SO ₄ , 4.18 mL of H ₂ O, 50 mL of 10% HF.

The following Table 20 summarizes the results of the analysis of the porosity of the porous carbon structure produced according to Example 54:

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing description of the embodiments is for illustrative purposes and that those skilled in the art can easily modify the invention without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (22)

Hydrothermal reaction by aging a mixed solution obtained by mixing a first solution containing meta-kaolin or a precursor thereof and a base with a surfactant-containing second solution; And
Separating the precipitate formed from the hydrothermally reacted mixed solution and then removing the surfactant by firing to obtain a porous geopolymer
≪ / RTI >
The method according to claim 1,
Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 1, < / RTI > wherein the first solution further comprises a silica source.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the Si / Al atomic ratio in the mixed solution is adjusted in the range of 1 to 1,000.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the size of the pores of the porous geopolymer is controlled in the range of 2 nm to 50 nm.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the aging of the mixed solution is performed in a temperature range of 20 ° C to 150 ° C.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the calcination is performed at a temperature ranging from 400 ° C to 900 ° C.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the surfactant comprises an ionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant.

A porous geopolymer having a Si / Al atomic ratio ranging from 1 to 1,000 and comprising a mesopore,
Wherein the basic skeleton forming the pupil is formed by connecting a tetrahedron of SiO ₄ unit and a tetrahedron of AlO ₄ unit and has a repetitive pore structure of the pore having a size ranging from 2 nm to 50 nm,
Porous geopolymers.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein said porous geopolymer is prepared using meta-kaolin or a precursor thereof as an aluminosilicate source.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the specific surface area of said porous geopolymer is from 50 m ² / g to 1,200 m ² / g.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the porosity of the porous geopolymer is from 0.1 cm ³ / g to 2 cm ³ / g.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the pores of the porous geopolymer have a hexagonal, cubic or wormhole architecture.
Impregnating the porous geopolymer of claim 8 with a carbon precursor-containing solution to support the carbon precursor in the pores of the porous polymer; And
Heating the porous geopolymer carrying the carbon precursor to carbonize it, and removing the porous geopolymer to obtain a porous carbon structure
≪ / RTI >
14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the carbon precursor-supported porous geopolymer is heated and carbonized at a temperature of 400 ° C to 1,400 ° C.
14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the carbon precursor-supported porous geopolymer is heated and carbonized at a temperature of 400 ° C to 1,400 ° C.
16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein the carbohydrate based organic material comprises sucrose, xylose, or glucose. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 11. < / RTI >
10. A porous carbon structure having nanoporous pores and having at least one reversed pore structure of the porous geopolymer according to claim 8.
18. The method of claim 17,
Wherein the porous carbon structure is formed using the porous geopolymer according to claim 8 as a mold.
18. The method of claim 17,
Wherein the specific surface area of the porous carbon structure is 100 m ² / g to 2,500 m ² / g.
18. The method of claim 17,
Wherein the pore size of the porous carbon structure is 0.5 nm to 50 nm.
18. The method of claim 17,
Wherein the pore volume of the porous carbon structure is 0.1 cm ³ / g to 3.5 cm ³ / g.
18. The method of claim 17,
Wherein the pores of the porous carbon structure have a hexagonal, cubic, or wormhole architecture.

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