KR20170139970A - Bio-complex textile for removing pollutant gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to bio-complex textile for removing pollutant gas having a type that microorganism for removing the pollutant gas is coupled to a textile material, a method for manufacturing the bio-complex textile, a method for removing pollutant gas by using the bio-complex textile, a bio-filter including the bio-complex textile, a bio-cover including the bio-complex textile and a method for removing pollutant gas by using the bio-filter or the bio-cover. The bio-complex textile according to the present invention can effectively remove various kinds of pollutant gases even though the microorganism for removing the pollutant gas is used in small quantity and can economically manufacture an apparatus for removing pollutant gas due to physical properties thereof to be widely used in effective removal of pollutant gas. The bio-complex textile comprises: the microorganism for removing pollutant gas or a culture liquid thereof; and the textile material coupled to the microorganism or the culture liquid.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a bio-

The present invention relates to a biocomposite fiber for removing a pollutant gas, and more particularly to a biocomposite fiber for removing a pollutant gas in which a microorganism for removing a pollutant gas is bonded to a fiber material, The present invention relates to a method for removing polluted gas by using a biocomposite fiber, a biofilter including the biocomposite fiber, a bio-cover including the biocomposite fiber, and a method for removing a pollutant gas using the bio-filter or the bio-cover will be.

Under anaerobic conditions, organic matter is decomposed by microorganisms and finally decomposed into methane and carbon dioxide. In this decomposition process, odorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, ammonia, amine and fatty acid are generated, , Anaerobic digestion tanks, etc. are known to be representative facilities where methane and odor are discharged at the same time.

In particular, landfills are the most representative facilities where methane and odor are discharged at the same time. There are now 227 places (Ministry of Environment Resource Circulation Bureau, 2007) in the whole country. Total landfill area and landfill capacity are 29,213,000㎡ and 379,416,000㎥ respectively. In terms of landfill gas treatment of these landfills, only 4% (10 sites) of landfills have facilities capable of collecting landfill gas and recycle high-concentration methane, and most landfills (199 sites, 89%) Landfill gas is diffused into the atmosphere. In Korea, it is estimated that the amount of methane generated from the landfill is about 37% of the amount of methane generated, and the rate of methane generation at these landfills is estimated to be about 10,000 mg CH4 / ㎡ / d.

Methane, on the other hand, is one of the greenhouse gases that cause global climate change. Its contribution is second only to carbon dioxide. The methane concentration in the atmosphere was 700 ppb before the Industrial Revolution, but it is now rapidly increasing to 1745 ppb. Methane is the most important non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gas because its infrared absorption capacity is 25 times stronger than that of carbon dioxide. Therefore, unlike other greenhouse gases, methane is a major source of waste treatment Of the total.

In addition, odor control for organic waste disposal facilities (processes) such as landfills is performed mainly on the basis of odor measurement and monitoring. At present, only countermeasures such as deodorant spraying are being applied as countermeasures against odor control. However, The research on the odor reduction technology for these facilities is being actively carried out because the report on the establishment of the odor discharge facilities for the public environment facilities such as the livestock manure processing facility and other organic waste processing facilities is going to be mandatory. Research is being conducted from the viewpoints of utilization of functional soil material with excellent abatement efficiency, installation of on-site biofilter at the crack site, and installation of portable biofilter in the landfill gas collection chamber.

For example, in Korean Patent No. 392185, the microbial activity reaction layer made of a material having a large coefficient of permeability and porosity and a large specific surface area is formed entirely at the lower part of the middle ground layer, so that the extraction of the landfill gas, It is possible to easily control the injection of microbial reaction control substances such as regulating substances and nutrients to efficiently extract the landfill gas generated in the landfill under reclamation and to recycle or burn the gas, A method and apparatus for landfill gas extraction and oxidation using a microbial activity reaction layer in which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the like are oxidized to a less hazardous substance by using aerobic soil microorganisms are disclosed in Korean Patent No. 858296 Methane that emits from the surface of the landfill or surface to the atmosphere Has a specific surface area, porosity and permeability coefficient, which is installed on the ground surface of the landfill or on the surface of the ground and in which an aerobic methane oxidizing microorganism is activated and methane gas can flow freely and has a thermal conductivity capable of protecting methane oxidizing microorganisms from changes in the atmospheric temperature Installing a bioactive layer using biomedia; The methane gas is converted into carbon dioxide by the methane oxidation reaction of the aerobic methane oxidizing microorganisms activated by the oxygen supply by the atmospheric diffusion while the methane gas that is radiated on the surface of the landfill or the surface of the ground passes through the bioactive layer, Thereby reducing the amount of methane gas emitted from the surface layer of the waste landfill or the surface of the landfill, and a methane gas reduction system therefor.

Under these circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have made extensive efforts to develop a method for removing various pollutant gases generated from a landfill, and as a result, it has been found that when a biocompatible fiber in which a microorganism for removing contaminants is combined with a fiber material is used, It is possible to effectively remove the polluting gas even by using the microorganism for removing the polluted gas. The present invention has been completed based on this finding.

One object of the present invention is to provide a biocomposite fiber for removing pollution gas in which a microorganism for removing pollution gas is bonded to a fiber material.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the biocomposite fiber.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for removing a contaminated gas using the biocomposite fiber.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a biofilter comprising the biocomposite fiber.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a bio-cover comprising the biocomposite fiber.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for removing polluted gas using the biofilter or the bio-cover.

The present inventors have developed a method of using a fiber material as a carrier of a microorganism for removing contaminants while carrying out various studies in order to develop a method of removing various pollution gases generated from the landfill more effectively. In order to remove the polluted gas commercially from the landfill by using the microorganism for removing the polluted gas, a carrier capable of stably maintaining the microorganism has been used. According to the carrier, not only the growth of microorganisms but also the efficiency Is known to be able to change. In addition, the carrier is used in combination with a separate mechanism to fix the microorganisms inoculated on the carrier to the landfill.

The present inventors have developed a technique of using a fiber material as the above carrier. Since the fibrous material is free from deformation and has excellent adsorption activity with microorganisms, it is assumed that the fiber material can be used as a new carrier for effectively utilizing the microorganisms for removing pollutant gases, and the microorganisms for removing contaminants (Bio-complex textile) were fabricated, and then the efficiency of removing the contaminants was compared. As a result, it was confirmed that the pollutant removal efficiency was lowered compared with the case where the microbial culture liquid was used as it is.

In order to develop a method for utilizing the biocomposite fiber, various studies have been carried out. In the case of using a culture solution in which the concentration of the microorganism is decreased by diluting the microorganism culture solution, Respectively. That is, a stock solution (100%), a 75% dilution thereof, a 50% dilution solution, a 25% dilution solution or a 10% dilution solution of the microorganism culture solution are prepared, As a result of comparing the efficacy of removing the contaminated gas from the undiluted solution or diluted solution and the biocomposite fiber produced by using them, it was found that, in the case of the undiluted solution or 75% diluted solution, However, in the case of 50% diluent, it was confirmed that the same effects were obtained depending on the type of pollutant gas. In case of 25% and 10% diluent, it is more effective to remove the pollutant gas Respectively. Especially, when comparing the effect of 50% diluent and 25% diluent on DMS, a kind of polluted gas, the effect of 25% diluent was only 25% of the effect of 50% diluent when using microbial culture solution , And that the effect of 25% dilution and 50% dilution did not show any difference when using biocompatible fiber.

Such an effect is a new effect which has not been confirmed in conventional carriers. Because of this effect, it is possible to maximize the effect of removing the polluted gas while using a small amount of microorganisms for removing the polluted gas, .

In addition, since the biocomposite fiber according to the present invention exhibits a shape of a fibrous material that can be easily processed, the microbial carrier has to be commercialized in the form of a biofilter or a bio-cover in combination with a separate mechanism. Alternatively, the biocomposite fiber itself can be manufactured as a biofilter or a bio-cover, thereby reducing the time and cost required for the production of the product.

The biocomposite fiber provided by the present invention has not been developed at all and has been developed for the first time by the present inventor.

As one embodiment for achieving the object of the present invention described above, the present invention provides a method for producing a microorganism, which comprises (a) a microorganism for removing a pollutant gas or a culture thereof; And (b) a fibrous material to which the microorganism or the culture liquid is bound.

The term "polluted gas" of the present invention refers to an organic pollutant generated in an organic waste treatment facility such as a landfill, a food garbage disposal facility, an anaerobic digestion tank, etc., a factory, a house, etc. and has an effect of contaminating environment such as greenhouse effect or odor generation Means the gas that represents the gas. The pollution gas is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, a non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gas such as methane; Malodorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, ammonia, amine, and fatty acid; Volatile organic compounds (VOC) such as ethylbenzene, xylene, and the like.

The term "microorganism for removing contaminant gas" in the present invention means a microorganism capable of decomposing the contaminant gas. Examples of the microorganisms for removing the pollutant gas include, but are not limited to, Methylocystis microorganisms, Methylosarcina microorganisms, Methylocaldum genus microorganisms, Sphingomonas genus microorganisms, Methylocystis genus microorganisms, and Sphingomonas genus microorganisms.

The term "textile" of the present invention means a product made of fibers, also called fabric or cloth. The fibrous material may be fabricated in various forms depending on the method of weaving using fibers, such as woven fabric, knitted fabric, felt, net, and the like.

In the present invention, the fiber material can be interpreted as a fiber material that can be used as a carrier for immobilizing a microorganism for removing a pollutant gas. Examples of the fiber material include a soft component, A fiber material made of a stiff material, a surface treated smoothly and a dense textured fiber material, and, as another example, a nonwoven fabric for gardening, a geosynthetic fiber, or the like.

The term " bio-complex textile "of the present invention means a fiber product formed by bonding microorganisms for decomposing polluting gas to a fiber material. The biocomposite fiber is produced by using a fiber material as a carrier for immobilizing a microorganism, and the microorganism may be bonded or coated on the whole or a part of the fiber product.

In the present invention, the biocomposite fiber may be interpreted as a product exhibiting an effect of improving the activity of removing microbes from the polluted gas, including microbes for removing a pollutant gas at a low concentration.

Particularly, when the biocomposite fiber contains a 25% (v / v) to 10% (v / v) dilution of the microbial culture liquid, the biocomposite fiber exhibits a relatively higher level of methane removal activity than the diluent itself .

In addition, since it is difficult to process a microorganism-immobilized carrier conventionally used, it is necessary to combine the immobilized carrier with another device in order to produce a product such as a bio-filter or a bio-cover. Since the biocompatible fiber itself is in the form of a fiber material that can be easily processed, the biocomposite fiber can be directly processed to produce a product for removing a contaminated gas such as a biofilter or a bio-cover. Accordingly, the use of the biocomposite fiber of the present invention can reduce the cost and time required for the production of a pollutant-removing product such as a biofilter and a bio-cover, .

For example, in the case of producing a bio-cover for a landfill by using the same microorganism for removing pollutant gas, when a conventional immobilization carrier is used, the immobilization carrier containing the microorganism is put in a separate container, And a conduit capable of discharging the gas discharged from the immobilization support containing the microorganism is provided.

On the other hand, in the case of using the biocomposite fiber provided by the present invention, a fixing means capable of fixing the microorganism to the fiber material to fabricate the biocomposite fiber, and fixing the biocomposite fiber to the upper end of the landfill The bio-cover can be manufactured.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a micro-organism preparation separated from earthworm-infested soil is added to a fibrous material such as a nonwoven fabric for gardening or geosynthetics to produce a bio-complex textile, As a result of comparing the effect of removing the pollutant gas, it has been found that when the microbial agent is diluted to a certain level or more, it is possible to remove the pollutant gas more effectively by using it in the form of a biocomposite fiber rather than using the microbial agent as it is (Figs. 2A to 2D). In addition, the microorganism preparation is mixed with various carriers such as pearlite or tobermorite to obtain individual microorganism carriers, and then the microorganism carriers are plated between the fiber materials to produce biotrap type biodegradable fibers, It was applied to a bioreactor similar to the landfill environment and its decomposition effect was verified. As a result, it was found that the pollution gas such as methane and DMS could be effectively decomposed and DMS could be decomposed more effectively than methane (FIGS. 5A to 5C).

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for producing a biocomposite fiber for removing a pollutant gas, comprising the step of binding a microorganism for removing a pollutant gas to a fiber material.

The method of binding the microorganism to the fibrous material can be carried out by a known method. For example, the microorganism may be added to the fiber material or a dilution liquid of the microorganism may be added and dried.

Another method for producing the biocomposite fiber for removing contaminants includes the steps of: (a) binding a microorganism for removing a pollutant gas to a known immobilization carrier to obtain a microorganism carrier; And (b) a step of laminating the microorganism carrier on one side or both sides of one fiber material, laminating another fiber material on the microorganism carrier, and fixing the fiber material and the microorganism carrier in a sandwich form . ≪ / RTI >

The term "immobilization support" as used herein means a substrate for immobilizing microorganisms for use in industries using microorganisms, wherein the substrate is capable of immobilizing a target microorganism at a high concentration, comprising a plurality of voids, A reticulated network of flow channels extending from each other can be formed and has sufficient mechanical strength such as elasticity and compressive strength to have durability suitable for industrial use. The immobilization support is not particularly limited, but pearlite, tobermorite or a combination thereof may be used as an example.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for removing a contaminated gas including the step of adding the biocomposite fiber to a pollutant gas generating source.

As described above, the biocomposite fibers provided in the present invention can be effectively removed by using a small amount of microorganisms due to the combination of the microorganisms for removing contaminants and the fibrous materials contained therein. Therefore, When it is applied to the generation source, the pollution gas generated from the generation source can be effectively removed.

The term "source of polluting gas" in the present invention means a region or facility where the pollution gas is generated, and examples thereof include organic waste treatment facilities such as landfill, food waste treatment facility, anaerobic digestion tank, .

In yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a biofilter for removing contaminant gas comprising the biocomposite fiber

The biofilter provided in the present invention includes a packing section provided with the biocompatible fiber in order to remove the polluted gas injected into the biofilter. At this time, the filling part may further include other components other than the biocompatible fiber. For example, the filling part may further include constituents such as landfill soil and earthworm feces.

In addition, in order to further improve the effect of removing the pollutant gas of the biofilter, components such as a blower, a watering system, and a drainage container may be additionally included in addition to the filling part have. For example, the gas supply unit is a unit for sucking the polluted gas from a place where pollution gas is generated and supplying the polluted gas to the biofilter; The circulation system is composed of a pump for circulation, a water spraying device, and the like to supply moisture to maintain the moisture content of 70% or more in order to prevent drying of the filling part during the operation of the biofilter and to maintain the activity of the biocomposite fiber; The drain reservoir stores the excess water not supplied from the water spraying system but is used in the water spraying system, supplies water to the spraying system, and supplies various nutrients necessary for the growth of microorganisms To the above-mentioned moisture. However, the configuration of each of these devices and the apparatus further included are not particularly limited as long as the biofilter of the present invention exhibits the effect of removing the polluted gas.

In yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a bio-cover for removing a polluted gas including the bio-filter for removing the polluted gas.

The bio-cover provided in the present invention can be used to substantially remove the pollutant gas in a place where the pollutant gas is generated. For example, a small-scale landfill in which the amount of pollution gas generated is insufficient for economically feasible to install a pollution gas collecting facility, or a ventilation hole of a landfill in which pollutant gas is discharged at a concentration too low to be used for some time after landfilling The bio-cover of the present invention may be attached to the gas discharge port to remove the polluted gas generated from the landfill.

In addition, the bio-cover may further include a gas supply unit, a sprinkler system, a drain reservoir, and the like included in the bio-filter to improve the pollutant removal effect. However, these additional components are not particularly limited Do not.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for removing a contaminated gas, comprising the step of installing the bio-filter or the bio-cover in a place where pollution gas is generated or present.

At this time, the place where the pollution gas is generated or exists is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a pollution gas generation source such as an organic waste treatment facility such as a landfill, a food waste treatment facility, an anaerobic digestion tank,

The use of the biocomposite fiber of the present invention not only effectively removes various kinds of contaminated gas while using a small amount of microorganisms for removing the pollutant gas but also can economically produce a device for removing the polluted gas owing to its physical properties, It can be widely used for effective removal of

FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS with the passage of culture time of the EG microorganism preparation obtained from the earthworm-infested soil. FIG.
FIG. 2A is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS with the passage of time measured in a control group to which no fiber material is added. FIG.
FIG. 2B is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS over time of the culture time of the EG microorganism preparation inoculated with the fiber material A. FIG.
FIG. 2C is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS over time of the culture time of the EG microorganism preparation inoculated with the fiber material B. FIG.
FIG. 2D is a graph showing the results of comparing the results of FIGS. 2A to 2C with the dilutions of the cultured products.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of comparing the decomposition rate changes of methane and DMS according to storage periods of microbial carriers containing tobermorite or perlite.
4A is a schematic view showing the structure of the bioreactor provided in the present invention.
4B is a schematic view showing a method of supplying a contaminated gas to a bioreactor equipped with a biocomposite fiber.
FIG. 5A is a graph showing the results of comparing the concentration changes of methane or DMS over time in a bioreactor equipped with biocomposite fibers containing perlite (BCT1). FIG.
FIG. 5B is a graph showing the results of comparison of changes in concentration of methane or DMS over time in a bioreactor equipped with biocomposite fibers containing tobermorite (BCT2). FIG.
FIG. 5c shows the results of comparing the concentration changes of methane or DMS over time in a bioreactor equipped with a biocomposite fiber comprising a 1: 1 (v / v) mixture of perlite and tobermorite (BCT3) Graph.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example  1: Fabrication and Effectiveness of Biocomposite Fiber

Example  1-1: Culture of microorganisms for decomposing polluting gas

In order to decompose methane as a greenhouse gas and DMS (dimethylsulfide), which is a cause of malodor, among the landfill gas components, a strain capable of simultaneously decomposing methane and DMS from earthworm feces was obtained and cultured.

First, 100 ml of distilled water was added to 10 g of the earthworm-modified soil, and the mixture was stirred at 150 rpm for 20 minutes. The supernatant was centrifuged and the supernatant was prepared with an EG microbial agent.

Next, in a 600 ml serum bottle, NMS (Nitrate Mineral Slat) medium (0.2 g / l CaCl ₂ .6H ₂ O, 1.0 g / l MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O, 1.0 g / l KNO _{3 and} 0.272 g KH ₂ PO ₄ / l, Na ₂ HPO ₄ .12H ₂ O 0.717 g / l and Trace element 0.5 ml / l) were added to the flask, and 2 ml of the prepared EG microorganism preparation was added thereto. The composition of the trace element is as follows: FeSO ₄揃 7H ₂ O 200 mg / ℓ, ZnSO ₄揃 7H ₂ O 10 mg / ℓ, MnCl ₂揃 4H ₂ O 3 mg / ℓ, H ₃ BO ₃ 30 mg / 20 mg / l of CoCl ₂ .6H ₂ O, 2 mg / l of NiCl ₂ .6H ₂ O and 3 mg / l of Na ₂ MoO ₄ .2H ₂ O.

Then, the serum bottle was sealed with rubber sponge and para-film, and 50,000 ppm of methane and 5,000 ppm of DMS were injected using a syringe. The sera were cultured at 30 ° C and 150 rpm for 14 days to obtain culture products. When the total amount of methane and DMS was exhausted, the serum bottle was opened and replaced with air for 30 minutes or longer. Methane and DMS were re-injected under the same conditions as above. To prevent the death of the strain due to depletion of the nutrient source, 1.0 ml of each of the nitrogen concentrate and the phosphorus concentrate was added each time the air replacement was repeated three times. Next, the change in the concentration of methane and DMS in the serum was measured (Fig. 1).

FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS with the passage of culture time of the EG microorganism preparation obtained from the earthworm-infested soil. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, when the EG microorganism preparation was cultured under methane and DMS conditions, it was confirmed that the concentration of the carbon source in the serum was decreased. In particular, it was confirmed that the initial methane decomposition took 6 days and DMS decomposition took 5 days. However, it took two days to decompose the carbon source in the second culture.

Example  1-2: Fabrication of Biocomposite Fibers Containing Microorganisms for Pollution Gas Decomposition

The EG microorganism culture product obtained in Example 1-1 was added to the fiber material to prepare a bio-complex textile, and the effect of removing the contaminant gas was compared.

Specifically, a nonwoven fabric for gardening (fiber material A: thickness of about 0.30 mm, color fluorescent light white, composed of a soft component but a lot of lint on the surface, loose texture) or geosynthetic fiber , A stiff component but smooth surface and a dense texture) were prepared, cut into 1 cm x 1 cm, and each cut fiber material was placed in a 120 ml serum bottle.

Samples diluted with 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% (v / v) were prepared by adding sterilized water to the culture product of the EG microorganism preparation obtained in Example 1-1, These prepared samples (2 ml) were added to a serum bottle containing the cut fiber material and then stored for 2 days to completely remove water. Next, 2 ml of NMS medium was added to the sera, and 50,000 ppm of methane and 5,000 ppm of DMS were injected into each of the sera as sludge using the syringe. After 14 days of incubation at 30 ° C and 150 rpm, The change in the concentration of methane and DMS was measured (Figs. 2A to 2D). At this time, as a control group, a fiber material was not added.

FIG. 2A is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS with the passage of time measured in a control group to which no fiber material is added. FIG. As shown in FIG. 2A, it was confirmed that the time for completely removing methane and DMS was increased as the dilution ratio of the culture product was increased and the concentration of the culture product was decreased.

FIG. 2B is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS over time of the culture time of the EG microorganism preparation inoculated with the fiber material A. FIG. As shown in FIG. 2B, although the time required for the culture was increased compared with the control, it was confirmed that methane and DMS could be completely removed by using diluted culture solution.

FIG. 2C is a graph showing changes in the concentration of methane and DMS over time of the culture time of the EG microorganism preparation inoculated with the fiber material B. FIG. As shown in FIG. 2C, it was confirmed that when the culture product diluted to the lowest concentration was used, methane could not be completely removed.

FIG. 2D is a graph showing the results of comparing the results of FIGS. 2A to 2C with the dilutions of the cultured products. As shown in FIG. 2 (d), the removal patterns of methane and DMS are different from each other.

Specifically, in the case of methane, the 50%, 75%, or 100% dilution of the cultured product showed a significantly higher removal rate than the fibrous material A or B in the control group without the fiber material, When 10% or 25% diluent was used, the fiber material B showed a significantly higher removal rate than the control or fiber material A.

Also, in the case of DMS, the 50%, 75% or 100% dilution of the cultured product showed a relatively high removal rate compared to the fibrous material A or B in the control group, but the 10% or 25% A showed a relatively higher removal rate than the control or fiber material B.

From the above results, it is preferable to use a biocomposite fiber prepared by adding a microorganism culture liquid to a fiber material rather than using the microorganism culture liquid as it is when diluting the microorganism culture liquid to a level of 50% or less, It is preferable to selectively use an appropriate fiber material.

Example  2: The carrier  Fabrication and Effectiveness of Biocomposite Fibers

Example  2-1: Microbial carrier  Included Biotrap  Fabrication of Biodegradable Composite Fiber

The biocomposite fibers were prepared in a manner different from that of the biocomposite fibers prepared in Example 1-2, and their activities were compared.

Specifically, tobromolyte (light brown, pH 7.0, apparent density of 0.58 g / ml) or pearlite (white, pH 6.0, apparent density of 0.13 g / ml) was crushed finely and sieved with a 2 mm sieve to remove coarse particles, Particles were obtained. Then, 500 ml of the carrier particles and 200 ml of the EG microorganism preparation culture product obtained in Example 1-1 were mixed to obtain a microorganism carrier. 100 ml of the microorganism carrier was immersed in a nonwoven fabric pocket having a size of 10 cm x 10 cm , Biotrap type biodegradable composite fiber was prepared by sealing a part of the fiber, and the moisture content was measured with time after storage for 14 weeks in a sealed container (Table 1).

Water content change of bacterial immobilization carrier (%) Storage Period (Week) Tobermorite Pearlite 2
3
4
6
8
10
14 51.07 + - 0.76
49.96 ± 1.97
50.95 ± 0.05
50.87 ± 0.16
50.84 + - 0.53
51.37 ± 0.39
43.77 ± 0.24 76.75 + - 0.64
76.31 + - 0.94
75.18 ± 1.33
76.15 +/- 1.00
76.25 + - 0.64
76.27 ± 1.17
60.45 + 0.29

As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the moisture content was maintained at a high level when pearlite was used, rather than using tobermorite as a carrier. This is because the water retention capacity of perlite is relatively higher than that of tobermorite.

Example  2-2: Verification of the effect of biocomposite fiber

In Example 2-1, 40 ml of the microorganism carrier obtained from each of the biocomposite fibers stored for 2, 3, 4, 6, or 10 weeks was placed in a 600 ml serum bottle, 2 ml of NMS medium was added thereto, Methanol and DMS concentrations were measured by using the syringes, and 50,000 ppm of methane and 5,000 ppm of DMS were injected into each of the serum samples. The concentration of methane and DMS in the serum was measured while the cells were incubated at 30 ° C. and 150 rpm for 14 days. , And these were compared (FIG. 3).

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of comparing the decomposition rate changes of methane and DMS according to storage periods of microbial carriers containing tobermorite or perlite. As shown in FIG. 3, it was confirmed that both of tobermorite and perlite were retained in methane and DMS resolution even when stored for 10 weeks or more.

Therefore, the results of this study suggest that when biocomplex fiber prototypes are stored at moderate temperatures, high methane and DMS degradation activity can be expected regardless of storage period.

Example  3: Verification of the effect of biocomplex fiber using bioreactor

Example  3-1: Fabrication of bioreactor

In order to evaluate whether the biocomposite fibers provided in the present invention can be used in a landfill site, a bioreactor of acrylic type similar to a landfill environment was prepared (FIG. 4A). A multi-layered cylindrical reactor (30 mm in diameter x 60 mm in height x 10 mm in thickness) was used. The lower layer of the reactor consisted of a single cylinder (30 mm in diameter × 20 mm in height × 10 mm in thickness) and the upper layer was an inner cylinder (30 mm in diameter × 40 mm in height × 10 mm in thickness) 10 mm). After the landfill gas is introduced into the lower layer of the reactor, it is decomposed through the upper inner cylinder with the biocomposite fiber, and finally it is designed to escape to the upper outer cylinder. The inner cylinder and the lower layer of the upper layer are connected to each other through a perforated plate so that gas can flow in and out freely.

4A is a schematic view showing the structure of the bioreactor provided in the present invention.

Subsequently, the materials to be charged into the prepared bioreactor were prepared as follows:

Polysaccharides were mixed with 1: 1 (v / v), 10-15 mm in diameter and 20-30 mm in diameter, and washed once with tap water before charging the reactor. Sand was used after sieving with 2 mm sieve, and water content was adjusted to 20-25% by adding tap water. The reactor was charged with 4.0 liters of slag and 0.5 liters of sand from the bottom.

Example  3-2: Fabrication of Biocomposite Fiber for Bioreactor

The biocomposite fibers applicable to the bioreactor prepared in Example 3-1 were prepared as follows:

First, the same procedure as in Example 2-1 was performed except that perlite (BCT1), tobermorite (BCT2) or a 1: 1 (v / v) mixture of perlite and tobermorite (BCT3) Each microorganism carrier was obtained. 160 ml of each of the obtained microorganism carriers was plated between two circular horticultural nonwoven fabrics each having a diameter of 200 mm to prepare respective biocomposite fibers.

Each of the prepared biocompatible fibers was provided on the sand filled in the bioreactor manufactured in Example 3-1.

Example  3-3: Analysis of the removal effect of pollutant gas using bioreactor

A mixed gas obtained by mixing methane and carbon dioxide at 40:60 (v / v) as polluted gas was supplied to the lower end of the bioreactor equipped with the biological composite fiber according to Example 3-2 at a rate of 1 ml / min for 28 days After that, a mixture of the above mixed gas, 0.125 ml of DMS and 100 ml of soybean oil was further injected at a rate of 1 ml / min for 22 days together. Air was introduced into the upper end of the bioreactor at a rate of 10 ml / min to form a condition similar to that of the landfill (Fig. 4B). 4B is a schematic view showing a method of supplying a contaminated gas to a bioreactor equipped with a biocomposite fiber.

The top air of the bioreactor was analyzed while injecting the polluted gas for 80 days, and the concentration change of methane or DMS was measured and compared (Figs. 5A to 5C).

FIG. 5A is a graph showing the results of comparison of changes in concentration of methane or DMS over time in a bioreactor equipped with a biocomposite fiber containing pearlite (BCT1). FIG. (V / v) mixture of perlite and tobermorite (BCT3 (v / v) mixture of perlite and tobermorite) in a bioreactor equipped with a biocomposite fiber ) In a bioreactor equipped with a biocomposite fiber according to the present invention.

5A to 5C, in the reactors (BCT1 and BCT2) filled with pearlite and tobermorite, methane was immediately removed without an induction furnace, and the reactor charged with pearlite and tobermorite in a ratio of 1: 1 (BCT3), methane began to be removed within one week of operation. The removal efficiencies (RE) of BCT1, BCT2, and BCT3 were 26.23 ± 10.42, 19.95 ± 8.77, and 52.34 ± 9.41%, respectively, indicating that carriers containing pearlite and tobermorite contributed the most to the activity of methanotrophs . From the 29th day of operation, it was confirmed that the DMS was supplied as an additional inflow gas at less than 5,000 ppm and all the DMS was decomposed in all three reactors simultaneously with the DMS supply.

From the above description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. In this regard, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments and experiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (13)

(a) a microorganism for removing contaminants or a culture thereof; And
(b) a fiber material to which the microorganism or the culture liquid is bound.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the polluting gas is methane, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, ammonia, ethylbenzene, xylene or a combination thereof.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the microorganisms for removing the pollutant gas are microorganisms belonging to the genus Methylocystis , microorganisms belonging to the genus Methylosarcina , microorganisms belonging to the genus Methylocaldum , microorganisms belonging to the genus Sphingomonas , microorganisms belonging to the genus Methylocystis , microorganisms belonging to the genus Sphingomonas , or combinations thereof.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the biocomposite fiber exhibits a relatively high level of methane removal activity than the diluent itself when the biocomposite fiber comprises 25% (v / v) to 10% (v / v) diluent of the microbial culture.
A method for producing a biocomposite fiber for removing a pollutant gas, comprising the step of binding a microorganism for removing a pollutant gas to a fiber material.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the binding is performed by adding a culture liquid of a microorganism for removing contaminants to a fiber material or a dilution liquid of the culture liquid and drying the fiber material.
(a) binding a microorganism for removing contaminants to a known immobilization carrier to obtain a microorganism carrier; And
(b) a step of laminating the microorganism carrier on one side or both sides of one fiber material, laminating another fiber material on the microorganism carrier, and fixing the fiber material and the microorganism carrier in a sandwich form And removing the contaminated gas.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the immobilization support is pearlite, tobermorite or a combination thereof.
A method for removing a contaminated gas comprising the step of applying the biocomposite fiber of any one of claims 1 to 4 to a pollutant gas generating source.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the pollutant gas generating source is a landfill, a food waste disposal facility, an anaerobic digestion tank, or a barn.
A biofilter for removing polluted gas, comprising the biocomposite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
A bio-cover for removing pollution gas, comprising the bio-filter according to claim 11.
A biofilter for removing polluted gas comprising the biocomposite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a bio-cover including the bio-filter is provided at a place where pollution gas is generated or present. / RTI >

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